Bump version: v3.1.4

Bump to Pyodide 0.28.2

.cirrus.yml

@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ linux_aarch64_task:
   <<: *RUN_TESTS
 
 windows_x86_task:
-  # The task takes ~55 minutes while the timeout happens
-  # after 60 minutes by default, let's allow some wiggle room.
+  # The task takes ~55 minutes while the timeout happens after 60 minutes by default,
+  # let's allow some wiggle room.
   timeout_in: 120m
   windows_container:
     image: cirrusci/windowsservercore:visualstudio2022

.github/CODEOWNERS

@@ -1,2 +1,7 @@
+# Specification files for platform maintainers
 cibuildwheel/platforms/ios.py         @freakboy3742
 cibuildwheel/platforms/pyodide.py     @hoodmane @ryanking13 @agriyakhetarpal
+cibuildwheel/platforms/android.py     @mhsmith
+
+# Constraints files
+cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-pyodide*.txt @hoodmane @ryanking13 @agriyakhetarpal

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ jobs:
   dist:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
 
     - uses: hynek/build-and-inspect-python-package@v2
 
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ jobs:
       attestations: write
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+    - uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
       with:
         name: Packages
         path: dist

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ jobs:
     name: Linters (mypy, ruff, etc.)
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
     - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
       id: python
       with:
@@ -47,21 +47,47 @@ jobs:
       run: pipx run --python "${{ steps.python.outputs.python-path }}" nox -s pylint -- --output-format=github
 
   test:
-    name: Test on ${{ matrix.os }} (${{ matrix.python_version }})
+    name: Test on ${{ matrix.os }} (${{ matrix.python_version }}) ${{ matrix.test_select }}
     needs: lint
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        os: [ubuntu-latest, ubuntu-24.04-arm, windows-latest, windows-11-arm, macos-13, macos-15]
-        python_version: ['3.13']
         include:
+        # Min Python
         - os: ubuntu-latest
           python_version: '3.11'
+        # Max Python
         - os: ubuntu-latest
           python_version: '3.14'
+        - os: ubuntu-latest
+          python_version: '3.13'
+          test_select: android
+        - os: ubuntu-24.04-arm
+          python_version: '3.13'
+        - os: windows-latest
+          python_version: '3.13'
+        - os: windows-11-arm
+          python_version: '3.13'
+        - os: macos-13
+          python_version: '3.13'
+        - os: macos-15
+          python_version: '3.13'
+        - os: macos-13
+          python_version: '3.13'
+          test_select: ios
+        - os: macos-14  # 20250811 macos-15 update caused havoc with iOS simulators
+          python_version: '3.13'
+          test_select: ios
+        - os: macos-13
+          python_version: '3.13'
+          test_select: android
+        - os: macos-15
+          python_version: '3.13'
+          test_select: android
     timeout-minutes: 180
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
     - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
       name: Install Python ${{ matrix.python_version }}
       with:
@@ -97,6 +123,7 @@ jobs:
         uv sync --no-dev --group test
 
     - uses: joerick/pr-labels-action@v1.0.9
+
     - name: Set CIBW_ENABLE
       shell: bash
       run: |
@@ -127,29 +154,33 @@ jobs:
         output-dir: wheelhouse
       env:
         CIBW_ARCHS_MACOS: x86_64 universal2 arm64
-        CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND: 'build[uv]'
+        CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND: ${{ matrix.test_select && 'build' || 'build[uv]' }}
+        CIBW_PLATFORM: ${{ matrix.test_select }}
 
     - name: Run a sample build (GitHub Action, only)
       uses: ./
+      if: matrix.test_select == ''
       with:
         package-dir: sample_proj
         output-dir: wheelhouse_only
-        only: cp312-${{ runner.os == 'Linux' && (runner.arch == 'ARM64' && 'manylinux_aarch64' || 'manylinux_x86_64') || (runner.os == 'Windows' && 'win_amd64' || 'macosx_x86_64') }}
+        only: cp313-${{ runner.os == 'Linux' && (runner.arch == 'ARM64' && 'manylinux_aarch64' || 'manylinux_x86_64') || (runner.os == 'Windows' && 'win_amd64' || 'macosx_x86_64') }}
 
     - name: Create custom configuration file
       shell: bash
       run: |
         cat > sample_proj/cibw.toml <<EOF
         [tool.cibuildwheel]
-        # Only build on CPython 3.12 on native arch
+        # Only build on CPython 3.13 on native arch
         archs = ["native"]
-        build = "cp312-*"
+        build = "cp313-*"
         # Skip musllinux
         skip = "*-musllinux*"
         EOF
 
     - name: Run a sample build (GitHub Action, config-file)
       uses: ./
+      env:
+        CIBW_PLATFORM: ${{ matrix.test_select }}
       with:
         package-dir: sample_proj
         output-dir: wheelhouse_config_file
@@ -159,9 +190,14 @@ jobs:
       shell: bash
       run: |
         test $(find wheelhouse -name '*.whl' | wc -l) -ge 1
-        test $(find wheelhouse_only -name '*.whl' | wc -l) -eq 1
         test $(find wheelhouse_config_file -name '*.whl' | wc -l) -eq 1
 
+    - name: Check Action artifacts (native build only)
+      if: matrix.test_select == ''
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        test $(find wheelhouse_only -name '*.whl' | wc -l) -eq 1
+
     - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
       with:
         name: cibw-wheels-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ strategy.job-index }}
@@ -169,7 +205,7 @@ jobs:
 
     - name: Test cibuildwheel
       run: |
-        uv run --no-sync bin/run_tests.py ${{ (runner.os == 'Linux' && runner.arch == 'X64') && '--run-podman' || '' }}
+        uv run --no-sync bin/run_tests.py --test-select=${{ matrix.test_select || 'native' }} ${{ (runner.os == 'Linux' && runner.arch == 'X64') && '--run-podman' || '' }}
 
   emulated-archs:
     name: Get qemu emulated architectures
@@ -178,7 +214,7 @@ jobs:
     outputs:
       archs: ${{ steps.archs.outputs.archs }}
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
     - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
       with:
         python-version: "3.x"
@@ -201,7 +237,7 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         arch: ${{ fromJSON(needs.emulated-archs.outputs.archs) }}
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
     - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
       with:
         python-version: "3.x"
@@ -221,7 +257,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     timeout-minutes: 180
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
     - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
       name: Install Python 3.12
       with:

.github/workflows/update-dependencies.yml

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ jobs:
         app-id: ${{ secrets.CIBUILDWHEEL_BOT_APP_ID }}
         private-key: ${{ secrets.CIBUILDWHEEL_BOT_APP_PRIVATE_KEY }}
 
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
 
     - uses: wntrblm/nox@2025.05.01
 

.github/workflows/update-major-minor-tag.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
     permissions:
       contents: write
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
 
       - name: Update the ${{ env.TAG_NAME }} tag
         id: update-major-minor-tag

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 repos:
 
 - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
-  rev: v5.0.0
+  rev: v6.0.0
   hooks:
   - id: check-case-conflict
   - id: check-merge-conflict
@@ -14,14 +14,14 @@ repos:
   - id: trailing-whitespace
 
 - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
-  rev: v0.12.4
+  rev: v0.12.9
   hooks:
   - id: ruff
     args: ["--fix", "--show-fixes"]
   - id: ruff-format
 
 - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy
-  rev: v1.17.0
+  rev: v1.17.1
   hooks:
   - id: mypy
     name: mypy 3.11 on cibuildwheel/
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ repos:
     additional_dependencies: *mypy-dependencies
 
 - repo: https://github.com/shellcheck-py/shellcheck-py
-  rev: v0.10.0.1
+  rev: v0.11.0.1
   hooks:
   - id: shellcheck
 
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ repos:
 
 
 - repo: https://github.com/python-jsonschema/check-jsonschema
-  rev: 0.33.2
+  rev: 0.33.3
   hooks:
     - id: check-dependabot
     - id: check-github-actions

README.md

@@ -91,13 +91,13 @@ jobs:
         os: [ubuntu-latest, ubuntu-24.04-arm, windows-latest, windows-11-arm, macos-13, macos-latest]
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
 
       # Used to host cibuildwheel
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
 
       - name: Install cibuildwheel
-        run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.0
+        run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.4
 
       - name: Build wheels
         run: python -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
@@ -178,8 +178,8 @@ Here are some repos that use cibuildwheel.
 | Name                              | CI | OS | Notes |
 |-----------------------------------|----|----|:------|
 | [scikit-learn][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The machine learning library. A complex but clean config using many of cibuildwheel's features to build a large project with Cython and C++ extensions.  |
-| [pytorch-fairseq][]               | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Facebook AI Research Sequence-to-Sequence Toolkit written in Python. |
 | [duckdb][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | DuckDB is an analytical in-process SQL database management system |
+| [pytorch-fairseq][]               | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Facebook AI Research Sequence-to-Sequence Toolkit written in Python. |
 | [NumPy][]                         | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The fundamental package for scientific computing with Python. |
 | [Tornado][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] ![apple icon][] ![windows icon][] | Tornado is a Python web framework and asynchronous networking library. Uses stable ABI for a small C extension. |
 | [NCNN][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | ncnn is a high-performance neural network inference framework optimized for the mobile platform |
@@ -189,8 +189,8 @@ Here are some repos that use cibuildwheel.
 | [Kivy][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Open source UI framework written in Python, running on Windows, Linux, macOS, Android and iOS |
 
 [scikit-learn]: https://github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn
-[pytorch-fairseq]: https://github.com/facebookresearch/fairseq
 [duckdb]: https://github.com/duckdb/duckdb
+[pytorch-fairseq]: https://github.com/facebookresearch/fairseq
 [NumPy]: https://github.com/numpy/numpy
 [Tornado]: https://github.com/tornadoweb/tornado
 [NCNN]: https://github.com/Tencent/ncnn
@@ -227,6 +227,55 @@ Changelog
 
 <!-- [[[cog from readme_changelog import mini_changelog; print(mini_changelog()) ]]] -->
 
+### v3.1.4
+
+_19 August 2025_
+
+- ✨ Add a `--clean-cache` command to clean up our cache (#2489)
+- 🛠 Update Python to 3.14rc2 and other patch version bumps (#2542, #2556)
+- 🛠 Update Pyodide to 0.28.2 (#2562, #2558)
+- 🐛 Fix resolution with `pyodide-build` when `dependency-versions` is set (#2548)
+- 🐛 Set `CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PACKAGE` to `BOTH` on Android (#2547)
+- 🐛 Add `patchelf` dependency for platforms that can build Android wheels (#2552)
+- 🐛 Ignore empty values for `CIBW_ARCHS` like most other environment variables (#2541)
+- 💼 The `color` and `suggest_on_error` argparse options are now default in 3.14rc1+ (#2554)
+- 💼 Use the virtualenv release URL instead of blob URL (should be more robust) (#2555)
+- 🧪 For iOS, lowering to macos-14 is needed for now due to issues with GitHub's runner images (#2557)
+- 🧪 Split out platforms iOS and Android in our tests (#2519)
+- 🧪 Fix and enable doctests (#2546)
+- 📚 Improve our docs on free-threading (#2549)
+
+
+### v3.1.3
+
+_1 August 2025_
+
+- 🐛 Fix bug where "latest" dependencies couldn't update to pip 25.2 on Windows (#2537)
+- 🧪 Use pytest-rerunfailures to improve some of our iOS/Android tests (#2527, #2539)
+- 🧪 Remove some GraalPy Windows workarounds in our tests (#2501)
+
+
+### v3.1.2
+
+_29 July 2025_
+
+- ⚠️  Add an error if `CIBW_FREE_THREADING_SUPPORT` is set; you are likely missing 3.13t wheels, please use the `enable`/`CIBW_ENABLE` (#2520)
+- 🛠 `riscv64` now enabled if you target that architecture, it's now supported on PyPI (#2509)
+- 🛠 Add warning when using `cpython-experimental-riscv64` (no longer needed) (#2526, #2528)
+- 🛠 iOS versions bumped, fixing issues with 3.14 (now RC 1) (#2530)
+- 🐛 Fix bug in Android running wheel from our GitHub Action (#2517)
+- 🐛 Fix warning when using `test-skip` of `"*-macosx_universal2:arm64"` (#2522)
+- 🐛 Fix incorrect number of wheels reported in logs, again (#2517)
+- 📚 We welcome our Android platform maintainer (#2516)
+
+
+### v3.1.1
+
+_24 July 2025_
+
+- 🐛 Fix a bug showing an incorrect wheel count at the end of execution, and misrepresenting test-only runs in the GitHub Action summary (#2512)
+- 📚 Docs fix (#2510)
+
 ### v3.1.0
 
 _23 July 2025_
@@ -241,70 +290,10 @@ _23 July 2025_
 - 🛠 Fixed a typo in the 3.9 MUSL riscv64 identifier (`cp39-musllinux_ricv64` -> `cp39-musllinux_riscv64`) (#2490)
 - 🛠 Mistyping `--only` now shows the correct possibilities, and even suggests near matches on Python 3.14+ (#2499)
 - 🛠 Only support one output from the repair step on linux like other platforms; auditwheel fixed this over four years ago! (#2478)
-- 🛠 We now use pattern matching extensively (#2434)
+- 💼 We now use pattern matching extensively (#2434)
 - 📚 We now have platform maintainers for our special platforms and interpreters! (#2481)
 
-
-
-### v3.0.1
-
-_5 July 2025_
-
-- 🛠 Updates CPython 3.14 prerelease to 3.14.0b3 (#2471)
-- ✨ Adds a CPython 3.14 prerelease iOS build (only when prerelease builds are [enabled](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable)) (#2475)
-
-### v3.0.0
-
-_11 June 2025_
-
-See @henryiii's [release post](https://iscinumpy.dev/post/cibuildwheel-3-0-0/) for more info on new features!
-
-- 🌟 Adds the ability to [build wheels for iOS](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/platforms/#ios)! Set the [`platform` option](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#platform) to `ios` on a Mac with the iOS toolchain to try it out! (#2286, #2363, #2432)
-- 🌟 Adds support for the GraalPy interpreter! Enable for your project using the [`enable` option](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable). (#1538, #2411, #2414)
-- ✨ Adds CPython 3.14 support, under the [`enable` option](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable) `cpython-prerelease`. This version of cibuildwheel uses 3.14.0b2. (#2390)
-
-    _While CPython is in beta, the ABI can change, so your wheels might not be compatible with the final release. For this reason, we don't recommend distributing wheels until RC1, at which point 3.14 will be available in cibuildwheel without the flag._ (#2390)
-
-- ✨ Adds the [test-sources option](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#test-sources), which copies files and folders into the temporary working directory we run tests from. (#2062, #2284, #2420, #2437)
-
-    This is particularly important for iOS builds, which do not support placeholders in the `test-command`, but can also be useful for other platforms.
-
-- ✨ Adds [`dependency-versions`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#dependency-versions) inline syntax (#2122)
-- ✨ Improves support for Pyodide builds and adds the experimental [`pyodide-version`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#pyodide-version) option, which allows you to specify the version of Pyodide to use for builds. (#2002)
-- ✨ Add `pyodide-prerelease` [enable](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable) option, with an early build of 0.28 (Python 3.13). (#2431)
-- ✨ Adds the [`test-environment`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#test-environment) option, which allows you to set environment variables for the test command. (#2388)
-- ✨ Adds the [`xbuild-tools`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#xbuild-tools) option, which allows you to specify tools safe for cross-compilation. Currently only used on iOS; will be useful for Android in the future. (#2317)
-- 🛠 The default [manylinux image](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#linux-image) has changed from `manylinux2014` to `manylinux_2_28`. (#2330)
-- 🛠 EOL images `manylinux1`, `manylinux2010`, `manylinux_2_24` and `musllinux_1_1` can no longer be specified by their shortname. The full OCI name can still be used for these images, if you wish. (#2316)
-- 🛠 Invokes `build` rather than `pip wheel` to build wheels by default. You can control this via the [`build-frontend`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#build-frontend) option. You might notice that you can see your build log output now! (#2321)
-- 🛠 Build verbosity settings have been reworked to have consistent meanings between build backends when non-zero. (#2339)
-- 🛠 Removed the `CIBW_PRERELEASE_PYTHONS` and `CIBW_FREE_THREADED_SUPPORT` options - these have been folded into the [`enable`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable) option instead. (#2095)
-- 🛠 Build environments no longer have setuptools and wheel preinstalled. (#2329)
-- 🛠 Use the standard Schema line for the integrated JSONSchema. (#2433)
-- ⚠️ Dropped support for building Python 3.6 and 3.7 wheels. If you need to build wheels for these versions, use cibuildwheel v2.23.3 or earlier. (#2282)
-- ⚠️ The minimum Python version required to run cibuildwheel is now Python 3.11. You can still build wheels for Python 3.8 and newer. (#1912)
-- ⚠️ 32-bit Linux wheels no longer built by default - the [arch](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#archs) was removed from `"auto"`. It now requires explicit `"auto32"`. Note that modern manylinux images (like the new default, `manylinux_2_28`) do not have 32-bit versions. (#2458)
-- ⚠️ PyPy wheels no longer built by default, due to a change to our options system. To continue building PyPy wheels, you'll now need to set the [`enable` option](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable) to `pypy` or `pypy-eol`. (#2095)
-- ⚠️ Dropped official support for Appveyor. If it was working for you before, it will probably continue to do so, but we can't be sure, because our CI doesn't run there anymore. (#2386)
-- 📚 A reorganisation of the docs, and numerous updates. (#2280)
-- 📚 Use Python 3.14 color output in docs CLI output. (#2407)
-- 📚 Docs now primarily use the pyproject.toml name of options, rather than the environment variable name. (#2389)
-- 📚 README table now matches docs and auto-updates. (#2427, #2428)
-
-### v2.23.3
-
-_26 April 2025_
-
-- 🛠 Dependency updates, including Python 3.13.3 (#2371)
-
-### v2.23.2
-
-_24 March 2025_
-
-- 🐛 Workaround an issue with pyodide builds when running cibuildwheel with a Python that was installed via UV (#2328 via #2331)
-- 🛠 Dependency updates, including a manylinux update that fixes an ['undefined symbol' error](https://github.com/pypa/manylinux/issues/1760) in gcc-toolset (#2334)
-
-<!-- [[[end]]] (sum: HkLT9ZhhtV) -->
+<!-- [[[end]]] (sum: loynkRqdzf) -->
 
