Bump version: v2.1.3

Merge pull request #857 from pypa/2.1.x-update-deps
2.1.x Update deps
2021-10-06 21:20:37 +01:00 · 2021-10-06 21:15:28 +01:00 · 2021-10-06 09:09:52 +01:00 · 2021-10-06 09:09:23 +01:00 · 2021-10-06 09:09:03 +01:00 · 2021-10-06 09:06:06 +01:00
66 changed files with 3107 additions and 1509 deletions
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ version: 2
 jobs:
  osx-python3.6:
    macos:
-      xcode: 9.4.1
+      xcode: 12.5.1
    environment:
      PYTHON: python3
    steps:
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ jobs:
    - name: Install dependencies
      run: |
-        python -m pip install -e ".[dev]"
+        python -m pip install ".[test]"
    - name: Sample build
      if: "contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'CI: Sample build')"
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ jobs:
    - uses: actions/setup-python@v2
    - name: Install dependencies
      run: |
-        python -m pip install -r requirements-dev.txt
+        python -m pip install ".[test]"
    - name: Set up QEMU
      id: qemu
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ on:
 jobs:
  update-dependencies:
    name: Update dependencies
    if: github.repository_owner == 'pypa' || github.event_name != 'schedule'
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
@@ -17,11 +18,14 @@ jobs:
      run: nox --force-color -s update_constraints
    - name: "Run update: python configs"
      run: nox --force-color -s update_pins
    - name: "Run update: docs user projects"
      run: nox --force-color -s update_proj -- --auth=${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
    # we use this step to grab a Github App auth token, so that PRs generated by this workflow
    # run the GHA tests.
    - uses: tibdex/github-app-token@v1
      id: generate-token
      if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' && github.repository == 'pypa/cibuildwheel'
      with:
        app_id: ${{ secrets.CIBUILDWHEEL_BOT_APP_ID }}
        private_key: ${{ secrets.CIBUILDWHEEL_BOT_APP_PRIVATE_KEY }}
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ repos:
  - id: trailing-whitespace
 - repo: https://github.com/asottile/pyupgrade
-  rev: v2.19.0
+  rev: v2.25.0
  hooks:
  - id: pyupgrade
    name: PyUpgrade 3.6+
@@ -26,12 +26,12 @@ repos:
    args: ["--py37-plus"]
 - repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/isort
-  rev: 5.8.0
+  rev: 5.9.3
  hooks:
  - id: isort
 - repo: https://github.com/psf/black
-  rev: 21.5b2
+  rev: 21.8b0
  hooks:
  - id: black
@@ -42,17 +42,28 @@ repos:
    stages: [manual]
 - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy
-  rev: v0.812
+  rev: v0.910
  hooks:
  - id: mypy
-    exclude: ^(bin/|cibuildwheel/resources/).*py$
+    exclude: ^(bin|cibuildwheel/resources|docs)/.*py$
-    additional_dependencies: [packaging]
+    args: ["--python-version=3.6", "--scripts-are-modules"]
-    args: ["--python-version=3.6", "--ignore-missing-imports", "--scripts-are-modules"]
+    additional_dependencies:
      - packaging
      - types-jinja2
      - types-certifi
      - types-toml
  - id: mypy
    name: mypy 3.7+ on bin/
-    files: ^bin/.*py$
+    files: ^((bin|docs)/.*py|noxfile.py)$
-    additional_dependencies: [packaging]
+    args: ["--python-version=3.7", "--scripts-are-modules"]
-    args: ["--python-version=3.7", "--ignore-missing-imports", "--scripts-are-modules"]
+    additional_dependencies:
      - packaging>=21.0
      - rich
      - types-jinja2
      - types-pyyaml
      - types-click
      - types-requests
      - types-toml
 - repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/flake8
  rev: 3.9.2
@@ -66,6 +77,17 @@ repos:
  - id: disallow-caps
    name: Disallow improper capitalization
    language: pygrep
-    entry: PyBind|Numpy|Cmake|Github
+    entry: PyBind|Numpy|Cmake|Github|PyTest
    types:
    - markdown
  - id: update-readme-changelog
    name: Update README changelog
    language: python
    entry: bin/update_readme_changelog.py
    files: ^docs/changelog.md$
 - repo: https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell
  rev: v2.1.0
  hooks:
  - id: codespell
    args: ["-L", "sur"]
@@ -28,10 +28,9 @@ What does it do?
 | CPython 3.7   | ✅ | N/A | ✅  | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  |
 | CPython 3.8   | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  |
 | CPython 3.9   | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  |
-| CPython 3.10¹ | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  |
+| CPython 3.10  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  |
 | PyPy 3.7 v7.3 | ✅ | N/A | ✅  | N/A | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | N/A | N/A |
 <sup>¹ Available as a prerelease under a [flag](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#prerelease-pythons)</sup><br>
 - Builds manylinux, macOS 10.9+, and Windows wheels for CPython and PyPy
 - Works on GitHub Actions, Azure Pipelines, Travis CI, AppVeyor, CircleCI, and GitLab CI
@@ -85,7 +84,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/setup-python@v2
      - name: Install cibuildwheel
-        run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.0.0a2
+        run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.1.3
      - name: Build wheels
        run: python -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
@@ -107,14 +106,15 @@ Options
 |---|--------|-------------|
 | **Build selection** | [`CIBW_PLATFORM`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#platform)  | Override the auto-detected target platform |
 |   | [`CIBW_BUILD`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#build-skip)  <br> [`CIBW_SKIP`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#build-skip)  | Choose the Python versions to build |
-|   | [`CIBW_ARCHS`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#archs)  | Change the architectures built on your machine by default |
+|   | [`CIBW_ARCHS`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#archs)  | Change the architectures built on your machine by default. |
 |   | [`CIBW_PROJECT_REQUIRES_PYTHON`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#requires-python)  | Manually set the Python compatibility of your project |
-|   | [`CIBW_PRERELEASE_PYTHONS`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#prerelease-pythons)  | Enable building with pre-release versions of Python |
+|   | [`CIBW_PRERELEASE_PYTHONS`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#prerelease-pythons)  | Enable building with pre-release versions of Python if available |
-| **Build customization** | [`CIBW_ENVIRONMENT`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#environment)  | Set environment variables needed during the build |
+| **Build customization** | [`CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#build-frontend)  | Set the tool to use to build, either "pip" (default for now) or "build" |
 |   | [`CIBW_ENVIRONMENT`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#environment)  | Set environment variables needed during the build |
 |   | [`CIBW_BEFORE_ALL`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#before-all)  | Execute a shell command on the build system before any wheels are built. |
 |   | [`CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#before-build)  | Execute a shell command preparing each wheel's build |
 |   | [`CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#repair-wheel-command)  | Execute a shell command to repair each (non-pure Python) built wheel |
-|   | [`CIBW_MANYLINUX_X86_64_IMAGE`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#manylinux-image)  <br> [`CIBW_MANYLINUX_I686_IMAGE`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#manylinux-image)  <br> [`CIBW_MANYLINUX_PYPY_X86_64_IMAGE`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#manylinux-image)  <br> [`CIBW_MANYLINUX_AARCH64_IMAGE`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#manylinux-image)  <br> [`CIBW_MANYLINUX_PPC64LE_IMAGE`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#manylinux-image)  <br> [`CIBW_MANYLINUX_S390X_IMAGE`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#manylinux-image)  <br> [`CIBW_MANYLINUX_PYPY_AARCH64_IMAGE`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#manylinux-image)  <br> [`CIBW_MANYLINUX_PYPY_I686_IMAGE`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#manylinux-image)  | Specify alternative manylinux docker images |
+|   | [`CIBW_MANYLINUX_*_IMAGE`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#manylinux-image)  | Specify alternative manylinux Docker images |
 |   | [`CIBW_DEPENDENCY_VERSIONS`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#dependency-versions)  | Specify how cibuildwheel controls the versions of the tools it uses |
 | **Testing** | [`CIBW_TEST_COMMAND`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#test-command)  | Execute a shell command to test each built wheel |
 |   | [`CIBW_BEFORE_TEST`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#before-test)  | Execute a shell command before testing each wheel |
@@ -123,12 +123,11 @@ Options
 |   | [`CIBW_TEST_SKIP`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#test-skip)  | Skip running tests on some builds |
 | **Other** | [`CIBW_BUILD_VERBOSITY`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#build-verbosity)  | Increase/decrease the output of pip wheel |
 These options can be specified in a pyproject.toml file, as well; see [configuration](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#configuration).
 Working examples
 ----------------
 <!--working-examples-start-->
 Here are some repos that use cibuildwheel.
 <!-- START bin/projects.py -->
@@ -143,58 +142,10 @@ Here are some repos that use cibuildwheel.
 | [psutil][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Cross-platform lib for process and system monitoring in Python |
 | [scikit-image][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Image processing library. Uses cibuildwheel to build and test a project that uses Cython with platform-native code.  |
 | [twisted-iocpsupport][]           | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] | A submodule of Twisted that hooks into native C APIs using Cython. |
 | [cmake][]                         | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Multitagged binary builds for all supported platforms, using cibw 2 config configuration. |
 | [websockets][]                    | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Library for building WebSocket servers and clients. Mostly written in Python, with a small C 'speedups' extension module.  |
 | [pyzmq][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python bindings for zeromq, the networking library. Uses Cython and CFFI.  |
 | [aiortc][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | WebRTC and ORTC implementation for Python using asyncio. |
 | [River][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | 🌊 Online machine learning in Python |
 | [coverage.py][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The coverage tool for Python |
 | [numexpr][]                       | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Fast numerical array expression evaluator for Python, NumPy, PyTables, pandas, bcolz and more |
 | [h5py][]                          | ![azurepipelines icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | HDF5 for Python -- The h5py package is a Pythonic interface to the HDF5 binary data format. |
 | [Dependency Injector][]           | ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Dependency injection framework for Python, uses Windows TravisCI |
 | [PyAV][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Pythonic bindings for FFmpeg's libraries. |
 | [PyTables][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A Python package to manage extremely large amounts of data |
 | [ruptures][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Extensive Cython + NumPy [pyproject.toml](https://github.com/deepcharles/ruptures/blob/master/pyproject.toml) example. |
 | [aioquic][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | QUIC and HTTP/3 implementation in Python |
 | [pikepdf][]                       | ![azurepipelines icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A Python library for reading and writing PDF, powered by qpdf |
 | [DeepForest][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | An Efficient, Scalable and Optimized Python Framework for Deep Forest (2021.2.1) |
 | [google neuroglancer][]           | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | WebGL-based viewer for volumetric data |
 | [AutoPy][]                        | ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Includes a Windows Travis build. |
 | [Parselmouth][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A Python interface to the Praat software package, using pybind11, C++17 and CMake, with the core Praat static library built only once and shared between wheels. |
 | [python-rapidjson][]              | ![travisci icon][] ![gitlab icon][] ![appveyor icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python wrapper around rapidjson |
 | [Rtree][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Rtree: spatial index for Python GIS ¶ |
 | [python-snappy][]                 | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Python bindings for the snappy google library |
 | [markupsafe][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Safely add untrusted strings to HTML/XML markup. |
 | [H3-py][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Python bindings for H3, a hierarchical hexagonal geospatial indexing system |
 | [pybind11 cmake_example][]        | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Example pybind11 module built with a CMake-based build system |
 | [KDEpy][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Kernel Density Estimation in Python |
 | [cyvcf2][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | cython + htslib == fast VCF and BCF processing |
 | [pybind11 python_example][]       | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Example pybind11 module built with a Python-based build system |
 | [sourmash][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Quickly search, compare, and analyze genomic and metagenomic data sets. |
 | [dd-trace-py][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Uses custom alternate arch emulation on GitHub |
 | [iminuit][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Jupyter-friendly Python interface for C++ MINUIT2 |
 | [time-machine][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Time mocking library using only the CPython C API. |
 | [matrixprofile][]                 | ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A Python 3 library making time series data mining tasks, utilizing matrix profile algorithms, accessible to everyone. |
 | [CTranslate2][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Includes libraries from the [Intel oneAPI toolkit](https://software.intel.com/content/www/us/en/develop/tools/oneapi/base-toolkit.html). The Linux wheels also include CUDA libraries for GPU execution. |
 | [jq.py][]                         | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python bindings for jq |
 | [Tokenizer][]                     | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Fast and customizable text tokenization library with BPE and SentencePiece support |
 | [PyGLM][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Fast OpenGL Mathematics (GLM) for Python |
 | [bx-python][]                     | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A library that includes Cython extensions. |
 | [boost-histogram][]               | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Supports full range of wheels, including PyPy and alternate archs. |
 | [iDynTree][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] | Uses manylinux_2_24 |
 | [TgCrypto][]                      | ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Includes a Windows Travis build. |
 | [pybase64][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Fast Base64 encoding/decoding in Python |
 | [etebase-py][]                    | ![travisci icon][] | ![linux icon][] | Python bindings to a Rust library using `setuptools-rust`, and `sccache` for improved speed. |
 | [pyjet][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The interface between FastJet and NumPy |
 | [numpythia][]                     | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The interface between PYTHIA and NumPy |
 | [fathon][]                        | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | python package for DFA (Detrended Fluctuation Analysis) and related algorithms |
 | [polaroid][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Full range of wheels for setuptools rust, with auto release and PyPI deploy. |
 | [GSD][]                           | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Cython and NumPy project with 64-bit wheels. |
 | [pybind11 scikit_build_example][] | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | An example combining scikit-build and pybind11 |
 | [pyinstrument_cext][]             | ![travisci icon][] ![appveyor icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A simple C extension, without external dependencies |
 | [xmlstarlet][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python 3.6+ CFFI bindings with true MSVC build. |
 | [CorrectionLib][]                 | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Structured JSON powered correction library for HEP, designed for the CMS experiment at CERN. |
 | [Imagecodecs (fork)][]            | ![azurepipelines icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Over 20 external dependencies in compiled libraries, custom docker image, `libomp`, `openblas` and `install_name_tool` for macOS. |
 | [SiPM][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | High performance library for SiPM detectors simulation using C++17, OpenMP and AVX2 intrinsics. |
 [scikit-learn]: https://github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn
 [Matplotlib]: https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib
@@ -202,58 +153,10 @@ Here are some repos that use cibuildwheel.
 [psutil]: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil
 [scikit-image]: https://github.com/scikit-image/scikit-image
 [twisted-iocpsupport]: https://github.com/twisted/twisted-iocpsupport
 [cmake]: https://github.com/scikit-build/cmake-python-distributions
 [websockets]: https://github.com/aaugustin/websockets
 [pyzmq]: https://github.com/zeromq/pyzmq
 [aiortc]: https://github.com/aiortc/aiortc
 [River]: https://github.com/online-ml/river
 [coverage.py]: https://github.com/nedbat/coveragepy
 [numexpr]: https://github.com/pydata/numexpr
 [h5py]: https://github.com/h5py/h5py
 [Dependency Injector]: https://github.com/ets-labs/python-dependency-injector
 [PyAV]: https://github.com/PyAV-Org/PyAV
 [PyTables]: https://github.com/PyTables/PyTables
 [ruptures]: https://github.com/deepcharles/ruptures
 [aioquic]: https://github.com/aiortc/aioquic
 [pikepdf]: https://github.com/pikepdf/pikepdf
 [DeepForest]: https://github.com/LAMDA-NJU/Deep-Forest
 [google neuroglancer]: https://github.com/google/neuroglancer
 [AutoPy]: https://github.com/autopilot-rs/autopy
 [Parselmouth]: https://github.com/YannickJadoul/Parselmouth
 [python-rapidjson]: https://github.com/python-rapidjson/python-rapidjson
 [Rtree]: https://github.com/Toblerity/rtree
 [python-snappy]: https://github.com/andrix/python-snappy
 [markupsafe]: https://github.com/pallets/markupsafe
 [H3-py]: https://github.com/uber/h3-py
 [pybind11 cmake_example]: https://github.com/pybind/cmake_example
 [KDEpy]: https://github.com/tommyod/KDEpy
 [cyvcf2]: https://github.com/brentp/cyvcf2
 [pybind11 python_example]: https://github.com/pybind/python_example
 [sourmash]: https://github.com/dib-lab/sourmash
 [dd-trace-py]: https://github.com/DataDog/dd-trace-py
 [iminuit]: https://github.com/scikit-hep/iminuit
 [time-machine]: https://github.com/adamchainz/time-machine
 [matrixprofile]: https://github.com/matrix-profile-foundation/matrixprofile
 [CTranslate2]: https://github.com/OpenNMT/CTranslate2
 [jq.py]: https://github.com/mwilliamson/jq.py
 [Tokenizer]: https://github.com/OpenNMT/Tokenizer
 [PyGLM]: https://github.com/Zuzu-Typ/PyGLM
 [bx-python]: https://github.com/bxlab/bx-python
 [boost-histogram]: https://github.com/scikit-hep/boost-histogram
 [iDynTree]: https://github.com/robotology/idyntree
 [TgCrypto]: https://github.com/pyrogram/tgcrypto
 [pybase64]: https://github.com/mayeut/pybase64
 [etebase-py]: https://github.com/etesync/etebase-py
 [pyjet]: https://github.com/scikit-hep/pyjet
 [numpythia]: https://github.com/scikit-hep/numpythia
 [fathon]: https://github.com/stfbnc/fathon
 [polaroid]: https://github.com/daggy1234/polaroid
 [GSD]: https://github.com/glotzerlab/gsd
 [pybind11 scikit_build_example]: https://github.com/pybind/scikit_build_example
 [pyinstrument_cext]: https://github.com/joerick/pyinstrument_cext
 [xmlstarlet]: https://github.com/dimitern/xmlstarlet
 [CorrectionLib]: https://github.com/cms-nanoAOD/correctionlib
 [Imagecodecs (fork)]: https://github.com/czaki/imagecodecs_build
 [SiPM]: https://github.com/EdoPro98/SimSiPM
 [appveyor icon]: docs/data/readme_icons/appveyor.svg
 [github icon]: docs/data/readme_icons/github.svg
@@ -265,72 +168,9 @@ Here are some repos that use cibuildwheel.
 [apple icon]: docs/data/readme_icons/apple.svg
 [linux icon]: docs/data/readme_icons/linux.svg
 <!-- scikit-learn: 45793, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- Matplotlib: 13636, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- MyPy: 10696, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- psutil: 7319, last pushed 4 days ago -->
 <!-- scikit-image: 4342, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- twisted-iocpsupport: 4266, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- websockets: 3349, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- pyzmq: 2792, last pushed 1 days ago -->
 <!-- aiortc: 2396, last pushed 32 days ago -->
 <!-- River: 1604, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- coverage.py: 1592, last pushed 6 days ago -->
 <!-- numexpr: 1586, last pushed 75 days ago -->
 <!-- h5py: 1517, last pushed 1 days ago -->
 <!-- Dependency Injector: 1318, last pushed 20 days ago -->
 <!-- PyAV: 1246, last pushed 2 days ago -->
 <!-- PyTables: 1023, last pushed 53 days ago -->
 <!-- ruptures: 704, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- aioquic: 644, last pushed 13 days ago -->
 <!-- pikepdf: 624, last pushed 9 days ago -->
 <!-- DeepForest: 591, last pushed 6 days ago -->
 <!-- google neuroglancer: 586, last pushed 3 days ago -->
 <!-- AutoPy: 533, last pushed 251 days ago -->
 <!-- Parselmouth: 511, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- python-rapidjson: 420, last pushed 156 days ago -->
 <!-- Rtree: 403, last pushed 59 days ago -->
 <!-- python-snappy: 398, last pushed 82 days ago -->
 <!-- markupsafe: 390, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- H3-py: 376, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- pybind11 cmake_example: 271, last pushed 6 days ago -->
 <!-- KDEpy: 264, last pushed 7 days ago -->
 <!-- cyvcf2: 260, last pushed 19 days ago -->
 <!-- pybind11 python_example: 250, last pushed 6 days ago -->
 <!-- sourmash: 241, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- dd-trace-py: 237, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- iminuit: 181, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- time-machine: 160, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- matrixprofile: 158, last pushed 68 days ago -->
 <!-- CTranslate2: 157, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- jq.py: 152, last pushed 15 days ago -->
 <!-- Tokenizer: 140, last pushed 14 days ago -->
 <!-- PyGLM: 103, last pushed 7 days ago -->
 <!-- bx-python: 102, last pushed 47 days ago -->
 <!-- boost-histogram: 78, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- iDynTree: 75, last pushed 3 days ago -->
 <!-- TgCrypto: 64, last pushed 16 days ago -->
 <!-- pybase64: 62, last pushed 1 days ago -->
 <!-- etebase-py: 50, last pushed 134 days ago -->
 <!-- pyjet: 28, last pushed 6 days ago -->
 <!-- numpythia: 28, last pushed 15 days ago -->
 <!-- fathon: 25, last pushed 65 days ago -->
 <!-- polaroid: 16, last pushed 69 days ago -->
 <!-- GSD: 16, last pushed 1 days ago -->
 <!-- pybind11 scikit_build_example: 14, last pushed 6 days ago -->
 <!-- pyinstrument_cext: 10, last pushed 95 days ago -->
 <!-- xmlstarlet: 7, last pushed 29 days ago -->
 <!-- CorrectionLib: 5, last pushed 5 days ago -->
 <!-- Imagecodecs (fork): 3, last pushed 19 days ago -->
 <!-- SiPM: 2, last pushed 15 days ago -->
 <!-- END bin/projects.py -->
-> Add your repo here! Let us know on [GitHub Discussions](https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/discussions/485), or send a PR, adding your information to `docs/data/projects.yml`.
+> ℹ️ That's just a handful, there are many more! Check out the [Working Examples](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/working-examples) page in the docs.
 >
 > <sup>I'd like to include notes here to indicate why an example might be interesting to cibuildwheel users - the styles/technologies/techniques used in each. Please include that in future additions!</sup>
 <!--working-examples-end-->
 Legal note
 ----------
@@ -344,557 +184,61 @@ This is similar to static linking, so it might have some licence implications. C
 Changelog
 =========
-<!--changelog-start-->
+<!-- START bin/update_readme_changelog.py -->
-### v2.0.0 (prerelease)
+<!-- this section was generated by bin/update_readme_changelog.py -- do not edit manually -->
-_This release is currently in prerelease. The below release notes will be condensed into a single entry when we do a final release._
+### v2.1.3
-_v2.0.0a2 (1 Jun 2021)_
+_6 October 2021_
- 🌟 Added the ability to test building wheels on CPython 3.10! Because CPython 3.10 is in beta, these wheels should not be distributed, because they might not be compatible with the final release, but it's available to build for testing purposes. Use the flag [`--prerelease-pythons` or `CIBW_PRERELEASE_PYTHONS`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/latest/options/#prerelease-pythons) to test. (#675)
+- 🛠 Updated CPython 3.10 to the 3.10.0 final release
- ✨ Added the ability to build CPython 3.8 wheels on Apple Silicon. (#704)
+
- 🛠 Update to the latest build dependencies, including auditwheel 4. (#633)
+### v2.1.2
 _14 September 2021_
 - 🛠 Updated CPython 3.10 to 3.10.0rc2
 - 📚 Multiple docs updates
 - 🐛 Improved warnings when built binaries are bundled into the container on Linux. (#807)
 ### v2.1.1
 _7 August 2021_
 - ✨ Corresponding with the release of CPython 3.10.0rc1, which is ABI stable, cibuildwheel now builds CPython 3.10 by default - without the CIBW_PRERELEASE_PYTHONS flag.
 <sup>Note: v2.1.0 was a bad release, it was yanked from PyPI.</sup>
 ### v2.0.1
 _25 July 2021_
 - 📚 Docs improvements (#767)
 - 🛠 Dependency updates, including delocate 0.9.0.
 ### v2.0.0 🎉
 _16 July 2021_
 - 🌟 You can now configure cibuildwheel options inside your project's `pyproject.toml`! Environment variables still work of course. Check out the [documentation](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#setting-options) for more info.
 - 🌟 Added support for building wheels with [build](https://github.com/pypa/build), as well as pip. This feature is controlled with the [`CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#build-frontend) option.
