Bump version: v2.19.1

fix: specify full path to non-venv Python (#1881 )
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
2024-06-13 02:38:27 -04:00 · 2024-06-13 08:18:09 +02:00 · 2024-06-12 23:16:49 -04:00 · 2024-06-12 11:32:27 -04:00 · 2024-06-12 10:46:24 -04:00 · 2024-06-11 21:24:44 +02:00
80 changed files with 2229 additions and 698 deletions
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ jobs:
      run: pipx run nox -s pylint -- --output-format=github
  test:
-    name: Test cibuildwheel on ${{ matrix.os }} (${{ matrix.python_version }})
+    name: Test on ${{ matrix.os }} (${{ matrix.python_version }})
    needs: lint
    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
    strategy:
@@ -49,6 +49,8 @@ jobs:
      with:
        python-version: ${{ matrix.python_version }}
    - uses: yezz123/setup-uv@v4
    # Install podman on this CI instance for podman tests on linux
    # Snippet from: https://github.com/redhat-actions/podman-login/blob/main/.github/workflows/example.yml
    - name: Install latest podman
@@ -69,7 +71,7 @@ jobs:
    - name: Install dependencies
      run: |
-        python -m pip install ".[test]"
+        uv pip install --system ".[test]"
    - name: Generate a sample project
      run: |
@@ -82,6 +84,9 @@ jobs:
        output-dir: wheelhouse
      env:
        CIBW_ARCHS_MACOS: x86_64 universal2 arm64
        CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND: 'build[uv]'
        CIBW_FREE_THREADED_SUPPORT: 1
        CIBW_PRERELEASE_PYTHONS: 1
    - name: Run a sample build (GitHub Action, only)
      uses: ./
@@ -125,19 +130,41 @@ jobs:
      run: |
        python ./bin/run_tests.py --run-podman
-  test-emulated:
+  emulated-archs:
-    name: Test emulated cibuildwheel using qemu
+    name: Get qemu emulated architectures
    needs: lint
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 180
+    outputs:
      archs: ${{ steps.archs.outputs.archs }}
    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
    - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
      with:
        python-version: "3.x"
    - name: Install dependencies
      run: python -m pip install ".[test]"
    - name: Get qemu emulated architectures
      id: archs
      run: |
-        python -m pip install ".[test]"
+        OUTPUT=$(python -c "from json import dumps; from test.utils import EMULATED_ARCHS; print(dumps(EMULATED_ARCHS))")
        echo "${OUTPUT}"
        echo "archs=${OUTPUT}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
  test-emulated:
    name: Test Linux ${{ matrix.arch }} using qemu
    needs: emulated-archs
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 180
    strategy:
      matrix:
        arch: ${{ fromJSON(needs.emulated-archs.outputs.archs) }}
    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
    - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
      with:
        python-version: "3.x"
    - name: Install dependencies
      run: python -m pip install ".[test,uv]"
    - name: Set up QEMU
      id: qemu
@@ -146,5 +173,38 @@ jobs:
        platforms: all
    - name: Run the emulation tests
      run: pytest --run-emulation ${{ matrix.arch }} test/test_emulation.py
  test-pyodide:
    name: Test cibuildwheel building pyodide wheels
    needs: lint
    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
    timeout-minutes: 180
    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
    - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
      name: Install Python 3.12
      with:
        python-version: '3.12'
    - name: Install dependencies
      run: |
-        pytest --run-emulation test/test_emulation.py
+        python -m pip install ".[test]"
    - name: Generate a sample project
      run: |
        python -m test.test_projects test.test_0_basic.basic_project sample_proj
    - name: Run a sample build (GitHub Action)
      uses: ./
      with:
        package-dir: sample_proj
        output-dir: wheelhouse
      env:
        CIBW_PLATFORM: pyodide
    - name: Run tests with 'CIBW_PLATFORM' set to 'pyodide'
      run: |
        python ./bin/run_tests.py
      env:
        CIBW_PLATFORM: pyodide
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ repos:
  - id: trailing-whitespace
 - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
-  rev: v0.4.4
+  rev: v0.4.8
  hooks:
  - id: ruff
    args: ["--fix", "--show-fixes"]
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ repos:
      - types-jinja2
      - types-pyyaml
      - types-requests
      - uv
      - validate-pyproject
  - id: mypy
    name: mypy 3.12
@@ -68,15 +69,15 @@ repos:
    files: ^docs/changelog.md$
 - repo: https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell
-  rev: v2.2.6
+  rev: v2.3.0
  hooks:
  - id: codespell
-    args: ["-L", "sur", "-w"]
+    args: ["-L", "sur,assertin", "-w"]
    exclude: ^docs/working-examples\.md$  # Autogenerated
 - repo: https://github.com/python-jsonschema/check-jsonschema
-  rev: 0.28.3
+  rev: 0.28.4
  hooks:
    - id: check-dependabot
    - id: check-github-actions
@@ -22,24 +22,25 @@ Python wheels are great. Building them across **Mac, Linux, Windows**, on **mult
 What does it do?
 ----------------
-|                | macOS Intel | macOS Apple Silicon | Windows 64bit | Windows 32bit | Windows Arm64 | manylinux<br/>musllinux x86_64 | manylinux<br/>musllinux i686 | manylinux<br/>musllinux aarch64 | manylinux<br/>musllinux ppc64le | manylinux<br/>musllinux s390x |
+|                | macOS Intel | macOS Apple Silicon | Windows 64bit | Windows 32bit | Windows Arm64 | manylinux<br/>musllinux x86_64 | manylinux<br/>musllinux i686 | manylinux<br/>musllinux aarch64 | manylinux<br/>musllinux ppc64le | manylinux<br/>musllinux s390x | Pyodide |
-|----------------|----|-----|-----|-----|-----|----|-----|----|-----|-----|
+|----------------|----|-----|-----|-----|-----|----|-----|----|-----|-----|-----|
-| CPython 3.6    | ✅ | N/A | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | ✅  | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  |
+| CPython 3.6    | ✅ | N/A | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | ✅  | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A |
-| CPython 3.7    | ✅ | N/A | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  |
+| CPython 3.7    | ✅ | N/A | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A |
-| CPython 3.8    | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  |
+| CPython 3.8    | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A |
-| CPython 3.9    | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  |
+| CPython 3.9    | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A |
-| CPython 3.10   | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  |
+| CPython 3.10   | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A |
-| CPython 3.11   | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  |
+| CPython 3.11   | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A |
-| CPython 3.12   | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  |
+| CPython 3.12   | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅⁴ |
-| CPython 3.13³  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  |
+| CPython 3.13³  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A |
-| PyPy 3.7 v7.3  | ✅ | N/A | ✅  | N/A | N/A | ✅¹ | ✅¹  | ✅¹ | N/A | N/A |
+| PyPy 3.7 v7.3  | ✅ | N/A | ✅  | N/A | N/A | ✅¹ | ✅¹  | ✅¹ | N/A | N/A | N/A |
-| PyPy 3.8 v7.3  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | N/A | ✅¹ | ✅¹  | ✅¹ | N/A | N/A |
+| PyPy 3.8 v7.3  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | N/A | ✅¹ | ✅¹  | ✅¹ | N/A | N/A | N/A |
-| PyPy 3.9 v7.3  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | N/A | ✅¹ | ✅¹  | ✅¹ | N/A | N/A |
+| PyPy 3.9 v7.3  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | N/A | ✅¹ | ✅¹  | ✅¹ | N/A | N/A | N/A |
-| PyPy 3.10 v7.3 | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | N/A | ✅¹ | ✅¹  | ✅¹ | N/A | N/A |
+| PyPy 3.10 v7.3 | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | N/A | ✅¹ | ✅¹  | ✅¹ | N/A | N/A | N/A |
 <sup>¹ PyPy is only supported for manylinux wheels.</sup><br>
 <sup>² Windows arm64 support is experimental.</sup><br>
-<sup>³ CPython 3.13 is available using the [CIBW_PRERELEASE_PYTHONS](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#prerelease-pythons) option.</sup><br>
+<sup>³ CPython 3.13 is available using the [`CIBW_PRERELEASE_PYTHONS`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#prerelease-pythons) option. Free-threaded mode requires opt-in.</sup><br>
 <sup>⁴ Experimental, not yet supported on PyPI, but can be used directly in web deployment. Use `--platform pyodide` to build.</sup><br>
 - Builds manylinux, musllinux, macOS 10.9+, and Windows wheels for CPython and PyPy
 - Works on GitHub Actions, Azure Pipelines, Travis CI, AppVeyor, CircleCI, GitLab CI, and Cirrus CI
@@ -93,7 +94,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
      - name: Install cibuildwheel
-        run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.18.1
+        run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.19.1
      - name: Build wheels
        run: python -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
@@ -163,9 +164,9 @@ Here are some repos that use cibuildwheel.
 | [Tornado][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] ![apple icon][] ![windows icon][] | Tornado is a Python web framework and asynchronous networking library. Uses stable ABI for a small C extension. |
 | [Matplotlib][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The venerable Matplotlib, a Python library with C++ portions |
 | [NCNN][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | ncnn is a high-performance neural network inference framework optimized for the mobile platform |
 | [duckdb][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | DuckDB is an analytical in-process SQL database management system |
 | [Prophet][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Tool for producing high quality forecasts for time series data that has multiple seasonality with linear or non-linear growth. |
 | [MyPy][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | The compiled version of MyPy using MyPyC. |
 | [duckdb][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | DuckDB is an in-process SQL OLAP Database Management System |
 | [Kivy][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Open source UI framework written in Python, running on Windows, Linux, macOS, Android and iOS |
 [scikit-learn]: https://github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn
@@ -174,9 +175,9 @@ Here are some repos that use cibuildwheel.
 [Tornado]: https://github.com/tornadoweb/tornado
 [Matplotlib]: https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib
 [NCNN]: https://github.com/Tencent/ncnn
 [duckdb]: https://github.com/duckdb/duckdb
 [Prophet]: https://github.com/facebook/prophet
 [MyPy]: https://github.com/mypyc/mypy_mypyc-wheels
 [duckdb]: https://github.com/duckdb/duckdb
 [Kivy]: https://github.com/kivy/kivy
 [appveyor icon]: docs/data/readme_icons/appveyor.svg
@@ -210,6 +211,33 @@ Changelog
 <!-- this section was generated by bin/update_readme_changelog.py -- do not edit manually -->
 ### v2.19.1
 - 🐛 Don't require setup-python on GHA for Pyodide (#1868)
 - 🐛 Specify full python path for uv (fixes issue in 0.2.10 & 0.2.11) (#1881)
 - 🛠 Update for pip 24.1b2 on CPython 3.13. (#1879)
 - 🛠 Fix a warning in our schema generation script. (#1866)
 - 🛠 Cleaner output on pytest 8-8.2. (#1865)
 ### v2.19.0
 See the [release post](https://iscinumpy.dev/post/cibuildwheel-2-19-0/) for more info on new features!
 - 🌟 Add Pyodide platform. Set with `--platform pyodide` or `CIBW_PLATFORM: pyodide` on Linux with a host Python 3.12 to build WebAssembly wheels. Not accepted on PyPI currently, but usable directly in a website using Pyodide, for live docs, etc. (#1456, #1859)
 - 🌟 Add `build[uv]` backend, which will take a pre-existing uv install (or install `cibuildwheel[uv]`) and use `uv` for all environment setup and installs on Python 3.8+. This is significantly faster in most cases. (#1856)
 - ✨ Add free-threaded macOS builds and update CPython to 3.13.0b2. (#1854)
 - 🐛 Issue copying a wheel to a non-existent output dir fixed. (#1851, #1862)
 - 🐛 Better determinism for the test environment seeding. (#1835)
 - 🛠 `VIRTUAL_ENV` variable now set. (#1842)
 - 🛠 Remove a pip<21.3 workaround. (#1842)
 - 🛠 Error handling was refactored to use exceptions. (#1719)
 - 🛠 Hardcoded paths in tests avoided. (#1834)
 - 🛠 Single Python tests made more generic. (#1835)
 - 🛠 Sped up our ci by splitting up emulation tests. (#1839)
 ### v2.18.1
 - 🌟 Add free-threaded Linux and Windows builds for 3.13. New identifiers `cp313t-*`, new option `CIBW_FREE_THREADED_SUPPORT`/`tool.cibuildwheel.free-threaded-support` required to opt-in. [See the docs](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#free-threaded-support) for more information. (#1831)
@@ -256,20 +284,6 @@ _11 March 2024_
 - 📚 Moved the docs onto the official PyPA domain - they're now available at https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io . (#1775)
 - 📚 Docs and examples improvements (#1762, #1734)
 ### v2.16.5
 _30 January 2024_
 - 🐛 Fix an incompatibility with the GitHub Action and new GitHub Runner images for Windows that bundle Powershell 7.3+ (#1741)
 - 🛠 Preliminary support for new `macos-14` arm64 runners (#1743)
 ### v2.16.4
 _28 January 2024_
 - 🛠 Update manylinux pins to upgrade from a problematic PyPy version. (#1737)
 <!-- END bin/update_readme_changelog.py -->
 ---
@@ -24,11 +24,11 @@ branding:
 runs:
  using: composite
  steps:
-    # Set up a non-EOL, cibuildwheel & pipx supported Python version
+    # Set up the version of Python that supports pyodide
    - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
      id: python
      with:
-        python-version: "3.8 - 3.12"
+        python-version: "3.12"
        update-environment: false
    - id: cibw
@@ -48,19 +48,21 @@ properties:
    type: string_array
  build-frontend:
    default: default
-    description: Set the tool to use to build, either "pip" (default for now) or "build"
+    description: Set the tool to use to build, either "pip" (default for now), "build", or "build[uv]"
    oneOf:
-      - enum: [pip, build, default]
+      - enum: [pip, build, "build[uv]", default]
      - type: string
        pattern: '^pip; ?args:'
      - type: string
        pattern: '^build; ?args:'
      - type: string
        pattern: '^build\\[uv\\]; ?args:'
      - type: object
        additionalProperties: false
        required: [name]
        properties:
          name:
-            enum: [pip, build]
+            enum: [pip, build, "build[uv]"]
          args:
            type: array
            items:
@@ -280,6 +282,7 @@ oses = {
    "linux": as_object(non_global_options),
    "windows": as_object(not_linux),
    "macos": as_object(not_linux),
    "pyodide": as_object(not_linux),
 }
 oses["linux"]["properties"]["repair-wheel-command"] = {
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 from __future__ import annotations
 import difflib
 import logging
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Final
 import click
 import packaging.specifiers
 import requests
 import rich
 from packaging.version import InvalidVersion, Version
 from rich.logging import RichHandler
 from rich.syntax import Syntax
 from cibuildwheel._compat import tomllib
 log = logging.getLogger("cibw")
 # Looking up the dir instead of using utils.resources_dir
 # since we want to write to it.
 DIR: Final[Path] = Path(__file__).parent.parent.resolve()
 RESOURCES_DIR: Final[Path] = DIR / "cibuildwheel/resources"
 NODEJS_DIST: Final[str] = "https://nodejs.org/dist/"
 NODEJS_INDEX: Final[str] = f"{NODEJS_DIST}index.json"
@dataclass(frozen=True, order=True)
 class VersionTuple:
    version: Version
    version_string: str
 def parse_nodejs_index() -> list[VersionTuple]:
    versions: list[VersionTuple] = []
    response = requests.get(NODEJS_INDEX)
    response.raise_for_status()
    versions_info = response.json()
    for version_info in versions_info:
        version_string = version_info.get("version", "???")
        if not version_info.get("lts", False):
            log.debug("Ignoring non LTS release %r", version_string)
            continue
        if "linux-x64" not in version_info.get("files", []):
            log.warning(
                "Ignoring release %r which does not include a linux-x64 binary", version_string
            )
            continue
        try:
            version = Version(version_string)
            if version.is_devrelease:
                log.info("Ignoring development release %r", str(version))
                continue
            if version.is_prerelease:
                log.info("Ignoring pre-release %r", str(version))
                continue
            versions.append(VersionTuple(version, version_string))
        except InvalidVersion:
            log.warning("Ignoring release %r", version_string)
    versions.sort(reverse=True)
    return versions
@click.command()
@click.option("--force", is_flag=True)
@click.option(
    "--level", default="INFO", type=click.Choice(["WARNING", "INFO", "DEBUG"], case_sensitive=False)
 )
 def update_nodejs(force: bool, level: str) -> None:
    logging.basicConfig(
        level="INFO",
        format="%(message)s",
        datefmt="[%X]",
        handlers=[RichHandler(rich_tracebacks=True, markup=True)],
    )
    log.setLevel(level)
    toml_file_path = RESOURCES_DIR / "nodejs.toml"
    original_toml = toml_file_path.read_text()
    with toml_file_path.open("rb") as f:
        nodejs_data = tomllib.load(f)
    nodejs_data.pop("url")
    major_versions = [VersionTuple(Version(key), key) for key in nodejs_data]
    major_versions.sort(reverse=True)
    versions = parse_nodejs_index()
    # update existing versions, 1 per LTS
    for major_version in major_versions:
        current = Version(nodejs_data[major_version.version_string])
        specifier = packaging.specifiers.SpecifierSet(
            specifiers=f"=={major_version.version.major}.*"
        )
        for version in versions:
            if specifier.contains(version.version) and version.version > current:
                nodejs_data[major_version.version_string] = version.version_string
                break
    # check for a new major LTS to insert
    if versions and versions[0].version.major > major_versions[0].version.major:
        major_versions.insert(
            0,
            VersionTuple(Version(str(versions[0].version.major)), f"v{versions[0].version.major}"),
        )
        nodejs_data[major_versions[0].version_string] = versions[0].version_string
    versions_toml = "\n".join(
        f'{major_version.version_string} = "{nodejs_data[major_version.version_string]}"'
        for major_version in major_versions
    )
    result_toml = f'url = "{NODEJS_DIST}"\n{versions_toml}\n'
    rich.print()  # spacer
    if original_toml == result_toml:
        rich.print("[green]Check complete, nodejs version unchanged.")
        return
    rich.print("nodejs version updated.")
    rich.print("Changes:")
    rich.print()
    toml_relpath = toml_file_path.relative_to(DIR).as_posix()
    diff_lines = difflib.unified_diff(
        original_toml.splitlines(keepends=True),
        result_toml.splitlines(keepends=True),
        fromfile=toml_relpath,
        tofile=toml_relpath,
    )
    rich.print(Syntax("".join(diff_lines), "diff", theme="ansi_light"))
    rich.print()
    if force:
        toml_file_path.write_text(result_toml)
        rich.print("[green]TOML file updated.")
    else:
        rich.print("[yellow]File left unchanged. Use --force flag to update.")
 if __name__ == "__main__":
    update_nodejs()
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
-__version__ = "2.18.1"
+__version__ = "2.19.1"
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 import argparse
 import dataclasses
 import os
 import shutil
 import sys
 import tarfile
 import textwrap
 import traceback
 import typing
 from collections.abc import Iterable, Sequence, Set
 from pathlib import Path
@@ -15,8 +17,10 @@ from typing import Protocol
 import cibuildwheel
 import cibuildwheel.linux
 import cibuildwheel.macos
 import cibuildwheel.pyodide
 import cibuildwheel.util
 import cibuildwheel.windows
 from cibuildwheel import errors
 from cibuildwheel._compat.typing import assert_never
 from cibuildwheel.architecture import Architecture, allowed_architectures_check
 from cibuildwheel.logger import log
@@ -30,10 +34,38 @@ from cibuildwheel.util import (
    chdir,
    detect_ci_provider,
    fix_ansi_codes_for_github_actions,
    strtobool,
 )
@dataclasses.dataclass
 class GlobalOptions:
    print_traceback_on_error: bool = True  # decides what happens when errors are hit.
 def main() -> None:
    global_options = GlobalOptions()
    try:
        main_inner(global_options)
    except errors.FatalError as e:
        message = e.args[0]
        if log.step_active:
            log.step_end_with_error(message)
        else:
            print(f"cibuildwheel: {message}", file=sys.stderr)
        if global_options.print_traceback_on_error:
            traceback.print_exc(file=sys.stderr)
        sys.exit(e.return_code)
 def main_inner(global_options: GlobalOptions) -> None:
    """
    `main_inner` is the same as `main`, but it raises FatalError exceptions
    rather than exiting directly.
    """
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
        description="Build wheels for all the platforms.",
        epilog="""
@@ -45,7 +77,7 @@ def main() -> None:
    parser.add_argument(
        "--platform",
-        choices=["auto", "linux", "macos", "windows"],
+        choices=["auto", "linux", "macos", "windows", "pyodide"],
        default=None,
        help="""
            Platform to build for. Use this option to override the
@@ -131,8 +163,17 @@ def main() -> None:
        help="Enable pre-release Python versions if available.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--debug-traceback",
        action="store_true",
        default=strtobool(os.environ.get("CIBW_DEBUG_TRACEBACK", "0")),
        help="Print a full traceback for all errors",
    )
    args = CommandLineArguments(**vars(parser.parse_args()))
    global_options.print_traceback_on_error = args.debug_traceback
    args.package_dir = args.package_dir.resolve()
    # This are always relative to the base directory, even in SDist builds
@@ -176,11 +217,10 @@ def _compute_platform_only(only: str) -> PlatformName:
        return "macos"
    if "win_" in only or "win32" in only:
        return "windows"
-    print(
+    if "pyodide_" in only:
-        f"Invalid --only='{only}', must be a build selector with a known platform",
+        return "pyodide"
-        file=sys.stderr,
+    msg = f"Invalid --only='{only}', must be a build selector with a known platform"
-    )
+    raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg)
    sys.exit(2)
 def _compute_platform_auto() -> PlatformName:
@@ -191,34 +231,27 @@ def _compute_platform_auto() -> PlatformName:
    elif sys.platform == "win32":
        return "windows"
    else:
-        print(
+        msg = (
            'cibuildwheel: Unable to detect platform from "sys.platform". cibuildwheel doesn\'t '
            "support building wheels for this platform. You might be able to build for a different "
-            "platform using the --platform argument. Check --help output for more information.",
+            "platform using the --platform argument. Check --help output for more information."
            file=sys.stderr,
        )
-        sys.exit(2)
+        raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg)
 def _compute_platform(args: CommandLineArguments) -> PlatformName:
    platform_option_value = args.platform or os.environ.get("CIBW_PLATFORM", "auto")
    if args.only and args.platform is not None:
-        print(
+        msg = "--platform cannot be specified with --only, it is computed from --only"
-            "--platform cannot be specified with --only, it is computed from --only",
+        raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg)
            file=sys.stderr,
        )
        sys.exit(2)
    if args.only and args.archs is not None:
-        print(
+        msg = "--arch cannot be specified with --only, it is computed from --only"
-            "--arch cannot be specified with --only, it is computed from --only",
+        raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg)
            file=sys.stderr,
        )
        sys.exit(2)
    if platform_option_value not in PLATFORMS | {"auto"}:
-        print(f"cibuildwheel: Unsupported platform: {platform_option_value}", file=sys.stderr)
+        msg = f"Unsupported platform: {platform_option_value}"
-        sys.exit(2)
+        raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg)
    if args.only:
        return _compute_platform_only(args.only)
@@ -246,11 +279,18 @@ def get_platform_module(platform: PlatformName) -> PlatformModule:
        return cibuildwheel.windows
    if platform == "macos":
        return cibuildwheel.macos
    if platform == "pyodide":
        return cibuildwheel.pyodide
    assert_never(platform)
 def build_in_directory(args: CommandLineArguments) -> None:
    platform: PlatformName = _compute_platform(args)
    if platform == "pyodide" and sys.platform == "win32":
        msg = "cibuildwheel: Building for pyodide is not supported on Windows"
        print(msg, file=sys.stderr)
        sys.exit(2)
    options = compute_options(platform=platform, command_line_arguments=args, env=os.environ)
    package_dir = options.globals.package_dir
@@ -258,9 +298,8 @@ def build_in_directory(args: CommandLineArguments) -> None:
    if not any(package_dir.joinpath(name).exists() for name in package_files):
        names = ", ".join(sorted(package_files, reverse=True))
-        msg = f"cibuildwheel: Could not find any of {{{names}}} at root of package"
+        msg = f"Could not find any of {{{names}}} at root of package"
-        print(msg, file=sys.stderr)
+        raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg)
        sys.exit(2)
    platform_module = get_platform_module(platform)
    identifiers = get_build_identifiers(
@@ -291,16 +330,14 @@ def build_in_directory(args: CommandLineArguments) -> None:
        options.check_for_invalid_configuration(identifiers)
        allowed_architectures_check(platform, options.globals.architectures)
    except ValueError as err:
-        print("cibuildwheel:", *err.args, file=sys.stderr)
+        raise errors.DeprecationError(*err.args) from err
        sys.exit(4)
    if not identifiers:
-        print(
+        message = f"No build identifiers selected: {options.globals.build_selector}"
-            f"cibuildwheel: No build identifiers selected: {options.globals.build_selector}",
+        if args.allow_empty:
-            file=sys.stderr,
+            print(f"cibuildwheel: {message}", file=sys.stderr)
-        )
+        else:
-        if not args.allow_empty:
+            raise errors.NothingToDoError(message)
            sys.exit(3)
    output_dir = options.globals.output_dir
@@ -355,7 +392,9 @@ def print_preamble(platform: str, options: Options, identifiers: Sequence[str])
 def get_build_identifiers(
-    platform_module: PlatformModule, build_selector: BuildSelector, architectures: Set[Architecture]
+    platform_module: PlatformModule,
    build_selector: BuildSelector,
    architectures: Set[Architecture],
 ) -> list[str]:
    python_configurations = platform_module.get_python_configurations(build_selector, architectures)
    return [config.identifier for config in python_configurations]
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ PRETTY_NAMES: Final[dict[PlatformName, str]] = {
    "linux": "Linux",
    "macos": "macOS",
    "windows": "Windows",
    "pyodide": "Pyodide",
 }
 ARCH_SYNONYMS: Final[list[dict[PlatformName, str | None]]] = [
@@ -46,6 +47,9 @@ class Architecture(Enum):
    AMD64 = "AMD64"
    ARM64 = "ARM64"
    # WebAssembly
    wasm32 = "wasm32"
    # Allow this to be sorted
    def __lt__(self, other: Architecture) -> bool:
        return self.value < other.value
@@ -72,8 +76,9 @@ class Architecture(Enum):
        return result
    @staticmethod
-    def auto_archs(platform: PlatformName) -> set[Architecture]:
+    def native_arch(platform: PlatformName) -> Architecture | None:
-        native_machine = platform_module.machine()
+        if platform == "pyodide":
            return Architecture.wasm32
        # Cross-platform support. Used for --print-build-identifiers or docker builds.
        host_platform: PlatformName = (
@@ -82,6 +87,7 @@ class Architecture(Enum):
            else ("macos" if sys.platform.startswith("darwin") else "linux")
        )
        native_machine = platform_module.machine()
        native_architecture = Architecture(native_machine)
        # we might need to rename the native arch to the machine we're running
@@ -93,11 +99,18 @@ class Architecture(Enum):
                    if synonym is None:
                        # can't build anything on this platform
-                        return set()
+                        return None
                    native_architecture = Architecture(synonym)
-        result = {native_architecture}
+        return native_architecture
    @staticmethod
    def auto_archs(platform: PlatformName) -> set[Architecture]:
        native_arch = Architecture.native_arch(platform)
        if native_arch is None:
            return set()  # can't build anything on this platform
        result = {native_arch}
        if platform == "linux" and Architecture.x86_64 in result:
            # x86_64 machines can run i686 containers
@@ -120,6 +133,7 @@ class Architecture(Enum):
            },
            "macos": {Architecture.x86_64, Architecture.arm64, Architecture.universal2},
            "windows": {Architecture.x86, Architecture.AMD64, Architecture.ARM64},
            "pyodide": {Architecture.wasm32},
        }
        return all_archs_map[platform]
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
 """
 Errors that can cause the build to fail. Each subclass of FatalError has
 a different return code, by defining them all here, we can ensure that they're
 semantically clear and unique.
