Bump version: v1.7.3

[Bot] Update dependencies

.circleci/config.yml

@@ -1,25 +1,9 @@
 version: 2
 
 jobs:
-  flake8-mypy:
-    docker:
-      - image: circleci/python:3.6
-    steps:
-      - checkout
-
-      - run:
-          name: Install flake8 & mypy
-          command: sudo python -m pip install flake8 mypy
-      - run:
-          name: flake8
-          command: flake8
-      - run:
-          name: mypy
-          command: mypy
-
   osx-python3.6:
     macos:
-      xcode: "9.4.1"
+      xcode: 9.4.1
     environment:
       PYTHON: python3
     steps:
@@ -54,6 +38,5 @@ workflows:
   version: 2
   all-tests:
     jobs:
-      - flake8-mypy
       - osx-python3.6
       - linux-python3.6

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -1,22 +1,32 @@
 name: Test
 
 on:
-  push: {}
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
   pull_request:
     paths-ignore:
       - 'docs/**'
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    # allow manual runs on branches without a PR
 
 jobs:
-  test:
-    # skip branch builds on joerick/cibuildwheel, but always build `master` and pull requests
-    if: github.repository != 'joerick/cibuildwheel' || github.ref == 'refs/heads/master' || github.event_name == 'pull_request'
+  pre-commit:
+    name: Pre-commit checks (mypy, flake8, etc.)
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@v2
+    - uses: pre-commit/action@v2.0.0
 
+  test:
     name: Test cibuildwheel on ${{ matrix.os }}
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     strategy:
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-18.04, windows-latest, macos-latest]
         python_version: ['3.7']
+    timeout-minutes: 180
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v2
     - uses: actions/setup-python@v2
@@ -27,10 +37,21 @@ jobs:
     - name: Install dependencies
       run: |
         python -m pip install -r requirements-dev.txt
+
     - name: Install Visual C++ for Python 2.7
       if: runner.os == 'Windows'
       run: |
         choco install vcpython27 -f -y
+
+    - name: Get PR labels
+      id: pr-labels
+      uses: joerick/pr-labels-action@v1.0.6
+
+    - name: Sample build
+      if: contains(steps.pr-labels.outputs.labels, ' ci-sample-build ')
+      run: |
+        python bin/sample_build.py
+
     - name: Test cibuildwheel
       run: |
         python ./bin/run_tests.py

.github/workflows/update-dependencies.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+name: Update dependencies
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '0 6 * * 1'  # "At 06:00 on Monday."
+
+jobs:
+  update-dependencies:
+    name: Update dependencies
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@v2
+      name: Install Python 3.9
+      with:
+        python-version: 3.9
+        architecture: x64
+    - name: Install dependencies
+      run: python -m pip install requests pip-tools
+    - name: Run update
+      run: python ./bin/update_dependencies.py
+    - name: Create Pull Request
+      if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/master'
+      uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@v3
+      with:
+        commit-message: Update dependencies
+        title: '[Bot] Update dependencies'
+        body: |
+          Update the versions of our dependencies.
+
+          PR generated by "Update dependencies" [workflow](https://github.com/${{github.repository}}/actions/runs/${{github.run_id}}).
+        branch: update-dependencies-pr
+        delete-branch: true

.gitlab-ci.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+linux:
+  image: python:3.8
+  services:
+    - name: docker:dind
+      entrypoint: ["env", "-u", "DOCKER_HOST"]
+      command: ["dockerd-entrypoint.sh"]
+  variables:
+    DOCKER_HOST: tcp://docker:2375/
+    DOCKER_DRIVER: overlay2
+    # See https://github.com/docker-library/docker/pull/166
+    DOCKER_TLS_CERTDIR: ""
+  script:
+    - curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh
+    - python -m pip install -r requirements-dev.txt
+    - python ./bin/run_tests.py

