Bump version: v4.1.1

properdocs is a drop-in MkDocs fork by the original MkDocs maintainers.
The existing plugins (include-markdown, macros, intersphinx) and pymdown
extensions work unchanged; themes are unbundled, so the readthedocs
theme comes from properdocs-theme-readthedocs.

Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-fable-5

.github/workflows/copilot-setup-steps.yml

@@ -19,16 +19,16 @@ jobs:
       contents: read
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
 
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@ece7cb06caefa5fff74198d8649806c4678c61a1 # v6.3.0
         with:
           python-version: "3.x"
           allow-prereleases: true
 
-      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@08807647e7069bb48b6ef5acd8ec9567f424441b # v8.1.0
+      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@11f9893b081a58869d3b5fccaea48c9e9e46f990 # v8.3.2
 
       - name: Install tooling
         run: |

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ jobs:
   dist:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
       with:
         persist-credentials: false
 
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ jobs:
         path: dist
 
     - name: Generate artifact attestation for sdist and wheel
-      uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@a2bbfa25375fe432b6a289bc6b6cd05ecd0c4c32 # v4.1.0
+      uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@0f67c3f4856b2e3261c31976d6725780e5e4c373 # v4.1.1
       with:
         subject-path: "dist/cibuildwheel-*"
 

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ on:
       - .travis.yml
       - README.md
       - azure-pipelines.yml
-      - mkdocs.yml
+      - properdocs.yml
       - noxfile.py
   workflow_dispatch:
     # allow manual runs on branches without a PR
@@ -39,14 +39,14 @@ jobs:
     name: Linters (mypy, ruff, etc.)
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
       with:
         persist-credentials: false
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@ece7cb06caefa5fff74198d8649806c4678c61a1 # v6.3.0
       with:
         python-version: "3.x"
-    - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@08807647e7069bb48b6ef5acd8ec9567f424441b # v8.1.0
-    - uses: j178/prek-action@bdca6f102f98e2b4c7029491a53dfd366469e33d # v2.0.4
+    - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@11f9893b081a58869d3b5fccaea48c9e9e46f990 # v8.3.2
+    - uses: j178/prek-action@e98a699c41eb69ab013a45817a0406469a748f8d # v2.0.5
     - name: PyLint checks
       run: uvx nox -s pylint -- --output-format=github
 
@@ -55,14 +55,14 @@ jobs:
     needs: lint
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
       with:
         persist-credentials: false
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@ece7cb06caefa5fff74198d8649806c4678c61a1 # v6.3.0
       name: Install Python
       with:
         python-version: "3.x"
-    - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@08807647e7069bb48b6ef5acd8ec9567f424441b # v8.1.0
+    - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@11f9893b081a58869d3b5fccaea48c9e9e46f990 # v8.3.2
     - name: Install dependencies
       run: uv sync --no-dev --group test
     - name: Generate a sample project
@@ -117,16 +117,16 @@ jobs:
           test_select: android
     timeout-minutes: 180
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
       with:
         persist-credentials: false
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@ece7cb06caefa5fff74198d8649806c4678c61a1 # v6.3.0
       name: Install Python ${{ matrix.python_version }}
       with:
         python-version: ${{ matrix.python_version }}
         allow-prereleases: true
 
-    - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@08807647e7069bb48b6ef5acd8ec9567f424441b # v8.1.0
+    - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@11f9893b081a58869d3b5fccaea48c9e9e46f990 # v8.3.2
 
     - name: Free up disk space
       if: runner.os == 'Linux' && matrix.test_select != 'android'
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ jobs:
     # for oci_container unit tests
     - name: Set up QEMU
       if: runner.os == 'Linux'
-      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@06116385d9baf250c9f4dcb4858b16962ea869c3 # v4.1.0
+      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@96fe6ef7f33517b61c61be40b68a1882f3264fb8 # v4.2.0
 
     - name: Set up Xcode
       if: ${{ startsWith(matrix.os, 'macos-15') }}
@@ -168,6 +168,9 @@ jobs:
           if [[ -n "$GITHUB_PR_LABEL_CI_GRAALPY" ]]; then
             CIBW_ENABLE+=" graalpy"
           fi
+          if [[ -n "$GITHUB_PR_LABEL_CI_PYPY_EOL" ]]; then
+            CIBW_ENABLE+=" pypy-eol"
+          fi
         fi
         echo "CIBW_ENABLE=${CIBW_ENABLE}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
@@ -247,13 +250,13 @@ jobs:
     outputs:
       archs: ${{ steps.archs.outputs.archs }}
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
       with:
         persist-credentials: false
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@ece7cb06caefa5fff74198d8649806c4678c61a1 # v6.3.0
       with:
         python-version: "3.x"
-    - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@08807647e7069bb48b6ef5acd8ec9567f424441b # v8.1.0
+    - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@11f9893b081a58869d3b5fccaea48c9e9e46f990 # v8.3.2
     - name: Install dependencies
       run: uv sync --no-dev --group test
     - name: Get qemu emulated architectures
@@ -272,18 +275,18 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         arch: ${{ fromJSON(needs.emulated-archs.outputs.archs) }}
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
       with:
         persist-credentials: false
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@ece7cb06caefa5fff74198d8649806c4678c61a1 # v6.3.0
       with:
         python-version: "3.x"
-    - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@08807647e7069bb48b6ef5acd8ec9567f424441b # v8.1.0
+    - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@11f9893b081a58869d3b5fccaea48c9e9e46f990 # v8.3.2
     - name: Install dependencies
       run: uv sync --no-dev --group test
 
     - name: Set up QEMU
-      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@06116385d9baf250c9f4dcb4858b16962ea869c3 # v4.1.0
+      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@96fe6ef7f33517b61c61be40b68a1882f3264fb8 # v4.2.0
 
     - name: Run the emulation tests
       env:
@@ -296,14 +299,14 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     timeout-minutes: 180
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
       with:
         persist-credentials: false
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@ece7cb06caefa5fff74198d8649806c4678c61a1 # v6.3.0
       name: Install Python 3.12
       with:
         python-version: '3.12'
-    - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@08807647e7069bb48b6ef5acd8ec9567f424441b # v8.1.0
+    - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@11f9893b081a58869d3b5fccaea48c9e9e46f990 # v8.3.2
 
     - name: Install dependencies
       run: uv sync --no-dev --group test
@@ -348,7 +351,7 @@ jobs:
         - os: macos-15
           test_select: android
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
       with:
         persist-credentials: false
     - name: Download a sample project

.github/workflows/update-dependencies.yml

@@ -37,11 +37,11 @@ jobs:
         permission-contents: write
         permission-pull-requests: write
 
-    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
       with:
         persist-credentials: false
 
-    - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@08807647e7069bb48b6ef5acd8ec9567f424441b # v8.1.0
+    - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@11f9893b081a58869d3b5fccaea48c9e9e46f990 # v8.3.2
       with:
         python-version: "3.14"
 
@@ -69,4 +69,5 @@ jobs:
         labels: |
           CI: GraalPy
           CI: PyPy
+          CI: PyPy EoL
           dependencies

.github/workflows/update-major-minor-tag.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
     permissions:
       contents: write
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
 

.github/workflows/zizmor.yml

@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@ jobs:
       security-events: write
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Run zizmor 🌈
-        uses: zizmorcore/zizmor-action@5f14fd08f7cf1cb1609c1e344975f152c7ee938d # v0.5.6
+        uses: zizmorcore/zizmor-action@192e21d79ab29983730a13d1382995c2307fbcaa # v0.5.7

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ repos:
     exclude: ^cibuildwheel/resources/android/android.patch$
 
 - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
-  rev: 0671d8ab202c4ac093b78433ae5baf74f3fc7246  # frozen: v0.15.15
+  rev: c59bba8fb259db0fec2bbb77ad8ba51ea7341b56  # frozen: v0.15.20
   hooks:
   - id: ruff-check
     args: ["--fix"]
@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ repos:
       - dependency-groups>=1.2
       - humanize
       - nox>=2025.2.9
-      - orjson
       - packaging
       - pygithub
       - pytest
@@ -78,7 +77,7 @@ repos:
     additional_dependencies: [cogapp>=3.5]
 
 - repo: https://github.com/henryiii/flake8-lazy
-  rev: 65b94e97b1091634368592d98072160842265fe4  # frozen: v0.8.2
+  rev: 5fed9a818f2583f0403aed779bf2b6c9aa8d25f4  # frozen: v0.8.5
   hooks:
   - id: flake8-lazy
     args: ["--apply=set"]
@@ -94,7 +93,7 @@ repos:
 
 
 - repo: https://github.com/python-jsonschema/check-jsonschema
-  rev: 943377262562a12b57292fc98fabd7dbf81451fe  # frozen: 0.37.2
+  rev: 1a4bb160cab6417b3045e1b37b6b72449243e658  # frozen: 0.37.4
   hooks:
     - id: check-dependabot
     - id: check-github-actions

.readthedocs.yml

@@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ build:
     - asdf plugin add uv
     - asdf install uv latest
     - asdf global uv latest
-    - NO_COLOR=1 uv run --python 3.14 --managed-python --no-dev --group docs mkdocs build --strict --site-dir $READTHEDOCS_OUTPUT/html
+    - NO_COLOR=1 uv run --python 3.14 --managed-python --no-dev --group docs properdocs build --strict --site-dir $READTHEDOCS_OUTPUT/html

AGENTS.md

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 - `nox -s tests -- test -k before_build` — single integration test/file via pytest `-k`.
 - `nox -s lint` — run all linters (pre-commit/prek).
 - `nox -s pylint` — run pylint separately (not in pre-commit).
-- `nox -s docs` — mkdocs serve (interactive) or build (non-interactive).
+- `nox -s docs` — properdocs serve (interactive) or build (non-interactive).
 - Set up local dev env at `.venv`: `uv sync` (dependency groups used).
 
 ## Project layout
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 - `test/` — **integration tests** (expensive, run actual wheel builds).
 - `unit_test/` — **unit tests** (fast, no wheel builds).
 - `bin/` — maintainer scripts (update pins, generate README tables, schema, etc.).
-- `docs/` — mkdocs source.
+- `docs/` — properdocs (MkDocs fork) source.
 
 ## Testing specifics
 - Three test suites exist, run in this order by `bin/run_tests.py`:

README.md

@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
 
       - name: Install cibuildwheel
-        run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.1.0
+        run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.1.1
 
       - name: Build wheels
         run: python -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
@@ -189,8 +189,8 @@ Here are some repos that use cibuildwheel.
 |-----------------------------------|----|----|:------|
 | [scikit-learn][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![pyodide icon][] | The machine learning library. A complex but clean config using many of cibuildwheel's features to build a large project with Cython and C++ extensions.  |
 | [duckdb][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | DuckDB is an analytical in-process SQL database management system |
-| [pytorch-fairseq][]               | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Facebook AI Research Sequence-to-Sequence Toolkit written in Python. |
 | [NumPy][]                         | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![pyodide icon][] | The fundamental package for scientific computing with Python. |
+| [pytorch-fairseq][]               | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Facebook AI Research Sequence-to-Sequence Toolkit written in Python. |
 | [NCNN][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | ncnn is a high-performance neural network inference framework optimized for the mobile platform |
 | [Matplotlib][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![pyodide icon][] | The venerable Matplotlib, a Python library with C++ portions |
 | [Tornado][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] ![apple icon][] ![windows icon][] | Tornado is a Python web framework and asynchronous networking library. Uses stable ABI for a small C extension. |
@@ -200,8 +200,8 @@ Here are some repos that use cibuildwheel.
 
 [scikit-learn]: https://github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn
 [duckdb]: https://github.com/duckdb/duckdb
-[pytorch-fairseq]: https://github.com/facebookresearch/fairseq
 [NumPy]: https://github.com/numpy/numpy
+[pytorch-fairseq]: https://github.com/facebookresearch/fairseq
 [NCNN]: https://github.com/Tencent/ncnn
 [Matplotlib]: https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib
 [Tornado]: https://github.com/tornadoweb/tornado
@@ -239,6 +239,28 @@ Changelog
 
 <!-- [[[cog from readme_changelog import mini_changelog; print(mini_changelog()) ]]] -->
 
+### v4.1.1
+
+_24 July 2026_
+
+- ✨ Adds `pyodide-build` as a separate [`build-frontend`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#build-frontend), now the default frontend for Pyodide, with verbosity flags handling. Any other frontend is ignored with a warning on Pyodide. (#2609, #2945)
+- 🔐 Uses digests instead of tags for pinned container images, strengthening supply-chain security. The human-readable tags remain as comments in `pinned_docker_images.cfg`. (#2915)
+- 🐛 Fixes platform-specific [`test-runtime`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#test-runtime) environment variables (e.g. `CIBW_TEST_RUNTIME_ANDROID`) not being honored (#2941)
+- 🐛 Fixes quoting of [`test-requires`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#test-requires) and [`audit-requires`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#audit-requires) so PEP 508 specifiers containing spaces work (#2913)
+- 🐛 Makes [`archs`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#archs) parsing case-insensitive and platform-aware, so e.g. `arm64` works on Windows (#2920)
+- 🐛 Uses an absolute path for the `{project}` placeholder in [`config-settings`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#config-settings) (#2934)
+- 🐛 Validates the [`pyodide-version`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#pyodide-version) option against the build identifier with a clear error (#2925)
+- 🐛 Fixes PyPy installs on macOS after PyPy switched its downloads from `.tar.bz2` to `.tar.gz` (#2939)
+- 🐛 Makes a matching `python3-config` available in the build and test venvs on macOS (#2922)
+- 🛠 Updates dependencies and container pins (#2917, #2935, #2939)
+- 🛠 Updates Android tests to current Python versions and the new test repository URL (#2933)
+- 🛠 Drops the `orjson` dependency, no longer used by mypy 2+ (#2923)
+- 📚 Builds the docs with properdocs, a MkDocs fork (#2946)
+- 📚 Adds the missing `cp314-pyodide_wasm32` entry to the build identifier table (#2947)
+- 📚 Removes outdated notes about the `pip wheel` build frontend and ClearLinux (#2926)
+- 💼 Adds a "CI: PyPy EoL" PR label to run PyPy EoL tests on PRs (#2930)
+- 💼 Updates CI action pins and pre-commit hooks (#2914, #2932, #2938, #2940, #2942, #2943)
+
 ### v4.1.0
 
 _12 June 2026_
@@ -328,13 +350,7 @@ _5 March 2026_
 - ✨ Add support for quiet setting on `build` and `uv` from the cibuildwheel `build-verbosity` setting. (#2737)
 - 📚 Docs updates, including guidance on using Meson on Windows (#2718)
 
-### v3.3.1
-
-_5 January 2026_
-
-- 🛠 Update dependencies and container pins, including updating to CPython 3.14.2. (#2708)
-
-<!-- [[[end]]] (sum: s3fkxPyqwC) -->
+<!-- [[[end]]] (sum: kQUcUVgqfM) -->
 
 ---
 

action.yml

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ branding:
 runs:
   using: composite
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@ece7cb06caefa5fff74198d8649806c4678c61a1 # v6.3.0
       id: python
       with:
         python-version: "3.11 - 3.14"

azure-pipelines.yml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ pr:
       - .readthedocs.yml
       - .travis.yml
       - README.md
-      - mkdocs.yml
+      - properdocs.yml
       - noxfile.py
 
 jobs:

bin/generate_schema.py

@@ -393,6 +393,25 @@ for os_name, command in [
 
 del oses["linux"]["properties"]["dependency-versions"]
 
+oses["pyodide"]["properties"]["build-frontend"] = {
+    **schema["properties"]["build-frontend"],
+    "default": "pyodide-build",
+    "description": 'On the pyodide platform, the build frontend must be "pyodide-build"',
+    "oneOf": [
+        {"enum": ["pyodide-build"]},
+        {"type": "string", "pattern": "^pyodide-build; ?args:"},
+        {
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": False,
+            "required": ["name"],
+            "properties": {
+                "name": {"enum": ["pyodide-build"]},
+                "args": {"type": "array", "items": {"type": "string"}},
+            },
+        },
+    ],
+}
+
 schema["properties"]["overrides"] = overrides
 schema["properties"] |= oses
 

bin/update_docker.py

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 
 import configparser
 import dataclasses
+from functools import cache
 from pathlib import Path
 
 import requests
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ class PyPAImage(Image):
         super().__init__(manylinux_version, platforms, image_name, tag, True)
 
 
-images = [
+IMAGES = [
     # manylinux2014 images
     PyPAImage(
         "manylinux2014",
@@ -88,49 +89,71 @@ images = [
     ),
 ]
 
-config = configparser.ConfigParser()
 
-for image in images:
-    # get the tag name whose digest matches 'latest'
-    if image.tag is not None:
-        # image has been pinned, do not update
-        tag_name = image.tag
-    elif image.image_name.startswith("quay.io/"):
-        _, _, repository_name = image.image_name.partition("/")
-        response = requests.get(
-            f"https://quay.io/api/v1/repository/{repository_name}?includeTags=true"
-        )
-        response.raise_for_status()
-        repo_info = response.json()
-        tags_dict = repo_info["tags"]
-
-        latest_tag = tags_dict.pop("latest")
+@cache
+def quay_lookup(image_name: str, tag_name: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
+    _, _, repository_name = image_name.partition("/")
+    if tag_name == "latest":
+        url = f"https://quay.io/api/v1/repository/{repository_name}?includeTags=true"
+    else:
+        url = f"https://quay.io/api/v1/repository/{repository_name}/tag?specificTag={tag_name}"
+    response = requests.get(url)
+    response.raise_for_status()
+    info = response.json()
+    if tag_name == "latest":
+        tags_dict = info["tags"]
+        tag_info = tags_dict.pop(tag_name)
         # find the tag whose manifest matches 'latest'
-        tag_name = next(
-            name
+        tag_name, digest = next(
+            (name, info["manifest_digest"])
             for (name, info) in tags_dict.items()
-            if info["manifest_digest"] == latest_tag["manifest_digest"]
+            if info["manifest_digest"] == tag_info["manifest_digest"]
         )
-    elif image.image_name.startswith("ghcr.io/"):
-        repository = image.image_name[8:]
-        response = requests.get(
-            "https://ghcr.io/token", params={"scope": f"repository:{repository}:pull"}
-        )
-        response.raise_for_status()
-        token = response.json()["token"]
+    else:
+        tags_list = info["tags"]
+        tag_info = next(tag for tag in tags_list if tag["name"] == tag_name)
+        digest = tag_info["manifest_digest"]
+
+    return tag_name, digest
+
+
+@cache
+def ghcr_lookup(image_name: str, tag_name: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
+    repository = image_name[8:]
+    response = requests.get(
+        "https://ghcr.io/token", params={"scope": f"repository:{repository}:pull"}
+    )
+    response.raise_for_status()
+    token = response.json()["token"]
+    if tag_name == "latest":
         response = requests.get(
             f"https://ghcr.io/v2/{repository}/tags/list",
             headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"},
         )
         response.raise_for_status()
-        ghcr_tags = [(Version(tag), tag) for tag in response.json()["tags"] if tag != "latest"]
+        info = response.json()
+        ghcr_tags = [(Version(tag), tag) for tag in info["tags"] if tag != "latest"]
         ghcr_tags.sort(reverse=True)
         tag_name = ghcr_tags[0][1]
-    else:
-        response = requests.get(f"https://hub.docker.com/v2/repositories/{image.image_name}/tags")
-        response.raise_for_status()
-        tags = response.json()["results"]
 