 """
 class FatalError(BaseException):
    """
    Raising an error of this type will cause the message to be printed to
    stderr and the process to be terminated. Within cibuildwheel, raising this
    exception produces a better error message, and optional traceback.
    """
    return_code: int = 1
 class ConfigurationError(FatalError):
    return_code = 2
 class NothingToDoError(FatalError):
    return_code = 3
 class DeprecationError(FatalError):
    return_code = 4
@@ -8,6 +8,9 @@ from dataclasses import dataclass
 from pathlib import Path, PurePath, PurePosixPath
 from typing import OrderedDict, Tuple
 from packaging.version import Version
 from . import errors
 from ._compat.typing import assert_never
 from .architecture import Architecture
 from .logger import log
@@ -145,11 +148,7 @@ def check_all_python_exist(
            exist = False
    if not exist:
        message = "\n".join(messages)
-        print(
+        raise errors.FatalError(message)
            f"cibuildwheel:\n{message}",
            file=sys.stderr,
        )
        sys.exit(1)
 def build_in_container(
@@ -194,6 +193,8 @@ def build_in_container(
        log.build_start(config.identifier)
        build_options = options.build_options(config.identifier)
        build_frontend = build_options.build_frontend or BuildFrontendConfig("pip")
        use_uv = build_frontend.name == "build[uv]" and Version(config.version) >= Version("3.8")
        pip = ["uv", "pip"] if use_uv else ["pip"]
        dependency_constraint_flags: list[PathOrStr] = []
@@ -221,19 +222,19 @@ def build_in_container(
        # check config python is still on PATH
        which_python = container.call(["which", "python"], env=env, capture_output=True).strip()
        if PurePosixPath(which_python) != python_bin / "python":
-            print(
+            msg = "python available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert python above it."
-                "cibuildwheel: python available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert python above it.",
+            raise errors.FatalError(msg)
                file=sys.stderr,
            )
            sys.exit(1)
-        which_pip = container.call(["which", "pip"], env=env, capture_output=True).strip()
+        if use_uv:
-        if PurePosixPath(which_pip) != python_bin / "pip":
+            which_uv = container.call(["which", "uv"], env=env, capture_output=True).strip()
-            print(
+            if not which_uv:
-                "cibuildwheel: pip available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert pip above it.",
+                msg = "uv not found on PATH. You must use a supported manylinux or musllinux environment with uv."
-                file=sys.stderr,
+                raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-            )
+        else:
-            sys.exit(1)
+            which_pip = container.call(["which", "pip"], env=env, capture_output=True).strip()
            if PurePosixPath(which_pip) != python_bin / "pip":
                msg = "pip available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert pip above it."
                raise errors.FatalError(msg)
        compatible_wheel = find_compatible_wheel(built_wheels, config.identifier)
        if compatible_wheel:
@@ -277,10 +278,12 @@ def build_in_container(
                    ],
                    env=env,
                )
-            elif build_frontend.name == "build":
+            elif build_frontend.name == "build" or build_frontend.name == "build[uv]":
                if not 0 <= build_options.build_verbosity < 2:
                    msg = f"build_verbosity {build_options.build_verbosity} is not supported for build frontend. Ignoring."
                    log.warning(msg)
                if use_uv:
                    extra_flags += ["--installer=uv"]
                container.call(
                    [
                        "python",
@@ -325,20 +328,32 @@ def build_in_container(
            # set up a virtual environment to install and test from, to make sure
            # there are no dependencies that were pulled in at build time.
-            container.call(["pip", "install", "virtualenv", *dependency_constraint_flags], env=env)
+            if not use_uv:
                container.call(
                    ["pip", "install", "virtualenv", *dependency_constraint_flags], env=env
                )
            testing_temp_dir = PurePosixPath(
                container.call(["mktemp", "-d"], capture_output=True).strip()
            )
            venv_dir = testing_temp_dir / "venv"
-            container.call(["python", "-m", "virtualenv", "--no-download", venv_dir], env=env)
+            if use_uv:
                container.call(["uv", "venv", venv_dir], env=env)
            else:
                # Use embedded dependencies from virtualenv to ensure determinism
                venv_args = ["--no-periodic-update", "--pip=embed"]
                # In Python<3.12, setuptools & wheel are installed as well
                if Version(config.version) < Version("3.12"):
                    venv_args.extend(("--setuptools=embed", "--wheel=embed"))
                container.call(["python", "-m", "virtualenv", *venv_args, venv_dir], env=env)
            virtualenv_env = env.copy()
            virtualenv_env["PATH"] = f"{venv_dir / 'bin'}:{virtualenv_env['PATH']}"
            virtualenv_env["VIRTUAL_ENV"] = str(venv_dir)
            # TODO remove me once virtualenv provides pip>=24.1b1
-            if config.version == "3.13":
+            if config.version == "3.13" and not use_uv:
                container.call(["pip", "install", "pip>=24.1b1"], env=virtualenv_env)
            if build_options.before_test:
@@ -357,13 +372,13 @@ def build_in_container(
            # Let's just pick the first one.
            wheel_to_test = repaired_wheels[0]
            container.call(
-                ["pip", "install", str(wheel_to_test) + build_options.test_extras],
+                [*pip, "install", str(wheel_to_test) + build_options.test_extras],
                env=virtualenv_env,
            )
            # Install any requirements to run the tests
            if build_options.test_requires:
-                container.call(["pip", "install", *build_options.test_requires], env=virtualenv_env)
+                container.call([*pip, "install", *build_options.test_requires], env=virtualenv_env)
            # Run the tests from a different directory
            test_command_prepared = prepare_command(
@@ -419,21 +434,18 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:  # noqa: ARG001
                check=True,
                stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
            )
-        except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
+        except subprocess.CalledProcessError as error:
-            print(
+            msg = unwrap(
-                unwrap(
+                f"""
-                    f"""
+                cibuildwheel: {build_step.container_engine.name} not found. An
-                    cibuildwheel: {build_step.container_engine.name} not found. An
+                OCI exe like Docker or Podman is required to run Linux builds.
-                    OCI exe like Docker or Podman is required to run Linux builds.
+                If you're building on Travis CI, add `services: [docker]` to
-                    If you're building on Travis CI, add `services: [docker]` to
+                your .travis.yml. If you're building on Circle CI in Linux,
-                    your .travis.yml. If you're building on Circle CI in Linux,
+                add a `setup_remote_docker` step to your .circleci/config.yml.
-                    add a `setup_remote_docker` step to your .circleci/config.yml.
+                If you're building on Cirrus CI, use `docker_builder` task.
-                    If you're building on Cirrus CI, use `docker_builder` task.
+                """
                    """
                ),
                file=sys.stderr,
            )
-            sys.exit(2)
+            raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg) from error
        try:
            ids_to_build = [x.identifier for x in build_step.platform_configs]
@@ -456,11 +468,9 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:  # noqa: ARG001
                )
        except subprocess.CalledProcessError as error:
            log.step_end_with_error(
                f"Command {error.cmd} failed with code {error.returncode}. {error.stdout}"
            )
            troubleshoot(options, error)
-            sys.exit(1)
+            msg = f"Command {error.cmd} failed with code {error.returncode}. {error.stdout or ''}"
            raise errors.FatalError(msg) from error
 def _matches_prepared_command(error_cmd: Sequence[str], command_template: str) -> bool:
@@ -479,7 +489,6 @@ def troubleshoot(options: Options, error: Exception) -> None:
        )  # TODO allow matching of overrides too?
    ):
        # the wheel build step or the repair step failed
        print("Checking for common errors...")
        so_files = list(options.globals.package_dir.glob("**/*.so"))
        if so_files:
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ PLATFORM_IDENTIFIER_DESCRIPTIONS: Final[dict[str, str]] = {
    "macosx_x86_64": "macOS x86_64",
    "macosx_universal2": "macOS Universal 2 - x86_64 and arm64",
    "macosx_arm64": "macOS arm64 - Apple Silicon",
    "pyodide_wasm32": "Pyodide",
 }
@@ -151,6 +152,10 @@ class Logger:
            c = self.colors
            print(f"{c.bright_red}Error{c.end}: {error}\n", file=sys.stderr)
    @property
    def step_active(self) -> bool:
        return self.step_start_time is not None
    def _start_fold_group(self, name: str) -> None:
        self._end_fold_group()
        self.active_fold_group_name = name
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 import contextlib
 import functools
 import os
 import platform
@@ -15,7 +14,9 @@ from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Literal, Tuple
 from filelock import FileLock
 from packaging.version import Version
 from . import errors
 from ._compat.typing import assert_never
 from .architecture import Architecture
 from .environment import ParsedEnvironment
@@ -30,12 +31,16 @@ from .util import (
    BuildSelector,
    NonPlatformWheelError,
    call,
    combine_constraints,
    detect_ci_provider,
    download,
    find_compatible_wheel,
    find_uv,
    free_thread_enable_313,
    get_build_verbosity_extra_flags,
    get_pip_version,
    install_certifi_script,
    move_file,
    prepare_command,
    read_python_configs,
    shell,
@@ -46,6 +51,7 @@ from .util import (
 )
@functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None)
 def get_macos_version() -> tuple[int, int]:
    """
    Returns the macOS major/minor version, as a tuple, e.g. (10, 15) or (11, 0)
@@ -57,9 +63,29 @@ def get_macos_version() -> tuple[int, int]:
    """
    version_str, _, _ = platform.mac_ver()
    version = tuple(map(int, version_str.split(".")[:2]))
    if (10, 15) < version < (11, 0):
        # When built against an older macOS SDK, Python will report macOS 10.16
        # instead of the real version.
        version_str = call(
            sys.executable,
            "-sS",
            "-c",
            "import platform; print(platform.mac_ver()[0])",
            env={"SYSTEM_VERSION_COMPAT": "0"},
            capture_stdout=True,
        )
        version = tuple(map(int, version_str.split(".")[:2]))
    return typing.cast(Tuple[int, int], version)
@functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None)
 def get_test_macosx_deployment_target() -> str:
    version = get_macos_version()
    if version >= (11, 0):
        return f"{version[0]}.0"
    return f"{version[0]}.{version[1]}"
 def get_macos_sdks() -> list[str]:
    output = call("xcodebuild", "-showsdks", capture_stdout=True)
    return [m.group(1) for m in re.finditer(r"-sdk (macosx\S+)", output)]
@@ -114,35 +140,44 @@ def get_python_configurations(
    return python_configurations
-def install_cpython(tmp: Path, version: str, url: str) -> Path:
+def install_cpython(tmp: Path, version: str, url: str, free_threading: bool) -> Path:
-    installation_path = Path(f"/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/{version}")
+    ft = "T" if free_threading else ""
    installation_path = Path(f"/Library/Frameworks/Python{ft}.framework/Versions/{version}")
    with FileLock(CIBW_CACHE_PATH / f"cpython{version}.lock"):
        installed_system_packages = call("pkgutil", "--pkgs", capture_stdout=True).splitlines()
        # if this version of python isn't installed, get it from python.org and install
-        python_package_identifier = f"org.python.Python.PythonFramework-{version}"
+        python_package_identifier = f"org.python.Python.Python{ft}Framework-{version}"
        if python_package_identifier not in installed_system_packages:
            if detect_ci_provider() is None:
                # if running locally, we don't want to install CPython with sudo
                # let the user know & provide a link to the installer
-                print(
+                msg = (
                    f"Error: CPython {version} is not installed.\n"
                    "cibuildwheel will not perform system-wide installs when running outside of CI.\n"
                    f"To build locally, install CPython {version} on this machine, or, disable this version of Python using CIBW_SKIP=cp{version.replace('.', '')}-macosx_*\n"
-                    f"\nDownload link: {url}",
+                    f"\nDownload link: {url}"
                    file=sys.stderr,
                )
-                raise SystemExit(1)
+                raise errors.FatalError(msg)
            pkg_path = tmp / "Python.pkg"
            # download the pkg
            download(url, pkg_path)
            # install
-            call("sudo", "installer", "-pkg", pkg_path, "-target", "/")
+            args = []
            if version.startswith("3.13"):
                # Python 3.13 is the first version to have a free-threading option
                args += ["-applyChoiceChangesXML", str(free_thread_enable_313.resolve())]
            call("sudo", "installer", "-pkg", pkg_path, *args, "-target", "/")
            pkg_path.unlink()
            env = os.environ.copy()
            env["PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK"] = "1"
            call(installation_path / "bin" / "python3", install_certifi_script, env=env)
-    return installation_path / "bin" / "python3"
+            if free_threading:
                call(installation_path / f"bin/python{version}t", "-m", "ensurepip", env=env)
                call(installation_path / f"bin/python{version}t", install_certifi_script, env=env)
            else:
                call(installation_path / "bin/python3", install_certifi_script, env=env)
    return installation_path / "bin" / (f"python{version}t" if free_threading else "python3")
 def install_pypy(tmp: Path, url: str) -> Path:
@@ -166,23 +201,41 @@ def setup_python(
    dependency_constraint_flags: Sequence[PathOrStr],
    environment: ParsedEnvironment,
    build_frontend: BuildFrontendName,
-) -> dict[str, str]:
+) -> tuple[Path, dict[str, str]]:
    if build_frontend == "build[uv]" and Version(python_configuration.version) < Version("3.8"):
        build_frontend = "build"
    uv_path = find_uv()
    use_uv = build_frontend == "build[uv]" and Version(python_configuration.version) >= Version(
        "3.8"
    )
    tmp.mkdir()
    implementation_id = python_configuration.identifier.split("-")[0]
    log.step(f"Installing Python {implementation_id}...")
    if implementation_id.startswith("cp"):
-        base_python = install_cpython(tmp, python_configuration.version, python_configuration.url)
+        free_threading = "t-macos" in python_configuration.identifier
        base_python = install_cpython(
            tmp, python_configuration.version, python_configuration.url, free_threading
        )
    elif implementation_id.startswith("pp"):
        base_python = install_pypy(tmp, python_configuration.url)
    else:
        msg = "Unknown Python implementation"
        raise ValueError(msg)
-    assert base_python.exists()
+    assert (
        base_python.exists()
    ), f"{base_python.name} not found, has {list(base_python.parent.iterdir())}"
    log.step("Setting up build environment...")
    venv_path = tmp / "venv"
    env = virtualenv(
-        python_configuration.version, base_python, venv_path, dependency_constraint_flags
+        python_configuration.version,
        base_python,
        venv_path,
        dependency_constraint_flags,
        use_uv=use_uv,
    )
    venv_bin_path = venv_path / "bin"
    assert venv_bin_path.exists()
@@ -199,43 +252,43 @@ def setup_python(
    # upgrade pip to the version matching our constraints
    # if necessary, reinstall it to ensure that it's available on PATH as 'pip'
-    call(
+    if build_frontend == "build[uv]":
-        "python",
+        assert uv_path is not None
-        "-m",
+        pip = [str(uv_path), "pip"]
-        "pip",
+    else:
-        "install",
+        pip = ["python", "-m", "pip"]
-        "--upgrade",
+
-        "pip",
+    if not use_uv:
-        *dependency_constraint_flags,
+        call(
-        env=env,
+            *pip,
-        cwd=venv_path,
+            "install",
-    )
+            "--upgrade",
            "pip",
            *dependency_constraint_flags,
            env=env,
            cwd=venv_path,
        )
    # Apply our environment after pip is ready
    env = environment.as_dictionary(prev_environment=env)
    # check what pip version we're on
-    assert (venv_bin_path / "pip").exists()
+    if not use_uv:
-    call("which", "pip", env=env)
+        assert (venv_bin_path / "pip").exists()
-    call("pip", "--version", env=env)
+        call("which", "pip", env=env)
-    which_pip = call("which", "pip", env=env, capture_stdout=True).strip()
+        call("pip", "--version", env=env)
-    if which_pip != str(venv_bin_path / "pip"):
+        which_pip = call("which", "pip", env=env, capture_stdout=True).strip()
-        print(
+        if which_pip != str(venv_bin_path / "pip"):
-            "cibuildwheel: pip available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert pip above it.",
+            msg = "cibuildwheel: pip available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert pip above it."
-            file=sys.stderr,
+            raise errors.FatalError(msg)
        )
        sys.exit(1)
    # check what Python version we're on
    call("which", "python", env=env)
    call("python", "--version", env=env)
    which_python = call("which", "python", env=env, capture_stdout=True).strip()
    if which_python != str(venv_bin_path / "python"):
-        print(
+        msg = "cibuildwheel: python available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert python above it."
-            "cibuildwheel: python available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert python above it.",
+        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
            file=sys.stderr,
        )
        sys.exit(1)
    config_is_arm64 = python_configuration.identifier.endswith("arm64")
    config_is_universal2 = python_configuration.identifier.endswith("universal2")
@@ -243,8 +296,25 @@ def setup_python(
    # Set MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET, if the user didn't set it.
    # For arm64, the minimal deployment target is 11.0.
    # On x86_64 (or universal2), use 10.9 as a default.
-    # PyPy defaults to 10.7, causing inconsistencies if it's left unset.
+    # CPython 3.13 needs 10.13.
-    env.setdefault("MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET", "11.0" if config_is_arm64 else "10.9")
+    if config_is_arm64:
        default_target = "11.0"
    elif Version(python_configuration.version) >= Version("3.13"):
        default_target = "10.13"
    elif python_configuration.identifier.startswith("pp") and Version(
        python_configuration.version
    ) >= Version("3.9"):
        default_target = "10.15"
    else:
        default_target = "10.9"
    env.setdefault("MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET", default_target)
    # This is a floor, it can't be set lower than the default_target.
    if Version(env["MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET"]) < Version(default_target):
        log.warning(
            f"Bumping MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET ({env['MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET']}) to the minimum required ({default_target})."
        )
        env["MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET"] = default_target
    if python_configuration.version not in {"3.6", "3.7"}:
        if config_is_arm64:
@@ -303,10 +373,22 @@ def setup_python(
            *dependency_constraint_flags,
            env=env,
        )
    elif build_frontend == "build[uv]":
        assert uv_path is not None
        call(
            uv_path,
            "pip",
            "install",
            "--upgrade",
            "delocate",
            "build[virtualenv, uv]",
            *dependency_constraint_flags,
            env=env,
        )
    else:
        assert_never(build_frontend)
-    return env
+    return base_python, env
 def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
@@ -335,6 +417,14 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
        for config in python_configurations:
            build_options = options.build_options(config.identifier)
            build_frontend = build_options.build_frontend or BuildFrontendConfig("pip")
            use_uv = build_frontend.name == "build[uv]" and Version(config.version) >= Version(
                "3.8"
            )
            uv_path = find_uv()
            if use_uv and uv_path is None:
                msg = "uv not found"
                raise AssertionError(msg)
            pip = ["pip"] if not use_uv else [str(uv_path), "pip"]
            log.build_start(config.identifier)
            identifier_tmp_dir = tmp_path / config.identifier
@@ -352,13 +442,15 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                    build_options.dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version(config.version),
                ]
-            env = setup_python(
+            base_python, env = setup_python(
                identifier_tmp_dir / "build",
                config,
                dependency_constraint_flags,
                build_options.environment,
                build_frontend.name,
            )
            if not use_uv:
                pip_version = get_pip_version(env)
            compatible_wheel = find_compatible_wheel(built_wheels, config.identifier)
            if compatible_wheel:
@@ -384,15 +476,14 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                extra_flags += build_frontend.args
                build_env = env.copy()
-                build_env["VIRTUALENV_PIP"] = get_pip_version(env)
+                if not use_uv:
                    build_env["VIRTUALENV_PIP"] = pip_version
                if build_options.dependency_constraints:
                    constraint_path = build_options.dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version(
                        config.version
                    )
-                    user_constraints = build_env.get("PIP_CONSTRAINT")
+                    combine_constraints(
-                    our_constraints = constraint_path.as_uri()
+                        build_env, constraint_path, identifier_tmp_dir if use_uv else None
                    build_env["PIP_CONSTRAINT"] = " ".join(
                        c for c in [user_constraints, our_constraints] if c
                    )
                if build_frontend.name == "pip":
@@ -410,10 +501,12 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                        *extra_flags,
                        env=build_env,
                    )
-                elif build_frontend.name == "build":
+                elif build_frontend.name == "build" or build_frontend.name == "build[uv]":
                    if not 0 <= build_options.build_verbosity < 2:
                        msg = f"build_verbosity {build_options.build_verbosity} is not supported for build frontend. Ignoring."