 ---
 
@@ -339,6 +328,7 @@ Platform maintainers:
 - Hood Chatham [@hoodmane](https://github.com/hoodmane) (Pyodide)
 - Gyeongjae Choi [@ryanking13](https://github.com/ryanking13) (Pyodide)
 - Tim Felgentreff [@timfel](https://github.com/timfel) (GraalPy)
+- Malcolm Smith [@mhsmith](https://github.com/mhsmith) (Android)
 
 Credits
 -------

azure-pipelines.yml

@@ -16,62 +16,61 @@ pr:
       - noxfile.py
 
 jobs:
-- job: linux_311
+- job: tests
+  strategy:
+    matrix:
+      linux_311:
+        imageName: "ubuntu-latest"
+        pythonVersion: "3.11"
+        testSelect: "native"
+      android_311:
+        imageName: "ubuntu-latest"
+        pythonVersion: "3.11"
+        testSelect: "android"
+      macos_311:
+        imageName: "macos-latest"
+        pythonVersion: "3.11"
+        testSelect: "native"
+      ios_311:
+        imageName: "macos-latest"
+        pythonVersion: "3.11"
+        testSelect: "ios"
+      android_macos_311:
+        imageName: "macos-latest"
+        pythonVersion: "3.11"
+        testSelect: "android"
+      windows_311:
+        imageName: "windows-latest"
+        pythonVersion: "3.11"
+        testSelect: "native"
   timeoutInMinutes: 180
-  pool: {vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'}
+  pool:
+    vmImage: $(imageName)
+
   steps:
     - task: UsePythonVersion@0
       inputs:
-        versionSpec: '3.11'
+        versionSpec: $(pythonVersion)
+
     - task: JavaToolInstaller@0
+      condition: and(eq(variables['testSelect'], 'android'), eq(variables['Agent.OS'], 'Linux'))
       inputs:
         versionSpec: '17'
         jdkArchitectureOption: 'x64'
         jdkSourceOption: 'PreInstalled'
-    - bash: |
-        docker run --rm --privileged docker.io/tonistiigi/binfmt:latest --install all
-        python -m pip install -U pip
-        python -m pip install -e. --group test
-        if [ "$(Build.SourceBranch)" = "refs/heads/main" ]; then
-          echo "INFO: Exporting CIBW_ENABLE=all for main branch test run."
-          export CIBW_ENABLE=all
-        else
-          echo "INFO: CIBW_ENABLE not set for this branch ($(Build.SourceBranch))."
-        fi
-        python ./bin/run_tests.py
 
-- job: macos_311
-  pool: {vmImage: 'macOS-latest'}
-  timeoutInMinutes: 120
-  steps:
-    - task: UsePythonVersion@0
-      inputs:
-        versionSpec: '3.11'
-    - bash: |
-        python -m pip install -U pip
-        python -m pip install -e. --group test
-        if [ "$(Build.SourceBranch)" = "refs/heads/main" ]; then
-          echo "INFO: Exporting CIBW_ENABLE=all for main branch test run."
-          export CIBW_ENABLE=all
-        else
-          echo "INFO: CIBW_ENABLE not set for this branch ($(Build.SourceBranch))."
-        fi
-        python ./bin/run_tests.py
+    - bash: docker run --rm --privileged docker.io/tonistiigi/binfmt:latest --install all
+      condition: and(eq(variables['imageName'], 'ubuntu-latest'), eq(variables['testSelect'], 'native'))
+      displayName: 'Install binfmt on Linux'
+
+    - bash: python -m pip install -U pip && python -m pip install -e. --group test
+      displayName: 'Update pip and install cibuildwheel --group test'
+
+    - bash: echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=CIBW_ENABLE;]all"
+      condition: eq(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/main')
+      displayName: Set CIBW_ENABLE to all (main branch)
 
-- job: windows_311
-  pool: {vmImage: 'windows-latest'}
-  timeoutInMinutes: 180
-  steps:
-    - task: UsePythonVersion@0
-      inputs:
-        versionSpec: '3.11'
     - bash: |
-        python -m pip install -U pip
-        python -m pip install -e. --group test
-        if [ "$(Build.SourceBranch)" = "refs/heads/main" ]; then
-          echo "INFO: Exporting CIBW_ENABLE=all for main branch test run."
-          export CIBW_ENABLE=all
-        else
-          echo "INFO: CIBW_ENABLE not set for this branch ($(Build.SourceBranch))."
-        fi
-        python ./bin/run_tests.py
+        echo "CIBW_ENABLE = $CIBW_ENABLE"
+        python ./bin/run_tests.py --test-select $(testSelect)
+      displayName: 'Run tests'

bin/generate_schema.py

@@ -6,17 +6,12 @@
 
 import argparse
 import copy
-import functools
 import json
-import sys
 from typing import Any
 
 import yaml
 
-make_parser = functools.partial(argparse.ArgumentParser, allow_abbrev=False)
-if sys.version_info >= (3, 14):
-    make_parser = functools.partial(make_parser, color=True, suggest_on_error=True)
-parser = make_parser()
+parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(allow_abbrev=False)
 parser.add_argument("--schemastore", action="store_true", help="Generate schema_store version")
 args = parser.parse_args()
 

bin/run_tests.py

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 
 import argparse
-import functools
 import os
 import subprocess
 import sys
@@ -14,10 +13,7 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
     else:
         default_cpu_count = os.process_cpu_count() or 2
 
-    make_parser = functools.partial(argparse.ArgumentParser, allow_abbrev=False)
-    if sys.version_info >= (3, 14):
-        make_parser = functools.partial(make_parser, color=True, suggest_on_error=True)
-    parser = make_parser()
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(allow_abbrev=False)
     parser.add_argument(
         "--run-podman", action="store_true", default=False, help="run podman tests (linux only)"
     )
@@ -27,26 +23,66 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
         default=default_cpu_count,
         help="number of processes to use for testing",
     )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--test-select",
+        choices={"all", "native", "android", "ios", "pyodide"},
+        default="all",
+        help="Either 'native' or 'android'/'ios'/'pyodide'",
+    )
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
     # move cwd to the project root
     os.chdir(Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1])
 
+    # doc tests
+    doc_test_args = [sys.executable, "-m", "pytest", "cibuildwheel"]
+
+    print(
+        "\n\n================================== DOC TESTS ==================================",
+        flush=True,
+    )
+    result = subprocess.run(doc_test_args, check=False)
+    if result.returncode not in (0, 5):
+        # Allow case where no doctests are collected (returncode 5) because
+        # circleci sets an explicit "-k" filter that disables doctests. There
+        # isn't a pattern that will only select doctests. This can be removed
+        # and have check=True if the circleci PYTEST_ADDOPTS is removed.
+        raise subprocess.CalledProcessError(
+            result.returncode, result.args, output=result.stdout, stderr=result.stderr
+        )
+
     # unit tests
+    print(
+        "\n\n================================== UNIT TESTS ==================================",
+        flush=True,
+    )
     unit_test_args = [sys.executable, "-m", "pytest", "unit_test"]
 
-    if sys.platform.startswith("linux") and os.environ.get("CIBW_PLATFORM", "linux") == "linux":
+    if (
+        sys.platform.startswith("linux")
+        and os.environ.get("CIBW_PLATFORM", "linux") == "linux"
+        and args.test_select in ["all", "native"]
+    ):
         # run the docker unit tests only on Linux
         unit_test_args += ["--run-docker"]
 
         if args.run_podman:
             unit_test_args += ["--run-podman"]
 
+    subprocess.run(unit_test_args, check=True)
+
     print(
-        "\n\n================================== UNIT TESTS ==================================",
+        "\n\n=========================== SERIAL INTEGRATION TESTS ===========================",
         flush=True,
     )
-    subprocess.run(unit_test_args, check=True)
+
+    match args.test_select:
+        case "all":
+            marks = []
+        case "native":
+            marks = ["not pyodide", "not android", "not ios"]
+        case mark:
+            marks = [f"{mark}"]
 
     # Run the serial integration tests without multiple processes
     serial_integration_test_args = [
@@ -54,7 +90,7 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
         "-m",
         "pytest",
         "-m",
-        "serial",
+        f"{' and '.join(['serial', *marks])}",
         "-x",
         "--durations",
         "0",
@@ -62,19 +98,19 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
         "test",
         "-vv",
     ]
-    print(
-        "\n\n=========================== SERIAL INTEGRATION TESTS ===========================",
-        flush=True,
-    )
+
     subprocess.run(serial_integration_test_args, check=True)
 
-    # Non-serial integration tests
+    print(
+        "\n\n========================= NON-SERIAL INTEGRATION TESTS =========================",
+        flush=True,
+    )
     integration_test_args = [
         sys.executable,
         "-m",
         "pytest",
         "-m",
-        "not serial",
+        f"{' and '.join(['not serial', *marks])}",
         f"--numprocesses={args.num_processes}",
         "-x",
         "--durations",
@@ -87,8 +123,4 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
     if sys.platform.startswith("linux") and args.run_podman:
         integration_test_args += ["--run-podman"]
 
-    print(
-        "\n\n========================= NON-SERIAL INTEGRATION TESTS =========================",
-        flush=True,
-    )
     subprocess.run(integration_test_args, check=True)

bin/sample_build.py

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 
 import argparse
-import functools
 import os
 import subprocess
 import sys
@@ -13,10 +12,7 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
     # move cwd to the project root
     os.chdir(Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1])
 
-    make_parser = functools.partial(argparse.ArgumentParser, allow_abbrev=False)
-    if sys.version_info >= (3, 14):
-        make_parser = functools.partial(make_parser, color=True, suggest_on_error=True)
-    parser = make_parser(description="Runs a sample build")
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Runs a sample build", allow_abbrev=False)
     parser.add_argument("project_python_path", nargs="?", default="test.test_0_basic.basic_project")
 
     options = parser.parse_args()

bin/update_virtualenv.py

@@ -4,17 +4,18 @@
 import dataclasses
 import difflib
 import logging
-import subprocess
 import tomllib
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Final
 
 import click
 import rich
-from packaging.version import InvalidVersion, Version
+from packaging.version import Version
 from rich.logging import RichHandler
 from rich.syntax import Syntax
 
+from cibuildwheel.extra import github_api_request
+
 log = logging.getLogger("cibw")
 
 # Looking up the dir instead of using utils.resources_dir
@@ -30,32 +31,26 @@ GET_VIRTUALENV_URL_TEMPLATE: Final[str] = (
 
 @dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True, order=True)
 class VersionTuple:
+    name: str
+    download_url: str
     version: Version
-    version_string: str
 
 
-def git_ls_remote_versions(url: str) -> list[VersionTuple]:
-    versions: list[VersionTuple] = []
-    tags = subprocess.run(
-        ["git", "ls-remote", "--tags", url], check=True, text=True, capture_output=True
-    ).stdout.splitlines()
-    for tag in tags:
-        _, ref = tag.split()
-        assert ref.startswith("refs/tags/")
-        version_string = ref[10:]
-        try:
-            version = Version(version_string)
-            if version.is_devrelease:
-                log.info("Ignoring development release %r", str(version))
-                continue
-            if version.is_prerelease:
-                log.info("Ignoring pre-release %r", str(version))
-                continue
-            versions.append(VersionTuple(version, version_string))
-        except InvalidVersion:
-            log.warning("Ignoring ref %r", ref)
-    versions.sort(reverse=True)
-    return versions
+def get_latest_virtualenv_release() -> VersionTuple:
+    response = github_api_request("repos/pypa/get-virtualenv/releases/latest")
+    tag_name = response["tag_name"]
+
+    asset = next(
+        (asset for asset in response["assets"] if asset["name"] == "virtualenv.pyz"),
+        None,
+    )
+    if not asset:
+        msg = "No asset named 'virtualenv.pyz' found in the latest release of get-virtualenv."
+        raise RuntimeError(msg)
+
+    return VersionTuple(
+        version=Version(tag_name), name=tag_name, download_url=asset["browser_download_url"]
+    )
 
 
 @click.command()
@@ -78,14 +73,20 @@ def update_virtualenv(force: bool, level: str) -> None:
     with toml_file_path.open("rb") as f:
         configurations = tomllib.load(f)
     default = configurations.pop("default")
-    version = str(default["version"])
-    versions = git_ls_remote_versions(GET_VIRTUALENV_GITHUB)
-    if versions[0].version > Version(version):
-        version = versions[0].version_string
+    local_version = str(default["version"])
+
+    latest_release = get_latest_virtualenv_release()
+
+    if latest_release.version > Version(local_version):
+        version = latest_release.name
+        url = latest_release.download_url
+    else:
+        version = local_version
+        url = default["url"]
 
     configurations["default"] = {
         "version": version,
-        "url": GET_VIRTUALENV_URL_TEMPLATE.format(version=version),
+        "url": url,
     }
     result_toml = "".join(
         f'{key} = {{ version = "{value["version"]}", url = "{value["url"]}" }}\n'

cibuildwheel/__init__.py

@@ -1 +1 @@
-__version__ = "3.1.0"
+__version__ = "3.1.4"

cibuildwheel/__main__.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import argparse
 import contextlib
 import dataclasses
-import functools
 import os
 import shutil
 import sys
@@ -9,7 +8,7 @@ import tarfile
 import textwrap
 import traceback
 import typing
-from collections.abc import Iterable, Sequence
+from collections.abc import Generator, Iterable, Sequence
 from pathlib import Path
 from tempfile import mkdtemp
 from typing import Any, Literal, TextIO
@@ -24,7 +23,7 @@ from cibuildwheel.options import CommandLineArguments, Options, compute_options
 from cibuildwheel.platforms import ALL_PLATFORM_MODULES, get_build_identifiers, native_platform
 from cibuildwheel.selector import BuildSelector, EnableGroup, selector_matches
 from cibuildwheel.typing import PLATFORMS, PlatformName
-from cibuildwheel.util.file import CIBW_CACHE_PATH
+from cibuildwheel.util.file import CIBW_CACHE_PATH, ensure_cache_sentinel
 from cibuildwheel.util.helpers import strtobool
 from cibuildwheel.util.resources import read_all_configs
 
