Bump version: v2.23.2

fix: always resolve --python argument (#2328)

fix: always resolve the --python argument

Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>

README.md

@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
 
       - name: Install cibuildwheel
-        run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.0
+        run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.2
 
       - name: Build wheels
         run: python -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
@@ -215,6 +215,20 @@ Changelog
 
 <!-- this section was generated by bin/update_readme_changelog.py -- do not edit manually -->
 
+### v2.23.2
+
+_24 March 2025_
+
+- 🐛 Workaround an issue with pyodide builds when running cibuildwheel with a Python that was installed via UV (#2328 via #2331)
+- 🛠 Dependency updates, including a manylinux update that fixes an ['undefined symbol' error](https://github.com/pypa/manylinux/issues/1760) in gcc-toolset (#2334)
+
+### v2.23.1
+
+_15 March 2025_
+
+- ⚠️ Added warnings when the shorthand values `manylinux1`, `manylinux2010`, `manylinux_2_24`, and `musllinux_1_1` are used to specify the images in linux builds. The shorthand to these (unmaintainted) images will be removed in v3.0. If you want to keep using these images, explicitly opt-in using the full image URL, which can be found in [this file](https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/blob/v2.23.1/cibuildwheel/resources/pinned_docker_images.cfg). (#2312)
+- 🛠 Dependency updates, including a manylinux update which fixes an [issue with rustup](https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/issues/2303). (#2315)
+
 ### v2.23.0
 
 _1 March 2025_
@@ -250,26 +264,6 @@ _9 October 2024_
 - 🛠 Update CPython 3.13 to 3.13.0 final release (#2032)
 - 📚 Docs updates and tidy ups (#2035)
 
-### v2.21.2
-
-_2 October 2024_
-
-- ✨ Adds support for building 32-bit armv7l wheels on musllinux. On a Linux system with emulation set up, set [CIBW_ARCHS](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#archs) to `armv7l` on Linux to try it out if you're interested! (#2017)
-- 🐛 Fix Linux Podman builds on some systems (#2016)
-- ✨ Adds official support for running on Python 3.13 (#2026)
-- 🛠 Update CPython 3.13 to 3.13.0rc3 (#2029)
-
-Note: the default [manylinux image](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#linux-image) is **scheduled to change** from `manylinux2014` to `manylinux_2_28` in a cibuildwheel release on or after **6th May 2025** - you can set the value now to avoid getting upgraded if you want. (#1992)
-
-### v2.21.1
-
-_16 September 2024_
-
-- 🐛 Fix a bug in the Linux build, where files copied to the container would have invalid ownership permissions (#2007)
-- 🐛 Fix a bug on Windows where cibuildwheel would call upon `uv` to install dependencies for versions of CPython that it does not support (#2005)
-- 🐛 Fix a bug where `uv 0.4.10` would not use the right Python when testing on Linux. (#2008)
-- 🛠 Bump our documentation pins, fixes an issue with a missing package (#2011)
-
 <!-- END bin/update_readme_changelog.py -->
 
 ---

cibuildwheel/__init__.py

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-__version__ = "2.23.0"
+__version__ = "2.23.2"

cibuildwheel/options.py

@@ -567,6 +567,7 @@ class Options:
         self.command_line_arguments = command_line_arguments
         self.env = env
         self._defaults = defaults
+        self._image_warnings: set[str] = set()
 
         self.reader = OptionsReader(
             None if defaults else self.config_file_path,
@@ -688,6 +689,20 @@ class Options:
             allow_empty=allow_empty,
         )
 
+    def _check_pinned_image(self, value: str, pinned_images: Mapping[str, str]) -> None:
+        if (
+            value in {"manylinux1", "manylinux2010", "manylinux_2_24", "musllinux_1_1"}
+            and value not in self._image_warnings
+        ):
+            self._image_warnings.add(value)
+            msg = (
+                f"Deprecated image {value!r}. This value will not work"
+                " in a future version of cibuildwheel. Either upgrade to a supported"
+                " image or continue using the deprecated image by pinning directly"
+                f" to {pinned_images[value]!r}."
+            )
+            log.warning(msg)
+
     def build_options(self, identifier: str | None) -> BuildOptions:
         """
         Compute BuildOptions for a single run configuration.
@@ -785,6 +800,7 @@ class Options:
                         # default to manylinux2014
                         image = pinned_images["manylinux2014"]
                     elif config_value in pinned_images:
+                        self._check_pinned_image(config_value, pinned_images)
                         image = pinned_images[config_value]
                     else:
                         image = config_value
@@ -799,6 +815,7 @@ class Options:
                     if not config_value:
                         image = pinned_images["musllinux_1_2"]
                     elif config_value in pinned_images:
+                        self._check_pinned_image(config_value, pinned_images)
                         image = pinned_images[config_value]
                     else:
                         image = config_value