                        log.warning(msg)
                    if use_uv:
                        extra_flags.append("--installer=uv")
                    call(
                        "python",
                        "-m",
@@ -543,15 +636,18 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                    # set up a virtual environment to install and test from, to make sure
                    # there are no dependencies that were pulled in at build time.
-                    call("pip", "install", "virtualenv", *dependency_constraint_flags, env=env)
+                    if not use_uv:
                        call("pip", "install", "virtualenv", *dependency_constraint_flags, env=env)
                    venv_dir = identifier_tmp_dir / f"venv-test-{testing_arch}"
                    arch_prefix = []
                    uv_arch_args = []
                    if testing_arch != machine_arch:
                        if machine_arch == "arm64" and testing_arch == "x86_64":
                            # rosetta2 will provide the emulation with just the arch prefix.
                            arch_prefix = ["arch", "-x86_64"]
                            uv_arch_args = ["--python-platform", "x86_64-apple-darwin"]
                        else:
                            msg = f"don't know how to emulate {testing_arch} on {machine_arch}"
                            raise RuntimeError(msg)
@@ -560,25 +656,31 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                    call_with_arch = functools.partial(call, *arch_prefix)
                    shell_with_arch = functools.partial(call, *arch_prefix, "/bin/sh", "-c")
-                    # Use --no-download to ensure determinism by using seed libraries
+                    if use_uv:
-                    # built into virtualenv
+                        pip_install = functools.partial(call, *pip, "install", *uv_arch_args)
-                    call_with_arch("python", "-m", "virtualenv", "--no-download", venv_dir, env=env)
+                        call("uv", "venv", venv_dir, f"--python={base_python}", env=env)
                    else:
                        pip_install = functools.partial(call_with_arch, *pip, "install")
                        # Use pip version from the initial env to ensure determinism
                        venv_args = ["--no-periodic-update", f"--pip={pip_version}"]
                        # In Python<3.12, setuptools & wheel are installed as well, use virtualenv embedded ones
                        if Version(config.version) < Version("3.12"):
                            venv_args.extend(("--setuptools=embed", "--wheel=embed"))
                        call_with_arch("python", "-m", "virtualenv", *venv_args, venv_dir, env=env)
                    virtualenv_env = env.copy()
                    virtualenv_env["MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET"] = get_test_macosx_deployment_target()
                    virtualenv_env["PATH"] = os.pathsep.join(
                        [
                            str(venv_dir / "bin"),
                            virtualenv_env["PATH"],
                        ]
                    )
                    virtualenv_env["VIRTUAL_ENV"] = str(venv_dir)
                    # check that we are using the Python from the virtual environment
                    call_with_arch("which", "python", env=virtualenv_env)
                    # TODO remove me once virtualenv provides pip>=24.1b1
                    if config.version == "3.13":
                        call("python", "-m", "pip", "install", "pip>=24.1b1", env=virtualenv_env)
                    if build_options.before_test:
                        before_test_prepared = prepare_command(
                            build_options.before_test,
@@ -605,18 +707,14 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                    else:
                        virtualenv_env_install_wheel = virtualenv_env
-                    call_with_arch(
+                    pip_install(
                        "pip",
                        "install",
                        f"{repaired_wheel}{build_options.test_extras}",
                        env=virtualenv_env_install_wheel,
                    )
                    # test the wheel
                    if build_options.test_requires:
-                        call_with_arch(
+                        pip_install(
                            "pip",
                            "install",
                            *build_options.test_requires,
                            env=virtualenv_env_install_wheel,
                        )
@@ -639,18 +737,18 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
            # we're all done here; move it to output (overwrite existing)
            if compatible_wheel is None:
-                with contextlib.suppress(FileNotFoundError):
+                output_wheel = build_options.output_dir.joinpath(repaired_wheel.name)
-                    (build_options.output_dir / repaired_wheel.name).unlink()
+                moved_wheel = move_file(repaired_wheel, output_wheel)
-
+                if moved_wheel != output_wheel.resolve():
-                shutil.move(str(repaired_wheel), build_options.output_dir)
+                    log.warning(
-                built_wheels.append(build_options.output_dir / repaired_wheel.name)
+                        "{repaired_wheel} was moved to {moved_wheel} instead of {output_wheel}"
                    )
                built_wheels.append(output_wheel)
            # clean up
            shutil.rmtree(identifier_tmp_dir)
            log.build_end()
    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as error:
-        log.step_end_with_error(
+        msg = f"Command {error.cmd} failed with code {error.returncode}. {error.stdout or ''}"
-            f"Command {error.cmd} failed with code {error.returncode}. {error.stdout}"
+        raise errors.FatalError(msg) from error
        )
        sys.exit(1)
@@ -8,15 +8,14 @@ import difflib
 import enum
 import functools
 import shlex
 import sys
 import textwrap
 import traceback
 from collections.abc import Callable, Generator, Iterable, Iterator, Set
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Any, Literal, Mapping, Sequence, TypedDict, Union  # noqa: TID251
 from packaging.specifiers import SpecifierSet
 from . import errors
 from ._compat import tomllib
 from ._compat.typing import NotRequired, assert_never
 from .architecture import Architecture
@@ -52,6 +51,7 @@ class CommandLineArguments:
    print_build_identifiers: bool
    allow_empty: bool
    prerelease_pythons: bool
    debug_traceback: bool
    @staticmethod
    def defaults() -> CommandLineArguments:
@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ class CommandLineArguments:
            package_dir=Path("."),
            prerelease_pythons=False,
            print_build_identifiers=False,
            debug_traceback=False,
        )
@@ -597,18 +598,14 @@ class Options:
                try:
                    build_frontend = BuildFrontendConfig.from_config_string(build_frontend_str)
                except ValueError as e:
-                    print(f"cibuildwheel: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
+                    msg = f"Failed to parse build frontend. {e}"
-                    sys.exit(2)
+                    raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg) from e
            try:
                environment = parse_environment(environment_config)
-            except (EnvironmentParseError, ValueError):
+            except (EnvironmentParseError, ValueError) as e:
-                print(
+                msg = f"Malformed environment option {environment_config!r}"
-                    f"cibuildwheel: Malformed environment option {environment_config!r}",
+                raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg) from e
                    file=sys.stderr,
                )
                traceback.print_exc(None, sys.stderr)
                sys.exit(2)
            # Pass through environment variables
            if self.platform == "linux":
@@ -680,9 +677,8 @@ class Options:
            try:
                container_engine = OCIContainerEngineConfig.from_config_string(container_engine_str)
            except ValueError as e:
-                msg = f"cibuildwheel: Failed to parse container config. {e}"
+                msg = f"Failed to parse container config. {e}"
-                print(msg, file=sys.stderr)
+                raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg) from e
                sys.exit(2)
            return BuildOptions(
                globals=self.globals,
@@ -862,6 +858,6 @@ def _get_pinned_container_images() -> Mapping[str, Mapping[str, str]]:
 def deprecated_selectors(name: str, selector: str, *, error: bool = False) -> None:
    if "p2" in selector or "p35" in selector:
        msg = f"cibuildwheel 2.x no longer supports Python < 3.6. Please use the 1.x series or update {name}"
        print(msg, file=sys.stderr)
        if error:
-            sys.exit(4)
+            raise errors.DeprecationError(msg)
        log.warning(msg)
@@ -0,0 +1,404 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 import os
 import shutil
 import sys
 from collections.abc import Sequence, Set
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from pathlib import Path
 from filelock import FileLock
 from . import errors
 from .architecture import Architecture
 from .environment import ParsedEnvironment
 from .logger import log
 from .options import Options
 from .typing import PathOrStr
 from .util import (
    CIBW_CACHE_PATH,
    AlreadyBuiltWheelError,
    BuildFrontendConfig,
    BuildSelector,
    NonPlatformWheelError,
    call,
    download,
    ensure_node,
    extract_zip,
    find_compatible_wheel,
    get_pip_version,
    move_file,
    prepare_command,
    read_python_configs,
    shell,
    split_config_settings,
    test_fail_cwd_file,
    virtualenv,
 )
@dataclass(frozen=True)
 class PythonConfiguration:
    version: str
    identifier: str
    pyodide_version: str
    emscripten_version: str
    node_version: str
 def install_emscripten(tmp: Path, version: str) -> Path:
    # We don't need to match the emsdk version to the version we install, but
    # we do for stability
    url = f"https://github.com/emscripten-core/emsdk/archive/refs/tags/{version}.zip"
    installation_path = CIBW_CACHE_PATH / f"emsdk-{version}"
    emsdk_path = installation_path / f"emsdk-{version}/emsdk"
    emcc_path = installation_path / f"emsdk-{version}/upstream/emscripten/emcc"
    with FileLock(f"{installation_path}.lock"):
        if installation_path.exists():
            return emcc_path
        emsdk_zip = tmp / "emsdk.zip"
        download(url, emsdk_zip)
        installation_path.mkdir()
        extract_zip(emsdk_zip, installation_path)
        call(emsdk_path, "install", version)
        call(emsdk_path, "activate", version)
    return emcc_path
 def install_xbuildenv(env: dict[str, str], pyodide_version: str) -> str:
    pyodide_root = (
        CIBW_CACHE_PATH
        / f".pyodide-xbuildenv-{pyodide_version}/{pyodide_version}/xbuildenv/pyodide-root"
    )
    with FileLock(CIBW_CACHE_PATH / "xbuildenv.lock"):
        if pyodide_root.exists():
            return str(pyodide_root)
        # We don't want to mutate env but we need to delete any existing
        # PYODIDE_ROOT so copy it first.
        env = dict(env)
        env.pop("PYODIDE_ROOT", None)
        call(
            "pyodide",
            "xbuildenv",
            "install",
            pyodide_version,
            env=env,
            cwd=CIBW_CACHE_PATH,
        )
    return str(pyodide_root)
 def get_base_python(identifier: str) -> Path:
    implementation_id = identifier.split("-")[0]
    majorminor = implementation_id[len("cp") :]
    version_info = (int(majorminor[0]), int(majorminor[1:]))
    if version_info == sys.version_info[:2]:
        return Path(sys.executable)
    major_minor = ".".join(str(v) for v in version_info)
    python_name = f"python{major_minor}"
    which_python = shutil.which(python_name)
    if which_python is None:
        msg = f"CPython {major_minor} is not installed."
        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
    return Path(which_python)
 def setup_python(
    tmp: Path,
    python_configuration: PythonConfiguration,
    dependency_constraint_flags: Sequence[PathOrStr],
    environment: ParsedEnvironment,
 ) -> dict[str, str]:
    base_python = get_base_python(python_configuration.identifier)
    log.step("Setting up build environment...")
    venv_path = tmp / "venv"
    env = virtualenv(python_configuration.version, base_python, venv_path, [], use_uv=False)
    venv_bin_path = venv_path / "bin"
    assert venv_bin_path.exists()
    env["PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK"] = "1"
    # upgrade pip to the version matching our constraints
    # if necessary, reinstall it to ensure that it's available on PATH as 'pip'
    call(
        "python",
        "-m",
        "pip",
        "install",
        "--upgrade",
        "pip",
        *dependency_constraint_flags,
        env=env,
        cwd=venv_path,
    )
    env = environment.as_dictionary(prev_environment=env)
    # check what pip version we're on
    assert (venv_bin_path / "pip").exists()
    call("which", "pip", env=env)
    call("pip", "--version", env=env)
    which_pip = call("which", "pip", env=env, capture_stdout=True).strip()
    if which_pip != str(venv_bin_path / "pip"):
        msg = "pip available on PATH doesn't match our venv instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert pip above it."
        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
    # check what Python version we're on
    call("which", "python", env=env)
    call("python", "--version", env=env)
    which_python = call("which", "python", env=env, capture_stdout=True).strip()
    if which_python != str(venv_bin_path / "python"):
        msg = "python available on PATH doesn't match our venv instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert python above it."
        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
    log.step("Installing build tools...")
    call(
        "pip",
        "install",
        "--upgrade",
        "auditwheel-emscripten",
        "build[virtualenv]",
        "pyodide-build",
        *dependency_constraint_flags,
        env=env,
    )
    log.step("Installing emscripten...")
    emcc_path = install_emscripten(tmp, python_configuration.emscripten_version)
    env["PATH"] = os.pathsep.join([str(emcc_path.parent), env["PATH"]])
    log.step("Installing Pyodide xbuildenv...")
    env["PYODIDE_ROOT"] = install_xbuildenv(env, python_configuration.pyodide_version)
    return env
 def get_python_configurations(
    build_selector: BuildSelector,
    architectures: Set[Architecture],  # noqa: ARG001
 ) -> list[PythonConfiguration]:
    full_python_configs = read_python_configs("pyodide")
    python_configurations = [PythonConfiguration(**item) for item in full_python_configs]
    python_configurations = [c for c in python_configurations if build_selector(c.identifier)]
    return python_configurations
 def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
    python_configurations = get_python_configurations(
        options.globals.build_selector, options.globals.architectures
    )
    if not python_configurations:
        return
    try:
        before_all_options_identifier = python_configurations[0].identifier
        before_all_options = options.build_options(before_all_options_identifier)
        if before_all_options.before_all:
            log.step("Running before_all...")
            env = before_all_options.environment.as_dictionary(prev_environment=os.environ)
            before_all_prepared = prepare_command(
                before_all_options.before_all, project=".", package=before_all_options.package_dir
            )
            shell(before_all_prepared, env=env)
        built_wheels: list[Path] = []
        for config in python_configurations:
            build_options = options.build_options(config.identifier)
            build_frontend = build_options.build_frontend or BuildFrontendConfig("build")
            if build_frontend.name == "pip":
                msg = "The pyodide platform doesn't support pip frontend"
                raise errors.FatalError(msg)
            log.build_start(config.identifier)
            identifier_tmp_dir = tmp_path / config.identifier
            built_wheel_dir = identifier_tmp_dir / "built_wheel"
            repaired_wheel_dir = identifier_tmp_dir / "repaired_wheel"
            identifier_tmp_dir.mkdir()
            built_wheel_dir.mkdir()
            repaired_wheel_dir.mkdir()
            dependency_constraint_flags: Sequence[PathOrStr] = []
            if build_options.dependency_constraints:
                constraints_path = build_options.dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version(
                    config.version, variant="pyodide"
                )
                dependency_constraint_flags = ["-c", constraints_path]
            env = setup_python(
                identifier_tmp_dir / "build",
                config,
                dependency_constraint_flags,
                build_options.environment,
            )
            pip_version = get_pip_version(env)
            # The Pyodide command line runner mounts all directories in the host
            # filesystem into the Pyodide file system, except for the custom
            # file systems /dev, /lib, /proc, and /tmp. Mounting the mount
            # points for alternate file systems causes some mysterious failure
            # of the process (it just quits without any clear error).
            #
            # Because of this, by default Pyodide can't see anything under /tmp.
            # This environment variable tells it also to mount our temp
            # directory.
            oldmounts = ""
            extra_mounts = [str(identifier_tmp_dir)]
            if str(Path(".").resolve()).startswith("/tmp"):
                extra_mounts.append(str(Path(".").resolve()))
            if "_PYODIDE_EXTRA_MOUNTS" in env:
                oldmounts = env["_PYODIDE_EXTRA_MOUNTS"] + ":"
            env["_PYODIDE_EXTRA_MOUNTS"] = oldmounts + ":".join(extra_mounts)
            compatible_wheel = find_compatible_wheel(built_wheels, config.identifier)
            if compatible_wheel:
                log.step_end()
                print(
                    f"\nFound previously built wheel {compatible_wheel.name}, that's compatible with {config.identifier}. Skipping build step..."
                )
                built_wheel = compatible_wheel
            else:
                if build_options.before_build:
                    log.step("Running before_build...")
                    before_build_prepared = prepare_command(
                        build_options.before_build, project=".", package=build_options.package_dir
                    )
                    shell(before_build_prepared, env=env)
                log.step("Building wheel...")
                extra_flags = split_config_settings(build_options.config_settings, "build")
                extra_flags += build_frontend.args
                if not 0 <= build_options.build_verbosity < 2:
                    msg = f"build_verbosity {build_options.build_verbosity} is not supported for build frontend. Ignoring."
                    log.warning(msg)
                build_env = env.copy()
                if build_options.dependency_constraints:
                    our_constraints = str(constraints_path)
                    user_constraints = build_env.get("PIP_CONSTRAINT")
                    build_env["PIP_CONSTRAINT"] = " ".join(
                        c for c in [our_constraints, user_constraints] if c
                    )
                build_env["VIRTUALENV_PIP"] = pip_version
                call(
                    "pyodide",
                    "build",
                    build_options.package_dir,
                    f"--outdir={built_wheel_dir}",
                    *extra_flags,
                    env=build_env,
                )
                built_wheel = next(built_wheel_dir.glob("*.whl"))
                if built_wheel.name.endswith("none-any.whl"):
                    raise NonPlatformWheelError()
                if build_options.repair_command:
                    log.step("Repairing wheel...")
                    repair_command_prepared = prepare_command(
                        build_options.repair_command,
                        wheel=built_wheel,
                        dest_dir=repaired_wheel_dir,
                    )
                    shell(repair_command_prepared, env=env)
                else:
                    shutil.move(str(built_wheel), repaired_wheel_dir)
                repaired_wheel = next(repaired_wheel_dir.glob("*.whl"))
                if repaired_wheel.name in {wheel.name for wheel in built_wheels}:
                    raise AlreadyBuiltWheelError(repaired_wheel.name)
            if build_options.test_command and build_options.test_selector(config.identifier):
                log.step("Testing wheel...")
                venv_dir = identifier_tmp_dir / "venv-test"
                # set up a virtual environment to install and test from, to make sure
                # there are no dependencies that were pulled in at build time.
                virtualenv_env = env.copy()
                virtualenv_env["PATH"] = os.pathsep.join(
                    [
                        str(ensure_node(config.node_version)),
                        virtualenv_env["PATH"],
                    ]
                )
                # pyodide venv uses virtualenv under the hood
                # use the pip embedded with virtualenv & disable network updates
                virtualenv_create_env = virtualenv_env.copy()
                virtualenv_create_env["VIRTUALENV_PIP"] = pip_version
                virtualenv_create_env["VIRTUALENV_NO_PERIODIC_UPDATE"] = "1"
                call("pyodide", "venv", venv_dir, env=virtualenv_create_env)
                virtualenv_env["PATH"] = os.pathsep.join(
                    [
                        str(venv_dir / "bin"),
                        virtualenv_env["PATH"],
                    ]
                )
                virtualenv_env["VIRTUAL_ENV"] = str(venv_dir)
                # check that we are using the Python from the virtual environment
                call("which", "python", env=virtualenv_env)
                if build_options.before_test:
                    before_test_prepared = prepare_command(
                        build_options.before_test,
                        project=".",
                        package=build_options.package_dir,
                    )
                    shell(before_test_prepared, env=virtualenv_env)
                # install the wheel
                call(
                    "pip",
                    "install",
                    f"{repaired_wheel}{build_options.test_extras}",
                    env=virtualenv_env,
                )
                # test the wheel
                if build_options.test_requires:
                    call("pip", "install", *build_options.test_requires, env=virtualenv_env)
                # run the tests from a temp dir, with an absolute path in the command
                # (this ensures that Python runs the tests against the installed wheel
                # and not the repo code)
                test_command_prepared = prepare_command(
                    build_options.test_command,
                    project=Path(".").resolve(),
                    package=build_options.package_dir.resolve(),
                )
                test_cwd = identifier_tmp_dir / "test_cwd"
                test_cwd.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
                (test_cwd / "test_fail.py").write_text(test_fail_cwd_file.read_text())
                shell(test_command_prepared, cwd=test_cwd, env=virtualenv_env)
            # we're all done here; move it to output (overwrite existing)
            if compatible_wheel is None:
                output_wheel = build_options.output_dir.joinpath(repaired_wheel.name)
                moved_wheel = move_file(repaired_wheel, output_wheel)
                if moved_wheel != output_wheel.resolve():
                    log.warning(
                        "{repaired_wheel} was moved to {moved_wheel} instead of {output_wheel}"
                    )
                built_wheels.append(output_wheel)
    finally:
        pass
@@ -120,12 +120,15 @@ python_configurations = [
  { identifier = "cp311-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.11", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.11.9/python-3.11.9-macos11.pkg" },
  { identifier = "cp311-macosx_arm64", version = "3.11", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.11.9/python-3.11.9-macos11.pkg" },
  { identifier = "cp311-macosx_universal2", version = "3.11", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.11.9/python-3.11.9-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp312-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.3/python-3.12.3-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp312-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.4/python-3.12.4-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp312-macosx_arm64", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.3/python-3.12.3-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp312-macosx_arm64", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.4/python-3.12.4-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp312-macosx_universal2", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.3/python-3.12.3-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp312-macosx_universal2", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.4/python-3.12.4-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.0/python-3.13.0b1-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.0/python-3.13.0b2-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-macosx_arm64", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.0/python-3.13.0b1-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-macosx_arm64", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.0/python-3.13.0b2-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-macosx_universal2", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.0/python-3.13.0b1-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-macosx_universal2", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.0/python-3.13.0b2-macos11.pkg" },
  { identifier = "cp313t-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.0/python-3.13.0b2-macos11.pkg" },
  { identifier = "cp313t-macosx_arm64", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.0/python-3.13.0b2-macos11.pkg" },
  { identifier = "cp313t-macosx_universal2", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.0/python-3.13.0b2-macos11.pkg" },
  { identifier = "pp37-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.7", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.7-v7.3.9-osx64.tar.bz2" },
  { identifier = "pp38-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.8", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.8-v7.3.11-macos_x86_64.tar.bz2" },
  { identifier = "pp38-macosx_arm64", version = "3.8", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.8-v7.3.11-macos_arm64.tar.bz2" },
@@ -149,20 +152,25 @@ python_configurations = [
  { identifier = "cp310-win_amd64", version = "3.10.11", arch = "64" },
  { identifier = "cp311-win32", version = "3.11.9", arch = "32" },
  { identifier = "cp311-win_amd64", version = "3.11.9", arch = "64" },
-  { identifier = "cp312-win32", version = "3.12.3", arch = "32" },
+  { identifier = "cp312-win32", version = "3.12.4", arch = "32" },
-  { identifier = "cp312-win_amd64", version = "3.12.3", arch = "64" },
+  { identifier = "cp312-win_amd64", version = "3.12.4", arch = "64" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-win32", version = "3.13.0-b1", arch = "32" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-win32", version = "3.13.0-b2", arch = "32" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-win32", version = "3.13.0-b1", arch = "32" },
+  { identifier = "cp313t-win32", version = "3.13.0-b2", arch = "32" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-win_amd64", version = "3.13.0-b1", arch = "64" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-win_amd64", version = "3.13.0-b2", arch = "64" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-win_amd64", version = "3.13.0-b1", arch = "64" },
+  { identifier = "cp313t-win_amd64", version = "3.13.0-b2", arch = "64" },
  { identifier = "cp39-win_arm64", version = "3.9.10", arch = "ARM64" },
  { identifier = "cp310-win_arm64", version = "3.10.11", arch = "ARM64" },
  { identifier = "cp311-win_arm64", version = "3.11.9", arch = "ARM64" },
-  { identifier = "cp312-win_arm64", version = "3.12.3", arch = "ARM64" },
+  { identifier = "cp312-win_arm64", version = "3.12.4", arch = "ARM64" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-win_arm64", version = "3.13.0-b1", arch = "ARM64" },
+  { identifier = "cp313-win_arm64", version = "3.13.0-b2", arch = "ARM64" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-win_arm64", version = "3.13.0-b1", arch = "ARM64" },
+  { identifier = "cp313t-win_arm64", version = "3.13.0-b2", arch = "ARM64" },
  { identifier = "pp37-win_amd64", version = "3.7", arch = "64", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.7-v7.3.9-win64.zip" },
  { identifier = "pp38-win_amd64", version = "3.8", arch = "64", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.8-v7.3.11-win64.zip" },
  { identifier = "pp39-win_amd64", version = "3.9", arch = "64", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.9-v7.3.16-win64.zip" },
  { identifier = "pp310-win_amd64", version = "3.10", arch = "64", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.10-v7.3.16-win64.zip" },
 ]
 [pyodide]
 python_configurations = [
  { identifier = "cp312-pyodide_wasm32", version = "3.12.1", pyodide_version = "0.26.1", emscripten_version = "3.1.58", node_version = "v20" },
 ]
@@ -96,12 +96,13 @@
    },
    "build-frontend": {
      "default": "default",