@@ -80,16 +79,14 @@ def main_inner(global_options: GlobalOptions) -> None:
     rather than exiting directly.
     """
 
-    make_parser = functools.partial(argparse.ArgumentParser, allow_abbrev=False)
-    if sys.version_info >= (3, 14):
-        make_parser = functools.partial(make_parser, color=True, suggest_on_error=True)
-    parser = make_parser(
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
         description="Build wheels for all the platforms.",
         epilog="""
             Most options are supplied via environment variables or in
             --config-file (pyproject.toml usually). See
             https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel#options for info.
         """,
+        allow_abbrev=False,
     )
 
     parser.add_argument(
@@ -182,6 +179,12 @@ def main_inner(global_options: GlobalOptions) -> None:
         help="Print the build identifiers matched by the current invocation and exit.",
     )
 
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--clean-cache",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Clear the cibuildwheel cache and exit.",
+    )
+
     parser.add_argument(
         "--allow-empty",
         action="store_true",
@@ -199,6 +202,48 @@ def main_inner(global_options: GlobalOptions) -> None:
 
     global_options.print_traceback_on_error = args.debug_traceback
 
+    if args.clean_cache:
+        if not CIBW_CACHE_PATH.exists():
+            print(f"Cache directory does not exist: {CIBW_CACHE_PATH}")
+            sys.exit(0)
+
+        sentinel_file = CIBW_CACHE_PATH / "CACHEDIR.TAG"
+        if not sentinel_file.exists():
+            print(
+                f"Error: {CIBW_CACHE_PATH} does not appear to be a cibuildwheel cache directory.",
+                "Only directories with a CACHEDIR.TAG sentinel file can be cleaned.",
+                sep="\n",
+                file=sys.stderr,
+            )
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+        # Verify signature to ensure it's a proper cache dir
+        # See https://bford.info/cachedir/ for more
+        try:
+            sentinel_content = sentinel_file.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+        except OSError as e:
+            print(f"Error reading cache directory tag: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+        if not sentinel_content.startswith("Signature: 8a477f597d28d172789f06886806bc55"):
+            print(
+                f"Error: {sentinel_file} does not contain a valid cache directory signature.",
+                "For safety, only properly signed cache directories can be cleaned.",
+                sep="\n",
+                file=sys.stderr,
+            )
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+        print(f"Clearing cache directory: {CIBW_CACHE_PATH}")
+        try:
+            shutil.rmtree(CIBW_CACHE_PATH)
+            print("Cache cleared successfully.")
+        except OSError as e:
+            print(f"Error clearing cache: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+        sys.exit(0)
+
     args.package_dir = args.package_dir.resolve()
 
     # This are always relative to the base directory, even in SDist builds
@@ -312,6 +357,7 @@ def build_in_directory(args: CommandLineArguments) -> None:
 
     # create the cache dir before it gets printed & builds performed
     CIBW_CACHE_PATH.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    ensure_cache_sentinel(CIBW_CACHE_PATH)
 
     print_preamble(platform=platform, options=options, identifiers=identifiers)
 
@@ -369,41 +415,61 @@ def print_preamble(platform: str, options: Options, identifiers: Sequence[str])
     print(f"Cache folder: {CIBW_CACHE_PATH}")
     print()
 
-    warnings = detect_warnings(options=options, identifiers=identifiers)
+    warnings = detect_warnings(options=options)
     for warning in warnings:
         log.warning(warning)
 
+    error_list = list(detect_errors(options=options, identifiers=identifiers))
+    if error_list:
+        for error in error_list:
+            log.error(error)
+        msg = "\n".join(error_list)
+        raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg)
+
     print("Here we go!\n")
 
 
-def detect_warnings(*, options: Options, identifiers: Iterable[str]) -> list[str]:
-    warnings = []
-
-    python_version_deprecation = ((3, 11), 3)
-    if sys.version_info[:2] < python_version_deprecation[0]:
-        python_version = ".".join(map(str, python_version_deprecation[0]))
-        msg = (
-            f"cibuildwheel {python_version_deprecation[1]} will require Python {python_version}+, "
-            "please upgrade the Python version used to run cibuildwheel. "
-            "This does not affect the versions you can target when building wheels. See: https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/#what-does-it-do"
+def detect_errors(*, options: Options, identifiers: Iterable[str]) -> Generator[str, None, None]:
+    # Check for deprecated CIBW_FREE_THREADED_SUPPORT environment variable
+    if "CIBW_FREE_THREADED_SUPPORT" in os.environ:
+        yield (
+            "CIBW_FREE_THREADED_SUPPORT environment variable is no longer supported. "
+            'Use tool.cibuildwheel.enable = ["cpython-freethreading"] in pyproject.toml '
+            "or set CIBW_ENABLE=cpython-freethreading instead."
         )
-        warnings.append(msg)
 
-    # warn about deprecated {python} and {pip}
+    # Deprecated {python} and {pip}
     for option_name in ["test_command", "before_build"]:
         option_values = [getattr(options.build_options(i), option_name) for i in identifiers]
 
         if any(o and ("{python}" in o or "{pip}" in o) for o in option_values):
             # Reminder: in an f-string, double braces means literal single brace
-            msg = (
+            yield (
                 f"{option_name}: '{{python}}' and '{{pip}}' are no longer supported "
                 "and have been removed in cibuildwheel 3. Simply use 'python' or 'pip' instead."
             )
-            raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg)
+
+
+def detect_warnings(*, options: Options) -> Generator[str, None, None]:
+    python_version_deprecation = ((3, 11), 3)
+    if sys.version_info[:2] < python_version_deprecation[0]:
+        python_version = ".".join(map(str, python_version_deprecation[0]))
+        yield (
+            f"cibuildwheel {python_version_deprecation[1]} will require Python {python_version}+, "
+            "please upgrade the Python version used to run cibuildwheel. "
+            "This does not affect the versions you can target when building wheels. See: https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/#what-does-it-do"
+        )
 
     build_selector = options.globals.build_selector
     test_selector = options.globals.test_selector
 
+    if EnableGroup.CPythonExperimentalRiscV64 in build_selector.enable:
+        yield (
+            "'cpython-experimental-riscv64' enable is deprecated and will be removed in a future version. "
+            "It should be removed from tool.cibuildwheel.enable in pyproject.toml "
+            "or CIBW_ENABLE environment variable."
+        )
+
     all_valid_identifiers = [
         config.identifier
         for module in ALL_PLATFORM_MODULES.values()
@@ -417,27 +483,25 @@ def detect_warnings(*, options: Options, identifiers: Iterable[str]) -> list[str
         identifier for identifier in all_valid_identifiers if enabled_selector(identifier)
     ]
 
-    warnings += check_for_invalid_selectors(
+    yield from check_for_invalid_selectors(
         selector_name="build",
         selector_value=build_selector.build_config,
         all_valid_identifiers=all_valid_identifiers,
         all_enabled_identifiers=all_enabled_identifiers,
     )
-    warnings += check_for_invalid_selectors(
+    yield from check_for_invalid_selectors(
         selector_name="skip",
         selector_value=build_selector.skip_config,
         all_valid_identifiers=all_valid_identifiers,
         all_enabled_identifiers=all_enabled_identifiers,
     )
-    warnings += check_for_invalid_selectors(
+    yield from check_for_invalid_selectors(
         selector_name="test_skip",
         selector_value=test_selector.skip_config,
         all_valid_identifiers=all_valid_identifiers,
         all_enabled_identifiers=all_enabled_identifiers,
     )
 
-    return warnings
-
 
 def check_for_invalid_selectors(
     *,
@@ -449,17 +513,31 @@ def check_for_invalid_selectors(
     warnings = []
 
     for selector in selector_value.split():
-        if not any(selector_matches(selector, i) for i in all_enabled_identifiers):
+        selector_ = selector
+        if selector_name == "test_skip":
+            # macosx_universal2 uses an additional identifier for tests which ends with ":{arch}"
+            values = selector.split(":")
+            universal2_identifiers = filter(
+                lambda x: x.endswith("-macosx_universal2"), all_valid_identifiers
+            )
+            if len(values) == 2 and any(
+                selector_matches(selector_, f"{i}:{arch}")
+                for i in universal2_identifiers
+                for arch in ["arm64", "x86_64"]
+            ):
+                # just ignore the arch part in the rest of the check
+                selector_ = values[0]
+        if not any(selector_matches(selector_, i) for i in all_enabled_identifiers):
             msg = f"Invalid {selector_name} selector: {selector!r}. "
             error_type: type = errors.ConfigurationError
 
-            if any(selector_matches(selector, i) for i in all_valid_identifiers):
+            if any(selector_matches(selector_, i) for i in all_valid_identifiers):
                 msg += "This selector matches a group that wasn't enabled. Enable it using the `enable` option or remove this selector. "
 
-            if "p2" in selector or "p35" in selector:
+            if "p2" in selector_ or "p35" in selector_:
                 msg += f"cibuildwheel 3.x no longer supports Python < 3.8. Please use the 1.x series or update `{selector_name}`. "
                 error_type = errors.DeprecationError
-            if "p36" in selector or "p37" in selector:
+            if "p36" in selector_ or "p37" in selector_:
                 msg += f"cibuildwheel 3.x no longer supports Python < 3.8. Please use the 2.x series or update `{selector_name}`. "
                 error_type = errors.DeprecationError
 

cibuildwheel/logger.py

@@ -242,11 +242,11 @@ class Logger:
             github_summary = self._github_step_summary(duration=duration, options=options)
             Path(summary_path).write_text(filter_ansi_codes(github_summary), encoding="utf-8")
 
-        n = len(self.summary)
-        s = "s" if n > 1 else ""
+        n_wheels = len([info for info in self.summary if info.filename])
+        s = "s" if n_wheels > 1 else ""
         duration_str = humanize.naturaldelta(duration)
         print()
-        self._start_fold_group(f"{n} wheel{s} produced in {duration_str}")
+        self._start_fold_group(f"{n_wheels} wheel{s} produced in {duration_str}")
         for build_info in self.summary:
             print(" ", build_info)
         self._end_fold_group()
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ class Logger:
         n_wheels = len([b for b in self.summary if b.filename])
         wheel_rows = "\n".join(
             "<tr>"
-            f"<td nowrap>{'<samp>' + b.filename.name + '</samp>' if b.filename else '*Build only*'}</td>"
+            f"<td nowrap>{'<samp>' + b.filename.name + '</samp>' if b.filename else '*Test only*'}</td>"
             f"<td nowrap>{b.size or 'N/A'}</td>"
             f"<td nowrap><samp>{b.identifier}</samp></td>"
             f"<td nowrap>{humanize.naturaldelta(b.duration)}</td>"

cibuildwheel/oci_container.py

@@ -36,6 +36,28 @@ class OCIPlatform(Enum):
     RISCV64 = "linux/riscv64"
     S390X = "linux/s390x"
 
+    @classmethod
+    def native(cls) -> "OCIPlatform":
+        """Return the current OCI platform, or raise ValueError if unknown."""
+        arch = platform.machine().lower()
+        mapping = {
+            "i386": cls.i386,
+            "i686": cls.i386,
+            "x86_64": cls.AMD64,
+            "amd64": cls.AMD64,
+            "armv7l": cls.ARMV7,
+            "aarch64": cls.ARM64,
+            "arm64": cls.ARM64,
+            "ppc64le": cls.PPC64LE,
+            "riscv64": cls.RISCV64,
+            "s390x": cls.S390X,
+        }
+        try:
+            return mapping[arch]
+        except KeyError as ex:
+            msg = f"Unsupported platform architecture: {arch}"
+            raise OSError(msg) from ex
+
 
 @dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
 class OCIContainerEngineConfig:
@@ -152,11 +174,19 @@ class OCIContainer:
     back to cibuildwheel.
 
     Example:
+        >>> # xdoctest: +REQUIRES(LINUX)
         >>> from cibuildwheel.oci_container import *  # NOQA
         >>> from cibuildwheel.options import _get_pinned_container_images
+        >>> import pytest
+        >>> try:
+        ...     oci_platform = OCIPlatform.native()
+        ... except OSError as ex:
+        ...     pytest.skip(str(ex))
+        >>> if oci_platform != OCIPlatform.AMD64:
+        ...     pytest.skip('only runs on amd64')
         >>> image = _get_pinned_container_images()['x86_64']['manylinux2014']
         >>> # Test the default container
-        >>> with OCIContainer(image=image) as self:
+        >>> with OCIContainer(image=image, oci_platform=oci_platform) as self:
         ...     self.call(["echo", "hello world"])
         ...     self.call(["cat", "/proc/1/cgroup"])
         ...     print(self.get_environment())

cibuildwheel/options.py

@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ class CommandLineArguments:
     allow_empty: bool
     debug_traceback: bool
     enable: list[str]
+    clean_cache: bool
 
     @classmethod
     def defaults(cls) -> Self:
@@ -77,6 +78,7 @@ class CommandLineArguments:
             print_build_identifiers=False,
             debug_traceback=False,
             enable=[],
+            clean_cache=False,
         )
 
 
@@ -391,6 +393,7 @@ class OptionsReader:
     by the platform.
 
     Example:
+      >>> # xdoctest: +SKIP
       >>> options_reader = OptionsReader(config_file, platform='macos')
       >>> options_reader.get('cool-color')
 
@@ -657,7 +660,9 @@ class Options:
         )
         requires_python = None if requires_python_str is None else SpecifierSet(requires_python_str)
 
-        archs_config_str = args.archs or self.reader.get("archs", option_format=ListFormat(sep=" "))
+        archs_config_str = args.archs or self.reader.get(
+            "archs", option_format=ListFormat(sep=" "), ignore_empty=True
+        )
         architectures = Architecture.parse_config(archs_config_str, platform=self.platform)
 
         # Process `--only`
@@ -665,7 +670,7 @@ class Options:
             build_config = args.only
             skip_config = ""
             architectures = Architecture.all_archs(self.platform)
-            enable = set(EnableGroup)
+            enable |= EnableGroup.all_groups()
 
         build_selector = BuildSelector(
             build_config=build_config,

cibuildwheel/platforms/android.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import re
 import shlex
 import shutil
 import subprocess
+import sys
 from collections.abc import Iterable, Iterator
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from os.path import relpath
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ from elftools.common.exceptions import ELFError
 from elftools.elf.elffile import ELFFile
 from filelock import FileLock
 