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -1,21 +1,25 @@
 repos:
--   repo: https://gitlab.com/pycqa/flake8
-    rev: 3.8.1
-    hooks:
-    - id: flake8
-      pass_filenames: true
-      # this seems to need to be here in addition to setup.cfg
-      exclude: cibuildwheel/resources/
--   repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
-    rev: v2.3.0
-    hooks:
-    - id: check-yaml
-    - id: check-merge-conflict
-    - id: end-of-file-fixer
-      exclude: cibuildwheel/resources/pinned_docker_images.cfg
--   repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy
-    rev: ''  # Use the sha / tag you want to point at
-    hooks:
-    - id: mypy
-      files: cibuildwheel|test
-      exclude: cibuildwheel/resources
+- repo: https://gitlab.com/pycqa/flake8
+  rev: 3.8.3
+  hooks:
+  - id: flake8
+    exclude: cibuildwheel/resources/
+    additional_dependencies: [flake8-bugbear]
+
+- repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
+  rev: v3.2.0
+  hooks:
+  - id: check-case-conflict
+  - id: check-merge-conflict
+  - id: check-yaml
+  - id: end-of-file-fixer
+    exclude: (cibuildwheel/resources/pinned_docker_images.cfg)|(.svg$)
+  - id: mixed-line-ending
+  - id: trailing-whitespace
+
+- repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy
+  rev: v0.782
+  hooks:
+  - id: mypy
+    files: ^(cibuildwheel/|test/|bin/projects.py)
+    pass_filenames: false

.travis.yml

@@ -28,7 +28,9 @@ jobs:
 
     - name: macOS | x86_64 | Python 3.x
       os: osx
-      env: PYTHON=python3
+      env:
+        - PYTHON=python3
+        - PYTEST_ADDOPTS='-k "unit_test or test_0_basic" --suppress-no-test-exit-code'
 
     - name: Windows | x86_64 | Python 3.6
       os: windows
@@ -52,6 +54,6 @@ jobs:
     # must repeat the s390x job above exactly to match
     - *linux_s390x_36
 
-install: $PYTHON -m pip install -r requirements-dev.txt
+install: $PYTHON -m pip install -r requirements-dev.txt pytest-custom-exit-code
 
 script: $PYTHON ./bin/run_tests.py

README.md

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ cibuildwheel
 
 Python wheels are great. Building them across **Mac, Linux, Windows**, on **multiple versions of Python**, is not.
 
-`cibuildwheel` is here to help. `cibuildwheel` runs on your CI server - currently it supports Azure Pipelines, Travis CI, AppVeyor, GitHub Actions and CircleCI - and it builds and tests your wheels across all of your platforms.
+`cibuildwheel` is here to help. `cibuildwheel` runs on your CI server - currently it supports GitHub Actions, Azure Pipelines, Travis CI, AppVeyor, and CircleCI - and it builds and tests your wheels across all of your platforms.
 
 
 What does it do?
@@ -17,18 +17,19 @@ What does it do?
 
 |   | macOS x86_64 | Windows 64bit | Windows 32bit | manylinux x86_64 | manylinux i686 | manylinux aarch64 | manylinux ppc64le | manylinux s390x |
 |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
-| CPython 2.7     | ✅ | ✅¹ | ✅¹ | ✅ | ✅ |     |     |     |
-| CPython 3.5     | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅ | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² |
-| CPython 3.6     | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅ | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² |
-| CPython 3.7     | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅ | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² |
-| CPython 3.8     | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅ | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² |
-| CPython 3.9³    | 🛠 | 🛠  | 🛠  | 🛠 | 🛠 | 🛠  | 🛠  |    |
-| PyPy 2.7 v7.3.0 | ✅ |     | ✅  | ✅ |    |     |     |     |
-| PyPy 3.6 v7.3.0 | ✅ |     | ✅  | ✅ |    |     |     |     |
+| CPython 2.7     | ✅ | ✅¹ | ✅¹ | ✅ | ✅ |    |    |    |
+| CPython 3.5     | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅ | ✅ | ✅² | ✅² | ✅³ |
+| CPython 3.6     | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅ | ✅ | ✅² | ✅² | ✅³ |
+| CPython 3.7     | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅ | ✅ | ✅² | ✅² | ✅³ |
+| CPython 3.8     | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅ | ✅ | ✅² | ✅² | ✅³ |
+| CPython 3.9     | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅ | ✅ | ✅² | ✅² | ✅³ |
+| PyPy 2.7 v7.3.3 | ✅ |    | ✅  | ✅ |    |    |    |    |
+| PyPy 3.6 v7.3.3 | ✅ |    | ✅  | ✅ |    |    |    |    |
+| PyPy 3.7 (beta) v7.3.3 | ✅ |    | ✅  | ✅ |    |    |    |    |
 