-      "description": "Set the tool to use to build, either \"pip\" (default for now) or \"build\"",
+      "description": "Set the tool to use to build, either \"pip\" (default for now), \"build\", or \"build[uv]\"",
      "oneOf": [
        {
          "enum": [
            "pip",
            "build",
            "build[uv]",
            "default"
          ]
        },
@@ -113,6 +114,10 @@
          "type": "string",
          "pattern": "^build; ?args:"
        },
        {
          "type": "string",
          "pattern": "^build\\[uv\\]; ?args:"
        },
        {
          "type": "object",
          "additionalProperties": false,
@@ -123,7 +128,8 @@
            "name": {
              "enum": [
                "pip",
-                "build"
+                "build",
                "build[uv]"
              ]
            },
            "args": {
@@ -765,6 +771,51 @@
          "$ref": "#/properties/test-requires"
        }
      }
    },
    "pyodide": {
      "type": "object",
      "additionalProperties": false,
      "properties": {
        "archs": {
          "$ref": "#/properties/archs"
        },
        "before-all": {
          "$ref": "#/properties/before-all"
        },
        "before-build": {
          "$ref": "#/properties/before-build"
        },
        "before-test": {
          "$ref": "#/properties/before-test"
        },
        "build-frontend": {
          "$ref": "#/properties/build-frontend"
        },
        "build-verbosity": {
          "$ref": "#/properties/build-verbosity"
        },
        "config-settings": {
          "$ref": "#/properties/config-settings"
        },
        "dependency-versions": {
          "$ref": "#/properties/dependency-versions"
        },
        "environment": {
          "$ref": "#/properties/environment"
        },
        "repair-wheel-command": {
          "$ref": "#/properties/repair-wheel-command"
        },
        "test-command": {
          "$ref": "#/properties/test-command"
        },
        "test-extras": {
          "$ref": "#/properties/test-extras"
        },
        "test-requires": {
          "$ref": "#/properties/test-requires"
        }
      }
    }
  }
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
 # This file was autogenerated by uv via the following command:
 #    nox -s update_constraints
 annotated-types==0.7.0
    # via pydantic
 anyio==4.4.0
    # via httpx
 auditwheel-emscripten==0.0.14
    # via pyodide-build
 build==1.2.1
    # via
    #   -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
    #   pyodide-build
 certifi==2024.6.2
    # via
    #   httpcore
    #   httpx
    #   requests
 charset-normalizer==3.3.2
    # via requests
 click==8.1.7
    # via typer
 cloudpickle==3.0.0
    # via loky
 cmake==3.29.5
    # via pyodide-build
 distlib==0.3.8
    # via virtualenv
 filelock==3.14.0
    # via virtualenv
 h11==0.14.0
    # via httpcore
 httpcore==1.0.5
    # via httpx
 httpx==0.27.0
    # via unearth
 idna==3.7
    # via
    #   anyio
    #   httpx
    #   requests
 leb128==1.0.7
    # via auditwheel-emscripten
 loky==3.4.1
    # via pyodide-build
 markdown-it-py==3.0.0
    # via rich
 mdurl==0.1.2
    # via markdown-it-py
 packaging==24.1
    # via
    #   auditwheel-emscripten
    #   build
    #   pyodide-build
    #   unearth
 pip==24.0
    # via -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
 platformdirs==4.2.2
    # via virtualenv
 pydantic==2.7.4
    # via
    #   pyodide-build
    #   pyodide-lock
 pydantic-core==2.18.4
    # via pydantic
 pygments==2.18.0
    # via rich
 pyodide-build==0.26.1
    # via -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
 pyodide-cli==0.2.3
    # via
    #   auditwheel-emscripten
    #   pyodide-build
 pyodide-lock==0.1.0a6
    # via pyodide-build
 pyproject-hooks==1.1.0
    # via build
 pyyaml==6.0.1
    # via pyodide-build
 requests==2.32.3
    # via pyodide-build
 resolvelib==1.0.1
    # via pyodide-build
 rich==13.7.1
    # via
    #   pyodide-build
    #   pyodide-cli
    #   typer
 ruamel-yaml==0.18.6
    # via pyodide-build
 ruamel-yaml-clib==0.2.8
    # via ruamel-yaml
 shellingham==1.5.4
    # via typer
 sniffio==1.3.1
    # via
    #   anyio
    #   httpx
 typer==0.12.3
    # via
    #   auditwheel-emscripten
    #   pyodide-build
    #   pyodide-cli
 types-requests==2.32.0.20240602
    # via pyodide-build
 typing-extensions==4.12.2
    # via
    #   pydantic
    #   pydantic-core
    #   typer
 unearth==0.15.4
    # via pyodide-build
 urllib3==2.2.1
    # via
    #   requests
    #   types-requests
 virtualenv==20.26.2
    # via
    #   build
    #   pyodide-build
 wheel==0.43.0
    # via
    #   auditwheel-emscripten
    #   pyodide-build
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ importlib-metadata==7.1.0
    # via build
 macholib==1.16.3
    # via delocate
-packaging==24.0
+packaging==24.1
    # via
    #   build
    #   delocate
@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ pyproject-hooks==1.1.0
    # via build
 tomli==2.0.1
    # via build
-typing-extensions==4.11.0
+typing-extensions==4.12.2
    # via delocate
 virtualenv==20.26.2
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-zipp==3.18.2
+zipp==3.19.2
    # via importlib-metadata
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ filelock==3.14.0
    # via virtualenv
 macholib==1.16.3
    # via delocate
-packaging==24.0
+packaging==24.1
    # via
    #   build
    #   delocate
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ platformdirs==4.2.2
    # via virtualenv
 pyproject-hooks==1.1.0
    # via build
-typing-extensions==4.11.0
+typing-extensions==4.12.2
    # via delocate
 virtualenv==20.26.2
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ filelock==3.14.0
    # via virtualenv
 macholib==1.16.3
    # via delocate
-packaging==24.0
+packaging==24.1
    # via
    #   build
    #   delocate
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ platformdirs==4.2.2
    # via virtualenv
 pyproject-hooks==1.1.0
    # via build
-typing-extensions==4.11.0
+typing-extensions==4.12.2
    # via delocate
 virtualenv==20.26.2
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
@@ -12,17 +12,17 @@ filelock==3.14.0
    # via virtualenv
 macholib==1.16.3
    # via delocate
-packaging==24.0
+packaging==24.1
    # via
    #   build
    #   delocate
-pip==24.1b1
+pip==24.1b2
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 platformdirs==4.2.2
    # via virtualenv
 pyproject-hooks==1.1.0
    # via build
-typing-extensions==4.11.0
+typing-extensions==4.12.2
    # via delocate
 virtualenv==20.26.2
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ importlib-metadata==7.1.0
    # via build
 macholib==1.16.3
    # via delocate
-packaging==24.0
+packaging==24.1
    # via
    #   build
    #   delocate
@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ pyproject-hooks==1.1.0
    # via build
 tomli==2.0.1
    # via build
-typing-extensions==4.11.0
+typing-extensions==4.12.2
    # via delocate
 virtualenv==20.26.2
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-zipp==3.18.2
+zipp==3.19.2
    # via importlib-metadata
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ importlib-metadata==7.1.0
    # via build
 macholib==1.16.3
    # via delocate
-packaging==24.0
+packaging==24.1
    # via
    #   build
    #   delocate
@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ pyproject-hooks==1.1.0
    # via build
 tomli==2.0.1
    # via build
-typing-extensions==4.11.0
+typing-extensions==4.12.2
    # via delocate
 virtualenv==20.26.2
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-zipp==3.18.2
+zipp==3.19.2
    # via importlib-metadata
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ filelock==3.14.0
    # via virtualenv
 macholib==1.16.3
    # via delocate
-packaging==24.0
+packaging==24.1
    # via
    #   build
    #   delocate
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ platformdirs==4.2.2
    # via virtualenv
 pyproject-hooks==1.1.0
    # via build
-typing-extensions==4.11.0
+typing-extensions==4.12.2
    # via delocate
 virtualenv==20.26.2
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
@@ -46,3 +46,5 @@ repair-wheel-command = "auditwheel repair -w {dest_dir} {wheel}"
 repair-wheel-command = "delocate-wheel --require-archs {delocate_archs} -w {dest_dir} -v {wheel}"
 [tool.cibuildwheel.windows]
 [tool.cibuildwheel.pyodide]
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
 <plist version="1.0">
 <array>
        <dict>
                <key>attributeSetting</key>
                <integer>1</integer>
                <key>choiceAttribute</key>
                <string>selected</string>
                <key>choiceIdentifier</key>
                <string>org.python.Python.PythonTFramework-3.13</string>
        </dict>
 </array>
 </plist>
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
 url = "https://nodejs.org/dist/"
 v20 = "v20.14.0"
@@ -1,54 +1,54 @@
 [x86_64]
 manylinux1 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux1_x86_64:2024-04-29-76807b8
 manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_x86_64:2022-08-05-4535177
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2024.06.12-1
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_x86_64:2022-12-26-0d38463
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:2024.06.12-1
-musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_x86_64:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_x86_64:2024.06.12-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_x86_64:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_x86_64:2024.06.12-1
 [i686]
 manylinux1 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux1_i686:2024-04-29-76807b8
 manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_i686:2022-08-05-4535177
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2024.06.12-1
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_i686:2022-12-26-0d38463
-musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_i686:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_i686:2024.06.12-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_i686:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_i686:2024.06.12-1
 [pypy_x86_64]
 manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_x86_64:2022-08-05-4535177
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2024.06.12-1
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_x86_64:2022-12-26-0d38463
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:2024.06.12-1
 [pypy_i686]
 manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_i686:2022-08-05-4535177
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2024.06.12-1
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_i686:2022-12-26-0d38463
 [aarch64]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2024.06.12-1
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_aarch64:2022-12-26-0d38463
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64:2024.06.12-1
-musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_aarch64:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_aarch64:2024.06.12-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_aarch64:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_aarch64:2024.06.12-1
 [ppc64le]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_ppc64le:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_ppc64le:2024.06.12-1
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_ppc64le:2022-12-26-0d38463
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_ppc64le:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_ppc64le:2024.06.12-1
-musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_ppc64le:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_ppc64le:2024.06.12-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_ppc64le:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_ppc64le:2024.06.12-1
 [s390x]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_s390x:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_s390x:2024.06.12-1
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_s390x:2022-12-26-0d38463
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_s390x:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_s390x:2024.06.12-1
-musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_s390x:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_s390x:2024.06.12-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_s390x:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_s390x:2024.06.12-1
 [pypy_aarch64]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2024.06.12-1
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_aarch64:2022-12-26-0d38463
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64:2024-05-13-0983f6f
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64:2024.06.12-1
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ else:
    PathOrStr = Union[str, "os.PathLike[str]"]
-PlatformName = Literal["linux", "macos", "windows"]
+PlatformName = Literal["linux", "macos", "windows", "pyodide"]
-PLATFORMS: Final[set[PlatformName]] = {"linux", "macos", "windows"}
+PLATFORMS: Final[set[PlatformName]] = {"linux", "macos", "windows", "pyodide"}
 class GenericPythonConfiguration(Protocol):
@@ -6,21 +6,25 @@ import itertools
 import os
 import re
 import shlex
 import shutil
 import ssl
 import subprocess
 import sys
 import tarfile
 import textwrap
 import time
 import typing
 import urllib.request
 from collections import defaultdict
-from collections.abc import Generator, Iterable, Mapping, Sequence
+from collections.abc import Generator, Iterable, Mapping, MutableMapping, Sequence
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from enum import Enum
 from functools import cached_property, lru_cache
 from pathlib import Path, PurePath
 from tempfile import TemporaryDirectory
 from time import sleep
 from typing import Any, ClassVar, Final, Literal, TextIO, TypeVar
 from zipfile import ZipFile
 import bracex
 import certifi
@@ -32,29 +36,34 @@ from packaging.version import Version
 from platformdirs import user_cache_path
 from ._compat import tomllib
 from .architecture import Architecture
 from .typing import PathOrStr, PlatformName
 __all__ = [
    "resources_dir",
    "MANYLINUX_ARCHS",
    "call",
    "shell",
    "find_compatible_wheel",
    "format_safe",
    "prepare_command",
    "get_build_verbosity_extra_flags",
    "read_python_configs",
    "selector_matches",
    "strtobool",
    "cached_property",
    "call",
    "chdir",
    "combine_constraints",
    "find_compatible_wheel",
    "find_uv",
    "format_safe",
    "get_build_verbosity_extra_flags",
    "prepare_command",
    "read_python_configs",
    "resources_dir",
    "selector_matches",
    "shell",
    "split_config_settings",
    "strtobool",
 ]
 resources_dir: Final[Path] = Path(__file__).parent / "resources"
 install_certifi_script: Final[Path] = resources_dir / "install_certifi.py"
 free_thread_enable_313: Final[Path] = resources_dir / "free-threaded-enable-313.xml"
 test_fail_cwd_file: Final[Path] = resources_dir / "testing_temp_dir_file.py"
@@ -195,7 +204,9 @@ def get_build_verbosity_extra_flags(level: int) -> list[str]:
        return []
-def split_config_settings(config_settings: str, frontend: Literal["pip", "build"]) -> list[str]:
+def split_config_settings(
    config_settings: str, frontend: Literal["pip", "build", "build[uv]"]
 ) -> list[str]:
    config_settings_list = shlex.split(config_settings)
    s = "s" if frontend == "pip" else ""
    return [f"--config-setting{s}={setting}" for setting in config_settings_list]
@@ -334,6 +345,55 @@ def download(url: str, dest: Path) -> None:
            sleep(3)
 def extract_zip(zip_src: Path, dest: Path) -> None:
    with ZipFile(zip_src) as zip_:
        for zinfo in zip_.filelist:
            zip_.extract(zinfo, dest)
            # Set permissions to the same values as they were set in the archive
            # We have to do this manually due to
            # https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/59999
            # But some files in the zipfile seem to have external_attr with 0
            # permissions. In that case just use the default value???
            permissions = (zinfo.external_attr >> 16) & 0o777
            if permissions != 0:
                dest.joinpath(zinfo.filename).chmod(permissions)
 def extract_tar(tar_src: Path, dest: Path) -> None:
    with tarfile.open(tar_src) as tar_:
        tar_.extraction_filter = getattr(tarfile, "tar_filter", (lambda member, _: member))
        tar_.extractall(dest)
 def move_file(src_file: Path, dst_file: Path) -> Path:
    """Moves a file safely while avoiding potential semantic confusion:
    1. `dst_file` must point to the target filename, not a directory
    2. `dst_file` will be overwritten if it already exists
    3. any missing parent directories will be created
    Returns the fully resolved Path of the resulting file.
    Raises:
        NotADirectoryError: If any part of the intermediate path to `dst_file` is an existing file
        IsADirectoryError: If `dst_file` points directly to an existing directory
    """
    src_file = src_file.resolve(strict=True)
    dst_file = dst_file.resolve()
    if dst_file.is_dir():
        msg = "dst_file must be a valid target filename, not an existing directory."
        raise IsADirectoryError(msg)
    dst_file.unlink(missing_ok=True)
    dst_file.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
    # using shutil.move() as Path.rename() is not guaranteed to work across filesystem boundaries
    # explicit str() needed for Python 3.8
    resulting_file = shutil.move(str(src_file), str(dst_file))
    return Path(resulting_file).resolve(strict=True)
 class DependencyConstraints:
    def __init__(self, base_file_path: Path):
        assert base_file_path.exists()
@@ -343,12 +403,14 @@ class DependencyConstraints:
    def with_defaults() -> DependencyConstraints:
        return DependencyConstraints(base_file_path=resources_dir / "constraints.txt")
-    def get_for_python_version(self, version: str) -> Path:
+    def get_for_python_version(
        self, version: str, *, variant: Literal["python", "pyodide"] = "python"
    ) -> Path:
        version_parts = version.split(".")
        # try to find a version-specific dependency file e.g. if
        # ./constraints.txt is the base, look for ./constraints-python36.txt
-        specific_stem = self.base_file_path.stem + f"-python{version_parts[0]}{version_parts[1]}"
+        specific_stem = self.base_file_path.stem + f"-{variant}{version_parts[0]}{version_parts[1]}"
        specific_name = specific_stem + self.base_file_path.suffix
        specific_file_path = self.base_file_path.with_name(specific_name)
@@ -373,7 +435,7 @@ class DependencyConstraints:
            return self.base_file_path.name
-BuildFrontendName = Literal["pip", "build"]
+BuildFrontendName = Literal["pip", "build", "build[uv]"]
@dataclass(frozen=True)
@@ -385,8 +447,8 @@ class BuildFrontendConfig:
    def from_config_string(config_string: str) -> BuildFrontendConfig:
        config_dict = parse_key_value_string(config_string, ["name"], ["args"])
        name = " ".join(config_dict["name"])
-        if name not in {"pip", "build"}:
+        if name not in {"pip", "build", "build[uv]"}:
-            msg = f"Unrecognised build frontend {name}, only 'pip' and 'build' are supported"
+            msg = f"Unrecognised build frontend {name!r}, only 'pip', 'build', and 'build[uv]' are supported"
            raise ValueError(msg)
        name = typing.cast(BuildFrontendName, name)
@@ -534,6 +596,38 @@ def get_pip_version(env: Mapping[str, str]) -> str:
    return pip_version
@lru_cache(maxsize=None)
 def ensure_node(major_version: str) -> Path:
    input_file = resources_dir / "nodejs.toml"
    with input_file.open("rb") as f:
        loaded_file = tomllib.load(f)
    version = str(loaded_file[major_version])
    base_url = str(loaded_file["url"])
    ext = "zip" if IS_WIN else "tar.xz"
    platform = "win" if IS_WIN else ("darwin" if sys.platform.startswith("darwin") else "linux")
    linux_arch = Architecture.native_arch("linux")
    assert linux_arch is not None
    arch = {"x86_64": "x64", "i686": "x86", "aarch64": "arm64"}.get(
        linux_arch.value, linux_arch.value
    )
    name = f"node-{version}-{platform}-{arch}"
    path = CIBW_CACHE_PATH / name
    with FileLock(str(path) + ".lock"):
        if not path.exists():
            url = f"{base_url}{version}/{name}.{ext}"
            with TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_path:
                archive = Path(tmp_path) / f"{name}.{ext}"
                download(url, archive)
                if ext == "zip":
                    extract_zip(archive, path.parent)
                else:
                    extract_tar(archive, path.parent)
    assert path.exists()
    if not IS_WIN:
        return path / "bin"
    return path
@lru_cache(maxsize=None)
 def _ensure_virtualenv(version: str) -> Path:
    version_parts = version.split(".")
@@ -599,48 +693,64 @@ def _parse_constraints_for_virtualenv(
 def virtualenv(
-    version: str, python: Path, venv_path: Path, dependency_constraint_flags: Sequence[PathOrStr]
+    version: str,
    python: Path,
    venv_path: Path,
    dependency_constraint_flags: Sequence[PathOrStr],
    *,
    use_uv: bool,
 ) -> dict[str, str]:
    """
    Create a virtual environment. If `use_uv` is True,
    dependency_constraint_flags are ignored since nothing is installed in the
    venv. Otherwise, pip is installed, and setuptools + wheel if Python < 3.12.
    """
    assert python.exists()
    virtualenv_app = _ensure_virtualenv(version)
    allowed_seed_packages = ["pip", "setuptools", "wheel"]
    constraints = _parse_constraints_for_virtualenv(
        allowed_seed_packages, dependency_constraint_flags
    )
    additional_flags: list[str] = []
    for package in allowed_seed_packages:
        if package in constraints:
            additional_flags.append(f"--{package}={constraints[package]}")
        else:
            additional_flags.append(f"--no-{package}")
-    # Using symlinks to pre-installed seed packages is really the fastest way to get a virtual
+    if use_uv:
-    # environment. The initial cost is a bit higher but reusing is much faster.
+        call("uv", "venv", venv_path, "--python", python)
-    # Windows does not always allow symlinks so just disabling for now.
+    else:
-    # Requires pip>=19.3 so disabling for "embed" because this means we don't know what's the
+        virtualenv_app = _ensure_virtualenv(version)
-    # version of pip that will end-up installed.
+        allowed_seed_packages = ["pip", "setuptools", "wheel"]
-    # c.f. https://virtualenv.pypa.io/en/latest/cli_interface.html#section-seeder
+        constraints = _parse_constraints_for_virtualenv(
-    if (
+            allowed_seed_packages, dependency_constraint_flags
-        not IS_WIN
+        )
-        and constraints["pip"] != "embed"
+        additional_flags: list[str] = []
-        and Version(constraints["pip"]) >= Version("19.3")
+        for package in allowed_seed_packages:
-    ):
+            if package in constraints:
-        additional_flags.append("--symlink-app-data")
+                additional_flags.append(f"--{package}={constraints[package]}")
            else:
                additional_flags.append(f"--no-{package}")
        # Using symlinks to pre-installed seed packages is really the fastest way to get a virtual
        # environment. The initial cost is a bit higher but reusing is much faster.
        # Windows does not always allow symlinks so just disabling for now.
        # Requires pip>=19.3 so disabling for "embed" because this means we don't know what's the
        # version of pip that will end-up installed.
        # c.f. https://virtualenv.pypa.io/en/latest/cli_interface.html#section-seeder
        if (
            not IS_WIN
            and constraints["pip"] != "embed"
            and Version(constraints["pip"]) >= Version("19.3")
        ):
            additional_flags.append("--symlink-app-data")
        call(
            sys.executable,
            "-sS",  # just the stdlib, https://github.com/pypa/virtualenv/issues/2133#issuecomment-1003710125
            virtualenv_app,
            "--activators=",
            "--no-periodic-update",
            *additional_flags,
            "--python",
            python,
            venv_path,
        )
    call(
        sys.executable,
        "-sS",  # just the stdlib, https://github.com/pypa/virtualenv/issues/2133#issuecomment-1003710125
        virtualenv_app,
        "--activators=",
        "--no-periodic-update",
        *additional_flags,
        "--python",
        python,
        venv_path,
    )
    paths = [str(venv_path), str(venv_path / "Scripts")] if IS_WIN else [str(venv_path / "bin")]
    env = os.environ.copy()
    env["PATH"] = os.pathsep.join([*paths, env["PATH"]])
    env["VIRTUAL_ENV"] = str(venv_path)
    return env
@@ -782,3 +892,42 @@ def parse_key_value_string(
        result[field_name] += values
    return dict(result)
 def find_uv() -> Path | None:
    # Prefer uv in our environment
    with contextlib.suppress(ImportError, FileNotFoundError):
        # pylint: disable-next=import-outside-toplevel
        from uv import find_uv_bin
        return Path(find_uv_bin())
    uv_on_path = shutil.which("uv")
    return Path(uv_on_path) if uv_on_path else None
 def combine_constraints(
    env: MutableMapping[str, str], /, constraints_path: Path, tmp_dir: Path | None
 ) -> None:
    """
    This will workaround a bug in pip<=21.1.1 or uv<=0.2.0 if a tmp_dir is given.
    If set to None, this will use the modern URI method.
    """
    if tmp_dir:
        if " " in str(constraints_path):
            assert " " not in str(tmp_dir)
            tmp_file = tmp_dir / "constraints.txt"
            tmp_file.write_bytes(constraints_path.read_bytes())
            constraints_path = tmp_file
        our_constraints = str(constraints_path)
    else:
        our_constraints = (
            constraints_path.as_uri() if " " in str(constraints_path) else str(constraints_path)
        )
    user_constraints = env.get("PIP_CONSTRAINT")
    env["UV_CONSTRAINT"] = env["PIP_CONSTRAINT"] = " ".join(
        c for c in [our_constraints, user_constraints] if c
    )
@@ -4,18 +4,16 @@ import os
 import platform as platform_module
 import shutil
 import subprocess
 import sys
 import textwrap
 from collections.abc import MutableMapping, Sequence, Set
 from contextlib import suppress
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from functools import lru_cache
 from pathlib import Path
 from zipfile import ZipFile
 from filelock import FileLock
 from packaging.version import Version
 from . import errors
 from ._compat.typing import assert_never
 from .architecture import Architecture
 from .environment import ParsedEnvironment
@@ -30,10 +28,14 @@ from .util import (
    BuildSelector,
    NonPlatformWheelError,
    call,
    combine_constraints,
    download,
    extract_zip,
    find_compatible_wheel,
    find_uv,
    get_build_verbosity_extra_flags,
    get_pip_version,
    move_file,
    prepare_command,
    read_python_configs,
    shell,
@@ -96,11 +98,6 @@ def get_python_configurations(
    return python_configurations
 def extract_zip(zip_src: Path, dest: Path) -> None:
    with ZipFile(zip_src) as zip_:
        zip_.extractall(dest)
@lru_cache(maxsize=None)
 def _ensure_nuget() -> Path:
    nuget = CIBW_CACHE_PATH / "nuget.exe"
@@ -226,7 +223,7 @@ def setup_python(
    dependency_constraint_flags: Sequence[PathOrStr],
    environment: ParsedEnvironment,
    build_frontend: BuildFrontendName,
-) -> dict[str, str]:
+) -> tuple[Path, dict[str, str]]:
    tmp.mkdir()
    implementation_id = python_configuration.identifier.split("-")[0]
    python_libs_base = None
@@ -249,10 +246,19 @@ def setup_python(
        raise ValueError(msg)
    assert base_python.exists()
    use_uv = build_frontend == "build[uv]" and Version(python_configuration.version) >= Version(
        "3.8"
    )
    uv_path = find_uv()
    log.step("Setting up build environment...")
    venv_path = tmp / "venv"
    env = virtualenv(
-        python_configuration.version, base_python, venv_path, dependency_constraint_flags
+        python_configuration.version,
        base_python,
        venv_path,
        dependency_constraint_flags,
        use_uv=use_uv,
    )
    # set up environment variables for run_with_env
@@ -260,19 +266,14 @@ def setup_python(
    env["PYTHON_ARCH"] = python_configuration.arch
    env["PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK"] = "1"
-    # pip older than 21.3 builds executables such as pip.exe for x64 platform.
+    # upgrade pip to the version matching our constraints
-    # The first re-install of pip updates pip module but builds pip.exe using
+    # if necessary, reinstall it to ensure that it's available on PATH as 'pip.exe'
-    # the old pip which still generates x64 executable. But the second
+    if not use_uv:
    # re-install uses updated pip and correctly builds pip.exe for the target.
    # This can be removed once ARM64 Pythons (currently 3.9 and 3.10) bundle
    # pip versions newer than 21.3.
    if python_configuration.arch == "ARM64" and Version(get_pip_version(env)) < Version("21.3"):
        call(
            "python",
            "-m",
            "pip",
            "install",
            "--force-reinstall",
            "--upgrade",
            "pip",
            *dependency_constraint_flags,
@@ -280,20 +281,6 @@ def setup_python(
            cwd=venv_path,
        )
    # upgrade pip to the version matching our constraints
    # if necessary, reinstall it to ensure that it's available on PATH as 'pip.exe'
    call(
        "python",
        "-m",
        "pip",
        "install",
        "--upgrade",
        "pip",
        *dependency_constraint_flags,
        env=env,
        cwd=venv_path,
    )
    # update env with results from CIBW_ENVIRONMENT
    env = environment.as_dictionary(prev_environment=env)
@@ -303,23 +290,18 @@ def setup_python(
    call("python", "-c", "\"import struct; print(struct.calcsize('P') * 8)\"", env=env)
    where_python = call("where", "python", env=env, capture_stdout=True).splitlines()[0].strip()
    if where_python != str(venv_path / "Scripts" / "python.exe"):
-        print(
+        msg = "python available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert python above it."