-from .. import errors, platforms
+from .. import errors, platforms  # pylint: disable=cyclic-import
 from ..architecture import Architecture, arch_synonym
 from ..frontend import get_build_frontend_extra_flags, parse_config_settings
 from ..logger import log
@@ -277,7 +278,7 @@ def create_cmake_toolchain(
                 set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER)
                 set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY ONLY)
                 set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE ONLY)
-                set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PACKAGE ONLY)
+                set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PACKAGE BOTH)
                 """
             ),
             file=toolchain_file,
@@ -517,7 +518,7 @@ def repair_default(
                 f"${{ORIGIN}}/{relpath(libs_dir, path.parent)}",
                 path,
             )
-        call("wheel", "pack", unpacked_dir, "-d", repaired_wheel_dir)
+        call(sys.executable, "-m", "wheel", "pack", unpacked_dir, "-d", repaired_wheel_dir)
 
 
 def elf_file_filter(paths: Iterable[Path]) -> Iterator[tuple[Path, ELFFile]]:

cibuildwheel/platforms/pyodide.py

@@ -284,9 +284,8 @@ def setup_python(
         "pip",
         "install",
         "--upgrade",
-        "auditwheel-emscripten",
-        "build[virtualenv]",
         "pyodide-build",
+        "build[virtualenv]",
         *constraint_flags(constraints_path),
         env=env,
     )

cibuildwheel/resources/build-platforms.toml

@@ -159,18 +159,18 @@ python_configurations = [
   { identifier = "cp312-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.10/python-3.12.10-macos11.pkg" },
   { identifier = "cp312-macosx_arm64", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.10/python-3.12.10-macos11.pkg" },
   { identifier = "cp312-macosx_universal2", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.10/python-3.12.10-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.5/python-3.13.5-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-macosx_arm64", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.5/python-3.13.5-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-macosx_universal2", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.5/python-3.13.5-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.5/python-3.13.5-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-macosx_arm64", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.5/python-3.13.5-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-macosx_universal2", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.5/python-3.13.5-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.0/python-3.14.0rc1-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-macosx_arm64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.0/python-3.14.0rc1-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-macosx_universal2", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.0/python-3.14.0rc1-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.0/python-3.14.0rc1-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-macosx_arm64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.0/python-3.14.0rc1-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-macosx_universal2", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.0/python-3.14.0rc1-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.7/python-3.13.7-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-macosx_arm64", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.7/python-3.13.7-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-macosx_universal2", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.7/python-3.13.7-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp313t-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.7/python-3.13.7-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp313t-macosx_arm64", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.7/python-3.13.7-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp313t-macosx_universal2", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.7/python-3.13.7-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp314-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.0/python-3.14.0rc2-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp314-macosx_arm64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.0/python-3.14.0rc2-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp314-macosx_universal2", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.0/python-3.14.0rc2-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp314t-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.0/python-3.14.0rc2-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp314t-macosx_arm64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.0/python-3.14.0rc2-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp314t-macosx_universal2", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.0/python-3.14.0rc2-macos11.pkg" },
   { identifier = "pp38-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.8", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.8-v7.3.11-macos_x86_64.tar.bz2" },
   { identifier = "pp38-macosx_arm64", version = "3.8", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.8-v7.3.11-macos_arm64.tar.bz2" },
   { identifier = "pp39-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.9", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.9-v7.3.16-macos_x86_64.tar.bz2" },
@@ -195,22 +195,22 @@ python_configurations = [
   { identifier = "cp311-win_amd64", version = "3.11.9", arch = "64" },
   { identifier = "cp312-win32", version = "3.12.10", arch = "32" },
   { identifier = "cp312-win_amd64", version = "3.12.10", arch = "64" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-win32", version = "3.13.5", arch = "32" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-win32", version = "3.13.5", arch = "32" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-win_amd64", version = "3.13.5", arch = "64" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-win_amd64", version = "3.13.5", arch = "64" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-win32", version = "3.14.0-rc1", arch = "32" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-win32", version = "3.14.0-rc1", arch = "32" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-win_amd64", version = "3.14.0-rc1", arch = "64" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-win_amd64", version = "3.14.0-rc1", arch = "64" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-win32", version = "3.13.7", arch = "32" },
+  { identifier = "cp313t-win32", version = "3.13.7", arch = "32" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-win_amd64", version = "3.13.7", arch = "64" },
+  { identifier = "cp313t-win_amd64", version = "3.13.7", arch = "64" },
+  { identifier = "cp314-win32", version = "3.14.0-rc2", arch = "32" },
+  { identifier = "cp314t-win32", version = "3.14.0-rc2", arch = "32" },
+  { identifier = "cp314-win_amd64", version = "3.14.0-rc2", arch = "64" },
+  { identifier = "cp314t-win_amd64", version = "3.14.0-rc2", arch = "64" },
   { identifier = "cp39-win_arm64", version = "3.9.10", arch = "ARM64" },
   { identifier = "cp310-win_arm64", version = "3.10.11", arch = "ARM64" },
   { identifier = "cp311-win_arm64", version = "3.11.9", arch = "ARM64" },
   { identifier = "cp312-win_arm64", version = "3.12.10", arch = "ARM64" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-win_arm64", version = "3.13.5", arch = "ARM64" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-win_arm64", version = "3.13.5", arch = "ARM64" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-win_arm64", version = "3.14.0-rc1", arch = "ARM64" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-win_arm64", version = "3.14.0-rc1", arch = "ARM64" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-win_arm64", version = "3.13.7", arch = "ARM64" },
+  { identifier = "cp313t-win_arm64", version = "3.13.7", arch = "ARM64" },
+  { identifier = "cp314-win_arm64", version = "3.14.0-rc2", arch = "ARM64" },
+  { identifier = "cp314t-win_arm64", version = "3.14.0-rc2", arch = "ARM64" },
   { identifier = "pp38-win_amd64", version = "3.8", arch = "64", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.8-v7.3.11-win64.zip" },
   { identifier = "pp39-win_amd64", version = "3.9", arch = "64", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.9-v7.3.16-win64.zip" },
   { identifier = "pp310-win_amd64", version = "3.10", arch = "64", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.10-v7.3.19-win64.zip" },
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ python_configurations = [
 [pyodide]
 python_configurations = [
   { identifier = "cp312-pyodide_wasm32", version = "3.12", default_pyodide_version = "0.27.7", node_version = "v22" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-pyodide_wasm32", version = "3.13", default_pyodide_version = "0.28.0", node_version = "v22" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-pyodide_wasm32", version = "3.13", default_pyodide_version = "0.28.2", node_version = "v22" },
 ]
 
 [android]
@@ -232,10 +232,10 @@ python_configurations = [
 
 [ios]
 python_configurations = [
-  { identifier = "cp313-ios_arm64_iphoneos", version = "3.13", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.13-b9/Python-3.13-iOS-support.b9.tar.gz" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-ios_x86_64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.13", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.13-b9/Python-3.13-iOS-support.b9.tar.gz" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-ios_arm64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.13", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.13-b9/Python-3.13-iOS-support.b9.tar.gz" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-ios_arm64_iphoneos", version = "3.14", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.14-b5/Python-3.14-iOS-support.b5.tar.gz" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-ios_x86_64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.14", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.14-b5/Python-3.14-iOS-support.b5.tar.gz" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-ios_arm64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.14", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.14-b5/Python-3.14-iOS-support.b5.tar.gz" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-ios_arm64_iphoneos", version = "3.13", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.13-b10/Python-3.13-iOS-support.b10.tar.gz" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-ios_x86_64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.13", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.13-b10/Python-3.13-iOS-support.b10.tar.gz" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-ios_arm64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.13", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.13-b10/Python-3.13-iOS-support.b10.tar.gz" },
+  { identifier = "cp314-ios_arm64_iphoneos", version = "3.14", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.14-b6/Python-3.14-iOS-support.b6.tar.gz" },
+  { identifier = "cp314-ios_x86_64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.14", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.14-b6/Python-3.14-iOS-support.b6.tar.gz" },
+  { identifier = "cp314-ios_arm64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.14", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.14-b6/Python-3.14-iOS-support.b6.tar.gz" },
 ]

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-pyodide312.txt

@@ -2,20 +2,20 @@
 #    nox -s update_constraints
 annotated-types==0.7.0
     # via pydantic
-anyio==4.9.0
+anyio==4.10.0
     # via httpx
-auditwheel-emscripten==0.1.0
+auditwheel-emscripten==0.2.0
     # via pyodide-build
 build==1.2.2.post1
     # via
     #   -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
     #   pyodide-build
-certifi==2025.7.14
+certifi==2025.8.3
     # via
     #   httpcore
     #   httpx
     #   requests
-charset-normalizer==3.4.2
+charset-normalizer==3.4.3
     # via requests
 click==8.1.8
     # via
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ click==8.1.8
     #   typer
 distlib==0.4.0
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.18.0
+filelock==3.19.1
     # via virtualenv
 h11==0.16.0
     # via httpcore
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ idna==3.10
     #   requests
 leb128==1.0.8
     # via auditwheel-emscripten
-markdown-it-py==3.0.0
+markdown-it-py==4.0.0
     # via rich
 mdurl==0.1.2
     # via markdown-it-py
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ packaging==25.0
     #   build
     #   pyodide-build
     #   unearth
-pip==25.1.1
+pip==25.2
     # via -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
 platformdirs==4.3.8
     # via
@@ -62,13 +62,13 @@ pydantic-core==2.33.2
     # via pydantic
 pygments==2.19.2
     # via rich
-pyodide-build==0.30.5
+pyodide-build==0.30.7
     # via -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
 pyodide-cli==0.3.0
     # via
     #   auditwheel-emscripten
     #   pyodide-build
-pyodide-lock==0.1.0a7
+pyodide-lock==0.1.0
     # via pyodide-build
 pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ requests==2.32.4
     # via pyodide-build
 resolvelib==1.2.0
     # via pyodide-build
-rich==14.0.0
+rich==14.1.0
     # via
     #   pyodide-build
     #   pyodide-cli
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ unearth==0.17.5
     # via pyodide-build
 urllib3==2.5.0
     # via requests
-virtualenv==20.32.0
+virtualenv==20.34.0
     # via
     #   build
     #   pyodide-build

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-pyodide313.txt

@@ -2,20 +2,20 @@
 #    nox -s update_constraints
 annotated-types==0.7.0
     # via pydantic
-anyio==4.9.0
+anyio==4.10.0
     # via httpx
-auditwheel-emscripten==0.1.0
+auditwheel-emscripten==0.2.0
     # via pyodide-build
 build==1.2.2.post1
     # via
     #   -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
     #   pyodide-build
-certifi==2025.7.14
+certifi==2025.8.3
     # via
     #   httpcore
     #   httpx
     #   requests
-charset-normalizer==3.4.2
+charset-normalizer==3.4.3
     # via requests
 click==8.1.8
     # via
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ click==8.1.8
     #   typer
 distlib==0.4.0
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.18.0
+filelock==3.19.1
     # via virtualenv
 h11==0.16.0
     # via httpcore
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ idna==3.10
     #   requests
 leb128==1.0.8
     # via auditwheel-emscripten
-markdown-it-py==3.0.0
+markdown-it-py==4.0.0
     # via rich
 mdurl==0.1.2
     # via markdown-it-py
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ packaging==25.0
     #   build
     #   pyodide-build
     #   unearth
-pip==25.1.1
+pip==25.2
     # via -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
 platformdirs==4.3.8
     # via
@@ -62,13 +62,13 @@ pydantic-core==2.33.2
     # via pydantic
 pygments==2.19.2
     # via rich
-pyodide-build==0.30.5
+pyodide-build==0.30.7
     # via -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
 pyodide-cli==0.3.0
     # via
     #   auditwheel-emscripten
     #   pyodide-build
-pyodide-lock==0.1.0a7
+pyodide-lock==0.1.0
     # via pyodide-build
 pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ requests==2.32.4
     # via pyodide-build
 resolvelib==1.2.0
     # via pyodide-build
-rich==14.0.0
+rich==14.1.0
     # via
     #   pyodide-build
     #   pyodide-cli
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ unearth==0.17.5
     # via pyodide-build
 urllib3==2.5.0
     # via requests
-virtualenv==20.32.0
+virtualenv==20.34.0
     # via
     #   build
     #   pyodide-build

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python310.txt

@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@
 #    nox -s update_constraints
 altgraph==0.17.4
     # via macholib
-build==1.2.2.post1
+build==1.3.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 delocate==0.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 distlib==0.4.0
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.18.0
+filelock==3.19.1
     # via virtualenv
 importlib-metadata==8.7.0
     # via build
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ packaging==25.0
     # via
     #   build
     #   delocate
-pip==25.1.1
+pip==25.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 platformdirs==4.3.8
     # via virtualenv
@@ -27,8 +27,10 @@ pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
 tomli==2.2.1
     # via build
 typing-extensions==4.14.1
-    # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.32.0
+    # via
+    #   delocate
+    #   virtualenv
+virtualenv==20.34.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 zipp==3.23.0
     # via importlib-metadata

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python311.txt

@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@
 #    nox -s update_constraints
 altgraph==0.17.4
     # via macholib
-build==1.2.2.post1
+build==1.3.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 delocate==0.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 distlib==0.4.0
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.18.0
+filelock==3.19.1
     # via virtualenv
 macholib==1.16.3
     # via delocate
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ packaging==25.0
     # via
     #   build
     #   delocate
-pip==25.1.1
+pip==25.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 platformdirs==4.3.8
     # via virtualenv
@@ -24,5 +24,5 @@ pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
 typing-extensions==4.14.1
     # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.32.0
+virtualenv==20.34.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python312.txt

@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@
 #    nox -s update_constraints
 altgraph==0.17.4
     # via macholib
-build==1.2.2.post1
+build==1.3.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 delocate==0.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 distlib==0.4.0
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.18.0
+filelock==3.19.1
     # via virtualenv
 macholib==1.16.3
     # via delocate
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ packaging==25.0
     # via
     #   build
     #   delocate
-pip==25.1.1
+pip==25.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 platformdirs==4.3.8
     # via virtualenv
@@ -24,5 +24,5 @@ pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
 typing-extensions==4.14.1
     # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.32.0
+virtualenv==20.34.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python313.txt

@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@
 #    nox -s update_constraints
 altgraph==0.17.4
     # via macholib
-build==1.2.2.post1
+build==1.3.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 delocate==0.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 distlib==0.4.0
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.18.0
+filelock==3.19.1
     # via virtualenv
 macholib==1.16.3
     # via delocate
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ packaging==25.0
     # via
     #   build
     #   delocate
-pip==25.1.1
+pip==25.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 platformdirs==4.3.8
     # via virtualenv
@@ -24,5 +24,5 @@ pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
 typing-extensions==4.14.1
     # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.32.0
+virtualenv==20.34.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python314.txt

@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@
 #    nox -s update_constraints
 altgraph==0.17.4
     # via macholib
-build==1.2.2.post1
+build==1.3.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 delocate==0.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 distlib==0.4.0
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.18.0
+filelock==3.19.1
     # via virtualenv
 macholib==1.16.3
     # via delocate
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ packaging==25.0
     # via
     #   build
     #   delocate
-pip==25.1.1
+pip==25.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 platformdirs==4.3.8
     # via virtualenv
@@ -24,5 +24,5 @@ pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
 typing-extensions==4.14.1
     # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.32.0
+virtualenv==20.34.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python38.txt

@@ -27,8 +27,10 @@ pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
 tomli==2.2.1
     # via build
 typing-extensions==4.13.2
-    # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.32.0
+    # via
+    #   delocate
+    #   virtualenv
+virtualenv==20.34.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 zipp==3.20.2
     # via importlib-metadata

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python39.txt

@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@
 #    nox -s update_constraints
 altgraph==0.17.4
     # via macholib
-build==1.2.2.post1
+build==1.3.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 delocate==0.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 distlib==0.4.0
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.18.0
+filelock==3.19.1
     # via virtualenv
 importlib-metadata==8.7.0
     # via build
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ packaging==25.0
     # via
     #   build
     #   delocate
-pip==25.1.1
+pip==25.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 platformdirs==4.3.8
     # via virtualenv
@@ -27,8 +27,10 @@ pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
 tomli==2.2.1
     # via build
 typing-extensions==4.14.1
-    # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.32.0
+    # via
+    #   delocate
+    #   virtualenv
+virtualenv==20.34.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 zipp==3.23.0
     # via importlib-metadata

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.txt

@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@
 #    nox -s update_constraints
 altgraph==0.17.4
     # via macholib
-build==1.2.2.post1
+build==1.3.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 delocate==0.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 distlib==0.4.0
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.18.0
+filelock==3.19.1
     # via virtualenv
 macholib==1.16.3
     # via delocate
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ packaging==25.0
     # via
     #   build
     #   delocate
-pip==25.1.1
+pip==25.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 platformdirs==4.3.8
     # via virtualenv
@@ -24,5 +24,5 @@ pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
 typing-extensions==4.14.1
     # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.32.0
+virtualenv==20.34.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/nodejs.toml

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 url = "https://nodejs.org/dist/"
-v22 = "v22.17.1"
+v22 = "v22.18.0"
 v20 = "v20.19.4"

cibuildwheel/resources/pinned_docker_images.cfg

@@ -1,53 +1,53 @@
 [x86_64]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2025.07.23-1
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:2025.07.23-1
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_x86_64:2025.07.23-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_x86_64:2025.07.23-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2025.08.15-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:2025.08.15-1
+manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_x86_64:2025.08.15-1
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_x86_64:2025.08.15-1
 