 - 🌟 Added the ability to test building wheels on CPython 3.10! Because CPython 3.10 is in beta, these wheels should not be distributed, because they might not be compatible with the final release, but it's available to build for testing purposes. Use the flag [`--prerelease-pythons` or `CIBW_PRERELEASE_PYTHONS`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#prerelease-pythons) to test. (#675) This version of cibuildwheel includes CPython 3.10.0b4.
 - ⚠️ **Removed support for building Python 2.7 and Python 3.5 wheels**, for both CPython and PyPy. If you still need to build on these versions, please use the latest v1.x version. (#596)
 - ✨ Added the ability to build CPython 3.8 wheels for Apple Silicon. (#704)
 - 🛠 Update to the latest build dependencies, including Auditwheel 4. (#633)
 - 🛠 Use the unified pypa/manylinux images to build PyPy (#671)
- ⚠️ Removed support for building Python 2.7 and Python 3.5 wheels, for both CPython and PyPy. If you still need to build on these versions, please use the latest v1.x version. (#596)
+- 🐛 Numerous bug fixes & docs improvements
 <!-- END bin/update_readme_changelog.py -->
-### v1.11.1
+---
-_28 May 2021_
+That's the last few versions.
- ✨ cibuildwheel is now part of the PyPA!
+ℹ️ **Want more changelog? Head over to [the changelog page in the docs](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/changelog/).**
 - 📚 Minor docs changes, fixing links related to the above transition
 - 🛠 Update manylinux pins to the last version containing Python 2.7 and 3.5. (#674)
-### v1.11.0
+---
 _1 May 2021_
 - 📚 Lots of docs improvements! (#650, #623, #616, #609, #606)
 - 🐛 Fix nuget "Package is not found" error on Windows. (#653)
 - ⚠️ cibuildwheel will no longer build Windows 2.7 wheels, unless you specify a custom toolchain using `DISTUTILS_USE_SDK=1` and `MSSdk=1`. This is because Microsoft have stopped distributing Visual C++ Compiler for Python 2.7. See [this FAQ entry](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/faq/#windows-and-python-27) for more details. (#649)
 - 🐛 Fix crash on Windows due to missing `which` command (#641).
 ### v1.10.0
 _22 Feb 2021_
 - ✨ Added `manylinux_2_24` support. To use these new Debian-based manylinux
  images, set your [manylinux image](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#manylinux-image)
  options to `manylinux_2_24`.
 - 🛠 On macOS, we now set `MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET` in before running
  `CIBW_BEFORE_ALL`. This is useful when using `CIBW_BEFORE_ALL` to build a
  shared library.
 - 🛠 An empty `CIBW_BUILD` option is now the same as being unset i.e, `*`.
  This makes some build matrix configuration easier. (#588)
 - 📚 Neatened up documentation - added tabs to a few places (#576), fixed some
  formatting issues.
 ### v1.9.0
 _5 February 2021_
 - 🌟 Added support for Apple Silicon wheels on macOS! You can now
  cross-compile `universal2` and `arm64` wheels on your existing macOS Intel
  runners, by setting
  [CIBW_ARCHS_MACOS](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#archs).
  Xcode 12.2 or later is required, but you don't need macOS 11.0 - you can
  still build on macOS 10.15. See
  [this FAQ entry](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/faq/#apple-silicon)
  for more information. (#484)
 - 🌟 Added auto-detection of your package's Python compatibility, via declared
   [`requires-python`](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0621/#requires-python)
  in your `pyproject.toml`, or
  [`python_requires`](https://packaging.python.org/guides/distributing-packages-using-setuptools/#python-requires)
  in `setup.cfg` or `setup.py`. If your project has these set, cibuildwheel
  will automatically skip builds on versions of Python that your package
  doesn't support. Hopefully this makes the first-run experience of
  cibuildwheel a bit easier. If you need to override this for any reason,
  look at [`CIBW_PROJECT_REQUIRES_PYTHON`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#requires-python).
  (#536)
 - 🌟 cibuildwheel can now be invoked as a native GitHub Action! You can now
  invoke cibuildwheel in a GHA build step like:
  ```yaml
  - name: Build wheels
    uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@version # e.g. v1.9.0
    with:
      output-dir: wheelhouse
    # env:
    #   CIBW_SOME_OPTION: value
  ```
  This saves a bit of boilerplate, and you can [use Dependabot to keep the
  pinned version up-to-date](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/faq/#automatic-updates).
 - ✨ Added `auto64` and `auto32` shortcuts to the
  [CIBW_ARCHS](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#archs)
  option. (#553)
 - ✨ cibuildwheel now prints a list of the wheels built at the end of each
  run. (#570)
 - 📚 Lots of minor docs improvements.
 ### 1.8.0
 _22 January 2021_
 - 🌟 Added support for emulated builds! You can now build manylinux wheels on
  ARM64`aarch64`, as well as `ppc64le` and 's390x'. To build under emulation,
  register QEMU via binfmt_misc and set the
  [`CIBW_ARCHS_LINUX`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#archs)
  option to the architectures you want to run. See
  [this FAQ entry](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/faq/#emulation)
  for more information. (#482)
 - ✨ Added `CIBW_TEST_SKIP` option. This allows you to choose certain builds
  whose tests you'd like to skip. This might be useful when running a slow
  test suite under emulation, for example. (#537)
 - ✨ Added `curly-{brace,bracket,paren}` style globbing to `CIBW_BUILD` and
  `CIBW_SKIP`. This gives more expressivity, letting you do things like
  `CIBW_BUILD=cp39-manylinux_{aarch64,ppc64le}`. (#527)
 - 🛠 cibuildwheel will now exit with an error if it's called with options that
  skip all builds on a platform. This feature can be disabled by adding
  `--allow-empty` on the command line. (#545)
 ### 1.7.4
 _2 January 2021_
 - 🐛 Fix the PyPy virtualenv patch to work on macOS 10.14 (#506)
 ### 1.7.3
 _1 January 2021_
 - 🛠 Added a patch for Pypy to ensure header files are available for building
  in a virtualenv. (#502)
 - 🛠 Some preparatory work towards using cibuildwheel as a GitHub Action.
  Check out
  [the FAQ](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/faq/#option-1-github-action)
  for information on how to use it. We'll be fully updating the docs to this
  approach in a subsequent release (#494)
 ### 1.7.2
 _21 December 2020_
 - 🛠 Update dependencies, notably wheel==0.36.2 and pip==20.3.3, and CPython to
  their latest bugfix releases (#489)
 - 📚 Switch to a GitHub example in the README (#479)
 - 📚 Create Working Examples table, with many projects that use cibuildwheel (#474)
 - 📚 Import Working Examples table and Changelog to docs
 ### 1.7.1
 _3 December 2020_
 - 🛠 Update manylinux2010 image to resolve issues with 'yum' repositories
  (#472)
 ### 1.7.0
 _26 November 2020_
 - ✨ New logging format, that uses 'fold groups' in CI services that support
  it. (#458)
 - 🛠 Update PyPy to 7.3.3 (#460)
 - 🐛 Fix a bug where CIBW_BEFORE_ALL runs with a very old version of Python on
  Linux. (#464)
 ### 1.6.4
 _31 October 2020_
 - 🐛 Fix crash on Appveyor during nuget install due to old system CA
  certificates. We now use certifi's CA certs to download files. (#455)
 ### 1.6.3
 _12 October 2020_
 - 🐛 Fix missing SSL certificates on macOS (#447)
 - 🛠 Update OpenSSL Python 3.5 patch to 1.1.1h on macOS (#449)
 ### 1.6.2
 _9 October 2020_
 - ✨ Python 3.9 updated to the final release version - v3.9.0 (#440)
 - 🛠 Pypy updated to v7.3.2, adding alpha support for Python 3.7 (#430)
 ### 1.6.1
 _20 September 2020_
 - 🛠 Add PPC64LE manylinux image supporting Python 3.9. (#436)
 - 📚 Add project URLs to PyPI listing (#428)
 ### 1.6.0
 _9 September 2020_
 - 🌟 Add Python 3.9 support! This initial support uses release candidate
  builds. You can start publishing wheels for Python 3.9 now, ahead of
  the official release. (#382)
  Minor note - if you're building PPC64LE wheels, the manylinux image pinned
  by this version is
  [still on Python 3.9b3](https://github.com/pypa/manylinux/issues/758), not a
  release candidate. We'd advise holding off on distributing 3.9 ppc64le wheels
  until a subsequent version of cibuildwheel.
 - 🌟 Add Gitlab CI support. Gitlab CI can now build Linux wheels, using
  cibuildwheel. (#419)
 - 🐛 Fix a bug that causes pyproject.toml dependencies to fail to install on
  Windows (#420)
 - 📚 Added some information about Windows VC++ runtimes and how they relate
  to wheels.
 ### 1.5.5
 _22 July 2020_
 - 🐛 Fix a bug that would cause command substitutions in CIBW_ENVIRONMENT to
  produce no output on Linux (#411)
 - 🐛 Fix regression (introduced in 1.5.3) which caused BEFORE_BUILD and
  BEFORE_ALL to be executed in the wrong directory (#410)
 ### 1.5.4
 _19 June 2020_
 - 🐛 Fix a bug that would cause command substitutions in CIBW_ENVIRONMENT
  variables to not interpret quotes in commands correctly (#406, #408)
 ### 1.5.3
 _19 July 2020_
 - 🛠 Update CPython 3.8 to 3.8.3 (#405)
 - 🛠 Internal refactoring of Linux build, to move control flow into Python (#386)
 ### 1.5.2
 _8 July 2020_
 - 🐛 Fix an issue on Windows where pyproject.toml would cause an error when
  some requirements formats were used. (#401)
 - 🛠 Update CPython 3.7 to 3.7.8 (#394)
 ### 1.5.1
 _25 June 2020_
 - 🐛 Fix "OSError: [WinError 17] The system cannot move the file to a different
  disk drive" on GitHub Actions (#388, #389)
 ### 1.5.0
 _24 June 2020_
 - 🌟 Add [`CIBW_BEFORE_ALL`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#before-all)
  option, which lets you run a command on the build machine before any wheels
  are built. This is especially useful when building on Linux, to `make`
  something external to Python, or to `yum install` a dependency. (#342)
 - ✨ Added support for projects using pyproject.toml instead of setup.py
  (#360, #358)
 - ✨ Added workaround to allow Python 3.5 on Windows to pull dependencies from
  pyproject.toml. (#358)
 - 📚 Improved GitHub Actions examples and docs (#354, #362)
 - 🐛 Ensure pip wheel uses the specified package, and doesn't build a wheel
  from PyPI (#369)
 - 🛠 Internal changes: using pathlib.Path, precommit hooks, testing
  improvements.
 ### 1.4.2
 _25 May 2020_
 - 🛠 Dependency updates, including CPython 3.8.3 & manylinux images.
 - 🛠 Lots of internal updates - type annotations and checking using mypy, and
  a new integration testing system.
 - ⚠️ Removed support for *running* cibuildwheel using Python 3.5. cibuildwheel
  will continue to build Python 3.5 wheels until EOL.
 ### 1.4.1
 _4 May 2020_
 - 🐛 Fix a bug causing programs running inside the i686 manylinux images to
  think they were running x86_64 and target the wrong architecture. (#336,
  #338)
 ### 1.4.0
 _2 May 2020_
 - 🌟 Deterministic builds. cibuildwheel now locks the versions of the tools it
  uses. This means that pinning your version of cibuildwheel pins the versions
  of pip, setuptools, manylinux etc. that are used under the hood. This should
  make things more reliable. But note that we don't control the entire build
  environment on macOS and Windows, where the version of Xcode and Visual
  Studio can still effect things.
  This can be controlled using the [CIBW_DEPENDENCY_VERSIONS](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#dependency-versions)
  and [manylinux image](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#manylinux-image)
  options - if you always want to use the latest toolchain, you can still do
  that, or you can specify your own pip constraints file and manylinux image.
  (#256)
 - ✨ Added `package_dir` command line option, meaning we now support building
  a package that lives in a subdirectory and pulls in files from the wider
  project. See [the `package_dir` option help](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#command-line-options)
  for more information.
  Note that this change makes the working directory (where you call
  cibuildwheel from) relevant on Linux, as it's considered the 'project' and
  will be copied into the Docker container. If your builds are slower on this
  version, that's likely the reason. `cd` to your project and then call
  `cibuildwheel` from there. (#319, #295)
 - 🛠 On macOS, we make `MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET` default to `10.9` if it's
  not set. This should make things more consistent between Python versions.
 - 🛠 Dependency updates - CPython 3.7.7, CPython 2.7.18, Pypy 7.3.1.
 ### 1.3.0
 _12 March 2020_
 - 🌟 Add support for building on GitHub Actions! Check out the
  [docs](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/setup/#github-actions)
  for information on how to set it up. (#194)
 - ✨ Add the `CIBW_BEFORE_TEST` option, which lets you run a command to
  prepare the environment before your tests are run. (#242)
 ### 1.2.0
 _8 March 2020_
 - 🌟 Add support for building PyPy wheels, across Manylinux, macOS, and
  Windows. (#185)
 - 🌟 Added the ability to build ARM64 (aarch64), ppc64le, and s390x wheels,
  using manylinux2014 and Travis CI. (#273)
 - ✨ You can now build macOS wheels on Appveyor. (#230)
 - 🛠 Changed default macOS minimum target to 10.9, from 10.6. This allows the
  use of more modern C++ libraries, among other things. (#156)
 - 🛠 Stop building universal binaries on macOS. We now only build x86_64
  wheels on macOS. (#220)
 - ✨ Allow chaining of commands using `&&` and `||` on Windows inside
  CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD and CIBW_TEST_COMMAND. (#293)
 - 🛠 Improved error reporting for failed Cython builds due to stale .so files
  (#263)
 - 🛠 Update CPython from 3.7.5 to 3.7.6 and from 3.8.0 to 3.8.2 on Mac/Windows
 - 🛠 Improved error messages when a bad config breaks cibuildwheel's PATH
  variable. (#264)
 - ⚠️ Removed support for *running* cibuildwheel on Python 2.7. cibuildwheel
  will continue to build Python 2.7 wheels for a little while. (#265)
 ### 1.1.0
 _7 December 2019_
 - 🌟 Add support for building manylinux2014 wheels. To use, set
  `CIBW_MANYLINUX_X86_64_IMAGE` and CIBW_MANYLINUX_I686_IMAGE to
  `manylinux2014`.
 - ✨ Add support for [Linux on Appveyor](https://www.appveyor.com/blog/2018/03/06/appveyor-for-linux/) (#204, #207)
 - ✨ Add `CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND` env variable, for changing how
  `auditwheel` or `delocate` are invoked, or testing an equivalent on
  Windows. (#211)
 - 📚 Added some travis example configs - these are available in /examples. (#228)
 ### 1.0.0
 _10 November 2019_
 - 🌟 Add support for building Python 3.8 wheels! (#180)
 - 🌟 Add support for building manylinux2010 wheels. cibuildwheel will now
  build using the manylinux2010 images by default. If your project is still
  manylinux1 compatible, you should get both manylinux1 and manylinux2010
  wheels - you can upload both to PyPI. If you always require manylinux1 wheels, you can
  build using the old manylinux1 image using the [manylinux image](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#manylinux-image) option.
  (#155)
 - 📚 Documentation is now on its [own mini-site](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io),
   rather than on the README (#169)
 - ✨ Add support for building Windows wheels on Travis CI. (#160)
 - 🛠 If you set `CIBW_TEST_COMMAND`, your tests now run in a virtualenv. (#164)
 - 🛠 Windows now uses Python as installed by nuget, rather than the versions
  installed by the various CI providers. (#180)
 - 🛠 Update Python from 2.7.16 to 2.7.17 and 3.7.4 to 3.7.5 on macOS (#171)
 - ⚠️ Removed support for Python 3.4 (#168)
 ### 0.12.0
 _29 September 2019_
 - ✨ Add CIBW_TEST_EXTRAS option, to allow testing using extra_require
  options. For example, set `CIBW_TEST_EXTRAS=test,qt` to make the wheel
  installed with `pip install <wheel_file>[test,qt]`
 - 🛠 Update Python from 3.7.2 to 3.7.4 on macOS
 - 🛠 Update OpenSSL patch to 1.0.2t on macOS
 ### 0.11.1
 _28 May 2019_
 - 🐛 Fix missing file in the release tarball, that was causing problems with
  Windows builds (#141)
 ### 0.11.0
 _26 May 2019_
 - 🌟 Add support for building on Azure pipelines! This lets you build all
  Linux, Mac and Windows wheels on one service, so it promises to be the
  easiest to set up! Check out the quickstart in the docs, or
  [cibuildwheel-azure-example](https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel-azure-example)
  for an example project. (#126, #132)
 - 🛠 Internal change - the end-to-end test projects format was updated, so we
  can more precisely assert what should be produced for each one. (#136, #137).
 ### 0.10.2
 _10 March 2019_
 - 🛠 Revert temporary fix in macOS, that was working around a bug in pip 19 (#129)
 - 🛠 Update Python to 2.7.16 on macOS
 - 🛠 Update OpenSSL patch to 1.0.2r on macOS
 ### 0.10.1
 _3 February 2019_
 - 🐛 Fix build stalling on macOS (that was introduced in pip 19) (#122)
 - 🐛 Fix "AttributeError: 'Popen' object has no attribute 'args'" on Python 2.7 for Linux builds (#108)
 - 🛠 Update Python from 3.6.7, 3.7.1 to 3.6.8, 3.7.2 on macOS
 - 🛠 Update openssl patch from 1.0.2p to 1.0.2q on macOS
 - 🛠 Sorting build options dict items when printing preamble (#114)
 ### 0.10.0
 _23 September 2018_
 - 🌟 Add `CIBW_BUILD` option, for specifying which specific builds to perform (#101)
 - 🌟 Add support for building Mac and Linux on CircleCI (#91, #97)
 - 🛠 Improved support for building universal wheels (#95)
 - 🛠 Ensure log output is unbuffered and therefore in the correct order (#92)
 - 🛠 Improved error reporting for errors that occur inside a package's setup.py (#88)
 - ⚠️ Removed support for Python 3.3 on Windows.
 ### 0.9.4
 _29 July 2018_
 - 🛠 CIBW_TEST_COMMAND now runs in a shell on Mac (as well as Linux) (#81)
 ### 0.9.3
 _10 July 2018_
 - 🛠 Update to Python 3.6.6 on macOS (#82)
 - ✨ Add support for building Python 3.7 wheels on Windows (#76)
 - ⚠️ Deprecated support for Python 3.3 on Windows.
 ### 0.9.2
 _1 July 2018_
 - 🛠  Update Python 3.7.0rc1 to 3.7.0 on macOS (#79)
 ### 0.9.1
 _18 June 2018_
 - 🛠 Removed the need to use `{python}` and `{pip}` in `CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD` statements, by ensuring the correct version is always on the path at `python` and `pip` instead. (#60)
 - 🛠 We now patch the _ssl module on Python 3.4 and 3.5 so these versions can still make SSL web requests using TLS 1.2 while building. (#71)
 ### 0.9.0
 _18 June 2018_
 - ✨ Add support for Python 3.7 (#73)
 ### 0.8.0
 _4 May 2018_
 - ⚠️ Drop support for Python 3.3 on Linux (#67)
 - 🐛 Fix TLS by updating setuptools (#69)
 ### 0.7.1
 _2 April 2017_
 - 🐛 macOS: Fix Pip bugs resulting from PyPI TLS 1.2 enforcement
 - 🐛 macOS: Fix brew Python3 version problems in the CI
 ### 0.7.0
 _7 January 2018_
 - ✨ You can now specify a custom docker image using the `CIBW_MANYLINUX1_X86_64_IMAGE` and `CIBW_MANYLINUX1_I686_IMAGE` options. (#46)
 - 🐛 Fixed a bug where cibuildwheel would download and build a package from PyPI(!) instead of building the package on the local machine. (#51)
 ### 0.6.0
 _9 October 2017_
 - ✨ On the Linux build, the host filesystem is now accessible via `/host` (#36)
 - 🐛 Fixed a bug where setup.py scripts would run the wrong version of Python when running subprocesses on Linux (#35)
 ### 0.5.1
 _10 September 2017_
 - 🐛 Fixed a couple of bugs on Python 3.
 - ✨ Added experimental support for Mac builds on [Bitrise.io](https://www.bitrise.io)
 ### 0.5.0
 _7 September 2017_
 - ✨ `CIBW_ENVIRONMENT` added. You can now set environment variables for each build, even within the Docker container on Linux. This is a big one! (#21)
 - ✨ `CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD` now runs in a system shell on all platforms. You can now do things like `CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD="cmd1 && cmd2"`. (#32)
 ### 0.4.1
 _14 August 2017_
 - 🐛 Fixed a bug on Windows where subprocess' output was hidden (#23)
 - 🐛 Fixed a bug on AppVeyor where logs would appear in the wrong order due to output buffering (#24, thanks @YannickJadoul!)
 ### 0.4.0
 _23 July 2017_
 - 🐛 Fixed a bug that was increasing the build time by building the wheel twice. This was a problem for large projects that have a long build time. If you're upgrading and you need the old behaviour, use `CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD={pip} install .`, or install exactly the dependencies you need in `CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD`. See #18.
 ### 0.3.0
 _27 June 2017_
 - ⚠️ Removed Python 2.6 support on Linux (#12)
 ### 0.2.1
 _11 June 2017_
 - 🛠 Changed the build process to install the package before building the wheel - this allows direct dependencies to be installed first (#9, thanks @tgarc!)
 - ✨ Added Python 3 support for the main process, for systems where Python 3 is the default (#8, thanks @tgarc).
 ### 0.2.0
 _13 April 2017_
 - ✨ Added `CIBW_SKIP` option, letting users explicitly skip a build
 - ✨ Added `CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD` option, letting users run a shell command before the build starts
 ### 0.1.3
 _31 March 2017_
 - 🌟 First public release!
 <!--changelog-end-->
 Contributing
 ============
@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@ runs:
  using: composite
  steps:
-    # This needs powershell-core because github.action path is a Windows-style
+    # Redirecting stderr to stdout to fix interleaving issue in Actions.
    # path on Windows.  Powershell-core understands both types of paths.
    - run: >
        pipx run
-        --spec ${{ github.action_path }}
+        --spec '${{ github.action_path }}'
        cibuildwheel
        ${{ inputs.package-dir }}
        --output-dir ${{ inputs.output-dir }}
-      shell: pwsh
+        2>&1
      shell: bash
@@ -136,6 +136,25 @@ def bump_version() -> None:
    while input('Type "done" to continue: ').strip().lower() != "done":
        pass
    # run pre-commit to update the README changelog
    subprocess.run(
        [
            "pre-commit",
            "run",
            "--files=docs/changelog.md",
        ]
    )
    # run pre-commit to check that no errors occurred on the second run
    subprocess.run(
        [
            "pre-commit",
            "run",
            "--files=docs/changelog.md",
        ],
        check=True,
    )
    subprocess.run(
        [
            "git",
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ Convert a yaml project list into a nice table.
