Bump version: v4.1.0

Remove Travis pre-commit check
chore: minor cleanups and perf tweaks from code review (#2910 )
2026-06-12 17:02:22 +01:00 · 2026-06-12 16:42:14 +01:00 · 2026-06-12 16:03:36 +01:00 · 2026-06-12 14:24:15 +01:00 · 2026-06-12 14:02:09 +01:00 · 2026-06-12 14:01:49 +01:00
59 changed files with 697 additions and 302 deletions
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ jobs:
    # for oci_container unit tests
    - name: Set up QEMU
      if: runner.os == 'Linux'
-      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@ce360397dd3f832beb865e1373c09c0e9f86d70a # v4.0.0
+      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@06116385d9baf250c9f4dcb4858b16962ea869c3 # v4.1.0

    - name: Set up Xcode
      if: ${{ startsWith(matrix.os, 'macos-15') }}
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ jobs:
      run: uv sync --no-dev --group test

    - name: Set up QEMU
-      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@ce360397dd3f832beb865e1373c09c0e9f86d70a # v4.0.0
+      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@06116385d9baf250c9f4dcb4858b16962ea869c3 # v4.1.0

    - name: Run the emulation tests
      env:
@@ -77,6 +77,14 @@ repos:
    files: '^(README\.md|docs/changelog\.md|docs/options\.md|bin/readme.*)$'
    additional_dependencies: [cogapp>=3.5]

+- repo: https://github.com/henryiii/flake8-lazy
+  rev: 65b94e97b1091634368592d98072160842265fe4  # frozen: v0.8.2
+  hooks:
+  - id: flake8-lazy
+    args: ["--apply=set"]
+    files: '^cibuildwheel'
+    exclude: "^cibuildwheel/resources/"
+
 - repo: https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell
  rev: 2ccb47ff45ad361a21071a7eedda4c37e6ae8c5a  # frozen: v2.4.2
  hooks:
@@ -93,7 +101,6 @@ repos:
    - id: check-github-workflows
    - id: check-gitlab-ci
    - id: check-readthedocs
-    - id: check-travis
    - id: check-jsonschema
      name: Check projects
      args: [--schemafile, docs/data/projects.schema.json]
@@ -24,25 +24,23 @@ While cibuildwheel itself requires a recent Python version to run (we support th

 |                          | macOS Intel | macOS Apple Silicon | Windows 64bit | Windows 32bit | Windows Arm64  | manylinux<br/>musllinux x86_64 | manylinux<br/>musllinux i686 | manylinux<br/>musllinux aarch64 | manylinux<br/>musllinux ppc64le | manylinux<br/>musllinux s390x | manylinux<br/>musllinux armv7l | Android | iOS | Pyodide        |
 | ------------------------ | ----------- | ------------------- | ------------- | ------------- | -------------- | ------------------------------ | ---------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------------------ | ------- | --- | -------------- |
-| CPython 3.9              | ✅          | ✅                  | ✅            | ✅            | ✅<sup>2</sup> | ✅                             | ✅                           | ✅                              | ✅                              | ✅                            | ✅<sup>5</sup>                 | N/A     | N/A | N/A            |
-| CPython 3.10             | ✅          | ✅                  | ✅            | ✅            | ✅<sup>2</sup> | ✅                             | ✅                           | ✅                              | ✅                              | ✅                            | ✅<sup>5</sup>                 | N/A     | N/A | N/A            |
-| CPython 3.11             | ✅          | ✅                  | ✅            | ✅            | ✅<sup>2</sup> | ✅                             | ✅                           | ✅                              | ✅                              | ✅                            | ✅<sup>5</sup>                 | N/A     | N/A | N/A            |
-| CPython 3.12             | ✅          | ✅                  | ✅            | ✅            | ✅<sup>2</sup> | ✅                             | ✅                           | ✅                              | ✅                              | ✅                            | ✅<sup>5</sup>                 | N/A     | N/A | ✅<sup>3</sup> |
-| CPython 3.13             | ✅          | ✅                  | ✅            | ✅            | ✅<sup>2</sup> | ✅                             | ✅                           | ✅                              | ✅                              | ✅                            | ✅<sup>5</sup>                 | ✅      | ✅  | ✅             |
-| CPython 3.14             | ✅          | ✅                  | ✅            | ✅            | ✅<sup>2</sup> | ✅                             | ✅                           | ✅                              | ✅                              | ✅                            | ✅<sup>5</sup>                 | ✅      | ✅  | ✅<sup>4</sup> |
-| CPython 3.15<sup>6</sup> | ✅          | ✅                  | ✅            | ✅            | ✅<sup>2</sup> | ✅                             | ✅                           | ✅                              | ✅                              | ✅                            | ✅<sup>5</sup>                 | ✅      | ✅  | N/A            |
+| CPython 3.9              | ✅          | ✅                  | ✅            | ✅            | ✅<sup>2</sup> | ✅                             | ✅                           | ✅                              | ✅                              | ✅                            | ✅<sup>4</sup>                 | N/A     | N/A | N/A            |
+| CPython 3.10             | ✅          | ✅                  | ✅            | ✅            | ✅<sup>2</sup> | ✅                             | ✅                           | ✅                              | ✅                              | ✅                            | ✅<sup>4</sup>                 | N/A     | N/A | N/A            |
+| CPython 3.11             | ✅          | ✅                  | ✅            | ✅            | ✅<sup>2</sup> | ✅                             | ✅                           | ✅                              | ✅                              | ✅                            | ✅<sup>4</sup>                 | N/A     | N/A | N/A            |
+| CPython 3.12             | ✅          | ✅                  | ✅            | ✅            | ✅<sup>2</sup> | ✅                             | ✅                           | ✅                              | ✅                              | ✅                            | ✅<sup>4</sup>                 | N/A     | N/A | ✅<sup>3</sup> |
+| CPython 3.13             | ✅          | ✅                  | ✅            | ✅            | ✅<sup>2</sup> | ✅                             | ✅                           | ✅                              | ✅                              | ✅                            | ✅<sup>4</sup>                 | ✅      | ✅  | ✅             |
+| CPython 3.14             | ✅          | ✅                  | ✅            | ✅            | ✅<sup>2</sup> | ✅                             | ✅                           | ✅                              | ✅                              | ✅                            | ✅<sup>4</sup>                 | ✅      | ✅  | ✅             |
+| CPython 3.15<sup>5</sup> | ✅          | ✅                  | ✅            | ✅            | ✅<sup>2</sup> | ✅                             | ✅                           | ✅                              | ✅                              | ✅                            | ✅<sup>4</sup>                 | ✅      | ✅  | N/A            |
 | PyPy 3.9 v7.3            | ✅          | ✅                  | ✅            | N/A           | N/A            | ✅<sup>1</sup>                 | ✅<sup>1</sup>               | ✅<sup>1</sup>                  | N/A                             | N/A                           | N/A                            | N/A     | N/A | N/A            |
 | PyPy 3.10 v7.3           | ✅          | ✅                  | ✅            | N/A           | N/A            | ✅<sup>1</sup>                 | ✅<sup>1</sup>               | ✅<sup>1</sup>                  | N/A                             | N/A                           | N/A                            | N/A     | N/A | N/A            |
 | PyPy 3.11 v7.3           | ✅          | ✅                  | ✅            | N/A           | N/A            | ✅<sup>1</sup>                 | ✅<sup>1</sup>               | ✅<sup>1</sup>                  | N/A                             | N/A                           | N/A                            | N/A     | N/A | N/A            |
-| GraalPy 3.11 v24.2       | ✅          | ✅                  | ✅            | N/A           | N/A            | ✅<sup>1</sup>                 | N/A                          | ✅<sup>1</sup>                  | N/A                             | N/A                           | N/A                            | N/A     | N/A | N/A            |
 | GraalPy 3.12 v25.0       | ✅          | ✅                  | ✅            | N/A           | N/A            | ✅<sup>1</sup>                 | N/A                          | ✅<sup>1</sup>                  | N/A                             | N/A                           | N/A                            | N/A     | N/A | N/A            |

 <sup>**1** PyPy & GraalPy are only supported for manylinux wheels.</sup><br>
 <sup>**2** Windows arm64 support is experimental.</sup><br>
 <sup>**3** Not supported on PyPI, uses old `pyodide` tag instead of `pyemscripten`. Requires `pyodide-eol` [`enable`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable).</sup><br>
-<sup>**4** Experimental alpha ABI, do not upload to PyPI yet.</sup><br>
-<sup>**5** manylinux armv7l support is experimental. As there are no RHEL based image for this architecture, it's using an Ubuntu based image instead.</sup><br>
-<sup>**6** Python 3.15 requires opt-in using [`enable`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable).</sup><br>
+<sup>**4** manylinux armv7l support is experimental. As there are no RHEL based image for this architecture, it's using an Ubuntu based image instead.</sup><br>
+<sup>**5** Python 3.15 requires opt-in using [`enable`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable).</sup><br>

 - Builds manylinux, musllinux, macOS, Windows, pyemscripten, iOS, and Android wheels
 - Supports CPython, PyPy, and GraalPy
@@ -100,7 +98,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/setup-python@v6

      - name: Install cibuildwheel
-        run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.0.0rc2
+        run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.1.0

      - name: Build wheels
        run: python -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
@@ -241,15 +239,40 @@ Changelog

 <!-- [[[cog from readme_changelog import mini_changelog; print(mini_changelog()) ]]] -->

-### v4.0.0rc2
+### v4.1.0

-_5 June 2026_
+_12 June 2026_
+
+- ✨ Updates Pyodide to the final 314.0.0 release, so Pyodide 3.14 wheels now build by default without the `pyodide-prerelease` [`enable`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable) flag. (#2906)
+- 🐛 Raises clear errors when a build produces no wheel, instead of failing later with a confusing message (#2909)
+- 🛠 Speeds up CLI startup through lazy imports on Python 3.15 (#2797)
+- 📚 Adds an FAQ section on caching cibuildwheel's downloaded tools with `CIBW_CACHE_PATH` (#2842)
+- 📚 Documentation improvements: clarifies which shell is used for command options, clarifies environment variable precedence, and fixes a dead Pyodide env info link (#2904, #2905, #2911)
+
+### v4.0.0
+
+_7 June 2026_
+
+See @henryiii's [release post](https://iscinumpy.dev/post/cibuildwheel-4-0-0/) for more info on new features!
+
+- 🌟 Adds wheel auditing with `abi3audit` as a default after the repair step, with new [`audit-requires`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#audit-requires) and [`audit-command`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#audit-command) options (#2805)
+- 🌟 Adds `pyemscripten` platform tag support (PEP 783), updates Pyodide to 314.0.0a2, and adds a `pyodide-eol` [`enable`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable) flag for building end-of-life Pyodide versions (#2812, #2848)
+- 🌟 Sets up `delvewheel` as the default [`repair-wheel-command`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#repair-wheel-command) for Windows, so extension module DLLs are now bundled automatically. Skip by setting it to empty if not needed. (#2831)
+- ✨ Adds CPython 3.15 support, under the [`enable` option](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable) `cpython-prerelease`. This version of cibuildwheel uses 3.15.0b2. (#2833, #2850)
+
+    _While CPython is in beta, the ABI can change, so your wheels might not be compatible with the final release. For this reason, we don't recommend distributing wheels until RC1, at which point 3.15 will be available in cibuildwheel without the flag._