+    response = requests.head(
+        f"https://ghcr.io/v2/{repository}/manifests/{tag_name}",
+        headers={
+            "Authorization": f"Bearer {token}",
+            "Accept": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json, application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.list.v2+json, application/vnd.oci.image.manifest.v1+json, application/vnd.oci.image.index.v1+json, application/vnd.oci.artifact.manifest.v1+json",
+        },
+    )
+    response.raise_for_status()
+    digest = response.headers["Docker-Content-Digest"]
+    return tag_name, digest
+
+
+@cache
+def dockerhub_lookup(image_name: str, tag_name: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
+    response = requests.get(f"https://hub.docker.com/v2/repositories/{image_name}/tags")
+    response.raise_for_status()
+    tags = response.json()["results"]
+    if tag_name == "latest":
         latest_tag = next(tag for tag in tags if tag["name"] == "latest")
         # i don't know what it would mean to have multiple images per tag
         assert len(latest_tag["images"]) == 1
@@ -139,15 +162,40 @@ for image in images:
         pinned_tag = next(
             tag for tag in tags if tag != latest_tag and tag["images"][0]["digest"] == digest
         )
-        tag_name = pinned_tag["name"]
+    else:
+        pinned_tag = next(tag for tag in tags if tag["name"] == tag_name)
+        digest = pinned_tag["images"][0]["digest"]
+    tag_name = pinned_tag["name"]
+    return tag_name, digest
 
-    for platform in image.platforms:
-        if not config.has_section(platform):
-            config[platform] = {}
-        suffix = ""
-        if image.use_platform_suffix:
-            suffix = f"_{platform.removeprefix('pypy_')}"
-        config[platform][image.manylinux_version] = f"{image.image_name}{suffix}:{tag_name}"
 
-with open(RESOURCES / "pinned_docker_images.cfg", "w") as f:
-    config.write(f)
+def main() -> None:
+    config = configparser.ConfigParser()
+    for image in IMAGES:
+        # get the tag name whose digest matches 'latest'
+        # if image has been pinned, do not update
+        search_tag = image.tag or "latest"
+        if image.image_name.startswith("quay.io/"):
+            lookup = quay_lookup
+        elif image.image_name.startswith("ghcr.io/"):
+            lookup = ghcr_lookup
+        else:
+            lookup = dockerhub_lookup
+
+        tag_name, digest = lookup(image.image_name, search_tag)
+        for platform in image.platforms:
+            if not config.has_section(platform):
+                config[platform] = {}
+            image_name = image.image_name
+            if image.use_platform_suffix:
+                image_name = f"{image_name}_{platform.removeprefix('pypy_')}"
+                _, digest = lookup(image_name, tag_name)
+            assert digest.startswith("sha256:")
+            config[platform][image.manylinux_version] = f"{image_name}@{digest}  # {tag_name}"
+
+    with open(RESOURCES / "pinned_docker_images.cfg", "w") as f:
+        config.write(f)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

cibuildwheel/__init__.py

@@ -1 +1 @@
-__version__ = "4.1.0"
+__version__ = "4.1.1"

cibuildwheel/architecture.py

@@ -107,13 +107,29 @@ class Architecture(StrEnum):
                 case "auto32":
                     result |= cls.bitness_archs(platform=platform, bitness="32")
                 case _:
-                    try:
-                        result.add(cls(arch_str))
-                    except ValueError as e:
+                    if arch := cls._parse_arch_name(arch_str, platform=platform):
+                        result.add(arch)
+                    else:
                         msg = f"Invalid architecture '{arch_str}'"
-                        raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg) from e
+                        raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg)
         return result
 
+    @classmethod
+    def _parse_arch_name(cls, arch_str: str, platform: PlatformName) -> Self | None:
+        """Resolve an architecture name case-insensitively.
+
+        The same value (e.g. "arm64"/"ARM64") can map to different members
+        depending on the platform, so prefer a member valid for ``platform``
+        before falling back to any case-insensitive match.
+        """
+        for arch in cls.all_archs(platform):
+            if arch.value.lower() == arch_str.lower():
+                return arch
+        for arch in cls:
+            if arch.value.lower() == arch_str.lower():
+                return arch
+        return None
+
     @classmethod
     def native_arch(cls, platform: PlatformName) -> Self | None:
         native_machine = platform_module.machine()

cibuildwheel/frontend.py

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
 
     from cibuildwheel.typing import PathOrStr
 
-BuildFrontendName = Literal["pip", "build", "build[uv]", "uv"]
+BuildFrontendName = Literal["pip", "build", "build[uv]", "uv", "pyodide-build"]
 
 
 @dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
@@ -46,6 +46,11 @@ class BuildFrontendConfig:
 
 
 def _get_verbosity_flags(level: int, frontend: BuildFrontendName) -> list[str]:
+    if frontend == "pyodide-build":
+        if level > 0:
+            return ["-" + min(level, 2) * "v"]
+        return []
+
     if level < 0:
         return ["-" + -level * "q"]
 

cibuildwheel/options.py

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ from packaging.specifiers import SpecifierSet
 from cibuildwheel import errors
 from cibuildwheel.architecture import Architecture
 from cibuildwheel.environment import EnvironmentParseError, ParsedEnvironment, parse_environment
-from cibuildwheel.frontend import BuildFrontendConfig
+from cibuildwheel.frontend import BuildFrontendConfig, BuildFrontendName
 from cibuildwheel.logger import log
 from cibuildwheel.oci_container import OCIContainerEngineConfig
 from cibuildwheel.projectfiles import get_requires_python_str, resolve_dependency_groups
@@ -821,7 +821,6 @@ class Options:
 
             test_runtime_str = self.reader.get(
                 "test-runtime",
-                env_plat=False,
                 option_format=ShlexTableFormat(sep="; ", pair_sep=":", allow_merge=False),
             )
             if not test_runtime_str:
@@ -833,9 +832,11 @@ class Options:
                     msg = f"Failed to parse test runtime config. {e}"
                     raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg) from e
 
-            test_requires = self.reader.get(
-                "test-requires", option_format=ListFormat(sep=" ")
-            ).split()
+            test_requires = shlex.split(
+                self.reader.get(
+                    "test-requires", option_format=ListFormat(sep=" ", quote=shlex.quote)
+                )
+            )
             test_extras = self.reader.get("test-extras", option_format=ListFormat(sep=","))
             test_groups_str = self.reader.get("test-groups", option_format=ListFormat(sep=" "))
             test_groups = [x for x in test_groups_str.split() if x]
@@ -849,8 +850,11 @@ class Options:
                 env_plat=False,
                 option_format=ShlexTableFormat(sep="; ", pair_sep=":", allow_merge=False),
             )
+            default_frontend: BuildFrontendName = (
+                "pyodide-build" if self.platform == "pyodide" else "build"
+            )
             if not build_frontend_str or build_frontend_str == "default":
-                build_frontend = BuildFrontendConfig("build")
+                build_frontend = BuildFrontendConfig(default_frontend)
             else:
                 try:
                     build_frontend = BuildFrontendConfig.from_config_string(build_frontend_str)
@@ -858,6 +862,18 @@ class Options:
                     msg = f"Failed to parse build frontend. {e}"
                     raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg) from e
 
+            if self.platform == "pyodide" and build_frontend.name != "pyodide-build":
+                # pip and uv could become an error, eventually. build -> pyodide-build is
+                # probably fine to keep as a warning
+                log.warning(
+                    f"The pyodide platform ignores the {build_frontend.name!r} build "
+                    "frontend; using 'pyodide-build' instead"
+                )
+                build_frontend = BuildFrontendConfig("pyodide-build", build_frontend.args)
+            if self.platform != "pyodide" and build_frontend.name == "pyodide-build":
+                msg = "The 'pyodide-build' build frontend is only supported on the pyodide platform"
+                raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg)
+
             try:
                 environment = parse_environment(environment_config)
             except (EnvironmentParseError, ValueError) as e:
@@ -932,9 +948,11 @@ class Options:
             )
             audit_command = audit_command_str.split(" && ") if audit_command_str else []
 
-            audit_requires = self.reader.get(
-                "audit-requires", option_format=ListFormat(sep=" ")
-            ).split()
+            audit_requires = shlex.split(
+                self.reader.get(
+                    "audit-requires", option_format=ListFormat(sep=" ", quote=shlex.quote)
+                )
+            )
 
             return BuildOptions(
                 globals=self.globals,
@@ -1120,6 +1138,6 @@ def _get_pinned_container_images() -> Mapping[str, Mapping[str, str]]:
       'pypy_x86_64': {'manylinux2010': '...' }
       ... }
     """
-    all_pinned_images = configparser.ConfigParser()
+    all_pinned_images = configparser.ConfigParser(inline_comment_prefixes="#")
     all_pinned_images.read(resources.PINNED_DOCKER_IMAGES)
     return all_pinned_images

cibuildwheel/platforms/android.py

@@ -223,10 +223,6 @@ def setup_target_python(config: PythonConfiguration, build_path: Path) -> Path:
     python_dir.mkdir()
     shutil.unpack_archive(python_tgz, python_dir)
 
-    # Patch a testbed bug. This code and the patch file can both be removed once we've
-    # updated to Python versions that include the fix.
-    call("patch", "-p1", "-i", RESOURCES_ANDROID / "android.patch", cwd=python_dir)
-
     # Work around https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/138800. This can be removed
     # once we've updated to Python versions that include the fix.
     pc_path = python_dir / f"prefix/lib/pkgconfig/python-{config.version}.pc"
@@ -314,7 +310,9 @@ def setup_env(
         "wheel",
         parse_config_settings(
             prepare_config_settings(
-                build_options.config_settings, project=".", package=build_options.package_dir
+                build_options.config_settings,
+                project=Path.cwd(),
+                package=build_options.package_dir,
             )
         ),
     )
@@ -604,7 +602,7 @@ def build_wheel(state: BuildState) -> Path:
                     state.options.build_verbosity,
                     prepare_config_settings(
                         state.options.config_settings,
-                        project=".",
+                        project=Path.cwd(),
                         package=state.options.package_dir,
                     ),
                 ),
@@ -625,7 +623,7 @@ def build_wheel(state: BuildState) -> Path:
                     state.options.build_verbosity,
                     prepare_config_settings(
                         state.options.config_settings,
-                        project=".",
+                        project=Path.cwd(),
                         package=state.options.package_dir,
                     ),
                 ),

cibuildwheel/platforms/ios.py

@@ -463,6 +463,9 @@ def setup_python(
                 *constraint_flags(dependency_constraint),
                 env=env,
             )
+        case "pyodide-build":
+            msg = "The 'pyodide-build' build frontend is not supported on this platform"
+            raise errors.FatalError(msg)
         case _:
             assert_never(build_frontend)
 
@@ -556,7 +559,7 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                     build_options.build_verbosity,
                     prepare_config_settings(
                         build_options.config_settings,
-                        project=".",
+                        project=Path.cwd(),
                         package=build_options.package_dir,
                     ),
                 )
@@ -588,6 +591,9 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                             *extra_flags,
                             env=env,
                         )
+                    case "pyodide-build":
+                        msg = "The 'pyodide-build' build frontend is not supported on this platform"
+                        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
                     case _:
                         assert_never(build_frontend)
 

cibuildwheel/platforms/linux.py

@@ -360,6 +360,9 @@ def build_in_container(
                         ],
                         env=env,
                     )
+                case "pyodide-build":
+                    msg = "The 'pyodide-build' build frontend is not supported on this platform"
+                    raise errors.FatalError(msg)
                 case _:
                     assert_never(build_frontend)
 

cibuildwheel/platforms/macos.py

@@ -215,18 +215,19 @@ def install_cpython(_tmp: Path, version: str, url: str, free_threading: bool, sh
 
 
 def install_pypy(tmp: Path, url: str, sha256: str) -> Path:
-    pypy_tar_bz2 = url.rsplit("/", 1)[-1]
-    extension = ".tar.bz2"
-    assert pypy_tar_bz2.endswith(extension)
-    installation_path = CIBW_CACHE_PATH / pypy_tar_bz2[: -len(extension)]
+    pypy_archive = url.rsplit("/", 1)[-1]
+    # PyPy ships .tar.bz2 for some platforms and .tar.gz for others.
+    extension = ".tar.bz2" if pypy_archive.endswith(".tar.bz2") else ".tar.gz"
+    assert pypy_archive.endswith(extension)
+    installation_path = CIBW_CACHE_PATH / pypy_archive[: -len(extension)]
     with FileLock(str(installation_path) + ".lock"):
         if not installation_path.exists():
-            downloaded_tar_bz2 = tmp / pypy_tar_bz2
-            download(url, downloaded_tar_bz2, sha256=sha256)
+            downloaded_archive = tmp / pypy_archive
+            download(url, downloaded_archive, sha256=sha256)
             installation_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
             with remove_on_error(installation_path):
-                call("tar", "-C", installation_path.parent, "-xf", downloaded_tar_bz2)
-            downloaded_tar_bz2.unlink()
+                call("tar", "-C", installation_path.parent, "-xf", downloaded_archive)
+            downloaded_archive.unlink()
     return installation_path / "bin" / "pypy3"
 
 
@@ -449,6 +450,9 @@ def setup_python(
                 *constraint_flags(dependency_constraint),
                 env=env,
             )
+        case "pyodide-build":
+            msg = "The 'pyodide-build' build frontend is not supported on this platform"
+            raise errors.FatalError(msg)
         case _:
             assert_never(build_frontend)
 
@@ -534,7 +538,7 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                     build_options.build_verbosity,
                     prepare_config_settings(
                         build_options.config_settings,
-                        project=".",
+                        project=Path.cwd(),
                         package=build_options.package_dir,
                     ),
                 )
@@ -585,6 +589,9 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                             *extra_flags,
                             env=build_env,
                         )
+                    case "pyodide-build":
+                        msg = "The 'pyodide-build' build frontend is not supported on this platform"
+                        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
                     case _:
                         assert_never(build_frontend)
 

cibuildwheel/platforms/pyodide.py

@@ -218,6 +218,36 @@ def validate_pyodide_build_version(
         raise errors.FatalError(msg)
 
 
+def validate_pyodide_target_python(
+    xbuildenv_info: PyodideXBuildEnvInfo, python_configuration: PythonConfiguration
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Validate that the resolved Pyodide xbuildenv targets the same Python version
+    as the identifier being built.
+
+    This is to catch the case where a global ``pyodide-version`` is applied to an
+    identifier whose Python version does not match, such as setting
+    ``pyodide-version = "3Y.0.0"`` (a Python 3.Y environment) while
+    building ``cp3X-pyodide_wasm32``.
+    """
+    xbuildenv_version = xbuildenv_info["version"]
+    identifier = python_configuration.identifier
+    expected_version = python_configuration.version
+    default_version = python_configuration.default_pyodide_version
+    xbuildenv_python_minor = ".".join(xbuildenv_info["python"].split(".")[:2])
+    if xbuildenv_python_minor != expected_version:
+        msg = unwrap_preserving_paragraphs(f"""
+            The `pyodide-version` option is set to {xbuildenv_version}, which
+            provides Python {xbuildenv_python_minor}, but the {identifier} build
+            needs Python {expected_version}.
+
+            Either remove `pyodide-version` so {identifier} uses its default
+            ({default_version}), or stop building {identifier} so that
+            `pyodide-version` only applies to an identifier it matches.
+        """)
+        raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg)
+
+
 def install_xbuildenv(env: dict[str, str], xbuildenv_cache_path: Path, pyodide_version: str) -> str:
     """Install a particular Pyodide xbuildenv version and set a path to the Pyodide root."""
     pyodide_root = xbuildenv_cache_path / pyodide_version / "xbuildenv" / "pyodide-root"
@@ -337,6 +367,10 @@ def setup_python(
         xbuildenv_info=xbuildenv_info,
         pyodide_build_version=pyodide_build_version,
     )
+    validate_pyodide_target_python(
+        xbuildenv_info=xbuildenv_info,
+        python_configuration=python_configuration,
+    )
 
     xbuildenv_cache_path = CIBW_CACHE_PATH / f"pyodide-build-{pyodide_build_version}"
 
@@ -392,10 +426,6 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
             build_options = options.build_options(config.identifier)
             build_frontend = build_options.build_frontend
 
-            if build_frontend.name == "pip":
-                msg = "The pyodide platform doesn't support pip frontend"
-                raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-
             log.build_start(config.identifier)
 
             identifier_tmp_dir = tmp_path / config.identifier
@@ -459,7 +489,7 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                     build_options.build_verbosity,
                     prepare_config_settings(
                         build_options.config_settings,
-                        project=".",
+                        project=Path.cwd(),
                         package=build_options.package_dir,
                     ),
                 )

cibuildwheel/platforms/windows.py

@@ -401,6 +401,9 @@ def setup_python(
                 *constraint_flags(dependency_constraint),
                 env=env,
             )
+        case "pyodide-build":
+            msg = "The 'pyodide-build' build frontend is not supported on this platform"
+            raise errors.FatalError(msg)
         case _:
             assert_never(build_frontend)
 