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-pyodide312.txt

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 #    nox -s update_constraints
 annotated-types==0.7.0
     # via pydantic
-anyio==4.8.0
+anyio==4.9.0
     # via httpx
 auditwheel-emscripten==0.0.16
     # via pyodide-build
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ cmake==3.31.6
     # via pyodide-build
 distlib==0.3.9
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.17.0
+filelock==3.18.0
     # via virtualenv
 h11==0.14.0
     # via httpcore
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ packaging==24.2
     #   unearth
 pip==25.0.1
     # via -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
-platformdirs==4.3.6
+platformdirs==4.3.7
     # via virtualenv
 pydantic==2.10.6
     # via
@@ -98,11 +98,11 @@ typing-extensions==4.12.2
     #   pydantic
     #   pydantic-core
     #   typer
-unearth==0.17.2
+unearth==0.17.3
     # via pyodide-build
 urllib3==2.3.0
     # via requests
-virtualenv==20.29.2
+virtualenv==20.29.3
     # via
     #   build
     #   pyodide-build

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python310.txt

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ delocate==0.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 distlib==0.3.9
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.17.0
+filelock==3.18.0
     # via virtualenv
 importlib-metadata==8.6.1
     # via build
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ packaging==24.2
     #   delocate
 pip==25.0.1
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-platformdirs==4.3.6
+platformdirs==4.3.7
     # via virtualenv
 pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ tomli==2.2.1
     # via build
 typing-extensions==4.12.2
     # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.29.2
+virtualenv==20.29.3
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 zipp==3.21.0
     # via importlib-metadata

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python311.txt

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ delocate==0.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 distlib==0.3.9
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.17.0
+filelock==3.18.0
     # via virtualenv
 macholib==1.16.3
     # via delocate
@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@ packaging==24.2
     #   delocate
 pip==25.0.1
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-platformdirs==4.3.6
+platformdirs==4.3.7
     # via virtualenv
 pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
 typing-extensions==4.12.2
     # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.29.2
+virtualenv==20.29.3
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python312.txt

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ delocate==0.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 distlib==0.3.9
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.17.0
+filelock==3.18.0
     # via virtualenv
 macholib==1.16.3
     # via delocate
@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@ packaging==24.2
     #   delocate
 pip==25.0.1
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-platformdirs==4.3.6
+platformdirs==4.3.7
     # via virtualenv
 pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
 typing-extensions==4.12.2
     # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.29.2
+virtualenv==20.29.3
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python313.txt

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ delocate==0.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 distlib==0.3.9
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.17.0
+filelock==3.18.0
     # via virtualenv
 macholib==1.16.3
     # via delocate
@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@ packaging==24.2
     #   delocate
 pip==25.0.1
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-platformdirs==4.3.6
+platformdirs==4.3.7
     # via virtualenv
 pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
 typing-extensions==4.12.2
     # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.29.2
+virtualenv==20.29.3
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python38.txt

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ tomli==2.2.1
     # via build
 typing-extensions==4.12.2
     # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.29.2
+virtualenv==20.29.3
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 zipp==3.20.2
     # via importlib-metadata

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python39.txt

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ delocate==0.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 distlib==0.3.9
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.17.0
+filelock==3.18.0
     # via virtualenv
 importlib-metadata==8.6.1
     # via build
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ packaging==24.2
     #   delocate
 pip==25.0.1
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-platformdirs==4.3.6
+platformdirs==4.3.7
     # via virtualenv
 pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ tomli==2.2.1
     # via build
 typing-extensions==4.12.2
     # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.29.2
+virtualenv==20.29.3
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 zipp==3.21.0
     # via importlib-metadata

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.txt

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ delocate==0.13.0
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 distlib==0.3.9
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.17.0
+filelock==3.18.0
     # via virtualenv
 macholib==1.16.3
     # via delocate
@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@ packaging==24.2
     #   delocate
 pip==25.0.1
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-platformdirs==4.3.6
+platformdirs==4.3.7
     # via virtualenv
 pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
     # via build
 typing-extensions==4.12.2
     # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.29.2
+virtualenv==20.29.3
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/nodejs.toml

