Bump version: v2.16.2

fix: evaluate environment-pass before environment, so environment can reference or override those variables

.gitattributes

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+* text=auto
+
+*.py diff=python
+*.md diff=markdown
+
+*.svg -diff

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ jobs:
   dist:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
     - name: Build SDist and wheel
       run: pipx run build

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
     name: Linters (mypy, flake8, etc.)
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
     - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
       with:
         python-version: "3.x"
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ jobs:
           python_version: '3.8'
     timeout-minutes: 180
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
     - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
       name: Install Python ${{ matrix.python_version }}
       with:
@@ -62,6 +62,13 @@ jobs:
         sudo apt-get update
         sudo apt-get -y install podman
 
+    # free some space to prevent reaching GHA disk space limits
+    - name: Clean docker images
+      if: runner.os == 'Linux'
+      run: |
+        docker system prune -a -f
+        df -h
+
     - name: Install dependencies
       run: |
         python -m pip install ".[test]"
@@ -93,7 +100,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     timeout-minutes: 180
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
     - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
       with:
         python-version: "3.x"
@@ -103,7 +110,7 @@ jobs:
 
     - name: Set up QEMU
       id: qemu
-      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v2
+      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
       with:
         platforms: all
 

.github/workflows/update-dependencies.yml

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
     if: github.repository_owner == 'pypa' || github.event_name != 'schedule'
     runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
     - uses: wntrblm/nox@2023.04.22
       with:
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # we use this step to grab a Github App auth token, so that PRs generated by this workflow
     # run the GHA tests.
-    - uses: tibdex/github-app-token@v1
+    - uses: tibdex/github-app-token@v2
       id: generate-token
       if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' && github.repository == 'pypa/cibuildwheel'
       with:

.github/workflows/update-major-minor-tag.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
     permissions:
       contents: write
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Update the ${{ env.TAG_NAME }} tag
         id: update-major-minor-tag

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -13,31 +13,32 @@ repos:
   - id: mixed-line-ending
   - id: trailing-whitespace
 
-- repo: https://github.com/psf/black
-  rev: 23.7.0
+- repo: https://github.com/psf/black-pre-commit-mirror
+  rev: 23.9.1
   hooks:
   - id: black
 
 - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
-  rev: v0.0.281
+  rev: v0.0.292
   hooks:
   - id: ruff
     args: ["--fix", "--show-fixes"]
 
 - repo: https://github.com/asottile/setup-cfg-fmt
-  rev: v2.4.0
+  rev: v2.5.0
   hooks:
   - id: setup-cfg-fmt
     args: [--include-version-classifiers, --min-py-version=3.8, --max-py-version=3.11]
 
 - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy
-  rev: v1.4.1
+  rev: v1.5.1
   hooks:
   - id: mypy
     name: mypy 3.8 on cibuildwheel/
-    exclude: ^cibuildwheel/resources/.*py$
+    exclude: ^cibuildwheel/resources/.*py|bin/generate_schema.py$
     args: ["--python-version=3.8"]
     additional_dependencies: &mypy-dependencies
+      - bracex
       - nox
       - packaging
       - pygithub
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@ repos:
       - types-jinja2
       - types-pyyaml
       - types-requests
-      - bracex
+      - validate-pyproject
   - id: mypy
     name: mypy 3.11
     exclude: ^cibuildwheel/resources/.*py$
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@ repos:
     additional_dependencies: *mypy-dependencies
 
 - repo: https://github.com/shellcheck-py/shellcheck-py
-  rev: v0.9.0.5
+  rev: v0.9.0.6
   hooks:
   - id: shellcheck
 
@@ -77,8 +78,8 @@ repos:
     files: ^docs/changelog.md$
 
 - repo: https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell
-  rev: v2.2.5
+  rev: v2.2.6
   hooks:
   - id: codespell
-    args: ["-L", "sur"]
+    args: ["-L", "sur", "-w"]
     exclude: ^docs/working-examples\.md$  # Autogenerated

.readthedocs.yml

@@ -2,13 +2,17 @@
 # See https://docs.readthedocs.io/en/stable/config-file/v2.html for details
 version: 2
 
-mkdocs:
-  configuration: mkdocs.yml
+build:
+  os: ubuntu-22.04
+  tools:
+    python: "3.11"
 
 python:
-  version: 3.8
   install:
     - method: pip
       path: .
       extra_requirements:
         - docs
+
+mkdocs:
+  configuration: mkdocs.yml

README.md

@@ -91,13 +91,13 @@ jobs:
         os: [ubuntu-20.04, windows-2019, macOS-11]
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       # Used to host cibuildwheel
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v3
 
       - name: Install cibuildwheel
-        run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.15.0
+        run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.16.2
 
       - name: Build wheels
         run: python -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
@@ -163,12 +163,12 @@ Here are some repos that use cibuildwheel.
 | [scikit-learn][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The machine learning library. A complex but clean config using many of cibuildwheel's features to build a large project with Cython and C++ extensions.  |
 | [pytorch-fairseq][]               | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Facebook AI Research Sequence-to-Sequence Toolkit written in Python. |
 | [NumPy][]                         | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The fundamental package for scientific computing with Python. |
-| [Tornado][]                       | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Tornado is a Python web framework and asynchronous networking library, originally developed at FriendFeed. |
+| [Tornado][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] ![apple icon][] ![windows icon][] | Tornado is a Python web framework and asynchronous networking library. Uses stable ABI for a small C extension. |
 | [Matplotlib][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The venerable Matplotlib, a Python library with C++ portions |
 | [NCNN][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | ncnn is a high-performance neural network inference framework optimized for the mobile platform |
 | [Prophet][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Tool for producing high quality forecasts for time series data that has multiple seasonality with linear or non-linear growth. |
-| [Kivy][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Open source UI framework written in Python, running on Windows, Linux, macOS, Android and iOS |
 | [MyPy][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | The compiled version of MyPy using MyPyC. |
+| [Kivy][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Open source UI framework written in Python, running on Windows, Linux, macOS, Android and iOS |
 | [duckdb][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | DuckDB is an in-process SQL OLAP Database Management System |
 
 [scikit-learn]: https://github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn
@@ -178,8 +178,8 @@ Here are some repos that use cibuildwheel.
 [Matplotlib]: https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib
 [NCNN]: https://github.com/Tencent/ncnn
 [Prophet]: https://github.com/facebook/prophet
-[Kivy]: https://github.com/kivy/kivy
 [MyPy]: https://github.com/mypyc/mypy_mypyc-wheels
+[Kivy]: https://github.com/kivy/kivy
 [duckdb]: https://github.com/duckdb/duckdb
 
 [appveyor icon]: docs/data/readme_icons/appveyor.svg
@@ -213,6 +213,36 @@ Changelog
 
 <!-- this section was generated by bin/update_readme_changelog.py -- do not edit manually -->
 
+### v2.16.2
+
+_3 October 2023_
+
+- 🛠 Updates CPython 3.12 version to 3.12.0, final release (#1635)
+- ✨ Adds a debug option [`CIBW_DEBUG_KEEP_CONTAINER`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#cibw_debug_keep_container) to stop cibuildwheel deleting build containers after the build finishes. (#1620)
+- 📚 Adds support for `[tool.cibuildwheel]` checking by adding a schema compatible with the [validate-pyproject](https://github.com/abravalheri/validate-pyproject/) tool (#1622, #1628, #1629)
+- 🐛 Fix parsing of `CIBW_CONTAINER_ENGINE` and `CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND` options to not break arguments on `:` characters (#1621)
+- 🐛 Fix the evaluation order of `CIBW_ENVIRONMENT` and `CIBW_ENVIRONMENT_PASS` so that `CIBW_ENVIRONMENT` assignments can reference environment variables passed through from the host machine. (#1617)
+- 🛠 Supports manylinux images' deferred installation of interpreters through the `manylinux-interpreters` tool (#1630)
+
+### v2.16.1
+
+_26 September 2023_
+
+- 🛠 Updates the prerelease CPython 3.12 version to 3.12.0rc3 (#1625)
+- 🛠 Only calls `linux32` in containers when necessary (#1599)
+
+### v2.16.0
+
+_18 September 2023_
+
+- ✨ Add the ability to pass additional flags to a build frontend through the [CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#build-frontend) option (#1588).
+- ✨ The environment variable SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH is now automatically passed through to container Linux builds (useful for [reproducible builds](https://reproducible-builds.org/docs/source-date-epoch/)!) (#1589)
+- 🛠 Updates the prerelease CPython 3.12 version to 3.12.0rc2 (#1604)
+- 🐛 Fix `requires_python` auto-detection from setup.py when the call to `setup()` is within an `if __name__ == "__main__"` block (#1613)
+- 🐛 Fix a bug that prevented building Linux wheels in Docker on a Windows host (#1573)
+- 🐛 `--only` can now select prerelease-pythons (#1564)
+- 📚 Docs & examples updates (#1582, #1593, #1598, #1615)
+
 ### v2.15.0
 
 _8 August 2023_
@@ -226,33 +256,6 @@ _15 July 2023_
 
 - 🛠 Updates the prerelease CPython 3.12 version to 3.12.0b4 (#1550)
 
-### v2.14.0
-
-_10 July 2023_
-
-- ✨ Adds support for building PyPy 3.10 wheels. (#1525)
-- 🛠 Updates the prerelease CPython 3.12 version to 3.12.0b3.
-- ✨ Allow the use of the `{wheel}` placeholder in CIBW_TEST_COMMAND (#1533)
-- 📚 Docs & examples updates (#1532, #1416)
-- ⚠️ Removed support for running cibuildwheel in Python 3.7. Python 3.7 is EOL. However, cibuildwheel continues to build Python 3.7 wheels for the moment. (#1175)
-
-### v2.13.1
-
-_10 June 2023_
-
-- 🛠 Updates the prerelease CPython 3.12 version to 3.12.0b2. (#1516)
-- 🛠 Adds a moving `v<major>.<minor>` tag for use in GitHub Actions workflow files. If you use this, you'll get the latest patch release within a minor version. Additionally, Dependabot won't send you PRs for patch releases. (#1517)
-
-### v2.13.0
-
-_28 May 2023_
-
-- ✨ Adds CPython 3.12 support, under the prerelease flag [CIBW_PRERELEASE_PYTHONS](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#prerelease-pythons). This version of cibuildwheel uses 3.12.0b1.
-
-    While CPython is in beta, the ABI can change, so your wheels might not be compatible with the final release. For this reason, we don't recommend distributing wheels until RC1, at which point 3.12 will be available in cibuildwheel without the flag. (#1507)
-
-- ✨ Adds the ability to pass arguments to the container engine when the container is created, using the [CIBW_CONTAINER_ENGINE](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#container-engine) option. (#1499)
-
 <!-- END bin/update_readme_changelog.py -->
 
 ---

bin/bump_version.py

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ def bump_version() -> None:
         print(e)
         print("Failed to get previous version tag information.")
 
-    git_changes_result = subprocess.run(["git diff-index --quiet HEAD --"], shell=True)
+    git_changes_result = subprocess.run(["git diff-index --quiet HEAD --"], shell=True, check=False)
     repo_has_uncommitted_changes = git_changes_result.returncode != 0
 
     if repo_has_uncommitted_changes:
@@ -142,7 +142,8 @@ def bump_version() -> None:
             "pre-commit",
             "run",
             "--files=docs/changelog.md",
-        ]
+        ],
+        check=False,
     )
 
     # run pre-commit to check that no errors occurred on the second run

bin/generate_schema.py

@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+import copy
+import json
+from typing import Any
+
+import yaml
+
+starter = """
+$id: https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/blob/main/cibuildwheel/resources/cibuildwheel.schema.json
+$schema: http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema
+additionalProperties: false
+description: cibuildwheel's settings.
+type: object
+properties:
+  archs:
+    description: Change the architectures built on your machine by default.
+    type: string_array
+  before-all:
+    description: Execute a shell command on the build system before any wheels are built.
+    type: string_array
+  before-build:
+    description: Execute a shell command preparing each wheel's build.
+    type: string_array
+  before-test:
+    description: Execute a shell command before testing each wheel.
+    type: string_array
+  build:
+    default: ['*']
+    description: Choose the Python versions to build.
+    type: string_array
+  build-frontend:
+    default: default
+    description: Set the tool to use to build, either "pip" (default for now) or "build"
+    oneOf:
+      - enum: [pip, build, default]
+      - type: string
+        pattern: '^pip; ?args:'
+      - type: string
+        pattern: '^build; ?args:'
+      - type: object
+        additionalProperties: false
+        required: [name]
+        properties:
+          name:
+            enum: [pip, build]
+          args:
+            type: array
+            items:
+              type: string
+  build-verbosity:
+    type: integer
+    minimum: -3
+    maximum: 3
+    default: 0
+    description: Increase/decrease the output of pip wheel.
+  config-settings:
+    description: Specify config-settings for the build backend.
+    type: string_table_array
+  container-engine:
+    oneOf:
+      - enum: [docker, podman]
+      - type: string
+        pattern: '^docker; ?create_args:'
+      - type: string
+        pattern: '^podman; ?create_args:'
+      - type: object
+        additionalProperties: false
+        required: [name]
+        properties:
+          name:
+            enum: [docker, podman]
+          create-args:
+            type: array
+            items:
+              type: string
+  dependency-versions:
+    default: pinned
+    description: Specify how cibuildwheel controls the versions of the tools it uses
+    type: string
+  environment:
+    description: Set environment variables needed during the build.
+    type: string_table
+  environment-pass:
+    description: Set environment variables on the host to pass-through to the container
+      during the build.
+    type: string_array
+  manylinux-aarch64-image:
+    type: string
+    description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
+  manylinux-i686-image:
+    type: string
+    description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
+  manylinux-ppc64le-image:
+    type: string
+    description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
+  manylinux-pypy_aarch64-image:
+    type: string
+    description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
+  manylinux-pypy_i686-image:
+    type: string
+    description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
+  manylinux-pypy_x86_64-image:
+    type: string
+    description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
+  manylinux-s390x-image:
+    type: string
+    description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
+  manylinux-x86_64-image:
+    type: string
+    description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
+  musllinux-aarch64-image:
+    type: string
+    description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
+  musllinux-i686-image:
+    type: string
+    description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
+  musllinux-ppc64le-image:
+    type: string
+    description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
+  musllinux-s390x-image:
+    type: string
+    description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
+  musllinux-x86_64-image:
+    type: string
+    description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
+  repair-wheel-command:
+    type: string_array
+    description: Execute a shell command to repair each built wheel.
+  skip:
+    description: Choose the Python versions to skip.
+    type: string_array
+  test-command:
+    description: Execute a shell command to test each built wheel.
+    type: string_array
+  test-extras:
+    description: Install your wheel for testing using `extras_require`
+    type: string_array
+  test-requires:
+    description: Install Python dependencies before running the tests
+    type: string_array
+  test-skip:
+    description: Skip running tests on some builds.
+    type: string_array
+"""
+
+schema = yaml.safe_load(starter)
+
+string_array = yaml.safe_load(
+    """
+- type: string
+- type: array
+  items:
+    type: string
+"""
+)
+
+string_table_array = yaml.safe_load(
+    """
+- type: string
+- type: object
+  additionalProperties: false
+  patternProperties:
+    .+:
+      oneOf:
+        - type: string
+        - type: array
+          items:
+            type: string
+"""
+)
+
+string_table = yaml.safe_load(
+    """
+- type: string
+- type: object
+  additionalProperties: false
+  patternProperties:
+    .+:
+      - type: string
+"""
+)
+
+for value in schema["properties"].values():
+    match value:
+        case {"type": "string_array"}:
+            del value["type"]
+            value["oneOf"] = string_array
+        case {"type": "string_table"}:
+            del value["type"]
+            value["oneOf"] = string_table
+        case {"type": "string_table_array"}:
+            del value["type"]
+            value["oneOf"] = string_table_array
+
+overrides = yaml.safe_load(
+    """
+type: array
+description: An overrides array
+items:
+  type: object
+  required: ["select"]
+  minProperties: 2
+  additionalProperties: false
+  properties:
+    select: {}
+"""
+)
+
+for key, value in schema["properties"].items():
+    value["title"] = f'CIBW_{key.replace("-", "_").upper()}'
+
+non_global_options = {k: {"$ref": f"#/properties/{k}"} for k in schema["properties"]}
+del non_global_options["build"]
+del non_global_options["skip"]
+del non_global_options["container-engine"]
+del non_global_options["test-skip"]
+
+overrides["items"]["properties"]["select"]["oneOf"] = string_array
+overrides["items"]["properties"] |= non_global_options.copy()
+
+del overrides["items"]["properties"]["archs"]
+
+not_linux = non_global_options.copy()
+
+del not_linux["environment-pass"]
+for key in list(not_linux):
+    if "linux-" in key:
+        del not_linux[key]
+
+
+def as_object(d: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return {
+        "type": "object",
+        "additionalProperties": False,
+        "properties": copy.deepcopy(d),
+    }
+
+
+oses = {
+    "linux": as_object(non_global_options),
+    "windows": as_object(not_linux),
+    "macos": as_object(not_linux),
+}
+
+oses["linux"]["properties"]["repair-wheel-command"] = {
+    **schema["properties"]["repair-wheel-command"],
+    "default": "auditwheel repair -w {dest_dir} {wheel}",
+}
+oses["macos"]["properties"]["repair-wheel-command"] = {
+    **schema["properties"]["repair-wheel-command"],
+    "default": "delocate-wheel --require-archs {delocate_archs} -w {dest_dir} -v {wheel}",
+}
+
+del oses["linux"]["properties"]["dependency-versions"]
+
+schema["properties"]["overrides"] = overrides
+schema["properties"] |= oses
+
+print(json.dumps(schema, indent=2))

bin/make_dependency_update_pr.py

@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@ from subprocess import run
 import click
 