 [i686]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2025.07.23-1
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_i686:2025.07.23-1
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_i686:2025.07.23-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_i686:2025.07.23-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2025.08.15-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_i686:2025.08.15-1
+manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_i686:2025.08.15-1
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_i686:2025.08.15-1
 
 [aarch64]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2025.07.23-1
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64:2025.07.23-1
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_aarch64:2025.07.23-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_aarch64:2025.07.23-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2025.08.15-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64:2025.08.15-1
+manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_aarch64:2025.08.15-1
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_aarch64:2025.08.15-1
 
 [ppc64le]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_ppc64le:2025.07.23-1
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_ppc64le:2025.07.23-1
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_ppc64le:2025.07.23-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_ppc64le:2025.07.23-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_ppc64le:2025.08.15-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_ppc64le:2025.08.15-1
+manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_ppc64le:2025.08.15-1
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_ppc64le:2025.08.15-1
 
 [s390x]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_s390x:2025.07.23-1
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_s390x:2025.07.23-1
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_s390x:2025.07.23-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_s390x:2025.07.23-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_s390x:2025.08.15-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_s390x:2025.08.15-1
+manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_s390x:2025.08.15-1
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_s390x:2025.08.15-1
 
 [pypy_x86_64]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2025.07.23-1
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:2025.07.23-1
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_x86_64:2025.07.23-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2025.08.15-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:2025.08.15-1
+manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_x86_64:2025.08.15-1
 
 [pypy_i686]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2025.07.23-1
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_i686:2025.07.23-1
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_i686:2025.07.23-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2025.08.15-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_i686:2025.08.15-1
+manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_i686:2025.08.15-1
 
 [pypy_aarch64]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2025.07.23-1
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64:2025.07.23-1
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_aarch64:2025.07.23-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2025.08.15-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64:2025.08.15-1
+manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_aarch64:2025.08.15-1
 
 [armv7l]
-manylinux_2_31 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_31_armv7l:2025.07.23-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_armv7l:2025.07.23-1
+manylinux_2_31 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_31_armv7l:2025.08.15-1
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_armv7l:2025.08.15-1
 
 [riscv64]
-manylinux_2_39 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_39_riscv64:2025.07.23-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_riscv64:2025.07.23-1
+manylinux_2_39 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_39_riscv64:2025.08.15-1
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_riscv64:2025.08.15-1
 

cibuildwheel/resources/python-build-standalone-releases.json

@@ -1,455 +1,455 @@
 {
   "releases": [
     {
-      "tag": "20250712",
+      "tag": "20250814",
       "assets": [
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250712-aarch64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250712-aarch64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250814-aarch64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250814-aarch64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250712-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250712-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250814-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250814-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250712-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabi-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250712-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabi-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250814-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabi-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250814-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabi-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250712-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250712-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250814-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250814-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250712-i686-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250712-i686-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250814-i686-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250814-i686-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250712-ppc64le-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250712-ppc64le-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250814-ppc64le-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250814-ppc64le-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250712-riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250712-riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250814-riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250814-riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250712-s390x-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250712-s390x-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250814-s390x-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250814-s390x-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250712-x86_64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250712-x86_64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250814-x86_64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250814-x86_64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250712-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250712-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250814-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250814-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250712-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250712-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250814-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250814-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250712-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250712-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250814-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250814-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250712-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250712-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250814-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250814-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250712-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250712-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250814-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.10.18%2B20250814-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.18+20250712-x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
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+          "name": "cpython-3.14.0rc2+20250814-s390x-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.14.0rc2%2B20250814-s390x-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
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-          "name": "cpython-3.14.0b4+20250712-x86_64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.14.0b4%2B20250712-x86_64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.14.0rc2+20250814-x86_64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.14.0rc2%2B20250814-x86_64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz"
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-          "name": "cpython-3.14.0b4+20250712-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.14.0b4%2B20250712-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.14.0rc2+20250814-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.14.0rc2%2B20250814-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.14.0b4%2B20250712-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.14.0rc2+20250814-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.14.0rc2%2B20250814-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.14.0b4%2B20250712-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.14.0rc2+20250814-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.14.0rc2%2B20250814-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.14.0b4%2B20250712-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.14.0rc2+20250814-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.14.0rc2%2B20250814-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.14.0b4+20250712-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.14.0b4%2B20250712-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.14.0rc2+20250814-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.14.0rc2%2B20250814-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.14.0b4+20250712-x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.14.0b4%2B20250712-x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.14.0rc2+20250814-x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.14.0rc2%2B20250814-x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.14.0b4+20250712-x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.14.0b4%2B20250712-x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.14.0rc2+20250814-x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.14.0rc2%2B20250814-x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.14.0b4%2B20250712-x86_64_v4-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.14.0rc2+20250814-x86_64_v4-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.14.0rc2%2B20250814-x86_64_v4-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.14.0b4%2B20250712-x86_64_v4-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.14.0rc2+20250814-x86_64_v4-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.14.0rc2%2B20250814-x86_64_v4-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250712-aarch64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250712-aarch64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250814-aarch64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250814-aarch64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250712-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250712-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250814-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250814-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250712-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabi-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250712-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabi-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250814-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabi-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250814-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabi-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250712-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250712-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250814-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250814-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250712-i686-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250712-i686-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250814-i686-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250814-i686-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
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-          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250712-ppc64le-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250712-ppc64le-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250814-ppc64le-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250814-ppc64le-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250712-riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250712-riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250814-riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250814-riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250712-s390x-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250712-s390x-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250814-s390x-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250814-s390x-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250712-x86_64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250712-x86_64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250814-x86_64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250814-x86_64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250712-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250712-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250814-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250814-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250712-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250712-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250814-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250814-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250712-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250712-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250814-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250814-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250712-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250712-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250814-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250814-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250712-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250712-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250814-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250814-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250712-x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250712-x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250814-x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250814-x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250712-x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250712-x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250814-x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250814-x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250712-x86_64_v4-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250712-x86_64_v4-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250814-x86_64_v4-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250814-x86_64_v4-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
         },
         {
-          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250712-x86_64_v4-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250712/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250712-x86_64_v4-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
+          "name": "cpython-3.9.23+20250814-x86_64_v4-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
+          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20250814/cpython-3.9.23%2B20250814-x86_64_v4-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
         }
       ]
     }

cibuildwheel/resources/virtualenv.toml

@@ -1 +1 @@
-default = { version = "20.32.0", url = "https://github.com/pypa/get-virtualenv/blob/20.32.0/public/virtualenv.pyz?raw=true" }
+default = { version = "20.34.0", url = "https://github.com/pypa/get-virtualenv/releases/download/20.34.0/virtualenv.pyz" }

cibuildwheel/selector.py

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class EnableGroup(StrEnum):
 
     @classmethod
     def all_groups(cls) -> frozenset["EnableGroup"]:
-        return frozenset(cls)
+        return frozenset(set(cls) - {cls.CPythonExperimentalRiscV64})
 
     @classmethod
     def parse_option_value(cls, value: str) -> frozenset["EnableGroup"]:
@@ -93,10 +93,6 @@ class BuildSelector:
             return False
         if EnableGroup.PyPyEoL not in self.enable and fnmatch(build_id, "pp3?-*"):
             return False
-        if EnableGroup.CPythonExperimentalRiscV64 not in self.enable and fnmatch(
-            build_id, "*_riscv64"
-        ):
-            return False
         if EnableGroup.GraalPy not in self.enable and fnmatch(build_id, "gp*"):
             return False
         # TODO: Re-enable this when we have Pyodide prereleases again (e.g., 0.29.0a1+)

cibuildwheel/util/file.py

@@ -20,6 +20,26 @@ CIBW_CACHE_PATH: Final[Path] = Path(
 ).resolve()
 
 
+def ensure_cache_sentinel(cache_path: Path) -> None:
+    """Create a sentinel file to mark a cibuildwheel cache directory.
+
+    We help prevent accidental deletion of non-cache directories with this.
+
+    Args:
+        cache_path: The cache directory path where the sentinel should be created
+    """
+    if cache_path.exists():
+        sentinel_file = cache_path / "CACHEDIR.TAG"
+        if not sentinel_file.exists():
+            sentinel_file.write_text(
+                "Signature: 8a477f597d28d172789f06886806bc55\n"
+                "# This file is a cache directory tag created by cibuildwheel.\n"
+                "# For information about cache directory tags, see:\n"
+                "# https://www.brynosaurus.com/cachedir/",
+                encoding="utf-8",
+            )
+
+
 def download(url: str, dest: Path) -> None:
     print(f"+ Download {url} to {dest}")
     dest_dir = dest.parent

cibuildwheel/util/helpers.py

@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ def format_safe(template: str, **kwargs: str | os.PathLike[str]) -> str:
     >>> format_safe('{a} {b[4]:3f}', a='123')
     '123 {b[4]:3f}'
 
-    To avoid variable expansion, precede with a single backslash e.g.
-    >>> format_safe('\\{a} {b}', a='123')
+    To avoid variable expansion, precede with a single hash e.g.
+    >>> format_safe('#{a} {b}', a='123')
     '{a} {b}'
     """
 

cibuildwheel/venv.py

@@ -143,6 +143,8 @@ def virtualenv(
     venv_env["VIRTUAL_ENV"] = str(venv_path)
     if not use_uv and pip_version == "embed":
         call(
+            "python",
+            "-m",
             "pip",
             "install",
             "--upgrade",

docs/changelog.md

@@ -4,6 +4,55 @@ title: Changelog
 
 # Changelog
 
+### v3.1.4
+
+_19 August 2025_
+
+- ✨ Add a `--clean-cache` command to clean up our cache (#2489)
+- 🛠 Update Python to 3.14rc2 and other patch version bumps (#2542, #2556)
+- 🛠 Update Pyodide to 0.28.2 (#2562, #2558)
+- 🐛 Fix resolution with `pyodide-build` when `dependency-versions` is set (#2548)
+- 🐛 Set `CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PACKAGE` to `BOTH` on Android (#2547)
+- 🐛 Add `patchelf` dependency for platforms that can build Android wheels (#2552)
+- 🐛 Ignore empty values for `CIBW_ARCHS` like most other environment variables (#2541)
+- 💼 The `color` and `suggest_on_error` argparse options are now default in 3.14rc1+ (#2554)
+- 💼 Use the virtualenv release URL instead of blob URL (should be more robust) (#2555)
+- 🧪 For iOS, lowering to macos-14 is needed for now due to issues with GitHub's runner images (#2557)
+- 🧪 Split out platforms iOS and Android in our tests (#2519)
+- 🧪 Fix and enable doctests (#2546)
+- 📚 Improve our docs on free-threading (#2549)
+
+
+### v3.1.3
+
+_1 August 2025_
+
+- 🐛 Fix bug where "latest" dependencies couldn't update to pip 25.2 on Windows (#2537)
+- 🧪 Use pytest-rerunfailures to improve some of our iOS/Android tests (#2527, #2539)
+- 🧪 Remove some GraalPy Windows workarounds in our tests (#2501)
+
+
+### v3.1.2
+
+_29 July 2025_
+
+- ⚠️  Add an error if `CIBW_FREE_THREADING_SUPPORT` is set; you are likely missing 3.13t wheels, please use the `enable`/`CIBW_ENABLE` (#2520)
+- 🛠 `riscv64` now enabled if you target that architecture, it's now supported on PyPI (#2509)
+- 🛠 Add warning when using `cpython-experimental-riscv64` (no longer needed) (#2526, #2528)
+- 🛠 iOS versions bumped, fixing issues with 3.14 (now RC 1) (#2530)
+- 🐛 Fix bug in Android running wheel from our GitHub Action (#2517)
+- 🐛 Fix warning when using `test-skip` of `"*-macosx_universal2:arm64"` (#2522)
+- 🐛 Fix incorrect number of wheels reported in logs, again (#2517)
+- 📚 We welcome our Android platform maintainer (#2516)
+
+
+### v3.1.1
+
+_24 July 2025_
+
+- 🐛 Fix a bug showing an incorrect wheel count at the end of execution, and misrepresenting test-only runs in the GitHub Action summary (#2512)
+- 📚 Docs fix (#2510)
+
 ### v3.1.0
 
 _23 July 2025_
@@ -18,7 +67,7 @@ _23 July 2025_
 - 🛠 Fixed a typo in the 3.9 MUSL riscv64 identifier (`cp39-musllinux_ricv64` -> `cp39-musllinux_riscv64`) (#2490)
 - 🛠 Mistyping `--only` now shows the correct possibilities, and even suggests near matches on Python 3.14+ (#2499)
 - 🛠 Only support one output from the repair step on linux like other platforms; auditwheel fixed this over four years ago! (#2478)
-- 🛠 We now use pattern matching extensively (#2434)
+- 💼 We now use pattern matching extensively (#2434)
 - 📚 We now have platform maintainers for our special platforms and interpreters! (#2481)
 
 

docs/configuration.md

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ cibuildwheel to run tests, add the following YAML to your CI config file:
 You can configure cibuildwheel with a config file, such as `pyproject.toml`.
 Options have the same names as the environment variable overrides, but are
 placed in `[tool.cibuildwheel]` and are lower case, with dashes, following
-common [TOML][https://toml.io] practice. Anything placed in subsections `linux`, `windows`,
+common [TOML](https://toml.io) practice. Anything placed in subsections `linux`, `windows`,
 `macos`, or `pyodide` will only affect those platforms. Lists can be used
 instead of strings for items that are naturally a list. Multiline strings also
 work just like in the environment variables. Environment variables will take

docs/data/projects.yml

@@ -664,3 +664,10 @@
   os: [apple, linux, windows]
   pypi: streaming-form-data
   notes: Streaming parser for multipart/form-data written in Cython
+
+- name: falcon
+  gh: falconry/falcon
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [apple, linux, windows]
+  pypi: falcon
+  notes: Falcon is a no-magic ASGI/WSGI API and microservices framework; it uses cibuildwheel for (optional) Cython extensions.

docs/deliver-to-pypi.md

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ GitHub actions has pipx in all the runners as a supported package manager, as we
     name: Make SDist
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0  # Optional, use if you use setuptools_scm
         submodules: true  # Optional, use if you have submodules
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ Then, you need to publish the artifacts that the previous jobs have built. This
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     if: github.event_name == 'release' && github.event.action == 'published'
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+    - uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
       with:
         pattern: cibw-*
         path: dist

docs/faq.md

@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ There are two suggested methods for keeping cibuildwheel up to date that instead
 If you use GitHub Actions for builds, you can use cibuildwheel as an action:
 
 ```yaml
-uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v3.1.0
+uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v3.1.4
 ```
 
 This is a composite step that just runs cibuildwheel using pipx. You can set command-line options as `with:` parameters, and use `env:` as normal.
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ The second option, and the only one that supports other CI systems, is using a `
 
 ```bash
 # requirements-cibw.txt
-cibuildwheel==3.1.0
+cibuildwheel==3.1.4
 ```
 
 Then your install step would have `python -m pip install -r requirements-cibw.txt` in it. Your `.github/dependabot.yml` file could look like this:
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ Solutions to this vary, but the simplest is to use pipx:
 # most runners have pipx preinstalled, but in case you don't
 python3 -m pip install pipx
 