 - ✨ Adds CPython 3.15 support for iOS and Android (#2857, #2858)
 - ✨ Adds Android improvements for building NumPy and related packages, including auditwheel support, pkg-config and Fortran configuration, and the [`xbuild-files`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#xbuild-files) option (#2695)
 - ✨ Adds `CIBUILDWHEEL_BUILD_IDENTIFIER` environment variable set to the current build identifier (e.g. `cp311-manylinux_x86_64`) during per-build steps (#2872)
+- ✨ Adds `{project}` and `{package}` placeholders to [`config-settings`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#config-settings) (#2827)
+- ⚠️ Drops support for Python 3.8 (#2686)
+- ⚠️ Removes the experimental CPython 3.13 free-threading builds and the `cpython-freethreading` [`enable`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable) option. CPython 3.14+ free-threading support remains available without the enable flag. (#2684)
+- ⚠️ Drops support for Cirrus CI, which is shutting down June 1, 2026 (#2817)
+- ⚠️ Drops GraalPy 3.11 (gp311) support, as agreed in #2741, and removes GraalPy 24-only workarounds (#2895)
 - 🔐 Adds SHA256 verification for direct downloads of Python interpreters, virtualenv, and python-build-standalone assets (#2873)
 - 🔐 Adds tarfile extraction filter for safe archive extraction (#2856)
+- 🐛 Fixes `UV_PYTHON` not being set for [`before-build`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#before-build) on Linux when using `uv` as the [`build-frontend`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#build-frontend) (#2830)
 - 🐛 Fixes detection of musl libc when downloading python-build-standalone, which previously always selected the gnu asset on musl hosts like Alpine (#2889)
 - 🐛 Fixes [`config-settings`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#config-settings) expansion when `{project}` or `{package}` contains spaces or backslashes (#2886)
 - 🐛 Prevents deadlock when `linux32` fails and forwards platform args to the sanity check (#2880, #2888)
@@ -257,45 +280,30 @@ _5 June 2026_
 - 🐛 Removes potential partial cache-population in case of error (#2892)
 - 🐛 Raises a clear error when `ANDROID_API_LEVEL` is not an integer (#2891)
 - 🐛 Replaces assert with proper exception in python-build-standalone (#2859)
- 🛠 Updates dependencies and container pins (#2893, #2882, #2874, #2868, #2862, #2884)
- 🛠 Minor fixups across error messages, OCI container, and options (#2860)
- 📚 Updates documentation for delvewheel as the default Windows [`repair-wheel-command`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#repair-wheel-command), including the build diagram, schema defaults, and legal note (#2877, #2853, #2891)
- 📚 Adds intersphinx support for external documentation linking (#2871)
- 📚 Removes outdated numpy info (#2855)
- 💼 Improves Azure test reliability with retries and caching (#2890)
- 💼 Fixes Windows GitLab CI test running (#2870)
- 💼 Updates CI action pins (#2867)
- 💼 Adds agent and copilot setup files (#2861)
- 💼 Uses `if TYPE_CHECKING:` blocks (#2866, #2864)
- 🧪 Adds unit tests for `OCIContainer._get_platform_args` (#2878)
-
-### v4.0.0rc1
-
-_14 May 2026_
-
- 🌟 Adds wheel auditing with `abi3audit` as a default after the repair step, with new [`audit-requires`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#audit-requires) and [`audit-command`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#audit-command) options (#2805)
- 🌟 Adds `pyemscripten` platform tag support (PEP 783), updates Pyodide to 314.0.0a1, and adds a `pyodide-eol` [`enable`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable) flag for building end-of-life Pyodide versions (#2812, #2848)
- 🌟 Sets up `delvewheel` as the default [`repair-wheel-command`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#repair-wheel-command) for Windows, so extension module DLLs are now bundled automatically. Skip by setting it to empty if not needed. (#2831)
- ✨ Adds CPython 3.15 support, under the [`enable` option](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable) `cpython-prerelease`. This version of cibuildwheel uses 3.15.0b1. (#2833, #2850)
-
-    _While CPython is in beta, the ABI can change, so your wheels might not be compatible with the final release. For this reason, we don't recommend distributing wheels until RC1, at which point 3.14 will be available in cibuildwheel without the flag._ (#2390)
- ✨ Adds `{project}` and `{package}` placeholders to [`config-settings`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#config-settings) (#2827)
- ⚠️ Drops support for Python 3.8 (#2686)
- ⚠️ Removes the experimental CPython 3.13 free-threading builds and the `cpython-freethreading` [`enable`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable) option. CPython 3.14+ free-threading support remains available without the enable flag. (#2684)
- ⚠️ Drops support for Cirrus CI, which is shutting down June 1, 2026 (#2817)
- 🐛 Fixes `UV_PYTHON` not being set for [`before-build`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#before-build) on Linux when using `uv` as the [`build-frontend`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#build-frontend) (#2830)
+- 🐛 Uses ConfigurationError when `package_dir` is outside cwd instead of a generic Exception (#2898)
+- 🛠 Updates dependencies and container pins (#2893, #2882, #2874, #2868, #2862, #2884, #2845, #2837, #2818, #2810, #2838, #2813)
 - 🛠 Updates Android to Python 3.13.13 and 3.14.4 (#2821)
 - 🛠 Applies Pyodide-specific patches to the Emscripten toolchain installation (#2800)
- 🛠 Updates dependencies and container pins (#2845, #2837, #2821, #2818, #2810, #2838, #2813)
 - 🛠 Uses `python -V -V` for Windows build diagnostics (#2832)
+- 🛠 Simplifies pinned container image lookup (#2897)
+- 🛠 Minor fixups across error messages, OCI container, and options (#2860)
+- 💼 Adds PEP 723 metadata for `bin/` scripts and drops the `bin` dependency group (#2819)
+- 💼 Improves Azure test reliability with retries and caching (#2890)
+- 💼 Fixes Windows GitLab CI test running (#2870)
+- 💼 Updates CI action pins and dev dependencies (#2902, #2867, #2851, #2843, #2826, #2823, #2820, #2807)
+- 💼 Adds agent and copilot setup files (#2861)
+- 💼 Uses `if TYPE_CHECKING:` blocks (#2866, #2864)
+- 🧪 Fixes Android tests using the `uv` frontend (#2809)
+- 🧪 Fixes the update-dependencies workflow to use `uv` to run `nox` (#2808)
+- 🧪 Adds unit tests for `OCIContainer._get_platform_args` (#2878)
+- 📚 Updates documentation for delvewheel as the default Windows [`repair-wheel-command`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#repair-wheel-command), including the build diagram, schema defaults, and legal note (#2877, #2853, #2891)
 - 📚 Documents platform-specific [`before-build`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#before-build) configuration (#2834)
 - 📚 Updates the "How it works" diagram with details of Android, iOS, and Pyodide builds (#2816)
 - 📚 Adds Pyodide icon and regenerates working examples data for Android, iOS, and Pyodide (#2815, #2811)
+- 📚 Adds intersphinx support for external documentation linking (#2871)
+- 📚 Adds instructions for building CUDA wheels and fixes manylinux container references in FAQ (#2896, #2900)
 - 📚 Links back to source in docs (#2806)
- 💼 Adds PEP 723 metadata for `bin/` scripts and drops the `bin` dependency group (#2819)
- 💼 Updates CI action pins and dev dependencies (#2851, #2843, #2826, #2823, #2820, #2807)
- 🧪 Fixes Android tests using the `uv` frontend (#2809)
- 🧪 Fixes the update-dependencies workflow to use `uv` to run `nox` (#2808)
+- 📚 Removes outdated numpy info (#2855)


 ### v3.4.1
@@ -326,7 +334,7 @@ _5 January 2026_

 - 🛠 Update dependencies and container pins, including updating to CPython 3.14.2. (#2708)

-<!-- [[[end]]] (sum: x/zQO1S1XP) -->
+<!-- [[[end]]] (sum: s3fkxPyqwC) -->

 ---

@@ -124,14 +124,22 @@ class GraalPyVersions:
        response.raise_for_status()

        releases = response.json()
-        gp_version_re = re.compile(r"-(\d+\.\d+\.\d+)$")
+        gp_asset_re = re.compile(
+            r"^(?P<prefix>graalpy(?P<cpython>\d+\.\d+)?-(?P<graalpy>\d+\.\d+\.\d+))-"
+        )
        cp_version_re = re.compile(r"Python (\d+\.\d+(?:\.\d+)?)")
        for release in releases:
-            m = gp_version_re.search(release["tag_name"])
-            if m:
-                release["graalpy_version"] = Version(m.group(1))
-            m = cp_version_re.search(release["body"])
-            if m:
+            for asset in release["assets"]:
+                m = gp_asset_re.match(asset["name"])
+                if m:
+                    release["asset_prefix"] = m.group("prefix")
+                    release["graalpy_version"] = Version(m.group("graalpy"))
+                    if m.group("cpython"):
+                        release["python_version"] = Version(m.group("cpython"))
+                    break
+            if "python_version" not in release and (
+                m := cp_version_re.search(release["body"] or "")
+            ):
                release["python_version"] = Version(m.group(1))

        self.releases = [r for r in releases if "graalpy_version" in r and "python_version" in r]
@@ -172,12 +180,11 @@ class GraalPyVersions:
        ext = "zip" if "win" in identifier else "tar.gz"
        for release in reversed(releases):
            version = release["python_version"]
-            gpversion = release["graalpy_version"]
            urls = [
                rf["browser_download_url"]
                for rf in release["assets"]
                if rf["name"].endswith(f"{platform}-{arch}.{ext}")
-                and rf["name"].startswith(f"graalpy-{gpversion.major}")
+                and rf["name"].startswith(release["asset_prefix"])
            ]
            if not urls:
                continue
@@ -1 +1 @@
-__version__ = "4.0.0rc2"
+__version__ = "4.1.0"
@@ -1,9 +1,35 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {
+    "argparse",
+    "cibuildwheel._compat",
+    "cibuildwheel._compat.tarfile",
+    "cibuildwheel.architecture",
+    "cibuildwheel.ci",
+    "cibuildwheel.logger",
+    "cibuildwheel.options",
+    "cibuildwheel.platforms",
+    "cibuildwheel.selector",
+    "cibuildwheel.typing",
+    "cibuildwheel.util",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.file",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.helpers",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.resources",
+    "contextlib",
+    "functools",
+    "io",
+    "pathlib",
+    "shutil",
+    "tempfile",
+    "textwrap",
+    "traceback",
+}
+
 import argparse
 import contextlib
 import dataclasses
 import functools
+import io
 import os
 import shutil
 import sys
@@ -30,7 +56,7 @@ from cibuildwheel.util.resources import read_all_configs
 TYPE_CHECKING = False
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from collections.abc import Generator, Iterable, Sequence
-    from typing import Any, Literal, TextIO
+    from typing import Literal


@dataclasses.dataclass
@@ -44,23 +70,6 @@ class FileReport:
    size: str


-# Taken from https://stackoverflow.com/a/107717
-class Unbuffered:
-    def __init__(self, stream: TextIO) -> None:
-        self.stream = stream
-
-    def write(self, data: str) -> None:
-        self.stream.write(data)
-        self.stream.flush()
-
-    def writelines(self, data: Iterable[str]) -> None:
-        self.stream.writelines(data)
-        self.stream.flush()
-
-    def __getattr__(self, attr: str) -> Any:  # noqa: ANN401
-        return getattr(self.stream, attr)
-
-
 def main() -> None:
    global_options = GlobalOptions()
    try:
@@ -360,10 +369,11 @@ def build_in_directory(args: CommandLineArguments) -> None:
    # Add CIBUILDWHEEL environment variable
    os.environ["CIBUILDWHEEL"] = "1"

-    # Python is buffering by default when running on the CI platforms, giving
-    # problems interleaving subprocess call output with unflushed calls to
-    # 'print'
-    sys.stdout = Unbuffered(sys.stdout)
+    # Python block-buffers stdout when it isn't a tty, which de-interleaves
+    # `print` output and direct fd-1 writes from subprocesses sharing this
+    # stdout. line_buffering allows each newline to flush all the way to fd-1.
+    if isinstance(sys.stdout, io.TextIOWrapper):
+        sys.stdout.reconfigure(line_buffering=True)

    # create the cache dir before it gets printed & builds performed
    CIBW_CACHE_PATH.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {"platform", "re", "shutil", "subprocess"}
+
 import platform as platform_module
 import re
 import shutil
@@ -1,5 +1,16 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {
+    "cibuildwheel.logger",
+    "cibuildwheel.util",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.cmd",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.helpers",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.packaging",
+    "cibuildwheel.venv",
+    "pathlib",
+    "subprocess",
+}
+
 import subprocess
 import sys
 from pathlib import Path
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {"bashlex", "subprocess"}
+
 import dataclasses
 import subprocess

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+__lazy_modules__ = {"cibuildwheel.util", "cibuildwheel.util.helpers"}
+
 import os
 import re
 from enum import Enum
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {"bashlex", "bashlex.errors"}
+
 import dataclasses
 from typing import Protocol

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ a different return code, by defining them all here, we can ensure that they're
 semantically clear and unique.
 """

+__lazy_modules__ = {"textwrap"}
+
 import textwrap


@@ -109,3 +111,19 @@ class AuditCommandFailedError(FatalError):
    def __init__(self, message: str) -> None:
        super().__init__(message)
        self.return_code = 9
+
+
+class BuildProducedNoWheelError(FatalError):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        message = textwrap.dedent(
+            """
+            Build failed because the build frontend completed successfully but
+            did not produce a wheel.
+
+            This usually indicates a problem with your project configuration or
+            build backend. Check your project configuration, or run cibuildwheel
+            with CIBW_BUILD_VERBOSITY=1 to view build logs.
+            """
+        )
+        super().__init__(message)
+        self.return_code = 10
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ These are utilities for the `/bin` scripts, not for the `cibuildwheel` program.