-            "cibuildwheel: python available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert python above it.",
+        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
            file=sys.stderr,
        )
        sys.exit(1)
    # check what pip version we're on
-    assert (venv_path / "Scripts" / "pip.exe").exists()
+    if not use_uv:
-    where_pip = call("where", "pip", env=env, capture_stdout=True).splitlines()[0].strip()
+        assert (venv_path / "Scripts" / "pip.exe").exists()
-    if where_pip.strip() != str(venv_path / "Scripts" / "pip.exe"):
+        where_pip = call("where", "pip", env=env, capture_stdout=True).splitlines()[0].strip()
-        print(
+        if where_pip.strip() != str(venv_path / "Scripts" / "pip.exe"):
-            "cibuildwheel: pip available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert pip above it.",
+            msg = "pip available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert pip above it."
-            file=sys.stderr,
+            raise errors.FatalError(msg)
        )
        sys.exit(1)
-    call("pip", "--version", env=env)
+        call("pip", "--version", env=env)
    log.step("Installing build tools...")
    if build_frontend == "build":
@@ -331,13 +313,24 @@ def setup_python(
            *dependency_constraint_flags,
            env=env,
        )
    elif build_frontend == "build[uv]":
        assert uv_path is not None
        call(
            uv_path,
            "pip",
            "install",
            "--upgrade",
            "build[virtualenv]",
            *dependency_constraint_flags,
            env=env,
        )
    if python_libs_base:
        # Set up the environment for various backends to enable cross-compilation
        setup_setuptools_cross_compile(tmp, python_configuration, python_libs_base, env)
        setup_rust_cross_compile(tmp, python_configuration, python_libs_base, env)
-    return env
+    return base_python, env
 def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
@@ -365,6 +358,9 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
        for config in python_configurations:
            build_options = options.build_options(config.identifier)
            build_frontend = build_options.build_frontend or BuildFrontendConfig("pip")
            use_uv = build_frontend.name == "build[uv]" and Version(config.version) >= Version(
                "3.8"
            )
            log.build_start(config.identifier)
            identifier_tmp_dir = tmp_path / config.identifier
@@ -380,13 +376,15 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                ]
            # install Python
-            env = setup_python(
+            base_python, env = setup_python(
                identifier_tmp_dir / "build",
                config,
                dependency_constraint_flags,
                build_options.environment,
                build_frontend.name,
            )
            if not use_uv:
                pip_version = get_pip_version(env)
            compatible_wheel = find_compatible_wheel(built_wheels, config.identifier)
            if compatible_wheel:
@@ -415,26 +413,14 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                extra_flags += build_frontend.args
                build_env = env.copy()
-                build_env["VIRTUALENV_PIP"] = get_pip_version(env)
+                if not use_uv:
                    build_env["VIRTUALENV_PIP"] = pip_version
                if build_options.dependency_constraints:
                    constraints_path = build_options.dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version(
                        config.version
                    )
-                    # Bug in pip <= 21.1.3 - we can't have a space in the
+                    combine_constraints(build_env, constraints_path, identifier_tmp_dir)
                    # constraints file, and pip doesn't support drive letters
                    # in uhi.  After probably pip 21.2, we can use uri. For
                    # now, use a temporary file.
                    if " " in str(constraints_path):
                        assert " " not in str(identifier_tmp_dir)
                        tmp_file = identifier_tmp_dir / "constraints.txt"
                        tmp_file.write_bytes(constraints_path.read_bytes())
                        constraints_path = tmp_file
                    our_constraints = str(constraints_path)
                    user_constraints = build_env.get("PIP_CONSTRAINT")
                    build_env["PIP_CONSTRAINT"] = " ".join(
                        c for c in [our_constraints, user_constraints] if c
                    )
                if build_frontend.name == "pip":
                    extra_flags += get_build_verbosity_extra_flags(build_options.build_verbosity)
@@ -451,10 +437,12 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                        *extra_flags,
                        env=build_env,
                    )
-                elif build_frontend.name == "build":
+                elif build_frontend.name == "build" or build_frontend.name == "build[uv]":
                    if not 0 <= build_options.build_verbosity < 2:
                        msg = f"build_verbosity {build_options.build_verbosity} is not supported for build frontend. Ignoring."
                        log.warning(msg)
                    if use_uv:
                        extra_flags.append("--installer=uv")
                    call(
                        "python",
                        "-m",
@@ -508,12 +496,20 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                log.step("Testing wheel...")
                # set up a virtual environment to install and test from, to make sure
                # there are no dependencies that were pulled in at build time.
-                call("pip", "install", "virtualenv", *dependency_constraint_flags, env=env)
+                if not use_uv:
                    call("pip", "install", "virtualenv", *dependency_constraint_flags, env=env)
                venv_dir = identifier_tmp_dir / "venv-test"
-                # Use --no-download to ensure determinism by using seed libraries
+                if use_uv:
-                # built into virtualenv
+                    call("uv", "venv", venv_dir, f"--python={base_python}", env=env)
-                call("python", "-m", "virtualenv", "--no-download", venv_dir, env=env)
+                else:
                    # Use pip version from the initial env to ensure determinism
                    venv_args = ["--no-periodic-update", f"--pip={pip_version}"]
                    # In Python<3.12, setuptools & wheel are installed as well, use virtualenv embedded ones
                    if Version(config.version) < Version("3.12"):
                        venv_args.extend(("--setuptools=embed", "--wheel=embed"))
                    call("python", "-m", "virtualenv", *venv_args, venv_dir, env=env)
                virtualenv_env = env.copy()
                virtualenv_env["PATH"] = os.pathsep.join(
@@ -522,14 +518,11 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                        virtualenv_env["PATH"],
                    ]
                )
                virtualenv_env["VIRTUAL_ENV"] = str(venv_dir)
                # check that we are using the Python from the virtual environment
                call("where", "python", env=virtualenv_env)
                # TODO remove me once virtualenv provides pip>=24.1b1
                if config.version.startswith("3.13."):
                    call("python", "-m", "pip", "install", "--pre", "-U", "pip", env=virtualenv_env)
                if build_options.before_test:
                    before_test_prepared = prepare_command(
                        build_options.before_test,
@@ -538,9 +531,11 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                    )
                    shell(before_test_prepared, env=virtualenv_env)
                pip = ["uv", "pip"] if use_uv else ["pip"]
                # install the wheel
                call(
-                    "pip",
+                    *pip,
                    "install",
                    str(repaired_wheel) + build_options.test_extras,
                    env=virtualenv_env,
@@ -548,7 +543,7 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                # test the wheel
                if build_options.test_requires:
-                    call("pip", "install", *build_options.test_requires, env=virtualenv_env)
+                    call(*pip, "install", *build_options.test_requires, env=virtualenv_env)
                # run the tests from a temp dir, with an absolute path in the command
                # (this ensures that Python runs the tests against the installed wheel
@@ -567,11 +562,13 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
            # we're all done here; move it to output (remove if already exists)
            if compatible_wheel is None:
-                with suppress(FileNotFoundError):
+                output_wheel = build_options.output_dir.joinpath(repaired_wheel.name)
-                    (build_options.output_dir / repaired_wheel.name).unlink()
+                moved_wheel = move_file(repaired_wheel, output_wheel)
-
+                if moved_wheel != output_wheel.resolve():
-                shutil.move(str(repaired_wheel), build_options.output_dir)
+                    log.warning(
-                built_wheels.append(build_options.output_dir / repaired_wheel.name)
+                        "{repaired_wheel} was moved to {moved_wheel} instead of {output_wheel}"
                    )
                built_wheels.append(output_wheel)
            # clean up
            # (we ignore errors because occasionally Windows fails to unlink a file and we
@@ -580,7 +577,5 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
            log.build_end()
    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as error:
-        log.step_end_with_error(
+        msg = f"Command {error.cmd} failed with code {error.returncode}. {error.stdout or ''}"
-            f"Command {error.cmd} failed with code {error.returncode}. {error.stdout}"
+        raise errors.FatalError(msg) from error
        )
        sys.exit(1)
@@ -4,6 +4,33 @@ title: Changelog
 # Changelog
 ### v2.19.1
 - 🐛 Don't require setup-python on GHA for Pyodide (#1868)
 - 🐛 Specify full python path for uv (fixes issue in 0.2.10 & 0.2.11) (#1881)
 - 🛠 Update for pip 24.1b2 on CPython 3.13. (#1879)
 - 🛠 Fix a warning in our schema generation script. (#1866)
 - 🛠 Cleaner output on pytest 8-8.2. (#1865)
 ### v2.19.0
 See the [release post](https://iscinumpy.dev/post/cibuildwheel-2-19-0/) for more info on new features!
 - 🌟 Add Pyodide platform. Set with `--platform pyodide` or `CIBW_PLATFORM: pyodide` on Linux with a host Python 3.12 to build WebAssembly wheels. Not accepted on PyPI currently, but usable directly in a website using Pyodide, for live docs, etc. (#1456, #1859)
 - 🌟 Add `build[uv]` backend, which will take a pre-existing uv install (or install `cibuildwheel[uv]`) and use `uv` for all environment setup and installs on Python 3.8+. This is significantly faster in most cases. (#1856)
 - ✨ Add free-threaded macOS builds and update CPython to 3.13.0b2. (#1854)
 - 🐛 Issue copying a wheel to a non-existent output dir fixed. (#1851, #1862)
 - 🐛 Better determinism for the test environment seeding. (#1835)
 - 🛠 `VIRTUAL_ENV` variable now set. (#1842)
 - 🛠 Remove a pip<21.3 workaround. (#1842)
 - 🛠 Error handling was refactored to use exceptions. (#1719)
 - 🛠 Hardcoded paths in tests avoided. (#1834)
 - 🛠 Single Python tests made more generic. (#1835)
 - 🛠 Sped up our ci by splitting up emulation tests. (#1839)
 ### v2.18.1
 - 🌟 Add free-threaded Linux and Windows builds for 3.13. New identifiers `cp313t-*`, new option `CIBW_FREE_THREADED_SUPPORT`/`tool.cibuildwheel.free-threaded-support` required to opt-in. [See the docs](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#free-threaded-support) for more information. (#1831)
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ Then, increment the project version number using:
 bin/bump_version.py
 ```
-You'll be prompted to enter the new version number. Update the changelog when prompted. The script will create a 'bump version' commit and version tag.
+(or `nox -s bump_version`) You'll be prompted to enter the new version number. Update the changelog when prompted. The script will create a 'bump version' commit and version tag.
 Finally, cut the release and push to GitHub.
@@ -186,3 +186,5 @@ git push && git push --tags
 ```
 Then head to https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/releases and create a GitHub release from the new tag, pasting in the changelog entry. Once the release is created inside GitHub, a CI job will create the assets and upload them to PyPI.
 If there were any schema updates, run `pipx run ./bin/generate_schema.py --schemastore > partial-cibuildwheel.json` and contribute the changes to SchemaStore.
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ There are two suggested methods for keeping cibuildwheel up to date that instead
 If you use GitHub Actions for builds, you can use cibuildwheel as an action:
 ```yaml
-uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.18.1
+uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.19.1
 ```
 This is a composite step that just runs cibuildwheel using pipx. You can set command-line options as `with:` parameters, and use `env:` as normal.
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ The second option, and the only one that supports other CI systems, is using a `
 ```bash
 # requirements-cibw.txt
-cibuildwheel==2.18.1
+cibuildwheel==2.19.1
 ```
 Then your install step would have `python -m pip install -r requirements-cibw.txt` in it. Your `.github/dependabot.yml` file could look like this:
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ Solutions to this vary, but the simplest is to use pipx:
 # most runners have pipx preinstalled, but in case you don't
 python3 -m pip install pipx
-pipx run cibuildwheel==2.18.1 --output-dir wheelhouse
+pipx run cibuildwheel==2.19.1 --output-dir wheelhouse
 pipx run twine upload wheelhouse/*.whl
 ```
@@ -91,9 +91,9 @@ You can configure cibuildwheel with a config file, such as `pyproject.toml`.
 Options have the same names as the environment variable overrides, but are
 placed in `[tool.cibuildwheel]` and are lower case, with dashes, following
 common [TOML][] practice. Anything placed in subsections `linux`, `windows`,
-or `macos` will only affect those platforms. Lists can be used instead of
+`macos`, or `pyodide` will only affect those platforms. Lists can be used
-strings for items that are naturally a list. Multiline strings also work just
+instead of strings for items that are naturally a list. Multiline strings also
-like in the environment variables. Environment variables will take
+work just like in the environment variables. Environment variables will take
 precedence if defined.
 The example above using environment variables could have been written like this:
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ environment variables will completely override any TOML configuration.
 > Override the auto-detected target platform
-Options: `auto` `linux` `macos` `windows`
+Options: `auto` `linux` `macos` `windows` `pyodide`
 Default: `auto`
@@ -255,6 +255,7 @@ Default: `auto`
 - For `linux`, you need [Docker or Podman](#container-engine) running, on Linux, macOS, or Windows.
 - For `macos` and `windows`, you need to be running on the respective system, with a working compiler toolchain installed - Xcode Command Line tools for macOS, and MSVC for Windows.
 - For `pyodide` you need to be on an x86-64 linux runner and `python3.12` must be available in `PATH`.
 This option can also be set using the [command-line option](#command-line) `--platform`. This option is not available in the `pyproject.toml` config.
@@ -309,6 +310,9 @@ For CPython, the minimally supported macOS version is 10.9; for PyPy 3.7, macOS
 Windows arm64 platform support is experimental.
 For an experimental WebAssembly build with `--platform pyodide`,
 `cp312-pyodide_wasm32` is the only platform identifier.
 See the [cibuildwheel 1 documentation](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/1.x/) for past end-of-life versions of Python, and PyPy2.7.
 #### Examples
@@ -474,6 +478,7 @@ Options:
 - Linux: `x86_64` `i686` `aarch64` `ppc64le` `s390x`
 - macOS: `x86_64` `arm64` `universal2`
 - Windows: `AMD64` `x86` `ARM64`
 - Pyodide: `wasm32`
 - `auto`: The default archs for your machine - see the table below.
    - `auto64`: Just the 64-bit auto archs
    - `auto32`: Just the 32-bit auto archs
@@ -619,7 +624,7 @@ This option can also be set using the [command-line option](#command-line) `--pr
 ## Build customization
 ### `CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND` {: #build-frontend}
-> Set the tool to use to build, either "pip" (default for now) or "build"
+> Set the tool to use to build, either "pip" (default for now), "build", or "build[uv]"
 Options:
@@ -631,17 +636,30 @@ Default: `pip`
 Choose which build frontend to use. Can either be "pip", which will run
 `python -m pip wheel`, or "build", which will run `python -m build --wheel`.
 You can also use "build[uv]", which will use an external [uv][] everywhere
 possible, both through `--installer=uv` passed to build, as well as when making
 all build and test environments. This will generally speed up cibuildwheel.
 Make sure you have an external uv on Windows and macOS, either by
 pre-installing it, or installing cibuildwheel with the uv extra,
 `cibuildwheel[uv]`. `uv` will not be used for Python 3.6 or Python 3.7. You
 cannot use uv currently on Windows for ARM or for musllinux on s390x as
 binaries are not provided by uv. Legacy dependencies like setuptools on Python
 < 3.12 and pip are not installed if using uv.
 Pyodide ignores this setting, as only "build" is supported.
 You can specify extra arguments to pass to `pip wheel` or `build` using the
 optional `args` option.
 !!! tip
-    Until v2.0.0, [pip] was the only way to build wheels, and is still the
+    Until v2.0.0, [pip][] was the only way to build wheels, and is still the
    default. However, we expect that at some point in the future, cibuildwheel
-    will change the default to [build], in line with the PyPA's recommendation.
+    will change the default to [build][], in line with the PyPA's recommendation.
    If you want to try `build` before this, you can use this option.
 [pip]: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/cli/pip_wheel/
 [build]: https://github.com/pypa/build/
 [uv]: https://github.com/astral-sh/uv
 #### Examples
@@ -656,6 +674,12 @@ optional `args` option.
    # supply an extra argument to 'pip wheel'
    CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND: "pip; args: --no-build-isolation"
    # Use uv and build
    CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND: "build[uv]"
    # Use uv and build with an argument
    CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND: "build[uv]; args: --no-isolation"
    ```
 !!! tab examples "pyproject.toml"
@@ -670,6 +694,12 @@ optional `args` option.
    # supply an extra argument to 'pip wheel'
    build-frontend = { name = "pip", args = ["--no-build-isolation"] }
    # Use uv and build
    build-frontend = "build[uv]"
    # Use uv and build with an argument
    build-frontend = { name = "build[uv]", args = ["--no-isolation"] }
    ```
 ### `CIBW_CONFIG_SETTINGS` {: #config-settings}
@@ -684,7 +714,7 @@ a table of items, including arrays.
    single values.
 Platform-specific environment variables also available:<br/>
-`CIBW_CONFIG_SETTINGS_MACOS` | `CIBW_CONFIG_SETTINGS_WINDOWS` | `CIBW_CONFIG_SETTINGS_LINUX`
+`CIBW_CONFIG_SETTINGS_MACOS` | `CIBW_CONFIG_SETTINGS_WINDOWS` | `CIBW_CONFIG_SETTINGS_LINUX` | `CIBW_CONFIG_SETTINGS_PYODIDE`
 #### Examples
@@ -715,7 +745,7 @@ You can use `$PATH` syntax to insert other variables, or the `$(pwd)` syntax to
 To specify more than one environment variable, separate the assignments by spaces.
 Platform-specific environment variables are also available:<br/>
-`CIBW_ENVIRONMENT_MACOS` | `CIBW_ENVIRONMENT_WINDOWS` | `CIBW_ENVIRONMENT_LINUX`
+`CIBW_ENVIRONMENT_MACOS` | `CIBW_ENVIRONMENT_WINDOWS` | `CIBW_ENVIRONMENT_LINUX` | `CIBW_ENVIRONMENT_PYODIDE`
 #### Examples
@@ -788,7 +818,7 @@ Platform-specific environment variables are also available:<br/>
    In configuration mode, you can use a [TOML][] table instead of a raw string as shown above.
 !!! note
-    cibuildwheel always defines the environment variable `CIBUILDWHEEL=1`. This can be useful for [building wheels with optional extensions](faq.md#building-packages-with-optional-c-extensions).
+    cibuildwheel always defines the environment variable `CIBUILDWHEEL=1`. This can be useful for [building wheels with optional extensions](faq.md#optional-extensions).
 !!! note
    To do its work, cibuildwheel sets the variables `VIRTUALENV_PIP`, `DIST_EXTRA_CONFIG`, `SETUPTOOLS_EXT_SUFFIX`, `PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK`, `PIP_ROOT_USER_ACTION`, and it extends the variables `PATH` and `PIP_CONSTRAINT`. Your assignments to these options might be replaced or extended.
@@ -847,7 +877,7 @@ On linux, overriding it triggers a new container launch. It cannot be overridden
 on macOS and Windows.
 Platform-specific environment variables also available:<br/>
-`CIBW_BEFORE_ALL_MACOS` | `CIBW_BEFORE_ALL_WINDOWS` | `CIBW_BEFORE_ALL_LINUX`
+`CIBW_BEFORE_ALL_MACOS` | `CIBW_BEFORE_ALL_WINDOWS` | `CIBW_BEFORE_ALL_LINUX` | `CIBW_BEFORE_ALL_PYODIDE`
 !!! note
@@ -912,7 +942,7 @@ The active Python binary can be accessed using `python`, and pip with `pip`; cib
 The command is run in a shell, so you can write things like `cmd1 && cmd2`.
 Platform-specific environment variables are also available:<br/>
- `CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD_MACOS` | `CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD_WINDOWS` | `CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD_LINUX`
+ `CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD_MACOS` | `CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD_WINDOWS` | `CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD_LINUX` | `CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD_PYODIDE`
 #### Examples
@@ -993,6 +1023,7 @@ Default:
 - on Linux: `'auditwheel repair -w {dest_dir} {wheel}'`
 - on macOS: `'delocate-wheel --require-archs {delocate_archs} -w {dest_dir} -v {wheel}'`
 - on Windows: `''`
 - on Pyodide: `''`
 A shell command to repair a built wheel by copying external library dependencies into the wheel tree and relinking them.
 The command is run on each built wheel (except for pure Python ones) before testing it.
@@ -1006,7 +1037,7 @@ The following placeholders must be used inside the command and will be replaced
 The command is run in a shell, so you can run multiple commands like `cmd1 && cmd2`.
 Platform-specific environment variables are also available:<br/>
-`CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND_MACOS` | `CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND_WINDOWS` | `CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND_LINUX`
+`CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND_MACOS` | `CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND_WINDOWS` | `CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND_LINUX` | `CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND_PYODIDE`
 !!! tip
    cibuildwheel doesn't yet ship a default repair command for Windows.
@@ -1017,6 +1048,12 @@ Platform-specific environment variables are also available:<br/>
    [Delvewheel]: https://github.com/adang1345/delvewheel
 !!! tip
    When using `--platform pyodide`, `pyodide build` is used to do the build,
    which already uses `auditwheel-emscripten` to repair the wheel, so the default
    repair command is empty. If there is a way to do this in two steps in the future,
    this could change.
 #### Examples
 !!! tab examples "Environment variables"
@@ -1281,7 +1318,7 @@ here and it will be used instead.
    `./constraints.txt` if that's not found.
 Platform-specific environment variables are also available:<br/>
-`CIBW_DEPENDENCY_VERSIONS_MACOS` | `CIBW_DEPENDENCY_VERSIONS_WINDOWS`
+`CIBW_DEPENDENCY_VERSIONS_MACOS` | `CIBW_DEPENDENCY_VERSIONS_WINDOWS` | `CIBW_DEPENDENCY_VERSIONS_PYODIDE`
 !!! note
    This option does not affect the tools used on the Linux build - those versions
@@ -1339,7 +1376,7 @@ not be installed after building.
 The command is run in a shell, so you can write things like `cmd1 && cmd2`.
 Platform-specific environment variables are also available:<br/>
-`CIBW_TEST_COMMAND_MACOS` | `CIBW_TEST_COMMAND_WINDOWS` | `CIBW_TEST_COMMAND_LINUX`
+`CIBW_TEST_COMMAND_MACOS` | `CIBW_TEST_COMMAND_WINDOWS` | `CIBW_TEST_COMMAND_LINUX` | `CIBW_TEST_COMMAND_PYODIDE`
 #### Examples
@@ -1402,7 +1439,7 @@ The active Python binary can be accessed using `python`, and pip with `pip`; cib
 The command is run in a shell, so you can write things like `cmd1 && cmd2`.
 Platform-specific environment variables are also available:<br/>
- `CIBW_BEFORE_TEST_MACOS` | `CIBW_BEFORE_TEST_WINDOWS` | `CIBW_BEFORE_TEST_LINUX`
+ `CIBW_BEFORE_TEST_MACOS` | `CIBW_BEFORE_TEST_WINDOWS` | `CIBW_BEFORE_TEST_LINUX` | `CIBW_BEFORE_TEST_PYODIDE`
 #### Examples
@@ -1462,7 +1499,7 @@ Platform-specific environment variables are also available:<br/>
 Space-separated list of dependencies required for running the tests.
 Platform-specific environment variables are also available:<br/>
-`CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES_MACOS` | `CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES_WINDOWS` | `CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES_LINUX`
+`CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES_MACOS` | `CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES_WINDOWS` | `CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES_LINUX` | `CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES_PYODIDE`
 #### Examples
@@ -1502,7 +1539,7 @@ tests. This can be used to avoid having to redefine test dependencies in
 `setup.cfg` or `setup.py`.
 Platform-specific environment variables are also available:<br/>
-`CIBW_TEST_EXTRAS_MACOS` | `CIBW_TEST_EXTRAS_WINDOWS` | `CIBW_TEST_EXTRAS_LINUX`
+`CIBW_TEST_EXTRAS_MACOS` | `CIBW_TEST_EXTRAS_WINDOWS` | `CIBW_TEST_EXTRAS_LINUX` | `CIBW_TEST_EXTRAS_PYODIDE`
 #### Examples
@@ -1575,13 +1612,27 @@ Default: Off (0).
 export CIBW_DEBUG_KEEP_CONTAINER=TRUE
 ```
 ### `CIBW_DEBUG_TRACEBACK`
 > Print full traceback when errors occur.
 Print a full traceback for the cibuildwheel process when errors occur. This
 option is provided for debugging cibuildwheel.
 This option can also be set using the [command-line option](#command-line) `--debug-traceback`.
 #### Examples
 ```shell
 export CIBW_DEBUG_TRACEBACK=TRUE
 ```
 ### `CIBW_BUILD_VERBOSITY` {: #build-verbosity}
 > Increase/decrease the output of pip wheel
 A number from 1 to 3 to increase the level of verbosity (corresponding to invoking pip with `-v`, `-vv`, and `-vvv`), between -1 and -3 (`-q`, `-qq`, and `-qqq`), or just 0 (default verbosity). These flags are useful while debugging a build when the output of the actual build invoked by `pip wheel` is required. Has no effect on the `build` backend, which produces verbose output by default.