-pipx run cibuildwheel==3.1.0 --output-dir wheelhouse
+pipx run cibuildwheel==3.1.4 --output-dir wheelhouse
 pipx run twine upload wheelhouse/*.whl
 ```
 

docs/options.md

@@ -71,11 +71,10 @@ The list of supported and currently selected build identifiers can also be retri
 The format is `python_tag-platform_tag`, with tags similar to those in [PEP 425](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0425/#details).
 
 Windows arm64 platform support is experimental.
-Linux riscv64 platform support is experimental and requires an explicit opt-in through [`enable`](#enable).
 
 See the [cibuildwheel 2 documentation](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/2.x/) for past end-of-life versions of Python.
 
-#### Examples
+#### Examples {: #build-skip-examples }
 
 !!! tab examples "pyproject.toml"
 
@@ -107,6 +106,12 @@ See the [cibuildwheel 2 documentation](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/2.x/) for
 
     # Disable building PyPy wheels on all platforms
     skip = "pp*"
+
+    # Disable free-threading builds on all platforms
+    skip = "cp3??t-*"
+
+    # Disable free-threading builds on Windows
+    skip = "cp3??t-win*"
     ```
 
 !!! tab examples "Environment variables"
@@ -138,12 +143,16 @@ See the [cibuildwheel 2 documentation](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/2.x/) for
 
     # Disable building PyPy wheels on all platforms
     CIBW_SKIP: pp*
+
+    # Disable free-threading builds on all platforms
+    CIBW_SKIP: "cp3??t-*"
+
+    # Disable free-threading builds on Windows
+    CIBW_SKIP: "cp3??t-win*"
     ```
 
     Separate multiple selectors with a space.
 
-
-
     It is generally recommended to set `CIBW_BUILD` as an environment variable, though `skip`
     tends to be useful in a config file; you can statically declare that you don't
     support a specific build, for example.
@@ -201,8 +210,6 @@ Options:
   to use [`build`](#build-skip) with this option to target specific
   architectures via build selectors.
 
-Linux riscv64 platform support is experimental and requires an explicit opt-in through [`enable`](#enable).
-
 Default: `auto`
 
 | Runner | `native` | `auto` | `auto64` | `auto32` |
@@ -347,18 +354,11 @@ values are:
 
 - `cpython-prerelease`: Enables beta versions of Pythons if any are available
   (May-July, approximately).
-- `cpython-freethreading`: [PEP 703](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0703)
-  introduced variants of CPython that can be built without the Global
-  Interpreter Lock (GIL).  Those variants are also known as free-threaded /
-  no-gil. This will enable building these wheels for 3.13, which was considered
-  experimental.  The build identifiers for those variants have a `t` suffix in
-  their `python_tag` (e.g. `cp313t-manylinux_x86_64`). Starting in 3.14,
-  free-threaded builds are no longer experimental, so this enable is not needed.
+- `cpython-freethreading`: Enable experimental free-threaded builds for CPython 3.13.
+  Free-threading wheels for 3.14+ are available without this flag, as it's [no
+  longer considered experimental](https://peps.python.org/pep-0779/).
 - `pypy`: Enable PyPy.
 - `pypy-eol`: Enable PyPy versions that have passed end of life (if still available).
-- `cpython-experimental-riscv64`: Enable experimental riscv64 builds. Those builds
-  are disabled by default as they can't be uploaded to PyPI and a PEP will most likely
-  be required before this can happen.
 - `graalpy`: Enable GraalPy.
 - `pyodide-prerelease`: Pyodide versions that haven't released yet, if one is
   available. Safe if you are shipping a site with an early build, not for
@@ -374,7 +374,15 @@ values are:
     that version of Python will become available without this flag.
 
 !!! note
-    Free threading was experimental in 3.13: [What’s New In Python 3.13](https://docs.python.org/3.13/whatsnew/3.13.html#free-threaded-cpython)
+    [PEP 703](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0703) introduced variants of
+    CPython that can be built without the Global Interpreter Lock (GIL). Those
+    variants are also known as free-threaded / no-gil. The build identifiers for
+    those variants have a `t` suffix in their `python_tag` (e.g.
+    `cp313t-manylinux_x86_64`).
+
+    Free threading was [experimental in 3.13](https://docs.python.org/3.13/whatsnew/3.13.html#free-threaded-cpython), so it required an explicit enable flag. But, as noted above, free-threading doesn't require an enable flag for 3.14+.
+
+    For more info on building for free-threading, see the [Python Free-Threading Guide](https://py-free-threading.github.io/).
 
 Default: empty.
 
@@ -398,13 +406,9 @@ without disabling your other enables.
 
     ```toml
     [tool.cibuildwheel]
-    # Enable free-threaded support
+    # Enable free-threaded support for CPython 3.13
     enable = ["cpython-freethreading"]
 
-    # Skip building free-threaded compatible wheels on Windows
-    enable = ["cpython-freethreading"]
-    skip = "*t-win*"
-
     # Include all PyPy versions
     enable = ["pypy", "pypy-eol"]
     ```
@@ -416,18 +420,14 @@ without disabling your other enables.
     # Include latest Python beta
     CIBW_ENABLE: cpython-prerelease
 
-    # Include free-threaded support
+    # Include free-threaded support for CPython 3.13
     CIBW_ENABLE: cpython-freethreading
 
     # Include both
     CIBW_ENABLE: cpython-prerelease cpython-freethreading
 
-    # Skip building free-threaded compatible wheels on Windows
-    CIBW_ENABLE: cpython-freethreading
-    CIBW_SKIP: *t-win*
-
     # Include all PyPy versions
-    CIBW_ENABLE = pypy pypy-eol
+    CIBW_ENABLE: pypy pypy-eol
     ```
 
 

docs/platforms.md

@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ iOS is effectively 2 platforms - physical devices, and simulators. While the API
 
 * `arm64_iphoneos` (for physical iOS devices);
 * `arm64_iphonesimulator` (for iOS simulators running on Apple Silicon macOS machines); and
-* `x64_64_iphonesimulator` (for iOS simulators running on Intel macOS machines).
+* `x86_64_iphonesimulator` (for iOS simulators running on Intel macOS machines).
 
 By default, cibuildwheel will build all wheels for the CPU architecture of the build machine. You can build all wheels for all architectures by specifying `--archs all`.
 

docs/setup.md

@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ cibuildwheel
 !!!tip
     You can pass the `--platform linux` option to cibuildwheel to build Linux wheels, even if you're not on Linux. On most machines, the easiest builds to try are the Linux builds. You don't need any software installed except a Docker daemon, such as [Docker Desktop](https://www.docker.com/get-started/). Each platform that cibuildwheel supports has its own system requirements and platform-specific behaviors. See the [platforms page](platforms.md) for details.
 
+    When building locally for macOS or iOS, regardless of the Python you use to invoke cibuildwheel, you'll need [official Python.org](https://www.python.org/downloads/) installations on your machine. `cibuildwheel` won't perform the build using unofficial Python installations such as from `brew` or `uv`.
+
 You should see the builds taking place. You can experiment with [options](options.md) using pyproject.toml or environment variables.
 
 !!! tab "pyproject.toml"

docs/working-examples.md

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ title: Working examples
 | Name                              | CI | OS | Notes |
 |-----------------------------------|----|----|:------|
 | [scikit-learn][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The machine learning library. A complex but clean config using many of cibuildwheel's features to build a large project with Cython and C++ extensions.  |
-| [pytorch-fairseq][]               | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Facebook AI Research Sequence-to-Sequence Toolkit written in Python. |
 | [duckdb][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | DuckDB is an analytical in-process SQL database management system |
+| [pytorch-fairseq][]               | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Facebook AI Research Sequence-to-Sequence Toolkit written in Python. |
 | [NumPy][]                         | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The fundamental package for scientific computing with Python. |
 | [Tornado][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] ![apple icon][] ![windows icon][] | Tornado is a Python web framework and asynchronous networking library. Uses stable ABI for a small C extension. |
 | [NCNN][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | ncnn is a high-performance neural network inference framework optimized for the mobile platform |
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ title: Working examples
 | [MemRay][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] | Memray is a memory profiler for Python |
 | [uvloop][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Ultra fast asyncio event loop. |
 | [psutil][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Cross-platform lib for process and system monitoring in Python |
+| [falcon][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Falcon is a no-magic ASGI/WSGI API and microservices framework; it uses cibuildwheel for (optional) Cython extensions. |
 | [Google Benchmark][]              | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | A microbenchmark support library |
 | [vaex][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Out-of-Core hybrid Apache Arrow/NumPy DataFrame for Python, ML, visualization and exploration of big tabular data at a billion rows per second 🚀 |
 | [Apache Beam][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Apache Beam is a unified programming model for Batch and Streaming data processing. |
@@ -40,8 +41,8 @@ title: Working examples
 | [OpenSpiel][]                     | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | OpenSpiel is a collection of environments and algorithms for research in general reinforcement learning and search/planning in games. |
 | [Dependency Injector][]           | ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Dependency injection framework for Python, uses Windows TravisCI |
 | [UltraJSON][]                     | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Ultra fast JSON decoder and encoder written in C with Python bindings |
-| [pyzmq][]                         | ![github icon][] ![circleci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python bindings for zeromq, the networking library. Uses Cython on CPython and CFFI on PyPy. ARM wheels for linux are built natively on CircleCI.  |
 | [CTranslate2][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Includes libraries from the [Intel oneAPI toolkit](https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/developer/tools/oneapi/base-toolkit.html) and CUDA kernels compiled for multiple GPU architectures. |
+| [pyzmq][]                         | ![github icon][] ![circleci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python bindings for zeromq, the networking library. Uses Cython on CPython and CFFI on PyPy. ARM wheels for linux are built natively on CircleCI.  |
 | [Implicit][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Includes GPU support for linux wheels |
 | [tinyobjloader][]                 | ![azurepipelines icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Tiny but powerful single file wavefront obj loader |
 | [vispy][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Main repository for Vispy |
@@ -64,8 +65,8 @@ title: Working examples
 | [PyTables][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A Python package to manage extremely large amounts of data |
 | [google neuroglancer][]           | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | WebGL-based viewer for volumetric data |
 | [Parselmouth][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A Python interface to the Praat software package, using pybind11, C++17 and CMake, with the core Praat static library built only once and shared between wheels. |
-| [DeepForest][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | An Efficient, Scalable and Optimized Python Framework for Deep Forest (2021.2.1) |
 | [AutoPy][]                        | ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Includes a Windows Travis build. |
+| [DeepForest][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | An Efficient, Scalable and Optimized Python Framework for Deep Forest (2021.2.1) |
 | [H3-py][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Python bindings for H3, a hierarchical hexagonal geospatial indexing system |
 | [time-machine][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Time mocking library using only the CPython C API. |
 | [mosec][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] ![apple icon][] | A machine learning model serving framework powered by Rust |
@@ -76,24 +77,24 @@ title: Working examples
 | [KDEpy][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Kernel Density Estimation in Python |
 | [dd-trace-py][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Uses custom alternate arch emulation on GitHub |
 | [tgcalls][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![windows icon][] | Python `pybind11` binding to Telegram's WebRTC library with third party dependencies like `OpenSSL`, `MozJPEG`, `FFmpeg`, etc. |
-| [python-rapidjson][]              | ![travisci icon][] ![gitlab icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python wrapper around rapidjson |
 | [pybind11 python_example][]       | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Example pybind11 module built with a Python-based build system |
+| [python-rapidjson][]              | ![travisci icon][] ![gitlab icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python wrapper around rapidjson |
 | [sourmash][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Quickly search, compare, and analyze genomic and metagenomic data sets. |
 | [abess][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A fast best-subset selection library. It uses cibuildwheel to build a large project with C++ extensions. |
 | [python-snappy][]                 | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Python bindings for the snappy google library |
 | [cyvcf2][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | cython + htslib == fast VCF and BCF processing |
 | [jq.py][]                         | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python bindings for jq |
 | [matrixprofile][]                 | ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A Python 3 library making time series data mining tasks, utilizing matrix profile algorithms, accessible to everyone. |
-| [Tokenizer][]                     | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Fast and customizable text tokenization library with BPE and SentencePiece support |
 | [Confluent client for Kafka][]    | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | setup in `tools/wheels/build-wheels.bat` |
+| [Tokenizer][]                     | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Fast and customizable text tokenization library with BPE and SentencePiece support |
 | [iminuit][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Jupyter-friendly Python interface for C++ MINUIT2 |
 | [pillow-heif][]                   | ![github icon][] ![cirrusci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Bindings to libheif library with third party dependencies. Fully automated CI for tests and publishing including Apple Silicon builds. |
 | [keyvi][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] ![apple icon][] | FST based key value index highly optimized for size and lookup performance, utilizes ccache action for improved runtime |
 | [PyGLM][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Fast OpenGL Mathematics (GLM) for Python |
 | [TgCrypto][]                      | ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Includes a Windows Travis build. |
 | [iDynTree][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] | Uses manylinux_2_24 |
-| [streaming-form-data][]           | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Streaming parser for multipart/form-data written in Cython |
 | [power-grid-model][]              | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python/C++ library for distribution power system analysis |
+| [streaming-form-data][]           | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Streaming parser for multipart/form-data written in Cython |
 | [pybase64][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Fast Base64 encoding/decoding in Python |
 | [bx-python][]                     | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A library that includes Cython extensions. |
 | [boost-histogram][]               | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Supports full range of wheels, including PyPy and alternate archs. |
@@ -119,8 +120,8 @@ title: Working examples
 | [pybind11 cross build example][]  | ![github icon][] ![gitlab icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Same as pybind11 cmake_example but used to demo Linux ARM + Windows + macOS builds on GitLab |
 
 [scikit-learn]: https://github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn
-[pytorch-fairseq]: https://github.com/facebookresearch/fairseq
 [duckdb]: https://github.com/duckdb/duckdb
+[pytorch-fairseq]: https://github.com/facebookresearch/fairseq
 [NumPy]: https://github.com/numpy/numpy
 [Tornado]: https://github.com/tornadoweb/tornado
 [NCNN]: https://github.com/Tencent/ncnn
@@ -132,6 +133,7 @@ title: Working examples
 [MemRay]: https://github.com/bloomberg/memray
 [uvloop]: https://github.com/MagicStack/uvloop
 [psutil]: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil
+[falcon]: https://github.com/falconry/falcon
 [Google Benchmark]: https://github.com/google/benchmark
 [vaex]: https://github.com/vaexio/vaex
 [Apache Beam]: https://github.com/apache/beam
@@ -150,8 +152,8 @@ title: Working examples
 [OpenSpiel]: https://github.com/google-deepmind/open_spiel
 [Dependency Injector]: https://github.com/ets-labs/python-dependency-injector
 [UltraJSON]: https://github.com/ultrajson/ultrajson
-[pyzmq]: https://github.com/zeromq/pyzmq
 [CTranslate2]: https://github.com/OpenNMT/CTranslate2
+[pyzmq]: https://github.com/zeromq/pyzmq
 [Implicit]: https://github.com/benfred/implicit
 [tinyobjloader]: https://github.com/tinyobjloader/tinyobjloader
 [vispy]: https://github.com/vispy/vispy
@@ -174,8 +176,8 @@ title: Working examples