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 url = "https://nodejs.org/dist/"
 v22 = "v22.14.0"
-v20 = "v20.18.3"
+v20 = "v20.19.0"

cibuildwheel/resources/pinned_docker_images.cfg

@@ -1,58 +1,58 @@
 [x86_64]
 manylinux1 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux1_x86_64:2024-04-29-76807b8
 manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_x86_64:2022-08-05-4535177
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2025.02.28-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2025.03.23-1
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_x86_64:2022-12-26-0d38463
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:2025.02.28-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:2025.03.23-1
 musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_x86_64:2024.10.26-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_x86_64:2025.02.28-1
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_x86_64:2025.03.23-1
 
 [i686]
 manylinux1 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux1_i686:2024-04-29-76807b8
 manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_i686:2022-08-05-4535177
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2025.02.28-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2025.03.23-1
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_i686:2022-12-26-0d38463
 musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_i686:2024.10.26-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_i686:2025.02.28-1
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_i686:2025.03.23-1
 
 [pypy_x86_64]
 manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_x86_64:2022-08-05-4535177
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2025.02.28-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2025.03.23-1
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_x86_64:2022-12-26-0d38463
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:2025.02.28-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:2025.03.23-1
 
 [pypy_i686]
 manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_i686:2022-08-05-4535177
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2025.02.28-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2025.03.23-1
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_i686:2022-12-26-0d38463
 
 [aarch64]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2025.02.28-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2025.03.23-1
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_aarch64:2022-12-26-0d38463
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64:2025.02.28-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64:2025.03.23-1
 musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_aarch64:2024.10.26-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_aarch64:2025.02.28-1
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_aarch64:2025.03.23-1
 
 [ppc64le]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_ppc64le:2025.02.28-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_ppc64le:2025.03.23-1
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_ppc64le:2022-12-26-0d38463
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_ppc64le:2025.02.28-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_ppc64le:2025.03.23-1
 musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_ppc64le:2024.10.26-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_ppc64le:2025.02.28-1
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_ppc64le:2025.03.23-1
 
 [s390x]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_s390x:2025.02.28-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_s390x:2025.03.23-1
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_s390x:2022-12-26-0d38463
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_s390x:2025.02.28-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_s390x:2025.03.23-1
 musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_s390x:2024.10.26-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_s390x:2025.02.28-1
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_s390x:2025.03.23-1
 
 [pypy_aarch64]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2025.02.28-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2025.03.23-1
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_aarch64:2022-12-26-0d38463
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64:2025.02.28-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64:2025.03.23-1
 
 [armv7l]
-manylinux_2_31 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_31_armv7l:2025.02.28-1
+manylinux_2_31 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_31_armv7l:2025.03.23-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_armv7l:2025.02.28-1
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_armv7l:2025.03.23-1
 

cibuildwheel/resources/virtualenv.toml

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 py36 = { version = "20.21.1", url = "https://github.com/pypa/get-virtualenv/blob/20.21.1/public/virtualenv.pyz?raw=true" }
-default = { version = "20.29.1", url = "https://github.com/pypa/get-virtualenv/blob/20.29.1/public/virtualenv.pyz?raw=true" }
+default = { version = "20.29.3", url = "https://github.com/pypa/get-virtualenv/blob/20.29.3/public/virtualenv.pyz?raw=true" }

cibuildwheel/util.py

@@ -705,6 +705,10 @@ def virtualenv(
     dependency_constraint_flags are ignored since nothing is installed in the
     venv. Otherwise, pip is installed, and setuptools + wheel if Python < 3.12.
     """
+
+    # virtualenv may fail if this is a symlink.
+    python = python.resolve()
+
     assert python.exists()
 
     if use_uv:

docs/changelog.md

@@ -4,6 +4,20 @@ title: Changelog
 
 # Changelog
 
+### v2.23.2
+
+_24 March 2025_
+
+- 🐛 Workaround an issue with pyodide builds when running cibuildwheel with a Python that was installed via UV (#2328 via #2331)
+- 🛠 Dependency updates, including a manylinux update that fixes an ['undefined symbol' error](https://github.com/pypa/manylinux/issues/1760) in gcc-toolset (#2334)
+
+### v2.23.1
+
+_15 March 2025_
+
+- ⚠️ Added warnings when the shorthand values `manylinux1`, `manylinux2010`, `manylinux_2_24`, and `musllinux_1_1` are used to specify the images in linux builds. The shorthand to these (unmaintainted) images will be removed in v3.0. If you want to keep using these images, explicitly opt-in using the full image URL, which can be found in [this file](https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/blob/v2.23.1/cibuildwheel/resources/pinned_docker_images.cfg). (#2312)
+- 🛠 Dependency updates, including a manylinux update which fixes an [issue with rustup](https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/issues/2303). (#2315)
+
 ### v2.23.0
 
 _1 March 2025_

docs/faq.md

@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ There are two suggested methods for keeping cibuildwheel up to date that instead
 If you use GitHub Actions for builds, you can use cibuildwheel as an action:
 
 ```yaml
-uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.23.0
+uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.23.2
 ```
 
 This is a composite step that just runs cibuildwheel using pipx. You can set command-line options as `with:` parameters, and use `env:` as normal.
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ The second option, and the only one that supports other CI systems, is using a `
 
 ```bash
 # requirements-cibw.txt
-cibuildwheel==2.23.0
+cibuildwheel==2.23.2
 ```
 
 Then your install step would have `python -m pip install -r requirements-cibw.txt` in it. Your `.github/dependabot.yml` file could look like this:
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ Solutions to this vary, but the simplest is to use pipx:
 # most runners have pipx preinstalled, but in case you don't
 python3 -m pip install pipx
 