 Platform-specific environment variables are also available:<br/>
-`CIBW_BUILD_VERBOSITY_MACOS` | `CIBW_BUILD_VERBOSITY_WINDOWS` | `CIBW_BUILD_VERBOSITY_LINUX`
+`CIBW_BUILD_VERBOSITY_MACOS` | `CIBW_BUILD_VERBOSITY_WINDOWS` | `CIBW_BUILD_VERBOSITY_LINUX` | `CIBW_BUILD_VERBOSITY_PYODIDE`
 #### Examples
@@ -1601,12 +1652,25 @@ Platform-specific environment variables are also available:<br/>
    ```
-## Command line options {: #command-line}
+## Command line {: #command-line}
 ### Options
 ```text
 « subprocess_run("cibuildwheel", "--help") »
 ```
 ### Return codes
 cibuildwheel exits 0 on success, or >0 if an error occurs.
 Specific error codes are defined:
 - 2 means a configuration error
 - 3 means no builds are selected (and --allow-empty wasn't passed)
 - 4 means you specified an option that has been deprecated.
 ## Placeholders
 Some options support placeholders, like `{project}`, `{package}` or `{wheel}`, that are substituted by cibuildwheel before they are used. If, for some reason, you need to write the literal name of a placeholder, e.g. literally `{project}` in a command that would ordinarily substitute `{project}`, prefix it with a hash character - `#{project}`. This is only necessary in commands where the specific string between the curly brackets would be substituted - otherwise, strings not modified.
@@ -107,6 +107,13 @@ You can override the cache folder using the ``CIBW_CACHE_PATH`` environment vari
    Download link: https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.8/python-3.6.8-macosx10.9.pkg
    ```
 ### Pyodide (WebAssembly) builds (experimental)
 Pre-requisite: you need to have a matching host version of Python (unlike all
 other cibuildwheel platforms). Linux host highly recommended; macOS hosts may
 work (e.g. invoking `pytest` directly in [`CIBW_TEST_COMMAND`](options.md#test-command) is [currently failing](https://github.com/pyodide/pyodide/issues/4802)) and Windows hosts will not work.
 You must target pyodide with `--platform pyodide` (or use `--only` on the identifier).
 ## Configure a CI service
@@ -154,7 +161,7 @@ To build Linux, Mac, and Windows wheels using GitHub Actions, create a `.github/
          - uses: actions/checkout@v4
          - name: Build wheels
-            run: pipx run cibuildwheel==2.18.1
+            run: pipx run cibuildwheel==2.19.1
          - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
            with:
@@ -191,7 +198,7 @@ To build Linux, Mac, and Windows wheels using GitHub Actions, create a `.github/
          - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
          - name: Install cibuildwheel
-            run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.18.1
+            run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.19.1
          - name: Build wheels
            run: python -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ title: Working examples
 | [Tornado][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] ![apple icon][] ![windows icon][] | Tornado is a Python web framework and asynchronous networking library. Uses stable ABI for a small C extension. |
 | [Matplotlib][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The venerable Matplotlib, a Python library with C++ portions |
 | [NCNN][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | ncnn is a high-performance neural network inference framework optimized for the mobile platform |
 | [duckdb][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | DuckDB is an analytical in-process SQL database management system |
 | [Prophet][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Tool for producing high quality forecasts for time series data that has multiple seasonality with linear or non-linear growth. |
 | [MyPy][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | The compiled version of MyPy using MyPyC. |
 | [duckdb][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | DuckDB is an in-process SQL OLAP Database Management System |
 | [Kivy][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Open source UI framework written in Python, running on Windows, Linux, macOS, Android and iOS |
 | [MemRay][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] | Memray is a memory profiler for Python |
 | [Triton][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] | Self hosted runners |
@@ -108,8 +108,8 @@ title: Working examples
 | [numpythia][]                     | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The interface between PYTHIA and NumPy |
 | [pyjet][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The interface between FastJet and NumPy |
 | [ril][]                           | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A python binding to Rust Imaging library using maturin and Pyo3, utilizes Github Action cache to improve speed. Builds abi3 wheels. |
 | [GSD][]                           | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Cython and NumPy project with 64-bit wheels. |
 | [SiPM][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | High performance library for SiPM detectors simulation using C++17, OpenMP and AVX2 intrinsics. |
 | [GSD][]                           | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Cython and NumPy project with 64-bit wheels. |
 | [CorrectionLib][]                 | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Structured JSON powered correction library for HEP, designed for the CMS experiment at CERN. |
 | [aalink][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Async Python interface for Ableton Link. |
 | [xmlstarlet][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python 3.6+ CFFI bindings with true MSVC build. |
@@ -123,9 +123,9 @@ title: Working examples
 [Tornado]: https://github.com/tornadoweb/tornado
 [Matplotlib]: https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib
 [NCNN]: https://github.com/Tencent/ncnn
 [duckdb]: https://github.com/duckdb/duckdb
 [Prophet]: https://github.com/facebook/prophet
 [MyPy]: https://github.com/mypyc/mypy_mypyc-wheels
 [duckdb]: https://github.com/duckdb/duckdb
 [Kivy]: https://github.com/kivy/kivy
 [MemRay]: https://github.com/bloomberg/memray
 [Triton]: https://github.com/openai/triton
@@ -217,8 +217,8 @@ title: Working examples
 [numpythia]: https://github.com/scikit-hep/numpythia
 [pyjet]: https://github.com/scikit-hep/pyjet
 [ril]: https://github.com/Cryptex-github/ril-py
 [GSD]: https://github.com/glotzerlab/gsd
 [SiPM]: https://github.com/EdoPro98/SimSiPM
 [GSD]: https://github.com/glotzerlab/gsd
 [CorrectionLib]: https://github.com/cms-nanoAOD/correctionlib
 [aalink]: https://github.com/artfwo/aalink
 [xmlstarlet]: https://github.com/dimitern/xmlstarlet
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ stack: python 3.7
 init:
 - cmd: set PATH=C:\Python37;C:\Python37\Scripts;%PATH%
-install: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.18.1
+install: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.19.1
 build_script: python -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ jobs:
    - bash: |
        set -o errexit
        python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        pip3 install cibuildwheel==2.18.1
+        pip3 install cibuildwheel==2.19.1
      displayName: Install dependencies
    - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
      displayName: Build wheels
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
    - bash: |
        set -o errexit
        python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.18.1
+        python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.19.1
      displayName: Install dependencies
    - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
      displayName: Build wheels
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ jobs:
    - bash: |
        set -o errexit
        python -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        pip install cibuildwheel==2.18.1
+        pip install cibuildwheel==2.19.1
      displayName: Install dependencies
    - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
      displayName: Build wheels
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ jobs:
      - run:
          name: Build the Linux wheels.
          command: |
-            pip3 install --user cibuildwheel==2.18.1
+            pip3 install --user cibuildwheel==2.19.1
            cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
      - store_artifacts:
          path: wheelhouse/
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ jobs:
      - run:
          name: Build the Linux aarch64 wheels.
          command: |
-            python3 -m pip install --user cibuildwheel==2.18.1
+            python3 -m pip install --user cibuildwheel==2.19.1
            python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
      - store_artifacts:
          path: wheelhouse/
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ jobs:
      - run:
          name: Build the OS X wheels.
          command: |
-            pip3 install cibuildwheel==2.18.1
+            pip3 install cibuildwheel==2.19.1
            cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
      - store_artifacts:
          path: wheelhouse/
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 build_and_store_wheels: &BUILD_AND_STORE_WHEELS
  install_cibuildwheel_script:
-    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.18.1
+    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.19.1
  run_cibuildwheel_script:
    - cibuildwheel
  wheels_artifacts:
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 build_and_store_wheels: &BUILD_AND_STORE_WHEELS
  install_cibuildwheel_script:
-    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.18.1
+    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.19.1
  run_cibuildwheel_script:
    - cibuildwheel
  wheels_artifacts:
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.18.1
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.19.1
      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.18.1
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.19.1
        # env:
        #   CIBW_SOME_OPTION: value
        #    ...
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
          platforms: all
      - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.18.1
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.19.1
        env:
          # configure cibuildwheel to build native archs ('auto'), and some
          # emulated ones
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ linux:
    DOCKER_TLS_CERTDIR: ""
  script:
    - curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh
-    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.18.1
+    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.19.1
    - cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
  artifacts:
    paths:
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ windows:
  before_script:
    - choco install python -y --version 3.8.6
    - choco install git.install -y
-    - py -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.18.1
+    - py -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.19.1
  script:
    - py -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse --platform windows
  artifacts:
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ linux:
    - curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh
    # Warning: This is extremely slow, be careful with how many wheels you build
    - docker run --rm --privileged multiarch/qemu-user-static --reset -p yes
-    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.18.1
+    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.19.1
    # Assuming your CI runner's default architecture is x86_64...
    - cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse --platform linux --archs aarch64
  artifacts:
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
        - ln -s /c/Python38/python.exe /c/Python38/python3.exe
 install:
-  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.18.1
+  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.19.1
 script:
  # build the wheels, put them into './dist'
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ jobs:
        - ln -s /c/Python38/python.exe /c/Python38/python3.exe
 install:
-  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.18.1
+  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.19.1
 script:
  # build the wheels, put them into './wheelhouse'
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ jobs:
    - stage: deploy
      name: Build and deploy Linux wheels
      services: docker
-      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.18.1 twine
+      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.19.1 twine
      script: python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
      after_success: python3 -m twine upload --skip-existing wheelhouse/*.whl
    # Deploy on windows
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
      name: Build and deploy Windows wheels
      os: windows
      language: shell
-      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.18.1 twine
+      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.19.1 twine
      script: python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
      after_success: python3 -m twine upload --skip-existing wheelhouse/*.whl
@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ def update_constraints(session: nox.Session) -> None:
    Update the dependencies inplace.
    """
    resources = Path("cibuildwheel/resources")
    if session.venv_backend != "uv":
        session.install("uv>=0.1.23")
@@ -79,22 +81,42 @@ def update_constraints(session: nox.Session) -> None:
        # CUSTOM_COMPILE_COMMAND is a pip-compile option that tells users how to
        # regenerate the constraints files
        env["UV_CUSTOM_COMPILE_COMMAND"] = f"nox -s {session.name}"
        output_file = resources / f"constraints-python{python_version.replace('.', '')}.txt"
        session.run(
            "uv",
            "pip",
            "compile",
            f"--python-version={python_version}",
            "--upgrade",
-            "cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in",
+            resources / "constraints.in",
-            f"--output-file=cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python{python_version.replace('.', '')}.txt",
+            f"--output-file={output_file}",
            env=env,
        )
-    RESOURCES = DIR / "cibuildwheel" / "resources"
+
    shutil.copyfile(
-        RESOURCES / "constraints-python312.txt",
+        resources / "constraints-python312.txt",
-        RESOURCES / "constraints.txt",
+        resources / "constraints.txt",
    )
    build_platforms = nox.project.load_toml(resources / "build-platforms.toml")
    pyodides = build_platforms["pyodide"]["python_configurations"]
    for pyodide in pyodides:
        python_version = ".".join(pyodide["version"].split(".")[:2])
        pyodide_version = pyodide["pyodide_version"]
        output_file = resources / f"constraints-pyodide{python_version.replace('.', '')}.txt"
        tmp_file = Path(session.create_tmp()) / "constraints-pyodide.in"
        tmp_file.write_text(f"pip\nbuild[virtualenv]\npyodide-build=={pyodide_version}")
        session.run(
            "uv",
            "pip",
            "compile",
            f"--python-version={python_version}",
            "--upgrade",
            tmp_file,
            f"--output-file={output_file}",
            env=env,
        )
@nox.session
 def update_pins(session: nox.Session) -> None:
@@ -105,6 +127,7 @@ def update_pins(session: nox.Session) -> None:
    session.run("python", "bin/update_pythons.py", "--force")
    session.run("python", "bin/update_docker.py")
    session.run("python", "bin/update_virtualenv.py", "--force")
    session.run("python", "bin/update_nodejs.py", "--force")
@nox.session(reuse_venv=True)
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ build-backend = "hatchling.build"
 [project]
 name = "cibuildwheel"
-version = "2.18.1"
+version = "2.19.1"
 description = "Build Python wheels on CI with minimal configuration."
 readme = "README.md"
 license = "BSD-2-Clause"
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ test = [
    "tomli_w",
    "validate-pyproject",
 ]
 uv = ["uv"]
 [project.scripts]
 cibuildwheel = "cibuildwheel.__main__:main"
@@ -92,7 +93,12 @@ Homepage = "https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel"
 [tool.pytest.ini_options]
 minversion = "6.0"
-addopts = ["-ra", "--showlocals", "--strict-markers", "--strict-config"]
+addopts = [
  "-rfEsX",  # TODO: replace with -ra when pytest > 8.2.2 is released
  "--showlocals",
  "--strict-markers",
  "--strict-config",
 ]
 junit_family = "xunit2"
 xfail_strict = true
 filterwarnings = ["error"]
@@ -176,6 +182,7 @@ messages_control.disable = [
  "wrong-import-position",
  "unused-argument",  # Handled by Ruff
  "broad-exception-raised",  # Could be improved eventually
  "consider-using-in",  # MyPy can't narrow "in"
 ]
 [tool.ruff]
@@ -6,14 +6,18 @@ from typing import Generator
 import pytest
-from cibuildwheel.util import detect_ci_provider
+from cibuildwheel.util import detect_ci_provider, find_uv
-from .utils import platform
+from .utils import EMULATED_ARCHS, platform
 def pytest_addoption(parser) -> None:
    parser.addoption(
-        "--run-emulation", action="store_true", default=False, help="run emulation tests"
+        "--run-emulation",
        action="store",
        default=None,
        help="run emulation tests",
        choices=("all", *EMULATED_ARCHS),
    )
    parser.addoption("--run-podman", action="store_true", default=False, help="run podman tests")
    parser.addoption(
@@ -27,10 +31,21 @@ def pytest_addoption(parser) -> None:
@pytest.fixture(
    params=[{"CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND": "pip"}, {"CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND": "build"}], ids=["pip", "build"]
 )
-def build_frontend_env(request) -> dict[str, str]:
+def build_frontend_env_nouv(request) -> dict[str, str]:
    if platform == "pyodide":
        pytest.skip("Can't use pip as build frontend for pyodide platform")
    return request.param  # type: ignore[no-any-return]
@pytest.fixture()
 def build_frontend_env(build_frontend_env_nouv: dict[str, str]) -> dict[str, str]:
    if build_frontend_env_nouv["CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND"] == "build" and find_uv() is not None:
        return {"CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND": "build[uv]"}
    return build_frontend_env_nouv
@pytest.fixture()
 def docker_cleanup() -> Generator[None, None, None]:
    def get_images() -> set[str]:
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ limited_api_project = test_projects.new_c_project(
        CAN_USE_ABI3 = IS_CPYTHON and not Py_GIL_DISABLED
        cmdclass = {}
        extension_kwargs = {}
-        if CAN_USE_ABI3 and sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 8):
+        if CAN_USE_ABI3 and sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 10):
            from wheel.bdist_wheel import bdist_wheel as _bdist_wheel
            class bdist_wheel_abi3(_bdist_wheel):
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ limited_api_project = test_projects.new_c_project(
                    return python, "abi3", plat
            cmdclass["bdist_wheel"] = bdist_wheel_abi3
-            extension_kwargs["define_macros"] = [("Py_LIMITED_API", "0x03080000")]
+            extension_kwargs["define_macros"] = [("Py_LIMITED_API", "0x030A0000")]
            extension_kwargs["py_limited_api"] = True
    """
    ),
@@ -48,23 +48,32 @@ def test_abi3(tmp_path):
    project_dir = tmp_path / "project"
    limited_api_project.generate(project_dir)
    single_python_tag = "cp{}{}".format(*utils.SINGLE_PYTHON_VERSION)
    # build the wheels
    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(
        project_dir,
        add_env={
            # free_threaded and PyPy do not have a Py_LIMITED_API equivalent, just build one of those
-            "CIBW_BUILD": "cp3?-* cp31?-* cp313t-* pp310-*"
+            # also limit the number of builds for test performance reasons
            "CIBW_BUILD": f"cp39-* cp310-* pp310-* {single_python_tag}-* cp313t-*"
        },
    )
    # check that the expected wheels are produced
-    expected_wheels = [
+    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0")
-        w.replace("cp38-cp38", "cp38-abi3")
+    if utils.platform == "pyodide":
-        for w in utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0")
+        # there's only 1 possible configuration for pyodide, the single_python_tag one
-        if ("-pp310" in w or "-pp" not in w)
+        expected_wheels = [
-        and "-cp39" not in w
+            w.replace(f"{single_python_tag}-{single_python_tag}", f"{single_python_tag}-abi3")
-        and ("-cp313t" in w or "-cp31" not in w)
+            for w in expected_wheels
-    ]
+        ]
    else:
        expected_wheels = [
            w.replace("cp310-cp310", "cp310-abi3")
            for w in expected_wheels
            if "-cp39" in w or "-cp310" in w or "-pp310" in w or "-cp313t" in w
        ]
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
@@ -183,9 +192,9 @@ def test_abi_none(tmp_path, capfd):
        project_dir,
        add_env={
            "CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES": "pytest",
-            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND": "pytest {project}/test",
+            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND": f"{utils.invoke_pytest()} {{project}}/test",
            # limit the number of builds for test performance reasons
-            "CIBW_BUILD": "cp38-* cp310-* cp313t-* pp310-*",
+            "CIBW_BUILD": "cp38-* cp{}{}-* cp313t-* pp310-*".format(*utils.SINGLE_PYTHON_VERSION),
        },
    )
@@ -196,4 +205,8 @@ def test_abi_none(tmp_path, capfd):
    # check that each wheel was built once, and reused
    captured = capfd.readouterr()
    assert "Building wheel..." in captured.out
-    assert "Found previously built wheel" in captured.out
+    if utils.platform == "pyodide":
        # there's only 1 possible configuration for pyodide, we won't see the message expected on following builds
        assert "Found previously built wheel" not in captured.out
    else:
        assert "Found previously built wheel" in captured.out
@@ -10,13 +10,22 @@ from . import test_projects, utils
 project_with_before_build_asserts = test_projects.new_c_project(
    setup_py_add=textwrap.dedent(
        r"""
-        # assert that the Python version as written to text_info.txt in the CIBW_BEFORE_ALL step
+        import os
-        # is the same one as is currently running.
+
        with open("text_info.txt") as f:
            stored_text = f.read()
        print("## stored text: " + stored_text)
        assert stored_text == "sample text 123"
        # assert that the Python version as written to python_prefix.txt in the CIBW_BEFORE_ALL step
        # is not the same one as is currently running.
        with open('python_prefix.txt') as f:
            stored_prefix = f.read()
        print('stored_prefix', stored_prefix)
        print('sys.prefix', sys.prefix)
        #  Works around path-comparison bugs caused by short-paths on Windows e.g.
        #  vssadm~1 instead of vssadministrator
        assert not os.path.samefile(stored_prefix, sys.prefix)
        """
    )
 )
@@ -30,21 +39,24 @@ def test(tmp_path):
        print("dummy text", file=ff)
    # build the wheels
-    before_all_command = '''python -c "import os;open('{project}/text_info.txt', 'w').write('sample text '+os.environ.get('TEST_VAL', ''))"'''
+    before_all_command = (
        """python -c "import os, sys;open('{project}/text_info.txt', 'w').write('sample text '+os.environ.get('TEST_VAL', ''))" && """
        '''python -c "import sys; open('{project}/python_prefix.txt', 'w').write(sys.prefix)"'''
    )
    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(
        project_dir,
        add_env={
            # write python version information to a temporary file, this is
            # checked in setup.py
            "CIBW_BEFORE_ALL": before_all_command,
-            "CIBW_BEFORE_ALL_LINUX": f'{before_all_command} && python -c "import sys; assert sys.version_info >= (3, 6)"',
+            "CIBW_BEFORE_ALL_LINUX": f'{before_all_command} && python -c "import sys; assert sys.version_info >= (3, 8)"',
            "CIBW_ENVIRONMENT": "TEST_VAL='123'",
        },
        single_python=True,
    )
    # also check that we got the right wheels
-    (project_dir / "text_info.txt").unlink()
+    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", single_python=True)
    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0")
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
@@ -72,7 +84,8 @@ def test_cwd(tmp_path):
            "CIBW_BEFORE_ALL": f'''python -c "import os; assert os.getcwd() == {str(project_dir)!r}"''',
            "CIBW_BEFORE_ALL_LINUX": '''python -c "import os; assert os.getcwd() == '/project'"''',
        },
        single_python=True,
    )
-    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0")
+    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", single_python=True)
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
@@ -7,33 +7,32 @@ import pytest
 from . import test_projects, utils
 # pyodide does not support building without isolation, need to check the base_prefix
 SYS_PREFIX = f"sys.{'base_' if utils.platform == 'pyodide' else ''}prefix"
 project_with_before_build_asserts = test_projects.new_c_project(
    setup_py_add=textwrap.dedent(
-        r"""
+        rf"""
        import os
        # assert that the Python version as written to pythonversion_bb.txt in the CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD step
        # is the same one as is currently running.
-        version_file = 'c:\\pythonversion_bb.txt' if sys.platform == 'win32' else '/tmp/pythonversion_bb.txt'
+        with open('pythonversion_bb.txt') as f:
        with open(version_file) as f:
            stored_version = f.read()
        print('stored_version', stored_version)
        print('sys.version', sys.version)
        assert stored_version == sys.version
-        # check that the executable also was written
+        # check that the prefix also was written
-        executable_file = 'c:\\pythonexecutable_bb.txt' if sys.platform == 'win32' else '/tmp/pythonexecutable_bb.txt'
+        with open('pythonprefix_bb.txt') as f:
-        with open(executable_file) as f:
+            stored_prefix = f.read()
-            stored_executable = f.read()
+        print('stored_prefix', stored_prefix)
-        print('stored_executable', stored_executable)
+        print('{SYS_PREFIX}', {SYS_PREFIX})
-        print('sys.executable', sys.executable)
+        #  Works around path-comparison bugs caused by short-paths on Windows e.g.