@@ -489,7 +492,7 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                     build_options.build_verbosity,
                     prepare_config_settings(
                         build_options.config_settings,
-                        project=".",
+                        project=Path.cwd(),
                         package=options.globals.package_dir,
                     ),
                 )
@@ -539,6 +542,9 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                             *extra_flags,
                             env=env,
                         )
+                    case "pyodide-build":
+                        msg = "The 'pyodide-build' build frontend is not supported on this platform"
+                        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
                     case _:
                         assert_never(build_frontend)
 

cibuildwheel/resources/android/android.patch

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
---- a/android.py
-+++ b/android.py
-@@ -1021,7 +1021,7 @@ def main():
-     context = parse_args()
- 
-     # Set the CROSS_BUILD_DIR if an argument was provided
--    if context.cross_build_dir:
-+    if getattr(context, "cross_build_dir", None):
-         global CROSS_BUILD_DIR
-         CROSS_BUILD_DIR = context.cross_build_dir.resolve()
- 

cibuildwheel/resources/build-platforms.toml

@@ -153,27 +153,27 @@ python_configurations = [
   { identifier = "cp312-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.10/python-3.12.10-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "8373e58da4ea146b3eb1c1f9834f19a319440b6b679b06050b1f9ee3237aa8e4" },
   { identifier = "cp312-macosx_arm64", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.10/python-3.12.10-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "8373e58da4ea146b3eb1c1f9834f19a319440b6b679b06050b1f9ee3237aa8e4" },
   { identifier = "cp312-macosx_universal2", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.10/python-3.12.10-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "8373e58da4ea146b3eb1c1f9834f19a319440b6b679b06050b1f9ee3237aa8e4" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.13/python-3.13.13-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "a909cb655af5db67d5a90b3603437a1d58bec3446d624e4034e278ac62023cc9" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-macosx_arm64", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.13/python-3.13.13-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "a909cb655af5db67d5a90b3603437a1d58bec3446d624e4034e278ac62023cc9" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-macosx_universal2", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.13/python-3.13.13-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "a909cb655af5db67d5a90b3603437a1d58bec3446d624e4034e278ac62023cc9" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.5/python-3.14.5-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "b28a8dc33c456dd06c97024697d63ca916cfb494594c06fa3e4ef4d41fa82335" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-macosx_arm64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.5/python-3.14.5-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "b28a8dc33c456dd06c97024697d63ca916cfb494594c06fa3e4ef4d41fa82335" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-macosx_universal2", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.5/python-3.14.5-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "b28a8dc33c456dd06c97024697d63ca916cfb494594c06fa3e4ef4d41fa82335" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.5/python-3.14.5-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "b28a8dc33c456dd06c97024697d63ca916cfb494594c06fa3e4ef4d41fa82335" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-macosx_arm64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.5/python-3.14.5-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "b28a8dc33c456dd06c97024697d63ca916cfb494594c06fa3e4ef4d41fa82335" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-macosx_universal2", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.5/python-3.14.5-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "b28a8dc33c456dd06c97024697d63ca916cfb494594c06fa3e4ef4d41fa82335" },
-  { identifier = "cp315-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.15", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.15.0/python-3.15.0b2-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "29b5c95f255f846f77e1c119146836445f929de1392a3ae9ef24f559e1345418" },
-  { identifier = "cp315-macosx_arm64", version = "3.15", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.15.0/python-3.15.0b2-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "29b5c95f255f846f77e1c119146836445f929de1392a3ae9ef24f559e1345418" },
-  { identifier = "cp315-macosx_universal2", version = "3.15", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.15.0/python-3.15.0b2-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "29b5c95f255f846f77e1c119146836445f929de1392a3ae9ef24f559e1345418" },
-  { identifier = "cp315t-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.15", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.15.0/python-3.15.0b2-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "29b5c95f255f846f77e1c119146836445f929de1392a3ae9ef24f559e1345418" },
-  { identifier = "cp315t-macosx_arm64", version = "3.15", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.15.0/python-3.15.0b2-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "29b5c95f255f846f77e1c119146836445f929de1392a3ae9ef24f559e1345418" },
-  { identifier = "cp315t-macosx_universal2", version = "3.15", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.15.0/python-3.15.0b2-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "29b5c95f255f846f77e1c119146836445f929de1392a3ae9ef24f559e1345418" },
-  { identifier = "pp39-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.9", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.9-v7.3.16-macos_x86_64.tar.bz2", sha256 = "fda015431621e7e5aa16359d114f2c45a77ed936992c1efff86302e768a6b21c" },
-  { identifier = "pp39-macosx_arm64", version = "3.9", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.9-v7.3.16-macos_arm64.tar.bz2", sha256 = "88f824e7a2d676440d09bc90fc959ae0fd3557d7e2f14bfbbe53d41d159a47fe" },
-  { identifier = "pp310-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.10", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.10-v7.3.19-macos_x86_64.tar.bz2", sha256 = "2c5e5c2a33ac882551d7f28b98d19d486b8995aa50824a73b4edcc6aeec35c63" },
-  { identifier = "pp310-macosx_arm64", version = "3.10", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.10-v7.3.19-macos_arm64.tar.bz2", sha256 = "3db8a03fc496164801646844d7f3b12baa0adb3ad9a0b7cb124521bc2e168a36" },
-  { identifier = "pp311-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.11", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.11-v7.3.23-macos_x86_64.tar.bz2", sha256 = "c95363c4e87235d11a6cec8128239c291b1eb67a752778fbcfe029a71da82b5e" },
-  { identifier = "pp311-macosx_arm64", version = "3.11", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.11-v7.3.23-macos_arm64.tar.bz2", sha256 = "4747b3aceba4c1c6104cddc0fe5ea302101d32955f0957347b9ecc4fbd7aed05" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.14/python-3.13.14-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "8e58affb218c155a1dfdc27b291f817129669f8760e7a297adb2e4439ba5d2e8" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-macosx_arm64", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.14/python-3.13.14-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "8e58affb218c155a1dfdc27b291f817129669f8760e7a297adb2e4439ba5d2e8" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-macosx_universal2", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.14/python-3.13.14-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "8e58affb218c155a1dfdc27b291f817129669f8760e7a297adb2e4439ba5d2e8" },
+  { identifier = "cp314-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.6/python-3.14.6-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "d3c9fff52214847e4fab03e9eaf53dd2a8e51e3534aa0b61f201b749f86bef28" },
+  { identifier = "cp314-macosx_arm64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.6/python-3.14.6-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "d3c9fff52214847e4fab03e9eaf53dd2a8e51e3534aa0b61f201b749f86bef28" },
+  { identifier = "cp314-macosx_universal2", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.6/python-3.14.6-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "d3c9fff52214847e4fab03e9eaf53dd2a8e51e3534aa0b61f201b749f86bef28" },
+  { identifier = "cp314t-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.6/python-3.14.6-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "d3c9fff52214847e4fab03e9eaf53dd2a8e51e3534aa0b61f201b749f86bef28" },
+  { identifier = "cp314t-macosx_arm64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.6/python-3.14.6-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "d3c9fff52214847e4fab03e9eaf53dd2a8e51e3534aa0b61f201b749f86bef28" },
+  { identifier = "cp314t-macosx_universal2", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.6/python-3.14.6-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "d3c9fff52214847e4fab03e9eaf53dd2a8e51e3534aa0b61f201b749f86bef28" },
+  { identifier = "cp315-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.15", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.15.0/python-3.15.0b4-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "6f1ed07cc92ed6e694b38b29d929a4e55190532fddb3828afe68d07cd4bf4aff" },
+  { identifier = "cp315-macosx_arm64", version = "3.15", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.15.0/python-3.15.0b4-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "6f1ed07cc92ed6e694b38b29d929a4e55190532fddb3828afe68d07cd4bf4aff" },
+  { identifier = "cp315-macosx_universal2", version = "3.15", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.15.0/python-3.15.0b4-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "6f1ed07cc92ed6e694b38b29d929a4e55190532fddb3828afe68d07cd4bf4aff" },
+  { identifier = "cp315t-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.15", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.15.0/python-3.15.0b4-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "6f1ed07cc92ed6e694b38b29d929a4e55190532fddb3828afe68d07cd4bf4aff" },
+  { identifier = "cp315t-macosx_arm64", version = "3.15", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.15.0/python-3.15.0b4-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "6f1ed07cc92ed6e694b38b29d929a4e55190532fddb3828afe68d07cd4bf4aff" },
+  { identifier = "cp315t-macosx_universal2", version = "3.15", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.15.0/python-3.15.0b4-macos11.pkg", sha256 = "6f1ed07cc92ed6e694b38b29d929a4e55190532fddb3828afe68d07cd4bf4aff" },
+  { identifier = "pp39-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.9", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.9-v7.3.16-macos_x86_64.tar.gz", sha256 = "7ea762a1b0af7545a74cd4260bb3fd2812813deffef2ef8d2fddd5e03fa63ef1" },
+  { identifier = "pp39-macosx_arm64", version = "3.9", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.9-v7.3.16-macos_arm64.tar.gz", sha256 = "b09ce3a865c1c0f4e58c0ee4f70511f1b27dfc1f7148f4b6060cfdfd581c9e82" },
+  { identifier = "pp310-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.10", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.10-v7.3.19-macos_x86_64.tar.gz", sha256 = "63f9d30cdd9e47cfe279be941975ac3d24e46c79756cd1d1bd2c551c27d8b32c" },
+  { identifier = "pp310-macosx_arm64", version = "3.10", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.10-v7.3.19-macos_arm64.tar.gz", sha256 = "72a74cf645e43608f7d88831581fb0f8e1f963fb38f0793bacd37d5018a9aeb8" },
+  { identifier = "pp311-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.11", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.11-v7.3.23-macos_x86_64.tar.gz", sha256 = "798279b0f233893ae22754290aedf35a1aea1ec9013a8ad8110f166d85944c91" },
+  { identifier = "pp311-macosx_arm64", version = "3.11", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.11-v7.3.23-macos_arm64.tar.gz", sha256 = "f837b3c203d60d7e25a31e267671a07ba0c9b9ac8081ad225571fb06fccf1b7b" },
   { identifier = "gp312_250-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.12", url = "https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/releases/download/graal-25.0.1/graalpy-25.0.1-macos-amd64.tar.gz", sha256 = "10b0721d52397f0cc85f038900318da2203711cbcfae7899e3faed49d3dc6221" },
   { identifier = "gp312_250-macosx_arm64", version = "3.12", url = "https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/releases/download/graal-25.0.3/graalpy-25.0.3-macos-aarch64.tar.gz", sha256 = "387d9f5b376860842bea4d55aae5820974f3f3b68fc36c77ae863a061a888857" },
 ]
@@ -188,25 +188,25 @@ python_configurations = [
   { identifier = "cp311-win_amd64", version = "3.11.9" },
   { identifier = "cp312-win32", version = "3.12.10" },
   { identifier = "cp312-win_amd64", version = "3.12.10" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-win32", version = "3.13.13" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-win_amd64", version = "3.13.13" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-win32", version = "3.14.5" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-win32", version = "3.14.5" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-win_amd64", version = "3.14.5" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-win_amd64", version = "3.14.5" },
-  { identifier = "cp315-win32", version = "3.15.0-b2" },
-  { identifier = "cp315t-win32", version = "3.15.0-b2" },
-  { identifier = "cp315-win_amd64", version = "3.15.0-b2" },
-  { identifier = "cp315t-win_amd64", version = "3.15.0-b2" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-win32", version = "3.13.14" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-win_amd64", version = "3.13.14" },
+  { identifier = "cp314-win32", version = "3.14.6" },
+  { identifier = "cp314t-win32", version = "3.14.6" },
+  { identifier = "cp314-win_amd64", version = "3.14.6" },
+  { identifier = "cp314t-win_amd64", version = "3.14.6" },
+  { identifier = "cp315-win32", version = "3.15.0-b4" },
+  { identifier = "cp315t-win32", version = "3.15.0-b4" },
+  { identifier = "cp315-win_amd64", version = "3.15.0-b4" },
+  { identifier = "cp315t-win_amd64", version = "3.15.0-b4" },
   { identifier = "cp39-win_arm64", version = "3.9.10" },
   { identifier = "cp310-win_arm64", version = "3.10.11" },
   { identifier = "cp311-win_arm64", version = "3.11.9" },
   { identifier = "cp312-win_arm64", version = "3.12.10" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-win_arm64", version = "3.13.13" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-win_arm64", version = "3.14.5" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-win_arm64", version = "3.14.5" },
-  { identifier = "cp315-win_arm64", version = "3.15.0-b2" },
-  { identifier = "cp315t-win_arm64", version = "3.15.0-b2" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-win_arm64", version = "3.13.14" },
+  { identifier = "cp314-win_arm64", version = "3.14.6" },
+  { identifier = "cp314t-win_arm64", version = "3.14.6" },
+  { identifier = "cp315-win_arm64", version = "3.15.0-b4" },
+  { identifier = "cp315t-win_arm64", version = "3.15.0-b4" },
   { identifier = "pp39-win_amd64", version = "3.9", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.9-v7.3.16-win64.zip", sha256 = "06ec12a5e964dc0ad33e6f380185a4d295178dce6d6df512f508e7aee00a1323" },
   { identifier = "pp310-win_amd64", version = "3.10", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.10-v7.3.19-win64.zip", sha256 = "c0d07bba6c8fb4e5804f4a8b3f8ef07cc3d89f6ad1db42a45ffb9be60bbb7cc2" },
   { identifier = "pp311-win_amd64", version = "3.11", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.11-v7.3.23-win64.zip", sha256 = "948b8ea58dea5b9917210fe4afd242c788fbfaba1c3f1a25e696a404f703389a" },
@@ -217,28 +217,28 @@ python_configurations = [
 python_configurations = [
   { identifier = "cp312-pyodide_wasm32", version = "3.12", default_pyodide_version = "0.27.7", node_version = "v22", sha256 = "0c2e7db42efa5d1dac38b50f8b3d659a1e3885d0a233494831b8206281307d52" },
   { identifier = "cp313-pyodide_wasm32", version = "3.13", default_pyodide_version = "0.29.4", node_version = "v22", sha256 = "a29fc4a076408a18fc29eb4b280f80c6dddc95c19514c874c29e590d0931c02a" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-pyodide_wasm32", version = "3.14", default_pyodide_version = "314.0.0", node_version = "v24", sha256 = "6e76cf18251bd7d046bdb7ef35c9f938c8e995f10d88397497ca4b7020f27ba6" },
+  { identifier = "cp314-pyodide_wasm32", version = "3.14", default_pyodide_version = "314.0.2", node_version = "v24", sha256 = "01ab1b229bf2031603bf20ad4ceb9c1059ba680b26df7bda2db4748906dfd78a" },
 ]
 
 [android]
 python_configurations = [
-  { identifier = "cp313-android_arm64_v8a", version = "3.13", url = "https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/chaquo/python/python/3.13.13/python-3.13.13-aarch64-linux-android.tar.gz", sha256 = "a21250c246b36eb704be096be51e40ab24cafa3ae1d7ca4c396e6bf780cf87cf" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-android_x86_64", version = "3.13", url = "https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/chaquo/python/python/3.13.13/python-3.13.13-x86_64-linux-android.tar.gz", sha256 = "b021b76df2c8d64e41c76d18a2d91f27652356bd932c06f9076bac1b664c0e37" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-android_arm64_v8a", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.5/python-3.14.5-aarch64-linux-android.tar.gz", sha256 = "f008321abf837fcaec569df143283ece0e764b18d8c75763200160553f906af1" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-android_x86_64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.5/python-3.14.5-x86_64-linux-android.tar.gz", sha256 = "36184e31464b2b959d92c81ded8d025834342cc080623bced282a2a9a57bd47c" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-android_arm64_v8a", version = "3.13", url = "https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/chaquo/python/python/3.13.14/python-3.13.14-aarch64-linux-android.tar.gz", sha256 = "2541c4fa77b6543504c97fa90a71c745225b5800fe25bc8c73a6516b594d0cbc" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-android_x86_64", version = "3.13", url = "https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/chaquo/python/python/3.13.14/python-3.13.14-x86_64-linux-android.tar.gz", sha256 = "9d96f7e077677b6651b2e756034ed41ab4479f5f8bf3168a814f458bc2ac137e" },
+  { identifier = "cp314-android_arm64_v8a", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.6/python-3.14.6-aarch64-linux-android.tar.gz", sha256 = "38bbe77d3167b5cd554e03b1021324926f09f3825202b065951dd7638e9c37e5" },
+  { identifier = "cp314-android_x86_64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.6/python-3.14.6-x86_64-linux-android.tar.gz", sha256 = "e04eb26607627e68d148f89de793372f54a345c91b13628567f24abcdd3bfa3e" },
   { identifier = "cp315-android_arm64_v8a", version = "3.15", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.15.0/python-3.15.0b2-aarch64-linux-android.tar.gz", sha256 = "de5e36ffc3c33b63a1ed53fe83db4dee16b003a3180ac35e5c4c203d3750e076" },
   { identifier = "cp315-android_x86_64", version = "3.15", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.15.0/python-3.15.0b2-x86_64-linux-android.tar.gz", sha256 = "e05ef9c142ea83b41b194b16014ffe2249d27783313c3b00b97f6c93d9a56b92" },
 ]
 