-pipx run cibuildwheel==2.23.0 --output-dir wheelhouse
+pipx run cibuildwheel==2.23.2 --output-dir wheelhouse
 pipx run twine upload wheelhouse/*.whl
 ```
 

docs/setup.md

@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ To build Linux, Mac, and Windows wheels using GitHub Actions, create a `.github/
           - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
           - name: Build wheels
-            run: pipx run cibuildwheel==2.23.0
+            run: pipx run cibuildwheel==2.23.2
 
           - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
             with:
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ To build Linux, Mac, and Windows wheels using GitHub Actions, create a `.github/
           - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
 
           - name: Install cibuildwheel
-            run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.0
+            run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.2
 
           - name: Build wheels
             run: python -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse

examples/appveyor-minimal.yml

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ environment:
 
 stack: python 3.12
 
-install: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.0
+install: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.2
 
 build_script: python -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
 

examples/azure-pipelines-minimal.yml

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ jobs:
     - bash: |
         set -o errexit
         python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        pip3 install cibuildwheel==2.23.0
+        pip3 install cibuildwheel==2.23.2
       displayName: Install dependencies
     - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
       displayName: Build wheels
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
     - bash: |
         set -o errexit
         python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.0
+        python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.2
       displayName: Install dependencies
     - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
       displayName: Build wheels
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ jobs:
     - bash: |
         set -o errexit
         python -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.0
+        pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.2
       displayName: Install dependencies
     - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
       displayName: Build wheels

examples/circleci-minimal.yml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ jobs:
       - run:
           name: Build the Linux wheels.
           command: |
-            python3 -m pip install --user cibuildwheel==2.23.0
+            python3 -m pip install --user cibuildwheel==2.23.2
             cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       - store_artifacts:
           path: wheelhouse/
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ jobs:
       - run:
           name: Build the Linux aarch64 wheels.
           command: |
-            python3 -m pip install --user cibuildwheel==2.23.0
+            python3 -m pip install --user cibuildwheel==2.23.2
             python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       - store_artifacts:
           path: wheelhouse/
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ jobs:
           name: Build the OS X wheels.
           command: |
             sudo softwareupdate --install-rosetta --agree-to-license  # for python<=3.8 or x86_64/universal2 tests
-            pip3 install cibuildwheel==2.23.0
+            pip3 install cibuildwheel==2.23.2
             cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       - store_artifacts:
           path: wheelhouse/

examples/cirrus-ci-intel-mac.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 build_and_store_wheels: &BUILD_AND_STORE_WHEELS
   install_cibuildwheel_script:
-    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.0
+    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.2
   run_cibuildwheel_script:
     - cibuildwheel
   wheels_artifacts:

examples/cirrus-ci-minimal.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 build_and_store_wheels: &BUILD_AND_STORE_WHEELS
   install_cibuildwheel_script:
-    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.0
+    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.2
   run_cibuildwheel_script:
     - cibuildwheel
   wheels_artifacts:

examples/github-deploy.yml

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.23.0
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.23.2
 
       - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:

examples/github-minimal.yml

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.23.0
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.23.2
         # env:
         #   CIBW_SOME_OPTION: value
         #    ...

examples/github-with-qemu.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
           platforms: all
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.23.0
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.23.2
         env:
           # configure cibuildwheel on Linux to build native archs ('auto'),
           # and to split the remaining architectures between the x86_64 and

examples/gitlab-minimal.yml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ linux:
     DOCKER_TLS_CERTDIR: ""
   script:
     - curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh
-    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.0
+    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.2
     - cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
   artifacts:
     paths:
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ windows:
   before_script:
     - choco install python -y --version 3.12.4
     - choco install git.install -y
-    - py -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.0
+    - py -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.2
   script:
     - py -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse --platform windows
   artifacts:
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ windows:
 macos:
   image: macos-14-xcode-15
   before_script:
-    - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.0
+    - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.2
   script:
     - python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
   artifacts:

examples/gitlab-with-qemu.yml

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ linux:
     - curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh
     # Warning: This is extremely slow, be careful with how many wheels you build
     - docker run --rm --privileged multiarch/qemu-user-static --reset -p yes
-    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.0
+    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.2
     # Assuming your CI runner's default architecture is x86_64...
     - cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse --platform linux --archs aarch64
   artifacts:

examples/travis-ci-deploy.yml

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
         - ln -s /c/Python312/python.exe /c/Python312/python3.exe
 
 install:
-  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.0
+  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.2
 
 script:
   # build the wheels, put them into './dist'

examples/travis-ci-minimal.yml

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ jobs:
         - ln -s /c/Python312/python.exe /c/Python312/python3.exe
 
 install:
-  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.0
+  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.2
 
 script:
   # build the wheels, put them into './wheelhouse'

examples/travis-ci-test-and-deploy.yml

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ jobs:
     - stage: deploy
       name: Build and deploy Linux wheels
       services: docker
-      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.0 twine
+      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.2 twine
       script: python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       after_success: python3 -m twine upload --skip-existing wheelhouse/*.whl
     # Deploy on windows
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ jobs:
       name: Build and deploy Windows wheels
       os: windows
       language: shell
-      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.0 twine
+      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.23.2 twine
       script: python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       after_success: python3 -m twine upload --skip-existing wheelhouse/*.whl
 

pyproject.toml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ build-backend = "hatchling.build"
 
 [project]
 name = "cibuildwheel"
-version = "2.23.0"
+version = "2.23.2"
 description = "Build Python wheels on CI with minimal configuration."
 readme = "README.md"
 license = "BSD-2-Clause"

unit_test/options_test.py

@@ -459,3 +459,36 @@ def test_free_threaded_support(
         assert EnableGroups.CPythonFreeThreading in options.globals.build_selector.enable
     else:
         assert EnableGroups.CPythonFreeThreading not in options.globals.build_selector.enable
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("image", "deprecated"),
+    [
+        ("manylinux1", True),
+        ("manylinux2010", True),
+        ("manylinux2014", False),
+        ("manylinux_2_24", True),
+        ("manylinux_2_28", False),
+        ("manylinux_2_34", False),
+        ("musllinux_1_1", True),
+        ("musllinux_1_2", False),
+    ],
+)
+def test_deprecated_image(image: str, deprecated: bool, capsys: pytest.CaptureFixture[str]) -> None:
+    args = CommandLineArguments.defaults()
+    env = {
+        "CIBW_ARCHS": "x86_64",
+        "CIBW_MANYLINUX_X86_64_IMAGE": image if image.startswith("manylinux") else "",
+        "CIBW_MUSLLINUX_X86_64_IMAGE": image if image.startswith("musllinux") else "",
+    }
+    options = Options(platform="linux", command_line_arguments=args, env=env)
+    bo = options.build_options(None)
+    images = bo.manylinux_images if image.startswith("manylinux") else bo.musllinux_images
+    assert images is not None
+    resolved_image = images["x86_64"]
+    captured = capsys.readouterr()
+    if deprecated:
+        assert f"Deprecated image {image!r}" in captured.err
+        assert f"{resolved_image!r}" in captured.err
+    else:
+        assert "Deprecated image" not in captured.err