        #  vssadm~1 instead of vssadministrator
-        # windows/mac are case insensitive
+        assert os.path.samefile(stored_prefix, {SYS_PREFIX})
        stored_path = os.path.realpath(stored_executable).lower()
        current_path = os.path.realpath(sys.executable).lower()
        # TODO: This is not valid in an virtual environment
        assert stored_path == current_path, '{0} != {1}'.format(stored_path, current_path)
        """
    )
 )
@@ -44,8 +43,8 @@ def test(tmp_path):
    project_with_before_build_asserts.generate(project_dir)
    before_build = (
-        """python -c "import sys; open('{output_dir}pythonversion_bb.txt', 'w').write(sys.version)" && """
+        """python -c "import sys; open('{project}/pythonversion_bb.txt', 'w').write(sys.version)" && """
-        '''python -c "import sys; open('{output_dir}pythonexecutable_bb.txt', 'w').write(sys.executable)"'''
+        f'''python -c "import sys; open('{{project}}/pythonprefix_bb.txt', 'w').write({SYS_PREFIX})"'''
    )
    # build the wheels
@@ -54,8 +53,7 @@ def test(tmp_path):
        add_env={
            # write python version information to a temporary file, this is
            # checked in setup.py
-            "CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD": before_build.format(output_dir="/tmp/"),
+            "CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD": before_build,
            "CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD_WINDOWS": before_build.format(output_dir=r"c:\\"),
        },
    )
@@ -88,7 +86,8 @@ def test_cwd(tmp_path):
            "CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD": f'''python -c "import os; assert os.getcwd() == {str(project_dir)!r}"''',
            "CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD_LINUX": '''python -c "import os; assert os.getcwd() == '/project'"''',
        },
        single_python=True,
    )
-    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0")
+    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", single_python=True)
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
@@ -6,32 +6,31 @@ before_test_project = test_projects.new_c_project()
 before_test_project.files["test/spam_test.py"] = r"""
 import sys
 import os
 from pathlib import Path
 from unittest import TestCase
 PROJECT_DIR = Path(__file__).joinpath("..", "..").resolve()
 class TestBeforeTest(TestCase):
    def test_version(self):
        # assert that the Python version as written to pythonversion_bt.txt in the CIBW_BEFORE_TEST step
        # is the same one as is currently running.
        # because of use symlinks in MacOS run this test is also need
-        version_file = 'c:\\pythonversion_bt.txt' if sys.platform == 'win32' else '/tmp/pythonversion_bt.txt'
+        stored_version = PROJECT_DIR.joinpath('pythonversion_bt.txt').read_text()
        with open(version_file) as f:
            stored_version = f.read()
        print('stored_version', stored_version)
        print('sys.version', sys.version)
        assert stored_version == sys.version
    def test_prefix(self):
        # check that the prefix also was written
-        prefix_file = 'c:\\pythonprefix_bt.txt' if sys.platform == 'win32' else '/tmp/pythonprefix_bt.txt'
+        stored_prefix = PROJECT_DIR.joinpath('pythonprefix_bt.txt').read_text()
        with open(prefix_file) as f:
            stored_prefix = f.read()
        print('stored_prefix', stored_prefix)
        print('sys.prefix', sys.prefix)
        #  Works around path-comparison bugs caused by short-paths on Windows e.g.
        #  vssadm~1 instead of vssadministrator
-        assert os.stat(stored_prefix) == os.stat(sys.prefix)
+        assert os.path.samefile(stored_prefix, sys.prefix)
 """
@@ -41,18 +40,31 @@ def test(tmp_path):
    test_project_dir = project_dir / "dependency"
    test_projects.new_c_project().generate(test_project_dir)
    before_test_steps = [
        '''python -c "import os, sys; open('{project}/pythonversion_bt.txt', 'w').write(sys.version)"''',
        '''python -c "import os, sys; open('{project}/pythonprefix_bt.txt', 'w').write(sys.prefix)"''',
    ]
    if utils.platform == "pyodide":
        before_test_steps.extend(
            ["pyodide build {project}/dependency", "pip install --find-links dist/ spam"]
        )
    else:
        before_test_steps.append("python -m pip install {project}/dependency")
    before_test = " && ".join(before_test_steps)
    # build the wheels
    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(
        project_dir,
        add_env={
            # write python version information to a temporary file, this is
            # checked in setup.py
-            "CIBW_BEFORE_TEST": """python -c "import sys; open('/tmp/pythonversion_bt.txt', 'w').write(sys.version)" && python -c "import sys; open('/tmp/pythonprefix_bt.txt', 'w').write(sys.prefix)" && python -m pip install {project}/dependency""",
+            "CIBW_BEFORE_TEST": before_test,
            "CIBW_BEFORE_TEST_WINDOWS": """python -c "import sys; open('c:\\pythonversion_bt.txt', 'w').write(sys.version)" && python -c "import sys; open('c:\\pythonprefix_bt.txt', 'w').write(sys.prefix)" && python -m pip install {project}/dependency""",
            "CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES": "pytest",
            # the 'false ||' bit is to ensure this command runs in a shell on
            # mac/linux.
-            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND": "false || pytest {project}/test",
+            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND": f"false || {utils.invoke_pytest()} {{project}}/test",
            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND_WINDOWS": "pytest {project}/test",
        },
    )
@@ -6,21 +6,24 @@ from . import utils
 from .test_projects.c import new_c_project
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("frontend_name", ["pip", "build"])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    "frontend_name",
    [
        pytest.param("pip", marks=utils.skip_if_pyodide("No pip for pyodide")),
        "build",
    ],
 )
 def test_build_frontend_args(tmp_path, capfd, frontend_name):
    project = new_c_project()
    project_dir = tmp_path / "project"
    project.generate(project_dir)
    # the build will fail because the frontend is called with '-h' - it prints the help message
    add_env = {"CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND": f"{frontend_name}; args: -h"}
    if utils.platform == "pyodide":
        add_env["TERM"] = "dumb"  # disable color / style
    with pytest.raises(subprocess.CalledProcessError):
-        utils.cibuildwheel_run(
+        utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, add_env=add_env, single_python=True)
            project_dir,
            add_env={
                "CIBW_BUILD": "cp311-*",
                "CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND": f"{frontend_name}; args: -h",
            },
        )
    captured = capfd.readouterr()
    print(captured.out)
@@ -29,6 +32,8 @@ def test_build_frontend_args(tmp_path, capfd, frontend_name):
    if frontend_name == "pip":
        assert "Usage:" in captured.out
        assert "Wheel Options:" in captured.out
    elif utils.platform == "pyodide":
        assert "Usage: pyodide build" in captured.out
    else:
        assert "usage:" in captured.out
        assert "A simple, correct Python build frontend." in captured.out
@@ -6,12 +6,12 @@ from . import test_projects, utils
 project_with_skip_asserts = test_projects.new_c_project(
    setup_py_add=textwrap.dedent(
-        r"""
+        rf"""
        # explode if run on PyPyor Python 3.7 (these should be skipped)
        if sys.implementation.name != "cpython":
            raise Exception("Only CPython shall be built")
-        if sys.version_info[0:2] == (3, 7):
+        expected_version = {"({}, {})".format(*utils.SINGLE_PYTHON_VERSION)}
-            raise Exception("CPython 3.7 should be skipped")
+        if sys.version_info[0:2] != expected_version:
            raise Exception("CPython {{}}.{{}} should be skipped".format(*sys.version_info[0:2]))
        """
    )
 )
@@ -21,17 +21,19 @@ def test(tmp_path):
    project_dir = tmp_path / "project"
    project_with_skip_asserts.generate(project_dir)
    skip = " ".join(
        f"cp3{minor}-*" for minor in range(6, 30) if (3, minor) != utils.SINGLE_PYTHON_VERSION
    )
    # build the wheels
    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(
        project_dir,
        add_env={
            "CIBW_BUILD": "cp3*-*",
-            "CIBW_SKIP": "cp37-*",
+            "CIBW_SKIP": f"*t-* {skip}",
        },
    )
-    # check that we got the right wheels. There should be no PyPy or 3.7.
+    # check that we got the right wheels. There should be a single version of CPython.
-    expected_wheels = [
+    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", single_python=True)
        w for w in utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0") if ("-cp3" in w) and ("-cp37" not in w)
    ]
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
@@ -21,17 +21,16 @@ def test_podman(tmp_path, capfd, request):
    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(
        project_dir,
        add_env={
-            "CIBW_BUILD": "cp310-*{manylinux,musllinux}_x86_64",
+            "CIBW_ARCHS": "x86_64",
            "CIBW_BEFORE_ALL": "echo 'test log statement from before-all'",
            "CIBW_CONTAINER_ENGINE": "podman",
        },
        single_python=True,
    )
    # check that the expected wheels are produced
    expected_wheels = [
-        w
+        w for w in utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", single_python=True) if "x86_64" in w
        for w in utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0")
        if ("-cp310-" in w) and ("x86_64" in w) and ("manylinux" in w or "musllinux" in w)
    ]
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
@@ -51,15 +50,16 @@ def test_create_args(tmp_path, capfd):
    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(
        project_dir,
        add_env={
-            "CIBW_BUILD": "cp310-manylinux_*",
+            "CIBW_SKIP": "*-musllinux_*",
            "CIBW_BEFORE_ALL": "echo TEST_CREATE_ARGS is set to $TEST_CREATE_ARGS",
            "CIBW_CONTAINER_ENGINE": "docker; create_args: --env=TEST_CREATE_ARGS=itworks",
        },
        single_python=True,
    )
-    expected_wheels = [
+    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels(
-        w for w in utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0") if ("cp310-manylinux" in w)
+        "spam", "0.1.0", musllinux_versions=[], single_python=True
-    ]
+    )
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
    captured = capfd.readouterr()
@@ -56,76 +56,62 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_spam(void)
 cpp_test_project.files["setup.py"] = jinja2.Template(setup_py_template)
 cpp_test_project.files["spam.cpp"] = jinja2.Template(spam_cpp_template)
 cpp11_project = cpp_test_project.copy()
 cpp11_project.template_context["extra_compile_args"] = (
    ["/std:c++11"] if utils.platform == "windows" else ["-std=c++11"]
 )
 cpp11_project.template_context["spam_cpp_top_level_add"] = "#include <array>"
 def test_cpp11(tmp_path):
    # This test checks that the C++11 standard is supported
    project_dir = tmp_path / "project"
-
+    cpp11_project = cpp_test_project.copy()
    cpp11_project.template_context["extra_compile_args"] = (
        ["/std:c++11"] if utils.platform == "windows" else ["-std=c++11"]
    )
    cpp11_project.template_context["spam_cpp_top_level_add"] = "#include <array>"
    cpp11_project.generate(project_dir)
-    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir)
+    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, single_python=True)
-    expected_wheels = list(utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0"))
+    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", single_python=True)
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
 cpp14_project = cpp_test_project.copy()
 cpp14_project.template_context["extra_compile_args"] = (
    ["/std:c++14"] if utils.platform == "windows" else ["-std=c++14"]
 )
 cpp14_project.template_context["spam_cpp_top_level_add"] = "int a = 100'000;"
 def test_cpp14(tmp_path):
    # This test checks that the C++14 standard is supported
    project_dir = tmp_path / "project"
-
+    cpp14_project = cpp_test_project.copy()
    cpp14_project.template_context["extra_compile_args"] = (
        ["/std:c++14"] if utils.platform == "windows" else ["-std=c++14"]
    )
    cpp14_project.template_context["spam_cpp_top_level_add"] = "int a = 100'000;"
    cpp14_project.generate(project_dir)
-    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir)
+    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, single_python=True)
-    expected_wheels = list(utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0"))
+    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", single_python=True)
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
 cpp17_project = cpp_test_project.copy()
 cpp17_project.template_context["extra_compile_args"] = [
    "/std:c++17" if utils.platform == "windows" else "-std=c++17"
 ]
 cpp17_project.template_context["spam_cpp_top_level_add"] = r"""
 #include <utility>
 auto a = std::pair(5.0, false);
 """
 def test_cpp17(tmp_path):
    # This test checks that the C++17 standard is supported
    project_dir = tmp_path / "project"
-
+    cpp17_project = cpp_test_project.copy()
    cpp17_project.template_context["extra_compile_args"] = [
        "/std:c++17" if utils.platform == "windows" else "-std=c++17"
    ]
    cpp17_project.template_context["spam_cpp_top_level_add"] = r"""
    #include <utility>
    auto a = std::pair(5.0, false);
    """
    cpp17_project.generate(project_dir)
    if os.environ.get("APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE", "") == "Visual Studio 2015":
        pytest.skip("Visual Studio 2015 does not support C++17")
-    # Pypy's distutils sets the default compiler to 'msvc9compiler', which
+    add_env = {}
    # is too old to support cpp17.
    add_env = {"CIBW_SKIP": "pp*"}
    if utils.platform == "macos":
        add_env["MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET"] = "10.13"
-    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, add_env=add_env)
+    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, add_env=add_env, single_python=True)
-    expected_wheels = [
+    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels(
-        w
+        "spam", "0.1.0", macosx_deployment_target="10.13", single_python=True
-        for w in utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", macosx_deployment_target="10.13")
+    )
        if "-pp" not in w
    ]
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 import subprocess
-from test import test_projects
+from contextlib import nullcontext as does_not_raise
 import pytest
 from test import test_projects
 from . import utils
 basic_project = test_projects.new_c_project()
@@ -30,8 +32,14 @@ def test(tmp_path, capfd):
    project_dir = tmp_path / "project"
    basic_project.generate(project_dir)
-    with pytest.raises(subprocess.CalledProcessError):
+    num_builds = len(utils.cibuildwheel_get_build_identifiers(project_dir))
-        utils.cibuildwheel_run(
+    if num_builds > 1:
        expectation = pytest.raises(subprocess.CalledProcessError)
    else:
        expectation = does_not_raise()
    with expectation:
        result = utils.cibuildwheel_run(
            project_dir,
            add_env={
                "CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND": "python repair.py {wheel} {dest_dir}",
@@ -39,4 +47,14 @@ def test(tmp_path, capfd):
        )
    captured = capfd.readouterr()
-    assert "Build failed because a wheel named" in captured.err
+    if num_builds > 1:
        assert "Build failed because a wheel named" in captured.err
    else:
        # We only produced one wheel (currently Pyodide)
        # check that it has the right name
        #
        # As far as I can tell, this is the only full test coverage for
        # CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND so this is useful even in the case when no
        # error is raised
        assert "spam-0.1.0-py2-none-pyodide" in captured.out
        assert result[0].startswith("spam-0.1.0-py2-none-")
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ def get_versions_from_constraint_file(constraint_file):
@pytest.mark.parametrize("python_version", ["3.6", "3.8", "3.10"])
-def test_pinned_versions(tmp_path, python_version, build_frontend_env):
+def test_pinned_versions(tmp_path, python_version, build_frontend_env_nouv):
    if utils.platform == "linux":
        pytest.skip("linux doesn't pin individual tool versions, it pins manylinux images instead")
    if python_version == "3.6" and utils.platform == "macos" and platform.machine() == "arm64":
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ def test_pinned_versions(tmp_path, python_version, build_frontend_env):
        add_env={
            "CIBW_BUILD": build_pattern,
            "CIBW_ENVIRONMENT": cibw_environment_option,
-            **build_frontend_env,
+            **build_frontend_env_nouv,
        },
    )
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ def test_pinned_versions(tmp_path, python_version, build_frontend_env):
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
-def test_dependency_constraints_file(tmp_path, build_frontend_env):
+def test_dependency_constraints_file(tmp_path, build_frontend_env_nouv):
    if utils.platform == "linux":
        pytest.skip("linux doesn't pin individual tool versions, it pins manylinux images instead")
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ def test_dependency_constraints_file(tmp_path, build_frontend_env):
            "CIBW_ENVIRONMENT": cibw_environment_option,
            "CIBW_DEPENDENCY_VERSIONS": str(constraints_file),
            "CIBW_SKIP": "cp36-*",
-            **build_frontend_env,
+            **build_frontend_env_nouv,
        },
    )
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 import shutil
 import sys
 import textwrap
 import pytest
 from cibuildwheel.util import CIBW_CACHE_PATH
 from . import test_projects, utils
 basic_project = test_projects.new_c_project()
 basic_project.files["check_node.py"] = r"""
 import sys
 import shutil
 from pathlib import Path
 from pyodide.code import run_js
 def check_node():
    # cibuildwheel adds a pinned node version to the PATH
    # check it's in the PATH then, check it's the one that runs pyoodide
    cibw_cache_path = Path(sys.argv[1]).resolve(strict=True)
    # find the node executable in PATH
    node = shutil.which("node")
    assert node is not None, "node is None"
    node_path = Path(node).resolve(strict=True)
    # it shall be in cibuildwheel cache
    assert cibw_cache_path in node_path.parents, f"{cibw_cache_path} not a parent of {node_path}"
    # find the path to the node executable that runs pyodide
    node_js = run_js("globalThis.process.execPath")
    assert node_js is not None, "node_js is None"
    node_js_path = Path(node_js).resolve(strict=True)
    # it shall be the one pinned by cibuildwheel
    assert node_js_path == node_path, f"{node_js_path} != {node_path}"
 if __name__ == "__main__":
    check_node()
 """
@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_pyproject_toml", [True, False])
 def test_pyodide_build(tmp_path, use_pyproject_toml):
    if sys.platform == "win32":
        pytest.skip("emsdk doesn't work correctly on Windows")
    if not shutil.which("python3.12"):
        pytest.skip("Python 3.12 not installed")
    if use_pyproject_toml:
        basic_project.files["pyproject.toml"] = textwrap.dedent(
            """
            [build-system]
            requires = ["setuptools"]
            build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
            """
        )
    project_dir = tmp_path / "project"
    basic_project.generate(project_dir)
    # check for node in 1 case only to reduce CI load
    add_env = {}
    if use_pyproject_toml:
        add_env["CIBW_TEST_COMMAND"] = f"python {{project}}/check_node.py {CIBW_CACHE_PATH}"
    # build the wheels
    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(
        project_dir,
        add_args=["--platform", "pyodide"],
        add_env=add_env,
    )
    # check that the expected wheels are produced
    expected_wheels = [
        "spam-0.1.0-cp312-cp312-pyodide_2024_0_wasm32.whl",
    ]
    print("actual_wheels", actual_wheels)
    print("expected_wheels", expected_wheels)
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 import itertools
 import subprocess
 import pytest
@@ -18,9 +19,13 @@ def test_spam():
 def test(tmp_path, request):
-    if not request.config.getoption("--run-emulation"):
+    archs = request.config.getoption("--run-emulation")
    if archs is None:
        pytest.skip("needs --run-emulation option to run")
    if archs == "all":
        archs = " ".join(utils.EMULATED_ARCHS)
    project_dir = tmp_path / "project"
    project_with_a_test.generate(project_dir)
@@ -30,15 +35,14 @@ def test(tmp_path, request):
        add_env={
            "CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES": "pytest",
            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND": "pytest {project}/test",
-            "CIBW_ARCHS": "aarch64 ppc64le s390x",
+            "CIBW_ARCHS": archs,
        },
    )
    # also check that we got the right wheels
-    expected_wheels = (
+    expected_wheels = itertools.chain.from_iterable(
-        utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", machine_arch="aarch64")
+        utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", machine_arch=arch, single_arch=True)
-        + utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", machine_arch="ppc64le")
+        for arch in archs.split(" ")
        + utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", machine_arch="s390x")
    )
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
@@ -49,10 +49,11 @@ def test(tmp_path):
            "CIBW_ENVIRONMENT": """CIBW_TEST_VAR="a b c" CIBW_TEST_VAR_2=1 CIBW_TEST_VAR_3="$(echo 'test string 3')" PATH=$PATH:/opt/cibw_test_path""",
            "CIBW_ENVIRONMENT_WINDOWS": f'''CIBW_TEST_VAR="a b c" CIBW_TEST_VAR_2=1 CIBW_TEST_VAR_3="$({python_echo} 'test string 3')" PATH="$PATH;/opt/cibw_test_path"''',
        },
        single_python=True,
    )
    # also check that we got the right wheels built
-    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0")
+    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", single_python=True)
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
@@ -92,10 +93,18 @@ def test_overridden_path(tmp_path, capfd):
    assert len(os.listdir(output_dir)) == 0
    captured = capfd.readouterr()
-    assert "python available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance" in captured.err
+    assert "python available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance" in captured.err.replace(
        "venv", "installed"
    )
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("build_frontend", ["pip", "build"])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    "build_frontend",
    [
        pytest.param("pip", marks=utils.skip_if_pyodide("No pip for pyodide")),
        "build",
    ],
 )
 def test_overridden_pip_constraint(tmp_path, build_frontend):
    """
    Verify that users can use PIP_CONSTRAINT to specify a specific version of
@@ -108,7 +117,7 @@ def test_overridden_pip_constraint(tmp_path, build_frontend):
        setup_py_add=textwrap.dedent(
            """
            import pytz
-            assert pytz.__version__ == "2022.4"
+            assert pytz.__version__ == "2022.4", f"{pytz.__version__!r} != '2022.4'"
        """
        )
    )
@@ -133,12 +142,12 @@ def test_overridden_pip_constraint(tmp_path, build_frontend):
    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(
        project_dir,
        add_env={
            "CIBW_BUILD": "cp312-*",
            "CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND": build_frontend,
            "PIP_CONSTRAINT": str(constraints_file),
            "CIBW_ENVIRONMENT_LINUX": "PIP_CONSTRAINT=./constraints.txt",
        },
        single_python=True,
    )
-    expected_wheels = [w for w in utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0") if "cp312" in w]
+    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", single_python=True)
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import sys
 import textwrap
 from pathlib import Path
 from tempfile import TemporaryDirectory
 from test.test_projects.base import TestProject
 from . import test_projects, utils
@@ -33,6 +34,8 @@ def cibuildwheel_from_sdist_run(sdist_path, add_env=None, config_file=None):
    if add_env:
        env.update(add_env)
    env["CIBW_BUILD"] = "cp{}{}-*".format(*utils.SINGLE_PYTHON_VERSION)
    with TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_output_dir:
        subprocess.run(
            [
@@ -73,15 +76,11 @@ def test_simple(tmp_path):
    # build the wheels from sdist
    actual_wheels = cibuildwheel_from_sdist_run(
-        sdist_path,
+        sdist_path, add_env={"CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD": setup_py_assertion_cmd}
        add_env={
            "CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD": setup_py_assertion_cmd,
            "CIBW_BUILD": "cp39-*",
        },
    )
    # check that the expected wheels are produced
-    expected_wheels = [w for w in utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0") if "cp39" in w]
+    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", single_python=True)
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
@@ -105,14 +104,10 @@ def test_external_config_file_argument(tmp_path, capfd):
    )
    # build the wheels from sdist
-    actual_wheels = cibuildwheel_from_sdist_run(
+    actual_wheels = cibuildwheel_from_sdist_run(sdist_path, config_file=str(config_file))
        sdist_path,
        add_env={"CIBW_BUILD": "cp39-*"},
        config_file=str(config_file),
    )
    # check that the expected wheels are produced
-    expected_wheels = [w for w in utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0") if "cp39" in w]
+    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", single_python=True)
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
    # check that before-all was run
@@ -136,13 +131,10 @@ def test_config_in_pyproject_toml(tmp_path, capfd):
    sdist_path = make_sdist(project, sdist_dir)
    # build the wheels from sdist
-    actual_wheels = cibuildwheel_from_sdist_run(
+    actual_wheels = cibuildwheel_from_sdist_run(sdist_path)
        sdist_path,
        add_env={"CIBW_BUILD": "cp39-*"},
    )
    # check that the expected wheels are produced
-    expected_wheels = [w for w in utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0") if "cp39" in w]
+    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", single_python=True)
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
    # check that before-build was run
@@ -174,13 +166,11 @@ def test_internal_config_file_argument(tmp_path, capfd):
    # build the wheels from sdist, referencing the config file inside
    actual_wheels = cibuildwheel_from_sdist_run(
-        sdist_path,
+        sdist_path, config_file="{package}/wheel_build_config.toml"
        add_env={"CIBW_BUILD": "cp39-*"},
        config_file="{package}/wheel_build_config.toml",
    )
    # check that the expected wheels are produced
-    expected_wheels = [w for w in utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0") if "cp39" in w]
+    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", single_python=True)
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
    # check that before-all was run
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ ALL_MACOS_WHEELS = {
    *utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", machine_arch="arm64", include_universal2=True),
 }
-DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_TOO_LOW_WARNING = "[WARNING] MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET is set to a lower value"
+DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_TOO_LOW_WARNING = "Bumping MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET"
 def get_xcode_version() -> tuple[int, int]:
@@ -42,13 +42,11 @@ def test_cross_compiled_build(tmp_path):
    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(
        project_dir,
-        add_env={
+        add_env={"CIBW_ARCHS": "x86_64, universal2, arm64"},
-            "CIBW_BUILD": "cp39-*",
+        single_python=True,
            "CIBW_ARCHS": "x86_64, universal2, arm64",
        },
    )
-
+    python_tag = "cp{}{}".format(*utils.SINGLE_PYTHON_VERSION)
-    expected_wheels = [w for w in ALL_MACOS_WHEELS if "cp39" in w]
+    expected_wheels = [w for w in ALL_MACOS_WHEELS if python_tag in w]
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
@@ -65,7 +63,7 @@ def test_cross_compiled_test(tmp_path, capfd, build_universal2):
    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(
        project_dir,
        add_env={
-            "CIBW_BUILD": "cp39-*" if build_universal2 else "*p39-*",
+            "CIBW_BUILD": "cp310-*" if build_universal2 else "*p310-*",
            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND": '''python -c "import platform; print('running tests on ' + platform.machine())"''',
            "CIBW_ARCHS": "universal2" if build_universal2 else "x86_64 arm64",
            "CIBW_BUILD_VERBOSITY": "3",
@@ -103,11 +101,11 @@ def test_cross_compiled_test(tmp_path, capfd, build_universal2):
        )
    if build_universal2:
-        expected_wheels = [w for w in ALL_MACOS_WHEELS if "cp39" in w and "universal2" in w]
+        expected_wheels = [w for w in ALL_MACOS_WHEELS if "cp310" in w and "universal2" in w]
    else:
-        expected_wheels = [w for w in ALL_MACOS_WHEELS if "p39-" in w and "universal2" not in w]
+        expected_wheels = [w for w in ALL_MACOS_WHEELS if "p310-" in w and "universal2" not in w]
        if platform_machine == "x86_64":
-            expected_wheels = [w for w in expected_wheels if not ("pp39" in w and "arm64" in w)]
+            expected_wheels = [w for w in expected_wheels if not ("pp310" in w and "arm64" in w)]
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
@@ -123,11 +121,11 @@ def test_deployment_target_warning_is_firing(tmp_path, capfd):
    utils.cibuildwheel_run(
        project_dir,
        add_env={
            "CIBW_BUILD": "cp39-*",
            "CIBW_ARCHS": "x86_64",
            "MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET": "10.8",
            "CIBW_BUILD_VERBOSITY": "3",
        },
        single_python=True,
    )
    captured = capfd.readouterr()
@@ -149,11 +147,11 @@ def test_universal2_testing_on_x86_64(tmp_path, capfd, skip_arm64_test):
    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(
        project_dir,
        add_env={
            "CIBW_BUILD": "cp39-*",
            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND": '''python -c "import platform; print('running tests on ' + platform.machine())"''',
            "CIBW_ARCHS": "universal2",
            "CIBW_TEST_SKIP": "*_universal2:arm64" if skip_arm64_test else "",
        },
        single_python=True,
    )
    captured = capfd.readouterr()
@@ -168,12 +166,13 @@ def test_universal2_testing_on_x86_64(tmp_path, capfd, skip_arm64_test):
        else:
            assert warning_message in captured.err
-    expected_wheels = [w for w in ALL_MACOS_WHEELS if "cp39" in w and "universal2" in w]
+    python_tag = "cp{}{}".format(*utils.SINGLE_PYTHON_VERSION)
    expected_wheels = [w for w in ALL_MACOS_WHEELS if python_tag in w and "universal2" in w]
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
-def test_universal2_testing_on_arm64(tmp_path, capfd):
+def test_universal2_testing_on_arm64(build_frontend_env, tmp_path, capfd):
    # cibuildwheel should test the universal2 wheel on both x86_64 and arm64, when run on arm64
    if utils.platform != "macos":
        pytest.skip("this test is only relevant to macos")
@@ -186,19 +185,21 @@ def test_universal2_testing_on_arm64(tmp_path, capfd):
    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(
        project_dir,
        add_env={
            "CIBW_BUILD": "cp39-*",
            "CIBW_ARCHS": "universal2",
            # check that a native dependency is correctly installed, once per each testing arch
-            "CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES": "numpy",
+            "CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES": "--only-binary :all: pillow>=10.3",  # pillow>=10.3 provides wheels for macOS 10.10, not 10.9
-            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND": '''python -c "import numpy, platform; print(f'running tests on {platform.machine()} with numpy {numpy.__version__}')"''',
+            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND": '''python -c "import PIL, platform; print(f'running tests on {platform.machine()} with pillow {PIL.__version__}')"''',
            **build_frontend_env,
        },
        single_python=True,
    )
    captured = capfd.readouterr()
-    assert "running tests on arm64" in captured.out
+    assert "running tests on arm64 with pillow" in captured.out
-    assert "running tests on x86_64" in captured.out
+    assert "running tests on x86_64 with pillow" in captured.out
-    expected_wheels = [w for w in ALL_MACOS_WHEELS if "cp39" in w and "universal2" in w]
+    python_tag = "cp{}{}".format(*utils.SINGLE_PYTHON_VERSION)
    expected_wheels = [w for w in ALL_MACOS_WHEELS if python_tag in w and "universal2" in w]
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ def test(musllinux_image, tmp_path):
    # build the wheels
    add_env = {
-        "CIBW_BUILD": "*-musllinux*",
+        "CIBW_SKIP": "*-manylinux*",
        "CIBW_MUSLLINUX_X86_64_IMAGE": musllinux_image,
        "CIBW_MUSLLINUX_I686_IMAGE": musllinux_image,
        "CIBW_MUSLLINUX_AARCH64_IMAGE": musllinux_image,
@@ -46,11 +46,12 @@ def test(musllinux_image, tmp_path):
        "CIBW_MUSLLINUX_S390X_IMAGE": musllinux_image,
    }
-    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, add_env=add_env)
+    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, add_env=add_env, single_python=True)
    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels(
        "spam",
        "0.1.0",
        manylinux_versions=[],
        musllinux_versions=[musllinux_image],
        single_python=True,
    )
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
@@ -42,15 +42,20 @@ PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_spam(void)
 """
 SETUP_PY_TEMPLATE = r"""
 import os
 import sys
 from setuptools import setup, Extension
 {{ setup_py_add }}
 libraries = []
-if sys.platform.startswith('linux'):
+# Emscripten fails if you pass -lc...