 Suggested usage:
-    ./bin/projects.py docs/data/projects.yml --online --auth $GITHUB_API_TOKEN --readme README.md
+    ./bin/projects.py docs/data/projects.yml --online --auth $GITHUB_API_TOKEN
    git diff
 """
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ class Project:
                print(f"Broken: {self.stars_repo}")
                raise
-            self.num_stars = repo.stargazers_count
+            self.num_stars: int = repo.stargazers_count
            self.pushed_at = repo.pushed_at
            if not self.notes:
                notes = repo.description
@@ -139,28 +139,35 @@ def fetch_icon(icon_name: str) -> None:
        f.write(svgElement.toxml())
-def path_for_icon(icon_name: str) -> Path:
+def path_for_icon(icon_name: str, relative_to: Path | None = None) -> Path:
-    return Path(".") / "docs" / "data" / "readme_icons" / f"{icon_name}.svg"
+    from_path = Path.cwd() if relative_to is None else relative_to.parent
    absolute_path = PROJECT_ROOT / "docs" / "data" / "readme_icons" / f"{icon_name}.svg"
    return absolute_path.resolve().relative_to(from_path.resolve())
-def str_projects(
+def get_projects(
    config: list[dict[str, Any]],
    *,
    online: bool = True,
    auth: str | None = None,
-) -> str:
+) -> list[Project]:
    io = StringIO()
    print = functools.partial(builtins.print, file=io)
    if online:
        for icon in ICONS:
            fetch_icon(icon)
    github = Github(auth) if online else None
-    projects = sorted((Project(item, github) for item in config), reverse=online)
+    return sorted((Project(item, github) for item in config), reverse=online)
 def render_projects(projects: list[Project], *, dest_path: Path, include_info: bool = True):
    io = StringIO()
    print = functools.partial(builtins.print, file=io)
    print(Project.header())
    for project in projects:
        print(project.table_row())
@@ -170,42 +177,73 @@ def str_projects(
    print()
    for icon in ICONS:
-        print(f"[{icon} icon]: {path_for_icon(icon).as_posix()}")
+        print(f"[{icon} icon]: {path_for_icon(icon, relative_to=dest_path).as_posix()}")
-    print()
+    if include_info:
-    for project in projects:
+        print()
-        print(project.info())
+        for project in projects:
            print(project.info())
    return io.getvalue()
-@click.command(help="Try ./bin/projects.py docs/data/projects.yml --readme README.md")
+def insert_projects_table(
    file: Path,
    *,
    projects: list[Project],
    input_filename: str,
    include_info: bool = True,
 ):
    text = file.read_text()
    projects_table = render_projects(projects, include_info=include_info, dest_path=file)
    start_str = "<!-- START bin/projects.py -->\n"
    start = text.find(start_str)
    assert start != -1
    end = text.find("<!-- END bin/projects.py -->\n")
    assert end != -1
    generated_note = f"<!-- this section is generated by bin/projects.py. Don't edit it directly, instead, edit {input_filename} -->"
    new_text = (
        f"{text[:start + len(start_str)]}\n{generated_note}\n\n{projects_table}\n{text[end:]}"
    )
    file.write_text(new_text)
 PROJECT_ROOT = Path(__file__).parent / ".."
 README_FILE = PROJECT_ROOT / "README.md"
 DOCS_PAGE = PROJECT_ROOT / "docs" / "working-examples.md"
@click.command(help="Try ./bin/projects.py docs/data/projects.yml")
@click.argument("input", type=click.File("r"))
@click.option("--online/--no-online", default=True, help="Get info from GitHub")
@click.option("--auth", help="GitHub authentication token")
-@click.option("--readme", type=click.File("r+"), help="Modify a readme file if given")
+@click.option(
    "--dry-run", default=False, help="Print the output, rather than writing it to files in the repo"
 )
 def projects(
    input: TextIO,
    online: bool,
    auth: str | None,
-    readme: TextIO | None,
+    dry_run: bool,
 ) -> None:
    config = yaml.safe_load(input)
-    output = str_projects(config, online=online, auth=auth)
+    projects = get_projects(config, online=online, auth=auth)
-    if readme is None:
+    if dry_run:
        output = render_projects(projects, dest_path=README_FILE)
        print(output)
    else:
-        text = readme.read()
+        insert_projects_table(
-        start_str = "<!-- START bin/projects.py -->\n"
+            README_FILE, projects=projects[:10], input_filename=input.name, include_info=False
-        start = text.find(start_str)
+        )
-        end = text.find("<!-- END bin/projects.py -->\n")
+        insert_projects_table(
-        generated_note = f"<!-- this section is generated by bin/projects.py. Don't edit it directly, instead, edit {input.name} -->"
+            DOCS_PAGE, projects=projects, input_filename=input.name, include_info=True
-        new_text = f"{text[:start + len(start_str)]}\n{generated_note}\n\n{output}\n{text[end:]}"
+        )
        readme.seek(0)
        readme.write(new_text)
        readme.truncate()
 if __name__ == "__main__":
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import copy
 import difflib
 import logging
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any, Iterable, Union, cast
+from typing import Any, Union
 import click
 import requests
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ class WindowsVersions:
        # Specifier.filter selects all non pre-releases that match the spec,
        # unless there are only pre-releases, then it selects pre-releases
        # instead (like pip)
-        unsorted_versions = cast(Iterable[Version], spec.filter(self.version_dict))
+        unsorted_versions = spec.filter(self.version_dict)
        versions = sorted(unsorted_versions, reverse=True)
        log.debug(f"Windows {self.arch} {spec} has {', '.join(str(v) for v in versions)}")
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ class PyPyVersions:
        self.arch = arch_str
    def get_arch_file(self, release: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
-        urls = [
+        urls: list[str] = [
            rf["download_url"]
            for rf in release["files"]
            if "" in rf["platform"] == f"win{self.arch}"
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ class PyPyVersions:
    def update_version_windows(self, spec: Specifier) -> ConfigWinCP:
        releases = [r for r in self.releases if spec.contains(r["python_version"])]
-        releases = sorted(releases, key=lambda r: r["pypy_version"])
+        releases = sorted(releases, key=lambda r: r["pypy_version"])  # type: ignore
        releases = [r for r in releases if self.get_arch_file(r)]
        if not releases:
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ class PyPyVersions:
            raise RuntimeError("Other archs not supported yet on macOS")
        releases = [r for r in self.releases if spec.contains(r["python_version"])]
-        releases = sorted(releases, key=lambda r: r["pypy_version"])
+        releases = sorted(releases, key=lambda r: r["pypy_version"])  # type: ignore
        if not releases:
            raise RuntimeError(f"PyPy macOS {self.arch} not found for {spec}!")
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ class CPythonVersions:
    ) -> ConfigMacOS | None:
        # see note above on Specifier.filter
-        unsorted_versions = cast(Iterable[Version], spec.filter(self.versions_dict))
+        unsorted_versions = spec.filter(self.versions_dict)
        sorted_versions = sorted(unsorted_versions, reverse=True)
        if version <= Version("3.8.9999"):
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 import re
 import sys
 from pathlib import Path
 PROJECT_ROOT = Path(__file__).parent / ".."
 CHANGELOG_FILE = PROJECT_ROOT / "docs" / "changelog.md"
 README_FILE = PROJECT_ROOT / "README.md"
 # https://regexr.com/622ds
 FIRST_5_CHANGELOG_ENTRIES_REGEX = re.compile(r"""(^###.*?(?=###)){5}""", re.DOTALL | re.MULTILINE)
 # https://regexr.com/622e5
 README_CHANGELOG_SECTION = re.compile(
    r"""(?<=<!-- START bin\/update_readme_changelog.py -->\n).*(?=<!-- END bin\/update_readme_changelog.py -->)""",
    re.DOTALL,
 )
 def main():
    changelog_text = CHANGELOG_FILE.read_text()
    readme_text = README_FILE.read_text()
    mini_changelog_match = FIRST_5_CHANGELOG_ENTRIES_REGEX.search(changelog_text)
    assert mini_changelog_match, "Failed to find the first few changelog entries"
    mini_changelog = "\n".join(
        [
            "",
            "<!-- this section was generated by bin/update_readme_changelog.py -- do not edit manually -->",
            "",
            mini_changelog_match.group(0).strip(),
            "",
            "",
        ]
    )
    if not re.search(README_CHANGELOG_SECTION, readme_text):
        sys.exit("Changelog section not found in README")
    readme_text = re.sub(README_CHANGELOG_SECTION, mini_changelog, readme_text)
    README_FILE.write_text(readme_text)
 if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
@@ -1 +1 @@
-__version__ = "2.0.0a2"
+__version__ = "2.1.3"
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import textwrap
 import traceback
 from configparser import ConfigParser
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Set, Union, overload
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Set, Union
 from packaging.specifiers import SpecifierSet
@@ -16,9 +16,11 @@ import cibuildwheel.util
 import cibuildwheel.windows
 from cibuildwheel.architecture import Architecture, allowed_architectures_check
 from cibuildwheel.environment import EnvironmentParseError, parse_environment
 from cibuildwheel.options import ConfigOptions
 from cibuildwheel.projectfiles import get_requires_python_str
 from cibuildwheel.typing import PLATFORMS, PlatformName, assert_never
 from cibuildwheel.util import (
    BuildFrontend,
    BuildOptions,
    BuildSelector,
    DependencyConstraints,
@@ -28,39 +30,16 @@ from cibuildwheel.util import (
    resources_dir,
 )
-
+MANYLINUX_ARCHS = (
-@overload
+    "x86_64",
-def get_option_from_environment(
+    "i686",
-    option_name: str, *, platform: Optional[str] = None, default: str
+    "pypy_x86_64",
-) -> str:
+    "aarch64",
-    ...  # noqa: E704
+    "ppc64le",
-
+    "s390x",
-
+    "pypy_aarch64",
-@overload
+    "pypy_i686",
-def get_option_from_environment(
+)
    option_name: str, *, platform: Optional[str] = None, default: None = None
 ) -> Optional[str]:
    ...  # noqa: E704 E302
 def get_option_from_environment(
    option_name: str, *, platform: Optional[str] = None, default: Optional[str] = None
 ) -> Optional[str]:  # noqa: E302
    """
    Returns an option from the environment, optionally scoped by the platform.
    Example:
      get_option_from_environment('CIBW_COLOR', platform='macos')
      This will return the value of CIBW_COLOR_MACOS if it exists, otherwise the value of
      CIBW_COLOR.
    """
    if platform:
        option = os.environ.get(f"{option_name}_{platform.upper()}")
        if option is not None:
            return option
    return os.environ.get(option_name, default)
 def main() -> None:
@@ -69,8 +48,9 @@ def main() -> None:
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
        description="Build wheels for all the platforms.",
        epilog="""
-            Most options are supplied via environment variables.
+            Most options are supplied via environment variables or in
-            See https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel#options for info.
+            --config-file (pyproject.toml usually). See
            https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel#options for info.
        """,
    )
@@ -104,10 +84,17 @@ def main() -> None:
    parser.add_argument(
        "--output-dir",
        default=os.environ.get("CIBW_OUTPUT_DIR", "wheelhouse"),
        help="Destination folder for the wheels.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--config-file",
        help="""
            TOML config file for cibuildwheel. Defaults to pyproject.toml, but
            can be overridden with this option.
        """,
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "package_dir",
        default=".",
@@ -176,53 +163,64 @@ def main() -> None:
        sys.exit(2)
    package_dir = Path(args.package_dir)
    output_dir = Path(args.output_dir)
-    if platform == "linux":
+    manylinux_identifiers = {
-        repair_command_default = "auditwheel repair -w {dest_dir} {wheel}"
+        f"manylinux-{build_platform}-image" for build_platform in MANYLINUX_ARCHS
-    elif platform == "macos":
+    }
-        repair_command_default = "delocate-listdeps {wheel} && delocate-wheel --require-archs {delocate_archs} -w {dest_dir} {wheel}"
+    disallow = {
-    elif platform == "windows":
+        "linux": {"dependency-versions"},
-        repair_command_default = ""
+        "macos": manylinux_identifiers,
-    else:
+        "windows": manylinux_identifiers,
-        assert_never(platform)
+    }
    options = ConfigOptions(package_dir, args.config_file, platform=platform, disallow=disallow)
    output_dir = Path(
        args.output_dir
        if args.output_dir is not None
        else os.environ.get("CIBW_OUTPUT_DIR", "wheelhouse")
    )
    build_config = options("build", env_plat=False, sep=" ") or "*"
    skip_config = options("skip", env_plat=False, sep=" ")
    test_skip = options("test-skip", env_plat=False, sep=" ")
    archs_config_str = args.archs or options("archs", sep=" ")
    build_frontend_str = options("build-frontend", env_plat=False)
    environment_config = options("environment", table={"item": '{k}="{v}"', "sep": " "})
    before_all = options("before-all", sep=" && ")
    before_build = options("before-build", sep=" && ")
    repair_command = options("repair-wheel-command", sep=" && ")
    dependency_versions = options("dependency-versions")
    test_command = options("test-command", sep=" && ")
    before_test = options("before-test", sep=" && ")
    test_requires = options("test-requires", sep=" ").split()
    test_extras = options("test-extras", sep=",")
    build_verbosity_str = options("build-verbosity")
    build_config = os.environ.get("CIBW_BUILD") or "*"
    skip_config = os.environ.get("CIBW_SKIP", "")
    test_skip = os.environ.get("CIBW_TEST_SKIP", "")
    environment_config = get_option_from_environment(
        "CIBW_ENVIRONMENT", platform=platform, default=""
    )
    before_all = get_option_from_environment("CIBW_BEFORE_ALL", platform=platform, default="")
    before_build = get_option_from_environment("CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD", platform=platform)
    repair_command = get_option_from_environment(
        "CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND", platform=platform, default=repair_command_default
    )
    dependency_versions = get_option_from_environment(
        "CIBW_DEPENDENCY_VERSIONS", platform=platform, default="pinned"
    )
    test_command = get_option_from_environment("CIBW_TEST_COMMAND", platform=platform)
    before_test = get_option_from_environment("CIBW_BEFORE_TEST", platform=platform)
    test_requires = get_option_from_environment(
        "CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES", platform=platform, default=""
    ).split()
    test_extras = get_option_from_environment("CIBW_TEST_EXTRAS", platform=platform, default="")
    build_verbosity_str = get_option_from_environment(
        "CIBW_BUILD_VERBOSITY", platform=platform, default=""
    )
    prerelease_pythons = args.prerelease_pythons or cibuildwheel.util.strtobool(
        os.environ.get("CIBW_PRERELEASE_PYTHONS", "0")
    )
    build_frontend: BuildFrontend
    if build_frontend_str == "build":
        build_frontend = "build"
    elif build_frontend_str == "pip":
        build_frontend = "pip"
    else:
        msg = f"cibuildwheel: Unrecognised build frontend '{build_frontend}', only 'pip' and 'build' are supported"
        print(msg, file=sys.stderr)
        sys.exit(2)
    package_files = {"setup.py", "setup.cfg", "pyproject.toml"}
    if not any(package_dir.joinpath(name).exists() for name in package_files):
        names = ", ".join(sorted(package_files, reverse=True))
-        print(
+        msg = f"cibuildwheel: Could not find any of {{{names}}} at root of package"
-            f"cibuildwheel: Could not find any of {{{names}}} at root of package", file=sys.stderr
+        print(msg, file=sys.stderr)
        )
        sys.exit(2)
    # This is not supported in tool.cibuildwheel, as it comes from a standard location.
    # Passing this in as an environment variable will override pyproject.toml, setup.cfg, or setup.py
    requires_python_str: Optional[str] = os.environ.get(
        "CIBW_PROJECT_REQUIRES_PYTHON"
@@ -270,13 +268,6 @@ def main() -> None:
    # This needs to be passed on to the docker container in linux.py
    os.environ["CIBUILDWHEEL"] = "1"
    if args.archs is not None:
        archs_config_str = args.archs
    else:
        archs_config_str = get_option_from_environment(
            "CIBW_ARCHS", platform=platform, default="auto"
        )
    archs = Architecture.parse_config(archs_config_str, platform=platform)
    identifiers = get_build_identifiers(platform, build_selector, archs)
@@ -286,7 +277,7 @@ def main() -> None:
            print(identifier)
        sys.exit(0)
-    manylinux_images: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None
+    manylinux_images: Dict[str, str] = {}
    if platform == "linux":
        pinned_docker_images_file = resources_dir / "pinned_docker_images.cfg"
        all_pinned_docker_images = ConfigParser()
@@ -297,22 +288,10 @@ def main() -> None:
        #   'pypy_x86_64': {'manylinux2010': '...' }
        #   ... }
-        manylinux_images = {}
+        for build_platform in MANYLINUX_ARCHS:
        for build_platform in [
            "x86_64",
            "i686",
            "pypy_x86_64",
            "aarch64",
            "ppc64le",
            "s390x",
            "pypy_aarch64",
            "pypy_i686",
        ]:
            pinned_images = all_pinned_docker_images[build_platform]
-            config_name = f"CIBW_MANYLINUX_{build_platform.upper()}_IMAGE"
+            config_value = options(f"manylinux-{build_platform}-image")
            config_value = os.environ.get(config_name)
            if config_value is None:
                # default to manylinux2010 if it's available, otherwise manylinux2014
@@ -340,7 +319,8 @@ def main() -> None:
        repair_command=repair_command,
        environment=environment,
        dependency_constraints=dependency_constraints,
-        manylinux_images=manylinux_images,
+        manylinux_images=manylinux_images or None,
        build_frontend=build_frontend,
    )
    # Python is buffering by default when running on the CI platforms, giving problems interleaving subprocess call output with unflushed calls to 'print'
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ from typing import List, NamedTuple, Set
 from .architecture import Architecture
 from .docker_container import DockerContainer
 from .logger import log
-from .typing import PathOrStr
+from .typing import PathOrStr, assert_never
 from .util import (
    BuildOptions,
    BuildSelector,
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ def build(options: BuildOptions) -> None:
                        env, executor=docker.environment_executor
                    )
-                    # check config python and pip are still on PATH
+                    # check config python is still on PATH
                    which_python = docker.call(
                        ["which", "python"], env=env, capture_output=True
                    ).strip()
@@ -180,18 +180,38 @@ def build(options: BuildOptions) -> None:
                    docker.call(["rm", "-rf", built_wheel_dir])
                    docker.call(["mkdir", "-p", built_wheel_dir])
-                    docker.call(
+                    verbosity_flags = get_build_verbosity_extra_flags(options.build_verbosity)
-                        [
+
-                            "pip",
+                    if options.build_frontend == "pip":
-                            "wheel",
+                        docker.call(
-                            container_package_dir,
+                            [
-                            "--wheel-dir",
+                                "python",
-                            built_wheel_dir,
+                                "-m",
-                            "--no-deps",
+                                "pip",
-                            *get_build_verbosity_extra_flags(options.build_verbosity),
+                                "wheel",
-                        ],
+                                container_package_dir,
-                        env=env,
+                                f"--wheel-dir={built_wheel_dir}",
-                    )
+                                "--no-deps",
                                *verbosity_flags,
                            ],
                            env=env,
                        )
                    elif options.build_frontend == "build":
                        config_setting = " ".join(verbosity_flags)
                        docker.call(
                            [
                                "python",
                                "-m",
                                "build",
                                container_package_dir,
                                "--wheel",
                                f"--outdir={built_wheel_dir}",
                                f"--config-setting={config_setting}",
                            ],
                            env=env,
                        )
                    else:
                        assert_never(options.build_frontend)
                    built_wheel = docker.glob(built_wheel_dir, "*.whl")[0]
@@ -286,15 +306,27 @@ def build(options: BuildOptions) -> None:
            log.step_end_with_error(
                f"Command {error.cmd} failed with code {error.returncode}. {error.stdout}"
            )
-            troubleshoot(options.package_dir, error)
+            troubleshoot(options, error)
            sys.exit(1)
-def troubleshoot(package_dir: Path, error: Exception) -> None:
+def _matches_prepared_command(error_cmd: List[str], command_template: str) -> bool:
-    if isinstance(error, subprocess.CalledProcessError) and error.cmd[0:2] == ["pip", "wheel"]:
+    if len(error_cmd) < 3 or error_cmd[0:2] != ["sh", "-c"]:
-        # the 'pip wheel' step failed.
+        return False
    command_prefix = command_template.split("{", maxsplit=1)[0].strip()
    return error_cmd[2].startswith(command_prefix)
 def troubleshoot(options: BuildOptions, error: Exception) -> None:
    if isinstance(error, subprocess.CalledProcessError) and (
        error.cmd[0:4] == ["python", "-m", "pip", "wheel"]
        or error.cmd[0:3] == ["python", "-m", "build"]
        or _matches_prepared_command(error.cmd, options.repair_command)
    ):
        # the wheel build step failed
        print("Checking for common errors...")
-        so_files = list(package_dir.glob("**/*.so"))
+        so_files = list(options.package_dir.glob("**/*.so"))
        if so_files:
            print(
@@ -303,10 +335,17 @@ def troubleshoot(package_dir: Path, error: Exception) -> None:
                    NOTE: Shared object (.so) files found in this project.
                    These files might be built against the wrong OS, causing problems with
-                    auditwheel.
+                    auditwheel. If possible, run cibuildwheel in a clean checkout.
                    If you're using Cython and have previously done an in-place build,
                    remove those build files (*.so and *.c) before starting cibuildwheel.
                    setuptools uses the build/ folder to store its build cache. It
                    may be necessary to remove those build files (*.so and *.o) before
                    starting cibuildwheel.
                    Files that belong to a virtual environment are probably not an issue
                    unless you used a custom command telling cibuildwheel to activate it.
                    """
                ),
                file=sys.stderr,
@@ -12,13 +12,15 @@ from typing import Any, Dict, List, NamedTuple, Optional, Sequence, Set, Tuple,
 from .architecture import Architecture
 from .environment import ParsedEnvironment
 from .logger import log
-from .typing import Literal, PathOrStr
+from .typing import Literal, PathOrStr, assert_never
 from .util import (
    BuildFrontend,
    BuildOptions,
    BuildSelector,
    NonPlatformWheelError,
    download,
    get_build_verbosity_extra_flags,
    get_pip_version,
    install_certifi_script,
    prepare_command,
    read_python_configs,
@@ -178,7 +180,9 @@ def setup_python(
    python_configuration: PythonConfiguration,
    dependency_constraint_flags: Sequence[PathOrStr],
    environment: ParsedEnvironment,
    build_frontend: BuildFrontend,
 ) -> Dict[str, str]:
    implementation_id = python_configuration.identifier.split("-")[0]
    log.step(f"Installing Python {implementation_id}...")
@@ -308,18 +312,33 @@ def setup_python(
            env.setdefault("SDKROOT", arm64_compatible_sdks[0])
    log.step("Installing build tools...")
-    call(
+    if build_frontend == "pip":
-        [
+        call(
-            "pip",
+            [
-            "install",
+                "pip",
-            "--upgrade",
+                "install",
-            "setuptools",
+                "--upgrade",
-            "wheel",
+                "setuptools",
-            "delocate",
+                "wheel",
-            *dependency_constraint_flags,
+                "delocate",
-        ],
+                *dependency_constraint_flags,
-        env=env,
+            ],
-    )
+            env=env,
        )
    elif build_frontend == "build":
        call(
            [
                "pip",
                "install",
                "--upgrade",
                "delocate",
                "build[virtualenv]",
                *dependency_constraint_flags,
            ],
            env=env,
        )
    else:
        assert_never(build_frontend)
    return env
@@ -356,7 +375,12 @@ def build(options: BuildOptions) -> None:
                    options.dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version(config.version),
                ]
-            env = setup_python(config, dependency_constraint_flags, options.environment)
+            env = setup_python(
                config,
                dependency_constraint_flags,
                options.environment,
                options.build_frontend,
            )
            if options.before_build:
                log.step("Running before_build...")
@@ -370,20 +394,45 @@ def build(options: BuildOptions) -> None:
                shutil.rmtree(built_wheel_dir)
            built_wheel_dir.mkdir(parents=True)
-            # Path.resolve() is needed. Without it pip wheel may try to fetch package from pypi.org
+            verbosity_flags = get_build_verbosity_extra_flags(options.build_verbosity)
-            # see https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/pull/369
+
-            call(
+            if options.build_frontend == "pip":
-                [
+                # Path.resolve() is needed. Without it pip wheel may try to fetch package from pypi.org
-                    "pip",
+                # see https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/pull/369
-                    "wheel",
+                call(
-                    options.package_dir.resolve(),
+                    [
-                    "--wheel-dir",
+                        "python",
-                    built_wheel_dir,
+                        "-m",
-                    "--no-deps",
+                        "pip",
-                    *get_build_verbosity_extra_flags(options.build_verbosity),
+                        "wheel",
-                ],
+                        options.package_dir.resolve(),
-                env=env,
+                        f"--wheel-dir={built_wheel_dir}",
-            )
+                        "--no-deps",
                        *verbosity_flags,
                    ],
                    env=env,
                )
            elif options.build_frontend == "build":
                config_setting = " ".join(verbosity_flags)
                build_env = env.copy()
                if options.dependency_constraints:
                    constr = options.dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version(config.version)
                    build_env["PIP_CONSTRAINT"] = constr.as_uri()
                build_env["VIRTUALENV_PIP"] = get_pip_version(env)
                call(
                    [
                        "python",
                        "-m",
                        "build",
                        options.package_dir,
                        "--wheel",
                        f"--outdir={built_wheel_dir}",
                        f"--config-setting={config_setting}",
                    ],
                    env=build_env,
                )
            else:
                assert_never(options.build_frontend)
            built_wheel = next(built_wheel_dir.glob("*.whl"))
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
 import os
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, Mapping, Optional, Set, Tuple, Union
 import toml
 from .typing import PLATFORMS, TypedDict
 from .util import resources_dir
 Setting = Union[Dict[str, str], List[str], str]
 class TableFmt(TypedDict):
    item: str
    sep: str
 class ConfigOptionError(KeyError):
    pass
 def _dig_first(*pairs: Tuple[Mapping[str, Any], str]) -> Setting:
    """
    Return the first dict item that matches from pairs of dicts and keys.