 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {"io", "json", "urllib", "urllib.error", "urllib.request"}
+
 import json
 import time
 import typing
@@ -103,7 +105,7 @@ class PyodideXBuildEnvInfo(typing.TypedDict):

 def get_pyodide_xbuildenv_info() -> PyodideXBuildEnvInfo:
    xbuildenv_info_url = (
-        "https://pyodide.github.io/pyodide/api/pyodide-cross-build-environments.json"
+        "https://pyodide.github.io/pyodide/api/v2/pyodide-cross-build-environments.json"
    )
    with urllib.request.urlopen(xbuildenv_info_url) as response:
        return typing.cast("PyodideXBuildEnvInfo", json.loads(response.read().decode("utf-8")))
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {"cibuildwheel.util", "cibuildwheel.util.helpers", "shlex"}
+
 import dataclasses
 import shlex
 import typing
@@ -1,5 +1,17 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {
+    "cibuildwheel.ci",
+    "contextlib",
+    "functools",
+    "hashlib",
+    "humanize",
+    "io",
+    "pathlib",
+    "re",
+    "textwrap",
+}
+
 import codecs
 import contextlib
 import dataclasses
@@ -363,11 +375,11 @@ class Logger:
        out.write("\n")
        return out.getvalue()

-    @property
+    @functools.cached_property
    def colors(self) -> Colors:
        return Colors(enabled=self.colors_enabled)

-    @property
+    @functools.cached_property
    def symbols(self) -> Symbols:
        return Symbols(unicode=self.unicode_enabled)

@@ -1,5 +1,23 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {
+    "cibuildwheel.ci",
+    "cibuildwheel.errors",
+    "cibuildwheel.logger",
+    "cibuildwheel.util",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.cmd",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.helpers",
+    "contextlib",
+    "io",
+    "json",
+    "platform",
+    "shlex",
+    "shutil",
+    "subprocess",
+    "textwrap",
+    "uuid",
+}
+
 import contextlib
 import dataclasses
 import io
@@ -1,5 +1,29 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {
+    "cibuildwheel.architecture",
+    "cibuildwheel.environment",
+    "cibuildwheel.frontend",
+    "cibuildwheel.logger",
+    "cibuildwheel.oci_container",
+    "cibuildwheel.projectfiles",
+    "cibuildwheel.selector",
+    "cibuildwheel.typing",
+    "cibuildwheel.util",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.helpers",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.packaging",
+    "collections",
+    "configparser",
+    "contextlib",
+    "difflib",
+    "packaging",
+    "packaging.specifiers",
+    "pathlib",
+    "shlex",
+    "textwrap",
+    "tomllib",
+}
+
 import collections
 import configparser
 import contextlib
@@ -880,11 +904,7 @@ class Options:
                        f"manylinux-{build_platform}-image", ignore_empty=True
                    )
                    self._check_pinned_image(config_value, pinned_images)
-                    if config_value in pinned_images:
-                        image = pinned_images[config_value]
-                    else:
-                        image = config_value
-                    manylinux_images[build_platform] = image
+                    manylinux_images[build_platform] = pinned_images.get(config_value, config_value)

                for build_platform in MUSLLINUX_ARCHS:
                    pinned_images = all_pinned_container_images[build_platform]
@@ -892,11 +912,7 @@ class Options:
                        f"musllinux-{build_platform}-image", ignore_empty=True
                    )
                    self._check_pinned_image(config_value, pinned_images)
-                    if config_value in pinned_images:
-                        image = pinned_images[config_value]
-                    else:
-                        image = config_value
-                    musllinux_images[build_platform] = image
+                    musllinux_images[build_platform] = pinned_images.get(config_value, config_value)

            container_engine_str = self.reader.get(
                "container-engine",
@@ -1,5 +1,33 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {
+    "build",
+    "build.env",
+    "cibuildwheel.architecture",
+    "cibuildwheel.audit",
+    "cibuildwheel.frontend",
+    "cibuildwheel.logger",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.cmd",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.file",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.helpers",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.packaging",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.python_build_standalone",
+    "cibuildwheel.venv",
+    "filelock",
+    "packaging",
+    "packaging.utils",
+    "pathlib",
+    "platform",
+    "pprint",
+    "re",
+    "runpy",
+    "shlex",
+    "shutil",
+    "subprocess",
+    "textwrap",
+    "typing",
+}
+
 import os
 import platform
 import re
@@ -410,10 +438,14 @@ def setup_android_env(
    #   * a key=value string, without quotes
    for i, token in enumerate(shlex.split(env_output)):
        if i % 2 == 0:
-            assert token == "export", token
+            if token != "export":
+                msg = f"Unexpected output from android.py env: expected 'export', got {token!r}"
+                raise errors.FatalError(msg)
        else:
            key, sep, value = token.partition("=")
-            assert sep == "=", token
+            if sep != "=":
+                msg = f"Unexpected output from android.py env: expected 'key=value', got {token!r}"
+                raise errors.FatalError(msg)
            android_env[key] = value

    # localized_vars cleared the CFLAGS and CXXFLAGS in the sysconfigdata, but most
@@ -1,5 +1,28 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {
+    "cibuildwheel.audit",
+    "cibuildwheel.frontend",
+    "cibuildwheel.logger",
+    "cibuildwheel.platforms.macos",
+    "cibuildwheel.util",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.cmd",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.file",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.helpers",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.packaging",
+    "cibuildwheel.venv",
+    "filelock",
+    "packaging",
+    "packaging.version",
+    "pathlib",
+    "platform",
+    "shlex",
+    "shutil",
+    "subprocess",
+    "textwrap",
+    "typing",
+}
+
 import dataclasses
 import os
 import platform
@@ -95,6 +118,14 @@ def all_python_configurations() -> list[PythonConfiguration]:
        matching = [
            config for config in macos_python_configs if config["identifier"] == macos_identifier
        ]
+        if not matching:
+            msg = (
+                f"Internal error: no macOS configuration found matching "
+                f"{macos_identifier!r}, needed to build the iOS configuration "
+                f"{config_dict['identifier']!r}. The bundled build-platforms.toml "
+                f"resources are inconsistent."
+            )
+            raise errors.FatalError(msg)
        return matching[0]

    # Load the platform configuration
@@ -560,7 +591,10 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                    case _:
                        assert_never(build_frontend)

-                built_wheel = next(built_wheel_dir.glob("*.whl"))
+                try:
+                    built_wheel = next(built_wheel_dir.glob("*.whl"))
+                except StopIteration:
+                    raise errors.BuildProducedNoWheelError() from None

                if built_wheel.name.endswith("none-any.whl"):
                    raise errors.NonPlatformWheelError()
@@ -1,5 +1,22 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {
+    "cibuildwheel.audit",
+    "cibuildwheel.frontend",
+    "cibuildwheel.logger",
+    "cibuildwheel.util",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.file",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.helpers",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.packaging",
+    "collections",
+    "contextlib",
+    "pathlib",
+    "shutil",
+    "subprocess",
+    "textwrap",
+    "typing",
+}
+
 import contextlib
 import dataclasses
 import shutil
@@ -346,7 +363,10 @@ def build_in_container(
                case _:
                    assert_never(build_frontend)

-            built_wheel = container.glob(built_wheel_dir, "*.whl")[0]
+            try:
+                built_wheel = container.glob(built_wheel_dir, "*.whl")[0]
+            except IndexError:
+                raise errors.BuildProducedNoWheelError() from None

            repaired_wheel_dir = temp_dir / "repaired_wheel"
            container.call(["rm", "-rf", repaired_wheel_dir])
@@ -493,7 +513,7 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
    abs_package_dir = options.globals.package_dir.resolve()
    if cwd != abs_package_dir and cwd not in abs_package_dir.parents:
        msg = "package_dir must be inside the working directory"
-        raise Exception(msg)
+        raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg)

    container_project_path = PurePosixPath("/project")
    container_package_dir = container_project_path / abs_package_dir.relative_to(cwd)
@@ -1,5 +1,27 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {
+    "cibuildwheel.audit",
+    "cibuildwheel.ci",
+    "cibuildwheel.frontend",
+    "cibuildwheel.logger",
+    "cibuildwheel.util",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.cmd",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.file",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.helpers",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.packaging",
+    "cibuildwheel.venv",
+    "filelock",
+    "inspect",
+    "packaging",
+    "packaging.version",
+    "pathlib",
+    "platform",
+    "re",
+    "shutil",
+    "subprocess",
+}
+
 import dataclasses
 import functools
 import inspect
@@ -566,7 +588,10 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                    case _:
                        assert_never(build_frontend)

-                built_wheel = next(built_wheel_dir.glob("*.whl"))
+                try:
+                    built_wheel = next(built_wheel_dir.glob("*.whl"))
+                except StopIteration:
+                    raise errors.BuildProducedNoWheelError() from None

                repaired_wheel_dir.mkdir()

@@ -1,5 +1,26 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {
+    "cibuildwheel.architecture",
+    "cibuildwheel.audit",
+    "cibuildwheel.frontend",
+    "cibuildwheel.logger",
+    "cibuildwheel.util",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.cmd",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.file",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.helpers",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.packaging",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.python_build_standalone",
+    "cibuildwheel.venv",
+    "filelock",
+    "json",
+    "pathlib",
+    "shutil",
+    "subprocess",
+    "tempfile",
+    "tomllib",
+}
+
 import dataclasses
 import functools
 import json
@@ -451,7 +472,10 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                    *extra_flags,
                    env=env,
                )
-                built_wheel = next(built_wheel_dir.glob("*.whl"))
+                try:
+                    built_wheel = next(built_wheel_dir.glob("*.whl"))
+                except StopIteration:
+                    raise errors.BuildProducedNoWheelError() from None

                if built_wheel.name.endswith("none-any.whl"):
                    raise errors.NonPlatformWheelError()
@@ -471,7 +495,10 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                else:
                    shutil.move(str(built_wheel), repaired_wheel_dir)

-                repaired_wheel = next(repaired_wheel_dir.glob("*.whl"))
+                try:
+                    repaired_wheel = next(repaired_wheel_dir.glob("*.whl"))
+                except StopIteration:
+                    raise errors.RepairStepProducedNoWheelError() from None

                if repaired_wheel.name in {wheel.name for wheel in built_wheels}:
                    raise errors.AlreadyBuiltWheelError(repaired_wheel.name)
@@ -1,7 +1,26 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {
+    "cibuildwheel.architecture",
+    "cibuildwheel.audit",
+    "cibuildwheel.frontend",
+    "cibuildwheel.logger",
+    "cibuildwheel.util",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.cmd",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.file",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.helpers",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.packaging",
+    "cibuildwheel.venv",
+    "filelock",
+    "pathlib",
+    "platform",
+    "shutil",
+    "subprocess",
+    "textwrap",
+    "typing",
+}
+
 import dataclasses
-import json
 import os
 import platform as platform_module
 import shutil
@@ -329,7 +348,7 @@ def setup_python(
        assert (venv_path / "Scripts" / "pip.exe").exists()
        where_pip = call("where", "pip", env=env, capture_stdout=True).splitlines()[0].strip()
        print(where_pip)
-        if where_pip.strip() != str(venv_path / "Scripts" / "pip.exe"):
+        if where_pip != str(venv_path / "Scripts" / "pip.exe"):
            msg = "pip available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert pip above it."
            raise errors.FatalError(msg)
        call("pip", "--version", env=env)
@@ -390,42 +409,6 @@ def setup_python(
        setup_setuptools_cross_compile(tmp, python_configuration, python_libs_base, env)
        setup_rust_cross_compile(tmp, python_configuration, python_libs_base, env)