 
-def shell(cmd, **kwargs):
-    return run([cmd], shell=True, **kwargs)
+def shell(cmd, *, check: bool, **kwargs):
+    return run([cmd], shell=True, check=check, **kwargs)
 
 
 def git_repo_has_changes():
-    unstaged_changes = shell("git diff-index --quiet HEAD --").returncode != 0
-    staged_changes = shell("git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD --").returncode != 0
+    unstaged_changes = shell("git diff-index --quiet HEAD --", check=False).returncode != 0
+    staged_changes = shell("git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD --", check=False).returncode != 0
     return unstaged_changes or staged_changes
 
 
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ def main():
         print("Done.")
     finally:
         # remove any local changes
-        shell("git checkout -- .")
+        shell("git checkout -- .", check=True)
         shell(f"git checkout {previous_branch}", check=True)
         shell(f"git branch -D --force {branch_name}", check=True)
 

bin/run_example_ci_configs.py

@@ -16,13 +16,13 @@ from urllib.parse import quote
 import click
 
 
-def shell(cmd, **kwargs):
-    return run([cmd], shell=True, **kwargs)
+def shell(cmd, *, check: bool, **kwargs):
+    return run([cmd], shell=True, check=check, **kwargs)
 
 
 def git_repo_has_changes():
-    unstaged_changes = shell("git diff-index --quiet HEAD --").returncode != 0
-    staged_changes = shell("git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD --").returncode != 0
+    unstaged_changes = shell("git diff-index --quiet HEAD --", check=False).returncode != 0
+    staged_changes = shell("git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD --", check=False).returncode != 0
     return unstaged_changes or staged_changes
 
 
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ def run_example_ci_configs(config_files=None):
     finally:
         # remove any local changes
         shutil.rmtree(example_project, ignore_errors=True)
-        shell("git checkout -- .")
+        shell("git checkout -- .", check=True)
         shell(f"git checkout {previous_branch}", check=True)
         shell(f"git branch -D --force {branch_name}", check=True)
 

bin/sample_build.py

@@ -24,4 +24,8 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
         check=True,
     )
 
-    sys.exit(subprocess.run([sys.executable, "-m", "cibuildwheel"], cwd=project_dir).returncode)
+    sys.exit(
+        subprocess.run(
+            [sys.executable, "-m", "cibuildwheel"], cwd=project_dir, check=False
+        ).returncode
+    )

bin/update_how_it_works_image.py

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ except ImportError:
 
 
 def main():
-    subprocess.run(["mkdocs", "build"])
+    subprocess.run(["mkdocs", "build"], check=True)
 
     hti = Html2Image(custom_flags=["--force-device-scale-factor=2"])
 

cibuildwheel/__init__.py

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-__version__ = "2.15.0"
+__version__ = "2.16.2"

cibuildwheel/_compat/tomllib.py

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import sys
 
 if sys.version_info >= (3, 11):
-    from tomllib import load  # noqa: TID251
+    from tomllib import load, loads
 else:
-    from tomli import load  # noqa: TID251
+    from tomli import load, loads
 
-__all__ = ("load",)
+__all__ = ["load", "loads"]

cibuildwheel/_compat/typing.py

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import sys
 if sys.version_info < (3, 11):
     from typing_extensions import NotRequired, assert_never
 else:
-    from typing import NotRequired, assert_never  # noqa: TID251
+    from typing import NotRequired, assert_never
 
 __all__ = (
     "assert_never",

cibuildwheel/environment.py

@@ -124,8 +124,12 @@ class ParsedEnvironment:
 
         return environment
 
-    def add(self, name: str, value: str) -> None:
-        self.assignments.append(EnvironmentAssignmentRaw(name=name, value=value))
+    def add(self, name: str, value: str, prepend: bool = False) -> None:
+        assignment = EnvironmentAssignmentRaw(name=name, value=value)
+        if prepend:
+            self.assignments.insert(0, assignment)
+        else:
+            self.assignments.append(assignment)
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
         return f"{self.__class__.__name__}({[repr(a) for a in self.assignments]!r})"

cibuildwheel/linux.py

@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@ from .options import Options
 from .typing import PathOrStr
 from .util import (
     AlreadyBuiltWheelError,
+    BuildFrontendConfig,
     BuildSelector,
     NonPlatformWheelError,
-    build_frontend_or_default,
     find_compatible_wheel,
     get_build_verbosity_extra_flags,
     prepare_command,
@@ -117,10 +117,20 @@ def check_all_python_exist(
     *, platform_configs: Iterable[PythonConfiguration], container: OCIContainer
 ) -> None:
     exist = True
+    has_manylinux_interpreters = True
     messages = []
+
+    try:
+        # use capture_output to keep quiet
+        container.call(["manylinux-interpreters", "--help"], capture_output=True)
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
+        has_manylinux_interpreters = False
+
     for config in platform_configs:
         python_path = config.path / "bin" / "python"
         try:
+            if has_manylinux_interpreters:
+                container.call(["manylinux-interpreters", "ensure", config.path.name])
             container.call(["test", "-x", python_path])
         except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
             messages.append(
@@ -177,7 +187,7 @@ def build_in_container(
     for config in platform_configs:
         log.build_start(config.identifier)
         build_options = options.build_options(config.identifier)
-        build_frontend = build_frontend_or_default(build_options.build_frontend)
+        build_frontend = build_options.build_frontend or BuildFrontendConfig("pip")
 
         dependency_constraint_flags: list[PathOrStr] = []
 
@@ -185,7 +195,7 @@ def build_in_container(
             constraints_file = build_options.dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version(
                 config.version
             )
-            container_constraints_file = PurePath("/constraints.txt")
+            container_constraints_file = PurePosixPath("/constraints.txt")
 
             container.copy_into(constraints_file, container_constraints_file)
             dependency_constraint_flags = ["-c", container_constraints_file]
@@ -243,9 +253,10 @@ def build_in_container(
             container.call(["rm", "-rf", built_wheel_dir])
             container.call(["mkdir", "-p", built_wheel_dir])
 
-            extra_flags = split_config_settings(build_options.config_settings, build_frontend)
+            extra_flags = split_config_settings(build_options.config_settings, build_frontend.name)
+            extra_flags += build_frontend.args
 
-            if build_frontend == "pip":
+            if build_frontend.name == "pip":
                 extra_flags += get_build_verbosity_extra_flags(build_options.build_verbosity)
                 container.call(
                     [
@@ -260,7 +271,7 @@ def build_in_container(
                     ],
                     env=env,
                 )
-            elif build_frontend == "build":
+            elif build_frontend.name == "build":
                 if not 0 <= build_options.build_verbosity < 2:
                     msg = f"build_verbosity {build_options.build_verbosity} is not supported for build frontend. Ignoring."
                     log.warning(msg)
@@ -422,7 +433,7 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:  # noqa: ARG001
 
             with OCIContainer(
                 image=build_step.container_image,
-                simulate_32_bit=build_step.platform_tag.endswith("i686"),
+                enforce_32_bit=build_step.platform_tag.endswith("i686"),
                 cwd=container_project_path,
                 engine=options.globals.container_engine,
             ) as container:

cibuildwheel/macos.py

@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@ from .typing import PathOrStr
 from .util import (
     CIBW_CACHE_PATH,
     AlreadyBuiltWheelError,
-    BuildFrontend,
+    BuildFrontendConfig,
+    BuildFrontendName,
     BuildSelector,
     NonPlatformWheelError,
-    build_frontend_or_default,
     call,
     detect_ci_provider,
     download,
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ def setup_python(
     python_configuration: PythonConfiguration,
     dependency_constraint_flags: Sequence[PathOrStr],
     environment: ParsedEnvironment,
-    build_frontend: BuildFrontend,
+    build_frontend: BuildFrontendName,
 ) -> dict[str, str]:
     tmp.mkdir()
     implementation_id = python_configuration.identifier.split("-")[0]
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
 
         for config in python_configurations:
             build_options = options.build_options(config.identifier)
-            build_frontend = build_frontend_or_default(build_options.build_frontend)
+            build_frontend = build_options.build_frontend or BuildFrontendConfig("pip")
             log.build_start(config.identifier)
 
             identifier_tmp_dir = tmp_path / config.identifier
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                 config,
                 dependency_constraint_flags,
                 build_options.environment,
-                build_frontend,
+                build_frontend.name,
             )
 
             compatible_wheel = find_compatible_wheel(built_wheels, config.identifier)
@@ -378,9 +378,12 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                 log.step("Building wheel...")
                 built_wheel_dir.mkdir()
 
-                extra_flags = split_config_settings(build_options.config_settings, build_frontend)
+                extra_flags = split_config_settings(
+                    build_options.config_settings, build_frontend.name
+                )
+                extra_flags += build_frontend.args
 
-                if build_frontend == "pip":
+                if build_frontend.name == "pip":
                     extra_flags += get_build_verbosity_extra_flags(build_options.build_verbosity)
                     # Path.resolve() is needed. Without it pip wheel may try to fetch package from pypi.org
                     # see https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/pull/369
@@ -395,7 +398,7 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                         *extra_flags,
                         env=env,
                     )
-                elif build_frontend == "build":
+                elif build_frontend.name == "build":
                     if not 0 <= build_options.build_verbosity < 2:
                         msg = f"build_verbosity {build_options.build_verbosity} is not supported for build frontend. Ignoring."
                         log.warning(msg)

cibuildwheel/oci_container.py

@@ -17,7 +17,13 @@ from types import TracebackType
 from typing import IO, Dict, Literal
 
 from .typing import PathOrStr, PopenBytes
-from .util import CIProvider, detect_ci_provider, parse_key_value_string
+from .util import (
+    CIProvider,
+    call,
+    detect_ci_provider,
+    parse_key_value_string,
+    strtobool,
+)
 
 ContainerEngineName = Literal["docker", "podman"]
 
@@ -29,7 +35,9 @@ class OCIContainerEngineConfig:
 
     @staticmethod
     def from_config_string(config_string: str) -> OCIContainerEngineConfig:
-        config_dict = parse_key_value_string(config_string, ["name"])
+        config_dict = parse_key_value_string(
+            config_string, ["name"], ["create_args", "create-args"]
+        )
         name = " ".join(config_dict["name"])
         if name not in {"docker", "podman"}:
             msg = f"unknown container engine {name}"
@@ -83,7 +91,7 @@ class OCIContainer:
         self,
         *,
         image: str,
-        simulate_32_bit: bool = False,
+        enforce_32_bit: bool = False,
         cwd: PathOrStr | None = None,
         engine: OCIContainerEngineConfig = DEFAULT_ENGINE,
     ):
@@ -92,7 +100,7 @@ class OCIContainer:
             raise ValueError(msg)
 
         self.image = image
-        self.simulate_32_bit = simulate_32_bit
+        self.enforce_32_bit = enforce_32_bit
         self.cwd = cwd
         self.name: str | None = None
         self.engine = engine
@@ -108,13 +116,24 @@ class OCIContainer:
         if detect_ci_provider() == CIProvider.travis_ci and platform.machine() == "ppc64le":
             network_args = ["--network=host"]
 
-        shell_args = ["linux32", "/bin/bash"] if self.simulate_32_bit else ["/bin/bash"]
+        simulate_32_bit = False
+        if self.enforce_32_bit:
+            # If the architecture running the image is already the right one
+            # or the image entrypoint takes care of enforcing this, then we don't need to
+            # simulate this
+            container_machine = call(
+                self.engine.name, "run", "--rm", self.image, "uname", "-m", capture_stdout=True
+            ).strip()
+            simulate_32_bit = container_machine != "i686"
+
+        shell_args = ["linux32", "/bin/bash"] if simulate_32_bit else ["/bin/bash"]
 
         subprocess.run(
             [
                 self.engine.name,
                 "create",
                 "--env=CIBUILDWHEEL",
+                "--env=SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH",
                 f"--name={self.name}",
                 "--interactive",
                 "--volume=/:/host",  # ignored on CircleCI
@@ -175,12 +194,14 @@ class OCIContainer:
 
         assert isinstance(self.name, str)
 
-        subprocess.run(
-            [self.engine.name, "rm", "--force", "-v", self.name],
-            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-            check=False,
-        )
-        self.name = None
+        keep_container = strtobool(os.environ.get("CIBW_DEBUG_KEEP_CONTAINER", ""))
+        if not keep_container:
+            subprocess.run(
+                [self.engine.name, "rm", "--force", "-v", self.name],
+                stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+                check=False,
+            )
+            self.name = None
 
     def copy_into(self, from_path: Path, to_path: PurePath) -> None:
         # `docker cp` causes 'no space left on device' error when

cibuildwheel/options.py

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ from .typing import PLATFORMS, PlatformName
 from .util import (
     MANYLINUX_ARCHS,
     MUSLLINUX_ARCHS,
-    BuildFrontend,
+    BuildFrontendConfig,
     BuildSelector,
     DependencyConstraints,
     TestSelector,
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ class BuildOptions:
     test_requires: list[str]
     test_extras: str
     build_verbosity: int
-    build_frontend: BuildFrontend | Literal["default"]
+    build_frontend: BuildFrontendConfig | None
     config_settings: str
 
     @property
@@ -450,6 +450,7 @@ class Options:
             build_config = args.only
             skip_config = ""
             architectures = Architecture.all_archs(self.platform)
+            prerelease_pythons = True
 
         build_selector = BuildSelector(
             build_config=build_config,
@@ -487,7 +488,6 @@ class Options:
         with self.reader.identifier(identifier):
             before_all = self.reader.get("before-all", sep=" && ")
 