 <sup>¹ Not supported on Travis</sup><br>
-<sup>² Beta support until Travis CI fixes <a href="https://travis-ci.community/t/no-space-left-on-device-for-system-z/5954/11">a bug</a></sup><br>
-<sup>³ Python 3.9 is not yet ABI stable, so you shouldn't publish wheels with it yet. But if you want to check that your wheels build on Python 3.9, try our [`python3.9` branch](https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/pull/382)!</sup>
+<sup>² Only supported on Travis</sup><br>
+<sup>³ Beta support until Travis CI fixes <a href="https://travis-ci.community/t/no-space-left-on-device-for-system-z/5954/11">a bug</a></sup><br>
 
 - Builds manylinux, macOS and Windows wheels for CPython and PyPy using Azure Pipelines, Travis CI, AppVeyor, and CircleCI
 - Bundles shared library dependencies on Linux and macOS through [auditwheel](https://github.com/pypa/auditwheel) and [delocate](https://github.com/matthew-brett/delocate)
@@ -37,64 +38,61 @@ What does it do?
 Usage
 -----
 
-`cibuildwheel` currently works on **Travis CI**, **Azure Pipelines**, **AppVeyor** and **GitHub Actions** to build wheels for all three supported platforms (Linux, macOS, Windows). On **CircleCI** Linux and macOS wheels can be built.
+`cibuildwheel` currently works on **Travis CI**, **Azure Pipelines**, **AppVeyor**, **GitHub Actions**, **CircleCI**, and **Gitlab CI**. Check the table below for supported platforms on each service:
 
-|                 | Linux | macOS | Windows |
-|-----------------|-------|-------|---------|
-| Azure Pipelines | ✅    | ✅    | ✅      |
-| Travis CI       | ✅    | ✅    | ✅      |
-| AppVeyor        | ✅    | ✅    | ✅      |
-| GitHub Actions  | ✅    | ✅    | ✅      |
-| CircleCI        | ✅    | ✅    |         |
+|                 | Linux | macOS | Windows | Linux ARM |
+|-----------------|-------|-------|---------|--------------|
+| Azure Pipelines | ✅    | ✅    | ✅      | ✴️¹           |
+| Travis CI       | ✅    | ✅    | ✅      | ✅           |
+| AppVeyor        | ✅    | ✅    | ✅      |              |
+| GitHub Actions  | ✅    | ✅    | ✅      | ✴️¹           |
+| CircleCI        | ✅    | ✅    |         |              |
+| Gitlab CI       | ✅    |       |         |              |
 
-`cibuildwheel` is not intended to run on your development machine. Because it uses system Python from Python.org it will try to install packages globally - not what you expect from a build tool! Instead, isolated CI services like Travis CI, CircleCI, Azure Pipelines and AppVeyor are ideal.
+<sup>¹ Requires a "third-party build host"; expected to work with cibuildwheel but not directly tested by our CI.</sup><br>
+
+`cibuildwheel` is not intended to run on your development machine. Because it uses system Python from Python.org it will try to install packages globally - not what you expect from a build tool! Instead, isolated CI services like those mentioned above are ideal.
 