-    if implementation_id.startswith("gp311"):
-        # GraalPy 24 fails to discover compilers, setup the relevant environment
-        # variables. Adapted from
-        # https://github.com/microsoft/vswhere/wiki/Start-Developer-Command-Prompt
-        # Remove when GraalPy 24.x is dropped.
-        vcpath = call(
-            Path(os.environ["PROGRAMFILES(X86)"])
-            / "Microsoft Visual Studio"
-            / "Installer"
-            / "vswhere.exe",
-            "-products",
-            "*",
-            "-latest",
-            "-property",
-            "installationPath",
-            capture_stdout=True,
-        ).strip()
-        log.notice(f"Discovering Visual Studio for GraalPy at {vcpath}")
-        vcvars_file = tmp / "vcvars.json"
-        call(
-            f"{vcpath}\\Common7\\Tools\\vsdevcmd.bat",
-            "-no_logo",
-            "-arch=amd64",
-            "-host_arch=amd64",
-            "&&",
-            "python",
-            "-c",
-            # this command needs to be one line for Windows reasons
-            "import sys, json, pathlib, os; pathlib.Path(sys.argv[1]).write_text(json.dumps(dict(os.environ)))",
-            vcvars_file,
-            env=env,
-        )
-        with open(vcvars_file, encoding="utf-8") as f:
-            vcvars = json.load(f)
-        env.update(vcvars)
-
    return base_python, env


@@ -511,22 +494,6 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                    ),
                )

-                if (
-                    config.identifier.startswith("gp311")
-                    and build_frontend.name == "build"
-                    and "--no-isolation" not in extra_flags
-                    and "-n" not in extra_flags
-                ):
-                    # GraalPy 24 fails to discover its standard library when a venv is created
-                    # from a virtualenv seeded executable. See
-                    # https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/issues/491 and remove this once
-                    # GraalPy 24 is dropped.
-                    log.notice(
-                        "Disabling build isolation to workaround GraalPy bug. If the build fails, consider using pip or build[uv] as build frontend."
-                    )
-                    shell("graalpy -m pip install setuptools wheel", env=env)
-                    extra_flags = [*extra_flags, "-n"]
-
                match build_frontend.name:
                    case "pip":
                        # Path.resolve() is needed. Without it pip wheel may try to fetch package from pypi.org
@@ -575,7 +542,10 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                    case _:
                        assert_never(build_frontend)

-                built_wheel = next(built_wheel_dir.glob("*.whl"))
+                try:
+                    built_wheel = next(built_wheel_dir.glob("*.whl"))
+                except StopIteration:
+                    raise errors.BuildProducedNoWheelError() from None

                # repair the wheel
                repaired_wheel_dir.mkdir()
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {"configparser", "contextlib", "dependency_groups"}
+
 import ast
 import configparser
 import contextlib
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ python_configurations = [
  { identifier = "pp39-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.9", path_str = "/opt/python/pp39-pypy39_pp73" },
  { identifier = "pp310-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.10", path_str = "/opt/python/pp310-pypy310_pp73" },
  { identifier = "pp311-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/pp311-pypy311_pp73" },
-  { identifier = "gp311_242-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/graalpy311-graalpy242_311_native" },
  { identifier = "gp312_250-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.12", path_str = "/opt/python/graalpy312-graalpy250_312_native" },
  { identifier = "cp39-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.9", path_str = "/opt/python/cp39-cp39" },
  { identifier = "cp310-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.10", path_str = "/opt/python/cp310-cp310" },
@@ -71,7 +70,6 @@ python_configurations = [
  { identifier = "pp39-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.9", path_str = "/opt/python/pp39-pypy39_pp73" },
  { identifier = "pp310-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.10", path_str = "/opt/python/pp310-pypy310_pp73" },
  { identifier = "pp311-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/pp311-pypy311_pp73" },
-  { identifier = "gp311_242-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/graalpy311-graalpy242_311_native" },
  { identifier = "gp312_250-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.12", path_str = "/opt/python/graalpy312-graalpy250_312_native" },
  { identifier = "pp39-manylinux_i686", version = "3.9", path_str = "/opt/python/pp39-pypy39_pp73" },
  { identifier = "pp310-manylinux_i686", version = "3.10", path_str = "/opt/python/pp310-pypy310_pp73" },
@@ -176,8 +174,6 @@ python_configurations = [
  { identifier = "pp310-macosx_arm64", version = "3.10", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.10-v7.3.19-macos_arm64.tar.bz2", sha256 = "3db8a03fc496164801646844d7f3b12baa0adb3ad9a0b7cb124521bc2e168a36" },
  { identifier = "pp311-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.11", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.11-v7.3.23-macos_x86_64.tar.bz2", sha256 = "c95363c4e87235d11a6cec8128239c291b1eb67a752778fbcfe029a71da82b5e" },
  { identifier = "pp311-macosx_arm64", version = "3.11", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.11-v7.3.23-macos_arm64.tar.bz2", sha256 = "4747b3aceba4c1c6104cddc0fe5ea302101d32955f0957347b9ecc4fbd7aed05" },
-  { identifier = "gp311_242-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.11", url = "https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/releases/download/graal-24.2.2/graalpy-24.2.2-macos-amd64.tar.gz", sha256 = "2f4d5e7dbdf90e38778dfcb8ca3e1ec7eee257ef726b1937d5bc91b54cdddf9b" },
-  { identifier = "gp311_242-macosx_arm64", version = "3.11", url = "https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/releases/download/graal-24.2.2/graalpy-24.2.2-macos-aarch64.tar.gz", sha256 = "f4a2ae01bae0fa53ec0d19f86d73c6dcc2a162d245552030183b84bfdd8f7635" },
  { identifier = "gp312_250-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.12", url = "https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/releases/download/graal-25.0.1/graalpy-25.0.1-macos-amd64.tar.gz", sha256 = "10b0721d52397f0cc85f038900318da2203711cbcfae7899e3faed49d3dc6221" },
  { identifier = "gp312_250-macosx_arm64", version = "3.12", url = "https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/releases/download/graal-25.0.3/graalpy-25.0.3-macos-aarch64.tar.gz", sha256 = "387d9f5b376860842bea4d55aae5820974f3f3b68fc36c77ae863a061a888857" },
 ]
@@ -214,7 +210,6 @@ python_configurations = [
  { identifier = "pp39-win_amd64", version = "3.9", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.9-v7.3.16-win64.zip", sha256 = "06ec12a5e964dc0ad33e6f380185a4d295178dce6d6df512f508e7aee00a1323" },
  { identifier = "pp310-win_amd64", version = "3.10", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.10-v7.3.19-win64.zip", sha256 = "c0d07bba6c8fb4e5804f4a8b3f8ef07cc3d89f6ad1db42a45ffb9be60bbb7cc2" },
  { identifier = "pp311-win_amd64", version = "3.11", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.11-v7.3.23-win64.zip", sha256 = "948b8ea58dea5b9917210fe4afd242c788fbfaba1c3f1a25e696a404f703389a" },
-  { identifier = "gp311_242-win_amd64", version = "3.11", url = "https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/releases/download/graal-24.2.2/graalpy-24.2.2-windows-amd64.zip", sha256 = "9606134284d4d95b2f9d69c3087cd3e9e488f46355b419f5e66588a3281df6a3" },
  { identifier = "gp312_250-win_amd64", version = "3.12", url = "https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/releases/download/graal-25.0.3/graalpy-25.0.3-windows-amd64.zip", sha256 = "2ae5c42b93e08d9e106a017634a3442b272ccae6d08ace157244de0449e937d4" },
 ]

@@ -222,7 +217,7 @@ python_configurations = [
 python_configurations = [
  { identifier = "cp312-pyodide_wasm32", version = "3.12", default_pyodide_version = "0.27.7", node_version = "v22", sha256 = "0c2e7db42efa5d1dac38b50f8b3d659a1e3885d0a233494831b8206281307d52" },
  { identifier = "cp313-pyodide_wasm32", version = "3.13", default_pyodide_version = "0.29.4", node_version = "v22", sha256 = "a29fc4a076408a18fc29eb4b280f80c6dddc95c19514c874c29e590d0931c02a" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-pyodide_wasm32", version = "3.14", default_pyodide_version = "314.0.0a2", node_version = "v24", sha256 = "ac7bbcdf289ab3ae25621c436b1d013099ef6bec644ad0538dae5d65552c5c95" },
+  { identifier = "cp314-pyodide_wasm32", version = "3.14", default_pyodide_version = "314.0.0", node_version = "v24", sha256 = "6e76cf18251bd7d046bdb7ef35c9f938c8e995f10d88397497ca4b7020f27ba6" },
 ]

 [android]
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ pydantic-core==2.46.4
    # via pydantic
 pygments==2.20.0
    # via rich
-pyodide-build==0.34.4
+pyodide-build==0.35.0
    # via -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
 pyodide-cli==0.5.0
    # via
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ pydantic-core==2.46.4
    # via pydantic
 pygments==2.20.0
    # via rich
-pyodide-build==0.34.4
+pyodide-build==0.35.0
    # via -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
 pyodide-cli==0.5.0
    # via
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ pydantic-core==2.46.4
    # via pydantic
 pygments==2.20.0
    # via rich
-pyodide-build==0.34.4
+pyodide-build==0.35.0
    # via -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
 pyodide-cli==0.5.0
    # via
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {"cibuildwheel.util", "json"}
+
 import json

 from cibuildwheel.util import resources
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {"bracex", "fnmatch", "itertools", "packaging", "packaging.version"}
+
 import dataclasses
 import itertools
 from enum import StrEnum
@@ -102,19 +104,19 @@ class BuildSelector:
            return False
        if EnableGroup.PyodideEoL not in self.enable and fnmatch(build_id, "cp312-pyodide_*"):
            return False
-        # NOTE: Disable this when we don't have any Pyodide prereleases (e.g., 314.0.0a1+)
+        # NOTE: Re-enable this when we have a new Pyodide prerelease (e.g., 315.0.0a1+)
        # When doing this, also:
        #   1. update Pyodide tests in unit_test/build_selector_test.py and unit_test/options_test.py accordingly.
        #   2. update Python versions for Pyodide identifiers in cibuildwheel/selector.py.
        #   3. update constraints as necessary via bin/generate_pyodide_constraints.py and add/delete
        #      Pyodide constraints files in cibuildwheel/resources/constraints/ as necessary.
-        # When disabling, update the pattern to match the experimental Python version in case
-        # it is bumped to Python 3.15 (likely cp315-pyodide_* but could remain as 3.14 as well).
+        # When re-enabling, update the pattern to match the experimental Python version when
+        # it is bumped to Python 3.15 (likely cp315-pyodide_*).
        # This depends on the CPython version being used in the Pyodide runtime at the time.
-        if EnableGroup.PyodidePrerelease not in self.enable and fnmatch(
-            build_id, "cp314-pyodide_*"
-        ):
-            return False
+        # if EnableGroup.PyodidePrerelease not in self.enable and fnmatch(
+        #     build_id, "cp315-pyodide_*"
+        # ):
+        #     return False

        should_build = selector_matches(self.build_config, build_id)
        should_skip = selector_matches(self.skip_config, build_id)
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {"cibuildwheel.errors", "shlex", "shutil", "subprocess"}
+
 import os
 import shlex
 import shutil
@@ -1,5 +1,19 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {
+    "certifi",
+    "cibuildwheel.errors",
+    "hashlib",
+    "shutil",
+    "ssl",
+    "tarfile",
+    "typing",
+    "urllib",
+    "urllib.request",
+    "zipfile",
+}
+
+
 import hashlib
 import os
 import shutil
@@ -85,7 +99,8 @@ def download(url: str, dest: Path, *, sha256: str | None = None) -> None:
            time.sleep(3)

    if sha256:
-        computed = hashlib.sha256(dest.read_bytes()).hexdigest()
+        with dest.open("rb") as f:
+            computed = hashlib.file_digest(f, "sha256").hexdigest()
        if computed != sha256:
            dest.unlink(missing_ok=True)
            msg = f"SHA256 mismatch for {url}: expected {sha256!r}, got {computed!r}"
@@ -116,6 +131,8 @@ def extract_tar(tar_src: Path, dest: Path) -> None:
    See: https://docs.python.org/3/library/tarfile.html#tarfile.tar_filter for filter details
    """
    with tarfile.open(tar_src) as tar_:
+        # getattr shim needed while Python 3.11.0-3.11.3 are supported;
+        # once the minimum is 3.11.4+/3.12, replace with: tar_.extractall(dest, filter="tar")
        tar_.extraction_filter = getattr(tarfile, "tar_filter", (lambda member, _: member))
        tar_.extractall(dest)