-            build_frontend_str = self.reader.get("build-frontend", env_plat=False)
             environment_config = self.reader.get(
                 "environment", table={"item": '{k}="{v}"', "sep": " "}
             )
@@ -505,17 +505,20 @@ class Options:
             test_extras = self.reader.get("test-extras", sep=",")
             build_verbosity_str = self.reader.get("build-verbosity")
 
-            build_frontend: BuildFrontend | Literal["default"]
-            if build_frontend_str == "build":
-                build_frontend = "build"
-            elif build_frontend_str == "pip":
-                build_frontend = "pip"
-            elif build_frontend_str == "default":
-                build_frontend = "default"
+            build_frontend_str = self.reader.get(
+                "build-frontend",
+                env_plat=False,
+                table={"item": "{k}:{v}", "sep": "; ", "quote": shlex.quote},
+            )
+            build_frontend: BuildFrontendConfig | None
+            if not build_frontend_str or build_frontend_str == "default":
+                build_frontend = None
             else:
-                msg = f"cibuildwheel: Unrecognised build frontend {build_frontend_str!r}, only 'pip' and 'build' are supported"
-                print(msg, file=sys.stderr)
-                sys.exit(2)
+                try:
+                    build_frontend = BuildFrontendConfig.from_config_string(build_frontend_str)
+                except ValueError as e:
+                    print(f"cibuildwheel: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
+                    sys.exit(2)
 
             try:
                 environment = parse_environment(environment_config)
@@ -529,9 +532,9 @@ class Options:
 
             # Pass through environment variables
             if self.platform == "linux":
-                for env_var_name in environment_pass:
+                for env_var_name in reversed(environment_pass):
                     with contextlib.suppress(KeyError):
-                        environment.add(env_var_name, self.env[env_var_name])
+                        environment.add(env_var_name, self.env[env_var_name], prepend=True)
 
             if dependency_versions == "pinned":
                 dependency_constraints: None | (

cibuildwheel/projectfiles.py

@@ -8,6 +8,43 @@ from pathlib import Path
 from ._compat import tomllib
 
 
+def get_parent(node: ast.AST | None, depth: int = 1) -> ast.AST | None:
+    for _ in range(depth):
+        node = getattr(node, "parent", None)
+    return node
+
+
+def is_main(parent: ast.AST | None) -> bool:
+    if parent is None:
+        return False
+
+    # This would be much nicer with 3.10's pattern matching!
+    if not isinstance(parent, ast.If):
+        return False
+    if not isinstance(parent.test, ast.Compare):
+        return False
+
+    try:
+        (op,) = parent.test.ops
+        (comp,) = parent.test.comparators
+    except ValueError:
+        return False
+
+    if not isinstance(op, ast.Eq):
+        return False
+
+    values = {comp, parent.test.left}
+
+    mains = {x for x in values if isinstance(x, ast.Constant) and x.value == "__main__"}
+    if len(mains) != 1:
+        return False
+    consts = {x for x in values if isinstance(x, ast.Name) and x.id == "__name__"}
+    if len(consts) != 1:
+        return False
+
+    return True
+
+
 class Analyzer(ast.NodeVisitor):
     def __init__(self) -> None:
         self.requires_python: str | None = None
@@ -19,13 +56,22 @@ class Analyzer(ast.NodeVisitor):
         super().visit(node)
 
     def visit_keyword(self, node: ast.keyword) -> None:
+        # Must not be nested except for if __name__ == "__main__"
+
         self.generic_visit(node)
-        # Must not be nested in an if or other structure
         # This will be Module -> Expr -> Call -> keyword
+        parent = get_parent(node, 4)
+        unnested = parent is None
+
+        # This will be Module -> If -> Expr -> Call -> keyword
+        name_main_unnested = (
+            parent is not None and get_parent(parent) is None and is_main(get_parent(node, 3))
+        )
+
         if (
             node.arg == "python_requires"
-            and not hasattr(node.parent.parent.parent, "parent")  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
             and isinstance(node.value, ast.Constant)
+            and (unnested or name_main_unnested)
         ):
             self.requires_python = node.value.value
 

cibuildwheel/resources/build-platforms.toml

@@ -97,19 +97,19 @@ python_configurations = [
   { identifier = "cp310-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.10", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.10.11/python-3.10.11-macos11.pkg" },
   { identifier = "cp310-macosx_arm64", version = "3.10", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.10.11/python-3.10.11-macos11.pkg" },
   { identifier = "cp310-macosx_universal2", version = "3.10", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.10.11/python-3.10.11-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp311-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.11", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.11.4/python-3.11.4-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp311-macosx_arm64", version = "3.11", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.11.4/python-3.11.4-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp311-macosx_universal2", version = "3.11", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.11.4/python-3.11.4-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp312-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.0/python-3.12.0rc1-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp312-macosx_arm64", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.0/python-3.12.0rc1-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp312-macosx_universal2", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.0/python-3.12.0rc1-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp311-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.11", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.11.6/python-3.11.6-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp311-macosx_arm64", version = "3.11", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.11.6/python-3.11.6-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp311-macosx_universal2", version = "3.11", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.11.6/python-3.11.6-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp312-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.0/python-3.12.0-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp312-macosx_arm64", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.0/python-3.12.0-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp312-macosx_universal2", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.0/python-3.12.0-macos11.pkg" },
   { identifier = "pp37-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.7", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.7-v7.3.9-osx64.tar.bz2" },
   { identifier = "pp38-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.8", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.8-v7.3.11-macos_x86_64.tar.bz2" },
   { identifier = "pp38-macosx_arm64", version = "3.8", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.8-v7.3.11-macos_arm64.tar.bz2" },
-  { identifier = "pp39-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.9", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.9-v7.3.12-macos_x86_64.tar.bz2" },
-  { identifier = "pp39-macosx_arm64", version = "3.9", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.9-v7.3.12-macos_arm64.tar.bz2" },
-  { identifier = "pp310-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.10", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.10-v7.3.12-macos_x86_64.tar.bz2" },
-  { identifier = "pp310-macosx_arm64", version = "3.10", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.10-v7.3.12-macos_arm64.tar.bz2" },
+  { identifier = "pp39-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.9", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.9-v7.3.13-macos_x86_64.tar.bz2" },
+  { identifier = "pp39-macosx_arm64", version = "3.9", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.9-v7.3.13-macos_arm64.tar.bz2" },
+  { identifier = "pp310-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.10", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.10-v7.3.13-macos_x86_64.tar.bz2" },
+  { identifier = "pp310-macosx_arm64", version = "3.10", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.10-v7.3.13-macos_arm64.tar.bz2" },
 ]
 
 [windows]
@@ -124,16 +124,16 @@ python_configurations = [
   { identifier = "cp39-win_amd64", version = "3.9.13", arch = "64" },
   { identifier = "cp310-win32", version = "3.10.11", arch = "32" },
   { identifier = "cp310-win_amd64", version = "3.10.11", arch = "64" },
-  { identifier = "cp311-win32", version = "3.11.4", arch = "32" },
-  { identifier = "cp311-win_amd64", version = "3.11.4", arch = "64" },
-  { identifier = "cp312-win32", version = "3.12.0-rc1", arch = "32" },
-  { identifier = "cp312-win_amd64", version = "3.12.0-rc1", arch = "64" },
+  { identifier = "cp311-win32", version = "3.11.6", arch = "32" },
+  { identifier = "cp311-win_amd64", version = "3.11.6", arch = "64" },
+  { identifier = "cp312-win32", version = "3.12.0", arch = "32" },
+  { identifier = "cp312-win_amd64", version = "3.12.0", arch = "64" },
   { identifier = "cp39-win_arm64", version = "3.9.10", arch = "ARM64" },
   { identifier = "cp310-win_arm64", version = "3.10.11", arch = "ARM64" },
-  { identifier = "cp311-win_arm64", version = "3.11.4", arch = "ARM64" },
-  { identifier = "cp312-win_arm64", version = "3.12.0-rc1", arch = "ARM64" },
+  { identifier = "cp311-win_arm64", version = "3.11.6", arch = "ARM64" },
+  { identifier = "cp312-win_arm64", version = "3.12.0", arch = "ARM64" },
   { identifier = "pp37-win_amd64", version = "3.7", arch = "64", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.7-v7.3.9-win64.zip" },
   { identifier = "pp38-win_amd64", version = "3.8", arch = "64", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.8-v7.3.11-win64.zip" },
-  { identifier = "pp39-win_amd64", version = "3.9", arch = "64", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.9-v7.3.12-win64.zip" },
-  { identifier = "pp310-win_amd64", version = "3.10", arch = "64", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.10-v7.3.12-win64.zip" },
+  { identifier = "pp39-win_amd64", version = "3.9", arch = "64", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.9-v7.3.13-win64.zip" },
+  { identifier = "pp310-win_amd64", version = "3.10", arch = "64", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.10-v7.3.13-win64.zip" },
 ]

cibuildwheel/resources/cibuildwheel.schema.json

@@ -0,0 +1,707 @@
+{
+  "$id": "https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/blob/main/cibuildwheel/resources/cibuildwheel.schema.json",
+  "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema",
+  "additionalProperties": false,
+  "description": "cibuildwheel's settings.",
+  "type": "object",
+  "properties": {
+    "archs": {
+      "description": "Change the architectures built on your machine by default.",
+      "oneOf": [
+        {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "type": "string"
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "title": "CIBW_ARCHS"
+    },
+    "before-all": {
+      "description": "Execute a shell command on the build system before any wheels are built.",
+      "oneOf": [
+        {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "type": "string"
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "title": "CIBW_BEFORE_ALL"
+    },
+    "before-build": {
+      "description": "Execute a shell command preparing each wheel's build.",
+      "oneOf": [
+        {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "type": "string"
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "title": "CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD"
+    },
+    "before-test": {
+      "description": "Execute a shell command before testing each wheel.",
+      "oneOf": [
+        {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "type": "string"
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "title": "CIBW_BEFORE_TEST"
+    },
+    "build": {
+      "default": [
+        "*"
+      ],
+      "description": "Choose the Python versions to build.",
+      "oneOf": [
+        {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "type": "string"
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "title": "CIBW_BUILD"
+    },
+    "build-frontend": {
+      "default": "default",
+      "description": "Set the tool to use to build, either \"pip\" (default for now) or \"build\"",
+      "oneOf": [
+        {
+          "enum": [
+            "pip",
+            "build",
+            "default"
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "string",
+          "pattern": "^pip; ?args:"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "string",
+          "pattern": "^build; ?args:"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "object",
+          "additionalProperties": false,
+          "required": [
+            "name"
+          ],
+          "properties": {
+            "name": {
+              "enum": [
+                "pip",
+                "build"
+              ]
+            },
+            "args": {
+              "type": "array",
+              "items": {
+                "type": "string"
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "title": "CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND"
+    },
+    "build-verbosity": {
+      "type": "integer",
+      "minimum": -3,
+      "maximum": 3,
+      "default": 0,
+      "description": "Increase/decrease the output of pip wheel.",
+      "title": "CIBW_BUILD_VERBOSITY"
+    },
+    "config-settings": {
+      "description": "Specify config-settings for the build backend.",
+      "oneOf": [
+        {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "object",
+          "additionalProperties": false,
+          "patternProperties": {
+            ".+": {
+              "oneOf": [
+                {
+                  "type": "string"
+                },
+                {
+                  "type": "array",
+                  "items": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                  }
+                }
+              ]
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "title": "CIBW_CONFIG_SETTINGS"
+    },
+    "container-engine": {
+      "oneOf": [
+        {
+          "enum": [
+            "docker",
+            "podman"
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "string",
+          "pattern": "^docker; ?create_args:"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "string",
+          "pattern": "^podman; ?create_args:"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "object",
+          "additionalProperties": false,
+          "required": [
+            "name"
+          ],
+          "properties": {
+            "name": {
+              "enum": [
+                "docker",
+                "podman"
+              ]
+            },
+            "create-args": {
+              "type": "array",
+              "items": {
+                "type": "string"
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "title": "CIBW_CONTAINER_ENGINE"
+    },
+    "dependency-versions": {
+      "default": "pinned",
+      "description": "Specify how cibuildwheel controls the versions of the tools it uses",
+      "type": "string",
+      "title": "CIBW_DEPENDENCY_VERSIONS"
+    },
+    "environment": {
+      "description": "Set environment variables needed during the build.",
+      "oneOf": [
+        {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "object",
+          "additionalProperties": false,
+          "patternProperties": {
+            ".+": [
+              {
+                "type": "string"
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "title": "CIBW_ENVIRONMENT"
+    },
+    "environment-pass": {
+      "description": "Set environment variables on the host to pass-through to the container during the build.",
+      "oneOf": [
+        {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "type": "string"
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "title": "CIBW_ENVIRONMENT_PASS"
+    },
+    "manylinux-aarch64-image": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
+      "title": "CIBW_MANYLINUX_AARCH64_IMAGE"
+    },
+    "manylinux-i686-image": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
+      "title": "CIBW_MANYLINUX_I686_IMAGE"
+    },
+    "manylinux-ppc64le-image": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
+      "title": "CIBW_MANYLINUX_PPC64LE_IMAGE"
+    },
+    "manylinux-pypy_aarch64-image": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
+      "title": "CIBW_MANYLINUX_PYPY_AARCH64_IMAGE"
+    },
+    "manylinux-pypy_i686-image": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
+      "title": "CIBW_MANYLINUX_PYPY_I686_IMAGE"
+    },
+    "manylinux-pypy_x86_64-image": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
+      "title": "CIBW_MANYLINUX_PYPY_X86_64_IMAGE"
+    },
+    "manylinux-s390x-image": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
+      "title": "CIBW_MANYLINUX_S390X_IMAGE"
+    },
+    "manylinux-x86_64-image": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
+      "title": "CIBW_MANYLINUX_X86_64_IMAGE"
+    },
+    "musllinux-aarch64-image": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
+      "title": "CIBW_MUSLLINUX_AARCH64_IMAGE"
+    },
+    "musllinux-i686-image": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
+      "title": "CIBW_MUSLLINUX_I686_IMAGE"
+    },
+    "musllinux-ppc64le-image": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
+      "title": "CIBW_MUSLLINUX_PPC64LE_IMAGE"
+    },
+    "musllinux-s390x-image": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
+      "title": "CIBW_MUSLLINUX_S390X_IMAGE"
+    },
+    "musllinux-x86_64-image": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
+      "title": "CIBW_MUSLLINUX_X86_64_IMAGE"
+    },
+    "repair-wheel-command": {
+      "description": "Execute a shell command to repair each built wheel.",
+      "oneOf": [
+        {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "type": "string"
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "title": "CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND"
+    },
+    "skip": {
+      "description": "Choose the Python versions to skip.",
+      "oneOf": [
+        {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "type": "string"
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "title": "CIBW_SKIP"
+    },
+    "test-command": {
+      "description": "Execute a shell command to test each built wheel.",
+      "oneOf": [
+        {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "type": "string"
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "title": "CIBW_TEST_COMMAND"
+    },
+    "test-extras": {
+      "description": "Install your wheel for testing using `extras_require`",
+      "oneOf": [
+        {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "type": "string"
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "title": "CIBW_TEST_EXTRAS"
+    },
+    "test-requires": {
+      "description": "Install Python dependencies before running the tests",
+      "oneOf": [
+        {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "type": "string"
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "title": "CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES"
+    },
+    "test-skip": {
+      "description": "Skip running tests on some builds.",
+      "oneOf": [
+        {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "type": "string"
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "title": "CIBW_TEST_SKIP"
+    },
+    "overrides": {
+      "type": "array",
+      "description": "An overrides array",
+      "items": {
+        "type": "object",
+        "required": [
+          "select"
+        ],
+        "minProperties": 2,
+        "additionalProperties": false,
+        "properties": {
+          "select": {
+            "oneOf": [
+              {
+                "type": "string"
+              },
+              {
+                "type": "array",
+                "items": {
+                  "type": "string"
+                }
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          "before-all": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/before-all"
+          },
+          "before-build": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/before-build"
+          },
+          "before-test": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/before-test"
+          },
+          "build-frontend": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/build-frontend"
+          },
+          "build-verbosity": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/build-verbosity"
+          },
+          "config-settings": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/config-settings"
+          },
+          "dependency-versions": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/dependency-versions"
+          },
+          "environment": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/environment"
+          },
+          "environment-pass": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/environment-pass"
+          },
+          "manylinux-aarch64-image": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-aarch64-image"
+          },
+          "manylinux-i686-image": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-i686-image"
+          },
+          "manylinux-ppc64le-image": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-ppc64le-image"
+          },
+          "manylinux-pypy_aarch64-image": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-pypy_aarch64-image"
+          },
+          "manylinux-pypy_i686-image": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-pypy_i686-image"
+          },
+          "manylinux-pypy_x86_64-image": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-pypy_x86_64-image"
+          },
+          "manylinux-s390x-image": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-s390x-image"
+          },
+          "manylinux-x86_64-image": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-x86_64-image"
+          },
+          "musllinux-aarch64-image": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-aarch64-image"
+          },
+          "musllinux-i686-image": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-i686-image"
+          },
+          "musllinux-ppc64le-image": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-ppc64le-image"
+          },
+          "musllinux-s390x-image": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-s390x-image"
+          },
+          "musllinux-x86_64-image": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-x86_64-image"
+          },
+          "repair-wheel-command": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/repair-wheel-command"
+          },
+          "test-command": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/test-command"
+          },
+          "test-extras": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/test-extras"
+          },
+          "test-requires": {
+            "$ref": "#/properties/test-requires"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "linux": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "additionalProperties": false,
+      "properties": {
+        "archs": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/archs"
+        },
+        "before-all": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/before-all"
+        },
+        "before-build": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/before-build"
+        },
+        "before-test": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/before-test"
+        },
+        "build-frontend": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/build-frontend"
+        },
+        "build-verbosity": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/build-verbosity"
+        },
+        "config-settings": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/config-settings"
+        },
+        "environment": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/environment"
+        },
+        "environment-pass": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/environment-pass"
+        },
+        "manylinux-aarch64-image": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-aarch64-image"
+        },
+        "manylinux-i686-image": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-i686-image"
+        },
+        "manylinux-ppc64le-image": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-ppc64le-image"
+        },
+        "manylinux-pypy_aarch64-image": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-pypy_aarch64-image"
+        },
+        "manylinux-pypy_i686-image": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-pypy_i686-image"
+        },
+        "manylinux-pypy_x86_64-image": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-pypy_x86_64-image"
+        },
+        "manylinux-s390x-image": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-s390x-image"
+        },
+        "manylinux-x86_64-image": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-x86_64-image"
+        },
+        "musllinux-aarch64-image": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-aarch64-image"
+        },
+        "musllinux-i686-image": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-i686-image"
+        },
+        "musllinux-ppc64le-image": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-ppc64le-image"
+        },
+        "musllinux-s390x-image": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-s390x-image"
+        },
+        "musllinux-x86_64-image": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-x86_64-image"
+        },
+        "repair-wheel-command": {
+          "description": "Execute a shell command to repair each built wheel.",
+          "oneOf": [
+            {
+              "type": "string"
+            },
+            {
+              "type": "array",
+              "items": {
+                "type": "string"
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "title": "CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND",
+          "default": "auditwheel repair -w {dest_dir} {wheel}"
+        },
+        "test-command": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/test-command"
+        },
+        "test-extras": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/test-extras"
+        },
+        "test-requires": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/test-requires"
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "windows": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "additionalProperties": false,
+      "properties": {
+        "archs": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/archs"
+        },
+        "before-all": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/before-all"
+        },
+        "before-build": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/before-build"
+        },
+        "before-test": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/before-test"
+        },
+        "build-frontend": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/build-frontend"
+        },
+        "build-verbosity": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/build-verbosity"
+        },
+        "config-settings": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/config-settings"
+        },
+        "dependency-versions": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/dependency-versions"
+        },
+        "environment": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/environment"
+        },
+        "repair-wheel-command": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/repair-wheel-command"
+        },
+        "test-command": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/test-command"
+        },
+        "test-extras": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/test-extras"
+        },
+        "test-requires": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/test-requires"
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "macos": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "additionalProperties": false,
+      "properties": {
+        "archs": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/archs"
+        },
+        "before-all": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/before-all"
+        },
+        "before-build": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/before-build"
+        },
+        "before-test": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/before-test"
+        },
+        "build-frontend": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/build-frontend"
+        },
+        "build-verbosity": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/build-verbosity"
+        },
+        "config-settings": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/config-settings"
+        },
+        "dependency-versions": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/dependency-versions"
+        },
+        "environment": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/environment"
+        },
+        "repair-wheel-command": {
+          "description": "Execute a shell command to repair each built wheel.",
+          "oneOf": [
+            {
+              "type": "string"
+            },
+            {
+              "type": "array",
+              "items": {
+                "type": "string"
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "title": "CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND",
+          "default": "delocate-wheel --require-archs {delocate_archs} -w {dest_dir} -v {wheel}"
+        },
+        "test-command": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/test-command"
+        },
+        "test-extras": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/test-extras"
+        },
+        "test-requires": {
+          "$ref": "#/properties/test-requires"
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python310.txt