 <!--intro-end-->
 
 Example setup
 -------------
 
-To build manylinux, macOS, and Windows wheels on Travis CI and upload them to PyPI whenever you tag a version, you could use this `.travis.yml`:
+To build manylinux, macOS, and Windows wheels on Github Actions, you could use this `.github/workflows/wheels.yml`:
 
 ```yaml
-language: python
+name: Build
+
+on: [push, pull_request]
 
 jobs:
-  include:
-    # perform a linux build
-    - services: docker
-    # and a mac build
-    - os: osx
-      language: shell
-    # and a windows build
-    - os: windows
-      language: shell
-      before_install:
-        - choco install python --version 3.8.0
-        - export PATH="/c/Python38:/c/Python38/Scripts:$PATH"
+  build_wheels:
+    name: Build wheels on ${{ matrix.os }}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        os: [ubuntu-20.04, windows-2019, macOS-10.15]
 
-env:
-  global:
-    - TWINE_USERNAME=__token__
-    # Note: TWINE_PASSWORD is set to a PyPI API token in Travis settings
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
 
-install:
-  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==1.5.3
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v2
+        name: Install Python
 
-script:
-  # build the wheels, put them into './wheelhouse'
-  - python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
+      - name: Install cibuildwheel
+        run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==1.7.3
 
-after_success:
-  # if the release was tagged, upload them to PyPI
-  - |
-    if [[ $TRAVIS_TAG ]]; then
-      python3 -m pip install twine
-      python3 -m twine upload wheelhouse/*.whl
-    fi
+      - name: Build wheels
+        run: python -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
+        env:
+          CIBW_SKIP: "cp27-* pp27-*"  # skip Python 2.7 wheels
+
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          path: ./wheelhouse/*.whl
 ```
 
-For more information, including how to build on GitHub Actions, Appveyor, Azure Pipelines, or CircleCI, check out the [documentation](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.org) and the [examples](https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/tree/master/examples).
+For more information, including building on Python 2, PyPI deployment, and the use of other CI services like Travis CI, Appveyor, Azure Pipelines, or CircleCI, check out the [documentation](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.org) and the [examples](https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/tree/master/examples).
 
 Options
 -------
@@ -119,26 +117,144 @@ Options
 Working examples
 ----------------
 
+<!--working-examples-start-->
+
 Here are some repos that use cibuildwheel.
 
-- [pyinstrument_cext](https://github.com/joerick/pyinstrument_cext)
-- [websockets](https://github.com/aaugustin/websockets)
-- [Parselmouth](https://github.com/YannickJadoul/Parselmouth)
-- [python-admesh](https://github.com/admesh/python-admesh)
-- [pybase64](https://github.com/mayeut/pybase64)
-- [KDEpy](https://github.com/tommyod/KDEpy)
-- [AutoPy](https://github.com/autopilot-rs/autopy)
-- [apriltags2-ethz](https://github.com/safijari/apriltags2_ethz)
-- [TgCrypto](https://github.com/pyrogram/tgcrypto)
-- [Twisted](https://github.com/twisted/twisted)
-- [gmic-py](https://github.com/dtschump/gmic-py)
-- [creme](https://github.com/creme-ml/creme)
-- [PyAV](https://github.com/PyAV-Org/PyAV)
-- [aiortc](https://github.com/aiortc/aiortc)
-- [aioquic](https://github.com/aiortc/aioquic)
-- [pikepdf](https://github.com/pikepdf/pikepdf)
+<!-- START bin/projects.py -->
 