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {"collections", "itertools", "re", "shlex", "textwrap"}
+
 import dataclasses
 import itertools
 import re
@@ -1,5 +1,13 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {
+    "cibuildwheel.util.cmd",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.helpers",
+    "packaging",
+    "packaging.utils",
+    "shlex",
+}
+
 import shlex
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
 from pathlib import Path, PurePath
@@ -1,5 +1,16 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {
+    "cibuildwheel.util.file",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.resources",
+    "filelock",
+    "fnmatch",
+    "hashlib",
+    "json",
+    "platform",
+    "subprocess",
+}
+
 import fnmatch
 import functools
 import hashlib
@@ -143,7 +154,8 @@ def _download_or_get_from_cache(
        asset_cache_path = cache_dir / asset_filename
        if asset_cache_path.is_file():
            if sha256:
-                computed = hashlib.sha256(asset_cache_path.read_bytes()).hexdigest()
+                with asset_cache_path.open("rb") as f:
+                    computed = hashlib.file_digest(f, "sha256").hexdigest()
                if computed != sha256:
                    print(
                        f"Cached python_build_standalone SHA256 mismatch for {asset_cache_path}; redownloading."
@@ -218,9 +230,7 @@ def create_python_build_standalone_environment(
    )

    python_base_dir = temp_dir / "pbs"
-    if python_base_dir.exists():
-        msg = f"python-build-standalone directory already exists: {python_base_dir}"
-        raise PythonBuildStandaloneError(msg)
+    assert not python_base_dir.exists()
    extract_tar(archive_path, python_base_dir)

    return _find_python_executable(python_base_dir)
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {"tomllib"}
+
 import functools
 import tomllib
 from pathlib import Path
@@ -1,5 +1,20 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

+__lazy_modules__ = {
+    "cibuildwheel.util",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.cmd",
+    "cibuildwheel.util.file",
+    "contextlib",
+    "filelock",
+    "packaging",
+    "packaging.markers",
+    "packaging.requirements",
+    "packaging.version",
+    "pathlib",
+    "shutil",
+    "tomllib",
+}
+
 import contextlib
 import functools
 import os
@@ -5,15 +5,40 @@ ref: changelog

 # Changelog

-### v4.0.0rc2
+### v4.1.0

-_5 June 2026_
+_12 June 2026_
+
+- ✨ Updates Pyodide to the final 314.0.0 release, so Pyodide 3.14 wheels now build by default without the `pyodide-prerelease` [`enable`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable) flag. (#2906)
+- 🐛 Raises clear errors when a build produces no wheel, instead of failing later with a confusing message (#2909)
+- 🛠 Speeds up CLI startup through lazy imports on Python 3.15 (#2797)
+- 📚 Adds an FAQ section on caching cibuildwheel's downloaded tools with `CIBW_CACHE_PATH` (#2842)
+- 📚 Documentation improvements: clarifies which shell is used for command options, clarifies environment variable precedence, and fixes a dead Pyodide env info link (#2904, #2905, #2911)
+
+### v4.0.0
+
+_7 June 2026_
+
+See @henryiii's [release post](https://iscinumpy.dev/post/cibuildwheel-4-0-0/) for more info on new features!
+
+- 🌟 Adds wheel auditing with `abi3audit` as a default after the repair step, with new [`audit-requires`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#audit-requires) and [`audit-command`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#audit-command) options (#2805)
+- 🌟 Adds `pyemscripten` platform tag support (PEP 783), updates Pyodide to 314.0.0a2, and adds a `pyodide-eol` [`enable`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable) flag for building end-of-life Pyodide versions (#2812, #2848)
+- 🌟 Sets up `delvewheel` as the default [`repair-wheel-command`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#repair-wheel-command) for Windows, so extension module DLLs are now bundled automatically. Skip by setting it to empty if not needed. (#2831)
+- ✨ Adds CPython 3.15 support, under the [`enable` option](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable) `cpython-prerelease`. This version of cibuildwheel uses 3.15.0b2. (#2833, #2850)
+
+    _While CPython is in beta, the ABI can change, so your wheels might not be compatible with the final release. For this reason, we don't recommend distributing wheels until RC1, at which point 3.15 will be available in cibuildwheel without the flag._

 - ✨ Adds CPython 3.15 support for iOS and Android (#2857, #2858)
 - ✨ Adds Android improvements for building NumPy and related packages, including auditwheel support, pkg-config and Fortran configuration, and the [`xbuild-files`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#xbuild-files) option (#2695)
 - ✨ Adds `CIBUILDWHEEL_BUILD_IDENTIFIER` environment variable set to the current build identifier (e.g. `cp311-manylinux_x86_64`) during per-build steps (#2872)
+- ✨ Adds `{project}` and `{package}` placeholders to [`config-settings`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#config-settings) (#2827)
+- ⚠️ Drops support for Python 3.8 (#2686)
+- ⚠️ Removes the experimental CPython 3.13 free-threading builds and the `cpython-freethreading` [`enable`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable) option. CPython 3.14+ free-threading support remains available without the enable flag. (#2684)
+- ⚠️ Drops support for Cirrus CI, which is shutting down June 1, 2026 (#2817)
+- ⚠️ Drops GraalPy 3.11 (gp311) support, as agreed in #2741, and removes GraalPy 24-only workarounds (#2895)
 - 🔐 Adds SHA256 verification for direct downloads of Python interpreters, virtualenv, and python-build-standalone assets (#2873)
 - 🔐 Adds tarfile extraction filter for safe archive extraction (#2856)
+- 🐛 Fixes `UV_PYTHON` not being set for [`before-build`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#before-build) on Linux when using `uv` as the [`build-frontend`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#build-frontend) (#2830)
 - 🐛 Fixes detection of musl libc when downloading python-build-standalone, which previously always selected the gnu asset on musl hosts like Alpine (#2889)
 - 🐛 Fixes [`config-settings`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#config-settings) expansion when `{project}` or `{package}` contains spaces or backslashes (#2886)
 - 🐛 Prevents deadlock when `linux32` fails and forwards platform args to the sanity check (#2880, #2888)
@@ -21,45 +46,30 @@ _5 June 2026_
 - 🐛 Removes potential partial cache-population in case of error (#2892)
 - 🐛 Raises a clear error when `ANDROID_API_LEVEL` is not an integer (#2891)
 - 🐛 Replaces assert with proper exception in python-build-standalone (#2859)
- 🛠 Updates dependencies and container pins (#2893, #2882, #2874, #2868, #2862, #2884)
- 🛠 Minor fixups across error messages, OCI container, and options (#2860)
- 📚 Updates documentation for delvewheel as the default Windows [`repair-wheel-command`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#repair-wheel-command), including the build diagram, schema defaults, and legal note (#2877, #2853, #2891)
- 📚 Adds intersphinx support for external documentation linking (#2871)
- 📚 Removes outdated numpy info (#2855)
- 💼 Improves Azure test reliability with retries and caching (#2890)
- 💼 Fixes Windows GitLab CI test running (#2870)
- 💼 Updates CI action pins (#2867)
- 💼 Adds agent and copilot setup files (#2861)
- 💼 Uses `if TYPE_CHECKING:` blocks (#2866, #2864)
- 🧪 Adds unit tests for `OCIContainer._get_platform_args` (#2878)
-
-### v4.0.0rc1
-
-_14 May 2026_
-
- 🌟 Adds wheel auditing with `abi3audit` as a default after the repair step, with new [`audit-requires`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#audit-requires) and [`audit-command`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#audit-command) options (#2805)
- 🌟 Adds `pyemscripten` platform tag support (PEP 783), updates Pyodide to 314.0.0a1, and adds a `pyodide-eol` [`enable`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable) flag for building end-of-life Pyodide versions (#2812, #2848)
- 🌟 Sets up `delvewheel` as the default [`repair-wheel-command`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#repair-wheel-command) for Windows, so extension module DLLs are now bundled automatically. Skip by setting it to empty if not needed. (#2831)
- ✨ Adds CPython 3.15 support, under the [`enable` option](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable) `cpython-prerelease`. This version of cibuildwheel uses 3.15.0b1. (#2833, #2850)
-
-    _While CPython is in beta, the ABI can change, so your wheels might not be compatible with the final release. For this reason, we don't recommend distributing wheels until RC1, at which point 3.14 will be available in cibuildwheel without the flag._ (#2390)
- ✨ Adds `{project}` and `{package}` placeholders to [`config-settings`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#config-settings) (#2827)
- ⚠️ Drops support for Python 3.8 (#2686)
- ⚠️ Removes the experimental CPython 3.13 free-threading builds and the `cpython-freethreading` [`enable`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable) option. CPython 3.14+ free-threading support remains available without the enable flag. (#2684)
- ⚠️ Drops support for Cirrus CI, which is shutting down June 1, 2026 (#2817)
- 🐛 Fixes `UV_PYTHON` not being set for [`before-build`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#before-build) on Linux when using `uv` as the [`build-frontend`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#build-frontend) (#2830)
+- 🐛 Uses ConfigurationError when `package_dir` is outside cwd instead of a generic Exception (#2898)
+- 🛠 Updates dependencies and container pins (#2893, #2882, #2874, #2868, #2862, #2884, #2845, #2837, #2818, #2810, #2838, #2813)
 - 🛠 Updates Android to Python 3.13.13 and 3.14.4 (#2821)
 - 🛠 Applies Pyodide-specific patches to the Emscripten toolchain installation (#2800)
- 🛠 Updates dependencies and container pins (#2845, #2837, #2821, #2818, #2810, #2838, #2813)
 - 🛠 Uses `python -V -V` for Windows build diagnostics (#2832)
+- 🛠 Simplifies pinned container image lookup (#2897)
+- 🛠 Minor fixups across error messages, OCI container, and options (#2860)
+- 💼 Adds PEP 723 metadata for `bin/` scripts and drops the `bin` dependency group (#2819)
+- 💼 Improves Azure test reliability with retries and caching (#2890)
+- 💼 Fixes Windows GitLab CI test running (#2870)
+- 💼 Updates CI action pins and dev dependencies (#2902, #2867, #2851, #2843, #2826, #2823, #2820, #2807)
+- 💼 Adds agent and copilot setup files (#2861)
+- 💼 Uses `if TYPE_CHECKING:` blocks (#2866, #2864)
+- 🧪 Fixes Android tests using the `uv` frontend (#2809)
+- 🧪 Fixes the update-dependencies workflow to use `uv` to run `nox` (#2808)
+- 🧪 Adds unit tests for `OCIContainer._get_platform_args` (#2878)
+- 📚 Updates documentation for delvewheel as the default Windows [`repair-wheel-command`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#repair-wheel-command), including the build diagram, schema defaults, and legal note (#2877, #2853, #2891)
 - 📚 Documents platform-specific [`before-build`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#before-build) configuration (#2834)
 - 📚 Updates the "How it works" diagram with details of Android, iOS, and Pyodide builds (#2816)
 - 📚 Adds Pyodide icon and regenerates working examples data for Android, iOS, and Pyodide (#2815, #2811)
+- 📚 Adds intersphinx support for external documentation linking (#2871)
+- 📚 Adds instructions for building CUDA wheels and fixes manylinux container references in FAQ (#2896, #2900)
 - 📚 Links back to source in docs (#2806)
- 💼 Adds PEP 723 metadata for `bin/` scripts and drops the `bin` dependency group (#2819)
- 💼 Updates CI action pins and dev dependencies (#2851, #2843, #2826, #2823, #2820, #2807)
- 🧪 Fixes Android tests using the `uv` frontend (#2809)
- 🧪 Fixes the update-dependencies workflow to use `uv` to run `nox` (#2808)
+- 📚 Removes outdated numpy info (#2855)


 ### v3.4.1
@@ -64,10 +64,12 @@ You can configure cibuildwheel with a config file, such as `pyproject.toml`.
 Options have the same names as the environment variable overrides, but are
 placed in `[tool.cibuildwheel]` and are lower case, with dashes, following
 common [TOML](https://toml.io) practice. Anything placed in subsections
-named after a platform will only affect those platforms. Lists can be used
-instead of strings for items that are naturally a list. Multiline strings also
-work just like in the environment variables. Environment variables will take
-precedence if defined.
+named after a platform will only affect those platforms. Platform-specific
+values replace the corresponding global value for that platform; table options
+are not merged key by key. Lists can be used instead of strings for items that
+are naturally a list. Multiline strings also work just like in the environment
+variables. Environment variable overrides, such as `CIBW_TEST_COMMAND` and
+`CIBW_TEST_COMMAND_LINUX`, will take precedence if defined.