@@ -8,21 +8,21 @@ delocate==0.10.4
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 distlib==0.3.7
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.12.2
+filelock==3.12.4
     # via virtualenv
-packaging==23.1
+packaging==23.2
     # via delocate
-platformdirs==3.10.0
+platformdirs==3.11.0
     # via virtualenv
-typing-extensions==4.7.1
+typing-extensions==4.8.0
     # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.24.2
+virtualenv==20.24.5
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-wheel==0.41.1
+wheel==0.41.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 
 # The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
 pip==23.2.1
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-setuptools==68.0.0
+setuptools==68.2.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python311.txt

@@ -8,21 +8,21 @@ delocate==0.10.4
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 distlib==0.3.7
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.12.2
+filelock==3.12.4
     # via virtualenv
-packaging==23.1
+packaging==23.2
     # via delocate
-platformdirs==3.10.0
+platformdirs==3.11.0
     # via virtualenv
-typing-extensions==4.7.1
+typing-extensions==4.8.0
     # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.24.2
+virtualenv==20.24.5
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-wheel==0.41.1
+wheel==0.41.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 
 # The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
 pip==23.2.1
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-setuptools==68.0.0
+setuptools==68.2.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python312.txt

@@ -8,21 +8,21 @@ delocate==0.10.4
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 distlib==0.3.7
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.12.2
+filelock==3.12.4
     # via virtualenv
-packaging==23.1
+packaging==23.2
     # via delocate
-platformdirs==3.10.0
+platformdirs==3.11.0
     # via virtualenv
-typing-extensions==4.7.1
+typing-extensions==4.8.0
     # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.24.2
+virtualenv==20.24.5
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-wheel==0.41.1
+wheel==0.41.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 
 # The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
 pip==23.2.1
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-setuptools==68.0.0
+setuptools==68.2.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python37.txt

@@ -12,18 +12,18 @@ filelock==3.12.2
     # via virtualenv
 importlib-metadata==6.7.0
     # via virtualenv
-packaging==23.1
+packaging==23.2
     # via delocate
-platformdirs==3.10.0
+platformdirs==3.11.0
     # via virtualenv
 typing-extensions==4.7.1
     # via
     #   delocate
     #   importlib-metadata
     #   platformdirs
-virtualenv==20.24.2
+virtualenv==20.24.5
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-wheel==0.41.1
+wheel==0.41.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 zipp==3.15.0
     # via importlib-metadata

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python38.txt

@@ -8,21 +8,21 @@ delocate==0.10.4
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 distlib==0.3.7
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.12.2
+filelock==3.12.4
     # via virtualenv
-packaging==23.1
+packaging==23.2
     # via delocate
-platformdirs==3.10.0
+platformdirs==3.11.0
     # via virtualenv
-typing-extensions==4.7.1
+typing-extensions==4.8.0
     # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.24.2
+virtualenv==20.24.5
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-wheel==0.41.1
+wheel==0.41.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 
 # The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
 pip==23.2.1
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-setuptools==68.0.0
+setuptools==68.2.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python39.txt

@@ -8,21 +8,21 @@ delocate==0.10.4
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 distlib==0.3.7
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.12.2
+filelock==3.12.4
     # via virtualenv
-packaging==23.1
+packaging==23.2
     # via delocate
-platformdirs==3.10.0
+platformdirs==3.11.0
     # via virtualenv
-typing-extensions==4.7.1
+typing-extensions==4.8.0
     # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.24.2
+virtualenv==20.24.5
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-wheel==0.41.1
+wheel==0.41.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 
 # The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
 pip==23.2.1
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-setuptools==68.0.0
+setuptools==68.2.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.txt

@@ -8,21 +8,21 @@ delocate==0.10.4
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 distlib==0.3.7
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.12.2
+filelock==3.12.4
     # via virtualenv
-packaging==23.1
+packaging==23.2
     # via delocate
-platformdirs==3.10.0
+platformdirs==3.11.0
     # via virtualenv
-typing-extensions==4.7.1
+typing-extensions==4.8.0
     # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.24.2
+virtualenv==20.24.5
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-wheel==0.41.1
+wheel==0.41.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
 
 # The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
 pip==23.2.1
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-setuptools==68.0.0
+setuptools==68.2.2
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/defaults.toml

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ config-settings = {}
 dependency-versions = "pinned"
 environment = {}
 environment-pass = []
-build-verbosity = ""
+build-verbosity = 0
 
 before-all = ""
 before-build = ""

cibuildwheel/resources/pinned_docker_images.cfg

@@ -1,54 +1,54 @@
 [x86_64]
-manylinux1 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux1_x86_64:2023-08-06-0a0ac62
+manylinux1 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux1_x86_64:2023-10-01-4095a57
 manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_x86_64:2022-08-05-4535177
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2023-08-07-e3f636d
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2023-10-03-72cdc42
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_x86_64:2022-12-26-0d38463
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:2023-08-07-e3f636d
-musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_x86_64:2023-08-07-e3f636d
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_x86_64:2023-08-07-e3f636d
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:2023-10-03-72cdc42
+musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_x86_64:2023-10-03-72cdc42
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_x86_64:2023-10-03-72cdc42
 
 [i686]
-manylinux1 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux1_i686:2023-08-06-0a0ac62
+manylinux1 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux1_i686:2023-10-01-4095a57
 manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_i686:2022-08-05-4535177
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2023-08-07-e3f636d
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2023-10-03-72cdc42
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_i686:2022-12-26-0d38463
-musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_i686:2023-08-07-e3f636d
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_i686:2023-08-07-e3f636d
+musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_i686:2023-10-03-72cdc42
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_i686:2023-10-03-72cdc42
 
 [pypy_x86_64]
 manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_x86_64:2022-08-05-4535177
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2023-08-07-e3f636d
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2023-10-03-72cdc42
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_x86_64:2022-12-26-0d38463
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:2023-08-07-e3f636d
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:2023-10-03-72cdc42
 
 [pypy_i686]
 manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_i686:2022-08-05-4535177
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2023-08-07-e3f636d
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2023-10-03-72cdc42
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_i686:2022-12-26-0d38463
 
 [aarch64]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2023-08-07-e3f636d
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2023-10-03-72cdc42
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_aarch64:2022-12-26-0d38463
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64:2023-08-07-e3f636d
-musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_aarch64:2023-08-07-e3f636d
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_aarch64:2023-08-07-e3f636d
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64:2023-10-03-72cdc42
+musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_aarch64:2023-10-03-72cdc42
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_aarch64:2023-10-03-72cdc42
 
 [ppc64le]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_ppc64le:2023-08-07-e3f636d
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_ppc64le:2023-10-03-72cdc42
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_ppc64le:2022-12-26-0d38463
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_ppc64le:2023-08-07-e3f636d
-musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_ppc64le:2023-08-07-e3f636d
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_ppc64le:2023-08-07-e3f636d
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_ppc64le:2023-10-03-72cdc42
+musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_ppc64le:2023-10-03-72cdc42
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_ppc64le:2023-10-03-72cdc42
 
 [s390x]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_s390x:2023-08-07-e3f636d
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_s390x:2023-10-03-72cdc42
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_s390x:2022-12-26-0d38463
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_s390x:2023-08-07-e3f636d
-musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_s390x:2023-08-07-e3f636d
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_s390x:2023-08-07-e3f636d
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_s390x:2023-10-03-72cdc42
+musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_s390x:2023-10-03-72cdc42
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_s390x:2023-10-03-72cdc42
 
 [pypy_aarch64]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2023-08-07-e3f636d
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2023-10-03-72cdc42
 manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_aarch64:2022-12-26-0d38463
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64:2023-08-07-e3f636d
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64:2023-10-03-72cdc42
 

cibuildwheel/schema.py

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any
+
+DIR = Path(__file__).parent.resolve()
+
+
+def get_schema(tool_name: str = "cibuildwheel") -> dict[str, Any]:
+    "Get the stored complete schema for cibuildwheel settings."
+    assert tool_name == "cibuildwheel", "Only cibuildwheel is supported."
+
+    with DIR.joinpath("resources/cibuildwheel.schema.json").open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        return json.load(f)  # type: ignore[no-any-return]

cibuildwheel/util.py

@@ -57,16 +57,6 @@ install_certifi_script: Final[Path] = resources_dir / "install_certifi.py"
 
 test_fail_cwd_file: Final[Path] = resources_dir / "testing_temp_dir_file.py"
 
-BuildFrontend = Literal["pip", "build"]
-
-
-def build_frontend_or_default(
-    setting: BuildFrontend | Literal["default"], default: BuildFrontend = "pip"
-) -> BuildFrontend:
-    if setting == "default":
-        return default
-    return setting
-
 
 MANYLINUX_ARCHS: Final[tuple[str, ...]] = (
     "x86_64",
@@ -376,6 +366,34 @@ class DependencyConstraints:
             return self.base_file_path.name
 
 
+BuildFrontendName = Literal["pip", "build"]
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class BuildFrontendConfig:
+    name: BuildFrontendName
+    args: Sequence[str] = ()
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def from_config_string(config_string: str) -> BuildFrontendConfig:
+        config_dict = parse_key_value_string(config_string, ["name"], ["args"])
+        name = " ".join(config_dict["name"])
+        if name not in {"pip", "build"}:
+            msg = f"Unrecognised build frontend {name}, only 'pip' and 'build' are supported"
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+
+        name = typing.cast(BuildFrontendName, name)
+
+        args = config_dict.get("args") or []
+        return BuildFrontendConfig(name=name, args=args)
+
+    def options_summary(self) -> str | dict[str, str]:
+        if not self.args:
+            return self.name
+        else:
+            return {"name": self.name, "args": repr(self.args)}
+
+
 class NonPlatformWheelError(Exception):
     def __init__(self) -> None:
         message = textwrap.dedent(
@@ -699,28 +717,40 @@ def fix_ansi_codes_for_github_actions(text: str) -> str:
 
 
 def parse_key_value_string(
-    key_value_string: str, positional_arg_names: list[str] | None = None
+    key_value_string: str,
+    positional_arg_names: Sequence[str] | None = None,
+    kw_arg_names: Sequence[str] | None = None,
 ) -> dict[str, list[str]]:
     """
     Parses a string like "docker; create_args: --some-option=value another-option"
     """
     if positional_arg_names is None:
         positional_arg_names = []
+    if kw_arg_names is None:
+        kw_arg_names = []
 