 [ios]
 python_configurations = [
-  { identifier = "cp313-ios_arm64_iphoneos", version = "3.13", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.13-b13/Python-3.13-iOS-support.b13.tar.gz", sha256 = "d1f95f95137a4b91dc0cbe9b99ddfc0a78918dde883c7fbe7147074a5e715274" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-ios_x86_64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.13", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.13-b13/Python-3.13-iOS-support.b13.tar.gz", sha256 = "d1f95f95137a4b91dc0cbe9b99ddfc0a78918dde883c7fbe7147074a5e715274" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-ios_arm64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.13", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.13-b13/Python-3.13-iOS-support.b13.tar.gz", sha256 = "d1f95f95137a4b91dc0cbe9b99ddfc0a78918dde883c7fbe7147074a5e715274" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-ios_arm64_iphoneos", version = "3.14", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.14-b9/Python-3.14-iOS-support.b9.tar.gz", sha256 = "8e4123b543bf17fdae2e2c6c033434487752438431014eb12e6d833aa35927a8" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-ios_x86_64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.14", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.14-b9/Python-3.14-iOS-support.b9.tar.gz", sha256 = "8e4123b543bf17fdae2e2c6c033434487752438431014eb12e6d833aa35927a8" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-ios_arm64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.14", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.14-b9/Python-3.14-iOS-support.b9.tar.gz", sha256 = "8e4123b543bf17fdae2e2c6c033434487752438431014eb12e6d833aa35927a8" },
-  { identifier = "cp315-ios_arm64_iphoneos", version = "3.15", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.15.0/python-3.15.0b2-iOS-XCframework.tar.gz", sha256 = "fd6b6fb8f82cf44622d28ea53b8197c89fb06505557d29d4d7a47f9386c1c896" },
-  { identifier = "cp315-ios_x86_64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.15", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.15.0/python-3.15.0b2-iOS-XCframework.tar.gz", sha256 = "fd6b6fb8f82cf44622d28ea53b8197c89fb06505557d29d4d7a47f9386c1c896" },
-  { identifier = "cp315-ios_arm64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.15", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.15.0/python-3.15.0b2-iOS-XCframework.tar.gz", sha256 = "fd6b6fb8f82cf44622d28ea53b8197c89fb06505557d29d4d7a47f9386c1c896" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-ios_arm64_iphoneos", version = "3.13", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.13-b14/Python-3.13-iOS-support.b14.tar.gz", sha256 = "8b5cb76ef8d8a2946052479358eeec9d54b4496cb60920e175ec1489b5cf7963" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-ios_x86_64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.13", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.13-b14/Python-3.13-iOS-support.b14.tar.gz", sha256 = "8b5cb76ef8d8a2946052479358eeec9d54b4496cb60920e175ec1489b5cf7963" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-ios_arm64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.13", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.13-b14/Python-3.13-iOS-support.b14.tar.gz", sha256 = "8b5cb76ef8d8a2946052479358eeec9d54b4496cb60920e175ec1489b5cf7963" },
+  { identifier = "cp314-ios_arm64_iphoneos", version = "3.14", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.14-b10/Python-3.14-iOS-support.b10.tar.gz", sha256 = "200ef60eb67be0483ceb638daa9048f84f41a9a952707a5ad4c3198037c7b583" },
+  { identifier = "cp314-ios_x86_64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.14", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.14-b10/Python-3.14-iOS-support.b10.tar.gz", sha256 = "200ef60eb67be0483ceb638daa9048f84f41a9a952707a5ad4c3198037c7b583" },
+  { identifier = "cp314-ios_arm64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.14", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.14-b10/Python-3.14-iOS-support.b10.tar.gz", sha256 = "200ef60eb67be0483ceb638daa9048f84f41a9a952707a5ad4c3198037c7b583" },
+  { identifier = "cp315-ios_arm64_iphoneos", version = "3.15", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.15.0/python-3.15.0b4-iOS-XCframework.tar.gz", sha256 = "dbf1095502e0b4a0dc2a4d96ae1b1d92ee8c0b7bea773862f7124ede0017e3dc" },
+  { identifier = "cp315-ios_x86_64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.15", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.15.0/python-3.15.0b4-iOS-XCframework.tar.gz", sha256 = "dbf1095502e0b4a0dc2a4d96ae1b1d92ee8c0b7bea773862f7124ede0017e3dc" },
+  { identifier = "cp315-ios_arm64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.15", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.15.0/python-3.15.0b4-iOS-XCframework.tar.gz", sha256 = "dbf1095502e0b4a0dc2a4d96ae1b1d92ee8c0b7bea773862f7124ede0017e3dc" },
 ]

cibuildwheel/resources/cibuildwheel.schema.json

@@ -1203,7 +1203,40 @@
           "$ref": "#/properties/before-test"
         },
         "build-frontend": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/build-frontend"
+          "default": "pyodide-build",
+          "description": "On the pyodide platform, the build frontend must be \"pyodide-build\"",
+          "oneOf": [
+            {
+              "enum": [
+                "pyodide-build"
+              ]
+            },
+            {
+              "type": "string",
+              "pattern": "^pyodide-build; ?args:"
+            },
+            {
+              "type": "object",
+              "additionalProperties": false,
+              "required": [
+                "name"
+              ],
+              "properties": {
+                "name": {
+                  "enum": [
+                    "pyodide-build"
+                  ]
+                },
+                "args": {
+                  "type": "array",
+                  "items": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "title": "CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND"
         },
         "build-verbosity": {
           "$ref": "#/properties/build-verbosity"

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-pyodide312.txt

@@ -8,18 +8,18 @@ build==1.5.0
     # via
     #   -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
     #   pyodide-build
-certifi==2026.5.20
+certifi==2026.6.17
     # via requests
-charset-normalizer==3.4.7
+charset-normalizer==3.4.9
     # via requests
 click==8.1.8
     # via
     #   -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
     #   pyodide-build
     #   pyodide-cli
-distlib==0.4.1
+distlib==0.4.3
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.29.1
+filelock==3.31.1
     # via
     #   python-discovery
     #   virtualenv
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ packaging==26.2
     #   wheel
 pip==26.1.2
     # via -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
-platformdirs==4.10.0
+platformdirs==4.10.1
     # via
     #   pyodide-build
     #   python-discovery
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ pydantic-core==2.46.4
     # via pydantic
 pygments==2.20.0
     # via rich
-pyodide-build==0.35.0
+pyodide-build==0.36.0
     # via -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
 pyodide-cli==0.5.0
     # via
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ pyodide-lock==0.1.3
     # via pyodide-build
 pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
-python-discovery==1.4.0
+python-discovery==1.4.4
     # via virtualenv
 requests==2.34.2
     # via pyodide-build
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ rich==15.0.0
     #   pyodide-cli
 ruamel-yaml==0.19.1
     # via pyodide-build
-typing-extensions==4.15.0
+typing-extensions==4.16.0
     # via
     #   pydantic
     #   pydantic-core
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ typing-inspection==0.4.2
     # via pydantic
 urllib3==2.7.0
     # via requests
-virtualenv==21.4.2
+virtualenv==21.6.1
     # via
     #   build
     #   pyodide-build

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-pyodide313.txt

@@ -8,18 +8,18 @@ build==1.5.0
     # via
     #   -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
     #   pyodide-build
-certifi==2026.5.20
+certifi==2026.6.17
     # via requests
-charset-normalizer==3.4.7
+charset-normalizer==3.4.9
     # via requests
 click==8.1.8
     # via
     #   -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
     #   pyodide-build
     #   pyodide-cli
-distlib==0.4.1
+distlib==0.4.3
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.29.1
+filelock==3.31.1
     # via
     #   python-discovery
     #   virtualenv
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ packaging==26.2
     #   wheel
 pip==26.1.2
     # via -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
-platformdirs==4.10.0
+platformdirs==4.10.1
     # via
     #   pyodide-build
     #   python-discovery
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ pydantic-core==2.46.4
     # via pydantic
 pygments==2.20.0
     # via rich
-pyodide-build==0.35.0
+pyodide-build==0.36.0
     # via -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
 pyodide-cli==0.5.0
     # via
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ pyodide-lock==0.1.3
     # via pyodide-build
 pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
-python-discovery==1.4.0
+python-discovery==1.4.4
     # via virtualenv
 requests==2.34.2
     # via pyodide-build
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ rich==15.0.0
     #   pyodide-cli
 ruamel-yaml==0.19.1
     # via pyodide-build
-typing-extensions==4.15.0
+typing-extensions==4.16.0
     # via
     #   pydantic
     #   pydantic-core
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ typing-inspection==0.4.2
     # via pydantic
 urllib3==2.7.0
     # via requests
-virtualenv==21.4.2
+virtualenv==21.6.1
     # via
     #   build
     #   pyodide-build

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-pyodide314.txt

@@ -8,18 +8,18 @@ build==1.5.0
     # via
     #   -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
     #   pyodide-build
-certifi==2026.5.20
+certifi==2026.6.17
     # via requests
-charset-normalizer==3.4.7
+charset-normalizer==3.4.9
     # via requests
 click==8.1.8
     # via
     #   -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
     #   pyodide-build
     #   pyodide-cli
-distlib==0.4.1
+distlib==0.4.3
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.29.1
+filelock==3.31.1
     # via
     #   python-discovery
     #   virtualenv
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ packaging==26.2
     #   wheel
 pip==26.1.2
     # via -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
-platformdirs==4.10.0
+platformdirs==4.10.1
     # via
     #   pyodide-build
     #   python-discovery
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ pydantic-core==2.46.4
     # via pydantic
 pygments==2.20.0
     # via rich
-pyodide-build==0.35.0
+pyodide-build==0.36.0
     # via -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
 pyodide-cli==0.5.0
     # via
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ pyodide-lock==0.1.3
     # via pyodide-build
 pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
-python-discovery==1.4.0
+python-discovery==1.4.4
     # via virtualenv
 requests==2.34.2
     # via pyodide-build
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ rich==15.0.0
     #   pyodide-cli
 ruamel-yaml==0.19.1
     # via pyodide-build
-typing-extensions==4.15.0
+typing-extensions==4.16.0
     # via
     #   pydantic
     #   pydantic-core
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ typing-inspection==0.4.2
     # via pydantic
 urllib3==2.7.0
     # via requests
-virtualenv==21.4.2
+virtualenv==21.6.1
     # via
     #   build
     #   pyodide-build

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python310.txt

@@ -16,19 +16,19 @@ build==1.5.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 cattrs==26.1.0
     # via requests-cache
-certifi==2026.5.20
+certifi==2026.6.17
     # via requests
-charset-normalizer==3.4.7
+charset-normalizer==3.4.9
     # via requests
 delocate==0.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 delvewheel==1.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.4.1
+distlib==0.4.3
     # via virtualenv
 exceptiongroup==1.3.1
     # via cattrs
-filelock==3.29.1
+filelock==3.31.1
     # via
     #   python-discovery
     #   virtualenv
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@ pefile==2024.8.26
     #   delvewheel
 pip==26.1.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-pkgconf==2.5.1.post2
+pkgconf==3.0.1.post0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-platformdirs==4.10.0
+platformdirs==4.10.1
     # via
     #   python-discovery
     #   requests-cache
@@ -75,19 +75,19 @@ pygments==2.20.0
     # via rich
 pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
-python-discovery==1.4.0
+python-discovery==1.4.4
     # via virtualenv
 requests==2.34.2
     # via
     #   abi3audit
     #   requests-cache
-requests-cache==1.3.2
+requests-cache==1.3.3
     # via abi3audit
 rich==15.0.0
     # via abi3audit
 tomli==2.4.1
     # via build
-typing-extensions==4.15.0
+typing-extensions==4.16.0
     # via
     #   cattrs
     #   delocate
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ urllib3==2.7.0
     # via
     #   requests
     #   requests-cache
-virtualenv==21.4.2
+virtualenv==21.6.1
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 zipp==4.1.0
     # via importlib-metadata

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python311.txt

@@ -16,17 +16,17 @@ build==1.5.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 cattrs==26.1.0
     # via requests-cache
-certifi==2026.5.20
+certifi==2026.6.17
     # via requests
-charset-normalizer==3.4.7
+charset-normalizer==3.4.9
     # via requests
 delocate==0.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 delvewheel==1.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.4.1
+distlib==0.4.3
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.29.1
+filelock==3.31.1
     # via
     #   python-discovery
     #   virtualenv
@@ -54,12 +54,11 @@ pefile==2024.8.26
     # via
     #   abi3audit
     #   delvewheel
-pip==26.1.2; implementation_name != "graalpy" or platform_system != "Windows"
-pip==26.0.1; implementation_name == "graalpy" and platform_system == "Windows"
+pip==26.1.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-pkgconf==2.5.1.post2
+pkgconf==3.0.1.post0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-platformdirs==4.10.0
+platformdirs==4.10.1
     # via
     #   python-discovery
     #   requests-cache
@@ -72,17 +71,17 @@ pygments==2.20.0
     # via rich
 pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
-python-discovery==1.4.0
+python-discovery==1.4.4
     # via virtualenv
 requests==2.34.2
     # via
     #   abi3audit
     #   requests-cache
-requests-cache==1.3.2
+requests-cache==1.3.3
     # via abi3audit
 rich==15.0.0
     # via abi3audit
-typing-extensions==4.15.0
+typing-extensions==4.16.0
     # via
     #   cattrs
     #   delocate
@@ -92,5 +91,5 @@ urllib3==2.7.0
     # via
     #   requests
     #   requests-cache
-virtualenv==21.4.2
+virtualenv==21.6.1
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python312.txt

@@ -16,17 +16,18 @@ build==1.5.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 cattrs==26.1.0
     # via requests-cache
-certifi==2026.5.20
+certifi==2026.6.17
     # via requests
-charset-normalizer==3.4.7
+charset-normalizer==3.4.9
     # via requests
 delocate==0.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 delvewheel==1.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.4.1
+distlib==0.4.3
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.29.1
+filelock==3.31.1; implementation_name != "graalpy"
+filelock==3.29.7; implementation_name == "graalpy"
     # via
     #   python-discovery
     #   virtualenv
@@ -57,9 +58,9 @@ pefile==2024.8.26
 pip==26.1.2; implementation_name != "graalpy" or platform_system != "Windows"
 pip==26.0.1; implementation_name == "graalpy" and platform_system == "Windows"
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-pkgconf==2.5.1.post2
+pkgconf==3.0.1.post0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-platformdirs==4.10.0
+platformdirs==4.10.1
     # via
     #   python-discovery
     #   requests-cache
@@ -72,17 +73,17 @@ pygments==2.20.0
     # via rich
 pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
-python-discovery==1.4.0
+python-discovery==1.4.4
     # via virtualenv
 requests==2.34.2
     # via
     #   abi3audit
     #   requests-cache
-requests-cache==1.3.2
+requests-cache==1.3.3
     # via abi3audit
 rich==15.0.0
     # via abi3audit
-typing-extensions==4.15.0
+typing-extensions==4.16.0
     # via
     #   cattrs
     #   delocate
@@ -92,5 +93,5 @@ urllib3==2.7.0
     # via
     #   requests
     #   requests-cache
-virtualenv==21.4.2
+virtualenv==21.6.1
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python313.txt

@@ -16,17 +16,17 @@ build==1.5.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 cattrs==26.1.0
     # via requests-cache
-certifi==2026.5.20
+certifi==2026.6.17
     # via requests
-charset-normalizer==3.4.7
+charset-normalizer==3.4.9
     # via requests
 delocate==0.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 delvewheel==1.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.4.1
+distlib==0.4.3
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.29.1
+filelock==3.31.1
     # via
     #   python-discovery
     #   virtualenv
@@ -56,9 +56,9 @@ pefile==2024.8.26
     #   delvewheel
 pip==26.1.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-pkgconf==2.5.1.post2
+pkgconf==3.0.1.post0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-platformdirs==4.10.0
+platformdirs==4.10.1
     # via
     #   python-discovery
     #   requests-cache
@@ -71,17 +71,17 @@ pygments==2.20.0
     # via rich
 pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
-python-discovery==1.4.0
+python-discovery==1.4.4
     # via virtualenv
 requests==2.34.2
     # via
     #   abi3audit
     #   requests-cache
-requests-cache==1.3.2
+requests-cache==1.3.3
     # via abi3audit
 rich==15.0.0
     # via abi3audit
-typing-extensions==4.15.0
+typing-extensions==4.16.0
     # via
     #   cattrs
     #   delocate
@@ -91,5 +91,5 @@ urllib3==2.7.0
     # via
     #   requests
     #   requests-cache
-virtualenv==21.4.2
+virtualenv==21.6.1
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python314.txt

@@ -16,17 +16,17 @@ build==1.5.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 cattrs==26.1.0
     # via requests-cache
-certifi==2026.5.20
+certifi==2026.6.17
     # via requests
-charset-normalizer==3.4.7
+charset-normalizer==3.4.9
     # via requests
 delocate==0.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 delvewheel==1.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.4.1
+distlib==0.4.3
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.29.1
+filelock==3.31.1
     # via
     #   python-discovery
     #   virtualenv
@@ -56,9 +56,9 @@ pefile==2024.8.26
     #   delvewheel
 pip==26.1.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-pkgconf==2.5.1.post2
+pkgconf==3.0.1.post0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-platformdirs==4.10.0
+platformdirs==4.10.1
     # via
     #   python-discovery
     #   requests-cache
@@ -71,17 +71,17 @@ pygments==2.20.0
     # via rich
 pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
-python-discovery==1.4.0
+python-discovery==1.4.4
     # via virtualenv
 requests==2.34.2
     # via
     #   abi3audit
     #   requests-cache
-requests-cache==1.3.2
+requests-cache==1.3.3
     # via abi3audit
 rich==15.0.0
     # via abi3audit
-typing-extensions==4.15.0
+typing-extensions==4.16.0
     # via
     #   cattrs
     #   delocate
@@ -91,5 +91,5 @@ urllib3==2.7.0
     # via
     #   requests
     #   requests-cache
-virtualenv==21.4.2
+virtualenv==21.6.1
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python315.txt

@@ -16,17 +16,17 @@ build==1.5.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 cattrs==26.1.0
     # via requests-cache
-certifi==2026.5.20
+certifi==2026.6.17
     # via requests
-charset-normalizer==3.4.7
+charset-normalizer==3.4.9
     # via requests
 delocate==0.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 delvewheel==1.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.4.1
+distlib==0.4.3
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.29.1
+filelock==3.31.1
     # via
     #   python-discovery
     #   virtualenv
@@ -56,9 +56,9 @@ pefile==2024.8.26
     #   delvewheel
 pip==26.1.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-pkgconf==2.5.1.post2
+pkgconf==3.0.1.post0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-platformdirs==4.10.0
+platformdirs==4.10.1
     # via
     #   python-discovery
     #   requests-cache
@@ -71,17 +71,17 @@ pygments==2.20.0
     # via rich
 pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
-python-discovery==1.4.0
+python-discovery==1.4.4
     # via virtualenv
 requests==2.34.2
     # via
     #   abi3audit
     #   requests-cache
-requests-cache==1.3.2
+requests-cache==1.3.3
     # via abi3audit
 rich==15.0.0
     # via abi3audit
-typing-extensions==4.15.0
+typing-extensions==4.16.0
     # via
     #   cattrs
     #   delocate
@@ -91,5 +91,5 @@ urllib3==2.7.0
     # via
     #   requests
     #   requests-cache
-virtualenv==21.4.2
+virtualenv==21.6.1
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python39.txt

@@ -16,15 +16,15 @@ build==1.4.4
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 cattrs==25.3.0
     # via requests-cache
-certifi==2026.5.20
+certifi==2026.6.17
     # via requests
-charset-normalizer==3.4.7
+charset-normalizer==3.4.9
     # via requests
 delocate==0.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 delvewheel==1.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.4.1
+distlib==0.4.3
     # via virtualenv
 exceptiongroup==1.3.1
     # via cattrs
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ pygments==2.20.0
     # via rich
 pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
-python-discovery==1.4.0
+python-discovery==1.4.4
     # via virtualenv
 requests==2.32.5
     # via
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ rich==14.2.0
     # via abi3audit
 tomli==2.4.1
     # via build
-typing-extensions==4.15.0
+typing-extensions==4.16.0
     # via
     #   cattrs
     #   delocate
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ urllib3==2.6.3
     # via
     #   requests
     #   requests-cache
-virtualenv==21.4.2
+virtualenv==21.6.1
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 zipp==3.23.1
     # via importlib-metadata

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.txt

@@ -16,17 +16,17 @@ build==1.5.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 cattrs==26.1.0
     # via requests-cache
-certifi==2026.5.20
+certifi==2026.6.17
     # via requests
-charset-normalizer==3.4.7
+charset-normalizer==3.4.9
     # via requests
 delocate==0.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 delvewheel==1.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.4.1
+distlib==0.4.3
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.29.1
+filelock==3.31.1
     # via
     #   python-discovery
     #   virtualenv
@@ -56,9 +56,9 @@ pefile==2024.8.26
     #   delvewheel
 pip==26.1.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-pkgconf==2.5.1.post2
+pkgconf==3.0.1.post0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-platformdirs==4.10.0
+platformdirs==4.10.1
     # via
     #   python-discovery
     #   requests-cache
@@ -71,17 +71,17 @@ pygments==2.20.0
     # via rich
 pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
-python-discovery==1.4.0
+python-discovery==1.4.4
     # via virtualenv
 requests==2.34.2
     # via
     #   abi3audit
     #   requests-cache
-requests-cache==1.3.2
+requests-cache==1.3.3
     # via abi3audit
 rich==15.0.0
     # via abi3audit
-typing-extensions==4.15.0
+typing-extensions==4.16.0
     # via
     #   cattrs
     #   delocate
@@ -91,5 +91,5 @@ urllib3==2.7.0
     # via
     #   requests
     #   requests-cache
-virtualenv==21.4.2
+virtualenv==21.6.1
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/defaults.toml