 The example above using environment variables could have been written like this:

@@ -178,7 +180,7 @@ on Python 3.11, and will have `environment = {FOO="BAZ", "PYTHON"="MONTY", "HAM"
 In the TOML configuration, you can choose how tables and lists are inherited.
 By default, all values are overridden completely (`"none"`) but sometimes you'd
 rather `"append"` or `"prepend"` to an existing list or table. You can do this
-with the `inherit` table in overrides.  For example, if you want to add an environment
+with the `inherit` table in overrides. For example, if you want to add an environment
 variable for CPython 3.11, without `inherit` you'd have to repeat all the
 original environment variables in the override. With `inherit`, it's just:

@@ -102,6 +102,51 @@ Meson generally works well with cibuildwheel, but there are a few things to be a

 -   If you need to build 32-bit Windows wheels, you need to activate a 32-bit compiler toolchain before starting cibuildwheel. Many users use [ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd](https://github.com/ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd) for this purpose.

+### Caching cibuildwheel's downloaded tools {: #caching}
+
+To speed up builds, cibuildwheel caches the tools it downloads — CPython/PyPy installers, [`virtualenv`][virtualenv], [python-build-standalone][pbs] archives used on Android/iOS, etc. The active cache folder is printed in the preamble of every run:
+
+```
+Cache folder: /Users/Matt/Library/Caches/cibuildwheel
+```
+
+By default it lives under the OS user-cache directory:
+
+| Platform     | Default cache folder                          |
+| ------------ | --------------------------------------------- |
+| Linux        | `~/.cache/cibuildwheel`                       |
+| macOS / iOS  | `~/Library/Caches/cibuildwheel`               |
+| Windows      | `%LOCALAPPDATA%\pypa\cibuildwheel\Cache`      |
+
+Set the `CIBW_CACHE_PATH` environment variable to point cibuildwheel at a different folder. On CI you'll typically want a workflow-defined path so that the runner's cache action can persist it between runs.
+
+#### Persisting the cache on GitHub Actions
+
+```yaml
+- uses: actions/cache@v5
+  with:
+    path: ${{ runner.temp }}/cibw-cache
+    key: cibw-${{ runner.os }}-${{ hashFiles('pyproject.toml') }}
+    restore-keys: |
+      cibw-${{ runner.os }}-
+
+- uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v3.4.1
+  env:
+    CIBW_CACHE_PATH: ${{ runner.temp }}/cibw-cache
+```
+
+The `restore-keys` fallback lets a slightly stale cache still be reused if `pyproject.toml` changes. Adjust the cache key to whatever set of inputs determines what cibuildwheel will download (e.g. include a hash of `pyproject.toml`'s `[tool.cibuildwheel]` section, or pin on a Python build-tools version).
+
+For platform-specific notes (e.g. caching the official python.org installers on macOS, or NuGet CPython downloads on Windows), see the [platforms documentation](platforms.md).
+
+If the cache becomes stale or corrupt, run `cibuildwheel --clean-cache` (or simply delete the folder) before re-running.
+
+!!! warning "Cache poisoning security risk"
+    Use of caching in a release pipeline means the cache folder is now a possible security risk - an attacker could [poison the cache](https://hivesecurity.gitlab.io/blog/github-actions-cache-poisoning-supply-chain/) with executables they have compromised. If you use this for release builds, consider who has access to modify the cache. Specifically be careful if your repo has any workflows using `pull_request_target`, even if they appear unrelated.
+
+[virtualenv]: https://virtualenv.pypa.io/
+[pbs]: https://gregoryszorc.com/docs/python-build-standalone/main/
+
 ### Automatic updates using Dependabot {: #automatic-updates}

 Selecting a moving target (like the latest release) is generally a bad idea in CI. If something breaks, you can't tell whether it was your code or an upstream update that caused the breakage, and in a worst-case scenario, it could occur during a release.
@@ -113,7 +158,7 @@ There are two suggested methods for keeping cibuildwheel up to date that instead
 If you use GitHub Actions for builds, you can use cibuildwheel as an action:

 ```yaml
-uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v4.0.0rc2
+uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v4.1.0
 ```

 This is a composite step that just runs cibuildwheel using pipx. You can set command-line options as `with:` parameters, and use `env:` as normal.
@@ -138,7 +183,7 @@ The second option, and the only one that supports other CI systems, is using a `

 ```bash
 # requirements-cibw.txt
-cibuildwheel==4.0.0rc2
+cibuildwheel==4.1.0
 ```

 Then your install step would have `python -m pip install -r requirements-cibw.txt` in it. Your `.github/dependabot.yml` file could look like this:
@@ -221,6 +266,60 @@ Your build might need some compiler flags to be set through environment variable
 Consider incorporating these into your package, for example, in `setup.py` using [`extra_compile_args` or
 `extra_link_args`](https://setuptools.pypa.io/en/latest/userguide/ext_modules.html#setuptools.Extension).

+### Building wheels with CUDA on Linux
+
+On Linux, you can build binary wheels with CUDA to take advantage of NVIDIA GPUs for hardware acceleration.
+Specify the custom Docker containers with CUDA Toolkit as follows:
+
+```yaml
+CIBW_MANYLINUX_X86_64_IMAGE: >-
+  quay.io/manylinux_cuda/manylinux_2_28_x86_64_cuda13_1:latest
+CIBW_MANYLINUX_AARCH64_IMAGE: >-
+  quay.io/manylinux_cuda/manylinux_2_28_aarch64_cuda13_1:latest
+```
+Currently, we support the following CUDA manylinux containers:
+
+* `quay.io/manylinux_cuda/manylinux_2_28_x86_64_cuda12_9:latest`
+* `quay.io/manylinux_cuda/manylinux_2_28_aarch64_cuda12_9:latest`
+* `quay.io/manylinux_cuda/manylinux_2_28_x86_64_cuda13_1:latest`
+* `quay.io/manylinux_cuda/manylinux_2_28_aarch64_cuda13_1:latest`
+* `quay.io/manylinux_cuda/manylinux_2_34_x86_64_cuda12_9:latest`
+* `quay.io/manylinux_cuda/manylinux_2_34_aarch64_cuda12_9:latest`
+* `quay.io/manylinux_cuda/manylinux_2_34_x86_64_cuda13_1:latest`
+* `quay.io/manylinux_cuda/manylinux_2_34_aarch64_cuda13_1:latest`
+
+A typical GitHub Actions workflow will look like this:
+
+```yaml
+jobs:
+  build-wheels:
+    name: Build wheels
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.target.runner }}
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        manylinux-base: [manylinux_2_28, manylinux_2_34]
+        cuda-version: [12_9, 13_1]
+        target:
+          - arch: x86_64
+            runner: ubuntu-24.04
+          - arch: aarch64
+            runner: ubuntu-24.04-arm
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+
+      - name: Build wheels
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v3
+        env:
+          CIBW_MANYLINUX_X86_64_IMAGE: >-
+            quay.io/manylinux_cuda/${{ matrix.manylinux-base }}_x86_64_cuda${{ matrix.cuda-version }}:latest
+          CIBW_MANYLINUX_AARCH64_IMAGE: >-
+            quay.io/manylinux_cuda/${{ matrix.manylinux-base }}_aarch64_cuda${{ matrix.cuda-version }}:latest
+          CIBW_BUILD: cp312-manylinux_${{ matrix.target.arch }}
+```
+
+
 ## Troubleshooting

 If your wheel didn't compile, you might have a mistake in your config.
@@ -303,7 +402,7 @@ Solutions to this vary, but the simplest is to use pipx:
 # most runners have pipx preinstalled, but in case you don't
 python3 -m pip install pipx