-    shlexer = shlex.shlex(key_value_string, posix=True, punctuation_chars=";:")
+    all_field_names = [*positional_arg_names, *kw_arg_names]
+
+    shlexer = shlex.shlex(key_value_string, posix=True, punctuation_chars=";")
     shlexer.commenters = ""
+    shlexer.whitespace_split = True
     parts = list(shlexer)
     # parts now looks like
-    # ['docker', ';', 'create_args',':', '--some-option=value', 'another-option']
+    # ['docker', ';', 'create_args:', '--some-option=value', 'another-option']
 
     # split by semicolon
     fields = [list(group) for k, group in itertools.groupby(parts, lambda x: x == ";") if not k]
 
     result: dict[str, list[str]] = defaultdict(list)
     for field_i, field in enumerate(fields):
-        if len(field) > 1 and field[1] == ":":
-            field_name = field[0]
-            values = field[2:]
+        # check to see if the option name is specified
+        field_name, sep, first_value = field[0].partition(":")
+        if sep:
+            if field_name not in all_field_names:
+                msg = f"Failed to parse {key_value_string!r}. Unknown field name {field_name!r}"
+                raise ValueError(msg)
+
+            values = ([first_value] if first_value else []) + field[1:]
         else:
             try:
                 field_name = positional_arg_names[field_i]

cibuildwheel/windows.py

@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@ from .typing import PathOrStr
 from .util import (
     CIBW_CACHE_PATH,
     AlreadyBuiltWheelError,
-    BuildFrontend,
+    BuildFrontendConfig,
+    BuildFrontendName,
     BuildSelector,
     NonPlatformWheelError,
-    build_frontend_or_default,
     call,
     download,
     find_compatible_wheel,
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ def setup_python(
     python_configuration: PythonConfiguration,
     dependency_constraint_flags: Sequence[PathOrStr],
     environment: ParsedEnvironment,
-    build_frontend: BuildFrontend,
+    build_frontend: BuildFrontendName,
 ) -> dict[str, str]:
     tmp.mkdir()
     implementation_id = python_configuration.identifier.split("-")[0]
@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
 
         for config in python_configurations:
             build_options = options.build_options(config.identifier)
-            build_frontend = build_frontend_or_default(build_options.build_frontend)
+            build_frontend = build_options.build_frontend or BuildFrontendConfig("pip")
             log.build_start(config.identifier)
 
             identifier_tmp_dir = tmp_path / config.identifier
@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                 config,
                 dependency_constraint_flags,
                 build_options.environment,
-                build_frontend,
+                build_frontend.name,
             )
 
             compatible_wheel = find_compatible_wheel(built_wheels, config.identifier)
@@ -414,9 +414,12 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                 log.step("Building wheel...")
                 built_wheel_dir.mkdir()
 
-                extra_flags = split_config_settings(build_options.config_settings, build_frontend)
+                extra_flags = split_config_settings(
+                    build_options.config_settings, build_frontend.name
+                )
+                extra_flags += build_frontend.args
 
-                if build_frontend == "pip":
+                if build_frontend.name == "pip":
                     extra_flags += get_build_verbosity_extra_flags(build_options.build_verbosity)
                     # Path.resolve() is needed. Without it pip wheel may try to fetch package from pypi.org
                     # see https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/pull/369
@@ -431,7 +434,7 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                         *extra_flags,
                         env=env,
                     )
-                elif build_frontend == "build":
+                elif build_frontend.name == "build":
                     if not 0 <= build_options.build_verbosity < 2:
                         msg = f"build_verbosity {build_options.build_verbosity} is not supported for build frontend. Ignoring."
                         log.warning(msg)

docs/changelog.md

@@ -4,6 +4,36 @@ title: Changelog
 
 # Changelog
 
+### v2.16.2
+
+_3 October 2023_
+
+- 🛠 Updates CPython 3.12 version to 3.12.0, final release (#1635)
+- ✨ Adds a debug option [`CIBW_DEBUG_KEEP_CONTAINER`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#cibw_debug_keep_container) to stop cibuildwheel deleting build containers after the build finishes. (#1620)
+- 📚 Adds support for `[tool.cibuildwheel]` checking by adding a schema compatible with the [validate-pyproject](https://github.com/abravalheri/validate-pyproject/) tool (#1622, #1628, #1629)
+- 🐛 Fix parsing of `CIBW_CONTAINER_ENGINE` and `CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND` options to not break arguments on `:` characters (#1621)
+- 🐛 Fix the evaluation order of `CIBW_ENVIRONMENT` and `CIBW_ENVIRONMENT_PASS` so that `CIBW_ENVIRONMENT` assignments can reference environment variables passed through from the host machine. (#1617)
+- 🛠 Supports manylinux images' deferred installation of interpreters through the `manylinux-interpreters` tool (#1630)
+
+### v2.16.1
+
+_26 September 2023_
+
+- 🛠 Updates the prerelease CPython 3.12 version to 3.12.0rc3 (#1625)
+- 🛠 Only calls `linux32` in containers when necessary (#1599)
+
+### v2.16.0
+
+_18 September 2023_
+
+- ✨ Add the ability to pass additional flags to a build frontend through the [CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#build-frontend) option (#1588).
+- ✨ The environment variable SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH is now automatically passed through to container Linux builds (useful for [reproducible builds](https://reproducible-builds.org/docs/source-date-epoch/)!) (#1589)
+- 🛠 Updates the prerelease CPython 3.12 version to 3.12.0rc2 (#1604)
+- 🐛 Fix `requires_python` auto-detection from setup.py when the call to `setup()` is within an `if __name__ == "__main__"` block (#1613)
+- 🐛 Fix a bug that prevented building Linux wheels in Docker on a Windows host (#1573)
+- 🐛 `--only` can now select prerelease-pythons (#1564)
+- 📚 Docs & examples updates (#1582, #1593, #1598, #1615)
+
 ### v2.15.0
 
 _8 August 2023_
@@ -269,7 +299,7 @@ _22 October 2021_
 
 - 🛠 Added support for building PyPy wheels on macOS 11 CI runners. (#875)
 
-- 🛠 Setting an empty string for the [`CIBW_*_IMAGE`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#manylinux-image) option will now fallthrough to the config file or cibuildwheel's default, rather than causing an error. This makes the option easier to use in CI build matricies. (#829)
+- 🛠 Setting an empty string for the [`CIBW_*_IMAGE`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#manylinux-image) option will now fallthrough to the config file or cibuildwheel's default, rather than causing an error. This makes the option easier to use in CI build matrices. (#829)
 
 - 🛠 Support for TOML 1.0 when reading config files, via the `tomli` package. (#876)
 

docs/data/projects.yml

@@ -413,8 +413,9 @@
 
 - name: Tornado
   gh: tornadoweb/tornado
-  ci: [travisci]
-  os: [apple, linux]
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [linux, apple, windows]
+  notes: Tornado is a Python web framework and asynchronous networking library. Uses stable ABI for a small C extension.
 
 - name: pytorch-fairseq
   gh: pytorch/fairseq

docs/deliver-to-pypi.md

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ well as several useful actions. Alongside your existing job(s) that runs cibuild
     name: Make SDist
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0  # Optional, use if you use setuptools_scm
         submodules: true  # Optional, use if you have submodules

docs/faq.md

@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ There are two suggested methods for keeping cibuildwheel up to date that instead
 If you use GitHub Actions for builds, you can use cibuildwheel as an action:
 
 ```yaml
-uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.15.0
+uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.16.2
 ```
 
 This is a composite step that just runs cibuildwheel using pipx. You can set command-line options as `with:` parameters, and use `env:` as normal.
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ The second option, and the only one that supports other CI systems, is using a `
 
 ```bash
 # requirements-cibw.txt
-cibuildwheel==2.15.0
+cibuildwheel==2.16.2
 ```
 
 Then your install step would have `python -m pip install -r requirements-cibw.txt` in it. Your `.github/dependabot.yml` file could look like this:
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ Solutions to this vary, but the simplest is to use pipx:
 # most runners have pipx preinstalled, but in case you don't
 python3 -m pip install pipx
 