    Final result is will throw a KeyError if missing.
    _dig_first((dict1, "key1"), (dict2, "key2"), ...)
    """
    (dict_like, key), *others = pairs
    return dict_like.get(key, _dig_first(*others)) if others else dict_like[key]
 class ConfigOptions:
    """
    Gets options from the environment, config or defaults, optionally scoped
    by the platform.
    Example:
      >>> options = ConfigOptions(package_dir, platform='macos')
      >>> options('cool-color')
      This will return the value of CIBW_COOL_COLOR_MACOS if it exists,
      otherwise the value of CIBW_COOL_COLOR, otherwise
      'tool.cibuildwheel.macos.cool-color' or 'tool.cibuildwheel.cool-color'
      from pyproject.toml, or from cibuildwheel/resources/defaults.toml. An
      error is thrown if there are any unexpected keys or sections in
      tool.cibuildwheel.
    """
    def __init__(
        self,
        package_path: Path,
        config_file: Optional[str] = None,
        *,
        platform: str,
        disallow: Optional[Dict[str, Set[str]]] = None,
    ) -> None:
        self.platform = platform
        self.disallow = disallow or {}
        # Open defaults.toml, loading both global and platform sections
        defaults_path = resources_dir / "defaults.toml"
        self.default_options, self.default_platform_options = self._load_file(defaults_path)
        # load the project config file
        config_options: Dict[str, Any] = {}
        config_platform_options: Dict[str, Any] = {}
        if config_file is not None:
            config_path = Path(config_file.format(package=package_path))
            config_options, config_platform_options = self._load_file(config_path)
        else:
            # load pyproject.toml, if it's available
            pyproject_toml_path = package_path / "pyproject.toml"
            if pyproject_toml_path.exists():
                config_options, config_platform_options = self._load_file(pyproject_toml_path)
        # validate project config
        for option_name in config_options:
            if not self._is_valid_global_option(option_name):
                raise ConfigOptionError(f'Option "{option_name}" not supported in a config file')
        for option_name in config_platform_options:
            if not self._is_valid_platform_option(option_name):
                raise ConfigOptionError(
                    f'Option "{option_name}" not supported in the "{self.platform}" section'
                )
        self.config_options = config_options
        self.config_platform_options = config_platform_options
    def _is_valid_global_option(self, name: str) -> bool:
        """
        Returns True if an option with this name is allowed in the
        [tool.cibuildwheel] section of a config file.
        """
        allowed_option_names = self.default_options.keys() | PLATFORMS
        return name in allowed_option_names
    def _is_valid_platform_option(self, name: str) -> bool:
        """
        Returns True if an option with this name is allowed in the
        [tool.cibuildwheel.<current-platform>] section of a config file.
        """
        disallowed_platform_options = self.disallow.get(self.platform, set())
        if name in disallowed_platform_options:
            return False
        allowed_option_names = self.default_options.keys() | self.default_platform_options.keys()
        return name in allowed_option_names
    def _load_file(self, filename: Path) -> Tuple[Dict[str, Any], Dict[str, Any]]:
        """
        Load a toml file, returns global and platform as separate dicts.
        """
        config = toml.load(filename)
        global_options = config.get("tool", {}).get("cibuildwheel", {})
        platform_options = global_options.get(self.platform, {})
        return global_options, platform_options
    def __call__(
        self,
        name: str,
        *,
        env_plat: bool = True,
        sep: Optional[str] = None,
        table: Optional[TableFmt] = None,
    ) -> str:
        """
        Get and return the value for the named option from environment,
        configuration file, or the default. If env_plat is False, then don't
        accept platform versions of the environment variable. If this is an
        array it will be merged with "sep" before returning. If it is a table,
        it will be formatted with "table['item']" using {k} and {v} and merged
        with "table['sep']".
        """
        if name not in self.default_options and name not in self.default_platform_options:
            raise ConfigOptionError(f"{name} must be in cibuildwheel/resources/defaults.toml file")
        # Environment variable form
        envvar = f"CIBW_{name.upper().replace('-', '_')}"
        plat_envvar = f"{envvar}_{self.platform.upper()}"
        # get the option from the environment, then the config file, then finally the default.
        # platform-specific options are preferred, if they're allowed.
        result = _dig_first(
            (os.environ if env_plat else {}, plat_envvar),  # type: ignore
            (os.environ, envvar),
            (self.config_platform_options, name),
            (self.config_options, name),
            (self.default_platform_options, name),
            (self.default_options, name),
        )
        if isinstance(result, dict):
            if table is None:
                raise ConfigOptionError(f"{name} does not accept a table")
            return table["sep"].join(table["item"].format(k=k, v=v) for k, v in result.items())
        elif isinstance(result, list):
            if sep is None:
                raise ConfigOptionError(f"{name} does not accept a list")
            return sep.join(result)
        elif isinstance(result, int):
            return str(result)
        else:
            return result
@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ python_configurations = [
  { identifier = "cp38-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.8", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.10/python-3.8.10-macosx10.9.pkg" },
  { identifier = "cp38-macosx_arm64", version = "3.8", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.10/python-3.8.10-macosx10.9.pkg" },
  { identifier = "cp38-macosx_universal2", version = "3.8", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.10/python-3.8.10-macosx10.9.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp39-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.9", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.9.5/python-3.9.5-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp39-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.9", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.9.7/python-3.9.7-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp39-macosx_arm64", version = "3.9", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.9.5/python-3.9.5-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp39-macosx_arm64", version = "3.9", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.9.7/python-3.9.7-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp39-macosx_universal2", version = "3.9", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.9.5/python-3.9.5-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp39-macosx_universal2", version = "3.9", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.9.7/python-3.9.7-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp310-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.10", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.10.0/python-3.10.0b1-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp310-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.10", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.10.0/python-3.10.0-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp310-macosx_arm64", version = "3.10", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.10.0/python-3.10.0b1-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp310-macosx_arm64", version = "3.10", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.10.0/python-3.10.0-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp310-macosx_universal2", version = "3.10", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.10.0/python-3.10.0b1-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp310-macosx_universal2", version = "3.10", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.10.0/python-3.10.0-macos11.pkg" },
  { identifier = "pp37-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.7", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.7-v7.3.5-osx64.tar.bz2" },
 ]
@@ -54,9 +54,9 @@ python_configurations = [
  { identifier = "cp37-win_amd64", version = "3.7.9", arch = "64" },
  { identifier = "cp38-win32", version = "3.8.10", arch = "32" },
  { identifier = "cp38-win_amd64", version = "3.8.10", arch = "64" },
-  { identifier = "cp39-win32", version = "3.9.5", arch = "32" },
+  { identifier = "cp39-win32", version = "3.9.7", arch = "32" },
-  { identifier = "cp39-win_amd64", version = "3.9.5", arch = "64" },
+  { identifier = "cp39-win_amd64", version = "3.9.7", arch = "64" },
-  { identifier = "cp310-win32", version = "3.10.0-b1", arch = "32" },
+  { identifier = "cp310-win32", version = "3.10.0", arch = "32" },
-  { identifier = "cp310-win_amd64", version = "3.10.0-b1", arch = "64" },
+  { identifier = "cp310-win_amd64", version = "3.10.0", arch = "64" },
  { identifier = "pp37-win_amd64", version = "3.7", arch = "64", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.7-v7.3.5-win64.zip" },
 ]
@@ -1,38 +1,44 @@
 #
-# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with python 3.6
 # To update, run:
 #
 #    bin/update_dependencies.py
 #
-appdirs==1.4.4
+backports.entry-points-selectable==1.1.0
    # via virtualenv
-delocate==0.8.2
+delocate==0.10.0
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.3.1
+distlib==0.3.3
    # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.0.12
+filelock==3.3.0
    # via virtualenv
-importlib-metadata==4.0.1
+importlib-metadata==4.8.1
    # via
    #   backports.entry-points-selectable
    #   virtualenv
 importlib-resources==5.2.2
    # via virtualenv
-importlib-resources==5.1.3
+platformdirs==2.4.0
    # via virtualenv
 six==1.16.0
    # via virtualenv
-typing-extensions==3.10.0.0
+typing-extensions==3.10.0.2
-    # via importlib-metadata
+    # via
-virtualenv==20.4.6
+    #   delocate
    #   importlib-metadata
 virtualenv==20.8.1
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-wheel==0.36.2
+wheel==0.37.0
    # via
    #   -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
    #   delocate
-zipp==3.4.1
+zipp==3.6.0
    # via
    #   importlib-metadata
    #   importlib-resources
 # The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
-pip==21.1.1
+pip==21.2.4
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-setuptools==56.2.0
+setuptools==58.2.0
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
@@ -1,34 +1,40 @@
 #
-# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with python 3.7
 # To update, run:
 #
 #    bin/update_dependencies.py
 #
-appdirs==1.4.4
+backports.entry-points-selectable==1.1.0
    # via virtualenv
-delocate==0.8.2
+delocate==0.10.0
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.3.1
+distlib==0.3.3
    # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.0.12
+filelock==3.3.0
    # via virtualenv
-importlib-metadata==4.0.1
+importlib-metadata==4.8.1
    # via
    #   backports.entry-points-selectable
    #   virtualenv
 platformdirs==2.4.0
    # via virtualenv
 six==1.16.0
    # via virtualenv
-typing-extensions==3.10.0.0
+typing-extensions==3.10.0.2
-    # via importlib-metadata
+    # via
-virtualenv==20.4.6
+    #   delocate
    #   importlib-metadata
 virtualenv==20.8.1
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-wheel==0.36.2
+wheel==0.37.0
    # via
    #   -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
    #   delocate
-zipp==3.4.1
+zipp==3.6.0
    # via importlib-metadata
 # The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
-pip==21.1.1
+pip==21.2.4
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-setuptools==56.2.0
+setuptools==58.2.0
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
@@ -1,28 +1,32 @@
 #
-# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with python 3.8
 # To update, run:
 #
 #    bin/update_dependencies.py
 #
-appdirs==1.4.4
+backports.entry-points-selectable==1.1.0
    # via virtualenv
-delocate==0.8.2
+delocate==0.10.0
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.3.1
+distlib==0.3.3
    # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.0.12
+filelock==3.3.0
    # via virtualenv
 platformdirs==2.4.0
    # via virtualenv
 six==1.16.0
    # via virtualenv
-virtualenv==20.4.6
+typing-extensions==3.10.0.2
    # via delocate
 virtualenv==20.8.1
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-wheel==0.36.2
+wheel==0.37.0
    # via
    #   -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
    #   delocate
 # The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
-pip==21.1.1
+pip==21.2.4
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-setuptools==56.2.0
+setuptools==58.2.0
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
@@ -1,28 +1,32 @@
 #
-# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with python 3.9
 # To update, run:
 #
 #    bin/update_dependencies.py
 #
-appdirs==1.4.4
+backports.entry-points-selectable==1.1.0
    # via virtualenv
-delocate==0.8.2
+delocate==0.10.0
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.3.1
+distlib==0.3.3
    # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.0.12
+filelock==3.3.0
    # via virtualenv
 platformdirs==2.4.0
    # via virtualenv
 six==1.16.0
    # via virtualenv
-virtualenv==20.4.6
+typing-extensions==3.10.0.2
    # via delocate
 virtualenv==20.8.1
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-wheel==0.36.2
+wheel==0.37.0
    # via
    #   -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
    #   delocate
 # The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
-pip==21.1.1
+pip==21.2.4
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-setuptools==56.2.0
+setuptools==58.2.0
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
@@ -1,28 +1,32 @@
 #
-# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with python 3.9
 # To update, run:
 #
 #    bin/update_dependencies.py
 #
-appdirs==1.4.4
+backports.entry-points-selectable==1.1.0
    # via virtualenv
-delocate==0.8.2
+delocate==0.10.0
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.3.1
+distlib==0.3.3
    # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.0.12
+filelock==3.3.0
    # via virtualenv
 platformdirs==2.4.0
    # via virtualenv
 six==1.16.0
    # via virtualenv
-virtualenv==20.4.6
+typing-extensions==3.10.0.2
    # via delocate
 virtualenv==20.8.1
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-wheel==0.36.2
+wheel==0.37.0
    # via
    #   -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
    #   delocate
 # The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
-pip==21.1.1
+pip==21.2.4
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-setuptools==56.2.0
+setuptools==58.2.0
    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
 [tool.cibuildwheel]
 build = "*"
 skip = ""
 test-skip = ""
 archs = ["auto"]
 build-frontend = "pip"
 dependency-versions = "pinned"
 environment = {}
 build-verbosity = ""
 before-all = ""
 before-build = ""
 repair-wheel-command = ""
 test-command = ""
 before-test = ""
 test-requires = []
 test-extras = []
 manylinux-x86_64-image = "manylinux2010"
 manylinux-i686-image = "manylinux2010"
 manylinux-aarch64-image = "manylinux2014"
 manylinux-ppc64le-image = "manylinux2014"
 manylinux-s390x-image = "manylinux2014"
 manylinux-pypy_x86_64-image = "manylinux2010"
 manylinux-pypy_i686-image = "manylinux2010"
 manylinux-pypy_aarch64-image = "manylinux2014"
 [tool.cibuildwheel.linux]
 repair-wheel-command = "auditwheel repair -w {dest_dir} {wheel}"
 [tool.cibuildwheel.macos]
 repair-wheel-command = [
  "delocate-listdeps {wheel}",
  "delocate-wheel --require-archs {delocate_archs} -w {dest_dir} {wheel}",
 ]
 [tool.cibuildwheel.windows]
@@ -1,38 +1,43 @@
 [x86_64]
-manylinux1 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux1_x86_64:2021-05-24-df68af6
+manylinux1 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux1_x86_64:2021-10-02-5ba76a5
-manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_x86_64:2021-05-24-84874a2
+manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_x86_64:2021-10-06-94da8f1
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2021-05-24-84874a2
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2021-10-06-94da8f1
-manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_x86_64:2021-05-24-84874a2
+manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_x86_64:2021-10-06-94da8f1
 musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_x86_64:2021-10-06-94da8f1
 [i686]
-manylinux1 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux1_i686:2021-05-24-df68af6
+manylinux1 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux1_i686:2021-10-02-5ba76a5
-manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_i686:2021-05-24-84874a2
+manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_i686:2021-10-06-94da8f1
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2021-05-24-84874a2
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2021-10-06-94da8f1
-manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_i686:2021-05-24-84874a2
+manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_i686:2021-10-06-94da8f1
 musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_i686:2021-10-06-94da8f1
 [pypy_x86_64]
-manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_x86_64:2021-05-24-84874a2
+manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_x86_64:2021-10-06-94da8f1
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2021-05-24-84874a2
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2021-10-06-94da8f1
-manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_x86_64:2021-05-24-84874a2
+manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_x86_64:2021-10-06-94da8f1
 [pypy_i686]
-manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_i686:2021-05-24-84874a2
+manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_i686:2021-10-06-94da8f1
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2021-05-24-84874a2
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2021-10-06-94da8f1
-manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_i686:2021-05-24-84874a2
+manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_i686:2021-10-06-94da8f1
 [aarch64]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2021-05-24-84874a2
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2021-10-06-94da8f1
-manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_aarch64:2021-05-24-84874a2
+manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_aarch64:2021-10-06-94da8f1
 musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_aarch64:2021-10-06-94da8f1
 [ppc64le]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_ppc64le:2021-05-24-84874a2
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_ppc64le:2021-10-06-94da8f1
-manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_ppc64le:2021-05-24-84874a2
+manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_ppc64le:2021-10-06-94da8f1
 musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_ppc64le:2021-10-06-94da8f1
 [s390x]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_s390x:2021-05-24-84874a2
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_s390x:2021-10-06-94da8f1
-manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_s390x:2021-05-24-84874a2
+manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_s390x:2021-10-06-94da8f1
 musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_s390x:2021-10-06-94da8f1
 [pypy_aarch64]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2021-05-24-84874a2
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2021-10-06-94da8f1
-manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_aarch64:2021-05-24-84874a2
+manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_aarch64:2021-10-06-94da8f1
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ import itertools
 import os
 import re
 import ssl
 import subprocess
 import sys
 import textwrap
 import time
 import urllib.request
@@ -20,12 +22,14 @@ from packaging.version import Version
 from .architecture import Architecture
 from .environment import ParsedEnvironment
-from .typing import PathOrStr, PlatformName
+from .typing import Literal, PathOrStr, PlatformName
 resources_dir = Path(__file__).parent / "resources"
 install_certifi_script = resources_dir / "install_certifi.py"
 BuildFrontend = Literal["pip", "build"]
 def prepare_command(command: str, **kwargs: PathOrStr) -> str:
    """
@@ -63,7 +67,7 @@ class IdentifierSelector:
    """
    # a pattern that skips prerelease versions, when include_prereleases is False.
-    PRERELEASE_SKIP = "cp310-*"
+    PRERELEASE_SKIP = ""
    def __init__(
        self,
@@ -140,8 +144,8 @@ class Unbuffered:
        self.stream.write(data)
        self.stream.flush()
-    def writelines(self, datas):  # type: ignore
+    def writelines(self, data):  # type: ignore
-        self.stream.writelines(datas)
+        self.stream.writelines(data)
        self.stream.flush()
    def __getattr__(self, attr):  # type: ignore
@@ -218,6 +222,7 @@ class BuildOptions(NamedTuple):
    test_requires: List[str]
    test_extras: str
    build_verbosity: int
    build_frontend: BuildFrontend
 class NonPlatformWheelError(Exception):
@@ -300,3 +305,18 @@ def print_new_wheels(msg: str, output_dir: Path) -> Iterator[None]:
    s = time.time() - start_time
    m = s / 60
    print(msg.format(n=n, s=s, m=m), *sorted(f"  {f.name}" for f in new_contents), sep="\n")
 def get_pip_version(env: Dict[str, str]) -> str:
    # we use shell=True here for windows, even though we don't need a shell due to a bug
    # https://bugs.python.org/issue8557
    shell = sys.platform.startswith("win")
    versions_output_text = subprocess.check_output(
        ["python", "-m", "pip", "freeze", "--all"], universal_newlines=True, shell=shell, env=env
    )
    (pip_version,) = (
        version[5:]
        for version in versions_output_text.strip().splitlines()
        if version.startswith("pip==")
    )
    return pip_version
@@ -10,20 +10,24 @@ from zipfile import ZipFile
 from .architecture import Architecture
 from .environment import ParsedEnvironment
 from .logger import log
-from .typing import PathOrStr
+from .typing import PathOrStr, assert_never
 from .util import (
    BuildFrontend,
    BuildOptions,
    BuildSelector,
    NonPlatformWheelError,
    download,
    get_build_verbosity_extra_flags,
    get_pip_version,
    prepare_command,
    read_python_configs,
 )
 CIBW_INSTALL_PATH = Path("C:\\cibw")
 def call(
-    args: Sequence[PathOrStr], env: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None, cwd: Optional[str] = None
+    args: Sequence[PathOrStr], env: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None, cwd: Optional[PathOrStr] = None
 ) -> None:
    print("+ " + " ".join(str(a) for a in args))
    # we use shell=True here, even though we don't need a shell due to a bug
@@ -31,7 +35,9 @@ def call(
    subprocess.run([str(a) for a in args], env=env, cwd=cwd, shell=True, check=True)
-def shell(command: str, env: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None, cwd: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+def shell(
    command: str, env: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None, cwd: Optional[PathOrStr] = None
 ) -> None:
    print(f"+ {command}")
    subprocess.run(command, env=env, cwd=cwd, shell=True, check=True)
@@ -47,7 +53,7 @@ def get_nuget_args(version: str, arch: str) -> List[str]:
        "-FallbackSource",
        "https://api.nuget.org/v3/index.json",
        "-OutputDirectory",
-        "C:\\cibw\\python",
+        str(CIBW_INSTALL_PATH / "python"),
    ]
@@ -100,9 +106,9 @@ def install_pypy(version: str, arch: str, url: str) -> Path:
    zip_filename = url.rsplit("/", 1)[-1]
    extension = ".zip"
    assert zip_filename.endswith(extension)
-    installation_path = Path("C:\\cibw") / zip_filename[: -len(extension)]
+    installation_path = CIBW_INSTALL_PATH / zip_filename[: -len(extension)]
    if not installation_path.exists():
-        pypy_zip = Path("C:\\cibw") / zip_filename
+        pypy_zip = CIBW_INSTALL_PATH / zip_filename
        download(url, pypy_zip)
        # Extract to the parent directory because the zip file still contains a directory
        extract_zip(pypy_zip, installation_path.parent)
@@ -114,8 +120,10 @@ def setup_python(
    python_configuration: PythonConfiguration,
    dependency_constraint_flags: Sequence[PathOrStr],
    environment: ParsedEnvironment,
    build_frontend: BuildFrontend,
 ) -> Dict[str, str]:
-    nuget = Path("C:\\cibw\\nuget.exe")
+
    nuget = CIBW_INSTALL_PATH / "nuget.exe"
    if not nuget.exists():
        log.step("Downloading nuget...")
        download("https://dist.nuget.org/win-x86-commandline/latest/nuget.exe", nuget)
@@ -180,7 +188,7 @@ def setup_python(
    requires_reinstall = not (installation_path / "Scripts" / "pip.exe").exists()
    if requires_reinstall:
        # maybe pip isn't installed at all. ensurepip resolves that.
-        call(["python", "-m", "ensurepip"], env=env, cwd="C:\\cibw")
+        call(["python", "-m", "ensurepip"], env=env, cwd=CIBW_INSTALL_PATH)
    # upgrade pip to the version matching our constraints
    # if necessary, reinstall it to ensure that it's available on PATH as 'pip.exe'
@@ -195,7 +203,7 @@ def setup_python(
            *dependency_constraint_flags,
        ],
        env=env,
-        cwd="C:\\cibw",
+        cwd=CIBW_INSTALL_PATH,
    )
    assert (installation_path / "Scripts" / "pip.exe").exists()
@@ -214,10 +222,26 @@ def setup_python(
        sys.exit(1)
    call(["pip", "--version"], env=env)
-    call(
+
-        ["pip", "install", "--upgrade", "setuptools", "wheel", *dependency_constraint_flags],
+    if build_frontend == "pip":
-        env=env,
+        call(
-    )
+            [
                "pip",
                "install",
                "--upgrade",
                "setuptools",
                "wheel",
                *dependency_constraint_flags,
            ],
            env=env,
        )
    elif build_frontend == "build":
        call(
            ["pip", "install", "--upgrade", "build[virtualenv]", *dependency_constraint_flags],
            env=env,
        )
    else:
        assert_never(build_frontend)
    return env
@@ -251,7 +275,12 @@ def build(options: BuildOptions) -> None:
                ]
            # install Python
-            env = setup_python(config, dependency_constraint_flags, options.environment)
+            env = setup_python(
                config,
                dependency_constraint_flags,
                options.environment,
                options.build_frontend,
            )
            # run the before_build command
            if options.before_build:
@@ -265,20 +294,60 @@ def build(options: BuildOptions) -> None:
            if built_wheel_dir.exists():
                shutil.rmtree(built_wheel_dir)
            built_wheel_dir.mkdir(parents=True)
-            # Path.resolve() is needed. Without it pip wheel may try to fetch package from pypi.org
+
-            # see https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/pull/369
+            verbosity_flags = get_build_verbosity_extra_flags(options.build_verbosity)
-            call(
+
-                [
+            if options.build_frontend == "pip":
-                    "pip",
+                # Path.resolve() is needed. Without it pip wheel may try to fetch package from pypi.org
-                    "wheel",
+                # see https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/pull/369
-                    options.package_dir.resolve(),
+                call(
-                    "-w",
+                    [
-                    built_wheel_dir,
+                        "python",
-                    "--no-deps",
+                        "-m",
-                    *get_build_verbosity_extra_flags(options.build_verbosity),
+                        "pip",
-                ],
+                        "wheel",
-                env=env,
+                        options.package_dir.resolve(),
-            )
+                        f"--wheel-dir={built_wheel_dir}",
                        "--no-deps",
                        *get_build_verbosity_extra_flags(options.build_verbosity),
                    ],
                    env=env,
                )
            elif options.build_frontend == "build":
                config_setting = " ".join(verbosity_flags)
                build_env = env.copy()
                if options.dependency_constraints:
                    constraints_path = options.dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version(
                        config.version
                    )
                    # Bug in pip <= 21.1.3 - we can't have a space in the
                    # constraints file, and pip doesn't support drive letters
                    # in uhi.  After probably pip 21.2, we can use uri. For
                    # now, use a temporary file.
                    if " " in str(constraints_path):
                        tmp_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(
                            "w", suffix="constraints.txt", delete=False, dir=CIBW_INSTALL_PATH
                        )
                        with tmp_file as new_constraints_file, open(constraints_path) as f:
                            new_constraints_file.write(f.read())
                            constraints_path = Path(new_constraints_file.name)
                    build_env["PIP_CONSTRAINT"] = str(constraints_path)
                    build_env["VIRTUALENV_PIP"] = get_pip_version(env)
                    call(
                        [
                            "python",
                            "-m",
                            "build",
                            options.package_dir,
                            "--wheel",
                            f"--outdir={built_wheel_dir}",
                            f"--config-setting={config_setting}",
                        ],
                        env=build_env,
                    )
            else:
                assert_never(options.build_frontend)
            built_wheel = next(built_wheel_dir.glob("*.whl"))
@@ -2,11 +2,588 @@
 title: Changelog
 ---
-{%
+### v2.1.3
-   include-markdown "../README.md"
+
-   start="<!--changelog-start-->"
+_6 October 2021_
-   end="<!--changelog-end-->"
+
-%}
+- 🛠 Updated CPython 3.10 to the 3.10.0 final release
 ### v2.1.2
 _14 September 2021_
 - 🛠 Updated CPython 3.10 to 3.10.0rc2
 - 📚 Multiple docs updates
 - 🐛 Improved warnings when built binaries are bundled into the container on Linux. (#807)
 ### v2.1.1
 _7 August 2021_
 - ✨ Corresponding with the release of CPython 3.10.0rc1, which is ABI stable, cibuildwheel now builds CPython 3.10 by default - without the CIBW_PRERELEASE_PYTHONS flag.