 # See: https://github.com/emscripten-core/emscripten/issues/16680
 if sys.platform.startswith('linux') and "emscripten" not in os.environ.get("_PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM", ""):
    libraries.extend(['m', 'c'])
 setup(
    ext_modules=[Extension(
        'spam',
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 import subprocess
 from test import test_projects
 import pytest
 from test import test_projects
 from . import utils
 pure_python_project = test_projects.TestProject()
@@ -45,13 +45,12 @@ def test(capfd, tmp_path):
        add_env={
            "CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD": "python {project}/bin/before_build.py",
            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND": "python {package}/test/run_tests.py",
            # this shouldn't depend on the version of python, so build only CPython 3.10
            "CIBW_BUILD": "cp310-*",
        },
        single_python=True,
    )
    # check that the expected wheels are produced
-    expected_wheels = [w for w in utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0") if "cp310" in w]
+    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", single_python=True)
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
    captured = capfd.readouterr()
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ class TestSpam(TestCase):
        self.assertTrue(path_contains(sys.prefix, sys.executable))
        self.assertTrue(path_contains(sys.prefix, spam.__file__))
        self.assertIn("VIRTUAL_ENV", os.environ)
    def test_uname(self):
        if platform.system() == "Windows":
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ class TestSpam(TestCase):
        # See #336 for more info.
        bits = struct.calcsize("P") * 8
        if bits == 32:
-            self.assertEqual(platform.machine(), "i686")
+            self.assertIn(platform.machine(), ["i686", "wasm32"])
 '''
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ def test(tmp_path):
            "CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES": "pytest",
            # the 'false ||' bit is to ensure this command runs in a shell on
            # mac/linux.
-            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND": "false || pytest {project}/test",
+            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND": f"false || {utils.invoke_pytest()} {{project}}/test",
            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND_WINDOWS": "COLOR 00 || pytest {project}/test",
        },
    )
@@ -102,13 +103,14 @@ def test_extras_require(tmp_path):
            "CIBW_TEST_EXTRAS": "test",
            # the 'false ||' bit is to ensure this command runs in a shell on
            # mac/linux.
-            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND": "false || pytest {project}/test",
+            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND": f"false || {utils.invoke_pytest()} {{project}}/test",
            "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND_WINDOWS": "COLOR 00 || pytest {project}/test",
        },
        single_python=True,
    )
    # also check that we got the right wheels
-    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0")
+    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", single_python=True)
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
@@ -18,17 +18,14 @@ def test_wheel_tag_is_correct_when_using_macosx_deployment_target(tmp_path):
    deployment_target = "10.11"
    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(
        project_dir,
-        add_env={
+        add_env={"MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET": deployment_target},
-            "CIBW_BUILD": "cp39-*",
+        single_python=True,
            "MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET": deployment_target,
        },
    )
    # check that the expected wheels are produced
    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels(
-        "spam", "0.1.0", macosx_deployment_target=deployment_target
+        "spam", "0.1.0", macosx_deployment_target=deployment_target, single_python=True
    )
    expected_wheels = [w for w in expected_wheels if "cp39" in w]
    print("actual_wheels", actual_wheels)
    print("expected_wheels", expected_wheels)
@@ -60,16 +60,13 @@ def test_wheel_tag_is_correct_when_using_windows_cross_compile(tmp_path, use_pyp
    # build the wheels
    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(
        project_dir,
        add_env={
            "CIBW_BUILD": "cp310-*",
        },
        add_args=["--archs", "ARM64"],
        single_python=True,
    )
    # check that the expected wheels are produced
-    expected_wheels = [
+    tag = "cp{}{}".format(*utils.SINGLE_PYTHON_VERSION)
-        "spam-0.1.0-cp310-cp310-win_arm64.whl",
+    expected_wheels = [f"spam-0.1.0-{tag}-{tag}-win_arm64.whl"]
    ]
    print("actual_wheels", actual_wheels)
    print("expected_wheels", expected_wheels)
@@ -11,9 +11,18 @@ import platform as pm
 import subprocess
 import sys
 from tempfile import TemporaryDirectory
 from typing import Final
 import pytest
 from cibuildwheel.architecture import Architecture
 from cibuildwheel.util import CIBW_CACHE_PATH
 EMULATED_ARCHS: Final[list[str]] = sorted(
    arch.value for arch in (Architecture.all_archs("linux") - Architecture.auto_archs("linux"))
 )
 SINGLE_PYTHON_VERSION: Final[tuple[int, int]] = (3, 12)
 platform: str
 if "CIBW_PLATFORM" in os.environ:
@@ -67,7 +76,13 @@ def _update_pip_cache_dir(env: dict[str, str]) -> None:
 def cibuildwheel_run(
-    project_path, package_dir=".", env=None, add_env=None, output_dir=None, add_args=None
+    project_path,
    package_dir=".",
    env=None,
    add_env=None,
    output_dir=None,
    add_args=None,
    single_python=False,
 ):
    """
    Runs cibuildwheel as a subprocess, building the project at project_path.
@@ -99,6 +114,9 @@ def cibuildwheel_run(
    env.setdefault("CIBW_FREE_THREADED_SUPPORT", "1")
    if single_python:
        env["CIBW_BUILD"] = "cp{}{}-*".format(*SINGLE_PYTHON_VERSION)
    with TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_output_dir:
        subprocess.run(
            [
@@ -119,17 +137,11 @@ def cibuildwheel_run(
    return wheels
-def _get_arm64_macosx_deployment_target(macosx_deployment_target: str) -> str:
+def _floor_macosx(*args: str) -> str:
    """
-    The first version of macOS that supports arm is 11.0. So the wheel tag
+    Make sure a deployment target is not less than some value.
    cannot contain an earlier deployment target, even if
    MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET sets it.
    """
-    version_tuple = tuple(map(int, macosx_deployment_target.split(".")))
+    return max(args, key=lambda x: tuple(map(int, x.split("."))))
    if version_tuple <= (11, 0):
        return "11.0"
    else:
        return macosx_deployment_target
 def expected_wheels(
@@ -141,6 +153,8 @@ def expected_wheels(
    machine_arch=None,
    python_abi_tags=None,
    include_universal2=False,
    single_python=False,
    single_arch=False,
 ):
    """
    Returns a list of expected wheels from a run of cibuildwheel.
@@ -170,6 +184,8 @@ def expected_wheels(
    if musllinux_versions is None:
        musllinux_versions = ["musllinux_1_2"]
    if platform == "pyodide" and python_abi_tags is None:
        python_abi_tags = ["cp312-cp312"]
    if python_abi_tags is None:
        python_abi_tags = [
            "cp36-cp36m",
@@ -180,9 +196,8 @@ def expected_wheels(
            "cp311-cp311",
            "cp312-cp312",
            "cp313-cp313",
            "cp313-cp313t",
        ]
        if platform != "macos":
            python_abi_tags.append("cp313-cp313t")
        if machine_arch in ["x86_64", "AMD64", "x86", "aarch64"]:
            python_abi_tags += [
@@ -201,20 +216,37 @@ def expected_wheels(
                "cp311-cp311",
                "cp312-cp312",
                "cp313-cp313",
                "cp313-cp313t",
                "pp38-pypy38_pp73",
                "pp39-pypy39_pp73",
                "pp310-pypy310_pp73",
            ]
    if single_python:
        python_tag = "cp{}{}-".format(*SINGLE_PYTHON_VERSION)
        python_abi_tags = [
            next(
                tag
                for tag in python_abi_tags
                if tag.startswith(python_tag) and not tag.endswith("t")
            )
        ]
    wheels = []
    if platform == "pyodide":
        assert len(python_abi_tags) == 1
        python_abi_tag = python_abi_tags[0]
        platform_tag = "pyodide_2024_0_wasm32"
        return [f"{package_name}-{package_version}-{python_abi_tag}-{platform_tag}.whl"]
    for python_abi_tag in python_abi_tags:
        platform_tags = []
        if platform == "linux":
            architectures = [arch_name_for_linux(machine_arch)]
-            if machine_arch == "x86_64":
+            if machine_arch == "x86_64" and not single_arch:
                architectures.append("i686")
            if len(manylinux_versions) > 0:
@@ -244,18 +276,24 @@ def expected_wheels(
        elif platform == "macos":
            if machine_arch == "arm64":
-                arm64_macosx_deployment_target = _get_arm64_macosx_deployment_target(
+                arm64_macosx = _floor_macosx(macosx_deployment_target, "11.0")
-                    macosx_deployment_target
+                platform_tags = [f'macosx_{arm64_macosx.replace(".", "_")}_arm64']
                )
                platform_tags = [f'macosx_{arm64_macosx_deployment_target.replace(".", "_")}_arm64']
            else:
-                platform_tags = [f'macosx_{macosx_deployment_target.replace(".", "_")}_x86_64']
+                if python_abi_tag.startswith("pp") and not python_abi_tag.startswith(
                    ("pp37", "pp38")
                ):
                    pypy_macosx = _floor_macosx(macosx_deployment_target, "10.15")
                    platform_tags = [f'macosx_{pypy_macosx.replace(".", "_")}_x86_64']
                elif python_abi_tag.startswith("cp313"):
                    pypy_macosx = _floor_macosx(macosx_deployment_target, "10.13")
                    platform_tags = [f'macosx_{pypy_macosx.replace(".", "_")}_x86_64']
                else:
                    platform_tags = [f'macosx_{macosx_deployment_target.replace(".", "_")}_x86_64']
            if include_universal2:
                platform_tags.append(
                    f'macosx_{macosx_deployment_target.replace(".", "_")}_universal2',
                )
        else:
            msg = f"Unsupported platform {platform!r}"
            raise Exception(msg)
@@ -278,6 +316,17 @@ def get_macos_version():
    return tuple(map(int, version_str.split(".")[:2]))
 def skip_if_pyodide(reason: str):
    return pytest.mark.skipif(platform == "pyodide", reason=reason)
 def invoke_pytest() -> str:
    # see https://github.com/pyodide/pyodide/issues/4802
    if platform == "pyodide" and sys.platform.startswith("darwin"):
        return "python -m pytest"
    return "pytest"
 def arch_name_for_linux(arch: str):
    """
    Archs have different names on different platforms, but it's useful to be
@@ -344,6 +344,28 @@ def test_before_all(before_all, platform_specific, platform, intercepted_build_a
    assert build_options.before_all == (before_all or "")
@pytest.mark.parametrize("method", ["unset", "command_line", "env_var"])
 def test_debug_traceback(monkeypatch, method, capfd):
    if method == "command_line":
        monkeypatch.setattr(sys, "argv", [*sys.argv, "--debug-traceback"])
    elif method == "env_var":
        monkeypatch.setenv("CIBW_DEBUG_TRACEBACK", "TRUE")
    # set an option that produces a configuration error
    monkeypatch.setenv("CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND", "invalid_value")
    with pytest.raises(SystemExit) as exit:
        main()
    assert exit.value.code == 2
    _, err = capfd.readouterr()
    if method == "unset":
        assert "Traceback (most recent call last)" not in err
    else:
        assert "Traceback (most recent call last)" in err
 def test_defaults(platform, intercepted_build_args):
    main()
@@ -264,3 +264,16 @@ def test_only_overrides_env_vars(monkeypatch, intercepted_build_args, envvar_nam
    assert options.globals.build_selector.skip_config == ""
    assert options.platform == "linux"
    assert options.globals.architectures == Architecture.all_archs("linux")
 def test_pyodide_on_windows(monkeypatch, capsys):
    monkeypatch.setattr(sys, "platform", "win32")
    monkeypatch.setattr(sys, "argv", [*sys.argv, "--only", "cp312-pyodide_wasm32"])
    with pytest.raises(SystemExit) as exit:
        main()
    _, err = capsys.readouterr()
    assert exit.value.code == 2
    assert "cibuildwheel: Building for pyodide is not supported on Windows" in err
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ from pathlib import Path
 import pytest
 from cibuildwheel import errors
 from cibuildwheel.__main__ import get_build_identifiers, get_platform_module
 from cibuildwheel.bashlex_eval import local_environment_executor
 from cibuildwheel.environment import parse_environment
@@ -127,7 +128,8 @@ def test_passthrough_evil(tmp_path, monkeypatch, env_var_value):
 xfail_env_parse = pytest.mark.xfail(
-    raises=SystemExit, reason="until we can figure out the right way to quote these values"
+    raises=errors.ConfigurationError,
    reason="until we can figure out the right way to quote these values",
 )
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Henry Schreiner	932529cab1	Bump version: v2.19.1	2024-06-13 02:38:27 -04:00
Henry Schreiner	70fb1c4a1a	fix: specify full path to non-venv Python (#1881 ) Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>	2024-06-13 08:18:09 +02:00
cibuildwheel-bot[bot]andcibuildwheel-bot[bot] <83877280+cibuildwheel-bot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	405a475ac7	[Bot] Update dependencies (#1879 ) Update dependencies Co-authored-by: cibuildwheel-bot[bot] <83877280+cibuildwheel-bot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2024-06-12 23:16:49 -04:00
Nathan Goldbaum	78da7bafcc	docs: update README.md (#1874 )	2024-06-12 11:32:27 -04:00
Henry Schreiner	8d86d3122b	tests: don't print xfails (#1865 ) tests: skip warnings on xfails for now Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>	2024-06-12 10:46:24 -04:00
Eric Larson	89a5cfe272	DOC: Fix bug with link (#1870 )	2024-06-11 21:24:44 +02:00
Henry Schreiner	8d5d84e0fc	fix: accept current Python version if acceptable for Pyodide (#1868 ) * fix: accept current Python version if acceptable for Pyodide Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>	2024-06-11 08:48:42 +02:00
pre-commit-ci[bot]andpre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	4ada77dea4	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (#1869 ) updates: - [github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit: v0.4.7 → v0.4.8](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit/compare/v0.4.7...v0.4.8) Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2024-06-11 00:32:52 -04:00
Henry Schreiner	829441f4a0	fix: warning in generate schema script (#1866 ) * fix: warning in generate schema script Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com> * docs: add minor update to update process Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com> * Update docs/contributing.md --------- Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>	2024-06-11 00:32:38 -04:00
Henry Schreiner	a8d190a111	Bump version: v2.19.0	2024-06-10 11:28:29 -04:00
Joe Rickerby Henry Schreiner mayeut	bf817c6dc8	refactor: error handling to use exceptions (#1719 ) * Refactor error handling to use exceptions cibuildwheel has up until now handled most errors by printing an error message to sys.stderr and calling sys.exit. Others were handled using Logger.error, depending on the context. We also had return codes, but these weren't explicitly defined anywhere. This makes that convention more explicit and codified. Now to halt the program, the correct thing to do is to throw a cibuildwheel.errors.FatalError exception - that is caught in main() and printed before exiting. The existing behaviour was kept - if an error occurs within a build step (probably something to do with the build itself), the Logger.error() method is used. Outside of a build step (e.g. a misconfiguration), the behaviour is still to print 'cibuildwheel: <message>' I also took the opportunity to add a debugging option `--debug-traceback` (and `CIBW_DEBUG_TRACEBACK`), which you can enable to see a full traceback on errors. (I've deactivated the flake8-errmsg lint rule, as it was throwing loads of errors and these error messages aren't generally seen in a traceback context) * add noqa rule * Apply suggestions from code review Co-authored-by: Henry Schreiner <HenrySchreinerIII@gmail.com> * Return to flake8-errmsg conformance * Code review suggestions * Subclass Exception rather than SystemExit * apply error handling to new code and fix merge issues * Apply review suggestion * fix: merge issue * Update cibuildwheel/errors.py --------- Co-authored-by: Henry Schreiner <HenrySchreinerIII@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: mayeut <mayeut@users.noreply.github.com>	2024-06-10 10:36:20 -04:00
Henry Schreiner	384c8d5c82	feat: build[uv] (#1856 )	2024-06-09 15:45:31 -04:00
Matthieu Darbois	c37e5a2d13	fix: `util.move_file` shall not use `log.notice` (#1862 ) Using `log.notice` result in many unwanted annotations, at least in GitHub Actions. If we want to print some information about a specific file being moved, it shall be done by the caller - or adding an option to the function - and use `print`.	2024-06-09 19:03:12 +02:00
cibuildwheel-bot[bot]cibuildwheel-bot[bot] <83877280+cibuildwheel-bot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>Henry Schreiner Matthieu Darbois	130fdd2548	feat: free-threaded Python for macOS, MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET updates (#1854 ) * Update dependencies * feat: macos free-threading Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com> * fix: set min target to 10.13 for 3.13 and floor it always Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com> * fix: tests and corrected pypy mins Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com> --------- Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: cibuildwheel-bot[bot] <83877280+cibuildwheel-bot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Matthieu Darbois <mayeut@users.noreply.github.com>	2024-06-08 10:15:04 +02:00
Henry Schreiner	ed120540d9	chore: bump pyodide (#1859 ) Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>	2024-06-08 01:38:06 -04:00
MusicalNinjaDad Henry Schreinerpre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	6c6e0f6ba5	fix: handle case where output_dir does not already exist on macos & windows (#1851 ) * replace `with suppress(FileNotFoundError)` by `.unlink(missing_ok=True)` for macos * also use `.unlink(missing_ok=True)` in pyodide and windows for consistency * remove contextlib imports which are no longer required * Apply suggestions from code review * explicity resolve and create output location * [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci * use explicit str for move * [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci * update comments based on review feedback * Apply suggestions from code review * Break out functionality to move files to util.py * [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci * raise instance of IsADirectoryError with meaningful message * Don't need a comment and a exception message --------- Co-authored-by: Henry Schreiner <HenrySchreinerIII@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2024-06-07 11:37:20 -04:00
pre-commit-ci[bot]andpre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	877d3bf649	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (#1852 ) updates: - [github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit: v0.4.5 → v0.4.7](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit/compare/v0.4.5...v0.4.7) Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2024-06-04 08:34:28 +02:00
cibuildwheel-bot[bot]andcibuildwheel-bot[bot] <83877280+cibuildwheel-bot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	21e9ef1800	[Bot] Update dependencies (#1848 ) Update dependencies Co-authored-by: cibuildwheel-bot[bot] <83877280+cibuildwheel-bot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2024-06-04 08:32:55 +02:00
Henry Schreiner	c333b131d3	fix: include VIRTUAL_ENV variable (#1842 ) Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>	2024-05-29 08:20:02 +02:00
Henry Schreiner	4c2ed1e632	chore: remove pip <21.3 workaround (#1841 ) Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>	2024-05-29 07:57:06 +02:00
Hood Chatham Matthieu Darbois Henry Schreinerpre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	9f2a3cb67c	feat: add Pyodide support (#1456 ) * feat: add Pyodide support Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Hood Chatham <roberthoodchatham@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Matthieu Darbois <mayeut@users.noreply.github.com> tests: fix two merge issues Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com> fix: include schema Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com> * Try to fix xbuildenv path [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci Try to install pyodide-build from main branch Try again Try again Update constraints file Try again Remove unused variable Drop constraints Remove --download option Fix xbuildenv install Try again Try again [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci * fix: remove pinning on pyodide Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com> * Update for Pyodide 0.26.0a5 * Install pyodide-build from pypi * Update docs/options.md Co-authored-by: Henry Schreiner <HenrySchreinerIII@gmail.com> * Unxfail things that look like they were just a version mismatch * refactor: add constraints for pyodide Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com> * chore: minor cleanup Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com> * Apply suggestions from code review * Apply suggestion from code review * refactor: minor touchup Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com> * ci: xfail the pyodide test Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com> * review: use a pinned version of node * fix tests * review: error out on Windows * test: check node & test on macos arm64 * chore: minor cleanup * Add reference to emscripten libc issue * Apply suggestion from code review * review: use a pinned pip in test virtual environment * [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci * chore: rework test virtual environment seed packages * chore: workaround direct invocation of pytest This allows to still test direct invocation of `pytest` on most platforms (including pyodide on Linux) but falls back to `python -m pytest` when running pyodide on macOS. * Use release version of pyodide * fix: tests for 0.26.0 & parallel initialization of xbuildenv * Debug CI * fix: test/test_build_frontend_args.py * Revert "Debug CI" This reverts commit 917646cffc96dbfc619c47d1c03a828f447bcdb7. --------- Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Matthieu Darbois <mayeut@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2024-05-28 08:31:36 -04:00
pre-commit-ci[bot]andpre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	687406f664	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (#1840 ) * [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate updates: - [github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit: v0.4.4 → v0.4.5](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit/compare/v0.4.4...v0.4.5) - [github.com/codespell-project/codespell: v2.2.6 → v2.3.0](https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell/compare/v2.2.6...v2.3.0) - [github.com/python-jsonschema/check-jsonschema: 0.28.3 → 0.28.4](https://github.com/python-jsonschema/check-jsonschema/compare/0.28.3...0.28.4) * [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci --------- Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2024-05-27 22:34:22 -04:00
Matthieu Darbois	2e6b11e10c	chore(ci): split emulation tests per architecture (#1839 )	2024-05-27 22:34:10 -04:00
Matthieu Darbois	b713086763	chore: better determinism for the test virtual environment (#1838 ) * chore: better determinism for the test virtual environment * review: apply suggestions	2024-05-27 23:04:25 +02:00
cibuildwheel-bot[bot]andcibuildwheel-bot[bot] <83877280+cibuildwheel-bot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	8f574d107b	[Bot] Update dependencies (#1836 ) Update dependencies Co-authored-by: cibuildwheel-bot[bot] <83877280+cibuildwheel-bot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2024-05-27 12:28:13 -04:00
Matthieu Darbois	97da90432e	chore: rework single python tests (#1835 ) * chore: rework single python tests * chore(tests): limit number of builds in test_abi3 * chore(tests): limit number of builds in test_before_all * apply review suggestion use `os.path.samefile` rather than comparing `os.stat` directly.	2024-05-26 12:41:20 +02:00
Matthieu Darbois	67ee9dda92	chore(tests): do not use hard-coded paths in tests (#1834 ) * chore(tests): do not use hard-coded paths in tests * review suggestion use `os.path.samefile` rather than comparing `os.stat` directly.	2024-05-26 12:40:11 +02:00
`@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@`
	`from __future__ import annotations`	`from __future__ import annotations`

	`__version__ = "2.18.1"`	`__version__ = "2.19.1"`
		`@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@`
							`url = "https://nodejs.org/dist/"`
							`v20 = "v20.14.0"`