-pipx run cibuildwheel==2.15.0 --output-dir wheelhouse
+pipx run cibuildwheel==2.16.2 --output-dir wheelhouse
 pipx run twine upload wheelhouse/*.whl
 ```
 

docs/options.md

@@ -504,9 +504,19 @@ This option can also be set using the [command-line option](#command-line) `--pr
 ### `CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND` {: #build-frontend}
 > Set the tool to use to build, either "pip" (default for now) or "build"
 
-Choose which build backend to use. Can either be "pip", which will run
+Options:
+
+- `pip[;args: ...]`
+- `build[;args: ...]`
+
+Default: `pip`
+
+Choose which build frontend to use. Can either be "pip", which will run
 `python -m pip wheel`, or "build", which will run `python -m build --wheel`.
 
+You can specify extra arguments to pass to `pip wheel` or `build` using the
+optional `args` option.
+
 !!! tip
     Until v2.0.0, [pip] was the only way to build wheels, and is still the
     default. However, we expect that at some point in the future, cibuildwheel
@@ -526,6 +536,9 @@ Choose which build backend to use. Can either be "pip", which will run
 
     # Ensure pip is used even if the default changes in the future
     CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND: "pip"
+
+    # supply an extra argument to 'pip wheel'
+    CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND: "pip; args: --no-build-isolation"
     ```
 
 !!! tab examples "pyproject.toml"
@@ -537,6 +550,9 @@ Choose which build backend to use. Can either be "pip", which will run
 
     # Ensure pip is used even if the default changes in the future
     build-frontend = "pip"
+
+    # supply an extra argument to 'pip wheel'
+    build-frontend = { name = "pip", args = ["--no-build-isolation"] }
     ```
 
 ### `CIBW_CONFIG_SETTINGS` {: #config-settings}
@@ -664,6 +680,9 @@ A list of environment variables to pass into the linux container during the buil
 
 To specify more than one environment variable, separate the variable names by spaces.
 
+!!! note
+    cibuildwheel automatically passes the environment variable [`SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH`](https://reproducible-builds.org/docs/source-date-epoch/) if defined.
+
 #### Examples
 
 !!! tab examples "Environment passthrough"
@@ -898,9 +917,7 @@ Platform-specific environment variables are also available:<br/>
     CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND: >
       python scripts/repair_wheel.py -w {dest_dir} {wheel} &&
       python scripts/check_repaired_wheel.py -w {dest_dir} {wheel}
-    ```
 
-    ```yaml
     # Use abi3audit to catch issues with Limited API wheels
     CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND_LINUX: >
       auditwheel repair -w {dest_dir} {wheel} &&
@@ -934,9 +951,7 @@ Platform-specific environment variables are also available:<br/>
       'python scripts/repair_wheel.py -w {dest_dir} {wheel}',
       'python scripts/check_repaired_wheel.py -w {dest_dir} {wheel}',
     ]
-    ```
 
-    ```toml
     # Use abi3audit to catch issues with Limited API wheels
     [tool.cibuildwheel.linux]
     repair-wheel-command = [
@@ -1345,11 +1360,11 @@ Platform-specific environment variables are also available:<br/>
 > Install your wheel for testing using `extras_require`
 
 List of
-[extras_require](https://setuptools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/setuptools.html#declaring-extras-optional-features-with-their-own-dependencies)
+[extras_require](https://setuptools.pypa.io/en/latest/userguide/dependency_management.html#declaring-required-dependency)
 options that should be included when installing the wheel prior to running the
 tests. This can be used to avoid having to redefine test dependencies in
-`CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES` if they are already defined in `setup.py` or
-`setup.cfg`.
+`CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES` if they are already defined in `pyproject.toml`,
+`setup.cfg` or `setup.py`.
 
 Platform-specific environment variables are also available:<br/>
 `CIBW_TEST_EXTRAS_MACOS` | `CIBW_TEST_EXTRAS_WINDOWS` | `CIBW_TEST_EXTRAS_LINUX`
@@ -1407,7 +1422,23 @@ This option is not supported in the overrides section in `pyproject.toml`.
     test-skip = "*-macosx_arm64 *-macosx_universal2:arm64"
     ```
 
-## Other
+## Debugging
+
+### `CIBW_DEBUG_KEEP_CONTAINER`
+
+Enable this flag to keep the container around for inspection after a build. This
+option is provided for debugging purposes only.
+
+Default: Off (0).
+
+!!! caution
+    This option can only be set as environment variable on the host machine
+
+#### Examples
+
+```shell
+export CIBW_DEBUG_KEEP_CONTAINER=TRUE
+```
 
 ### `CIBW_BUILD_VERBOSITY` {: #build-verbosity}
 > Increase/decrease the output of pip wheel

docs/setup.md

@@ -181,10 +181,10 @@ To build Linux, Mac, and Windows wheels using GitHub Actions, create a `.github/
             os: [ubuntu-20.04, windows-2019, macos-11]
 
         steps:
-          - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+          - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
           - name: Build wheels
-            run: pipx run cibuildwheel==2.15.0
+            run: pipx run cibuildwheel==2.16.2
 
           - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
             with:
@@ -213,13 +213,13 @@ To build Linux, Mac, and Windows wheels using GitHub Actions, create a `.github/
             os: [ubuntu-20.04, windows-2019, macos-11]
 
         steps:
-          - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+          - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
           # Used to host cibuildwheel
           - uses: actions/setup-python@v3
 
           - name: Install cibuildwheel
-            run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.15.0
+            run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.16.2
 
           - name: Build wheels
             run: python -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse

docs/working-examples.md

@@ -11,18 +11,18 @@ title: Working examples
 | [scikit-learn][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The machine learning library. A complex but clean config using many of cibuildwheel's features to build a large project with Cython and C++ extensions.  |
 | [pytorch-fairseq][]               | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Facebook AI Research Sequence-to-Sequence Toolkit written in Python. |
 | [NumPy][]                         | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The fundamental package for scientific computing with Python. |
-| [Tornado][]                       | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Tornado is a Python web framework and asynchronous networking library, originally developed at FriendFeed. |
+| [Tornado][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] ![apple icon][] ![windows icon][] | Tornado is a Python web framework and asynchronous networking library. Uses stable ABI for a small C extension. |
 | [Matplotlib][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The venerable Matplotlib, a Python library with C++ portions |
 | [NCNN][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | ncnn is a high-performance neural network inference framework optimized for the mobile platform |
 | [Prophet][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Tool for producing high quality forecasts for time series data that has multiple seasonality with linear or non-linear growth. |
-| [Kivy][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Open source UI framework written in Python, running on Windows, Linux, macOS, Android and iOS |
 | [MyPy][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | The compiled version of MyPy using MyPyC. |
+| [Kivy][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Open source UI framework written in Python, running on Windows, Linux, macOS, Android and iOS |
 | [duckdb][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | DuckDB is an in-process SQL OLAP Database Management System |
-| [MemRay][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] | Memray is a memory profiler for Python |
+| [MemRay][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] | The endgame Python memory profiler |
 | [uvloop][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Ultra fast asyncio event loop. |
 | [psutil][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Cross-platform lib for process and system monitoring in Python |
-| [vaex][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Out-of-Core hybrid Apache Arrow/NumPy DataFrame for Python, ML, visualization and exploration of big tabular data at a billion rows per second 🚀 |
 | [Triton][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] | Self hosted runners |
+| [vaex][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Out-of-Core hybrid Apache Arrow/NumPy DataFrame for Python, ML, visualization and exploration of big tabular data at a billion rows per second 🚀 |
 | [Google Benchmark][]              | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | A microbenchmark support library |
 | [Apache Beam][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Apache Beam is a unified programming model for Batch and Streaming data processing. |
 | [PyGame][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | 🐍🎮 pygame (the library) is a Free and Open Source python programming language library for making multimedia applications like games built on top of the excellent SDL library. C, Python, Native, OpenGL. |
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ title: Working examples
 | [scikit-image][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Image processing library. Uses cibuildwheel to build and test a project that uses Cython with platform-native code.  |
 | [twisted-iocpsupport][]           | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] | A submodule of Twisted that hooks into native C APIs using Cython. |
 | [PyOxidizer][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | A modern Python application packaging and distribution tool |
-| [websockets][]                    | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Library for building WebSocket servers and clients. Mostly written in Python, with a small C 'speedups' extension module.  |
 | [cvxpy][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | A Python-embedded modeling language for convex optimization problems. |
+| [websockets][]                    | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Library for building WebSocket servers and clients. Mostly written in Python, with a small C 'speedups' extension module.  |
 | [River][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | 🌊 Online machine learning in Python |
 | [UltraJSON][]                     | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Ultra fast JSON decoder and encoder written in C with Python bindings |
 | [OpenSpiel][]                     | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | OpenSpiel is a collection of environments and algorithms for research in general reinforcement learning and search/planning in games. |
@@ -40,39 +40,39 @@ title: Working examples
 | [pyzmq][]                         | ![github icon][] ![circleci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python bindings for zeromq, the networking library. Uses Cython on CPython and CFFI on PyPy. ARM wheels for linux are built natively on CircleCI.  |
 | [Confluent client for Kafka][]    | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | setup in `tools/wheels/build-wheels.bat` |
 | [Implicit][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Includes GPU support for linux wheels |
-| [vispy][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Main repository for Vispy |
 | [Dependency Injector][]           | ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Dependency injection framework for Python, uses Windows TravisCI |
+| [vispy][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Main repository for Vispy |
 | [tinyobjloader][]                 | ![azurepipelines icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Tiny but powerful single file wavefront obj loader |
 | [coverage.py][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The coverage tool for Python |
 | [PyCryptodome][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | A self-contained cryptographic library for Python |
 | [PyYAML][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] | Canonical source repository for PyYAML |
-| [numexpr][]                       | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Fast numerical array expression evaluator for Python, NumPy, PyTables, pandas, bcolz and more |
 | [Line Profiler][]                 | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Line-by-line profiling for Python |
+| [numexpr][]                       | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Fast numerical array expression evaluator for Python, NumPy, PyTables, pandas, bcolz and more |
 | [PyAV][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Pythonic bindings for FFmpeg's libraries. |
 | [h5py][]                          | ![azurepipelines icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | HDF5 for Python -- The h5py package is a Pythonic interface to the HDF5 binary data format. |
+| [CTranslate2][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Includes libraries from the [Intel oneAPI toolkit](https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/developer/tools/oneapi/base-toolkit.html) and CUDA kernels compiled for multiple GPU architectures. |
 | [Wrapt][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A Python module for decorators, wrappers and monkey patching. |
 | [pikepdf][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A Python library for reading and writing PDF, powered by QPDF |
-| [envd][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | 🏕️ Reproducible development environment for AI/ML (LLMOps) |
-| [SimpleJSON][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | simplejson is a simple, fast, extensible JSON encoder/decoder for Python  |
+| [envd][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | 🏕️ Reproducible development environment |
 | [OpenColorIO][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | A color management framework for visual effects and animation. |
-| [CTranslate2][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Includes libraries from the [Intel oneAPI toolkit](https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/developer/tools/oneapi/base-toolkit.html) and CUDA kernels compiled for multiple GPU architectures. |
+| [SimpleJSON][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | simplejson is a simple, fast, extensible JSON encoder/decoder for Python  |
 | [aioquic][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | QUIC and HTTP/3 implementation in Python |
 | [ruptures][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Extensive Cython + NumPy [pyproject.toml](https://github.com/deepcharles/ruptures/blob/master/pyproject.toml) example. |
 | [OpenTimelineIO][]                | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Open Source API and interchange format for editorial timeline information. |
 | [PyTables][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A Python package to manage extremely large amounts of data |
 | [Psycopg 3][]                     | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A modern implementation of a PostgreSQL adapter for Python |
 | [Parselmouth][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A Python interface to the Praat software package, using pybind11, C++17 and CMake, with the core Praat static library built only once and shared between wheels. |
-| [google neuroglancer][]           | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | WebGL-based viewer for volumetric data |
 | [DeepForest][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | An Efficient, Scalable and Optimized Python Framework for Deep Forest (2021.2.1) |
+| [google neuroglancer][]           | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | WebGL-based viewer for volumetric data |
 | [AutoPy][]                        | ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Includes a Windows Travis build. |
 | [H3-py][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Python bindings for H3, a hierarchical hexagonal geospatial indexing system |
-| [Rtree][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Rtree: spatial index for Python GIS ¶ |
 | [mosec][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] ![apple icon][] | A high-performance ML model serving framework, offers dynamic batching and CPU/GPU pipelines to fully exploit your compute machine |
-| [markupsafe][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Safely add untrusted strings to HTML/XML markup. |
+| [Rtree][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Rtree: spatial index for Python GIS ¶ |
 | [Picologging][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A high-performance logging library for Python. |
+| [markupsafe][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Safely add untrusted strings to HTML/XML markup. |
 | [pybind11 cmake_example][]        | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Example pybind11 module built with a CMake-based build system |
-| [KDEpy][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Kernel Density Estimation in Python |
 | [time-machine][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Time mocking library using only the CPython C API. |
+| [KDEpy][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Kernel Density Estimation in Python |
 | [python-rapidjson][]              | ![travisci icon][] ![gitlab icon][] ![appveyor icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python wrapper around rapidjson |
 | [python-snappy][]                 | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Python bindings for the snappy google library |
 | [tgcalls][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![windows icon][] | Python `pybind11` binding to Telegram's WebRTC library with third party dependencies like `OpenSSL`, `MozJPEG`, `FFmpeg`, etc. |
@@ -88,8 +88,8 @@ title: Working examples
 | [PyGLM][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Fast OpenGL Mathematics (GLM) for Python |
 | [TgCrypto][]                      | ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Includes a Windows Travis build. |
 | [bx-python][]                     | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A library that includes Cython extensions. |
-| [boost-histogram][]               | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Supports full range of wheels, including PyPy and alternate archs. |
 | [iDynTree][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] | Uses manylinux_2_24 |
+| [boost-histogram][]               | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Supports full range of wheels, including PyPy and alternate archs. |
 | [pillow-heif][]                   | ![github icon][] ![cirrusci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Bindings to libheif library with third party dependencies. Fully automated CI for tests and publishing including Apple Silicon builds. |
 | [Python-WebRTC][]                 | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | a Python extension that provides bindings to WebRTC M92 |
 | [pybase64][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Fast Base64 encoding/decoding in Python |
@@ -98,16 +98,16 @@ title: Working examples
 | [power-grid-model][]              | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python/C++ library for distribution power system analysis |
 | [Imagecodecs (fork)][]            | ![azurepipelines icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Over 20 external dependencies in compiled libraries, custom docker image, `libomp`, `openblas` and `install_name_tool` for macOS. |
 | [polaroid][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Full range of wheels for setuptools rust, with auto release and PyPI deploy. |
-| [etebase-py][]                    | ![travisci icon][] | ![linux icon][] | Python bindings to a Rust library using `setuptools-rust`, and `sccache` for improved speed. |
 | [pybind11 scikit_build_example][] | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | An example combining scikit-build and pybind11 |
-| [clang-format][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Scikit-build wrapper around LLVM's CMake, all platforms, generic wheels. |
+| [etebase-py][]                    | ![travisci icon][] | ![linux icon][] | Python bindings to a Rust library using `setuptools-rust`, and `sccache` for improved speed. |
 | [cf-units][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Units of measure as required by the Climate and Forecast (CF) Metadata Conventions |
+| [clang-format][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Scikit-build wrapper around LLVM's CMake, all platforms, generic wheels. |
 | [ninja][]                         | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Multitagged binary builds for all supported platforms, using cibw 2 config configuration. |
 | [numpythia][]                     | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The interface between PYTHIA and NumPy |