-pipx run cibuildwheel==4.0.0rc2 --output-dir wheelhouse
+pipx run cibuildwheel==4.1.0 --output-dir wheelhouse
 pipx run twine upload wheelhouse/*.whl
 ```

@@ -69,7 +69,6 @@ When setting the options, you can use shell-style globbing syntax, as per [fnmat
 | PyPy3.9 v7.3  | pp39-macosx_x86_64<br/>pp39-macosx_arm64                               | pp39-win_amd64                                      | pp39-manylinux_x86_64<br/>pp39-manylinux_i686                                                       | pp39-manylinux_aarch64                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |                                                  |                                                                                                   |                      |
 | PyPy3.10 v7.3 | pp310-macosx_x86_64<br/>pp310-macosx_arm64                             | pp310-win_amd64                                     | pp310-manylinux_x86_64<br/>pp310-manylinux_i686                                                     | pp310-manylinux_aarch64                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |                                                  |                                                                                                   |                      |
 | PyPy3.11 v7.3 | pp311-macosx_x86_64<br/>pp311-macosx_arm64                             | pp311-win_amd64                                     | pp311-manylinux_x86_64<br/>pp311-manylinux_i686                                                     | pp311-manylinux_aarch64                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |                                                  |                                                                                                   |                      |
-| GraalPy 3.11 v24.2 | gp311_242-macosx_x86_64<br/>gp311_242-macosx_arm64                             | gp311_242-win_amd64                                     | gp311_242-manylinux_x86_64                                                                              | gp311_242-manylinux_aarch64                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |                                                                                                   |                      |
 | GraalPy 3.12 v25.0 | gp312_250-macosx_x86_64<br/>gp312_250-macosx_arm64                             | gp312_250-win_amd64                                     | gp312_250-manylinux_x86_64                                                                              | gp312_250-manylinux_aarch64                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |                                                                                                   |                      |

 The list of supported and currently selected build identifiers can also be retrieved by passing the `--print-build-identifiers` flag to cibuildwheel.
@@ -594,6 +593,12 @@ You must use this variable to pass variables to Linux builds, since they execute
 You can use `$PATH` syntax to insert other variables, or the `$(pwd)` syntax to insert the output of other shell commands.
 Variables are evaluated in the order they appear. Any variable referenced before it is set will evaluate to an empty string.

+The environment seen by the build and test steps starts with the build
+environment. On Linux, this is the container environment, plus any variables
+passed through with [`environment-pass`](#environment-pass). On other platforms,
+the host environment is already available. Assignments in `environment` are
+evaluated after that base environment and replace any duplicate variable names.
+
 To specify more than one environment variable, separate the assignments by spaces.

 Platform-specific environment variables are also available:<br/>
@@ -729,6 +734,17 @@ The placeholder `{package}` can be used here; it will be replaced by the path to

 On Windows and macOS, the version of Python available inside `before-all` is whatever is available on the host machine. On Linux, a modern Python version is available on PATH.

+!!! note "Shell selection"
+
+    Shell command options such as `before-all`, `before-build`,
+    `repair-wheel-command`, and `before-test` are executed by a platform shell.
+    Linux builds run inside the build container and invoke the container's `sh -c`.
+    On macOS and Windows, cibuildwheel calls Python's
+    `subprocess.run(..., shell=True)`, which normally means `/bin/sh` on macOS
+    and `cmd.exe` on Windows. If you need a specific interpreter, invoke it
+    explicitly, for example `python scripts/prepare.py` or
+    `bash scripts/prepare.sh`.
+
 This option has special behavior in the overrides section in `pyproject.toml`.
 On linux, overriding it triggers a new container launch. It cannot be overridden
 on macOS and Windows.
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ You must target pyodide with `--platform pyodide` (or use `--only` on the identi

 ### Choosing a Pyodide version {: #pyodide-choosing-a-version}

-It is also possible to target a specific Pyodide version by setting the [`pyodide-version`](options.md#pyodide-version) option to the desired version. Users are responsible for setting an appropriate Pyodide version according to the `pyodide-build` version. A list is available in Pyodide's [cross-build environments metadata file](https://github.com/pyodide/pyodide/blob/main/pyodide-cross-build-environments.json), which can be viewed more easily by installing `pyodide-build` from PyPI and using `pyodide xbuildenv search --all` to see a compatibility table.
+It is also possible to target a specific Pyodide version by setting the [`pyodide-version`](options.md#pyodide-version) option to the desired version. Users are responsible for setting an appropriate Pyodide version according to the `pyodide-build` version. A list is available in Pyodide's [cross-build environments metadata file](https://pyodide.github.io/pyodide/api/v2/pyodide-cross-build-environments.json), which can be viewed more easily by installing `pyodide-build` from PyPI and using `pyodide xbuildenv search --all` to see a compatibility table.

 If there are pre-releases available for a newer Pyodide version, the `pyodide-prerelease` [`enable`](options.md#enable) can be used to include pre-release versions. To build for older Pyodide versions that are no longer the current stable, use the `pyodide-eol` [`enable`](options.md#enable).

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ jobs:
    - bash: |
        set -o errexit
        python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        pip3 install cibuildwheel==4.0.0rc2
+        pip3 install cibuildwheel==4.1.0
      displayName: Install dependencies
    - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
      displayName: Build wheels
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
    - bash: |
        set -o errexit
        python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.0.0rc2
+        python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.1.0
      displayName: Install dependencies
    - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
      displayName: Build wheels
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ jobs:
    - bash: |
        set -o errexit
        python -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        pip install cibuildwheel==4.0.0rc2
+        pip install cibuildwheel==4.1.0
      displayName: Install dependencies
    - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
      displayName: Build wheels
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ jobs:
      - run:
          name: Build the Linux wheels.
          command: |
-            python3 -m pip install --user cibuildwheel==4.0.0rc2
+            python3 -m pip install --user cibuildwheel==4.1.0
            cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
      - store_artifacts:
          path: wheelhouse/
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ jobs:
      - run:
          name: Build the Linux aarch64 wheels.
          command: |
-            python3 -m pip install --user cibuildwheel==4.0.0rc2
+            python3 -m pip install --user cibuildwheel==4.1.0
            python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
      - store_artifacts:
          path: wheelhouse/
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ jobs:
          name: Build the OS X wheels.
          command: |
            sudo softwareupdate --install-rosetta --agree-to-license  # for x86_64/universal2 tests
-            pip3 install cibuildwheel==4.0.0rc2
+            pip3 install cibuildwheel==4.1.0
            cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
      - store_artifacts:
          path: wheelhouse/
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ jobs:
          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v4.0.0rc2
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v4.1.0
        env:
          CIBW_PLATFORM: ${{ matrix.platform || 'auto' }}
          CIBW_ARCHS: ${{ matrix.archs || 'auto' }}
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ jobs:
          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v4.0.0rc2
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v4.1.0
        # env:
        #   CIBW_SOME_OPTION: value
        #   ...
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ jobs:
          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Build wheels
-        run: pipx run cibuildwheel==4.0.0rc2
+        run: pipx run cibuildwheel==4.1.0

      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ jobs:
          platforms: all

      - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v4.0.0rc2
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v4.1.0
        env:
          # configure cibuildwheel on Linux to build native archs ('auto'),
          # and to split the remaining architectures between the x86_64 and
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ linux:
    DOCKER_TLS_CERTDIR: ""
  script:
    - curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh
-    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.0.0rc2
+    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.1.0
    - cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
  artifacts:
    paths:
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ windows:
  before_script:
    - choco install python -y --allow-downgrade --version 3.12.4
    - choco install git.install -y
-    - py -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.0.0rc2
+    - py -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.1.0
  script:
    - py -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse --platform windows
  artifacts:
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ windows:
 macos:
  image: macos-14-xcode-15
  before_script:
-    - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.0.0rc2
+    - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.1.0
  script:
    - python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
  artifacts:
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ linux:
    - curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh
    # Warning: This is extremely slow, be careful with how many wheels you build
    - docker run --rm --privileged multiarch/qemu-user-static --reset -p yes
-    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.0.0rc2
+    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==4.1.0
    # Assuming your CI runner's default architecture is x86_64...
    - cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse --platform linux --archs aarch64
  artifacts:
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ build-backend = "hatchling.build"

 [project]
 name = "cibuildwheel"
-version = "4.0.0rc2"
+version = "4.1.0"
 description = "Build Python wheels on CI with minimal configuration."
 readme = "README.md"
 license = "BSD-2-Clause"
@@ -49,10 +49,10 @@ def test_abi3(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
        project_dir,
        add_env={
            # free_threaded, GraalPy, and PyPy do not have a Py_LIMITED_API equivalent, just build one of those
-            # pyodide uses cp313 (the stable version) which supports limited API / abi3
+            # pyodide uses cp314 (the latest stable version) which supports limited API / abi3
            # also limit the number of builds for test performance reasons
            "CIBW_BUILD": (
-                "cp313-*"
+                "cp314-*"
                if utils.get_platform() == "pyodide"
                else "cp39-* cp310-* pp310-* gp312_250-* cp312-* cp314t-*"
            ),
@@ -87,13 +87,13 @@ def get_versions_from_constraint_file(constraint_file: Path) -> dict[str, str]:
    return result


-@pytest.mark.parametrize("python_version", ["3.9", "3.13"])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("python_version", ["3.9", "3.14"])
 def test_pinned_versions(
    tmp_path: Path, python_version: str, build_frontend_env_nouv: dict[str, str]
 ) -> None:
    if utils.get_platform() == "linux":
        pytest.skip("linux doesn't pin individual tool versions, it pins manylinux images instead")
-    if python_version != "3.13" and utils.get_platform() == "pyodide":
+    if python_version != "3.14" and utils.get_platform() == "pyodide":
        pytest.skip(f"pyodide does not support Python {python_version}")

    project_dir = tmp_path / "project"
@@ -179,19 +179,6 @@ def test_dependency_constraints(
        msg = f"Unknown method: {method}"
        raise ValueError(msg)

-    skip = ""
-
-    if (
-        utils.get_platform() == "windows"
-        and method == "file"
-        and build_frontend_env_nouv["CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND"] == "build"
-    ):
-        # GraalPy 24 fails to discover its standard library when a venv is created
-        # from a virtualenv seeded executable. See
-        # https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/issues/491 and remove this once
-        # GraalPy 24 is dropped
-        skip = "gp311*"
-
    # cross-platform Python script for dependency constraint checks
    before_build_script = project_dir / "check_versions.py"
    before_build_script.write_text(CHECK_VERSIONS_SCRIPT)
@@ -200,7 +187,6 @@ def test_dependency_constraints(
    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(
        project_dir,
        add_env={
-            "CIBW_SKIP": skip,
            "CIBW_DEPENDENCY_VERSIONS": dependency_version_option,
            "CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD": f"python {before_build_script.name}",
            "EXPECTED_VERSIONS": json.dumps(tool_versions),
@@ -212,9 +198,4 @@ def test_dependency_constraints(
    # also check that we got the right wheels
    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", single_python=True)

-    if skip == "gp*":
-        # See reference to https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/issues/491
-        # above
-        expected_wheels = [w for w in expected_wheels if "graalpy311" not in w]
-
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
@@ -40,26 +40,12 @@ def test_pep518(tmp_path: Path, build_frontend_env: dict[str, str]) -> None:
    project_dir = tmp_path / "project"
    basic_project.generate(project_dir)

-    # GraalPy fails to discover its standard library when a venv is created
-    # from a virtualenv seeded executable. See
-    # https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/issues/491 and remove this once
-    # fixed upstream.
-    if build_frontend_env["CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND"] == "build" and utils.get_platform() == "windows":
-        build_frontend_env["CIBW_SKIP"] = "gp*"
-
    # build the wheels
    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, add_env=build_frontend_env)