-> Add your repo here! Send a PR.
+<!-- this section is generated by bin/projects.py. Don't edit it directly, instead, edit docs/data/projects.yml -->
+
+| Name                              | CI | OS | Notes |
+|-----------------------------------|----|----|:------|
+| [scikit-learn][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The machine learning library. A complex but clean config using many of cibuildwheel's features to build a large project with Cython and C++ extensions.  |
+| [Matplotlib][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The venerable Matplotlib, a Python library with C++ portions |
+| [psutil][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Cross-platform lib for process and system monitoring in Python |
+| [twisted-iocpsupport][]           | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] | A submodule of Twisted that hooks into native C APIs using Cython. |
+| [scikit-image][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Image processing library. Uses cibuildwheel to build and test a project that uses Cython with platform-native code.  |
+| [websockets][]                    | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Library for building WebSocket servers and clients. Mostly written in Python, with a small C 'speedups' extension module.  |
+| [pyzmq][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python bindings for zeromq, the networking library. Uses Cython and CFFI.  |
+| [aiortc][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | WebRTC and ORTC implementation for Python using asyncio. |
+| [h5py][]                          | ![azurepipelines icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | HDF5 for Python -- The h5py package is a Pythonic interface to the HDF5 binary data format. |
+| [coverage.py][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The coverage tool for Python |
+| [River][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | 🌊 Online machine learning in Python |
+| [PyAV][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Pythonic bindings for FFmpeg's libraries. |
+| [Dependency Injector][]           | ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Dependency injection framework for Python, uses Windows TravisCI |
+| [aioquic][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | QUIC and HTTP/3 implementation in Python |
+| [google neuroglancer][]           | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | WebGL-based viewer for volumetric data |
+| [AutoPy][]                        | ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Includes a Windows Travis build. |
+| [pikepdf][]                       | ![azurepipelines icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A Python library for reading and writing PDF, powered by qpdf |
+| [Parselmouth][]                   | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A Python interface to the Praat software package, using pybind11, C++17 and CMake, with the core Praat static library built only once and shared between wheels. |
+| [python-rapidjson][]              | ![travisci icon][] ![gitlab icon][] ![appveyor icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python wrapper around rapidjson |
+| [Rtree][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Rtree: spatial index for Python GIS ¶ |
+| [KDEpy][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Kernel Density Estimation in Python |
+| [pybind11 python_example][]       | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Example pybind11 module built with a Python-based build system |
+| [pybind11 cmake_example][]        | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Example pybind11 module built with a CMake-based build system |
+| [iminuit][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Jupyter-friendly Python interface for C++ MINUIT2 |
+| [jq.py][]                         | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python bindings for jq |
+| [bx-python][]                     | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A library that includes Cython extensions. |
+| [boost-histogram][]               | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Supports full range of wheels, including PyPy and alternate archs. |
+| [pybase64][]                      | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Fast Base64 encoding/decoding in Python |
+| [TgCrypto][]                      | ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Includes a Windows Travis build. |
+| [etebase-py][]                    | ![travisci icon][] | ![linux icon][] | Python bindings to a Rust library using `setuptools-rust`, and `sccache` for improved speed. |
+| [pyjet][]                         | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The interface between FastJet and NumPy |
+| [numpythia][]                     | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The interface between PYTHIA and NumPy |
+| [fathon][]                        | ![travisci icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | python package for DFA (Detrended Fluctuation Analysis) and related algorithms |