@@ -79,3 +79,4 @@ repair-wheel-command = "auditwheel repair --ldpaths {ldpaths} -w {dest_dir} {whe
 
 [tool.cibuildwheel.pyodide]
 audit-command = ""
+build-frontend = "pyodide-build"

cibuildwheel/resources/nodejs.toml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 url = "https://nodejs.org/dist/"
-v24 = "v24.16.0"
-v22 = "v22.22.3"
+v24 = "v24.18.0"
+v22 = "v22.23.1"
 v20 = "v20.20.2"

cibuildwheel/resources/pinned_docker_images.cfg

@@ -1,54 +1,54 @@
 [x86_64]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2026.06.04-1
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:2026.06.04-1
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_x86_64:2026.06.04-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_x86_64:2026.06.04-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64@sha256:0d25b049964b2549b83384036abdff06789a8c0b1e9ff003ec80f0d531f79e50  # 2026.07.19-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64@sha256:a61875a2f84cab7df8de222ff12cabc08ff86eb4ad402ac90ba7bdaed9600cca  # 2026.07.19-1
+manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_x86_64@sha256:b6e1f264da7bf4e8db3e6a625ea1ecaf1e52290253df8588f71e4a9e50a85a17  # 2026.07.19-1
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_x86_64@sha256:fd0694e23637ae8d13433c58f647aba1aae5de4fd50350201307be453a8b2ff4  # 2026.07.19-1
 
 [i686]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2026.06.04-1
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_i686:2026.06.04-1
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_i686:2026.06.04-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_i686:2026.06.04-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686@sha256:9833ed0665e4bd2aceeda6f7ea81b69c75a941464b659edf62c98aa63526d1ba  # 2026.07.19-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_i686@sha256:3a4de216ae551c1cbb8f93d4bbf9faebe7fb16a67afa3380b9a3ed2cc7b80fcf  # 2026.07.19-1
+manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_i686@sha256:1fc55618156152a6570991a6ee81038fd507b48c41cbdede495931146b074869  # 2026.07.19-1
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_i686@sha256:a85be8fc5aa7fa291b8bee5647469d3d48dd26600cc7295553ff47ca60906ff2  # 2026.07.19-1
 
 [aarch64]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2026.06.04-1
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64:2026.06.04-1
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_aarch64:2026.06.04-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_aarch64:2026.06.04-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64@sha256:ae34a6ceeefe0b535c525b2e96f297311c8f1e01cfd8b9be5f647eece5b5c60b  # 2026.07.19-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64@sha256:162c81dfd3efc710732a571717d3c916a6945ebf279e879ddee3243af96fe46f  # 2026.07.19-1
+manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_aarch64@sha256:ae032906c631ad572a91bcc9545023d327822912957ae85a57c85181836662b6  # 2026.07.19-1
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_aarch64@sha256:e6ac3eca5f7d2cd5b8267b94b65d9a693e7ba06f5ba4c6643b1b0e6f9ae2cde3  # 2026.07.19-1
 
 [ppc64le]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_ppc64le:2026.06.04-1
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_ppc64le:2026.06.04-1
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_ppc64le:2026.06.04-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_ppc64le:2026.06.04-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_ppc64le@sha256:7e311ceece0fd3faa54a8539fb0b7906ee2ac068ecc39095e48ed1097312eaa0  # 2026.07.19-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_ppc64le@sha256:32ec597dd87e27980750115a6c020cae54fd17386e18d86d695e35e6b3a3e0da  # 2026.07.19-1
+manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_ppc64le@sha256:7f649dea6f31fbc4ca6d665e78e87a192b55e739c44ed9965129956be77c4e3d  # 2026.07.19-1
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_ppc64le@sha256:d59ad21615cf5b83cc9046cf7c44d07e8ef1247333e8a72147d7c781008605c1  # 2026.07.19-1
 
 [s390x]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_s390x:2026.06.04-1
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_s390x:2026.06.04-1
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_s390x:2026.06.04-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_s390x:2026.06.04-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_s390x@sha256:e392818123219665c259c9a5e389cecd978918dc279fe8e3542864f1067b9cdb  # 2026.07.19-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_s390x@sha256:9c4f347bc43b1b799a296f6801a8845af132fa6f919cc6237b889c8d2e16ae01  # 2026.07.19-1
+manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_s390x@sha256:37fe79ec71fed0eaa4d6edfb22244699877e3cd92a2ca4679bf9e4fd5f45c61d  # 2026.07.19-1
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_s390x@sha256:e29d28c68a0bd4594fd41cb2435ca64388038b05c24e77b34f186ff90a2968c4  # 2026.07.19-1
 
 [pypy_x86_64]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2026.06.04-1
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:2026.06.04-1
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_x86_64:2026.06.04-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64@sha256:0d25b049964b2549b83384036abdff06789a8c0b1e9ff003ec80f0d531f79e50  # 2026.07.19-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64@sha256:a61875a2f84cab7df8de222ff12cabc08ff86eb4ad402ac90ba7bdaed9600cca  # 2026.07.19-1
+manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_x86_64@sha256:b6e1f264da7bf4e8db3e6a625ea1ecaf1e52290253df8588f71e4a9e50a85a17  # 2026.07.19-1
 
 [pypy_i686]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2026.06.04-1
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_i686:2026.06.04-1
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_i686:2026.06.04-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686@sha256:9833ed0665e4bd2aceeda6f7ea81b69c75a941464b659edf62c98aa63526d1ba  # 2026.07.19-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_i686@sha256:3a4de216ae551c1cbb8f93d4bbf9faebe7fb16a67afa3380b9a3ed2cc7b80fcf  # 2026.07.19-1
+manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_i686@sha256:1fc55618156152a6570991a6ee81038fd507b48c41cbdede495931146b074869  # 2026.07.19-1
 
 [pypy_aarch64]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2026.06.04-1
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64:2026.06.04-1
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_aarch64:2026.06.04-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64@sha256:ae34a6ceeefe0b535c525b2e96f297311c8f1e01cfd8b9be5f647eece5b5c60b  # 2026.07.19-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64@sha256:162c81dfd3efc710732a571717d3c916a6945ebf279e879ddee3243af96fe46f  # 2026.07.19-1
+manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_aarch64@sha256:ae032906c631ad572a91bcc9545023d327822912957ae85a57c85181836662b6  # 2026.07.19-1
 
 [armv7l]
-manylinux_2_31 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_31_armv7l:2026.06.04-1
-manylinux_2_35 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_35_armv7l:2026.06.04-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_armv7l:2026.06.04-1
+manylinux_2_31 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_31_armv7l@sha256:a58ece566251a37b3b4cd17d7ef85d88df05f80670c7dfe80c1b1ffe4cd00bf8  # 2026.07.19-1
+manylinux_2_35 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_35_armv7l@sha256:c8dba9616907a810e2668afb88153bf47a84422933733dbf4ea7b561af5e8d1e  # 2026.07.19-1
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_armv7l@sha256:d87cbc211df71486a6a90fb2bece474166f3e2dcf81bbfc4be07607fd64185b0  # 2026.07.19-1
 
 [riscv64]
-manylinux_2_39 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_39_riscv64:2026.06.04-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_riscv64:2026.06.04-1
+manylinux_2_39 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_39_riscv64@sha256:04b3acc69a6cebb10ac1252587d202acce6445d91c783d3f92229bb2b2483069  # 2026.07.19-1
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_riscv64@sha256:2d36623ffc59785e124ecf2992456847baaf2f2e0a87e64d23f2f6a69e5a0357  # 2026.07.19-1
 

cibuildwheel/resources/virtualenv.toml

@@ -1 +1 @@
-default = { version = "21.4.2", url = "https://github.com/pypa/get-virtualenv/releases/download/21.4.2/virtualenv.pyz", sha256 = "b54c48b9c81468403626762747c5ee5939616f18f46c3c4bbebdbe0aa3a8ba1d" }
+default = { version = "21.6.1", url = "https://github.com/pypa/get-virtualenv/releases/download/21.6.1/virtualenv.pyz", sha256 = "32490c6eea415c3a8f44ee112bbef07bc7b70a0aba706672240c6c66d4f7d9cc" }

cibuildwheel/util/resources.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 __lazy_modules__ = {"tomllib"}
 
 import functools
+import os
 import tomllib
 from pathlib import Path
 
@@ -18,7 +19,9 @@ FREE_THREAD_ENABLE_314: Final[Path] = PATH / "free-threaded-enable-314.xml"
 FREE_THREAD_ENABLE_315: Final[Path] = PATH / "free-threaded-enable-315.xml"
 NODEJS: Final[Path] = PATH / "nodejs.toml"
 DEFAULTS: Final[Path] = PATH / "defaults.toml"
-PINNED_DOCKER_IMAGES: Final[Path] = PATH / "pinned_docker_images.cfg"
+PINNED_DOCKER_IMAGES: Final[Path] = Path(
+    os.environ.get("CIBW_INTERNAL_PINNED_DOCKER_IMAGES", str(PATH / "pinned_docker_images.cfg"))
+)
 BUILD_PLATFORMS: Final[Path] = PATH / "build-platforms.toml"
 CONSTRAINTS: Final[Path] = PATH / "constraints.txt"
 VIRTUALENV: Final[Path] = PATH / "virtualenv.toml"

cibuildwheel/venv.py

@@ -152,6 +152,10 @@ def virtualenv(
     venv. Otherwise, pip is installed.
     """
 
+    # the unresolved path, so e.g. the python.org framework bin directory is
+    # used rather than the internal location of the real binary
+    base_python_bin_dir = None if _IS_WIN else python.parent
+
     # virtualenv may fail if this is a symlink.
     python = python.resolve()
 
@@ -189,7 +193,7 @@ def virtualenv(
             python,
             venv_path,
         )
-    venv_env = activate_virtualenv(venv_path, env=env)
+    venv_env = activate_virtualenv(venv_path, env=env, base_python_bin_dir=base_python_bin_dir)
     if not use_uv and pip_version == "embed":
         call(
             "python",
@@ -208,11 +212,19 @@ def virtualenv(
 def activate_virtualenv(
     venv_path: Path,
     env: dict[str, str] | None = None,
+    base_python_bin_dir: Path | None = None,
 ) -> dict[str, str]:
     """
     Return a copy of the environment with the virtualenv at `venv_path` activated.
+
+    If given, `base_python_bin_dir` is placed on PATH right after the venv, so
+    that scripts installed alongside the base interpreter that aren't copied
+    into the venv (such as python3-config, see #2021) resolve to the matching
+    interpreter.
     """
     paths = [str(venv_path), str(venv_path / "Scripts")] if _IS_WIN else [str(venv_path / "bin")]
+    if base_python_bin_dir is not None:
+        paths.append(str(base_python_bin_dir))
     venv_env = os.environ.copy() if env is None else env.copy()
     venv_env["PATH"] = os.pathsep.join([*paths, venv_env["PATH"]])
     venv_env["VIRTUAL_ENV"] = str(venv_path)

docs/changelog.md

@@ -5,6 +5,28 @@ ref: changelog
 
 # Changelog
 
+### v4.1.1
+
+_24 July 2026_
+
+- ✨ Adds `pyodide-build` as a separate [`build-frontend`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#build-frontend), now the default frontend for Pyodide, with verbosity flags handling. Any other frontend is ignored with a warning on Pyodide. (#2609, #2945)
+- 🔐 Uses digests instead of tags for pinned container images, strengthening supply-chain security. The human-readable tags remain as comments in `pinned_docker_images.cfg`. (#2915)
+- 🐛 Fixes platform-specific [`test-runtime`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#test-runtime) environment variables (e.g. `CIBW_TEST_RUNTIME_ANDROID`) not being honored (#2941)
+- 🐛 Fixes quoting of [`test-requires`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#test-requires) and [`audit-requires`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#audit-requires) so PEP 508 specifiers containing spaces work (#2913)
+- 🐛 Makes [`archs`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#archs) parsing case-insensitive and platform-aware, so e.g. `arm64` works on Windows (#2920)
+- 🐛 Uses an absolute path for the `{project}` placeholder in [`config-settings`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#config-settings) (#2934)
+- 🐛 Validates the [`pyodide-version`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#pyodide-version) option against the build identifier with a clear error (#2925)
+- 🐛 Fixes PyPy installs on macOS after PyPy switched its downloads from `.tar.bz2` to `.tar.gz` (#2939)
+- 🐛 Makes a matching `python3-config` available in the build and test venvs on macOS (#2922)
+- 🛠 Updates dependencies and container pins (#2917, #2935, #2939)
+- 🛠 Updates Android tests to current Python versions and the new test repository URL (#2933)
+- 🛠 Drops the `orjson` dependency, no longer used by mypy 2+ (#2923)
+- 📚 Builds the docs with properdocs, a MkDocs fork (#2946)
+- 📚 Adds the missing `cp314-pyodide_wasm32` entry to the build identifier table (#2947)
+- 📚 Removes outdated notes about the `pip wheel` build frontend and ClearLinux (#2926)
+- 💼 Adds a "CI: PyPy EoL" PR label to run PyPy EoL tests on PRs (#2930)
+- 💼 Updates CI action pins and pre-commit hooks (#2914, #2932, #2938, #2940, #2942, #2943)
+
 ### v4.1.0
 
 _12 June 2026_

docs/faq.md

@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ There are two suggested methods for keeping cibuildwheel up to date that instead
 If you use GitHub Actions for builds, you can use cibuildwheel as an action:
 
 ```yaml
-uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v4.1.0
+uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v4.1.1
 ```
 
 This is a composite step that just runs cibuildwheel using pipx. You can set command-line options as `with:` parameters, and use `env:` as normal.
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ The second option, and the only one that supports other CI systems, is using a `
 
 ```bash
 # requirements-cibw.txt
-cibuildwheel==4.1.0
+cibuildwheel==4.1.1
 ```
 
 Then your install step would have `python -m pip install -r requirements-cibw.txt` in it. Your `.github/dependabot.yml` file could look like this:
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ Solutions to this vary, but the simplest is to use pipx:
 # most runners have pipx preinstalled, but in case you don't
 python3 -m pip install pipx
 