    # check that the expected wheels are produced
    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0")

-    # GraalPy fails to discover its standard library when a venv is created
-    # from a virtualenv seeded executable. See
-    # https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/issues/491 and remove this once
-    # fixed upstream.
-    if build_frontend_env["CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND"] == "build" and utils.get_platform() == "windows":
-        expected_wheels = [w for w in expected_wheels if "graalpy" not in w]
-
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)

    # These checks ensure an extra file is not created when using custom
@@ -175,6 +175,6 @@ def test_pyodide_repair_wheel(tmp_path: Path) -> None:

    # check that the expected wheels are produced
    expected_wheels = [
-        "spam-0.1.0-cp313-cp313-pyemscripten_2025_0_wasm32.whl",
+        "spam-0.1.0-cp314-cp314-pyemscripten_2026_0_wasm32.whl",
    ]
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ EMULATED_ARCHS: Final[list[str]] = sorted(
 PYPY_ARCHS = ["x86_64", "i686", "AMD64", "aarch64", "arm64"]
 GRAALPY_ARCHS = ["x86_64", "AMD64", "aarch64", "arm64"]

-SINGLE_PYTHON_VERSION: Final[tuple[int, int]] = (3, 13)
+SINGLE_PYTHON_VERSION: Final[tuple[int, int]] = (3, 14)

 # temporary workaround: set by build_frontend_env fixture to skip graalpy
 # when uv is the build frontend (compatibility issue between graalpy and uv)
@@ -278,9 +278,9 @@ def _expected_wheels(

    # To be kept in sync with Python versions for Pyodide identifiers in cibuildwheel/selector.py.
    if platform == "pyodide" and python_abi_tags is None:
-        python_abi_tags = ["cp313-cp313"]
-        if EnableGroup.PyodidePrerelease in enable_groups:
-            python_abi_tags.append("cp314-cp314")
+        python_abi_tags = ["cp313-cp313", "cp314-cp314"]
+        if EnableGroup.PyodideEoL in enable_groups:
+            python_abi_tags.insert(0, "cp312-cp312")
    elif (platform == "android" and python_abi_tags is None) or (
        platform == "ios" and python_abi_tags is None
    ):
@@ -319,7 +319,6 @@ def _expected_wheels(

        if EnableGroup.GraalPy in enable_groups and include_graalpy_in_expected_wheels:
            python_abi_tags += [
-                "graalpy311-graalpy242_311_native",
                "graalpy312-graalpy250_312_native",
            ]

@@ -376,10 +375,7 @@ def _expected_wheels(
                else:
                    min_macosx = _floor_macosx(macosx_deployment_target, "10.15")
            elif python_abi_tag.startswith("graalpy"):
-                if python_abi_tag.startswith("graalpy311"):
-                    min_macosx = macosx_deployment_target
-                else:
-                    min_macosx = _floor_macosx(macosx_deployment_target, "10.13")
+                min_macosx = _floor_macosx(macosx_deployment_target, "10.13")
            else:
                min_macosx = macosx_deployment_target

@@ -418,8 +414,8 @@ def _expected_wheels(

            if not platform_tags:
                # for example if the python tag is `none` or `abi3`, the wheel
-                # is built by the stable cp313 Python version
-                platform_tags = ["pyemscripten_2025_0_wasm32"]
+                # is built by the latest stable cp314 Python version
+                platform_tags = ["pyemscripten_2026_0_wasm32"]

        else:
            msg = f"Unsupported platform {platform!r}"
@@ -91,14 +91,15 @@ def test_build_filter_pypy_all() -> None:
    assert build_selector("pp39-manylinux_x86_64")


-def test_build_filter_pyodide_prerelease() -> None:
-    build_selector = BuildSelector(
-        build_config="*",
-        skip_config="",
-        enable=frozenset([EnableGroup.PyodidePrerelease]),
-    )
-    assert build_selector("cp313-pyodide_wasm32")
-    assert build_selector("cp314-pyodide_wasm32")
+# Re-enable when we have Pyodide 3.15 prerelease builds to test against
+# def test_build_filter_pyodide_prerelease() -> None:
+#     build_selector = BuildSelector(
+#         build_config="*",
+#         skip_config="",
+#         enable=frozenset([EnableGroup.PyodidePrerelease]),
+#     )
+#     assert build_selector("cp314-pyodide_wasm32")
+#     assert build_selector("cp315-pyodide_wasm32")


 def test_build_filter_pyodide() -> None:
@@ -108,8 +109,8 @@ def test_build_filter_pyodide() -> None:
        enable=frozenset(),
    )
    assert build_selector("cp313-pyodide_wasm32")
+    assert build_selector("cp314-pyodide_wasm32")
    assert not build_selector("cp312-pyodide_wasm32")
-    assert not build_selector("cp314-pyodide_wasm32")


 def test_build_filter_pyodide_eol() -> None:
@@ -120,7 +121,7 @@ def test_build_filter_pyodide_eol() -> None:
    )
    assert build_selector("cp312-pyodide_wasm32")
    assert build_selector("cp313-pyodide_wasm32")
-    assert not build_selector("cp314-pyodide_wasm32")
+    assert build_selector("cp314-pyodide_wasm32")


 def test_skip() -> None:
@@ -199,7 +200,7 @@ def test_build_limited_python() -> None:
    assert build_selector("cp37-win32")
    assert build_selector("cp38-win32")
    assert build_selector("pp37-win_amd64")
-    assert build_selector("gp311_242-win_amd64")
+    assert build_selector("gp312_250-win_amd64")


 def test_build_limited_python_partial() -> None:
@@ -3,7 +3,10 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import textwrap
 from pprint import pprint

+import pytest
+
 import cibuildwheel.platforms.linux
+from cibuildwheel.errors import ConfigurationError
 from cibuildwheel.oci_container import OCIContainerEngineConfig
 from cibuildwheel.options import CommandLineArguments, Options

@@ -11,8 +14,6 @@ TYPE_CHECKING = False
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from pathlib import Path

-    import pytest
-

 def test_linux_container_split(tmp_path: Path, monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
    """
@@ -99,3 +100,24 @@ def test_linux_container_split(tmp_path: Path, monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch)
    ]
    assert before_alls(build_steps[3]) == [""] * 4
    assert container_engines(build_steps[3]) == [default_container_engine] * 4
+
+
+def test_package_dir_outside_working_directory_raises_configuration_error(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch, tmp_path: Path
+) -> None:
+    work_dir = tmp_path / "work"
+    work_dir.mkdir()
+    package_dir = tmp_path / "package"
+    package_dir.mkdir()
+    package_dir.joinpath("pyproject.toml").touch()
+
+    monkeypatch.chdir(work_dir)
+
+    command_line_arguments = CommandLineArguments.defaults()
+    command_line_arguments.package_dir = package_dir
+    options = Options(platform="linux", command_line_arguments=command_line_arguments, env={})
+
+    with pytest.raises(
+        ConfigurationError, match="package_dir must be inside the working directory"
+    ):
+        cibuildwheel.platforms.linux.build(options, tmp_path / "build")
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ from cibuildwheel.oci_container import OCIPlatform
 from cibuildwheel.util import file

 DEFAULT_IDS = {"cp39", "cp310", "cp311", "cp312", "cp313", "cp314", "cp314t"}
-ALL_IDS = DEFAULT_IDS | {"pp39", "pp310", "pp311", "gp311_242", "gp312_250"}
+ALL_IDS = DEFAULT_IDS | {"pp39", "pp310", "pp311", "gp312_250"}


@pytest.fixture
@@ -158,7 +158,6 @@ before-all = "true"
            "pp39",
            "pp310",
            "pp311",
-            "gp311_242",
            "gp312_250",
        }
    }
@@ -180,7 +179,6 @@ before-all = "true"
            "pp39",
            "pp310",
            "pp311",
-            "gp311_242",
            "gp312_250",
        ]
    }
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Joe Rickerby	2947353127	Bump version: v4.1.0	2026-06-12 17:02:22 +01:00
Joe Rickerby	14a3c3a226	Remove Travis pre-commit check	2026-06-12 16:42:14 +01:00
Henry Schreiner	42aa1345c3	chore: minor cleanups and perf tweaks from code review (#2910 ) * chore: minor cleanups and perf tweaks from code review - util/file.py, util/python_build_standalone.py: use hashlib.file_digest for streaming SHA-256 verification instead of loading whole archives into memory with read_bytes() - logger.py: convert colors/symbols properties to functools.cached_property so the Colors/Symbols objects are constructed only once per Logger instance - platforms/windows.py: remove redundant .strip() on where_pip (already stripped at assignment) - util/python_build_standalone.py: remove unreachable python_base_dir.exists() guard (callers always pass a fresh temp subdirectory) - util/file.py: add comment explaining the getattr shim for tar_.extraction_filter and when it can be removed Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-fable-5 * revert: restore assertion to check python_base_dir existence	2026-06-12 16:03:36 +01:00
Himanshu Agrawal	01265e5db0	Clarify shell used for command options (#2904 )	2026-06-12 14:24:15 +01:00
Mike Evdokimov	f4afd95cbc	Add FAQ section on caching cibuildwheel's downloaded tools (#2842 ) * Add FAQ section on caching cibuildwheel's downloaded tools Adds a Tips entry covering: - What cibuildwheel caches (CPython/PyPy installers, virtualenv, python-build-standalone archives) and the default per-OS cache folder. - How to override the cache location with ``CIBW_CACHE_PATH``. - A worked GitHub Actions example pairing ``actions/cache`` with ``CIBW_CACHE_PATH`` so the cache survives between runs. - A pointer to ``--clean-cache`` for invalidating stale entries. Closes #1585. Per @joerick's request in the issue ("a caching section in the FAQ would be great, if you can contribute it") the scope is intentionally narrow — just FAQ-level guidance. Platform-specific caching (e.g. Windows NuGet, addressed in #2839) lives in the platforms doc. * docs: bump actions/cache v4 to v5 * docs: move cache to runner.temp, add cache poisoning warning (review feedback)	2026-06-12 14:02:09 +01:00
Henry Schreiner	6c08562aa1	fix: faster CLI on Python 3.15 (#2797 ) * chore: lazy imports Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryfs@princeton.edu> * chore: bump flake8-lazy, rerun Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryfs@princeton.edu> * chore: include android Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryfs@princeton.edu> * fix: after rebase Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-sonnet-4.6 Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryfs@princeton.edu> * chore: autofix __lazy_modules__ Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryfs@princeton.edu> * chore: avoid touching resources Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryfs@princeton.edu> * chore: bump flake8-lazy to v0.8.2, rerun Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-sonnet-4-6 --------- Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryfs@princeton.edu>	2026-06-12 14:01:49 +01:00
Henry Schreiner	4f42ee3f03	fix: raise clear errors when no wheel is produced (#2909 )	2026-06-12 17:22:07 +05:30
Victorien	f3aa1bed4f	Fix dead Pyodide env info link, remove mention of alpha ABI (#2911 )	2026-06-12 15:29:56 +05:30
Tim Felgentreff	d60fc2bdd0	Support new graalpy asset names that include Python version. (#2863 ) * Support new graalpy asset names that include Python version * Slight readability improvement for graalpy asset regex	2026-06-11 12:05:48 +02:00
Himanshu Agrawal	55c8985c12	docs: clarify environment precedence (#2905 )	2026-06-10 09:34:19 -04:00
Agriya Khetarpal	2f9a352352	Update to Pyodide 314.0.0 (#2906 ) * Update to Pyodide 314.0.0 * Update selector * Update tests * Use v2 xbuildenvs endpoint * Update pyodide-build in constraints * Add comment about `test_build_filter_pyodide_prerelease`	2026-06-09 16:30:30 -04:00
Agriya Khetarpal	c58c5c58ec	Drop use of `Unbuffered` wrapper class (#2894 )	2026-06-08 18:13:44 +05:30
Henry Schreiner	90b8fdffd3	docs: rerun prek after changelog fix Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryfs@princeton.edu>	2026-06-07 16:27:27 -04:00
Henry Schreiner	c3e47f896b	docs: fix changelog formatting Updates changelog to reflect changes in CPython 3.15 support and other enhancements.	2026-06-07 15:19:15 -04:00
Henry Schreiner	f03ac7617d	Bump version: v4.0.0	2026-06-07 14:53:57 -04:00
Henry Schreiner	557c5f65f8	feat: remove GraalPy 3.11 (gp311) support (#2895 ) Drops the GraalPy 3.11 / GraalPy 24.2 builds (gp311_242) as agreed in pypa/cibuildwheel#2741: a ~6-month overlap after the GraalPy 25 (gp312) release. GraalPy 3.12 (gp312_250) stays. This also removes the GraalPy 24-only workarounds that were explicitly marked "Remove when GraalPy 24.x is dropped": - the Visual Studio compiler-discovery (vswhere) and build-isolation (graalpython#491) workarounds in the Windows backend - the issue-491 Windows skip/filter hacks in test_pep518 and test_dependency_versions (added in the original GraalPy PR #1538 and unneeded since GraalPy 25 per #2597) The uv-doesn't-support-graalpy skip (#2754), the `graalpy` enable group, and the generated constraints pins apply to all GraalPy and are kept. Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-4.8	2026-06-07 14:24:31 -04:00
Matthieu Darbois Claude Opus 4.8 Henry Schreiner	70975c2153	chore: use ConfigurationError when package_dir is outside cwd (#2898 ) * chore: use ConfigurationError when package_dir is outside cwd Replace a generic Exception with errors. ConfigurationError when package_dir is not inside the working directory. This makes the error type consistent with the project's error handling and allows the CLI to treat this as a fatal error with the expected exit behavior. * test: merge linux package_dir test into linux_build_steps_test Fold the standalone linux_build_test.py into the existing linux_build_steps_test.py, which already covers the linux platform build orchestration. Reuses the file's existing import boilerplate and module-qualified build() call style. Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-4.8 Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com> --------- Co-authored-by: Henry Schreiner <henryfs@princeton.edu> Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>	2026-06-06 23:10:32 -04:00
dependabot[bot]anddependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	e2f143c327	chore(deps): bump docker/setup-qemu-action from 4.0.0 to 4.1.0 in the actions group (#2902 ) chore(deps): bump docker/setup-qemu-action in the actions group Bumps the actions group with 1 update: [docker/setup-qemu-action](https://github.com/docker/setup-qemu-action). Updates `docker/setup-qemu-action` from 4.0.0 to 4.1.0 - [Release notes](https://github.com/docker/setup-qemu-action/releases) - [Commits](https://github.com/docker/setup-qemu-action/compare/ce360397dd3f832beb865e1373c09c0e9f86d70a...06116385d9baf250c9f4dcb4858b16962ea869c3) --- updated-dependencies: - dependency-name: docker/setup-qemu-action dependency-version: 4.1.0 dependency-type: direct:production update-type: version-update:semver-minor dependency-group: actions ... Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com> Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2026-06-06 21:35:17 -04:00
Henry Schreiner	866ae74781	docs: fix CUDA manylinux container references in FAQ (#2900 ) Noticed by Claude when doing something else.	2026-06-06 10:32:03 -04:00
Matthieu Darbois	84b518a1b1	chore: simplify pinned image lookup (#2897 ) Replace the explicit if/else used to resolve pinned container images with pinned_images.get(config_value, config_value) in the manylinux and musllinux loops inside _compute_build_options. This keeps behavior identical while reducing duplication and simplifying the code in cibuildwheel/options.py.	2026-06-06 08:19:14 -04:00
Philip Hyunsu Cho	785d812a47	docs: add instructions for building CUDA wheels (#2896 ) * Add documentation for building CUDA wheels * Move to Tips section	2026-06-06 08:18:02 -04:00