+| [pyinstrument_cext][]             | ![travisci icon][] ![appveyor icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | A simple C extension, without external dependencies |
+| [xmlstarlet][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Python 3.6+ CFFI bindings with true MSVC build. |
+| [pybind11 scikit_build_example][] | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | An example combining scikit-build and pybind11 |
+
+[scikit-learn]: https://github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn
+[Matplotlib]: https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib
+[psutil]: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil
+[twisted-iocpsupport]: https://github.com/twisted/twisted-iocpsupport
+[scikit-image]: https://github.com/scikit-image/scikit-image
+[websockets]: https://github.com/aaugustin/websockets
+[pyzmq]: https://github.com/zeromq/pyzmq
+[aiortc]: https://github.com/aiortc/aiortc
+[h5py]: https://github.com/h5py/h5py
+[coverage.py]: https://github.com/nedbat/coveragepy
+[River]: https://github.com/online-ml/river
+[PyAV]: https://github.com/PyAV-Org/PyAV
+[Dependency Injector]: https://github.com/ets-labs/python-dependency-injector
+[aioquic]: https://github.com/aiortc/aioquic
+[google neuroglancer]: https://github.com/google/neuroglancer
+[AutoPy]: https://github.com/autopilot-rs/autopy
+[pikepdf]: https://github.com/pikepdf/pikepdf
+[Parselmouth]: https://github.com/YannickJadoul/Parselmouth
+[python-rapidjson]: https://github.com/python-rapidjson/python-rapidjson
+[Rtree]: https://github.com/Toblerity/rtree
+[KDEpy]: https://github.com/tommyod/KDEpy
+[pybind11 python_example]: https://github.com/pybind/python_example
+[pybind11 cmake_example]: https://github.com/pybind/cmake_example
+[iminuit]: https://github.com/scikit-hep/iminuit
+[jq.py]: https://github.com/mwilliamson/jq.py
+[bx-python]: https://github.com/bxlab/bx-python
+[boost-histogram]: https://github.com/scikit-hep/boost-histogram
+[pybase64]: https://github.com/mayeut/pybase64
+[TgCrypto]: https://github.com/pyrogram/tgcrypto
+[etebase-py]: https://github.com/etesync/etebase-py
+[pyjet]: https://github.com/scikit-hep/pyjet
+[numpythia]: https://github.com/scikit-hep/numpythia
+[fathon]: https://github.com/stfbnc/fathon
+[pyinstrument_cext]: https://github.com/joerick/pyinstrument_cext
+[xmlstarlet]: https://github.com/dimitern/xmlstarlet
+[pybind11 scikit_build_example]: https://github.com/pybind/scikit_build_example
+
+[appveyor icon]: docs/data/readme_icons/appveyor.svg
+[github icon]: docs/data/readme_icons/github.svg
+[azurepipelines icon]: docs/data/readme_icons/azurepipelines.svg
+[circleci icon]: docs/data/readme_icons/circleci.svg
+[gitlab icon]: docs/data/readme_icons/gitlab.svg
+[travisci icon]: docs/data/readme_icons/travisci.svg
+[windows icon]: docs/data/readme_icons/windows.svg
+[apple icon]: docs/data/readme_icons/apple.svg
+[linux icon]: docs/data/readme_icons/linux.svg
+
+<!-- scikit-learn: 43477, last pushed 0 days ago -->
+<!-- Matplotlib: 12823, last pushed 0 days ago -->
+<!-- psutil: 6887, last pushed 0 days ago -->
+<!-- twisted-iocpsupport: 4114, last pushed 2 days ago -->
+<!-- scikit-image: 4104, last pushed 0 days ago -->
+<!-- websockets: 3089, last pushed 10 days ago -->
+<!-- pyzmq: 2654, last pushed 20 days ago -->
+<!-- aiortc: 2073, last pushed 7 days ago -->
+<!-- h5py: 1455, last pushed 12 days ago -->
+<!-- coverage.py: 1441, last pushed 3 days ago -->
+<!-- River: 1219, last pushed 0 days ago -->
+<!-- PyAV: 1114, last pushed 14 days ago -->
+<!-- Dependency Injector: 1030, last pushed 0 days ago -->
+<!-- aioquic: 552, last pushed 49 days ago -->
+<!-- google neuroglancer: 550, last pushed 7 days ago -->
+<!-- AutoPy: 507, last pushed 105 days ago -->
+<!-- pikepdf: 487, last pushed 0 days ago -->
+<!-- Parselmouth: 433, last pushed 26 days ago -->
+<!-- python-rapidjson: 407, last pushed 10 days ago -->
+<!-- Rtree: 378, last pushed 0 days ago -->
+<!-- KDEpy: 230, last pushed 9 days ago -->
+<!-- pybind11 python_example: 221, last pushed 44 days ago -->
+<!-- pybind11 cmake_example: 219, last pushed 7 days ago -->
+<!-- iminuit: 166, last pushed 0 days ago -->
+<!-- jq.py: 138, last pushed 73 days ago -->
+<!-- bx-python: 94, last pushed 1 days ago -->
+<!-- boost-histogram: 63, last pushed 0 days ago -->
+<!-- pybase64: 52, last pushed 2 days ago -->
+<!-- TgCrypto: 49, last pushed 36 days ago -->
+<!-- etebase-py: 40, last pushed 3 days ago -->
+<!-- pyjet: 27, last pushed 29 days ago -->
+<!-- numpythia: 23, last pushed 28 days ago -->
+<!-- fathon: 18, last pushed 1 days ago -->
+<!-- pyinstrument_cext: 10, last pushed 29 days ago -->
+<!-- xmlstarlet: 7, last pushed 0 days ago -->
+<!-- pybind11 scikit_build_example: 0, last pushed 42 days ago -->
+
+<!-- END bin/projects.py -->
+
+> Add your repo here! Send a PR, adding your information to `docs/data/projects.yml`.
+>
+> <sup>I'd like to include notes here to indicate why an example might be interesting to cibuildwheel users - the styles/technologies/techniques used in each. Please include that in future additions!</sup>
+
+<!--working-examples-end-->
 