-pipx run cibuildwheel==4.1.0 --output-dir wheelhouse
+pipx run cibuildwheel==4.1.1 --output-dir wheelhouse
 pipx run twine upload wheelhouse/*.whl
 ```
 

docs/options.md

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ When setting the options, you can use shell-style globbing syntax, as per [fnmat
 | Python 3.11   | cp311-macosx_x86_64<br/>cp311-macosx_universal2<br/>cp311-macosx_arm64 | cp311-win_amd64<br/>cp311-win32<br/>cp311-win_arm64 | cp311-manylinux_x86_64<br/>cp311-manylinux_i686<br/>cp311-musllinux_x86_64<br/>cp311-musllinux_i686 | cp311-manylinux_aarch64<br/>cp311-manylinux_ppc64le<br/>cp311-manylinux_s390x<br/>cp311-manylinux_armv7l<br/>cp311-manylinux_riscv64<br/>cp311-musllinux_aarch64<br/>cp311-musllinux_ppc64le<br/>cp311-musllinux_s390x<br/>cp311-musllinux_armv7l<br/>cp311-musllinux_riscv64 |                                                  |                                                                                                   |                      |
 | Python 3.12   | cp312-macosx_x86_64<br/>cp312-macosx_universal2<br/>cp312-macosx_arm64 | cp312-win_amd64<br/>cp312-win32<br/>cp312-win_arm64 | cp312-manylinux_x86_64<br/>cp312-manylinux_i686<br/>cp312-musllinux_x86_64<br/>cp312-musllinux_i686 | cp312-manylinux_aarch64<br/>cp312-manylinux_ppc64le<br/>cp312-manylinux_s390x<br/>cp312-manylinux_armv7l<br/>cp312-manylinux_riscv64<br/>cp312-musllinux_aarch64<br/>cp312-musllinux_ppc64le<br/>cp312-musllinux_s390x<br/>cp312-musllinux_armv7l<br/>cp312-musllinux_riscv64 |                                                  |                                                                                                   | cp312-pyodide_wasm32 |
 | Python 3.13   | cp313-macosx_x86_64<br/>cp313-macosx_universal2<br/>cp313-macosx_arm64 | cp313-win_amd64<br/>cp313-win32<br/>cp313-win_arm64 | cp313-manylinux_x86_64<br/>cp313-manylinux_i686<br/>cp313-musllinux_x86_64<br/>cp313-musllinux_i686 | cp313-manylinux_aarch64<br/>cp313-manylinux_ppc64le<br/>cp313-manylinux_s390x<br/>cp313-manylinux_armv7l<br/>cp313-manylinux_riscv64<br/>cp313-musllinux_aarch64<br/>cp313-musllinux_ppc64le<br/>cp313-musllinux_s390x<br/>cp313-musllinux_armv7l<br/>cp313-musllinux_riscv64 | cp313-android_arm64_v8a<br/>cp313-android_x86_64 | cp313-ios_arm64_iphoneos<br/>cp313-ios_arm64_iphonesimulator<br/>cp313-ios_x86_64_iphonesimulator | cp313-pyodide_wasm32 |
-| Python 3.14   | cp314-macosx_x86_64<br/>cp314-macosx_universal2<br/>cp314-macosx_arm64<br><br>cp314t-macosx_x86_64<br/>cp314t-macosx_universal2<br/>cp314t-macosx_arm64 | cp314-win_amd64<br/>cp314-win32<br/>cp314-win_arm64<br><br>cp314t-win_amd64<br/>cp314t-win32<br/>cp314t-win_arm64 | cp314-manylinux_x86_64<br/>cp314-manylinux_i686<br/>cp314-musllinux_x86_64<br/>cp314-musllinux_i686<br><br>cp314t-manylinux_x86_64<br/>cp314t-manylinux_i686<br/>cp314t-musllinux_x86_64<br/>cp314t-musllinux_i686 | cp314-manylinux_aarch64<br/>cp314-manylinux_ppc64le<br/>cp314-manylinux_s390x<br/>cp314-manylinux_armv7l<br/>cp314-manylinux_riscv64<br/>cp314-musllinux_aarch64<br/>cp314-musllinux_ppc64le<br/>cp314-musllinux_s390x<br/>cp314-musllinux_armv7l<br/>cp314-musllinux_riscv64<br><br>cp314t-manylinux_aarch64<br/>cp314t-manylinux_ppc64le<br/>cp314t-manylinux_s390x<br/>cp314t-manylinux_armv7l<br/>cp314t-manylinux_riscv64<br/>cp314t-musllinux_aarch64<br/>cp314t-musllinux_ppc64le<br/>cp314t-musllinux_s390x<br/>cp314t-musllinux_armv7l<br/>cp314t-musllinux_riscv64 | cp314-android_arm64_v8a<br/>cp314-android_x86_64 | cp314-ios_arm64_iphoneos<br/>cp314-ios_arm64_iphonesimulator<br/>cp314-ios_x86_64_iphonesimulator |                      |
+| Python 3.14   | cp314-macosx_x86_64<br/>cp314-macosx_universal2<br/>cp314-macosx_arm64<br><br>cp314t-macosx_x86_64<br/>cp314t-macosx_universal2<br/>cp314t-macosx_arm64 | cp314-win_amd64<br/>cp314-win32<br/>cp314-win_arm64<br><br>cp314t-win_amd64<br/>cp314t-win32<br/>cp314t-win_arm64 | cp314-manylinux_x86_64<br/>cp314-manylinux_i686<br/>cp314-musllinux_x86_64<br/>cp314-musllinux_i686<br><br>cp314t-manylinux_x86_64<br/>cp314t-manylinux_i686<br/>cp314t-musllinux_x86_64<br/>cp314t-musllinux_i686 | cp314-manylinux_aarch64<br/>cp314-manylinux_ppc64le<br/>cp314-manylinux_s390x<br/>cp314-manylinux_armv7l<br/>cp314-manylinux_riscv64<br/>cp314-musllinux_aarch64<br/>cp314-musllinux_ppc64le<br/>cp314-musllinux_s390x<br/>cp314-musllinux_armv7l<br/>cp314-musllinux_riscv64<br><br>cp314t-manylinux_aarch64<br/>cp314t-manylinux_ppc64le<br/>cp314t-manylinux_s390x<br/>cp314t-manylinux_armv7l<br/>cp314t-manylinux_riscv64<br/>cp314t-musllinux_aarch64<br/>cp314t-musllinux_ppc64le<br/>cp314t-musllinux_s390x<br/>cp314t-musllinux_armv7l<br/>cp314t-musllinux_riscv64 | cp314-android_arm64_v8a<br/>cp314-android_x86_64 | cp314-ios_arm64_iphoneos<br/>cp314-ios_arm64_iphonesimulator<br/>cp314-ios_x86_64_iphonesimulator | cp314-pyodide_wasm32 |
 | Python 3.15   | cp315-macosx_x86_64<br/>cp315-macosx_universal2<br/>cp315-macosx_arm64<br><br>cp315t-macosx_x86_64<br/>cp315t-macosx_universal2<br/>cp315t-macosx_arm64 | cp315-win_amd64<br/>cp315-win32<br/>cp315-win_arm64<br><br>cp315t-win_amd64<br/>cp315t-win32<br/>cp315t-win_arm64 | cp315-manylinux_x86_64<br/>cp315-manylinux_i686<br/>cp315-musllinux_x86_64<br/>cp315-musllinux_i686<br><br>cp315t-manylinux_x86_64<br/>cp315t-manylinux_i686<br/>cp315t-musllinux_x86_64<br/>cp315t-musllinux_i686 | cp315-manylinux_aarch64<br/>cp315-manylinux_ppc64le<br/>cp315-manylinux_s390x<br/>cp315-manylinux_armv7l<br/>cp315-manylinux_riscv64<br/>cp315-musllinux_aarch64<br/>cp315-musllinux_ppc64le<br/>cp315-musllinux_s390x<br/>cp315-musllinux_armv7l<br/>cp315-musllinux_riscv64<br><br>cp315t-manylinux_aarch64<br/>cp315t-manylinux_ppc64le<br/>cp315t-manylinux_s390x<br/>cp315t-manylinux_armv7l<br/>cp315t-manylinux_riscv64<br/>cp315t-musllinux_aarch64<br/>cp315t-musllinux_ppc64le<br/>cp315t-musllinux_s390x<br/>cp315t-musllinux_armv7l<br/>cp315t-musllinux_riscv64 | cp315-android_arm64_v8a<br/>cp315-android_x86_64 | cp315-ios_arm64_iphoneos<br/>cp315-ios_arm64_iphonesimulator<br/>cp315-ios_x86_64_iphonesimulator |                      |
 | PyPy3.9 v7.3  | pp39-macosx_x86_64<br/>pp39-macosx_arm64                               | pp39-win_amd64                                      | pp39-manylinux_x86_64<br/>pp39-manylinux_i686                                                       | pp39-manylinux_aarch64                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |                                                  |                                                                                                   |                      |
 | PyPy3.10 v7.3 | pp310-macosx_x86_64<br/>pp310-macosx_arm64                             | pp310-win_amd64                                     | pp310-manylinux_x86_64<br/>pp310-manylinux_i686                                                     | pp310-manylinux_aarch64                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |                                                  |                                                                                                   |                      |
@@ -481,7 +481,11 @@ files (from workspaces) are not supported.
     are building GraalPy wheels, use `build` or `pip` as the build frontend
     instead of `build[uv]` or `uv`.
 
-On Android and Pyodide, the "pip" frontend is not supported.
+On Android, the "pip" frontend is not supported.
+
+On Pyodide, `pyodide-build` is the default and only supported frontend; setting
+another frontend produces a warning and uses `pyodide-build` instead. See
+[Pyodide build frontend support](platforms.md#pyodide-build-frontend) for details.
 
 You can specify extra arguments to pass to the build frontend using the
 optional `args` option.
@@ -807,9 +811,9 @@ instead.
 ### `before-build` {: #before-build env-var toml}
 > Execute a shell command preparing each wheel's build
 
-A shell command to run before building the wheel. This option allows you to run a command in **each** Python environment before the `pip wheel` command. This is useful if you need to set up some dependency so it's available during the build.
+A shell command to run before building the wheel. This option allows you to run a command in **each** Python environment before the wheel is built. This is useful if you need to set up some dependency so it's available during the build.
 
-If dependencies are required to build your wheel (for example if you include a header from a Python module), instead of using this command, we recommend adding requirements to a `pyproject.toml` file's `build-system.requires` array instead. This is reproducible, and users who do not get your wheels (such as Alpine or ClearLinux users) will still benefit.
+If dependencies are required to build your wheel (for example if you include a header from a Python module), instead of using this command, we recommend adding requirements to a `pyproject.toml` file's `build-system.requires` array instead. This is reproducible, and users who do not get your wheels (such as BSD operating system variants) will still benefit.
 
 The active Python binary can be accessed using `python`, and pip with `pip`; cibuildwheel makes sure the right version of Python and pip will be executed. The placeholder `{package}` can be used here; it will be replaced by the path to the package being built by cibuildwheel.
 
@@ -1670,6 +1674,10 @@ Platform-specific environment variables are also available:<br/>
     # Install specific versions of test dependencies
     [tool.cibuildwheel]
     test-requires = ["pytest==8.2.2", "packaging==24.1"]
+
+    # Dependency specifiers with environment markers are supported
+    [tool.cibuildwheel]
+    test-requires = ["pytest", "pyzstd; python_version >= '3.14'"]
     ```
 
     In configuration files, you can use an array, and the items will be joined with a space.
@@ -1682,6 +1690,10 @@ Platform-specific environment variables are also available:<br/>
 
     # Install specific versions of test dependencies
     CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES: pytest==8.2.2 packaging==24.1
+
+    # Use shell-style quoting around specifiers containing spaces, such as
+    # those with environment markers
+    CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES: "pytest 'pyzstd; python_version >= \"3.14\"'"
     ```
 
 
@@ -1902,14 +1914,14 @@ will not produce more logging about the build itself. Other levels only affect
 the build frontend output, which is usually things like resolving and
 downloading dependencies. The settings are:
 
-|             | build | pip    | uv    | desc                                   |
-|-------------|-------|--------|-------|----------------------------------------|
-| -2          | `-qq` | `-qq`  | `-qq` | even more quiet, where supported       |
-| -1          | `-q`  | `-q`   | `-q`  | quiet mode, where supported            |
-| 0 (default) |       |        |       | default for build tool                 |
-| 1           |       | `-v`   |       | print backend output                   |
-| 2           | `-v`  | `-vv`  | `-v`  | print log messages e.g. resolving info |
-| 3           | `-vv` | `-vvv` | `-vv` | print even more debug info             |
+|             | build | pip    | uv    | pyodide-build | desc                                   |
+|-------------|-------|--------|-------|---------------|----------------------------------------|
+| -2          | `-qq` | `-qq`  | `-qq` |               | even more quiet, where supported       |
+| -1          | `-q`  | `-q`   | `-q`  |               | quiet mode, where supported            |
+| 0 (default) |       |        |       |               | default for build tool                 |
+| 1           |       | `-v`   |       | `-v`          | print backend output                   |
+| 2           | `-v`  | `-vv`  | `-v`  | `-vv`         | print log messages e.g. resolving info |
+| 3           | `-vv` | `-vvv` | `-vv` |               | print even more debug info             |
 
 Settings that are not supported for a specific frontend will log a warning.
 The default build frontend is `build`, which does show build backend output by

docs/platforms.md

@@ -188,6 +188,11 @@ repair-wheel-command = "pyodide auditwheel repair --libdir /path/to/libraries --
 
 The `--libdir` option specifies the directory containing cross-compiled shared libraries for WASM. You should not use the system library directories (e.g. `/usr/lib`), as those libraries are not built for WebAssembly.
 
+### Build frontend support {: #pyodide-build-frontend}
+
+The pyodide platform builds wheels by shelling out to `pyodide build`, via the `pyodide-build` [`build-frontend`](options.md#build-frontend), which itself is a meta build frontend and passes through commands to pypa/build with specialised handling. This is the only supported frontend for this platform, and is used by default. A global [`build-frontend`](options.md#build-frontend) setting naming another frontend is ignored with a warning on this platform.
+
+[`build-verbosity`](options.md#build-verbosity) is passed through to `pyodide build` as `-v`/`-vv`. It is capped at `-vv`. `pyodide build` has no `-vvv` flag.
 
 ## Android {: android}
 

docs/working-examples.md

@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ ref: working-examples
 |-----------------------------------|----|----|:------|
 | [scikit-learn][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![pyodide icon][] | The machine learning library. A complex but clean config using many of cibuildwheel's features to build a large project with Cython and C++ extensions.  |
 | [duckdb][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | DuckDB is an analytical in-process SQL database management system |
-| [pytorch-fairseq][]               | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Facebook AI Research Sequence-to-Sequence Toolkit written in Python. |
 | [NumPy][]                         | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![pyodide icon][] | The fundamental package for scientific computing with Python. |
+| [pytorch-fairseq][]               | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Facebook AI Research Sequence-to-Sequence Toolkit written in Python. |
 | [NCNN][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | ncnn is a high-performance neural network inference framework optimized for the mobile platform |
 | [Matplotlib][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![pyodide icon][] | The venerable Matplotlib, a Python library with C++ portions |
 | [Tornado][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] ![apple icon][] ![windows icon][] | Tornado is a Python web framework and asynchronous networking library. Uses stable ABI for a small C extension. |
@@ -48,9 +48,9 @@ ref: working-examples
 | [Implicit][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Includes GPU support for linux wheels |
 | [vispy][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Main repository for Vispy |
 | [coverage.py][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The coverage tool for Python |
-| [Line Profiler][]                 | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Line-by-line profiling for Python |
-| [PyCryptodome][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | A self-contained cryptographic library for Python |
 | [PyAV][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Pythonic bindings for FFmpeg's libraries. |
+| [PyCryptodome][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | A self-contained cryptographic library for Python |
+| [Line Profiler][]                 | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Line-by-line profiling for Python |
 | [PyYAML][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] | Canonical source repository for PyYAML |
 | [pikepdf][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A Python library for reading and writing PDF, powered by QPDF |
 | [numexpr][]                       | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Fast numerical array expression evaluator for Python, NumPy, Pandas, PyTables and more |
@@ -77,12 +77,12 @@ ref: working-examples
 | [pybind11 cmake_example][]        | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![pyodide icon][] | Example pybind11 module built with a CMake-based build system |
 | [KDEpy][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Kernel Density Estimation in Python |
 | [dd-trace-py][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Uses custom alternate arch emulation on GitHub |
-| [tgcalls][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![windows icon][] | Python `pybind11` binding to Telegram's WebRTC library with third party dependencies like `OpenSSL`, `MozJPEG`, `FFmpeg`, etc. |
 | [sourmash][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] ![pyodide icon][] | Quickly search, compare, and analyze genomic and metagenomic data sets. |
+| [tgcalls][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![windows icon][] | Python `pybind11` binding to Telegram's WebRTC library with third party dependencies like `OpenSSL`, `MozJPEG`, `FFmpeg`, etc. |
 | [python-rapidjson][]              | ![travisci icon][] ![gitlab icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python wrapper around rapidjson |
 | [pybind11 python_example][]       | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![pyodide icon][] | Example pybind11 module built with a Python-based build system |
-| [python-snappy][]                 | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Python bindings for the snappy google library |
 | [Confluent client for Kafka][]    | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | setup in `tools/wheels/build-wheels.bat` |
+| [python-snappy][]                 | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Python bindings for the snappy google library |
 | [abess][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A fast best-subset selection library. It uses cibuildwheel to build a large project with C++ extensions. |
 | [jq.py][]                         | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python bindings for jq |
 | [cyvcf2][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | cython + htslib == fast VCF and BCF processing |
@@ -92,8 +92,8 @@ ref: working-examples
 | [pillow-heif][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Bindings to libheif library with third party dependencies. Fully automated CI for tests and publishing including Apple Silicon builds. |
 | [keyvi][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] ![apple icon][] | FST based key value index highly optimized for size and lookup performance, utilizes ccache action for improved runtime |
 | [PyGLM][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Fast OpenGL Mathematics (GLM) for Python |
-| [iDynTree][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] | Uses manylinux_2_24 |
 | [power-grid-model][]              | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python/C++ library for distribution power system analysis |
+| [iDynTree][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] | Uses manylinux_2_24 |
 | [TgCrypto][]                      | ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Includes a Windows Travis build. |
 | [streaming-form-data][]           | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Streaming parser for multipart/form-data written in Cython |
 | [Imagecodecs (fork)][]            | ![azurepipelines icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Over 20 external dependencies in compiled libraries, custom docker image, `libomp`, `openblas` and `install_name_tool` for macOS. |
@@ -102,16 +102,16 @@ ref: working-examples
 | [bx-python][]                     | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A library that includes Cython extensions. |
 | [Python-WebRTC][]                 | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | a Python extension that provides bindings to WebRTC M92 |
 | [pybind11 scikit_build_example][] | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![pyodide icon][] | An example combining scikit-build and pybind11 |
-| [fathon][]                        | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | python package for DFA (Detrended Fluctuation Analysis) and related algorithms |
 | [Arbor][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Arbor is a multi-compartment neuron simulation library; compatible with next-generation accelerators; best-practices applied to research software; focused on community-driven development. Includes a [small script](https://github.com/arbor-sim/arbor/blob/master/scripts/patchwheel.py) patching `rpath` in bundled libraries.  |
+| [fathon][]                        | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | python package for DFA (Detrended Fluctuation Analysis) and related algorithms |
 | [clang-format][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Scikit-build wrapper around LLVM's CMake, all platforms, generic wheels. |
 | [polaroid][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Full range of wheels for setuptools rust, with auto release and PyPI deploy. |
 | [ninja][]                         | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Multitagged binary builds for all supported platforms, using cibw 2 config configuration. |
 | [cf-units][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Units of measure as required by the Climate and Forecast (CF) Metadata Conventions |
 | [etebase-py][]                    | ![travisci icon][] | ![linux icon][] | Python bindings to a Rust library using `setuptools-rust`, and `sccache` for improved speed. |
 | [SiPM][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | High performance library for SiPM detectors simulation using C++17, OpenMP and AVX2 intrinsics. |