 [PyTables]: https://github.com/PyTables/PyTables
 [google neuroglancer]: https://github.com/google/neuroglancer
 [Parselmouth]: https://github.com/YannickJadoul/Parselmouth
-[DeepForest]: https://github.com/LAMDA-NJU/Deep-Forest
 [AutoPy]: https://github.com/autopilot-rs/autopy
+[DeepForest]: https://github.com/LAMDA-NJU/Deep-Forest
 [H3-py]: https://github.com/uber/h3-py
 [time-machine]: https://github.com/adamchainz/time-machine
 [mosec]: https://github.com/mosecorg/mosec
@@ -186,24 +188,24 @@ title: Working examples
 [KDEpy]: https://github.com/tommyod/KDEpy
 [dd-trace-py]: https://github.com/DataDog/dd-trace-py
 [tgcalls]: https://github.com/MarshalX/tgcalls
-[python-rapidjson]: https://github.com/python-rapidjson/python-rapidjson
 [pybind11 python_example]: https://github.com/pybind/python_example
+[python-rapidjson]: https://github.com/python-rapidjson/python-rapidjson
 [sourmash]: https://github.com/sourmash-bio/sourmash
 [abess]: https://github.com/abess-team/abess
 [python-snappy]: https://github.com/intake/python-snappy
 [cyvcf2]: https://github.com/brentp/cyvcf2
 [jq.py]: https://github.com/mwilliamson/jq.py
 [matrixprofile]: https://github.com/matrix-profile-foundation/matrixprofile
-[Tokenizer]: https://github.com/OpenNMT/Tokenizer
 [Confluent client for Kafka]: https://github.com/confluentinc/confluent-kafka-python
+[Tokenizer]: https://github.com/OpenNMT/Tokenizer
 [iminuit]: https://github.com/scikit-hep/iminuit
 [pillow-heif]: https://github.com/bigcat88/pillow_heif
 [keyvi]: https://github.com/KeyviDev/keyvi
 [PyGLM]: https://github.com/Zuzu-Typ/PyGLM
 [TgCrypto]: https://github.com/pyrogram/tgcrypto
 [iDynTree]: https://github.com/robotology/idyntree
-[streaming-form-data]: https://github.com/siddhantgoel/streaming-form-data
 [power-grid-model]: https://github.com/PowerGridModel/power-grid-model
+[streaming-form-data]: https://github.com/siddhantgoel/streaming-form-data
 [pybase64]: https://github.com/mayeut/pybase64
 [bx-python]: https://github.com/bxlab/bx-python
 [boost-histogram]: https://github.com/scikit-hep/boost-histogram

examples/azure-pipelines-minimal.yml

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ jobs:
     - bash: |
         set -o errexit
         python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        pip3 install cibuildwheel==3.1.0
+        pip3 install cibuildwheel==3.1.4
       displayName: Install dependencies
     - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
       displayName: Build wheels
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
     - bash: |
         set -o errexit
         python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.0
+        python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.4
       displayName: Install dependencies
     - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
       displayName: Build wheels
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ jobs:
     - bash: |
         set -o errexit
         python -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.0
+        pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.4
       displayName: Install dependencies
     - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
       displayName: Build wheels

examples/circleci-minimal.yml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ jobs:
       - run:
           name: Build the Linux wheels.
           command: |
-            python3 -m pip install --user cibuildwheel==3.1.0
+            python3 -m pip install --user cibuildwheel==3.1.4
             cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       - store_artifacts:
           path: wheelhouse/
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ jobs:
       - run:
           name: Build the Linux aarch64 wheels.
           command: |
-            python3 -m pip install --user cibuildwheel==3.1.0
+            python3 -m pip install --user cibuildwheel==3.1.4
             python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       - store_artifacts:
           path: wheelhouse/
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ jobs:
           name: Build the OS X wheels.
           command: |
             sudo softwareupdate --install-rosetta --agree-to-license  # for python<=3.8 or x86_64/universal2 tests
-            pip3 install cibuildwheel==3.1.0
+            pip3 install cibuildwheel==3.1.4
             cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       - store_artifacts:
           path: wheelhouse/

examples/cirrus-ci-intel-mac.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 build_and_store_wheels: &BUILD_AND_STORE_WHEELS
   install_cibuildwheel_script:
-    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.0
+    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.4
   run_cibuildwheel_script:
     - cibuildwheel
   wheels_artifacts:

examples/cirrus-ci-minimal.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 build_and_store_wheels: &BUILD_AND_STORE_WHEELS
   install_cibuildwheel_script:
-    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.0
+    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.4
   run_cibuildwheel_script:
     - cibuildwheel
   wheels_artifacts:

examples/github-deploy.yml

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ jobs:
             platform: pyodide
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
 
       # GitHub Actions can't currently run the Android emulator on macOS.
       - name: Skip Android tests on macOS
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ jobs:
           sudo udevadm trigger --name-match=kvm
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v3.1.0
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v3.1.4
         env:
           CIBW_PLATFORM: ${{ matrix.platform || 'auto' }}
         # Can also be configured directly, using `with:`
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ jobs:
     name: Build source distribution
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
 
       - name: Build sdist
         run: pipx run build --sdist
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ jobs:
     # or, alternatively, upload to PyPI on every tag starting with 'v' (remove on: release above to use this)
     # if: github.event_name == 'push' && startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v')
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
         with:
           # unpacks all CIBW artifacts into dist/
           pattern: cibw-*

examples/github-minimal.yml

@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ jobs:
         os: [ubuntu-latest, ubuntu-24.04-arm, windows-latest, windows-11-arm, macos-13, macos-14]
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v3.1.0
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v3.1.4
         # env:
         #   CIBW_SOME_OPTION: value
         #   ...

examples/github-pipx.yml

@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ jobs:
         os: [ubuntu-latest, ubuntu-24.04-arm, windows-latest, windows-11-arm, macos-13, macos-14]
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        run: pipx run cibuildwheel==3.1.0
+        run: pipx run cibuildwheel==3.1.4
 
       - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:

examples/github-with-qemu.yml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ jobs:
         os: [ubuntu-latest, ubuntu-24.04-arm, windows-latest, windows-11-arm, macos-13, macos-14]
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
 
       - name: Set up QEMU
         if: runner.os == 'Linux' && runner.arch == 'X64'
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
           platforms: all
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v3.1.0
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v3.1.4
         env:
           # configure cibuildwheel on Linux to build native archs ('auto'),
           # and to split the remaining architectures between the x86_64 and

examples/gitlab-minimal.yml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ linux:
     DOCKER_TLS_CERTDIR: ""
   script:
     - curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh
-    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.0
+    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.4
     - cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
   artifacts:
     paths:
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ windows:
   before_script:
     - choco install python -y --allow-downgrade --version 3.12.4
     - choco install git.install -y
-    - py -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.0
+    - py -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.4
   script:
     - py -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse --platform windows
   artifacts:
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ windows:
 macos:
   image: macos-14-xcode-15
   before_script:
-    - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.0
+    - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.4
   script:
     - python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
   artifacts:

examples/gitlab-with-qemu.yml

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ linux:
     - curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh
     # Warning: This is extremely slow, be careful with how many wheels you build
     - docker run --rm --privileged multiarch/qemu-user-static --reset -p yes
-    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.0
+    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.4
     # Assuming your CI runner's default architecture is x86_64...
     - cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse --platform linux --archs aarch64
   artifacts:

examples/travis-ci-deploy.yml

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
         - ln -s /c/Python312/python.exe /c/Python312/python3.exe
 
 install:
-  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.0
+  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.4
 
 script:
   # build the wheels, put them into './dist'

examples/travis-ci-minimal.yml

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ jobs:
         - ln -s /c/Python312/python.exe /c/Python312/python3.exe
 
 install:
-  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.0
+  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.4
 
 script:
   # build the wheels, put them into './wheelhouse'

examples/travis-ci-test-and-deploy.yml

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ jobs:
     - stage: deploy
       name: Build and deploy Linux wheels
       services: docker
-      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.0 twine
+      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.4 twine
       script: python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       after_success: python3 -m twine upload --skip-existing wheelhouse/*.whl
     # Deploy on windows
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ jobs:
       name: Build and deploy Windows wheels
       os: windows
       language: shell
-      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.0 twine
+      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.1.4 twine
       script: python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       after_success: python3 -m twine upload --skip-existing wheelhouse/*.whl
 

noxfile.py

@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ def tests(session: nox.Session) -> None:
         session.run("pytest", *session.posargs)
     else:
         unit_test_args = ["--run-docker"] if sys.platform.startswith("linux") else []
+        session.run("pytest", "cibuildwheel")  # run doctests
         session.run("pytest", "unit_test", *unit_test_args)
         session.run("pytest", "test", "-x", "--durations", "0", "--timeout=2400", "test")
 

pyproject.toml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ build-backend = "hatchling.build"
 
 [project]
 name = "cibuildwheel"
-version = "3.1.0"
+version = "3.1.4"
 description = "Build Python wheels on CI with minimal configuration."
 readme = "README.md"
 license = "BSD-2-Clause"
@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ dependencies = [
     "filelock",
     "humanize",
     "packaging>=20.9",
+    # patchelf is used for Android
+    "patchelf; (sys_platform == 'linux' or sys_platform == 'darwin') and (platform_machine == 'x86_64' or platform_machine == 'arm64' or platform_machine == 'aarch64')",
     "platformdirs",
     "pyelftools>=0.29",
     "wheel>=0.33.6",
@@ -88,10 +90,12 @@ test = [
     "jinja2",
     "pytest-timeout",
     "pytest-xdist",
+    "pytest-rerunfailures",
     "pytest>=6",
     "setuptools",
     "tomli_w",
     "validate-pyproject",
+    "xdoctest",
 ]
 dev = [
     {include-group = "bin"},
@@ -102,13 +106,16 @@ dev = [
 
 [tool.pytest.ini_options]
 minversion = "6.0"
-addopts = ["-ra", "--showlocals", "--strict-markers", "--strict-config"]
+addopts = ["-ra", "--showlocals", "--strict-markers", "--strict-config", "--xdoctest", "--ignore-glob=*venv*"]
 junit_family = "xunit2"
 xfail_strict = true
 filterwarnings = ["error"]
 log_cli_level = "INFO"
 markers = [
     "serial: tests that must *not* be run in parallel (deselect with '-m \"not serial\"')",
+    "ios: tests that run on iOS",
+    "android: tests that run on Android",
+    "pyodide: tests that run on Pyodide",
 ]
 
 [tool.mypy]

test/test_android.py

@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@ import pytest
 from .test_projects import new_c_project
 from .utils import cibuildwheel_run, expected_wheels
 
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.android
+
+
 CIBW_PLATFORM = os.environ.get("CIBW_PLATFORM", "android")
 if CIBW_PLATFORM != "android":
     pytest.skip(f"{CIBW_PLATFORM=}", allow_module_level=True)
@@ -28,12 +31,10 @@ if (platform.system(), platform.machine()) not in [
     )
 
 # Detect CI services which have the Android SDK pre-installed.
-ci_supports_build = any(
-    key in os.environ
-    for key in [
-        "GITHUB_ACTIONS",
-        "TF_BUILD",  # Azure Pipelines
-    ]
+ci_supports_build = (
+    ("CIRRUS_CI" in os.environ and platform.system() == "Darwin")
+    or "GITHUB_ACTIONS" in os.environ
+    or "TF_BUILD" in os.environ  # Azure Pipelines
 )
 
 if "ANDROID_HOME" not in os.environ:
@@ -89,6 +90,17 @@ def test_android_home(tmp_path, capfd):
     assert "ANDROID_HOME environment variable is not set" in capfd.readouterr().err
 
 
+# the first build can fail to setup - mark as flaky, and serial to make sure it runs first
+@pytest.mark.serial
+@pytest.mark.flaky(reruns=2)
+def test_expected_wheels(tmp_path):
+    new_c_project().generate(tmp_path)
+    wheels = cibuildwheel_run(tmp_path, add_env={"CIBW_PLATFORM": "android"})
+    assert wheels == expected_wheels(
+        "spam", "0.1.0", platform="android", machine_arch=native_arch.android_abi
+    )
+
+
 def test_frontend_good(tmp_path):
     new_c_project().generate(tmp_path)
     wheels = cibuildwheel_run(
@@ -109,14 +121,6 @@ def test_frontend_bad(frontend, tmp_path, capfd):
     assert "Android requires the build frontend to be 'build'" in capfd.readouterr().err
 
 
-def test_expected_wheels(tmp_path):
-    new_c_project().generate(tmp_path)
-    wheels = cibuildwheel_run(tmp_path, add_env={"CIBW_PLATFORM": "android"})
-    assert wheels == expected_wheels(
-        "spam", "0.1.0", platform="android", machine_arch=native_arch.android_abi
-    )
-
-
 @needs_emulator
 def test_archs(tmp_path, capfd):
     new_c_project().generate(tmp_path)

test/test_before_test.py

@@ -63,9 +63,7 @@ def test(tmp_path, build_frontend_env):
             # the 'false ||' bit is to ensure this command runs in a shell on
             # mac/linux.
             "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND": f"false || {utils.invoke_pytest()} {{project}}/test",
-            # pytest fails on GraalPy 24.2.0 on Windows so we skip it there
-            # until https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/issues/490 is fixed
-            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND_WINDOWS": "where graalpy || pytest {project}/test",
+            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND_WINDOWS": "pytest {project}/test",
             **build_frontend_env,
         },
     )

test/test_ios.py

@@ -12,6 +12,12 @@ from cibuildwheel.ci import CIProvider, detect_ci_provider
 
 from . import test_projects, utils
 
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.ios
+
+CIBW_PLATFORM = os.environ.get("CIBW_PLATFORM", "ios")
+if CIBW_PLATFORM != "ios":
+    pytest.skip(f"{CIBW_PLATFORM=}", allow_module_level=True)
+
 basic_project_files = {
     "tests/test_platform.py": f"""
 import platform
@@ -43,7 +49,9 @@ def skip_if_ios_testing_not_supported() -> None:
 # it's easy to overload the CI machine if there are multiple test processes
 # running multithreaded processes. Therefore, they're put in the serial group,
 # which is guaranteed to run single-process.
+# This can also fail the first time sometimes.
 @pytest.mark.serial
+@pytest.mark.flaky(reruns=2)
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "build_config",
     [
@@ -163,6 +171,7 @@ def test_ios_testing_with_placeholder(tmp_path, capfd):
 
 
 @pytest.mark.serial
+@pytest.mark.flaky(reruns=2)
 def test_ios_test_command_short_circuit(tmp_path, capfd):
     skip_if_ios_testing_not_supported()
 
@@ -230,6 +239,7 @@ def test_no_xbuild_tool_definition(tmp_path, capfd):
         project_dir,
         add_env={
             "CIBW_PLATFORM": "ios",
+            "CIBW_BUILD": "cp313-*",
             "CIBW_TEST_SKIP": "*",
         },
     )
@@ -239,7 +249,7 @@ def test_no_xbuild_tool_definition(tmp_path, capfd):
         "spam",
         "0.1.0",
         platform="ios",
-        python_abi_tags=["cp313-cp313", "cp314-cp314"],
+        python_abi_tags=["cp313-cp313"],
     )
     assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
 
@@ -263,13 +273,14 @@ def test_empty_xbuild_tool_definition(tmp_path, capfd):
         project_dir,
         add_env={
             "CIBW_PLATFORM": "ios",
+            "CIBW_BUILD": "cp313-*",
             "CIBW_TEST_SKIP": "*",
             "CIBW_XBUILD_TOOLS": "",
         },
     )
 
     expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels(
-        "spam", "0.1.0", platform="ios", python_abi_tags=["cp313-cp313", "cp314-cp314"]
+        "spam", "0.1.0", platform="ios", python_abi_tags=["cp313-cp313"]
     )
     assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
 
@@ -299,6 +310,7 @@ def test_ios_test_command_without_python_dash_m(tmp_path, capfd):
         project_dir,
         add_env={