 Legal note
 ----------
@@ -152,6 +268,111 @@ This is similar to static linking, so it might have some licence implications. C
 Changelog
 =========
 
+<!--changelog-start-->
+
+### 1.7.3
+
+_1 January 2021_
+
+- 🛠 Added a patch for Pypy to ensure header files are available for building
+  in a virtualenv. (#502)
+- 🛠 Some preparatory work towards using cibuildwheel as a Github Action.
+  Check out
+  [the FAQ](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/faq/#option-1-github-action)
+  for information on how to use it. We'll be fully updating the docs to this
+  approach in a subsequent release (#494)
+
+### 1.7.2
+
+_21 December 2020_
+
+- 🛠 Update dependencies, notably wheel==0.36.2 and pip==20.3.3, and CPython to
+  their latest bugfix releases (#489)
+- 📚 Switch to a Github example in the README (#479)
+- 📚 Create Working Examples table, with many projects that use cibuildwheel (#474)
+- 📚 Import Working Examples table and Changelog to docs
+
+### 1.7.1
+
+_3 December 2020_
+
+- 🛠 Update manylinux2010 image to resolve issues with 'yum' repositories
+  (#472)
+
+### 1.7.0
+
+_26 November 2020_
+
+- ✨ New logging format, that uses 'fold groups' in CI services that support
+  it. (#458)
+- 🛠 Update PyPy to 7.3.3 (#460)
+- 🐛 Fix a bug where CIBW_BEFORE_ALL runs with a very old version of Python on
+  Linux. (#464)
+
+### 1.6.4
+
+_31 October 2020_
+
+- 🐛 Fix crash on Appveyor during nuget install due to old system CA
+  certificates. We now use certifi's CA certs to download files. (#455)
+
+### 1.6.3
+
+_12 October 2020_
+
+- 🐛 Fix missing SSL certificates on macOS (#447)
+- 🛠 Update OpenSSL Python 3.5 patch to 1.1.1h on macOS (#449)
+
+### 1.6.2
+
+_9 October 2020_
+
+- ✨ Python 3.9 updated to the final release version - v3.9.0 (#440)
+- 🛠 Pypy updated to v7.3.2, adding alpha support for Python 3.7 (#430)
+
+### 1.6.1
+
+_20 September 2020_
+
+- 🛠 Add PPC64LE manylinux image supporting Python 3.9. (#436)
+- 📚 Add project URLs to PyPI listing (#428)
+
+### 1.6.0
+
+_9 September 2020_
+
+- 🌟 Add Python 3.9 support! This initial support uses release candidate
+  builds. You can start publishing wheels for Python 3.9 now, ahead of
+  the official release. (#382)
+
+  Minor note - if you're building PPC64LE wheels, the manylinux image pinned
+  by this version is
+  [still on Python 3.9b3](https://github.com/pypa/manylinux/issues/758), not a
+  release candidate. We'd advise holding off on distributing 3.9 ppc64le wheels
+  until a subsequent version of cibuildwheel.
+- 🌟 Add Gitlab CI support. Gitlab CI can now build Linux wheels, using
+  cibuildwheel. (#419)
+- 🐛 Fix a bug that causes pyproject.toml dependencies to fail to install on
+  Windows (#420)
+- 📚 Added some information about Windows VC++ runtimes and how they relate
+  to wheels.
+
+### 1.5.5
+
+_22 July 2020_
+
+- 🐛 Fix a bug that would cause command substitutions in CIBW_ENVIRONMENT to
+  produce no output on Linux (#411)
+- 🐛 Fix regression (introduced in 1.5.3) which caused BEFORE_BUILD and
+  BEFORE_ALL to be executed in the wrong directory (#410)
+
+### 1.5.4
+
+_19 June 2020_
+
+- 🐛 Fix a bug that would cause command substitutions in CIBW_ENVIRONMENT
+  variables to not interpret quotes in commands correctly (#406, #408)
+
 ### 1.5.3
 
 _19 July 2020_
@@ -478,6 +699,8 @@ _31 March 2017_
 
 - 🌟 First public release!
 