 <sup>Note: v2.1.0 was a bad release, it was yanked from PyPI.</sup>
 ### v2.0.1
 _25 July 2021_
 - 📚 Docs improvements (#767)
 - 🛠 Dependency updates, including delocate 0.9.0.
 ### v2.0.0 🎉
 _16 July 2021_
 - 🌟 You can now configure cibuildwheel options inside your project's `pyproject.toml`! Environment variables still work of course. Check out the [documentation](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#setting-options) for more info.
 - 🌟 Added support for building wheels with [build](https://github.com/pypa/build), as well as pip. This feature is controlled with the [`CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#build-frontend) option.
 - 🌟 Added the ability to test building wheels on CPython 3.10! Because CPython 3.10 is in beta, these wheels should not be distributed, because they might not be compatible with the final release, but it's available to build for testing purposes. Use the flag [`--prerelease-pythons` or `CIBW_PRERELEASE_PYTHONS`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#prerelease-pythons) to test. (#675) This version of cibuildwheel includes CPython 3.10.0b4.
 - ⚠️ **Removed support for building Python 2.7 and Python 3.5 wheels**, for both CPython and PyPy. If you still need to build on these versions, please use the latest v1.x version. (#596)
 - ✨ Added the ability to build CPython 3.8 wheels for Apple Silicon. (#704)
 - 🛠 Update to the latest build dependencies, including Auditwheel 4. (#633)
 - 🛠 Use the unified pypa/manylinux images to build PyPy (#671)
 - 🐛 Numerous bug fixes & docs improvements
 ### v1.12.0
 _22 June 2021_
 - ✨ Adds support building macOS universal2/arm64 wheels on Python 3.8.
 ### v1.11.1
 _28 May 2021_
 - ✨ cibuildwheel is now part of the PyPA!
 - 📚 Minor docs changes, fixing links related to the above transition
 - 🛠 Update manylinux pins to the last version containing Python 2.7 and 3.5. (#674)
 ### v1.11.0
 _1 May 2021_
 - 📚 Lots of docs improvements! (#650, #623, #616, #609, #606)
 - 🐛 Fix nuget "Package is not found" error on Windows. (#653)
 - ⚠️ cibuildwheel will no longer build Windows 2.7 wheels, unless you specify a custom toolchain using `DISTUTILS_USE_SDK=1` and `MSSdk=1`. This is because Microsoft have stopped distributing Visual C++ Compiler for Python 2.7. See [this FAQ entry](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/faq/#windows-and-python-27) for more details. (#649)
 - 🐛 Fix crash on Windows due to missing `which` command (#641).
 ### v1.10.0
 _22 Feb 2021_
 - ✨ Added `manylinux_2_24` support. To use these new Debian-based manylinux
  images, set your [manylinux image](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#manylinux-image)
  options to `manylinux_2_24`.
 - 🛠 On macOS, we now set `MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET` in before running
  `CIBW_BEFORE_ALL`. This is useful when using `CIBW_BEFORE_ALL` to build a
  shared library.
 - 🛠 An empty `CIBW_BUILD` option is now the same as being unset i.e, `*`.
  This makes some build matrix configuration easier. (#588)
 - 📚 Neatened up documentation - added tabs to a few places (#576), fixed some
  formatting issues.
 ### v1.9.0
 _5 February 2021_
 - 🌟 Added support for Apple Silicon wheels on macOS! You can now
  cross-compile `universal2` and `arm64` wheels on your existing macOS Intel
  runners, by setting
  [CIBW_ARCHS_MACOS](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#archs).
  Xcode 12.2 or later is required, but you don't need macOS 11.0 - you can
  still build on macOS 10.15. See
  [this FAQ entry](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/faq/#apple-silicon)
  for more information. (#484)
 - 🌟 Added auto-detection of your package's Python compatibility, via declared
   [`requires-python`](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0621/#requires-python)
  in your `pyproject.toml`, or
  [`python_requires`](https://packaging.python.org/guides/distributing-packages-using-setuptools/#python-requires)
  in `setup.cfg` or `setup.py`. If your project has these set, cibuildwheel
  will automatically skip builds on versions of Python that your package
  doesn't support. Hopefully this makes the first-run experience of
  cibuildwheel a bit easier. If you need to override this for any reason,
  look at [`CIBW_PROJECT_REQUIRES_PYTHON`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#requires-python).
  (#536)
 - 🌟 cibuildwheel can now be invoked as a native GitHub Action! You can now
  invoke cibuildwheel in a GHA build step like:
  ```yaml
  - name: Build wheels
    uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@version # e.g. v1.9.0
    with:
      output-dir: wheelhouse
    # env:
    #   CIBW_SOME_OPTION: value
  ```
  This saves a bit of boilerplate, and you can [use Dependabot to keep the
  pinned version up-to-date](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/faq/#automatic-updates).
 - ✨ Added `auto64` and `auto32` shortcuts to the
  [CIBW_ARCHS](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#archs)
  option. (#553)
 - ✨ cibuildwheel now prints a list of the wheels built at the end of each
  run. (#570)
 - 📚 Lots of minor docs improvements.
 ### 1.8.0
 _22 January 2021_
 - 🌟 Added support for emulated builds! You can now build manylinux wheels on
  ARM64`aarch64`, as well as `ppc64le` and 's390x'. To build under emulation,
  register QEMU via binfmt_misc and set the
  [`CIBW_ARCHS_LINUX`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#archs)
  option to the architectures you want to run. See
  [this FAQ entry](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/faq/#emulation)
  for more information. (#482)
 - ✨ Added `CIBW_TEST_SKIP` option. This allows you to choose certain builds
  whose tests you'd like to skip. This might be useful when running a slow
  test suite under emulation, for example. (#537)
 - ✨ Added `curly-{brace,bracket,paren}` style globbing to `CIBW_BUILD` and
  `CIBW_SKIP`. This gives more expressivity, letting you do things like
  `CIBW_BUILD=cp39-manylinux_{aarch64,ppc64le}`. (#527)
 - 🛠 cibuildwheel will now exit with an error if it's called with options that
  skip all builds on a platform. This feature can be disabled by adding
  `--allow-empty` on the command line. (#545)
 ### 1.7.4
 _2 January 2021_
 - 🐛 Fix the PyPy virtualenv patch to work on macOS 10.14 (#506)
 ### 1.7.3
 _1 January 2021_
 - 🛠 Added a patch for Pypy to ensure header files are available for building
  in a virtualenv. (#502)
 - 🛠 Some preparatory work towards using cibuildwheel as a GitHub Action.
  Check out
  [the FAQ](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/faq/#option-1-github-action)
  for information on how to use it. We'll be fully updating the docs to this
  approach in a subsequent release (#494)
 ### 1.7.2
 _21 December 2020_
 - 🛠 Update dependencies, notably wheel==0.36.2 and pip==20.3.3, and CPython to
  their latest bugfix releases (#489)
 - 📚 Switch to a GitHub example in the README (#479)
 - 📚 Create Working Examples table, with many projects that use cibuildwheel (#474)
 - 📚 Import Working Examples table and Changelog to docs
 ### 1.7.1
 _3 December 2020_
 - 🛠 Update manylinux2010 image to resolve issues with 'yum' repositories
  (#472)
 ### 1.7.0
 _26 November 2020_
 - ✨ New logging format, that uses 'fold groups' in CI services that support
  it. (#458)
 - 🛠 Update PyPy to 7.3.3 (#460)
 - 🐛 Fix a bug where CIBW_BEFORE_ALL runs with a very old version of Python on
  Linux. (#464)
 ### 1.6.4
 _31 October 2020_
 - 🐛 Fix crash on Appveyor during nuget install due to old system CA
  certificates. We now use certifi's CA certs to download files. (#455)
 ### 1.6.3
 _12 October 2020_
 - 🐛 Fix missing SSL certificates on macOS (#447)
 - 🛠 Update OpenSSL Python 3.5 patch to 1.1.1h on macOS (#449)
 ### 1.6.2
 _9 October 2020_
 - ✨ Python 3.9 updated to the final release version - v3.9.0 (#440)
 - 🛠 Pypy updated to v7.3.2, adding alpha support for Python 3.7 (#430)
 ### 1.6.1
 _20 September 2020_
 - 🛠 Add PPC64LE manylinux image supporting Python 3.9. (#436)
 - 📚 Add project URLs to PyPI listing (#428)
 ### 1.6.0
 _9 September 2020_
 - 🌟 Add Python 3.9 support! This initial support uses release candidate
  builds. You can start publishing wheels for Python 3.9 now, ahead of
  the official release. (#382)
  Minor note - if you're building PPC64LE wheels, the manylinux image pinned
  by this version is
  [still on Python 3.9b3](https://github.com/pypa/manylinux/issues/758), not a
  release candidate. We'd advise holding off on distributing 3.9 ppc64le wheels
  until a subsequent version of cibuildwheel.
 - 🌟 Add Gitlab CI support. Gitlab CI can now build Linux wheels, using
  cibuildwheel. (#419)
 - 🐛 Fix a bug that causes pyproject.toml dependencies to fail to install on
  Windows (#420)
 - 📚 Added some information about Windows VC++ runtimes and how they relate
  to wheels.
 ### 1.5.5
 _22 July 2020_
 - 🐛 Fix a bug that would cause command substitutions in CIBW_ENVIRONMENT to
  produce no output on Linux (#411)
 - 🐛 Fix regression (introduced in 1.5.3) which caused BEFORE_BUILD and
  BEFORE_ALL to be executed in the wrong directory (#410)
 ### 1.5.4
 _19 June 2020_
 - 🐛 Fix a bug that would cause command substitutions in CIBW_ENVIRONMENT
  variables to not interpret quotes in commands correctly (#406, #408)
 ### 1.5.3
 _19 July 2020_
 - 🛠 Update CPython 3.8 to 3.8.3 (#405)
 - 🛠 Internal refactoring of Linux build, to move control flow into Python (#386)
 ### 1.5.2
 _8 July 2020_
 - 🐛 Fix an issue on Windows where pyproject.toml would cause an error when
  some requirements formats were used. (#401)
 - 🛠 Update CPython 3.7 to 3.7.8 (#394)
 ### 1.5.1
 _25 June 2020_
 - 🐛 Fix "OSError: [WinError 17] The system cannot move the file to a different
  disk drive" on GitHub Actions (#388, #389)
 ### 1.5.0
 _24 June 2020_
 - 🌟 Add [`CIBW_BEFORE_ALL`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#before-all)
  option, which lets you run a command on the build machine before any wheels
  are built. This is especially useful when building on Linux, to `make`
  something external to Python, or to `yum install` a dependency. (#342)
 - ✨ Added support for projects using pyproject.toml instead of setup.py
  (#360, #358)
 - ✨ Added workaround to allow Python 3.5 on Windows to pull dependencies from
  pyproject.toml. (#358)
 - 📚 Improved GitHub Actions examples and docs (#354, #362)
 - 🐛 Ensure pip wheel uses the specified package, and doesn't build a wheel
  from PyPI (#369)
 - 🛠 Internal changes: using pathlib.Path, precommit hooks, testing
  improvements.
 ### 1.4.2
 _25 May 2020_
 - 🛠 Dependency updates, including CPython 3.8.3 & manylinux images.
 - 🛠 Lots of internal updates - type annotations and checking using mypy, and
  a new integration testing system.
 - ⚠️ Removed support for *running* cibuildwheel using Python 3.5. cibuildwheel
  will continue to build Python 3.5 wheels until EOL.
 ### 1.4.1
 _4 May 2020_
 - 🐛 Fix a bug causing programs running inside the i686 manylinux images to
  think they were running x86_64 and target the wrong architecture. (#336,
  #338)
 ### 1.4.0
 _2 May 2020_
 - 🌟 Deterministic builds. cibuildwheel now locks the versions of the tools it
  uses. This means that pinning your version of cibuildwheel pins the versions
  of pip, setuptools, manylinux etc. that are used under the hood. This should
  make things more reliable. But note that we don't control the entire build
  environment on macOS and Windows, where the version of Xcode and Visual
  Studio can still effect things.
  This can be controlled using the [CIBW_DEPENDENCY_VERSIONS](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#dependency-versions)
  and [manylinux image](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#manylinux-image)
  options - if you always want to use the latest toolchain, you can still do
  that, or you can specify your own pip constraints file and manylinux image.
  (#256)
 - ✨ Added `package_dir` command line option, meaning we now support building
  a package that lives in a subdirectory and pulls in files from the wider
  project. See [the `package_dir` option help](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#command-line-options)
  for more information.
  Note that this change makes the working directory (where you call
  cibuildwheel from) relevant on Linux, as it's considered the 'project' and
  will be copied into the Docker container. If your builds are slower on this
  version, that's likely the reason. `cd` to your project and then call
  `cibuildwheel` from there. (#319, #295)
 - 🛠 On macOS, we make `MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET` default to `10.9` if it's
  not set. This should make things more consistent between Python versions.
 - 🛠 Dependency updates - CPython 3.7.7, CPython 2.7.18, Pypy 7.3.1.
 ### 1.3.0
 _12 March 2020_
 - 🌟 Add support for building on GitHub Actions! Check out the
  [docs](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/setup/#github-actions)
  for information on how to set it up. (#194)
 - ✨ Add the `CIBW_BEFORE_TEST` option, which lets you run a command to
  prepare the environment before your tests are run. (#242)
 ### 1.2.0
 _8 March 2020_
 - 🌟 Add support for building PyPy wheels, across Manylinux, macOS, and
  Windows. (#185)
 - 🌟 Added the ability to build ARM64 (aarch64), ppc64le, and s390x wheels,
  using manylinux2014 and Travis CI. (#273)
 - ✨ You can now build macOS wheels on Appveyor. (#230)
 - 🛠 Changed default macOS minimum target to 10.9, from 10.6. This allows the
  use of more modern C++ libraries, among other things. (#156)
 - 🛠 Stop building universal binaries on macOS. We now only build x86_64
  wheels on macOS. (#220)
 - ✨ Allow chaining of commands using `&&` and `||` on Windows inside
  CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD and CIBW_TEST_COMMAND. (#293)
 - 🛠 Improved error reporting for failed Cython builds due to stale .so files
  (#263)
 - 🛠 Update CPython from 3.7.5 to 3.7.6 and from 3.8.0 to 3.8.2 on Mac/Windows
 - 🛠 Improved error messages when a bad config breaks cibuildwheel's PATH
  variable. (#264)
 - ⚠️ Removed support for *running* cibuildwheel on Python 2.7. cibuildwheel
  will continue to build Python 2.7 wheels for a little while. (#265)
 ### 1.1.0
 _7 December 2019_
 - 🌟 Add support for building manylinux2014 wheels. To use, set
  `CIBW_MANYLINUX_X86_64_IMAGE` and CIBW_MANYLINUX_I686_IMAGE to
  `manylinux2014`.
 - ✨ Add support for [Linux on Appveyor](https://www.appveyor.com/blog/2018/03/06/appveyor-for-linux/) (#204, #207)
 - ✨ Add `CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND` env variable, for changing how
  `auditwheel` or `delocate` are invoked, or testing an equivalent on
  Windows. (#211)
 - 📚 Added some travis example configs - these are available in /examples. (#228)
 ### 1.0.0
 _10 November 2019_
 - 🌟 Add support for building Python 3.8 wheels! (#180)
 - 🌟 Add support for building manylinux2010 wheels. cibuildwheel will now
  build using the manylinux2010 images by default. If your project is still
  manylinux1 compatible, you should get both manylinux1 and manylinux2010
  wheels - you can upload both to PyPI. If you always require manylinux1 wheels, you can
  build using the old manylinux1 image using the [manylinux image](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#manylinux-image) option.
  (#155)
 - 📚 Documentation is now on its [own mini-site](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io),
   rather than on the README (#169)
 - ✨ Add support for building Windows wheels on Travis CI. (#160)
 - 🛠 If you set `CIBW_TEST_COMMAND`, your tests now run in a virtualenv. (#164)
 - 🛠 Windows now uses Python as installed by nuget, rather than the versions
  installed by the various CI providers. (#180)
 - 🛠 Update Python from 2.7.16 to 2.7.17 and 3.7.4 to 3.7.5 on macOS (#171)
 - ⚠️ Removed support for Python 3.4 (#168)
 ### 0.12.0
 _29 September 2019_
 - ✨ Add CIBW_TEST_EXTRAS option, to allow testing using extra_require
  options. For example, set `CIBW_TEST_EXTRAS=test,qt` to make the wheel
  installed with `pip install <wheel_file>[test,qt]`
 - 🛠 Update Python from 3.7.2 to 3.7.4 on macOS
 - 🛠 Update OpenSSL patch to 1.0.2t on macOS
 ### 0.11.1
 _28 May 2019_
 - 🐛 Fix missing file in the release tarball, that was causing problems with
  Windows builds (#141)
 ### 0.11.0
 _26 May 2019_
 - 🌟 Add support for building on Azure pipelines! This lets you build all
  Linux, Mac and Windows wheels on one service, so it promises to be the
  easiest to set up! Check out the quickstart in the docs, or
  [cibuildwheel-azure-example](https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel-azure-example)
  for an example project. (#126, #132)
 - 🛠 Internal change - the end-to-end test projects format was updated, so we
  can more precisely assert what should be produced for each one. (#136, #137).
 ### 0.10.2
 _10 March 2019_
 - 🛠 Revert temporary fix in macOS, that was working around a bug in pip 19 (#129)
 - 🛠 Update Python to 2.7.16 on macOS
 - 🛠 Update OpenSSL patch to 1.0.2r on macOS
 ### 0.10.1
 _3 February 2019_
 - 🐛 Fix build stalling on macOS (that was introduced in pip 19) (#122)
 - 🐛 Fix "AttributeError: 'Popen' object has no attribute 'args'" on Python 2.7 for Linux builds (#108)
 - 🛠 Update Python from 3.6.7, 3.7.1 to 3.6.8, 3.7.2 on macOS
 - 🛠 Update openssl patch from 1.0.2p to 1.0.2q on macOS
 - 🛠 Sorting build options dict items when printing preamble (#114)
 ### 0.10.0
 _23 September 2018_
 - 🌟 Add `CIBW_BUILD` option, for specifying which specific builds to perform (#101)
 - 🌟 Add support for building Mac and Linux on CircleCI (#91, #97)
 - 🛠 Improved support for building universal wheels (#95)
 - 🛠 Ensure log output is unbuffered and therefore in the correct order (#92)
 - 🛠 Improved error reporting for errors that occur inside a package's setup.py (#88)
 - ⚠️ Removed support for Python 3.3 on Windows.
 ### 0.9.4
 _29 July 2018_
 - 🛠 CIBW_TEST_COMMAND now runs in a shell on Mac (as well as Linux) (#81)
 ### 0.9.3
 _10 July 2018_
 - 🛠 Update to Python 3.6.6 on macOS (#82)
 - ✨ Add support for building Python 3.7 wheels on Windows (#76)
 - ⚠️ Deprecated support for Python 3.3 on Windows.
 ### 0.9.2
 _1 July 2018_
 - 🛠  Update Python 3.7.0rc1 to 3.7.0 on macOS (#79)
 ### 0.9.1
 _18 June 2018_
 - 🛠 Removed the need to use `{python}` and `{pip}` in `CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD` statements, by ensuring the correct version is always on the path at `python` and `pip` instead. (#60)
 - 🛠 We now patch the _ssl module on Python 3.4 and 3.5 so these versions can still make SSL web requests using TLS 1.2 while building. (#71)
 ### 0.9.0
 _18 June 2018_
 - ✨ Add support for Python 3.7 (#73)
 ### 0.8.0
 _4 May 2018_
 - ⚠️ Drop support for Python 3.3 on Linux (#67)
 - 🐛 Fix TLS by updating setuptools (#69)
 ### 0.7.1
 _2 April 2017_
 - 🐛 macOS: Fix Pip bugs resulting from PyPI TLS 1.2 enforcement
 - 🐛 macOS: Fix brew Python3 version problems in the CI
 ### 0.7.0
 _7 January 2018_
 - ✨ You can now specify a custom docker image using the `CIBW_MANYLINUX1_X86_64_IMAGE` and `CIBW_MANYLINUX1_I686_IMAGE` options. (#46)
 - 🐛 Fixed a bug where cibuildwheel would download and build a package from PyPI(!) instead of building the package on the local machine. (#51)
 ### 0.6.0
 _9 October 2017_
 - ✨ On the Linux build, the host filesystem is now accessible via `/host` (#36)
 - 🐛 Fixed a bug where setup.py scripts would run the wrong version of Python when running subprocesses on Linux (#35)
 ### 0.5.1
 _10 September 2017_
 - 🐛 Fixed a couple of bugs on Python 3.
 - ✨ Added experimental support for Mac builds on [Bitrise.io](https://www.bitrise.io)
 ### 0.5.0
 _7 September 2017_
 - ✨ `CIBW_ENVIRONMENT` added. You can now set environment variables for each build, even within the Docker container on Linux. This is a big one! (#21)
 - ✨ `CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD` now runs in a system shell on all platforms. You can now do things like `CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD="cmd1 && cmd2"`. (#32)
 ### 0.4.1
 _14 August 2017_
 - 🐛 Fixed a bug on Windows where subprocess' output was hidden (#23)
 - 🐛 Fixed a bug on AppVeyor where logs would appear in the wrong order due to output buffering (#24, thanks @YannickJadoul!)