 | [pyjet][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The interface between FastJet and NumPy |
-| [GSD][]                           | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Cython and NumPy project with 64-bit wheels. |
 | [ril][]                           | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A python binding to Rust Imaging library using maturin and Pyo3, utilizes Github Action cache to improve speed. Builds abi3 wheels. |
 | [SiPM][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | High performance library for SiPM detectors simulation using C++17, OpenMP and AVX2 intrinsics. |
+| [GSD][]                           | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Cython and NumPy project with 64-bit wheels. |
 | [CorrectionLib][]                 | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Structured JSON powered correction library for HEP, designed for the CMS experiment at CERN. |
 | [pyinstrument_cext][]             | ![travisci icon][] ![appveyor icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A simple C extension, without external dependencies |
 | [xmlstarlet][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python 3.6+ CFFI bindings with true MSVC build. |
@@ -121,14 +121,14 @@ title: Working examples
 [Matplotlib]: https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib
 [NCNN]: https://github.com/Tencent/ncnn
 [Prophet]: https://github.com/facebook/prophet
-[Kivy]: https://github.com/kivy/kivy
 [MyPy]: https://github.com/mypyc/mypy_mypyc-wheels
+[Kivy]: https://github.com/kivy/kivy
 [duckdb]: https://github.com/duckdb/duckdb
 [MemRay]: https://github.com/bloomberg/memray
 [uvloop]: https://github.com/MagicStack/uvloop
 [psutil]: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil
-[vaex]: https://github.com/vaexio/vaex
 [Triton]: https://github.com/openai/triton
+[vaex]: https://github.com/vaexio/vaex
 [Google Benchmark]: https://github.com/google/benchmark
 [Apache Beam]: https://github.com/apache/beam
 [PyGame]: https://github.com/pygame/pygame
@@ -137,8 +137,8 @@ title: Working examples
 [scikit-image]: https://github.com/scikit-image/scikit-image
 [twisted-iocpsupport]: https://github.com/twisted/twisted-iocpsupport
 [PyOxidizer]: https://github.com/indygreg/PyOxidizer
-[websockets]: https://github.com/aaugustin/websockets
 [cvxpy]: https://github.com/cvxpy/cvxpy
+[websockets]: https://github.com/aaugustin/websockets
 [River]: https://github.com/online-ml/river
 [UltraJSON]: https://github.com/ultrajson/ultrajson
 [OpenSpiel]: https://github.com/deepmind/open_spiel
@@ -146,39 +146,39 @@ title: Working examples
 [pyzmq]: https://github.com/zeromq/pyzmq
 [Confluent client for Kafka]: https://github.com/confluentinc/confluent-kafka-python
 [Implicit]: https://github.com/benfred/implicit
-[vispy]: https://github.com/vispy/vispy
 [Dependency Injector]: https://github.com/ets-labs/python-dependency-injector
+[vispy]: https://github.com/vispy/vispy
 [tinyobjloader]: https://github.com/tinyobjloader/tinyobjloader
 [coverage.py]: https://github.com/nedbat/coveragepy
 [PyCryptodome]: https://github.com/Legrandin/pycryptodome
 [PyYAML]: https://github.com/yaml/pyyaml
-[numexpr]: https://github.com/pydata/numexpr
 [Line Profiler]: https://github.com/pyutils/line_profiler
+[numexpr]: https://github.com/pydata/numexpr
 [PyAV]: https://github.com/PyAV-Org/PyAV
 [h5py]: https://github.com/h5py/h5py
+[CTranslate2]: https://github.com/OpenNMT/CTranslate2
 [Wrapt]: https://github.com/GrahamDumpleton/wrapt
 [pikepdf]: https://github.com/pikepdf/pikepdf
 [envd]: https://github.com/tensorchord/envd
-[SimpleJSON]: https://github.com/simplejson/simplejson
 [OpenColorIO]: https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/OpenColorIO
-[CTranslate2]: https://github.com/OpenNMT/CTranslate2
+[SimpleJSON]: https://github.com/simplejson/simplejson
 [aioquic]: https://github.com/aiortc/aioquic
 [ruptures]: https://github.com/deepcharles/ruptures
 [OpenTimelineIO]: https://github.com/PixarAnimationStudios/OpenTimelineIO
 [PyTables]: https://github.com/PyTables/PyTables
 [Psycopg 3]: https://github.com/psycopg/psycopg
 [Parselmouth]: https://github.com/YannickJadoul/Parselmouth
-[google neuroglancer]: https://github.com/google/neuroglancer
 [DeepForest]: https://github.com/LAMDA-NJU/Deep-Forest
+[google neuroglancer]: https://github.com/google/neuroglancer
 [AutoPy]: https://github.com/autopilot-rs/autopy
 [H3-py]: https://github.com/uber/h3-py
-[Rtree]: https://github.com/Toblerity/rtree
 [mosec]: https://github.com/mosecorg/mosec
-[markupsafe]: https://github.com/pallets/markupsafe
+[Rtree]: https://github.com/Toblerity/rtree
 [Picologging]: https://github.com/microsoft/picologging
+[markupsafe]: https://github.com/pallets/markupsafe
 [pybind11 cmake_example]: https://github.com/pybind/cmake_example
-[KDEpy]: https://github.com/tommyod/KDEpy
 [time-machine]: https://github.com/adamchainz/time-machine
+[KDEpy]: https://github.com/tommyod/KDEpy
 [python-rapidjson]: https://github.com/python-rapidjson/python-rapidjson
 [python-snappy]: https://github.com/andrix/python-snappy
 [tgcalls]: https://github.com/MarshalX/tgcalls
@@ -194,8 +194,8 @@ title: Working examples
 [PyGLM]: https://github.com/Zuzu-Typ/PyGLM
 [TgCrypto]: https://github.com/pyrogram/tgcrypto
 [bx-python]: https://github.com/bxlab/bx-python
-[boost-histogram]: https://github.com/scikit-hep/boost-histogram
 [iDynTree]: https://github.com/robotology/idyntree
+[boost-histogram]: https://github.com/scikit-hep/boost-histogram
 [pillow-heif]: https://github.com/bigcat88/pillow_heif
 [Python-WebRTC]: https://github.com/MarshalX/python-webrtc
 [pybase64]: https://github.com/mayeut/pybase64
@@ -204,16 +204,16 @@ title: Working examples
 [power-grid-model]: https://github.com/alliander-opensource/power-grid-model
 [Imagecodecs (fork)]: https://github.com/czaki/imagecodecs_build
 [polaroid]: https://github.com/daggy1234/polaroid
-[etebase-py]: https://github.com/etesync/etebase-py
 [pybind11 scikit_build_example]: https://github.com/pybind/scikit_build_example
-[clang-format]: https://github.com/ssciwr/clang-format-wheel
+[etebase-py]: https://github.com/etesync/etebase-py
 [cf-units]: https://github.com/SciTools/cf-units
+[clang-format]: https://github.com/ssciwr/clang-format-wheel
 [ninja]: https://github.com/scikit-build/ninja-python-distributions
 [numpythia]: https://github.com/scikit-hep/numpythia
 [pyjet]: https://github.com/scikit-hep/pyjet
-[GSD]: https://github.com/glotzerlab/gsd
 [ril]: https://github.com/Cryptex-github/ril-py
 [SiPM]: https://github.com/EdoPro98/SimSiPM
+[GSD]: https://github.com/glotzerlab/gsd
 [CorrectionLib]: https://github.com/cms-nanoAOD/correctionlib
 [pyinstrument_cext]: https://github.com/joerick/pyinstrument_cext
 [xmlstarlet]: https://github.com/dimitern/xmlstarlet

examples/appveyor-minimal.yml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ stack: python 3.7
 init:
 - cmd: set PATH=C:\Python37;C:\Python37\Scripts;%PATH%
 
-install: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.15.0
+install: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.16.2
 
 build_script: python -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
 

examples/azure-pipelines-minimal.yml

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ jobs:
     - bash: |
         set -o errexit
         python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        pip3 install cibuildwheel==2.15.0
+        pip3 install cibuildwheel==2.16.2
       displayName: Install dependencies
     - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
       displayName: Build wheels
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
     - bash: |
         set -o errexit
         python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.15.0
+        python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.16.2
       displayName: Install dependencies
     - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
       displayName: Build wheels
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ jobs:
     - bash: |
         set -o errexit
         python -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        pip install cibuildwheel==2.15.0
+        pip install cibuildwheel==2.16.2
       displayName: Install dependencies
     - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
       displayName: Build wheels

examples/circleci-minimal.yml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ jobs:
       - run:
           name: Build the Linux wheels.
           command: |
-            pip3 install --user cibuildwheel==2.15.0
+            pip3 install --user cibuildwheel==2.16.2
             cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       - store_artifacts:
           path: wheelhouse/
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ jobs:
       - run:
           name: Build the Linux aarch64 wheels.
           command: |
-            python3 -m pip install --user cibuildwheel==2.15.0
+            python3 -m pip install --user cibuildwheel==2.16.2
             python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       - store_artifacts:
           path: wheelhouse/
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ jobs:
       - run:
           name: Build the OS X wheels.
           command: |
-            pip3 install cibuildwheel==2.15.0
+            pip3 install cibuildwheel==2.16.2
             cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       - store_artifacts:
           path: wheelhouse/

examples/cirrus-ci-intel-mac.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 build_and_store_wheels: &BUILD_AND_STORE_WHEELS
   install_cibuildwheel_script:
-    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.15.0
+    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.16.2
   run_cibuildwheel_script:
     - cibuildwheel
   wheels_artifacts:

examples/cirrus-ci-minimal.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 build_and_store_wheels: &BUILD_AND_STORE_WHEELS
   install_cibuildwheel_script:
-    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.15.0
+    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.16.2
   run_cibuildwheel_script:
     - cibuildwheel
   wheels_artifacts:

examples/github-apple-silicon.yml

@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ jobs:
     name: Build wheels on macos-11
     runs-on: macos-11
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.15.0
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.16.2
         env:
           CIBW_ARCHS_MACOS: x86_64 arm64
 

examples/github-deploy.yml

@@ -19,10 +19,10 @@ jobs:
         os: [ubuntu-22.04, windows-2022, macos-11]
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.15.0
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.16.2
 
       - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
         with:
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ jobs:
     name: Build source distribution
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Build sdist
         run: pipx run build --sdist
@@ -60,4 +60,4 @@ jobs:
 
       - uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@release/v1
         with:
-          # To test: repository_url: https://test.pypi.org/legacy/
+          # To test: repository-url: https://test.pypi.org/legacy/

examples/github-minimal.yml

@@ -11,10 +11,10 @@ jobs:
         os: [ubuntu-20.04, windows-2019, macos-11]
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.15.0
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.16.2
         # env:
         #   CIBW_SOME_OPTION: value
         #    ...

examples/github-with-qemu.yml

@@ -11,16 +11,16 @@ jobs:
         os: [ubuntu-20.04, windows-2019, macos-11]
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Set up QEMU
         if: runner.os == 'Linux'
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v2
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
         with:
           platforms: all
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.15.0
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.16.2
         env:
           # configure cibuildwheel to build native archs ('auto'), and some
           # emulated ones

examples/gitlab-minimal.yml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ linux:
     DOCKER_TLS_CERTDIR: ""
   script:
     - curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh
-    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.15.0
+    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.16.2
     - cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
   artifacts:
     paths:
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ windows:
   before_script:
     - choco install python -y --version 3.8.6
     - choco install git.install -y
-    - py -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.15.0
+    - py -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.16.2
   script:
     - py -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse --platform windows
   artifacts:

examples/gitlab-with-qemu.yml

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ linux:
     - curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh
     # Warning: This is extremely slow, be careful with how many wheels you build
     - docker run --rm --privileged multiarch/qemu-user-static --reset -p yes
-    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.15.0
+    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.16.2
     # Assuming your CI runner's default architecture is x86_64...
     - cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse --platform linux --archs aarch64
   artifacts:

examples/travis-ci-deploy.yml

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
         - ln -s /c/Python38/python.exe /c/Python38/python3.exe
 
 install:
-  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.15.0
+  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.16.2
 
 script:
   # build the wheels, put them into './dist'

examples/travis-ci-minimal.yml

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ jobs:
         - ln -s /c/Python38/python.exe /c/Python38/python3.exe
 
 install:
-  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.15.0
+  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.16.2
 
 script:
   # build the wheels, put them into './wheelhouse'

examples/travis-ci-test-and-deploy.yml

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ jobs:
     - stage: deploy
       name: Build and deploy Linux wheels
       services: docker
-      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.15.0 twine
+      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.16.2 twine
       script: python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       after_success: python3 -m twine upload --skip-existing wheelhouse/*.whl
     # Deploy on windows
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
       name: Build and deploy Windows wheels
       os: windows
       language: shell
-      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.15.0 twine
+      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.16.2 twine
       script: python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       after_success: python3 -m twine upload --skip-existing wheelhouse/*.whl
 

noxfile.py

@@ -113,6 +113,14 @@ def update_proj(session: nox.Session) -> None:
     )
 
 
+@nox.session(reuse_venv=True)
+def generate_schema(session: nox.Session) -> None:
+    session.install("pyyaml")
+    output = session.run("python", "bin/generate_schema.py", silent=True)
+    assert isinstance(output, str)
+    DIR.joinpath("cibuildwheel/resources/cibuildwheel.schema.json").write_text(output)
+
+
 @nox.session(python="3.9")
 def docs(session: nox.Session) -> None:
     """

pyproject.toml

@@ -161,3 +161,4 @@ flake8-unused-arguments.ignore-variadic-names = true
 
 [tool.ruff.per-file-ignores]
 "unit_test/*" = ["PLC1901"]
+"cibuildwheel/_compat/**.py" = ["TID251"]

setup.cfg

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [metadata]
 name = cibuildwheel
-version = 2.15.0
+version = 2.16.2
 description = Build Python wheels on CI with minimal configuration.
 long_description = file: README.md
 long_description_content_type = text/markdown
@@ -49,6 +49,8 @@ include =
 [options.entry_points]
 console_scripts =
     cibuildwheel = cibuildwheel.__main__:main
+validate_pyproject.tool_schema =
+    cibuildwheel = cibuildwheel.schema:get_schema
 
 [options.package_data]
 cibuildwheel = resources/*

setup.py

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ extras = {
         "pytest-xdist",
         "build",
         "tomli_w",
+        "validate-pyproject",
     ],
     "bin": [
         "click",

test/conftest.py

@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ def build_frontend_env(request) -> dict[str, str]:
 @pytest.fixture()
 def docker_cleanup() -> Generator[None, None, None]:
     def get_images() -> set[str]:
+        if detect_ci_provider() is None or platform != "linux":
+            return set()
         images = subprocess.run(
             ["docker", "image", "ls", "--format", "{{json .ID}}"],
             text=True,
@@ -42,12 +44,6 @@ def docker_cleanup() -> Generator[None, None, None]:
         ).stdout
         return {json.loads(image.strip()) for image in images.splitlines() if image.strip()}
 
-    if detect_ci_provider() is None or platform != "linux":
-        try:
-            yield
-        finally:
-            pass
-        return
     images_before = get_images()
     try:
         yield

test/test_build_frontend_args.py

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import subprocess
+
+import pytest
+
+from . import utils
+from .test_projects.c import new_c_project
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("frontend_name", ["pip", "build"])
+def test_build_frontend_args(tmp_path, capfd, frontend_name):
+    project = new_c_project()
+    project_dir = tmp_path / "project"
+    project.generate(project_dir)
+
+    # the build will fail because the frontend is called with '-h' - it prints the help message
+    with pytest.raises(subprocess.CalledProcessError):
+        utils.cibuildwheel_run(
+            project_dir,
+            add_env={
+                "CIBW_BUILD": "cp311-*",
+                "CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND": f"{frontend_name}; args: -h",
+            },
+        )
+
+    captured = capfd.readouterr()
+    print(captured.out)
+
+    # check that the help message was printed
+    if frontend_name == "pip":
+        assert "Usage:" in captured.out
+        assert "Wheel Options:" in captured.out
+    else:
+        assert "usage:" in captured.out
+        assert "A simple, correct Python build frontend." in captured.out

unit_test/main_tests/main_options_test.py

@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ def test_defaults(platform, intercepted_build_args):
     if isinstance(repair_wheel_default, list):
         repair_wheel_default = " && ".join(repair_wheel_default)
     assert build_options.repair_command == repair_wheel_default
-    assert build_options.build_frontend == defaults["build-frontend"]
+    assert build_options.build_frontend is None
 
     if platform == "linux":
         assert build_options.manylinux_images

unit_test/main_tests/main_platform_test.py

@@ -214,6 +214,7 @@ def test_only_argument(intercepted_build_args, monkeypatch, only, plat):
     assert options.globals.build_selector.skip_config == ""
     assert options.platform == plat
     assert options.globals.architectures == Architecture.all_archs(plat)
+    assert options.globals.build_selector.prerelease_pythons is True
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("only", ("cp311-manylxinux_x86_64", "some_linux_thing"))

unit_test/oci_container_test.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import json
 import os
 import platform
 import random
@@ -13,33 +14,49 @@ import tomli_w
 
 from cibuildwheel.environment import EnvironmentAssignmentBash
 from cibuildwheel.oci_container import OCIContainer, OCIContainerEngineConfig
+from cibuildwheel.util import detect_ci_provider
 
 # Test utilities
 
 # for these tests we use manylinux2014 images, because they're available on
 # multi architectures and include python3.8
+DEFAULT_IMAGE_TEMPLATE = "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_{machine}:2023-09-04-0828984"
 pm = platform.machine()
-if pm == "x86_64":
-    DEFAULT_IMAGE = "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2020-05-17-2f8ac3b"
+if pm in {"x86_64", "ppc64le", "s390x"}:
+    DEFAULT_IMAGE = DEFAULT_IMAGE_TEMPLATE.format(machine=pm)
 elif pm in {"aarch64", "arm64"}:
-    DEFAULT_IMAGE = "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2020-05-17-2f8ac3b"
-elif pm == "ppc64le":
-    DEFAULT_IMAGE = "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_ppc64le:2020-05-17-2f8ac3b"
-elif pm == "s390x":
-    DEFAULT_IMAGE = "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_s390x:2020-05-17-2f8ac3b"
+    DEFAULT_IMAGE = DEFAULT_IMAGE_TEMPLATE.format(machine="aarch64")
 else:
     DEFAULT_IMAGE = ""
 
 PODMAN = OCIContainerEngineConfig(name="podman")
 
 
-@pytest.fixture(params=["docker", "podman"])
+@pytest.fixture(params=["docker", "podman"], scope="module")
 def container_engine(request):
     if request.param == "docker" and not request.config.getoption("--run-docker"):
         pytest.skip("need --run-docker option to run")
     if request.param == "podman" and not request.config.getoption("--run-podman"):