-| [aalink][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Async Python interface for Ableton Link. |
 | [numpythia][]                     | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The interface between PYTHIA and NumPy |
+| [aalink][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Async Python interface for Ableton Link. |
 | [pyjet][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The interface between FastJet and NumPy |
 | [ril][]                           | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A python binding to Rust Imaging library using maturin and Pyo3, utilizes Github Action cache to improve speed. Builds abi3 wheels. |
 | [GSD][]                           | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Cython and NumPy project with 64-bit wheels. |
@@ -122,8 +122,8 @@ ref: working-examples
 
 [scikit-learn]: https://github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn
 [duckdb]: https://github.com/duckdb/duckdb
-[pytorch-fairseq]: https://github.com/facebookresearch/fairseq
 [NumPy]: https://github.com/numpy/numpy
+[pytorch-fairseq]: https://github.com/facebookresearch/fairseq
 [NCNN]: https://github.com/Tencent/ncnn
 [Matplotlib]: https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib
 [Tornado]: https://github.com/tornadoweb/tornado
@@ -159,9 +159,9 @@ ref: working-examples
 [Implicit]: https://github.com/benfred/implicit
 [vispy]: https://github.com/vispy/vispy
 [coverage.py]: https://github.com/nedbat/coveragepy
-[Line Profiler]: https://github.com/pyutils/line_profiler
-[PyCryptodome]: https://github.com/Legrandin/pycryptodome
 [PyAV]: https://github.com/PyAV-Org/PyAV
+[PyCryptodome]: https://github.com/Legrandin/pycryptodome
+[Line Profiler]: https://github.com/pyutils/line_profiler
 [PyYAML]: https://github.com/yaml/pyyaml
 [pikepdf]: https://github.com/pikepdf/pikepdf
 [numexpr]: https://github.com/pydata/numexpr
@@ -188,12 +188,12 @@ ref: working-examples
 [pybind11 cmake_example]: https://github.com/pybind/cmake_example
 [KDEpy]: https://github.com/tommyod/KDEpy
 [dd-trace-py]: https://github.com/DataDog/dd-trace-py
-[tgcalls]: https://github.com/MarshalX/tgcalls
 [sourmash]: https://github.com/sourmash-bio/sourmash
+[tgcalls]: https://github.com/MarshalX/tgcalls
 [python-rapidjson]: https://github.com/python-rapidjson/python-rapidjson
 [pybind11 python_example]: https://github.com/pybind/python_example
-[python-snappy]: https://github.com/intake/python-snappy
 [Confluent client for Kafka]: https://github.com/confluentinc/confluent-kafka-python
+[python-snappy]: https://github.com/intake/python-snappy
 [abess]: https://github.com/abess-team/abess
 [jq.py]: https://github.com/mwilliamson/jq.py
 [cyvcf2]: https://github.com/brentp/cyvcf2
@@ -203,8 +203,8 @@ ref: working-examples
 [pillow-heif]: https://github.com/bigcat88/pillow_heif
 [keyvi]: https://github.com/KeyviDev/keyvi
 [PyGLM]: https://github.com/Zuzu-Typ/PyGLM
-[iDynTree]: https://github.com/robotology/idyntree
 [power-grid-model]: https://github.com/PowerGridModel/power-grid-model
+[iDynTree]: https://github.com/robotology/idyntree
 [TgCrypto]: https://github.com/pyrogram/tgcrypto
 [streaming-form-data]: https://github.com/siddhantgoel/streaming-form-data
 [Imagecodecs (fork)]: https://github.com/czaki/imagecodecs_build
@@ -213,16 +213,16 @@ ref: working-examples
 [bx-python]: https://github.com/bxlab/bx-python
 [Python-WebRTC]: https://github.com/MarshalX/python-webrtc
 [pybind11 scikit_build_example]: https://github.com/pybind/scikit_build_example
-[fathon]: https://github.com/stfbnc/fathon
 [Arbor]: https://github.com/arbor-sim/arbor
+[fathon]: https://github.com/stfbnc/fathon
 [clang-format]: https://github.com/ssciwr/clang-format-wheel
 [polaroid]: https://github.com/daggy1234/polaroid
 [ninja]: https://github.com/scikit-build/ninja-python-distributions
 [cf-units]: https://github.com/SciTools/cf-units
 [etebase-py]: https://github.com/etesync/etebase-py
 [SiPM]: https://github.com/EdoPro98/SimSiPM
-[aalink]: https://github.com/artfwo/aalink
 [numpythia]: https://github.com/scikit-hep/numpythia
+[aalink]: https://github.com/artfwo/aalink
 [pyjet]: https://github.com/scikit-hep/pyjet
 [ril]: https://github.com/Cryptex-github/ril-py
 [GSD]: https://github.com/glotzerlab/gsd

examples/azure-pipelines-minimal.yml

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ jobs:
     - bash: |
         set -o errexit
         python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        pip3 install cibuildwheel==4.1.0
+        pip3 install cibuildwheel==4.1.1
       displayName: Install dependencies
     - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
       displayName: Build wheels
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
     - bash: |
         set -o errexit
         python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.1.0
+        python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.1.1
       displayName: Install dependencies
     - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
       displayName: Build wheels
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ jobs:
     - bash: |
         set -o errexit
         python -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        pip install cibuildwheel==4.1.0
+        pip install cibuildwheel==4.1.1
       displayName: Install dependencies
     - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
       displayName: Build wheels

examples/circleci-minimal.yml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ jobs:
       - run:
           name: Build the Linux wheels.
           command: |
-            python3 -m pip install --user cibuildwheel==4.1.0
+            python3 -m pip install --user cibuildwheel==4.1.1
             cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       - store_artifacts:
           path: wheelhouse/
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ jobs:
       - run:
           name: Build the Linux aarch64 wheels.
           command: |
-            python3 -m pip install --user cibuildwheel==4.1.0
+            python3 -m pip install --user cibuildwheel==4.1.1
             python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       - store_artifacts:
           path: wheelhouse/
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ jobs:
           name: Build the OS X wheels.
           command: |
             sudo softwareupdate --install-rosetta --agree-to-license  # for x86_64/universal2 tests
-            pip3 install cibuildwheel==4.1.0
+            pip3 install cibuildwheel==4.1.1
             cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       - store_artifacts:
           path: wheelhouse/

examples/github-deploy.yml

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ jobs:
           persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v4.1.0
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v4.1.1
         env:
           CIBW_PLATFORM: ${{ matrix.platform || 'auto' }}
           CIBW_ARCHS: ${{ matrix.archs || 'auto' }}

examples/github-minimal.yml

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ jobs:
           persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v4.1.0
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v4.1.1
         # env:
         #   CIBW_SOME_OPTION: value
         #   ...

examples/github-pipx.yml

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ jobs:
           persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        run: pipx run cibuildwheel==4.1.0
+        run: pipx run cibuildwheel==4.1.1
 
       - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:

examples/github-with-qemu.yml

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ jobs:
           platforms: all
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v4.1.0
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v4.1.1
         env:
           # configure cibuildwheel on Linux to build native archs ('auto'),
           # and to split the remaining architectures between the x86_64 and

examples/gitlab-minimal.yml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ linux:
     DOCKER_TLS_CERTDIR: ""
   script:
     - curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh
-    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.1.0
+    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.1.1
     - cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
   artifacts:
     paths:
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ windows:
   before_script:
     - choco install python -y --allow-downgrade --version 3.12.4
     - choco install git.install -y
-    - py -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.1.0
+    - py -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.1.1
   script:
     - py -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse --platform windows
   artifacts:
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ windows:
 macos:
   image: macos-14-xcode-15
   before_script:
-    - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.1.0
+    - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.1.1
   script:
     - python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
   artifacts:

examples/gitlab-with-qemu.yml

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ linux:
     - curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh
     # Warning: This is extremely slow, be careful with how many wheels you build
     - docker run --rm --privileged multiarch/qemu-user-static --reset -p yes
-    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.1.0
+    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.1.1
     # Assuming your CI runner's default architecture is x86_64...
     - cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse --platform linux --archs aarch64
   artifacts:

noxfile.py

@@ -16,9 +16,11 @@ See sessions with `nox -l`
 """
 
 import os
+import re
 import shutil
 import sys
 from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any
 
 import nox
 
@@ -63,6 +65,52 @@ def tests(session: nox.Session) -> None:
         session.run("pytest", "test", "-x", "--durations", "0", "--timeout=2400", "test")
 
 
+# Packages held back for GraalPy until upstream fixes land. uv pip compile
+# can't express a per-implementation split, so the compiled pin is patched:
+# GraalPy (matching `graalpy_marker`) gets `held`, everything else
+# (`other_marker`) tracks the freshly compiled version.
+GRAALPY_HELD_BACK = (
+    # Newer pip breaks GraalPy on Windows.
+    {
+        "package": "pip",
+        "held": "26.0.1",
+        "graalpy_marker": 'implementation_name == "graalpy" and platform_system == "Windows"',
+        "other_marker": 'implementation_name != "graalpy" or platform_system != "Windows"',
+    },
+    # filelock >=3.30 imports errno.ENOTSUP, which GraalPy lacks (fix due ~2026-08).
+    {
+        "package": "filelock",
+        "held": "3.29.7",
+        "graalpy_marker": 'implementation_name == "graalpy"',
+        "other_marker": 'implementation_name != "graalpy"',
+    },
+)
+
+
+def _pin_graalpy_workarounds(output_file: Path) -> None:
+    text = output_file.read_text()
+    for pin in GRAALPY_HELD_BACK:
+        package = re.escape(pin["package"])
+        text = re.sub(
+            rf"^{package}==(?P<version>[^\s;]+)$",
+            f"{pin['package']}==\\g<version>; {pin['other_marker']}\n"
+            f"{pin['package']}=={pin['held']}; {pin['graalpy_marker']}",
+            text,
+            flags=re.MULTILINE,
+        )
+    output_file.write_text(text)
+
+
+def _graalpy_python_versions(build_platforms: dict[str, Any]) -> set[str]:
+    """Python minor versions (e.g. "3.12") that ship a GraalPy configuration."""
+    return {
+        ".".join(config["version"].split(".")[:2])
+        for platform in build_platforms.values()
+        for config in platform["python_configurations"]
+        if config["identifier"].startswith("gp")
+    }
+
+
 @nox.session(default=False, tags=["update"])
 def update_constraints(session: nox.Session) -> None:
     """
@@ -79,6 +127,9 @@ def update_constraints(session: nox.Session) -> None:
     env = os.environ.copy()
     env["UV_CUSTOM_COMPILE_COMMAND"] = f"nox -s {session.name}"
 
+    build_platforms = nox.project.load_toml(resources / "build-platforms.toml")
+    graalpy_versions = _graalpy_python_versions(build_platforms)
+
     for minor_version in range(9, 16):
         python_version = f"3.{minor_version}"
         output_file = resources / f"constraints-python{python_version.replace('.', '')}.txt"
@@ -92,13 +143,14 @@ def update_constraints(session: nox.Session) -> None:
             f"--output-file={output_file}",
             env=env,
         )
+        if python_version in graalpy_versions:
+            _pin_graalpy_workarounds(output_file)
 
     shutil.copyfile(
         resources / "constraints-python315.txt",
         resources / "constraints.txt",
     )
 
-    build_platforms = nox.project.load_toml(resources / "build-platforms.toml")
     pyodides = build_platforms["pyodide"]["python_configurations"]
     for pyodide in pyodides:
         python_version = ".".join(pyodide["version"].split(".")[:2])
@@ -176,7 +228,9 @@ def docs(session: nox.Session) -> None:
     """
     pyproject = nox.project.load_toml()
     session.install("-e.", *nox.project.dependency_groups(pyproject, "docs"))
-    session.run("mkdocs", "serve" if session.interactive else "build", "--strict", *session.posargs)
+    session.run(
+        "properdocs", "serve" if session.interactive else "build", "--strict", *session.posargs
+    )
 
 
 @nox.session(default=False)

pyproject.toml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ build-backend = "hatchling.build"
 
 [project]
 name = "cibuildwheel"
-version = "4.1.0"
+version = "4.1.1"
 description = "Build Python wheels on CI with minimal configuration."
 readme = "README.md"
 license = "BSD-2-Clause"
@@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ docs = [
     "mkdocs-include-markdown-plugin==7.1.8",
     "mkdocs-intersphinx>=0.1.1; python_version >= '3.12'",
     "mkdocs-macros-plugin>=1.4.1",
-    "mkdocs==1.6.1",
+    "properdocs==1.6.7",
+    "properdocs-theme-readthedocs",
     "pymdown-extensions",
     "rich",
 ]

test/conftest.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import dataclasses
 import json
 import os
 import subprocess
@@ -12,14 +13,16 @@ from cibuildwheel.ci import detect_ci_provider
 from cibuildwheel.options import CommandLineArguments, Options
 from cibuildwheel.selector import EnableGroup
 from cibuildwheel.typing import PLATFORMS
+from cibuildwheel.util.resources import PINNED_DOCKER_IMAGES
 from cibuildwheel.venv import find_uv
 
 from . import utils
-from .utils import DEFAULT_CIBW_ENABLE, EMULATED_ARCHS, get_platform
+from .utils import DEFAULT_CIBW_ENABLE, EMULATED_ARCHS, get_enable_groups, get_platform
 
 TYPE_CHECKING = False
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from collections.abc import Generator
+    from pathlib import Path
 
 
 def pytest_addoption(parser: pytest.Parser) -> None:
@@ -74,7 +77,19 @@ def pytest_configure(config: pytest.Config) -> None:
         os.environ["CIBW_PLATFORM"] = flag_platform
 
 
-def docker_warmup(request: pytest.FixtureRequest) -> None:
+@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
+class DockerWarmUpImage:
+    source_name: str
+    cached_name: str
+
+
+def get_docker_warmup_images(request: pytest.FixtureRequest) -> list[DockerWarmUpImage] | None:
+    enable_groups = get_enable_groups()
+    # Check missing pre-installed interpreters are needed
+    enable_groups &= {EnableGroup.GraalPy, EnableGroup.PyPyEoL}
+    if not enable_groups:
+        return None
+
     machine = request.config.getoption("--run-emulation", default=None)
     if machine is None:
         archs = {arch.value for arch in Architecture.auto_archs("linux")}
@@ -86,7 +101,7 @@ def docker_warmup(request: pytest.FixtureRequest) -> None:
     # Only include architectures where there are missing pre-installed interpreters
     archs &= {"x86_64", "i686", "aarch64"}
     if not archs:
-        return
+        return None
 
     options = Options(
         platform="linux",
@@ -96,17 +111,28 @@ def docker_warmup(request: pytest.FixtureRequest) -> None:
     )
     build_options = options.build_options(None)
     assert build_options.manylinux_images is not None
-    assert build_options.musllinux_images is not None
-    images = [build_options.manylinux_images[arch] for arch in archs] + [
-        build_options.musllinux_images[arch] for arch in archs
-    ]
+    images: list[DockerWarmUpImage] = []
+    for arch in archs:
+        source_name = build_options.manylinux_images[arch]
+        cached_name = source_name
+        if "@sha256:" in source_name:
+            cached_name = source_name.rsplit("@sha256:", 1)[0] + ":cibw_cache_fixture"
+        images.append(DockerWarmUpImage(source_name, cached_name))
+    if images:
+        return images
+    return None
+
+
+def docker_warmup(images: list[DockerWarmUpImage], docker_warmup_config: Path) -> None:
     command = (
         "manylinux-interpreters ensure-all &&"
         "cpython3.13 -m pip download -d /tmp setuptools wheel pytest"
     )
+    config_content = PINNED_DOCKER_IMAGES.read_text()
     for image in images:
+        config_content = config_content.replace(image.source_name, image.cached_name)
         container_id = subprocess.run(
-            ["docker", "create", image, "bash", "-c", command],
+            ["docker", "create", image.source_name, "bash", "-c", command],
             text=True,
             check=True,
             stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
@@ -118,37 +144,48 @@ def docker_warmup(request: pytest.FixtureRequest) -> None:
             ).stdout.strip()
             assert exit_code == "0"
             subprocess.run(
-                ["docker", "commit", container_id, image], check=True, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL
+                ["docker", "commit", container_id, image.cached_name],
+                check=True,
+                stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
             )
         finally:
             subprocess.run(["docker", "rm", container_id], check=True, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL)
+    docker_warmup_config.write_text(config_content)
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(scope="session", autouse=True)
 def docker_warmup_fixture(
     request: pytest.FixtureRequest, tmp_path_factory: pytest.TempPathFactory, worker_id: str
-) -> None:
+) -> Generator[None, None, None]:
     # if we're in CI testing linux, let's warm-up docker images
     if detect_ci_provider() is None or get_platform() != "linux":
-        return None
-    if request.config.getoption("--run-emulation", default=None) is not None:
+        images = None
+    elif request.config.getoption("--run-emulation", default=None) is not None:
         # emulation tests only run one test in CI, caching the image only slows down the test
-        return None
+        images = None
+    else:
+        images = get_docker_warmup_images(request)
+    if images is None:
+        yield None
+        return
 
     if worker_id == "master":
         # not executing with multiple workers
         # it might be unsafe to write to tmp_path_factory.getbasetemp().parent
-        return docker_warmup(request)
+        docker_warmup_config = tmp_path_factory.getbasetemp() / "docker_warmup.cfg"
+        docker_warmup(images, docker_warmup_config)
+    else:
+        # get the temp directory shared by all workers
+        root_tmp_dir = tmp_path_factory.getbasetemp().parent
 
-    # get the temp directory shared by all workers
-    root_tmp_dir = tmp_path_factory.getbasetemp().parent
+        docker_warmup_config = root_tmp_dir / "docker_warmup.cfg"
+        with FileLock(str(docker_warmup_config) + ".lock"):
+            if not docker_warmup_config.is_file():
+                docker_warmup(images, docker_warmup_config)
 
-    fn = root_tmp_dir / "warmup.done"
-    with FileLock(str(fn) + ".lock"):
-        if not fn.is_file():
-            docker_warmup(request)
-            fn.write_text("done")
-    return None
+    with pytest.MonkeyPatch.context() as monkeypatch:
+        monkeypatch.setenv("CIBW_INTERNAL_PINNED_DOCKER_IMAGES", str(docker_warmup_config))
+        yield None
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(params=["pip", "build"])
@@ -157,8 +194,8 @@ def build_frontend_env_nouv(request: pytest.FixtureRequest) -> dict[str, str]:
     marks = {m.name for m in request.node.iter_markers()}
 
     platform = "pyodide" if "pyodide" in marks else get_platform()
-    if platform == "pyodide" and frontend == "pip":
-        pytest.skip("Can't use pip as build frontend for pyodide platform")
+    if platform == "pyodide":
+        pytest.skip("pyodide only supports the pyodide-build frontend")
 
     return {"CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND": frontend}
 
@@ -176,10 +213,10 @@ def build_frontend_env(request: pytest.FixtureRequest) -> Generator[dict[str, st
     else:
         platform = get_platform()
 
-    if platform in {"pyodide", "ios", "android"} and frontend == "pip":
+    if platform == "pyodide":
+        pytest.skip("pyodide only supports the pyodide-build frontend")
+    if platform in {"ios", "android"} and frontend == "pip":
         pytest.skip(f"Can't use pip as build frontend for {platform}")
-    if platform == "pyodide" and frontend in {"build[uv]", "uv"}:
-        pytest.skip("Can't use uv with pyodide yet")
     uv_path = find_uv()
     if uv_path is None and frontend in {"build[uv]", "uv"}:
         pytest.skip("Can't find uv, so skipping uv tests")

test/test_android.py

@@ -405,7 +405,11 @@ def test_environment_markers(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
             **cp313_env,
             "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND": f"python -m pytest {test_filename}",
             "CIBW_TEST_SOURCES": test_filename,
-            "CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES": "pytest certifi;sys_platform=='android' platformdirs;sys_platform!='android'",
+            "CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES": (
+                "pytest"
+                " 'certifi; sys_platform == \"android\"'"
+                " 'platformdirs; sys_platform != \"android\"'"
+            ),
         },
     )
 
@@ -686,7 +690,7 @@ def test_xbuild_files(tmp_path: Path, capfd: pytest.CaptureFixture[str]) -> None
         add_env={
             **cp313_env,
             # TODO: remove this once there are official Android NumPy wheels on PyPI.
-            "PIP_EXTRA_INDEX_URL": "https://chaquo.com/pypi-test",
+            "PIP_EXTRA_INDEX_URL": "https://chaquo.com/pypi-upstream",
             "CIBW_ARCHS": "all",  # Include both native and non-native archs.
             "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND": f"python -c '{script}'",
         },

test/test_before_build.py

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ def test(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
         """python -c "import pathlib, sys; pathlib.Path('{project}/pythonversion_bb.txt').write_text(sys.version)" && """
         f'''python -c "import pathlib, sys; pathlib.Path('{{project}}/pythonprefix_bb.txt').write_text({SYS_PREFIX})"'''
     )
-    frontend = "build"
+    frontend = "pyodide-build" if utils.get_platform() == "pyodide" else "build"
     if utils.get_platform() != "pyodide":
         before_build = f"python -m pip install setuptools && {before_build}"
         frontend = f"{frontend};args: --no-isolation"

test/test_build_frontend_args.py

@@ -15,7 +15,17 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
     "frontend_name",
     [
         pytest.param("pip", marks=utils.skip_if_pyodide("No pip for pyodide")),
-        "build",
+        pytest.param(
+            "build",
+            marks=utils.skip_if_pyodide("pyodide only supports the pyodide-build frontend"),
+        ),
+        pytest.param(
+            "pyodide-build",
+            marks=pytest.mark.skipif(
+                utils.get_platform() != "pyodide",
+                reason="pyodide-build frontend is only valid on pyodide",
+            ),
+        ),
     ],
 )
 def test_build_frontend_args(
@@ -27,7 +37,7 @@ def test_build_frontend_args(
 
     # the build will fail because the frontend is called with '-h' - it prints the help message
     add_env = {"CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND": f"{frontend_name}; args: -h"}
-    if utils.get_platform() == "pyodide":
+    if frontend_name == "pyodide-build":
         add_env["TERM"] = "dumb"  # disable color / style
         add_env["NO_COLOR"] = "1"
     with pytest.raises(subprocess.CalledProcessError):
@@ -40,7 +50,7 @@ def test_build_frontend_args(
     if frontend_name == "pip":
         assert "Usage:" in captured.out
         assert "Wheel Options:" in captured.out
-    elif utils.get_platform() == "pyodide":
+    elif frontend_name == "pyodide-build":
         assert "Usage: pyodide build" in captured.out
     else:
         assert "usage:" in captured.out

test/test_container_engine.py

@@ -12,7 +12,10 @@ basic_project = test_projects.new_c_project()
 
 
 def test_podman(
-    tmp_path: Path, capfd: pytest.CaptureFixture[str], request: pytest.FixtureRequest
+    tmp_path: Path,
+    capfd: pytest.CaptureFixture[str],
+    request: pytest.FixtureRequest,
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
 ) -> None:
     if utils.get_platform() != "linux":
         pytest.skip("the test is only relevant to the linux build")
@@ -20,6 +23,9 @@ def test_podman(
     if not request.config.getoption("--run-podman"):
         pytest.skip("needs --run-podman option to run")
 
+    # we can't use images cached in the docker_warmup_fixture autouse fixture
+    monkeypatch.delenv("CIBW_INTERNAL_PINNED_DOCKER_IMAGES", raising=False)
+
     project_dir = tmp_path / "project"
     basic_project.generate(project_dir)
 

unit_test/architecture_test.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import sys
 import pytest
 
 import cibuildwheel.architecture
+import cibuildwheel.errors
 from cibuildwheel.architecture import Architecture, arch_synonym
 
 TYPE_CHECKING = False
@@ -142,3 +143,33 @@ def test_arch_synonym(
     arch: str, from_platform: PlatformName, to_platform: PlatformName, expected: str | None
 ) -> None:
     assert arch_synonym(arch, from_platform, to_platform) == expected
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("config", "platform", "expected"),
+    [
+        # Case-insensitive, platform-resolved names (issue #2373).
+        ("arm64", "windows", {Architecture.ARM64}),
+        ("ARM64", "windows", {Architecture.ARM64}),
+        ("amd64", "windows", {Architecture.AMD64}),
+        ("AMD64", "windows", {Architecture.AMD64}),
+        ("X86", "windows", {Architecture.x86}),
+        ("x86", "windows", {Architecture.x86}),
+        # macOS resolves the lowercase arm64 even when given uppercase.
+        ("ARM64", "macos", {Architecture.arm64}),
+        ("arm64", "macos", {Architecture.arm64}),
+        ("X86_64", "macos", {Architecture.x86_64}),
+        # Multiple, mixed-case archs in one config string.
+        ("arm64 amd64", "windows", {Architecture.ARM64, Architecture.AMD64}),
+    ],
+)
+def test_arch_parse_config_case_insensitive(
+    config: str, platform: PlatformName, expected: set[Architecture]
+) -> None:
+    assert Architecture.parse_config(config, platform) == expected
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("platform", ["windows", "macos", "linux"])
+def test_arch_parse_config_invalid(platform: PlatformName) -> None:
+    with pytest.raises(cibuildwheel.errors.ConfigurationError):
+        Architecture.parse_config("nonexistent", platform)

unit_test/build_ids_test.py

@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
 import tomllib
+from pathlib import Path
 
+import pytest
 from packaging.version import Version
 
 from cibuildwheel.extra import Printable, dump_python_configurations
 from cibuildwheel.util import resources
 
+OPTIONS_MD = Path(__file__).parents[1] / "docs" / "options.md"
+
 
 def test_compare_configs() -> None:
     txt = resources.BUILD_PLATFORMS.read_text()
@@ -18,6 +22,20 @@ def test_compare_configs() -> None:
     assert new_txt == txt
 
 
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not OPTIONS_MD.is_file(), reason="docs/options.md not present")
+def test_all_identifiers_in_docs_table() -> None:
+    # The build-id table in docs/options.md is hand-maintained; this guards
+    # against forgetting an identifier when build-platforms.toml changes.
+    docs = OPTIONS_MD.read_text()
+    identifiers = [
+        config["identifier"]
+        for configs in resources.read_all_configs().values()
+        for config in configs
+    ]
+    missing = [i for i in identifiers if i not in docs]
+    assert not missing, f"Missing from docs/options.md build-id table: {missing}"
+
+
 def test_dump_with_Version() -> None:
     # MyPy doesn't understand deeply nested dicts correctly
     example: dict[str, dict[str, list[dict[str, Printable]]]] = {

unit_test/main_tests/main_options_test.py

@@ -173,19 +173,19 @@ def test_empty_selector(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     ("architecture", "image", "full_image"),
     [
-        ("x86_64", None, "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:*"),
-        ("x86_64", "manylinux2014", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:*"),
-        ("x86_64", "manylinux_2_28", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:*"),
-        ("x86_64", "manylinux_2_34", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_x86_64:*"),
+        ("x86_64", None, "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64@*"),
+        ("x86_64", "manylinux2014", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64@*"),
+        ("x86_64", "manylinux_2_28", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64@*"),
+        ("x86_64", "manylinux_2_34", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_x86_64@*"),
         ("x86_64", "custom_image", "custom_image"),
-        ("i686", None, "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_i686:*"),
-        ("i686", "manylinux2014", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:*"),
-        ("i686", "manylinux_2_28", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_i686:*"),
+        ("i686", None, "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_i686@*"),
+        ("i686", "manylinux2014", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686@*"),
+        ("i686", "manylinux_2_28", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_i686@*"),
         ("i686", "custom_image", "custom_image"),
-        ("pypy_x86_64", None, "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:*"),
-        ("pypy_x86_64", "manylinux2014", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:*"),
-        ("pypy_x86_64", "manylinux_2_28", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:*"),
-        ("pypy_x86_64", "manylinux_2_34", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_x86_64:*"),
+        ("pypy_x86_64", None, "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64@*"),
+        ("pypy_x86_64", "manylinux2014", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64@*"),
+        ("pypy_x86_64", "manylinux_2_28", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64@*"),
+        ("pypy_x86_64", "manylinux_2_34", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_x86_64@*"),
         ("pypy_x86_64", "custom_image", "custom_image"),
     ],
 )

unit_test/options_test.py

@@ -25,12 +25,21 @@ from cibuildwheel.options import (
     _get_pinned_container_images,
 )
 from cibuildwheel.platforms import ALL_PLATFORM_MODULES, get_build_identifiers
+from cibuildwheel.platforms.pyodide import (
+    PyodideXBuildEnvInfo,
+    validate_pyodide_target_python,
+)
+from cibuildwheel.platforms.pyodide import (
+    PythonConfiguration as PyodidePythonConfiguration,
+)
 from cibuildwheel.util import resources
 from cibuildwheel.util.packaging import DependencyConstraints
 
 TYPE_CHECKING = False
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from collections.abc import Sequence
+    from collections.abc import Callable, Sequence
+
+    from cibuildwheel.typing import PlatformName
 
 PYPROJECT_1 = """
 [tool.cibuildwheel]
@@ -106,6 +115,91 @@ def test_options_1(tmp_path: Path, monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
     assert local.pyodide_version == "0.29.4"
 
 
+@pytest.fixture
+def make_pyodide_xbuildenv_info() -> Callable[[str, str], PyodideXBuildEnvInfo]:
+    def _make(version: str, python: str) -> PyodideXBuildEnvInfo:
+        return {
+            "version": version,
+            "python": python,
+            "emscripten": "5.0.3",
+            "pyodide_build": {"min": None, "max": None},
+            "compatible": True,
+        }
+
+    return _make
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def make_pyodide_python_configuration() -> Callable[[str, str], PyodidePythonConfiguration]:
+    def _make(identifier: str, version: str) -> PyodidePythonConfiguration:
+        return PyodidePythonConfiguration(
+            version=version,
+            identifier=identifier,
+            default_pyodide_version="0.0.0",
+            node_version="v22",
+        )
+
+    return _make
+
+
+def test_validate_pyodide_target_python_matching(
+    make_pyodide_xbuildenv_info: Callable[[str, str], PyodideXBuildEnvInfo],
+    make_pyodide_python_configuration: Callable[[str, str], PyodidePythonConfiguration],
+) -> None:
+    xbuildenv_info = make_pyodide_xbuildenv_info("314.0.0", "3.14.2")
+    config = make_pyodide_python_configuration("cp314-pyodide_wasm32", "3.14")
+    # should not raise
+    validate_pyodide_target_python(xbuildenv_info, config)
+
+
+def test_validate_pyodide_target_python_mismatch(
+    make_pyodide_xbuildenv_info: Callable[[str, str], PyodideXBuildEnvInfo],
+    make_pyodide_python_configuration: Callable[[str, str], PyodidePythonConfiguration],
+) -> None:
+    # a Python 3.14 xbuildenv applied to a cp313-pyodide_wasm32 build, when a global
+    # pyodide-version is set across mismatched targets
+    xbuildenv_info = make_pyodide_xbuildenv_info("314.0.0", "3.14.2")
+    config = make_pyodide_python_configuration("cp313-pyodide_wasm32", "3.13")
+
+    with pytest.raises(errors.ConfigurationError) as exc_info:
+        validate_pyodide_target_python(xbuildenv_info, config)
+
+    message = str(exc_info.value)
+    assert "cp313-pyodide_wasm32" in message
+    assert "314.0.0" in message
+    assert "3.13" in message
+    assert "3.14" in message
+
+
+def test_test_and_audit_requires_with_dependency_specifiers(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    """Regression test for https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/issues/2912"""
+    pyproject_toml = tmp_path / "pyproject.toml"
+    pyproject_toml.write_text(
+        """
+[tool.cibuildwheel]
+test-requires = [
+    "pytest",
+    "pyzstd; python_version >= '3.14'",
+    "zarr>=3",
+]
+audit-requires = ["abi3audit; python_version >= '3.9'"]
+"""
+    )
+
+    args = CommandLineArguments.defaults()
+    args.package_dir = tmp_path
+
+    options = Options(platform="linux", command_line_arguments=args, env={})
+    build_options = options.build_options(identifier=None)
+
+    assert build_options.test_requires == [
+        "pytest",
+        "pyzstd; python_version >= '3.14'",
+        "zarr>=3",
+    ]
+    assert build_options.audit_requires == ["abi3audit; python_version >= '3.9'"]
+
+
 def test_passthrough(tmp_path: Path, monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
     with tmp_path.joinpath("pyproject.toml").open("w") as f:
         f.write(PYPROJECT_1)
@@ -388,6 +482,93 @@ def test_build_frontend_option(
         assert parsed_build_frontend.args == ()
 
 
+def test_pyodide_build_frontend_default(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    args = CommandLineArguments.defaults()
+    args.package_dir = tmp_path
+
+    tmp_path.joinpath("pyproject.toml").write_text("[tool.cibuildwheel]\n")
+
+    options = Options(platform="pyodide", command_line_arguments=args, env={})
+    build_frontend = options.build_options(identifier=None).build_frontend
+
+    assert build_frontend.name == "pyodide-build"
+    assert build_frontend.args == []
+
+
+def test_pyodide_build_frontend_args(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    args = CommandLineArguments.defaults()
+    args.package_dir = tmp_path
+
+    tmp_path.joinpath("pyproject.toml").write_text(
+        textwrap.dedent(
+            """\
+            [tool.cibuildwheel.pyodide]
+            build-frontend = {name = "pyodide-build", args = ["--exports=whole_archive"]}
+            """
+        )
+    )
+
+    options = Options(platform="pyodide", command_line_arguments=args, env={})
+    build_frontend = options.build_options(identifier=None).build_frontend
+
+    assert build_frontend.name == "pyodide-build"
+    assert build_frontend.args == ["--exports=whole_archive"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "build_frontend_str",
+    ["default", "pip", "build", "build[uv]", "uv"],
+)
+def test_pyodide_global_build_frontend_coerced(tmp_path: Path, build_frontend_str: str) -> None:
+    """A global non-pyodide frontend setting is coerced to pyodide-build, not an error."""
+    args = CommandLineArguments.defaults()
+    args.package_dir = tmp_path
+
+    tmp_path.joinpath("pyproject.toml").write_text(
+        textwrap.dedent(
+            f"""\
+            [tool.cibuildwheel]
+            build-frontend = "{build_frontend_str}"
+            """
+        )
+    )
+
+    options = Options(platform="pyodide", command_line_arguments=args, env={})
+    build_frontend = options.build_options(identifier=None).build_frontend
+
+    assert build_frontend.name == "pyodide-build"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("platform", "build_frontend_str"),
+    [
+        ("linux", "pyodide-build"),
+        ("macos", "pyodide-build"),
+        ("windows", "pyodide-build"),
+        ("android", "pyodide-build"),
+        ("ios", "pyodide-build"),
+    ],
+)
+def test_build_frontend_platform_mismatch(
+    tmp_path: Path, platform: PlatformName, build_frontend_str: str
+) -> None:
+    args = CommandLineArguments.defaults()
+    args.package_dir = tmp_path
+
+    tmp_path.joinpath("pyproject.toml").write_text(
+        textwrap.dedent(
+            f"""\
+            [tool.cibuildwheel]
+            build-frontend = "{build_frontend_str}"
+            """
+        )
+    )
+
+    options = Options(platform=platform, command_line_arguments=args, env={})
+    with pytest.raises(errors.ConfigurationError):
+        options.build_options(identifier=None)
+
+
 def test_override_inherit_environment(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     args = CommandLineArguments.defaults()
     args.package_dir = tmp_path
@@ -571,10 +752,15 @@ def test_deprecated_image(
         ("build", 3, ["-Ca", "-Cb", "-1", "-vv"]),
         ("build[uv]", 3, ["-Ca", "-Cb", "-1", "-vv"]),
         ("uv", 3, ["-Ca", "-Cb", "-1", "-vv"]),
+        ("pyodide-build", -1, ["-Ca", "-Cb", "-1"]),
+        ("pyodide-build", 0, ["-Ca", "-Cb", "-1"]),
+        ("pyodide-build", 1, ["-Ca", "-Cb", "-1", "-v"]),
+        ("pyodide-build", 2, ["-Ca", "-Cb", "-1", "-vv"]),
+        ("pyodide-build", 3, ["-Ca", "-Cb", "-1", "-vv"]),
     ],
 )
 def test_get_build_frontend_extra_flags(
-    frontend: Literal["pip", "build", "build[uv]"],
+    frontend: Literal["pip", "build", "build[uv]", "uv", "pyodide-build"],
     verbosity: int,
     result: list[str],
     monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
@@ -666,6 +852,31 @@ def test_test_runtime_handling(
     assert local.test_runtime.args == expected_args
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("platform", "platform_envvar"),
+    [
+        ("android", "CIBW_TEST_RUNTIME_ANDROID"),
+        ("ios", "CIBW_TEST_RUNTIME_IOS"),
+    ],
+)
+def test_test_runtime_platform_environment(
+    tmp_path: Path, platform: PlatformName, platform_envvar: str
+) -> None:
+    args = CommandLineArguments.defaults()
+    args.package_dir = tmp_path
+
+    options = Options(
+        platform=platform,
+        command_line_arguments=args,
+        env={
+            "CIBW_TEST_RUNTIME": "args: --global",
+            platform_envvar: "args: --platform-specific",
+        },
+    )
+
+    assert options.build_options(None).test_runtime.args == ["--platform-specific"]
+
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     ("definition", "expected"),
     [

unit_test/venv_test.py

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import os
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+
+import cibuildwheel.venv
+from cibuildwheel.venv import activate_virtualenv, find_uv, virtualenv
+
+
+def test_activate_virtualenv(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    venv_path = tmp_path / "venv"
+    env = activate_virtualenv(venv_path, env={"PATH": "/usr/bin"})
+    paths = env["PATH"].split(os.pathsep)
+    if sys.platform == "win32":
+        assert paths[:2] == [str(venv_path), str(venv_path / "Scripts")]
+    else:
+        assert paths[0] == str(venv_path / "bin")
+    assert paths[-1] == "/usr/bin"
+    assert env["VIRTUAL_ENV"] == str(venv_path)
+
+
+def test_activate_virtualenv_base_python_bin_dir(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    venv_path = tmp_path / "venv"
+    base_bin = tmp_path / "base" / "bin"
+    env = activate_virtualenv(venv_path, env={"PATH": "/usr/bin"}, base_python_bin_dir=base_bin)
+    paths = env["PATH"].split(os.pathsep)
+    # the base interpreter's bin dir comes right after the venv, so scripts
+    # like python3-config resolve to the matching interpreter (see #2021)
+    if sys.platform == "win32":
+        assert paths[:3] == [str(venv_path), str(venv_path / "Scripts"), str(base_bin)]
+    else:
+        assert paths[:2] == [str(venv_path / "bin"), str(base_bin)]
+    assert paths[-1] == "/usr/bin"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform == "win32", reason="POSIX-only behavior")
+@pytest.mark.skipif(find_uv() is None, reason="requires uv")
+def test_virtualenv_puts_base_python_bin_dir_on_path(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    version = "{}.{}".format(*sys.version_info[:2])
+    venv_path = tmp_path / "venv"
+    env = virtualenv(
+        version, Path(sys.executable), venv_path, None, use_uv=True, env={"PATH": "/usr/bin"}
+    )
+    paths = env["PATH"].split(os.pathsep)
+    assert paths == [str(venv_path / "bin"), str(Path(sys.executable).parent), "/usr/bin"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(find_uv() is None, reason="requires uv")
+def test_virtualenv_no_base_python_bin_dir_on_windows(
+    tmp_path: Path, monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch
+) -> None:
+    monkeypatch.setattr(cibuildwheel.venv, "_IS_WIN", True)
+    version = "{}.{}".format(*sys.version_info[:2])
+    venv_path = tmp_path / "venv"
+    env = virtualenv(
+        version, Path(sys.executable), venv_path, None, use_uv=True, env={"PATH": "/usr/bin"}
+    )
+    paths = env["PATH"].split(os.pathsep)
+    assert str(Path(sys.executable).parent) not in paths