 ### 0.4.0
 _23 July 2017_
 - 🐛 Fixed a bug that was increasing the build time by building the wheel twice. This was a problem for large projects that have a long build time. If you're upgrading and you need the old behaviour, use `CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD={pip} install .`, or install exactly the dependencies you need in `CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD`. See #18.
 ### 0.3.0
 _27 June 2017_
 - ⚠️ Removed Python 2.6 support on Linux (#12)
 ### 0.2.1
 _11 June 2017_
 - 🛠 Changed the build process to install the package before building the wheel - this allows direct dependencies to be installed first (#9, thanks @tgarc!)
 - ✨ Added Python 3 support for the main process, for systems where Python 3 is the default (#8, thanks @tgarc).
 ### 0.2.0
 _13 April 2017_
 - ✨ Added `CIBW_SKIP` option, letting users explicitly skip a build
 - ✨ Added `CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD` option, letting users run a shell command before the build starts
 ### 0.1.3
 _31 March 2017_
 - 🌟 First public release!
 <script>
  // undo the scrollTop that the theme did on this page, as there are loads
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ Design Goals
 Other notes:
- The platforms are very similar, until they're not. I'd rather have straight-forward code than totally DRY code, so let's keep airy platfrom abstractions to a minimum.
+- The platforms are very similar, until they're not. I'd rather have straight-forward code than totally DRY code, so let's keep airy platform abstractions to a minimum.
 - I might want to break the options into a shared config file one day, so that config is more easily shared. That has motivated some of the design decisions.
 ### cibuildwheel's relationship with build errors
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
 - name: pikepdf
  gh: pikepdf/pikepdf
-  ci: [azurepipelines]
+  ci: [github]
  os: [windows, apple, linux]
 - name: fathon
@@ -363,3 +363,23 @@
  gh: LAMDA-NJU/Deep-Forest
  ci: [github]
  os: [apple, linux, windows]
 - name: cmake
  gh: scikit-build/cmake-python-distributions
  stars: Kitware/CMake
  ci: [github, travisci]
  os: [apple, linux, windows]
  notes: Multitagged binary builds for all supported platforms, using cibw 2 config configuration.
 - name: ninja
  gh: scikit-build/ninja-python-distributions
  ci: [github, travisci]
  os: [apple, linux, windows]
  notes: Multitagged binary builds for all supported platforms, using cibw 2 config configuration.
 - name: tgcalls
  gh: MarshalX/tgcalls
  pypi: pytgcalls
  ci: [github]
  os: [apple, windows]
  notes: Python `pybind11` binding to Telegram's WebRTC library with third party dependencies like `OpenSSL`, `MozJPEG`, `FFmpeg`, etc.
@@ -1 +1 @@
-<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16px" fill="#606060"><title>Azure Pipelines icon</title><path d="M1.8 18H0v6h6v-1.8H1.8zM23 0h-8.93a2 2 0 0 0-1.67.89L9 5.99H1a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v5.5l3.5 3.61 1.2-1.29 1.5 1.5L5 17.53l1.48 1.48 1.22-1.22 1.5 1.51L8 20.5l3.5 3.5H17a1 1 0 0 0 1-1v-8l5.11-3.4A2 2 0 0 0 24 9.92V1a1 1 0 0 0-1-1zm-5 9a3 3 0 1 1 0-6 3 3 0 0 1 0 6z"/></svg>
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16px" fill="#606060"><title>Azure Pipelines icon</title><path d="M1.7997 22.1998h4.2001V24H.0004v-6.0002h1.7993v4.2zM12.6229 9.8975l-7.6353 7.6353 1.4792 1.4792 7.6345-7.6362-1.4784-1.4783zM4.365 15.1793l-.391-.3908c-.5042-.5042-.5828-1.3004-.1869-1.8934l4.6036-6.8958H.9979c-.5513.0014-.9975.4487-.9975 1v5.5002l3.5021 3.6036.8625-.9238zM23.9996.9999v8.9306a2 2 0 0 1-.8893 1.6632l-12.2834 8.2005a.9999.9999 0 0 1-1.2622-.1246L8.04 18.1457c.3313-.3313 6.4656-6.4672 6.7684-6.7698l-2.1855-2.1855L5.8533 15.96l-1.5258-1.525a1.0001 1.0001 0 0 1-.1246-1.2623L12.4034.8893A2 2 0 0 1 14.0666 0h8.9331c.5522 0 .9999.4477.9999.9999zm-2.9997 5.0003c0-1.6567-1.343-2.9997-2.9997-2.9997s-2.9997 1.343-2.9997 2.9997 1.343 2.9997 2.9997 2.9997 2.9997-1.343 2.9997-2.9997zM10.272 20.4625c-.4008 0-.7776-.156-1.0609-.4392l-.368-.3679-.8435.8417 3.4996 3.4996h5.5003c.5522 0 .9999-.4477.9999-.9999v-7.3899L11.1045 20.21a1.4944 1.4944 0 0 1-.8325.2525z"/></svg>
@@ -1,11 +1,23 @@
 /* Global styles */
 body {
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
 }
 p {
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    line-height: 26px;
 }
 pre {
  margin: 1em 0;
 }
 pre:first-child {
  margin-top: 0;
 }
 code {
    font-size: 85%;
    background-color: rgba(27,31,35,.05);
@@ -18,11 +30,12 @@ code {
 code, pre, tt {
    font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, monospace;
    line-height: 1.4;
 }
-.hljs {
+pre code, pre code.hljs {
-    padding: 1em;
+  padding: 1em;
-    background-color: #f6f8fa;
+  background-color: #f6f8fa;
 }
 h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
@@ -112,7 +125,21 @@ h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
  background-color: white;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: flex-start;
-  border-bottom: 2px solid #ccc;
+  overflow-x: auto;
  overflow-y: hidden;
  position: relative;
 }
 .tabs-header::before {
  position: absolute;
  content: "";
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  height: 2px;
  background: #ccc;
 }
 .tabs-header > * {
  position: relative;
 }
 /* Style the buttons that are used to open the tab content */
@@ -126,15 +153,13 @@ h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
  font-size: 0.9em;
  font-weight: 600;
  padding: 8px 16px;
-  border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
+  border-bottom: 2px solid #ccc;
  /* put the border on top of the parent border */
  margin-bottom: -2px;
 }
 .tabs-header button:focus-visible {
-  /* preserve an outline for accesibility purposes */
+  /* preserve an outline for accessibility purposes */
  outline: 1px solid currentColor;
  outline-offset: -1px;
 }
 /* Change background color of buttons on hover */
@@ -153,4 +178,50 @@ h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
  background-color: #f1f6fa;
  padding: 1px 1em;
  padding-top: 0.8em;
  /* don't collapse inner margins */
  overflow-y: hidden;
 }
 /* Examples tabs styling */
 .tabs.examples .tabs-header {
  justify-content: flex-end;
  background-color: transparent;
  border-bottom-style: none;
  padding: 0;
 }
 .tabs.examples .tabs-header::before {
  height: 0;
 }
 .tabs.examples .tabs-header button {
  padding: 6px 12px;
  border-bottom: none;
  color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
  font-size: 0.8em;
  border-top-left-radius: 4px;
  border-top-right-radius: 4px;
 }
 .tabs-header button:hover {
  background-color: unset;
 }
 .tabs.examples .tabs-header button.active {
  border-bottom-style: none;
  background: #f6f8fa;
  color: inherit;
 }
 .tabs.examples .tabs-content {
  padding: 0;
  background-color: transparent;
  background-color: #f6f8fa;
 }
 .tabs.examples .tabs-content .tab > * {
  padding-left: 0.8em;
  padding-right: 0.8em;
 }
 .tabs.examples .tabs-content .tab > pre {
  padding-left: 0;
  padding-right: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0.5em;
 }
@@ -20,6 +20,17 @@ while (true) {
  tabContainer.insertBefore(firstTab);
  tabContainer.append(headerContainer, contentContainer)
  // add extra classes from the first tab to the container
  const classes = Array.from(firstTab[0].classList)
  for (let i = 0; i < classes.length; i++) {
    const element = classes[i];
    if (element == 'tab' || element == 'admonition') {
      continue
    }
    tabContainer.addClass(element)
  }
  const selectTab = function (index) {
    headerContainer.children().removeClass('active')
    headerContainer.children().eq(index).addClass('active')
@@ -2,35 +2,23 @@
 title: Tips and tricks
 ---
-### Troubleshooting
+## Tips
 If your wheel didn't compile, check the list below for some debugging tips.
 - A mistake in your config. To quickly test your config without doing a git push and waiting for your code to build on CI, you can test the Linux build in a Docker container. On Mac or Linux, with Docker running, try `cibuildwheel --platform linux`. You'll have to bring your config into the current environment first.
 - Missing dependency. You might need to install something on the build machine. You can do this in `.travis.yml`, `appveyor.yml`, or `.circleci/config.yml`, with apt-get, brew or choco. Given how the Linux build works, you'll need to use the [`CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD`](options.md#before-build) option.
 - Windows: missing C feature. The Windows C compiler doesn't support C language features invented after 1990, so you'll have to backport your C code to C90. For me, this mostly involved putting my variable declarations at the top of the function like an animal.
 - MacOS: calling cibuildwheel from a python3 script and getting a `ModuleNotFoundError`? Due to a (fixed) [bug](https://bugs.python.org/issue22490) in CPython, you'll need to [unset the `__PYVENV_LAUNCHER__` variable](https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/issues/133#issuecomment-478288597) before activating a venv.
 ### Building Python 2.7 / PyPy2 wheels
 See the [cibuildwheel verison 1 docs](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/1.x/) for information about building Python 2.7 or PyPy2 wheels. There are lots of tricks and workaround there that are no longer required for Python 3 in cibuildwheel 2.
 ### Linux builds on Docker
 Linux wheels are built in the [`manylinux` docker images](https://github.com/pypa/manylinux) to provide binary compatible wheels on Linux, according to [PEP 571](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0571/). Because of this, when building with `cibuildwheel` on Linux, a few things should be taken into account:
- Programs and libraries are not installed on the Travis CI Ubuntu host, but rather should be installed inside of the Docker image (using `yum` for `manylinux2010` or `manylinux2014`, and `apt-get` for `manylinux_2_24`) or manually. The same goes for environment variables that are potentially needed to customize the wheel building. `cibuildwheel` supports this by providing the `CIBW_ENVIRONMENT` and `CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD` options to setup the build environment inside the running Docker image. See [the options docs](options.md#build-environment) for details on these options.
+-   Programs and libraries are not installed on the CI runner host, but rather should be installed inside of the Docker image - using `yum` for `manylinux2010` or `manylinux2014`, and `apt-get` for `manylinux_2_24`, or manually. The same goes for environment variables that are potentially needed to customize the wheel building.
- The project directory is mounted in the running Docker instance as `/project`, the output directory for the wheels as `/output`. In general, this is handled transparently by `cibuildwheel`. For a more finegrained level of control however, the root of the host file system is mounted as `/host`, allowing for example to access shared files, caches, etc. on the host file system.  Note that this is not available on CircleCI due to their Docker policies.
+    `cibuildwheel` supports this by providing the [`CIBW_ENVIRONMENT`](options.md#environment) and [`CIBW_BEFORE_ALL`](options.md#before-all) options to setup the build environment inside the running Docker image.
- Alternative dockers images can be specified with the `CIBW_MANYLINUX_X86_64_IMAGE`, `CIBW_MANYLINUX_I686_IMAGE`, and `CIBW_MANYLINUX_PYPY_X86_64_IMAGE` options to allow for a custom, preconfigured build environment for the Linux builds. See [options](options.md#manylinux-image) for more details.
+-   The project directory is mounted in the running Docker instance as `/project`, the output directory for the wheels as `/output`. In general, this is handled transparently by `cibuildwheel`. For a more finegrained level of control however, the root of the host file system is mounted as `/host`, allowing for example to access shared files, caches, etc. on the host file system.  Note that `/host` is not available on CircleCI due to their Docker policies.
 -   Alternative Docker images can be specified with the `CIBW_MANYLINUX_*_IMAGE` options to allow for a custom, preconfigured build environment for the Linux builds. See [options](options.md#manylinux-image) for more details.
 ### Building macOS wheels for Apple Silicon {: #apple-silicon}
-`cibuildwheel` supports cross-compiling `universal2` and `arm64` wheels on `x86_64` runners. With the introduction of Apple Silicon, you now have several choices for wheels for Python 3.9+:
+`cibuildwheel` supports cross-compiling `universal2` and `arm64` wheels on `x86_64` runners. With the introduction of Apple Silicon, you now have several choices for wheels for Python 3.8+:
 #### `x86_64`
@@ -84,11 +72,12 @@ by default, and require opt-in by setting `CIBW_ARCHS_MACOS`.
 !!! note
    Your runner needs Xcode Command Line Tools 12.2 or later to build `universal2` or `arm64`.
-    So far, only CPython 3.9 supports `universal2` and `arm64` wheels.
+    Only CPython 3.8 and newer support `universal2` and `arm64` wheels.
 Here's an example GitHub Actions workflow with a job that builds for Apple Silicon:
 > .github/workflows/build_macos.yml
 ```yml
 {% include "../examples/github-apple-silicon.yml" %}
 ```
@@ -114,33 +103,6 @@ Linux), and the other architectures are emulated automatically.
 {% include "../examples/github-with-qemu.yml" %}
 ```
 ### Building Apple Silicon wheels on Intel {: #apple-silicon}
 `cibuildwheel` supports cross-compiling `universal2` and `arm64` wheels on `x86_64` runners.
 These wheels are not built by default, but can be enabled by setting the [`CIBW_ARCHS_MACOS` option](options.md#archs) to `x86_64 arm64 universal2`. Cross-compilation is provided by the Xcode toolchain.
 !!! important
    When cross-compiling on Intel, it is not possible to test `arm64` and the `arm64` part of a `universal2` wheel.
    `cibuildwheel` will raise a warning to notify you of this - these warnings be be silenced by skipping testing on these platforms: `CIBW_TEST_SKIP: *_arm64 *_universal2:arm64`.
 Hopefully, this is a temporary situation. Once we have widely available Apple Silicon CI runners, we can build and test `arm64` and `universal2` wheels more natively. That's why `universal2` wheels are not yet built by default, and require opt-in by setting `CIBW_ARCHS_MACOS`.
 !!! note
    Your runner image needs Xcode Command Line Tools 12.2 or later to build `universal2` and `arm64`.
    So far, only CPython 3.9 supports `universal2` and `arm64` wheels.
 Here's an example GitHub Actions workflow with a job that builds for Apple Silicon:
 > .github/workflows/build_macos.yml
 ```yml
 {% include "../examples/github-apple-silicon.yml" %}
 ```
 ### Building packages with optional C extensions
 `cibuildwheel` defines the environment variable `CIBUILDWHEEL` to the value `1` allowing projects for which the C extension is optional to make it mandatory when building wheels.
@@ -155,7 +117,145 @@ myextension = Extension(
 )
 ```
-### 'No module named XYZ' errors after running cibuildwheel on macOS
+### Automatic updates {: #automatic-updates}
 Selecting a moving target (like the latest release) is generally a bad idea in CI. If something breaks, you can't tell whether it was your code or an upstream update that caused the breakage, and in a worse-case scenario, it could occur during a release.
 There are two suggested methods for keeping cibuildwheel up to date that instead involve scheduled pull requests using GitHub's dependabot.
 #### Option 1: GitHub Action
 If you use GitHub Actions for builds, you can use cibuildwheel as an action:
 ```yaml
 uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.1.3
 ```
 This is a composite step that just runs cibuildwheel using pipx. You can set command-line options as `with:` parameters, and use `env:` as normal.
 Then, your `.github/dependabot.yml` file could look like this:
 ```yaml
 version: 2
 updates:
  - package-ecosystem: "github-actions"
    directory: "/"
    schedule:
      interval: "weekly"
    ignore:
      # Optional: Official actions have moving tags like v1;
      # if you use those, you don't need updates.
      - dependency-name: "actions/*"
 ```
 #### Option 2: Requirement files
 The second option, and the only one that supports other CI systems, is using a `requirements-*.txt` file. The file should have a distinct name and have only one entry:
 ```bash
 # requirements-cibw.txt
 cibuildwheel==2.1.3
 ```
 Then your install step would have `python -m pip install -r requirements-cibw.txt` in it. Your `.github/dependabot.yml` file could look like this:
 ```yaml
 version: 2
 updates:
  - package-ecosystem: "pip"
    directory: "/"
    schedule:
      interval: "daily"
 ```
 This will also try to update other pins in all requirement files, so be sure you want to do that. The only control you have over the files used is via the directory option.
 ### Alternatives to cibuildwheel options {: #cibw-options-alternatives}
 cibuildwheel provides lots of opportunities to configure the build
 environment. However, you  might consider adding this build configuration into
 the package itself - in general, this is preferred, because users of your
 package 'sdist' will also benefit.
 #### Missing build dependencies {: #cibw-options-alternatives-deps}
 If your build needs Python dependencies, rather than using CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD, it's best to add these to the
 [`build-system.requires`](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0518/#build-system-table)
 section of your pyproject.toml. For example, if your project requires Cython
 to build, your pyproject.toml might include a section like this:
 ```toml
 [build-system]
 requires = [
    "setuptools>=42",
    "wheel",
    "Cython",
 ]
 build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
 ```
 #### Actions you need to perform before building
 You might need to run some other commands before building, like running a
 script that performs codegen or downloading some data that's not stored in
 your source tree.
 Rather than using CIBW_BEFORE_ALL or CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD, you could incorporate
 these steps into your package's build process. For example, if you're using
 setuptools, you can add steps to your package's `setup.py` using a structure
 like this:
    ```python
    import subprocess
    import setuptools
    import setuptools.command.build_py
    class BuildPyCommand(setuptools.command.build_py.build_py):
      """Custom build command."""
      def run(self):
        # your custom build steps here
        # e.g.
        #   subprocess.run(['python', 'scripts/my_custom_script.py'], check=True)
        setuptools.command.build_py.build_py.run(self)
    setuptools.setup(
        cmdclass={
            'build_py': BuildPyCommand,
        },
        # Usual setup() args.
        # ...
    )
    ```
 #### Compiler flags
 Your build might need some compiler flags to be set through environment variables.
 Consider incorporating these into your package, for example, in `setup.py` using [`extra_compile_args` or
 `extra_link_args`](https://docs.python.org/3/distutils/setupscript.html#other-options).
 ### Python 2.7 / PyPy2 wheels
 See the [cibuildwheel version 1 docs](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/1.x/) for information about building Python 2.7 or PyPy2 wheels. There are lots of tricks and workaround there that are no longer required for Python 3 in cibuildwheel 2.
 ## Troubleshooting
 If your wheel didn't compile, you might have a mistake in your config.
 To quickly test your config without doing a git push and waiting for your code to build on CI, you can [test the Linux build in a local Docker container](setup.md#local).
 ### Missing dependencies
 You might need to install something on the build machine. You can do this with apt/yum, brew or choco, using the [`CIBW_BEFORE_ALL`](options.md#before-all) option. Or, for a Python dependency, consider [adding it to pyproject.toml](#cibw-options-alternatives-deps).
 ### macOS: ModuleNotFoundError
 Calling cibuildwheel from a python3 script and getting a `ModuleNotFoundError`? Due to a (fixed) [bug](https://bugs.python.org/issue22490) in CPython, you'll need to [unset the `__PYVENV_LAUNCHER__` variable](https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/issues/133#issuecomment-478288597) before activating a venv.
 ### macOS: 'No module named XYZ' errors after running cibuildwheel
 `cibuildwheel` on Mac installs the distributions from Python.org system-wide during its operation. This is necessary, but it can cause some confusing errors after cibuildwheel has finished.
@@ -179,7 +279,33 @@ python3 -m pip install twine
 python3 -m twine upload wheelhouse/*.whl
 ```
-### 'ImportError: DLL load failed: The specific module could not be found' error on Windows
+### macOS: Passing DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH to delocate
 macOS has built-in [System Integrity protections](https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/Security/Conceptual/System_Integrity_Protection_Guide/RuntimeProtections/RuntimeProtections.html) which limits the use of `DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH` and `LD_LIBRARY_PATH` so that it does not automatically pass to children processes. This means if you set `DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH` before running cibuildwheel, or even set it in `CIBW_ENVIRONMENT`, it will be stripped out of the environment before delocate is called.
 To work around this, use a different environment variable such as `REPAIR_LIBRARY_PATH` to store the library path, and set `DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH` in [`CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND_MACOS`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#repair-wheel-command), like this:
 !!! tab examples "Environment variables"
    ```yaml
    CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND_MACOS: >
        DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$REPAIR_LIBRARY_PATH delocate-listdeps {wheel} &&
        DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$REPAIR_LIBRARY_PATH delocate-wheel --require-archs {delocate_archs} -w {dest_dir} {wheel}
    ```
 !!! tab examples "pyproject.toml"
    ```toml
    [tool.cibuildwheel.macos]
    repair-wheel-command = [
        "DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$REPAIR_LIBRARY_PATH delocate-listdeps {wheel}",
        "DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$REPAIR_LIBRARY_PATH delocate-wheel --require-archs {delocate_archs} -w {dest_dir} {wheel}"
    ]
    ```
 See [#816](https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/issues/816), thanks to @phoerious for reporting.
 ### Windows: 'ImportError: DLL load failed: The specific module could not be found'
 Visual Studio and MSVC link the compiled binary wheels to the Microsoft Visual C++ Runtime. Normally, these are included with Python, but when compiling with a newer version of Visual Studio, it is possible users will run into problems on systems that do not have these runtime libraries installed. The solution is to ask users to download the corresponding Visual C++ Redistributable from the [Microsoft website](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/2977003/the-latest-supported-visual-c-downloads) and install it. Since a Python installation normally includes these VC++ Redistributable files for [the version of the MSVC compiler used to compile Python](https://wiki.python.org/moin/WindowsCompilers), this is typically only a problem when compiling a Python C extension with a newer compiler.
@@ -198,56 +324,3 @@ To add the `/d2FH4-` flag to a standard `setup.py` using `setuptools`, the `extr
 ```
 To investigate the dependencies of a C extension (i.e., the `.pyd` file, a DLL in disguise) on Windows, [Dependency Walker](http://www.dependencywalker.com/) is a great tool.
 ### Automatic updates {: #automatic-updates}
 Selecting a moving target (like the latest release) is generally a bad idea in CI. If something breaks, you can't tell whether it was your code or an upstream update that caused the breakage, and in a worse-case scenario, it could occur during a release.
 There are two suggested methods for keeping cibuildwheel up to date that instead involve scheduled pull requests using GitHub's dependabot.
 #### Option 1: GitHub Action
 If you use GitHub Actions for builds, you can use cibuildwheel as an action:
 ```yaml
 uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.0.0a2
 ```
 This is a composite step that just runs cibuildwheel using pipx. You can set command-line options as `with:` parameters, and use `env:` as normal.
 Then, your `dependabot.yml` file could look like this:
 ```yaml
 version: 2
 updates:
  - package-ecosystem: "github-actions"
    directory: "/"
    schedule:
      interval: "weekly"
    ignore:
      # Optional: Official actions have moving tags like v1;
      # if you use those, you don't need updates.
      - dependency-name: "actions/*"
 ```
 #### Option 2: Requirement files
 The second option, and the only one that supports other CI systems, is using a `requirements-*.txt` file. The file should have a distinct name and have only one entry:
 ```bash
 # requirements-cibw.txt
 cibuildwheel==2.0.0a2
 ```
 Then your install step would have `python -m pip install -r requirements-cibw.txt` in it. Your `dependabot.yml` file could look like this:
 ```yaml
 version: 2
 updates:
  - package-ecosystem: "pip"
    directory: "/"
    schedule:
      interval: "daily"
 ```
 This will also try to update other pins in all requirement files, so be sure you want to do that. The only control you have over the files used is via the directory option.