             "CIBW_PLATFORM": "ios",
+            "CIBW_BUILD": "cp313-*",
             "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND": "pytest ./tests",
             "CIBW_TEST_SOURCES": "tests",
             "CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES": "pytest",
@@ -307,7 +319,7 @@ def test_ios_test_command_without_python_dash_m(tmp_path, capfd):
     )
 
     expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels(
-        "spam", "0.1.0", platform="ios", python_abi_tags=["cp313-cp313", "cp314-cp314"]
+        "spam", "0.1.0", platform="ios", python_abi_tags=["cp313-cp313"]
     )
     assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
 

test/test_pyodide.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import contextlib
+import os
 import subprocess
 import sys
 import textwrap
@@ -9,6 +10,12 @@ from cibuildwheel.util.file import CIBW_CACHE_PATH
 
 from . import test_projects, utils
 
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.pyodide
+
+CIBW_PLATFORM = os.environ.get("CIBW_PLATFORM", "pyodide")
+if CIBW_PLATFORM != "pyodide":
+    pytest.skip(f"{CIBW_PLATFORM=}", allow_module_level=True)
+
 basic_project = test_projects.new_c_project()
 basic_project.files["check_node.py"] = r"""
 import sys

test/test_testing.py

@@ -81,9 +81,7 @@ def test(tmp_path):
             # the 'false ||' bit is to ensure this command runs in a shell on
             # mac/linux.
             "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND": f"false || {utils.invoke_pytest()} {{project}}/test",
-            # pytest fails on GraalPy 24.2.0 on Windows so we skip it there
-            # until https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/issues/490 is fixed
-            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND_WINDOWS": "COLOR 00 || where graalpy || pytest {project}/test",
+            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND_WINDOWS": "COLOR 00 || pytest {project}/test",
         },
     )
 
@@ -104,9 +102,7 @@ def test_extras_require(tmp_path):
             # the 'false ||' bit is to ensure this command runs in a shell on
             # mac/linux.
             "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND": f"false || {utils.invoke_pytest()} {{project}}/test",
-            # pytest fails on GraalPy 24.2.0 on Windows so we skip it there
-            # until https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/issues/490 is fixed
-            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND_WINDOWS": "COLOR 00 || where graalpy || pytest {project}/test",
+            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND_WINDOWS": "COLOR 00 || pytest {project}/test",
         },
         single_python=True,
     )
@@ -138,9 +134,7 @@ def test_dependency_groups(tmp_path):
             # the 'false ||' bit is to ensure this command runs in a shell on
             # mac/linux.
             "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND": f"false || {utils.invoke_pytest()} {{project}}/test",
-            # pytest fails on GraalPy 24.2.0 on Windows so we skip it there
-            # until https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/issues/490 is fixed
-            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND_WINDOWS": "COLOR 00 || where graalpy || pytest {project}/test",
+            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND_WINDOWS": "COLOR 00 || pytest {project}/test",
         },
         single_python=True,
     )
@@ -230,9 +224,7 @@ def test_test_sources(tmp_path):
         project_dir,
         add_env={
             "CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES": "pytest",
-            # pytest fails on GraalPy 24.2.0 on Windows so we skip it there
-            # until https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/issues/490 is fixed
-            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND_WINDOWS": "where graalpy || pytest",
+            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND_WINDOWS": "pytest",
             "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND": utils.invoke_pytest(),
             "CIBW_TEST_SOURCES": "test",
         },

test/utils.py

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ def get_platform() -> str:
         raise Exception(msg)
 
 
-DEFAULT_CIBW_ENABLE = "cpython-freethreading cpython-prerelease cpython-experimental-riscv64"
+DEFAULT_CIBW_ENABLE = "cpython-freethreading cpython-prerelease"
 
 
 def get_enable_groups() -> frozenset[EnableGroup]:

unit_test/build_selector_test.py

@@ -217,15 +217,6 @@ def test_build_free_threaded_python():
     assert build_selector("cp313t-manylinux_x86_64")
 
 
-def test_build_riscv64_enable():
-    build_selector = BuildSelector(build_config="*", skip_config="")
-    assert not build_selector("cp313-manylinux_riscv64")
-    build_selector = BuildSelector(
-        build_config="*", skip_config="", enable=frozenset([EnableGroup.CPythonExperimentalRiscV64])
-    )
-    assert build_selector("cp313-manylinux_riscv64")
-
-
 def test_testing_selector():
     # This is not a global import to keep pytest from collecting it as a test
     test_selector = cibuildwheel.selector.TestSelector(skip_config="cp36-*")

unit_test/main_commands_test.py

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+import errno
+import shutil
+import sys
+
+import pytest
+
+import cibuildwheel.__main__ as main_module
+from cibuildwheel.__main__ import main
+
+
+def test_clean_cache_when_cache_exists(tmp_path, monkeypatch, capfd):
+    fake_cache_dir = (tmp_path / "cibw_cache").resolve()
+    monkeypatch.setattr(main_module, "CIBW_CACHE_PATH", fake_cache_dir)
+
+    fake_cache_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    assert fake_cache_dir.exists()
+
+    cibw_sentinel = fake_cache_dir / "CACHEDIR.TAG"
+    cibw_sentinel.write_text(
+        "Signature: 8a477f597d28d172789f06886806bc55\n"
+        "# This file is a cache directory tag created by cibuildwheel.\n"
+        "# For information about cache directory tags, see:\n"
+        "# https://www.brynosaurus.com/cachedir/",
+        encoding="utf-8",
+    )
+
+    dummy_file = fake_cache_dir / "dummy.txt"
+    dummy_file.write_text("hello")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(sys, "argv", ["cibuildwheel", "--clean-cache"])
+
+    with pytest.raises(SystemExit) as e:
+        main()
+
+    assert e.value.code == 0
+
+    out, err = capfd.readouterr()
+    assert f"Clearing cache directory: {fake_cache_dir}" in out
+    assert "Cache cleared successfully." in out
+    assert not fake_cache_dir.exists()
+
+
+def test_clean_cache_when_cache_does_not_exist(tmp_path, monkeypatch, capfd):
+    fake_cache_dir = (tmp_path / "nonexistent_cache").resolve()
+    monkeypatch.setattr(main_module, "CIBW_CACHE_PATH", fake_cache_dir)
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(sys, "argv", ["cibuildwheel", "--clean-cache"])
+
+    with pytest.raises(SystemExit) as e:
+        main()
+
+    assert e.value.code == 0
+
+    out, err = capfd.readouterr()
+    assert f"Cache directory does not exist: {fake_cache_dir}" in out
+
+
+def test_clean_cache_with_error(tmp_path, monkeypatch, capfd):
+    fake_cache_dir = (tmp_path / "cibw_cache").resolve()
+    monkeypatch.setattr(main_module, "CIBW_CACHE_PATH", fake_cache_dir)
+
+    fake_cache_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    assert fake_cache_dir.exists()
+
+    cibw_sentinel = fake_cache_dir / "CACHEDIR.TAG"
+    cibw_sentinel.write_text(
+        "Signature: 8a477f597d28d172789f06886806bc55\n"
+        "# This file is a cache directory tag created by cibuildwheel.\n"
+        "# For information about cache directory tags, see:\n"
+        "# https://www.brynosaurus.com/cachedir/",
+        encoding="utf-8",
+    )
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(sys, "argv", ["cibuildwheel", "--clean-cache"])
+
+    def fake_rmtree(path):  # noqa: ARG001
+        raise OSError(errno.EACCES, "Permission denied")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(shutil, "rmtree", fake_rmtree)
+
+    with pytest.raises(SystemExit) as e:
+        main()
+
+    assert e.value.code == 1
+
+    out, err = capfd.readouterr()
+    assert f"Clearing cache directory: {fake_cache_dir}" in out
+    assert "Error clearing cache:" in err
+
+
+def test_clean_cache_without_sentinel(tmp_path, monkeypatch, capfd):
+    fake_cache_dir = (tmp_path / "not_a_cache").resolve()
+    monkeypatch.setattr(main_module, "CIBW_CACHE_PATH", fake_cache_dir)
+
+    fake_cache_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(sys, "argv", ["cibuildwheel", "--clean-cache"])
+
+    with pytest.raises(SystemExit) as e:
+        main()
+
+    assert e.value.code == 1
+
+    out, err = capfd.readouterr()
+    assert "does not appear to be a cibuildwheel cache directory" in err
+    assert fake_cache_dir.exists()
+
+
+def test_clean_cache_with_invalid_signature(tmp_path, monkeypatch, capfd):
+    fake_cache_dir = (tmp_path / "fake_cache").resolve()
+    monkeypatch.setattr(main_module, "CIBW_CACHE_PATH", fake_cache_dir)
+
+    fake_cache_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+
+    cibw_sentinel = fake_cache_dir / "CACHEDIR.TAG"
+    cibw_sentinel.write_text("Invalid signature\n# This is not a real cache directory tag")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(sys, "argv", ["cibuildwheel", "--clean-cache"])
+
+    with pytest.raises(SystemExit) as e:
+        main()
+
+    assert e.value.code == 1
+
+    out, err = capfd.readouterr()
+    assert "does not contain a valid cache directory signature" in err
+    assert fake_cache_dir.exists()

unit_test/main_tests/conftest.py

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import pytest
 
 from cibuildwheel import architecture
 from cibuildwheel.logger import Logger
-from cibuildwheel.platforms import linux, macos, pyodide, windows
+from cibuildwheel.platforms import android, ios, linux, macos, pyodide, windows
 from cibuildwheel.util import file
 
 
@@ -87,10 +87,12 @@ def platform(request, monkeypatch):
 def intercepted_build_args(monkeypatch):
     intercepted = ArgsInterceptor()
 
+    monkeypatch.setattr(android, "build", intercepted)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(ios, "build", intercepted)
     monkeypatch.setattr(linux, "build", intercepted)
     monkeypatch.setattr(macos, "build", intercepted)
-    monkeypatch.setattr(windows, "build", intercepted)
     monkeypatch.setattr(pyodide, "build", intercepted)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(windows, "build", intercepted)
 
     yield intercepted
 

unit_test/main_tests/main_options_test.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import os
 import sys
 import tomllib
 from fnmatch import fnmatch
@@ -16,6 +17,18 @@ from cibuildwheel.util.packaging import DependencyConstraints
 # CIBW_PLATFORM is tested in main_platform_test.py
 
 
+def test_old_free_threaded(monkeypatch, capsys):
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CIBW_FREE_THREADED_SUPPORT", "ON")
+
+    with pytest.raises(SystemExit):
+        main()
+
+    assert (
+        "CIBW_FREE_THREADED_SUPPORT environment variable is no longer supported."
+        in capsys.readouterr().err
+    )
+
+
 @pytest.mark.usefixtures("platform")
 def test_output_dir(intercepted_build_args, monkeypatch):
     OUTPUT_DIR = Path("some_output_dir")
@@ -93,6 +106,32 @@ def test_invalid_skip_selector(monkeypatch, capsys, option_name, option_env_var)
     assert f"Invalid {option_name} selector" in err
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "selector", ["*-macosx_universal2:arm64", "*-macosx_universal2:x86_64", "*-macosx_arm64"]
+)
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("platform", "intercepted_build_args")
+def test_valid_test_skip_selector(monkeypatch, capsys, selector):
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CIBW_TEST_SKIP", selector)
+
+    main()
+
+    _, err = capsys.readouterr()
+    print(err)
+    assert "Invalid test_skip selector" not in err
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("selector", ["*-macosx_universal2:invalid", "*-macosx_arm64:arm64"])
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("platform", "intercepted_build_args")
+def test_invalid_test_skip_selector(monkeypatch, capsys, selector):
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CIBW_TEST_SKIP", selector)
+
+    main()
+
+    _, err = capsys.readouterr()
+    print(err)
+    assert "Invalid test_skip selector" in err
+
+
 @pytest.mark.usefixtures("platform", "intercepted_build_args")
 def test_empty_selector(monkeypatch):
     monkeypatch.setenv("CIBW_SKIP", "*")
@@ -103,6 +142,70 @@ def test_empty_selector(monkeypatch):
     assert e.value.code == 3
 
 
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("platform", "intercepted_build_args")
+def test_riscv64_warning1(monkeypatch, capsys):
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CIBW_ENABLE", "cpython-experimental-riscv64")
+
+    main()
+
+    _, err = capsys.readouterr()
+    print(err)
+    assert "'cpython-experimental-riscv64' enable is deprecated" in err
+
+
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("platform", "intercepted_build_args")
+def test_riscv64_warning2(monkeypatch, capsys, tmp_path):
+    local_path = tmp_path / "tmp_project"
+    os.mkdir(local_path)  # noqa:PTH102 Path.mkdir has been monkeypatched already
+    local_path.joinpath("setup.py").touch()
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        sys, "argv", ["cibuildwheel", "--only", "cp313-manylinux_riscv64", str(local_path)]
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CIBW_ENABLE", "cpython-experimental-riscv64")
+
+    main()
+
+    _, err = capsys.readouterr()
+    print(err)
+    assert "'cpython-experimental-riscv64' enable is deprecated" in err
+
+
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("platform", "intercepted_build_args")
+def test_riscv64_no_warning(monkeypatch, capsys, tmp_path):
+    local_path = tmp_path / "tmp_project"
+    os.mkdir(local_path)  # noqa:PTH102 Path.mkdir has been monkeypatched already
+    local_path.joinpath("setup.py").touch()
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        sys, "argv", ["cibuildwheel", "--only", "cp313-manylinux_riscv64", str(local_path)]
+    )
+
+    main()
+
+    _, err = capsys.readouterr()
+    print(err)
+    assert "'cpython-experimental-riscv64' enable is deprecated" not in err
+
+
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("platform", "intercepted_build_args")
+def test_riscv64_no_warning2(monkeypatch, capsys, tmp_path):
+    local_path = tmp_path / "tmp_project"
+    os.mkdir(local_path)  # noqa:PTH102 Path.mkdir has been monkeypatched already
+    local_path.joinpath("setup.py").touch()
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        sys, "argv", ["cibuildwheel", "--only", "cp313-manylinux_riscv64", str(local_path)]
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CIBW_ENABLE", "all")
+
+    main()
+
+    _, err = capsys.readouterr()
+    print(err)
+    assert "'cpython-experimental-riscv64' enable is deprecated" not in err
+
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     ("architecture", "image", "full_image"),
     [

unit_test/main_tests/main_platform_test.py

@@ -278,3 +278,12 @@ def test_pyodide_on_windows(monkeypatch, capsys):
 
     assert exit.value.code == 2
     assert "Building for pyodide is not supported on Windows" in err
+
+
+def test_empty_archs_platform(platform, intercepted_build_args, monkeypatch):
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CIBW_ARCHS", "")
+
+    main()
+
+    options = intercepted_build_args.args[0]
+    assert options.globals.architectures == Architecture.auto_archs(platform)

unit_test/oci_container_test.py

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import json
 import os
-import platform
 import random
 import shutil
 import subprocess
@@ -29,16 +28,7 @@ from cibuildwheel.oci_container import (
 # for these tests we use manylinux2014 images, because they're available on
 # multi architectures and include python3.8
 DEFAULT_IMAGE = "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014:2025.03.08-1"
-pm = platform.machine()
-DEFAULT_OCI_PLATFORM = {
-    "AMD64": OCIPlatform.AMD64,
-    "x86_64": OCIPlatform.AMD64,
-    "ppc64le": OCIPlatform.PPC64LE,
-    "s390x": OCIPlatform.S390X,
-    "aarch64": OCIPlatform.ARM64,
-    "arm64": OCIPlatform.ARM64,
-    "ARM64": OCIPlatform.ARM64,
-}[pm]
+DEFAULT_OCI_PLATFORM = OCIPlatform.native()
 
 PODMAN = OCIContainerEngineConfig(name="podman")
 
@@ -494,7 +484,7 @@ def test_parse_engine_config(config, name, create_args, capsys):
         )
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(pm != "x86_64", reason="Only runs on x86_64")
+@pytest.mark.skipif(DEFAULT_OCI_PLATFORM != OCIPlatform.AMD64, reason="Only runs on x86_64")
 def test_enforce_32_bit(container_engine):
     with OCIContainer(
         engine=container_engine, image=DEFAULT_IMAGE, oci_platform=OCIPlatform.i386
@@ -551,7 +541,7 @@ def test_local_image(
 ) -> None:
     if (
         detect_ci_provider() == CIProvider.travis_ci
-        and pm != "x86_64"
+        and DEFAULT_OCI_PLATFORM != OCIPlatform.AMD64
         and platform != DEFAULT_OCI_PLATFORM
     ):
         pytest.skip("Skipping test because docker on this platform does not support QEMU")
@@ -581,7 +571,7 @@ def test_local_image(
 def test_multiarch_image(container_engine, platform):
     if (
         detect_ci_provider() == CIProvider.travis_ci
-        and pm != "x86_64"
+        and DEFAULT_OCI_PLATFORM != OCIPlatform.AMD64
         and platform != DEFAULT_OCI_PLATFORM
     ):
         pytest.skip("Skipping test because docker on this platform does not support QEMU")

unit_test/wheel_print_test.py

@@ -15,9 +15,11 @@ def test_printout_wheels(capsys):
     log.colors_enabled = False
 
     with log.print_summary(options=OPTIONS_DEFAULTS):
+        # the number of BuildInfo with & without filename shall be different for this test
         log.summary = [
             BuildInfo(identifier="id1", filename=None, duration=3),
             BuildInfo(identifier="id2", filename=FILE, duration=2),
+            BuildInfo(identifier="id3", filename=FILE, duration=3),
         ]
 
     captured = capsys.readouterr()
@@ -25,7 +27,8 @@ def test_printout_wheels(capsys):
 
     assert "id1" in captured.out
     assert "id2" in captured.out
-    assert "wheels produced in" in captured.out
+    assert "id3" in captured.out
+    assert "2 wheels produced in" in captured.out
     assert "SHA256=" in captured.out