         pytest.skip("need --run-podman option to run")
-    return OCIContainerEngineConfig(name=request.param)
+
+    def get_images() -> set[str]:
+        if detect_ci_provider() is None:
+            return set()
+        images = subprocess.run(
+            [request.param, "image", "ls", "--format", "{{json .ID}}"],
+            text=True,
+            check=True,
+            stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+        ).stdout
+        return {json.loads(image.strip()) for image in images.splitlines() if image.strip()}
+
+    images_before = get_images()
+    try:
+        yield OCIContainerEngineConfig(name=request.param)
+    finally:
+        images_after = get_images()
+        for image in images_after - images_before:
+            subprocess.run([request.param, "rmi", image], check=False)
 
 
 # Tests
@@ -72,6 +89,17 @@ def test_environment(container_engine):
         )
 
 
+def test_environment_pass(container_engine, monkeypatch):
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CIBUILDWHEEL", "1")
+    monkeypatch.setenv("SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH", "1489957071")
+    with OCIContainer(engine=container_engine, image=DEFAULT_IMAGE) as container:
+        assert container.call(["sh", "-c", "echo $CIBUILDWHEEL"], capture_output=True) == "1\n"
+        assert (
+            container.call(["sh", "-c", "echo $SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH"], capture_output=True)
+            == "1489957071\n"
+        )
+
+
 def test_cwd(container_engine):
     with OCIContainer(
         engine=container_engine, image=DEFAULT_IMAGE, cwd="/cibuildwheel/working_directory"
@@ -221,10 +249,9 @@ def test_environment_executor(container_engine):
         assert assignment.evaluated_value({}, container.environment_executor) == "42"
 
 
-def test_podman_vfs(tmp_path: Path, monkeypatch, request):
-    # Tests podman VFS, for the podman in docker use-case
-    if not request.config.getoption("--run-podman"):
-        pytest.skip("need --run-podman option to run")
+def test_podman_vfs(tmp_path: Path, monkeypatch, container_engine):
+    if container_engine.name != "podman":
+        pytest.skip("only runs with podman")
 
     # create the VFS configuration
     vfs_path = tmp_path / "podman_vfs"
@@ -300,9 +327,9 @@ def test_podman_vfs(tmp_path: Path, monkeypatch, request):
     subprocess.run(["podman", "unshare", "rm", "-rf", vfs_path], check=True)
 
 
-def test_create_args_volume(tmp_path: Path, request):
-    if not request.config.getoption("--run-docker"):
-        pytest.skip("need --run-docker option to run")
+def test_create_args_volume(tmp_path: Path, container_engine):
+    if container_engine.name != "docker":
+        pytest.skip("only runs with docker")
 
     if "CIRCLECI" in os.environ or "GITLAB_CI" in os.environ:
         pytest.skip(
@@ -367,3 +394,24 @@ def test_parse_engine_config(config, name, create_args):
     engine_config = OCIContainerEngineConfig.from_config_string(config)
     assert engine_config.name == name
     assert engine_config.create_args == create_args
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(pm != "x86_64", reason="Only runs on x86_64")
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("image", "shell_args"),
+    [
+        (DEFAULT_IMAGE_TEMPLATE.format(machine="i686"), ["/bin/bash"]),
+        (DEFAULT_IMAGE_TEMPLATE.format(machine="x86_64"), ["linux32", "/bin/bash"]),
+    ],
+)
+def test_enforce_32_bit(container_engine, image, shell_args):
+    with OCIContainer(engine=container_engine, image=image, enforce_32_bit=True) as container:
+        assert container.call(["uname", "-m"], capture_output=True).strip() == "i686"
+        container_args = subprocess.run(
+            f"{container.engine.name} inspect -f '{{{{json .Args }}}}' {container.name}",
+            shell=True,
+            check=True,
+            stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+            text=True,
+        ).stdout
+        assert json.loads(container_args) == shell_args

unit_test/option_prepare_test.py

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ def test_build_default_launches(monkeypatch):
     kwargs = build_in_container.call_args_list[0][1]
     assert "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64" in kwargs["container"]["image"]
     assert kwargs["container"]["cwd"] == PurePosixPath("/project")
-    assert not kwargs["container"]["simulate_32_bit"]
+    assert not kwargs["container"]["enforce_32_bit"]
 
     identifiers = {x.identifier for x in kwargs["platform_configs"]}
     assert identifiers == {f"{x}-manylinux_x86_64" for x in ALL_IDS}
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ def test_build_default_launches(monkeypatch):
     kwargs = build_in_container.call_args_list[1][1]
     assert "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686" in kwargs["container"]["image"]
     assert kwargs["container"]["cwd"] == PurePosixPath("/project")
-    assert kwargs["container"]["simulate_32_bit"]
+    assert kwargs["container"]["enforce_32_bit"]
 
     identifiers = {x.identifier for x in kwargs["platform_configs"]}
     assert identifiers == {f"{x}-manylinux_i686" for x in ALL_IDS}
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ def test_build_default_launches(monkeypatch):
     kwargs = build_in_container.call_args_list[2][1]
     assert "quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_x86_64" in kwargs["container"]["image"]
     assert kwargs["container"]["cwd"] == PurePosixPath("/project")
-    assert not kwargs["container"]["simulate_32_bit"]
+    assert not kwargs["container"]["enforce_32_bit"]
 
     identifiers = {x.identifier for x in kwargs["platform_configs"]}
     assert identifiers == {
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ def test_build_default_launches(monkeypatch):
     kwargs = build_in_container.call_args_list[3][1]
     assert "quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_i686" in kwargs["container"]["image"]
     assert kwargs["container"]["cwd"] == PurePosixPath("/project")
-    assert kwargs["container"]["simulate_32_bit"]
+    assert kwargs["container"]["enforce_32_bit"]
 
     identifiers = {x.identifier for x in kwargs["platform_configs"]}
     assert identifiers == {f"{x}-musllinux_i686" for x in ALL_IDS if "pp" not in x}
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ before-all = "true"
     kwargs = build_in_container.call_args_list[0][1]
     assert "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64" in kwargs["container"]["image"]
     assert kwargs["container"]["cwd"] == PurePosixPath("/project")
-    assert not kwargs["container"]["simulate_32_bit"]
+    assert not kwargs["container"]["enforce_32_bit"]
 
     identifiers = {x.identifier for x in kwargs["platform_configs"]}
     assert identifiers == {"cp36-manylinux_x86_64"}
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ before-all = "true"
     kwargs = build_in_container.call_args_list[1][1]
     assert "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64" in kwargs["container"]["image"]
     assert kwargs["container"]["cwd"] == PurePosixPath("/project")
-    assert not kwargs["container"]["simulate_32_bit"]
+    assert not kwargs["container"]["enforce_32_bit"]
 
     identifiers = {x.identifier for x in kwargs["platform_configs"]}
     assert identifiers == {
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ before-all = "true"
     kwargs = build_in_container.call_args_list[2][1]
     assert "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64" in kwargs["container"]["image"]
     assert kwargs["container"]["cwd"] == PurePosixPath("/project")
-    assert not kwargs["container"]["simulate_32_bit"]
+    assert not kwargs["container"]["enforce_32_bit"]
     identifiers = {x.identifier for x in kwargs["platform_configs"]}
     assert identifiers == {
         f"{x}-manylinux_x86_64"
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ before-all = "true"
     kwargs = build_in_container.call_args_list[3][1]
     assert "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686" in kwargs["container"]["image"]
     assert kwargs["container"]["cwd"] == PurePosixPath("/project")
-    assert kwargs["container"]["simulate_32_bit"]
+    assert kwargs["container"]["enforce_32_bit"]
 
     identifiers = {x.identifier for x in kwargs["platform_configs"]}
     assert identifiers == {f"{x}-manylinux_i686" for x in ALL_IDS}
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ before-all = "true"
     kwargs = build_in_container.call_args_list[4][1]
     assert "quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_x86_64" in kwargs["container"]["image"]
     assert kwargs["container"]["cwd"] == PurePosixPath("/project")
-    assert not kwargs["container"]["simulate_32_bit"]
+    assert not kwargs["container"]["enforce_32_bit"]
 
     identifiers = {x.identifier for x in kwargs["platform_configs"]}
     assert identifiers == {
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ before-all = "true"
     kwargs = build_in_container.call_args_list[5][1]
     assert "quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_x86_64" in kwargs["container"]["image"]
     assert kwargs["container"]["cwd"] == PurePosixPath("/project")
-    assert not kwargs["container"]["simulate_32_bit"]
+    assert not kwargs["container"]["enforce_32_bit"]
     identifiers = {x.identifier for x in kwargs["platform_configs"]}
     assert identifiers == {
         f"{x}-musllinux_x86_64" for x in ALL_IDS - {"cp36", "cp37", "cp38", "cp39"} if "pp" not in x
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ before-all = "true"
     kwargs = build_in_container.call_args_list[6][1]
     assert "quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_i686" in kwargs["container"]["image"]
     assert kwargs["container"]["cwd"] == PurePosixPath("/project")
-    assert kwargs["container"]["simulate_32_bit"]
+    assert kwargs["container"]["enforce_32_bit"]
 
     identifiers = {x.identifier for x in kwargs["platform_configs"]}
     assert identifiers == {f"{x}-musllinux_i686" for x in ALL_IDS if "pp" not in x}

unit_test/options_test.py

@@ -253,3 +253,76 @@ def test_container_engine_option(tmp_path: Path, toml_assignment, result_name, r
 
     assert parsed_container_engine.name == result_name
     assert parsed_container_engine.create_args == result_create_args
+
+
+def test_environment_pass_references():
+    options = Options(
+        platform="linux",
+        command_line_arguments=CommandLineArguments.defaults(),
+        env={
+            "CIBW_ENVIRONMENT_PASS_LINUX": "STARTER MAIN_COURSE",
+            "STARTER": "green eggs",
+            "MAIN_COURSE": "ham",
+            "CIBW_ENVIRONMENT": 'MEAL="$STARTER and $MAIN_COURSE"',
+        },
+    )
+    parsed_environment = options.build_options(identifier=None).environment
+    assert parsed_environment.as_dictionary(prev_environment={}) == {
+        "MEAL": "green eggs and ham",
+        "STARTER": "green eggs",
+        "MAIN_COURSE": "ham",
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("toml_assignment", "result_name", "result_args"),
+    [
+        (
+            "",
+            None,
+            None,
+        ),
+        (
+            'build-frontend = "build"',
+            "build",
+            [],
+        ),
+        (
+            'build-frontend = {name = "build"}',
+            "build",
+            [],
+        ),
+        (
+            'build-frontend = "pip; args: --some-option"',
+            "pip",
+            ["--some-option"],
+        ),
+        (
+            'build-frontend = {name = "pip", args = ["--some-option"]}',
+            "pip",
+            ["--some-option"],
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+def test_build_frontend_option(tmp_path: Path, toml_assignment, result_name, result_args):
+    args = CommandLineArguments.defaults()
+    args.package_dir = tmp_path
+
+    tmp_path.joinpath("pyproject.toml").write_text(
+        textwrap.dedent(
+            f"""\
+            [tool.cibuildwheel]
+            {toml_assignment}
+            """
+        )
+    )
+
+    options = Options(platform="linux", command_line_arguments=args, env={})
+    parsed_build_frontend = options.build_options(identifier=None).build_frontend
+
+    if toml_assignment:
+        assert parsed_build_frontend is not None
+        assert parsed_build_frontend.name == result_name
+        assert parsed_build_frontend.args == result_args
+    else:
+        assert parsed_build_frontend is None

unit_test/projectfiles_test.py

@@ -26,6 +26,72 @@ def test_read_setup_py_simple(tmp_path):
     assert get_requires_python_str(tmp_path) == "1.23"
 
 
+def test_read_setup_py_if_main(tmp_path):
+    with open(tmp_path / "setup.py", "w") as f:
+        f.write(
+            dedent(
+                """
+                from setuptools import setup
+
+                if __name__ == "__main__":
+                    setup(
+                        name = "hello",
+                        other = 23,
+                        example = ["item", "other"],
+                        python_requires = "1.23",
+                    )
+                """
+            )
+        )
+
+    assert setup_py_python_requires(tmp_path.joinpath("setup.py").read_text()) == "1.23"
+    assert get_requires_python_str(tmp_path) == "1.23"
+
+
+def test_read_setup_py_if_main_reversed(tmp_path):
+    with open(tmp_path / "setup.py", "w") as f:
+        f.write(
+            dedent(
+                """
+                from setuptools import setup
+
+                if "__main__" == __name__:
+                    setup(
+                        name = "hello",
+                        other = 23,
+                        example = ["item", "other"],
+                        python_requires = "1.23",
+                    )
+                """
+            )
+        )
+
+    assert setup_py_python_requires(tmp_path.joinpath("setup.py").read_text()) == "1.23"
+    assert get_requires_python_str(tmp_path) == "1.23"
+
+
+def test_read_setup_py_if_invalid(tmp_path):
+    with open(tmp_path / "setup.py", "w") as f:
+        f.write(
+            dedent(
+                """
+                from setuptools import setup
+
+                if True:
+                    setup(
+                        name = "hello",
+                        other = 23,
+                        example = ["item", "other"],
+                        python_requires = "1.23",
+                    )
+                """
+            )
+        )
+
+    assert not setup_py_python_requires(tmp_path.joinpath("setup.py").read_text())
+    assert not get_requires_python_str(tmp_path)
+
+
 def test_read_setup_py_full(tmp_path):
     with open(tmp_path / "setup.py", "w", encoding="utf8") as f:
         f.write(

unit_test/utils_test.py

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ from cibuildwheel.util import (
     find_compatible_wheel,
     fix_ansi_codes_for_github_actions,
     format_safe,
+    parse_key_value_string,
     prepare_command,
 )
 
@@ -124,3 +125,84 @@ def test_fix_ansi_codes_for_github_actions():
     output = fix_ansi_codes_for_github_actions(input)
 
     assert output == expected
+
+
+def test_parse_key_value_string():
+    assert parse_key_value_string("bar", positional_arg_names=["foo"]) == {"foo": ["bar"]}
+    assert parse_key_value_string("foo:bar", kw_arg_names=["foo"]) == {"foo": ["bar"]}
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Too many positional arguments"):
+        parse_key_value_string("bar")
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Unknown field name"):
+        parse_key_value_string("foo:bar")
+    assert parse_key_value_string("foo:bar", kw_arg_names=["foo"]) == {"foo": ["bar"]}
+    assert parse_key_value_string("foo:bar", positional_arg_names=["foo"]) == {"foo": ["bar"]}
+    assert parse_key_value_string("foo: bar", kw_arg_names=["foo"]) == {"foo": ["bar"]}
+    assert parse_key_value_string("foo: bar", kw_arg_names=["foo"]) == {"foo": ["bar"]}
+    assert parse_key_value_string("foo: bar; baz: qux", kw_arg_names=["foo", "baz"]) == {
+        "foo": ["bar"],
+        "baz": ["qux"],
+    }
+
+    # some common options
+    assert parse_key_value_string(
+        "docker; create_args: --some-option --another-option=foo",
+        positional_arg_names=["name"],
+        kw_arg_names=["create_args"],
+    ) == {
+        "name": ["docker"],
+        "create_args": ["--some-option", "--another-option=foo"],
+    }
+    # semicolon in value
+    assert parse_key_value_string(
+        "docker; create_args: --some-option='this; that'",
+        positional_arg_names=["name"],
+        kw_arg_names=["create_args"],
+    ) == {
+        "name": ["docker"],
+        "create_args": ["--some-option=this; that"],
+    }
+    # colon in value
+    assert parse_key_value_string(
+        "docker; create_args: --mount a:b",
+        positional_arg_names=["name"],
+        kw_arg_names=["create_args"],
+    ) == {
+        "name": ["docker"],
+        "create_args": ["--mount", "a:b"],
+    }
+    assert parse_key_value_string(
+        "docker;create_args:--mount a:b",
+        positional_arg_names=["name"],
+        kw_arg_names=["create_args"],
+    ) == {
+        "name": ["docker"],
+        "create_args": ["--mount", "a:b"],
+    }
+    # quoted value with spaces
+    assert parse_key_value_string(
+        "docker;create_args:'some string with spaces'",
+        positional_arg_names=["name"],
+        kw_arg_names=["create_args"],
+    ) == {
+        "name": ["docker"],
+        "create_args": ["some string with spaces"],
+    }
+
+    # colon in positional value
+    assert parse_key_value_string(
+        "docker; --mount a:b",
+        positional_arg_names=["name", "create_args"],
+    ) == {
+        "name": ["docker"],
+        "create_args": ["--mount", "a:b"],
+    }
+
+    # empty option gives empty array
+    assert parse_key_value_string(
+        "docker;create_args:",
+        positional_arg_names=["name"],
+        kw_arg_names=["create_args"],
+    ) == {
+        "name": ["docker"],
+        "create_args": [],
+    }

unit_test/validate_schema_test.py

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import re
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+import validate_pyproject.api
+
+from cibuildwheel._compat import tomllib
+
+DIR = Path(__file__).parent.resolve()
+
+
+def test_validate_default_schema():
+    filepath = DIR.parent / "cibuildwheel/resources/defaults.toml"
+    with filepath.open("rb") as f:
+        example = tomllib.load(f)
+
+    validator = validate_pyproject.api.Validator()
+    assert validator(example) is not None
+
+
+def test_validate_bad_container_engine():
+    example = tomllib.loads(
+        """
+        [tool.cibuildwheel.linux]
+        container-engine = "docker"
+        """
+    )
+
+    validator = validate_pyproject.api.Validator()
+    with pytest.raises(validate_pyproject.error_reporting.ValidationError):
+        validator(example)
+
+
+def test_overrides_select():
+    example = tomllib.loads(
+        """
+        [[tool.cibuildwheel.overrides]]
+        select = "somestring"
+        repair-wheel-command = "something"
+        """
+    )
+
+    validator = validate_pyproject.api.Validator()
+    assert validator(example) is not None
+
+
+def test_overrides_no_select():
+    example = tomllib.loads(
+        """
+        [[tool.cibuildwheel.overrides]]
+        repair-wheel-command = "something"
+        """
+    )
+
+    validator = validate_pyproject.api.Validator()
+    with pytest.raises(validate_pyproject.error_reporting.ValidationError):
+        validator(example)
+
+
+def test_overrides_only_select():
+    example = tomllib.loads(
+        """
+        [[tool.cibuildwheel.overrides]]
+        select = "somestring"
+        """
+    )
+
+    validator = validate_pyproject.api.Validator()
+    with pytest.raises(validate_pyproject.error_reporting.ValidationError):
+        validator(example)
+
+
+def test_docs_examples():
+    """
+    Parse out all the configuration examples, build valid TOML out of them, and
+    make sure they pass.
+    """
+
+    expr = re.compile(
+        r"""
+!!! tab examples "pyproject.toml"
+\s*
+\s*```toml
+(.*?)```""",
+        re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL,
+    )
+
+    txt = DIR.parent.joinpath("docs/options.md").read_text()
+
+    blocks: list[str] = []
+    for match in expr.finditer(txt):
+        lines = (line.strip() for line in match.group(1).strip().splitlines() if line.strip())
+        block: list[str] = []
+        header = ""
+        for line in lines:
+            if line.startswith(("[tool.cibuildwheel", "[[tool.cibuildwheel")):
+                header = line
+            elif line.startswith("#"):
+                if block:
+                    blocks.append("\n".join([header, *block]))
+                    block = []
+            elif " = " in line and any(x.startswith(line.partition(" = ")[0]) for x in block):
+                blocks.append("\n".join([header, *block]))
+                block = [line]
+            else:
+                block.append(line)
+        blocks.append("\n".join([header, *block]))
+
+    for example_txt in blocks:
+        print(example_txt)
+        print()
+        example = tomllib.loads(example_txt)
+        validator = validate_pyproject.api.Validator()
+        assert validator(example) is not None