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
 import subprocess
 from typing import Any
 # Requires Python 3.7+
 def define_env(env: Any) -> None:
    "Hook function for mkdocs-macros"
    @env.macro
    def subprocess_run(*args: str) -> str:
        "Run a subprocess and return the stdout"
        return subprocess.run(args, check=True, capture_output=True, text=True).stdout
@@ -2,7 +2,79 @@
 title: 'Setup'
 ---
-# GitHub Actions [linux/mac/windows] {: #github-actions}
+# Run cibuildwheel locally (optional) {: #local}
 Before getting to CI setup, it can be convenient to test cibuildwheel
 locally to quickly iterate and track down issues. If you've got
 [Docker](https://www.docker.com/products/docker-desktop) installed on
 your development machine, you can run a Linux build without even
 touching CI.
 !!! tip
    You can run the Linux build on any platform. Even Windows can run
    Linux containers these days, but there are a few  hoops to jump
    through. Check [this document](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/virtualization/windowscontainers/quick-start/quick-start-windows-10-linux)
    for more info.
 This is convenient as it's quicker to iterate, and because the builds are
 happening in manylinux Docker containers, they're perfectly reproducible.
 Install cibuildwheel and run a build like this:
 ```sh
 pip install cibuildwheel
 cibuildwheel --platform linux
 ```
 Or, using [pipx](https://github.com/pypa/pipx):
 ```sh
 pipx run cibuildwheel --platform linux
 ```
 You should see the builds taking place. You can experiment with options using environment variables or pyproject.toml.
 !!! tab "Environment variables"
    cibuildwheel will read config from the environment. Syntax varies, depending on your shell:
    > POSIX shell (Linux/macOS)
    ```sh
    # run a command to set up the build system
    export CIBW_BEFORE_ALL='apt install libpng-dev'
    cibuildwheel --platform linux
    ```
    > CMD (Windows)
    ```bat
    set CIBW_BEFORE_ALL='apt install libpng-dev'
    cibuildwheel --platform linux
    ```
 !!! tab "pyproject.toml"
    If you write your options into [`pyproject.toml`](options.md#configuration-file), you can work on your options locally, and they'll be automatically picked up when running in CI.
    > pyproject.toml
    ```
    [tool.cibuildwheel]
    before-all = "apt install libpng-dev"
    ```
    Then invoke cibuildwheel, like:
    ```console
    cibuildwheel --platform linux
    ```
 # Configure a CI service
 ## GitHub Actions [linux/mac/windows] {: #github-actions}
 To build Linux, Mac, and Windows wheels using GitHub Actions, create a `.github/workflows/build_wheels.yml` file in your repo.
@@ -46,7 +118,7 @@ To build Linux, Mac, and Windows wheels using GitHub Actions, create a `.github/
          - uses: actions/checkout@v2
          - name: Build wheels
-            run: pipx run cibuildwheel==2.0.0a2
+            run: pipx run cibuildwheel==2.1.3
          - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
            with:
@@ -81,7 +153,7 @@ To build Linux, Mac, and Windows wheels using GitHub Actions, create a `.github/
          - uses: actions/setup-python@v2
          - name: Install cibuildwheel
-            run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.0.0a2
+            run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.1.3
          - name: Build wheels
            run: python -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
@@ -99,7 +171,7 @@ For more info on this file, check out the [docs](https://help.github.com/en/acti
 [`examples/github-deploy.yml`](https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/blob/main/examples/github-deploy.yml) extends this minimal example with a demonstration of how to automatically upload the built wheels to PyPI.
-# Azure Pipelines [linux/mac/windows] {: #azure-pipelines}
+## Azure Pipelines [linux/mac/windows] {: #azure-pipelines}
 To build Linux, Mac, and Windows wheels on Azure Pipelines, create a `azure-pipelines.yml` file in your repo.
@@ -113,7 +185,7 @@ Commit this file, enable building of your repo on Azure Pipelines, and push.
 Wheels will be stored for you and available through the Pipelines interface. For more info on this file, check out the [docs](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/devops/pipelines/yaml-schema).
-# Travis CI [linux/windows] {: #travis-ci}
+## Travis CI [linux/windows] {: #travis-ci}
 To build Linux and Windows wheels on Travis CI, create a `.travis.yml` file in your repo.
@@ -129,7 +201,7 @@ Then setup a deployment method by following the [Travis CI deployment docs](http
 [`examples/travis-ci-deploy.yml`](https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/blob/main/examples/travis-ci-deploy.yml) extends this minimal example with a demonstration of how to automatically upload the built wheels to PyPI.
-# AppVeyor [linux/mac/windows] {: #appveyor}
+## AppVeyor [linux/mac/windows] {: #appveyor}
 To build Linux, Mac, and Windows wheels on AppVeyor, create an `appveyor.yml` file in your repo.
@@ -145,7 +217,7 @@ AppVeyor will store the built wheels for you - you can access them from the proj
 For more info on this config file, check out the [docs](https://www.appveyor.com/docs/).
-# CircleCI [linux/mac] {: #circleci}
+## CircleCI [linux/mac] {: #circleci}
 To build Linux and Mac wheels on CircleCI, create a `.circleci/config.yml` file in your repo,
@@ -162,7 +234,7 @@ Commit this file, enable building of your repo on CircleCI, and push.
 CircleCI will store the built wheels for you - you can access them from the project console. Check out the CircleCI [docs](https://circleci.com/docs/2.0/configuration-reference/#section=configuration) for more info on this config file.
-# Gitlab CI [linux] {: #gitlab-ci}
+## Gitlab CI [linux] {: #gitlab-ci}
 To build Linux wheels on Gitlab CI, create a `.gitlab-ci.yml` file in your repo,
@@ -178,9 +250,13 @@ Gitlab will store the built wheels for you - you can access them from the Pipeli
 > ⚠️ Got an error? Check the [FAQ](faq.md).
 # Next steps
 Once you've got the wheel building successfully, you might want to set up [testing](options.md#test-command) or [automatic releases to PyPI](deliver-to-pypi.md#automatic-method).
 <script>
  document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
-    $('.toctree-l2 a, .rst-content h1').each(function(i, el) {
+    $('a.toctree-l3, .rst-content h2').each(function(i, el) {
      var text = $(el).text()
      var match = text.match(/(.*) \[([a-z/]+)\]/);
@@ -2,11 +2,216 @@
 title: Working examples
 ---
-{%
+<!-- START bin/projects.py -->
-   include-markdown "../README.md"
+
-   start="<!--working-examples-start-->"
+<!-- this section is generated by bin/projects.py. Don't edit it directly, instead, edit docs/data/projects.yml -->
-   end="<!--working-examples-end-->"
+
-%}
+| Name                              | CI | OS | Notes |
 |-----------------------------------|----|----|:------|
 | [scikit-learn][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The machine learning library. A complex but clean config using many of cibuildwheel's features to build a large project with Cython and C++ extensions.  |
 | [Matplotlib][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The venerable Matplotlib, a Python library with C++ portions |
 | [MyPy][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | MyPyC, the compiled component of MyPy. |
 | [psutil][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Cross-platform lib for process and system monitoring in Python |
 | [scikit-image][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Image processing library. Uses cibuildwheel to build and test a project that uses Cython with platform-native code.  |
 | [twisted-iocpsupport][]           | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] | A submodule of Twisted that hooks into native C APIs using Cython. |
 | [cmake][]                         | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Multitagged binary builds for all supported platforms, using cibw 2 config configuration. |
 | [websockets][]                    | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Library for building WebSocket servers and clients. Mostly written in Python, with a small C 'speedups' extension module.  |
 | [pyzmq][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python bindings for zeromq, the networking library. Uses Cython and CFFI.  |
 | [aiortc][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | WebRTC and ORTC implementation for Python using asyncio. |
 | [River][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | 🌊 Online machine learning in Python |
 | [coverage.py][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The coverage tool for Python |
 | [numexpr][]                       | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Fast numerical array expression evaluator for Python, NumPy, PyTables, pandas, bcolz and more |
 | [Dependency Injector][]           | ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Dependency injection framework for Python, uses Windows TravisCI |
 | [h5py][]                          | ![azurepipelines icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | HDF5 for Python -- The h5py package is a Pythonic interface to the HDF5 binary data format. |
 | [PyAV][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Pythonic bindings for FFmpeg's libraries. |
 | [PyTables][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A Python package to manage extremely large amounts of data |
 | [ruptures][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Extensive Cython + NumPy [pyproject.toml](https://github.com/deepcharles/ruptures/blob/master/pyproject.toml) example. |
 | [pikepdf][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A Python library for reading and writing PDF, powered by qpdf |
 | [aioquic][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | QUIC and HTTP/3 implementation in Python |
 | [google neuroglancer][]           | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | WebGL-based viewer for volumetric data |
 | [DeepForest][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | An Efficient, Scalable and Optimized Python Framework for Deep Forest (2021.2.1) |
 | [AutoPy][]                        | ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Includes a Windows Travis build. |
 | [Parselmouth][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A Python interface to the Praat software package, using pybind11, C++17 and CMake, with the core Praat static library built only once and shared between wheels. |
 | [H3-py][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Python bindings for H3, a hierarchical hexagonal geospatial indexing system |
 | [python-rapidjson][]              | ![travisci icon][] ![gitlab icon][] ![appveyor icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python wrapper around rapidjson |
 | [markupsafe][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Safely add untrusted strings to HTML/XML markup. |
 | [Rtree][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Rtree: spatial index for Python GIS ¶ |
 | [python-snappy][]                 | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Python bindings for the snappy google library |
 | [pybind11 cmake_example][]        | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Example pybind11 module built with a CMake-based build system |
 | [KDEpy][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Kernel Density Estimation in Python |
 | [tgcalls][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![windows icon][] | Python `pybind11` binding to Telegram's WebRTC library with third party dependencies like `OpenSSL`, `MozJPEG`, `FFmpeg`, etc. |
 | [dd-trace-py][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Uses custom alternate arch emulation on GitHub |
 | [pybind11 python_example][]       | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Example pybind11 module built with a Python-based build system |
 | [cyvcf2][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | cython + htslib == fast VCF and BCF processing |
 | [sourmash][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Quickly search, compare, and analyze genomic and metagenomic data sets. |
 | [time-machine][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Time mocking library using only the CPython C API. |
 | [matrixprofile][]                 | ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A Python 3 library making time series data mining tasks, utilizing matrix profile algorithms, accessible to everyone. |
 | [CTranslate2][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Includes libraries from the [Intel oneAPI toolkit](https://software.intel.com/content/www/us/en/develop/tools/oneapi/base-toolkit.html). The Linux wheels also include CUDA libraries for GPU execution. |
 | [iminuit][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Jupyter-friendly Python interface for C++ MINUIT2 |
 | [jq.py][]                         | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python bindings for jq |
 | [Tokenizer][]                     | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Fast and customizable text tokenization library with BPE and SentencePiece support |
 | [PyGLM][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Fast OpenGL Mathematics (GLM) for Python |
 | [bx-python][]                     | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A library that includes Cython extensions. |
 | [boost-histogram][]               | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Supports full range of wheels, including PyPy and alternate archs. |
 | [iDynTree][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] | Uses manylinux_2_24 |
 | [pybase64][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Fast Base64 encoding/decoding in Python |
 | [TgCrypto][]                      | ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Includes a Windows Travis build. |
 | [etebase-py][]                    | ![travisci icon][] | ![linux icon][] | Python bindings to a Rust library using `setuptools-rust`, and `sccache` for improved speed. |
 | [fathon][]                        | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | python package for DFA (Detrended Fluctuation Analysis) and related algorithms |
 | [pyjet][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The interface between FastJet and NumPy |
 | [numpythia][]                     | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The interface between PYTHIA and NumPy |
 | [polaroid][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Full range of wheels for setuptools rust, with auto release and PyPI deploy. |
 | [Imagecodecs (fork)][]            | ![azurepipelines icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Over 20 external dependencies in compiled libraries, custom docker image, `libomp`, `openblas` and `install_name_tool` for macOS. |
 | [ninja][]                         | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Multitagged binary builds for all supported platforms, using cibw 2 config configuration. |
 | [pybind11 scikit_build_example][] | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | An example combining scikit-build and pybind11 |
 | [GSD][]                           | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | Cython and NumPy project with 64-bit wheels. |
 | [pyinstrument_cext][]             | ![travisci icon][] ![appveyor icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A simple C extension, without external dependencies |
 | [xmlstarlet][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python 3.6+ CFFI bindings with true MSVC build. |
 | [CorrectionLib][]                 | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Structured JSON powered correction library for HEP, designed for the CMS experiment at CERN. |
 | [SiPM][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | High performance library for SiPM detectors simulation using C++17, OpenMP and AVX2 intrinsics. |
 | [pillow-heif][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python CFFI binding to libheif library with third party dependencies like `libde265`, `x265`, `libaom` with test & publishing on PyPi. |
 [scikit-learn]: https://github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn
 [Matplotlib]: https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib
 [MyPy]: https://github.com/mypyc/mypy_mypyc-wheels
 [psutil]: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil
 [scikit-image]: https://github.com/scikit-image/scikit-image
 [twisted-iocpsupport]: https://github.com/twisted/twisted-iocpsupport
 [cmake]: https://github.com/scikit-build/cmake-python-distributions
 [websockets]: https://github.com/aaugustin/websockets
 [pyzmq]: https://github.com/zeromq/pyzmq
 [aiortc]: https://github.com/aiortc/aiortc
 [River]: https://github.com/online-ml/river
 [coverage.py]: https://github.com/nedbat/coveragepy
 [numexpr]: https://github.com/pydata/numexpr
 [Dependency Injector]: https://github.com/ets-labs/python-dependency-injector
 [h5py]: https://github.com/h5py/h5py
 [PyAV]: https://github.com/PyAV-Org/PyAV
 [PyTables]: https://github.com/PyTables/PyTables
 [ruptures]: https://github.com/deepcharles/ruptures
 [pikepdf]: https://github.com/pikepdf/pikepdf
 [aioquic]: https://github.com/aiortc/aioquic
 [google neuroglancer]: https://github.com/google/neuroglancer
 [DeepForest]: https://github.com/LAMDA-NJU/Deep-Forest
 [AutoPy]: https://github.com/autopilot-rs/autopy
 [Parselmouth]: https://github.com/YannickJadoul/Parselmouth
 [H3-py]: https://github.com/uber/h3-py
 [python-rapidjson]: https://github.com/python-rapidjson/python-rapidjson
 [markupsafe]: https://github.com/pallets/markupsafe
 [Rtree]: https://github.com/Toblerity/rtree
 [python-snappy]: https://github.com/andrix/python-snappy
 [pybind11 cmake_example]: https://github.com/pybind/cmake_example
 [KDEpy]: https://github.com/tommyod/KDEpy
 [tgcalls]: https://github.com/MarshalX/tgcalls
 [dd-trace-py]: https://github.com/DataDog/dd-trace-py
 [pybind11 python_example]: https://github.com/pybind/python_example
 [cyvcf2]: https://github.com/brentp/cyvcf2
 [sourmash]: https://github.com/dib-lab/sourmash
 [time-machine]: https://github.com/adamchainz/time-machine
 [matrixprofile]: https://github.com/matrix-profile-foundation/matrixprofile
 [CTranslate2]: https://github.com/OpenNMT/CTranslate2
 [iminuit]: https://github.com/scikit-hep/iminuit
 [jq.py]: https://github.com/mwilliamson/jq.py
 [Tokenizer]: https://github.com/OpenNMT/Tokenizer
 [PyGLM]: https://github.com/Zuzu-Typ/PyGLM
 [bx-python]: https://github.com/bxlab/bx-python
 [boost-histogram]: https://github.com/scikit-hep/boost-histogram
 [iDynTree]: https://github.com/robotology/idyntree
 [pybase64]: https://github.com/mayeut/pybase64
 [TgCrypto]: https://github.com/pyrogram/tgcrypto
 [etebase-py]: https://github.com/etesync/etebase-py
 [fathon]: https://github.com/stfbnc/fathon
 [pyjet]: https://github.com/scikit-hep/pyjet
 [numpythia]: https://github.com/scikit-hep/numpythia
 [polaroid]: https://github.com/daggy1234/polaroid
 [Imagecodecs (fork)]: https://github.com/czaki/imagecodecs_build
 [ninja]: https://github.com/scikit-build/ninja-python-distributions
 [pybind11 scikit_build_example]: https://github.com/pybind/scikit_build_example
 [GSD]: https://github.com/glotzerlab/gsd
 [pyinstrument_cext]: https://github.com/joerick/pyinstrument_cext
 [xmlstarlet]: https://github.com/dimitern/xmlstarlet
 [CorrectionLib]: https://github.com/cms-nanoAOD/correctionlib
 [SiPM]: https://github.com/EdoPro98/SimSiPM
 [pillow-heif]: https://github.com/bigcat88/pillow_heif
 [appveyor icon]: data/readme_icons/appveyor.svg
 [github icon]: data/readme_icons/github.svg
 [azurepipelines icon]: data/readme_icons/azurepipelines.svg
 [circleci icon]: data/readme_icons/circleci.svg
 [gitlab icon]: data/readme_icons/gitlab.svg
 [travisci icon]: data/readme_icons/travisci.svg
 [windows icon]: data/readme_icons/windows.svg
 [apple icon]: data/readme_icons/apple.svg
 [linux icon]: data/readme_icons/linux.svg
 <!-- scikit-learn: 47447, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- Matplotlib: 14298, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- MyPy: 11423, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- psutil: 7713, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- scikit-image: 4542, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- twisted-iocpsupport: 4379, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- cmake: 4182, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- websockets: 3592, last pushed 1 days ago -->
 <!-- pyzmq: 2921, last pushed 1 days ago -->
 <!-- aiortc: 2601, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- River: 2571, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- coverage.py: 1742, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- numexpr: 1654, last pushed 10 days ago -->
 <!-- Dependency Injector: 1602, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- h5py: 1592, last pushed 1 days ago -->
 <!-- PyAV: 1356, last pushed 9 days ago -->
 <!-- PyTables: 1065, last pushed 9 days ago -->
 <!-- ruptures: 804, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- pikepdf: 759, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- aioquic: 748, last pushed 8 days ago -->
 <!-- google neuroglancer: 689, last pushed 1 days ago -->
 <!-- DeepForest: 661, last pushed 74 days ago -->
 <!-- AutoPy: 577, last pushed 110 days ago -->
 <!-- Parselmouth: 561, last pushed 1 days ago -->
 <!-- H3-py: 434, last pushed 28 days ago -->
 <!-- python-rapidjson: 429, last pushed 102 days ago -->
 <!-- markupsafe: 426, last pushed 1 days ago -->
 <!-- Rtree: 421, last pushed 199 days ago -->
 <!-- python-snappy: 407, last pushed 76 days ago -->
 <!-- pybind11 cmake_example: 315, last pushed 21 days ago -->
 <!-- KDEpy: 302, last pushed 124 days ago -->
 <!-- tgcalls: 273, last pushed 15 days ago -->
 <!-- dd-trace-py: 272, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- pybind11 python_example: 271, last pushed 20 days ago -->
 <!-- cyvcf2: 269, last pushed 35 days ago -->
 <!-- sourmash: 262, last pushed 2 days ago -->
 <!-- time-machine: 213, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- matrixprofile: 201, last pushed 102 days ago -->
 <!-- CTranslate2: 189, last pushed 1 days ago -->
 <!-- iminuit: 186, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- jq.py: 175, last pushed 64 days ago -->
 <!-- Tokenizer: 156, last pushed 5 days ago -->
 <!-- PyGLM: 119, last pushed 6 days ago -->
 <!-- bx-python: 106, last pushed 88 days ago -->
 <!-- boost-histogram: 92, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- iDynTree: 88, last pushed 2 days ago -->
 <!-- pybase64: 73, last pushed 0 days ago -->
 <!-- TgCrypto: 73, last pushed 2 days ago -->
 <!-- etebase-py: 52, last pushed 274 days ago -->
 <!-- fathon: 38, last pushed 125 days ago -->
 <!-- pyjet: 31, last pushed 20 days ago -->
 <!-- numpythia: 31, last pushed 20 days ago -->
 <!-- polaroid: 24, last pushed 3 days ago -->
 <!-- Imagecodecs (fork): 21, last pushed 40 days ago -->
 <!-- ninja: 19, last pushed 1 days ago -->
 <!-- pybind11 scikit_build_example: 17, last pushed 20 days ago -->
 <!-- GSD: 17, last pushed 33 days ago -->
 <!-- pyinstrument_cext: 10, last pushed 49 days ago -->
 <!-- xmlstarlet: 7, last pushed 75 days ago -->
 <!-- CorrectionLib: 7, last pushed 20 days ago -->
 <!-- SiPM: 4, last pushed 9 days ago -->
 <!-- pillow-heif: 2, last pushed 19 days ago -->
 <!-- END bin/projects.py -->
 > Add your repo here! Let us know on [GitHub Discussions](https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/discussions/485), or send a PR, adding your information to `docs/data/projects.yml`.
 >
 > <sup>I'd like to include notes here to indicate why an example might be interesting to cibuildwheel users - the styles/technologies/techniques used in each. Please include that in future additions!</sup>
 <style>
 .wy-nav-content {
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ stack: python 3.7
 init:
 - cmd: set PATH=C:\Python37;C:\Python37\Scripts;%PATH%
-install: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.0.0a2
+install: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.1.3
 build_script: python -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ jobs:
    - bash: |
        set -o errexit
        python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        pip3 install cibuildwheel==2.0.0a2
+        pip3 install cibuildwheel==2.1.3
      displayName: Install dependencies
    - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
      displayName: Build wheels
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
    - bash: |
        set -o errexit
        python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.0.0a2
+        python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.1.3
      displayName: Install dependencies
    - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
      displayName: Build wheels
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ jobs:
    - bash: |
        set -o errexit
        python -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        pip install cibuildwheel==2.0.0a2
+        pip install cibuildwheel==2.1.3
      displayName: Install dependencies
    - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
      displayName: Build wheels
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ jobs:
      - run:
          name: Build the Linux wheels.
          command: |
-            pip3 install --user cibuildwheel==2.0.0a2
+            pip3 install --user cibuildwheel==2.1.3
            cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
      - store_artifacts:
          path: wheelhouse/
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ jobs:
  osx-wheels:
    working_directory: ~/osx-wheels
    macos:
-      xcode: 10.0.0
+      xcode: 12.5.1
    steps:
      - checkout
      - run:
          name: Build the OS X wheels.
          command: |
-            pip3 install cibuildwheel==2.0.0a2
+            pip3 install cibuildwheel==2.1.3
            cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
      - store_artifacts:
          path: wheelhouse/
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
      - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.0.0a2
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.1.3
        env:
          CIBW_ARCHS_MACOS: x86_64 universal2
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ jobs:
          python-version: '3.8'
      - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.0.0a2
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.1.3
      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
        with:
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
      - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.0.0a2
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.1.3
        # to supply options, put them in 'env', like:
        # env:
        #   CIBW_SOME_OPTION: value
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ jobs:
          platforms: all
      - name: Build wheels
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.0.0a2
+        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@v2.1.3
        env:
          # configure cibuildwheel to build native archs ('auto'), and some
          # emulated ones
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ linux:
    DOCKER_TLS_CERTDIR: ""
  script:
    - curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh
-    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.0.0a2
+    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.1.3
    - cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
  artifacts:
    paths:
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ jobs:
        - ln -s /c/Python38/python.exe /c/Python38/python3.exe
 install:
-  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.0.0a2
+  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.1.3
 script:
  # build the wheels, put them into './wheelhouse'
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ jobs:
        - ln -s /c/Python38/python.exe /c/Python38/python3.exe
 install:
-  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.0.0a2
+  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.1.3
 script:
  # build the wheels, put them into './wheelhouse'
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ jobs:
    - stage: deploy
      name: Build and deploy Linux wheels
      services: docker
-      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.0.0a2
+      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.1.3
      script: python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
      after_success: |
        python3 -m pip install twine
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ jobs:
      name: Build and deploy Windows wheels
      os: windows
      language: shell
-      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.0.0a2
+      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.1.3
      script: python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
      after_success: |
        python3 -m pip install twine
@@ -41,3 +41,7 @@ markdown_extensions:
 plugins:
  - include-markdown
  - search
  - macros:
      module_name: docs/main
      j2_variable_start_string: «
      j2_variable_end_string: »
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ DIR = Path(__file__).parent.resolve()
@nox.session
-def tests(session):
+def tests(session: nox.Session) -> None:
    """
    Run the unit and regular tests.
    """
@@ -26,16 +26,16 @@ def tests(session):
@nox.session
-def lint(session):
+def lint(session: nox.Session) -> None:
    """
    Run the linter.
    """
    session.install("pre-commit")
-    session.run("pre-commit", "run", "--all-files")
+    session.run("pre-commit", "run", "--all-files", *session.posargs)
@nox.session(python=PYTHON_ALL_VERSIONS)
-def update_constraints(session):
+def update_constraints(session: nox.Session) -> None:
    """
    Update the dependencies inplace.
    """
@@ -44,26 +44,31 @@ def update_constraints(session):
@nox.session
-def update_pins(session):
+def update_pins(session: nox.Session) -> None:
    """
    Update the python and docker pins version inplace.
    """
-    session.install("-e", ".[dev]")
+    session.install("-e", ".[bin]")
    session.run("python", "bin/update_pythons.py", "--force")
    session.run("python", "bin/update_docker.py")
@nox.session
-def update_proj(session):
+def update_proj(session: nox.Session) -> None:
    """
    Update the README inplace.
    """
-    session.install("-e", ".[dev]")
+    session.install("-e", ".[bin]")
-    session.run("./bin/projects.py", "docs/data/projects.yml", "--readme=README.md")
+    session.run(
        "python",
        "bin/projects.py",
        "docs/data/projects.yml",
        *session.posargs,
    )
@nox.session
-def docs(session):
+def docs(session: nox.Session) -> None:
    """
    Build the docs.
    """
@@ -73,13 +78,13 @@ def docs(session):
        if "serve" in session.posargs:
            session.run("mkdocs", "serve")
        else:
-            print("Unrecognized args, use 'serve'")
+            session.error("Unrecognized args, use 'serve'")
    else:
        session.run("mkdocs", "build")
@nox.session
-def build(session):
+def build(session: nox.Session) -> None:
    """
    Build an SDist and wheel.
    """
@@ -6,6 +6,62 @@ requires = [
 build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
 [tool.black]
 line-length = 100
 target-version = ['py36', 'py37', 'py38', 'py39']
 [tool.isort]
 profile = "black"
 multi_line_output = 3
 [tool.pytest.ini_options]
 minversion = 6.0
 junit_family = "xunit2"
 testpaths = [
    "test",
    "unit_test",
 ]
 [tool.mypy]
 python_version = 3.7
 files = [
    "cibuildwheel/*.py",
    "test/**/*.py",
    "unit_test/**/*.py",
    "bin/*.py"
 ]
 warn_unused_configs = true
 warn_redundant_casts = true
 no_implicit_reexport = true
 strict_equality = true
 warn_unused_ignores = true
 check_untyped_defs = true
 disallow_subclassing_any = true
 disallow_any_generics = true
 warn_return_any = true
 no_implicit_optional = true
 [[tool.mypy.overrides]]
 module = "cibuildwheel.*"
 disallow_untyped_defs = true
 disallow_untyped_calls = true
 disallow_incomplete_defs = true
 disallow_untyped_decorators = true
 [[tool.mypy.overrides]]
 module = [
    "setuptools",
    "pytest", # ignored in pre-commit to speed up check
    "bashlex",
    "toml.encoder", # encoder missing from stub package
    "bracex",
    "importlib_resources",
    "nox",
    "github",
 ]
 ignore_missing_imports = true
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [metadata]
 name = cibuildwheel
-version = 2.0.0a2
+version = 2.1.3
 description = Build Python wheels on CI with minimal configuration.
 long_description = file: README.md
 long_description_content_type = text/markdown
@@ -65,57 +65,3 @@ exclude =
    env??/,
    .venv/,
    site/
 [tool:pytest]
 junit_family = xunit2
 testpaths =
    test
    unit_test
 [mypy]
 python_version = 3.7
 files = cibuildwheel/*.py,test/**/*.py,unit_test/**/*.py,bin/*.py
 warn_unused_configs = True
 warn_redundant_casts = True
 [mypy-test.*,mypy-unit_test.*]
 check_untyped_defs = True
 [mypy-cibuildwheel.*]
 disallow_any_generics = True
 disallow_subclassing_any = True
 disallow_untyped_calls = True
 disallow_untyped_defs = True
 disallow_incomplete_defs = True
 check_untyped_defs = True
 disallow_untyped_decorators = True
 no_implicit_optional = True
 warn_unused_ignores = True
 warn_return_any = True
 no_implicit_reexport = True
 strict_equality = True
 [mypy-setuptools.*]
 ignore_missing_imports = True
 # Ignored for pre-commit to speed up check
 # Not ignored if manually running and pytest installed
 [mypy-pytest.*]
 ignore_missing_imports = True
 [mypy-bashlex.*]
 ignore_missing_imports = True
 # Has type stubs, but no pyproject.toml or .pyi files in the wheel.
 [mypy-toml.*]
 ignore_missing_imports = True
 [mypy-bracex.*]
 ignore_missing_imports = True
 [mypy-importlib_resources.*]
 ignore_missing_imports = True
 [tool:isort]
 profile = black
 multi_line_output = 3
@@ -5,27 +5,42 @@ extras = {
        "mkdocs-include-markdown-plugin==2.8.0",
        "mkdocs==1.0.4",
        "pymdown-extensions",
        "mkdocs-macros-plugin",
    ],
    "test": [
        "jinja2",
-        "pytest>=4",
+        "pytest>=6",
        "pytest-timeout",
    ],
-    "dev": [
+    "bin": [
        "click",
        "ghapi",
        "mypy>=0.800",
        "packaging>=20.8",
        "pip-tools",
        "pygithub",
        "pyyaml",
        "requests",
        "rich>=9.6",
-        "typing-extensions",
+        "packaging>=21.0",
    ],
    "mypy": [
        "mypy>=0.901",
        "types-jinja2",
        "types-certifi",
        "types-toml",
        "types-jinja2",
        "types-pyyaml",
        "types-click",
        "types-requests",
        "types-toml",
    ],
 }
 extras["dev"] = [
    *extras["mypy"],
    *extras["test"],
    *extras["bin"],
 ]
 extras["all"] = sum(extras.values(), [])
 extras["dev"] += extras["test"]
 setup(extras_require=extras)
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 from typing import Dict
 import pytest
-def pytest_addoption(parser):
+def pytest_addoption(parser) -> None:
    parser.addoption(
        "--run-emulation", action="store_true", default=False, help="run emulation tests"
    )
@@ -11,7 +13,7 @@ def pytest_configure(config):
    config.addinivalue_line("markers", "emulation: mark test requiring qemu binfmt_misc to run")
-def pytest_collection_modifyitems(config, items):
+def pytest_collection_modifyitems(config, items) -> None:
    if config.getoption("--run-emulation"):
        # --run-emulation given in cli: do not skip emulation tests
        return
@@ -19,3 +21,10 @@ def pytest_collection_modifyitems(config, items):
    for item in items:
        if "emulation" in item.keywords:
            item.add_marker(skip_emulation)
@pytest.fixture(
    params=[{"CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND": "pip"}, {"CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND": "build"}], ids=["pip", "build"]
 )
 def build_frontend_env(request) -> Dict[str, str]:
    return request.param  # type: ignore
@@ -18,12 +18,12 @@ basic_project = test_projects.new_c_project(
 )
-def test(tmp_path):
+def test(tmp_path, build_frontend_env):
    project_dir = tmp_path / "project"
    basic_project.generate(project_dir)
    # build the wheels
-    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir)
+    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, add_env=build_frontend_env)
    # check that the expected wheels are produced
    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0")
@@ -25,8 +25,13 @@ project_with_before_build_asserts = test_projects.new_c_project(
            stored_executable = f.read()
        print('stored_executable', stored_executable)
        print('sys.executable', sys.executable)
        # windows/mac are case insensitive
-        assert os.path.realpath(stored_executable).lower() == os.path.realpath(sys.executable).lower()
+        stored_path = os.path.realpath(stored_executable).lower()
        current_path = os.path.realpath(sys.executable).lower()
        # TODO: This is not valid in an virtual environment
        assert stored_path == current_path, '{0} != {1}'.format(stored_path, current_path)
        """
    )
 )
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ def get_versions_from_constraint_file(constraint_file):
@pytest.mark.parametrize("python_version", ["3.6", "3.8", "3.9"])
-def test_pinned_versions(tmp_path, python_version):
+def test_pinned_versions(tmp_path, python_version, build_frontend_env):
    if utils.platform == "linux":
        pytest.skip("linux doesn't pin individual tool versions, it pins manylinux images instead")
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@ def test_pinned_versions(tmp_path, python_version):
        add_env={
            "CIBW_BUILD": build_pattern,
            "CIBW_ENVIRONMENT": cibw_environment_option,
            **build_frontend_env,
        },
    )
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ def test_pinned_versions(tmp_path, python_version):
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
-def test_dependency_constraints_file(tmp_path):
+def test_dependency_constraints_file(tmp_path, build_frontend_env):
    if utils.platform == "linux":
        pytest.skip("linux doesn't pin individual tool versions, it pins manylinux images instead")
@@ -118,10 +119,10 @@ def test_dependency_constraints_file(tmp_path):
        "pip": "20.0.2",
        "setuptools": "53.0.0",
        "wheel": "0.34.2",
-        "virtualenv": "20.0.10",
+        "virtualenv": "20.0.35",
    }
-    constraints_file = tmp_path / "constraints.txt"
+    constraints_file = tmp_path / "constraints file.txt"
    constraints_file.write_text(
        textwrap.dedent(
            """
@@ -129,6 +130,7 @@ def test_dependency_constraints_file(tmp_path):
            setuptools=={setuptools}
            wheel=={wheel}
            virtualenv=={virtualenv}
            importlib-metadata<3,>=0.12; python_version < "3.8"
            """.format(
                **tool_versions
            )
@@ -149,6 +151,7 @@ def test_dependency_constraints_file(tmp_path):
        add_env={
            "CIBW_ENVIRONMENT": cibw_environment_option,
            "CIBW_DEPENDENCY_VERSIONS": str(constraints_file),
            **build_frontend_env,
        },
    )
@@ -42,13 +42,9 @@ def test(tmp_path):
    )
    # also check that we got the right wheels built
    # there's no auditwheel 4+ on dockcross image
    # remove manylinux1 wheels from the list of actual_wheels
    # and restrict expected_wheels to manylinux2010 wheels
    actual_wheels = [w for w in actual_wheels if "-manylinux1" not in w]
    expected_wheels = [
        w
-        for w in utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0", manylinux_versions=["manylinux2010"])
+        for w in utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0")
        if "-cp36-" in w or "-cp37-" in w or "-cp38-" in w or "-cp39-" in w
    ]
    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
 import os
 import textwrap
 from . import test_projects, utils
@@ -33,13 +32,13 @@ build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
 """
-def test_pep518(tmp_path):
+def test_pep518(tmp_path, build_frontend_env):
    project_dir = tmp_path / "project"
    basic_project.generate(project_dir)
    # build the wheels
-    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir)
+    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, add_env=build_frontend_env)
    # check that the expected wheels are produced
    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0")
@@ -50,4 +49,12 @@ def test_pep518(tmp_path):
    assert not (project_dir / "42").exists()
    assert not (project_dir / "4.1.2").exists()
-    assert len(os.listdir(project_dir)) == len(basic_project.files)
+    # pypa/build creates a "build" folder & a "*.egg-info" folder for the wheel being built,
    # this should be harmless so remove them
    contents = [
        item
        for item in project_dir.iterdir()
        if item.name != "build" and not item.name.endswith(".egg-info")
    ]
    assert len(contents) == len(basic_project.files)
@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
-from .base import TestProject  # noqa
+from .base import TestProject
-from .c import new_c_project  # noqa
+from .c import new_c_project
 __all__ = ("TestProject", "new_c_project")
@@ -3,30 +3,58 @@ import subprocess
 import pytest
 from . import utils
-from .test_projects import TestProject
+from .test_projects import TestProject, new_c_project
-so_file_project = TestProject()
+SO_FILE_WARNING = "NOTE: Shared object (.so) files found in this project."
 so_file_project.files["libnothing.so"] = ""
 so_file_project.files[
    "setup.py"
 ] = """
 raise Exception('this build will fail')
 """
-def test_failed_project_with_so_files(tmp_path, capfd):
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("project_contains_so_files", [False, True])
 def test_failed_build_with_so_files(tmp_path, capfd, build_frontend_env, project_contains_so_files):
    project = TestProject()
    project.files["setup.py"] = "raise Exception('this build will fail')\n"
    if project_contains_so_files:
        project.files["libnothing.so"] = ""
    if utils.platform != "linux":
        pytest.skip("this test is only relevant to the linux build")
    project_dir = tmp_path / "project"
-    so_file_project.generate(project_dir)
+    project.generate(project_dir)
    with pytest.raises(subprocess.CalledProcessError):
-        utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir)
+        utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, add_env=build_frontend_env)
    captured = capfd.readouterr()
    print("out", captured.out)
    print("err", captured.err)
-    assert "NOTE: Shared object (.so) files found in this project." in captured.err
+
    if project_contains_so_files:
        assert SO_FILE_WARNING in captured.err
    else:
        assert SO_FILE_WARNING not in captured.err
@pytest.mark.parametrize("project_contains_so_files", [False, True])
 def test_failed_repair_with_so_files(tmp_path, capfd, project_contains_so_files):
    if utils.platform != "linux":
        pytest.skip("this test is only relevant to the linux build")
    project = new_c_project()
    if project_contains_so_files:
        project.files["libnothing.so"] = ""
    project_dir = tmp_path / "project"
    project.generate(project_dir)
    with pytest.raises(subprocess.CalledProcessError):
        utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, add_env={"CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND": "false"})
    captured = capfd.readouterr()
    print("out", captured.out)
    print("err", captured.err)
    if project_contains_so_files:
        assert SO_FILE_WARNING in captured.err
    else:
        assert SO_FILE_WARNING not in captured.err
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ def test_compare_configs():
    dict_txt = toml.loads(txt)
-    new_txt = toml.dumps(dict_txt, encoder=InlineArrayDictEncoder())
+    new_txt = toml.dumps(dict_txt, encoder=InlineArrayDictEncoder())  # type: ignore
    print(new_txt)
    assert new_txt == txt
@@ -35,6 +35,6 @@ python_configurations = [
 ]
 """
-    output = toml.dumps(example, encoder=InlineArrayDictEncoder())
+    output = toml.dumps(example, encoder=InlineArrayDictEncoder())  # type: ignore
    print(output)
    assert output == result
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 import pytest
 from packaging.specifiers import SpecifierSet
 from cibuildwheel.util import BuildSelector
@@ -8,7 +9,7 @@ def test_build():
    assert build_selector("cp36-manylinux_x86_64")
    assert build_selector("cp37-manylinux_x86_64")
-    assert not build_selector("cp310-manylinux_x86_64")
+    assert build_selector("cp310-manylinux_x86_64")
    assert build_selector("pp36-manylinux_x86_64")
    assert build_selector("pp37-manylinux_x86_64")
    assert build_selector("cp36-manylinux_i686")
@@ -26,11 +27,12 @@ def test_build():
    assert not build_selector("pp37-win32")
    assert build_selector("cp36-win_amd64")
    assert build_selector("cp37-win_amd64")
-    assert not build_selector("cp310-win_amd64")
+    assert build_selector("cp310-win_amd64")
    assert not build_selector("pp36-win_amd64")
    assert not build_selector("pp37-win_amd64")
@pytest.mark.skip("this test only makes sense when we have a prerelease python to test with")
 def test_build_filter_pre():
    build_selector = BuildSelector(
        build_config="cp3*-* *-manylinux*",
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ def test_container_removed():
            stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
            universal_newlines=True,
        ).stdout
        assert container.name is not None
        assert container.name in docker_containers_listing
        old_container_name = container.name
@@ -106,10 +106,12 @@ def test_substitution_with_backslash():
 def test_awkwardly_quoted_variable():
    environment_recipe = parse_environment(
-        'VAR2=something"like this""$VAR1"$VAR1$(echo "theres more")"$(echo "and more!")"'
+        'VAR2=something"like this""$VAR1"$VAR1$(echo "there is more")"$(echo "and more!")"'
    )
    # pass the existing process env so PATH is available
    environment_dict = environment_recipe.as_dictionary({"VAR1": "but wait"})
-    assert environment_dict.get("VAR2") == "somethinglike thisbut waitbut waittheres moreand more!"
+    assert (
        environment_dict.get("VAR2") == "somethinglike thisbut waitbut waitthere is moreand more!"
    )
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ def test_test_command(
    main()
-    assert intercepted_build_args.args[0].test_command == test_command
+    assert intercepted_build_args.args[0].test_command == (test_command or "")
@pytest.mark.parametrize("before_build", [None, "before --build"])
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ def test_before_build(
    main()
-    assert intercepted_build_args.args[0].before_build == before_build
+    assert intercepted_build_args.args[0].before_build == (before_build or "")
@pytest.mark.parametrize("build_verbosity", [None, 0, 2, -2, 4, -4])
@@ -286,7 +286,4 @@ def test_before_all(before_all, platform_specific, platform, intercepted_build_a
    main()
-    if before_all is None:
+    assert intercepted_build_args.args[0].before_all == (before_all or "")
        before_all = ""
    assert intercepted_build_args.args[0].before_all == before_all
@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
 import pytest
 from cibuildwheel.options import ConfigOptionError, ConfigOptions
 PYPROJECT_1 = """
 [tool.cibuildwheel]
 build = "cp39*"
 environment = {THING = "OTHER", FOO="BAR"}
 test-command = "pyproject"
 test-requires = "something"
 test-extras = ["one", "two"]
 manylinux-x86_64-image = "manylinux1"
 [tool.cibuildwheel.macos]
 test-requires = "else"
 [tool.cibuildwheel.linux]
 test-requires = ["other", "many"]
 """
@pytest.fixture(params=["linux", "macos", "windows"])
 def platform(request):
    return request.param
@pytest.mark.parametrize("fname", ["pyproject.toml", "cibuildwheel.toml"])
 def test_simple_settings(tmp_path, platform, fname):
    with tmp_path.joinpath(fname).open("w") as f:
        f.write(PYPROJECT_1)
    options = ConfigOptions(tmp_path, f"{{package}}/{fname}", platform=platform)
    assert options("build", env_plat=False, sep=" ") == "cp39*"
    assert options("test-command") == "pyproject"
    assert options("archs", sep=" ") == "auto"
    assert (
        options("test-requires", sep=" ")
        == {"windows": "something", "macos": "else", "linux": "other many"}[platform]
    )
    # Also testing options for support for both lists and tables
    assert (
        options("environment", table={"item": '{k}="{v}"', "sep": " "}) == 'THING="OTHER" FOO="BAR"'
    )
    assert (
        options("environment", sep="x", table={"item": '{k}="{v}"', "sep": " "})
        == 'THING="OTHER" FOO="BAR"'
    )
    assert options("test-extras", sep=",") == "one,two"
    assert options("test-extras", sep=",", table={"item": '{k}="{v}"', "sep": " "}) == "one,two"
    assert options("manylinux-x86_64-image") == "manylinux1"
    assert options("manylinux-i686-image") == "manylinux2010"
    with pytest.raises(ConfigOptionError):
        options("environment", sep=" ")
    with pytest.raises(ConfigOptionError):
        options("test-extras", table={"item": '{k}="{v}"', "sep": " "})
 def test_envvar_override(tmp_path, platform, monkeypatch):
    monkeypatch.setenv("CIBW_BUILD", "cp38*")
    monkeypatch.setenv("CIBW_MANYLINUX_X86_64_IMAGE", "manylinux2014")
    monkeypatch.setenv("CIBW_TEST_COMMAND", "mytest")
    monkeypatch.setenv("CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES", "docs")
    monkeypatch.setenv("CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES_LINUX", "scod")
    with tmp_path.joinpath("pyproject.toml").open("w") as f:
        f.write(PYPROJECT_1)
    options = ConfigOptions(tmp_path, platform=platform)
    assert options("archs", sep=" ") == "auto"
    assert options("build", sep=" ") == "cp38*"
    assert options("manylinux-x86_64-image") == "manylinux2014"
    assert options("manylinux-i686-image") == "manylinux2010"
    assert (
        options("test-requires", sep=" ")
        == {"windows": "docs", "macos": "docs", "linux": "scod"}[platform]
    )
    assert options("test-command") == "mytest"
 def test_project_global_override_default_platform(tmp_path, platform):
    tmp_path.joinpath("pyproject.toml").write_text(
        """
 [tool.cibuildwheel]
 repair-wheel-command = "repair-project-global"
 """
    )
    options = ConfigOptions(tmp_path, platform=platform)
    assert options("repair-wheel-command") == "repair-project-global"
 def test_env_global_override_default_platform(tmp_path, platform, monkeypatch):
    monkeypatch.setenv("CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND", "repair-env-global")
    options = ConfigOptions(tmp_path, platform=platform)
    assert options("repair-wheel-command") == "repair-env-global"
 def test_env_global_override_project_platform(tmp_path, platform, monkeypatch):
    monkeypatch.setenv("CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND", "repair-env-global")
    tmp_path.joinpath("pyproject.toml").write_text(
        """
 [tool.cibuildwheel.linux]
 repair-wheel-command = "repair-project-linux"
 [tool.cibuildwheel.windows]
 repair-wheel-command = "repair-project-windows"
 [tool.cibuildwheel.macos]
 repair-wheel-command = "repair-project-macos"
 """
    )
    options = ConfigOptions(tmp_path, platform=platform)
    assert options("repair-wheel-command") == "repair-env-global"
 def test_global_platform_order(tmp_path, platform):
    tmp_path.joinpath("pyproject.toml").write_text(
        """
 [tool.cibuildwheel.linux]
 repair-wheel-command = "repair-project-linux"
 [tool.cibuildwheel.windows]
 repair-wheel-command = "repair-project-windows"
 [tool.cibuildwheel.macos]
 repair-wheel-command = "repair-project-macos"
 [tool.cibuildwheel]
 repair-wheel-command = "repair-project-global"
 """
    )
    options = ConfigOptions(tmp_path, platform=platform)
    assert options("repair-wheel-command") == f"repair-project-{platform}"
 def test_unexpected_key(tmp_path):
    # Note that platform contents are only checked when running
    # for that platform.
    tmp_path.joinpath("pyproject.toml").write_text(
        """
 [tool.cibuildwheel]
 repairs-wheel-command = "repair-project-linux"
 """
    )
    with pytest.raises(ConfigOptionError):
        ConfigOptions(tmp_path, platform="linux")
 def test_unexpected_table(tmp_path):
    tmp_path.joinpath("pyproject.toml").write_text(
        """
 [tool.cibuildwheel.linus]
 repair-wheel-command = "repair-project-linux"
 """
    )
    with pytest.raises(ConfigOptionError):
        ConfigOptions(tmp_path, platform="linux")
 def test_unsupported_join(tmp_path):
    tmp_path.joinpath("pyproject.toml").write_text(
        """
 [tool.cibuildwheel]
 build = ["1", "2"]
 """
    )
    options = ConfigOptions(tmp_path, platform="linux")
    assert "1, 2" == options("build", sep=", ")
    with pytest.raises(ConfigOptionError):
        options("build")
 def test_disallowed_a(tmp_path):
    tmp_path.joinpath("pyproject.toml").write_text(
        """
 [tool.cibuildwheel.windows]
 manylinux-x64_86-image = "manylinux1"
 """
    )
    disallow = {"windows": {"manylinux-x64_86-image"}}
    ConfigOptions(tmp_path, platform="linux", disallow=disallow)
    with pytest.raises(ConfigOptionError):
        ConfigOptions(tmp_path, platform="windows", disallow=disallow)
`@@ -1 +1 @@`
	`__version__ = "2.0.0a2"`	`__version__ = "2.1.3"`
		`@@ -1 +1 @@`
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