+<!--changelog-end-->
+
 Contributing
 ============
 
@@ -489,6 +712,7 @@ Maintainers
 - Joe Rickerby [@joerick](https://github.com/joerick)
 - Yannick Jadoul [@YannickJadoul](https://github.com/YannickJadoul)
 - Matthieu Darbois [@mayeut](https://github.com/mayeut)
+- Henry Schreiner [@henryiii](https://github.com/henryiii)
 
 Credits
 -------
@@ -510,4 +734,4 @@ See also
 
 If you'd like to keep wheel building separate from the package itself, check out [astrofrog/autowheel](https://github.com/astrofrog/autowheel). It builds packages using cibuildwheel from source distributions on PyPI.
 
-If `cibuildwheel` is too limited for your needs, consider [matthew-brett/multibuild](http://github.com/matthew-brett/multibuild). `multibuild` is a toolbox for building a wheel on various platforms. It can do a lot more than this project - it's used to build SciPy!
+Another very similar tool to consider is [matthew-brett/multibuild](http://github.com/matthew-brett/multibuild). `multibuild` is a shell script toolbox for building a wheel on various platforms. It is used as a basis to build some of the big data science tools, like SciPy.

action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+name: cibuildwheel
+description: 'Installs and runs cibuildwheel on the current runner'
+inputs:
+  package-dir:
+    description: 'Input directory, defaults to "."'
+    required: false
+    default: .
+  output-dir:
+    description: 'Folder to place the outputs in, defaults to "wheelhouse"'
+    required: false
+    default: wheelhouse
+branding:
+  icon: package
+  color: yellow
+
+runs:
+  using: composite
+  steps:
+
+    # This needs powershell-core because github.action path is a Windows-style
+    # path on Windows.  Powershell-core understands both types of paths.
+    - run: python -m pip install ${{ github.action_path }}
+      shell: pwsh
+
+    - run: python -m cibuildwheel ${{ inputs.package-dir }} --output-dir ${{ inputs.output-dir }}
+      shell: bash

appveyor.yml

@@ -1,7 +1,4 @@
 environment:
-  # workaround an appveyor bug on macos 
-  # see https://github.com/appveyor/ci/issues/3376#issuecomment-611314299
-  APPVEYOR_CONSOLE_DISABLE_PTY: true
   matrix:
     - APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Ubuntu
       APPVEYOR_JOB_NAME: "python37-x64-ubuntu"
@@ -10,11 +7,6 @@ environment:
     - APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: macos-mojave
       APPVEYOR_JOB_NAME: "python37-x64-macos-mojave"
 
-# while pypy libffi dependency is failing the build, allow failures on macos
-matrix:	
-  allow_failures:	
-    - APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: macos-mojave
-
 stack: python 3.7
 
 build: off
@@ -24,7 +16,7 @@ init:
 - ps: |
       $BRANCH = if ($env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_HEAD_REPO_BRANCH) { $env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_HEAD_REPO_BRANCH } else { $env:APPVEYOR_REPO_BRANCH }
       if (-not ($BRANCH -eq 'master' -or $BRANCH.ToLower().StartsWith('appveyor-'))) {
-        $env:PYTEST_ADDOPTS='-k "unit_test or _basic" --suppress-no-test-exit-code'
+        $env:PYTEST_ADDOPTS='-k "unit_test or test_0_basic" --suppress-no-test-exit-code'
       }
 
 install: python -m pip install -r requirements-dev.txt pytest-custom-exit-code

azure-pipelines.yml

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ jobs:
 
 - job: windows_36
   pool: {vmImage: 'vs2017-win2016'}
+  timeoutInMinutes: 180
   steps:
     - task: UsePythonVersion@0
       inputs:
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ jobs:
 
 - job: windows_38
   pool: {vmImage: 'vs2017-win2016'}
+  timeoutInMinutes: 180
   steps:
     - task: UsePythonVersion@0
       inputs:

bin/bump_version.py

@@ -7,18 +7,41 @@ import cibuildwheel
 from packaging.version import Version, InvalidVersion
 import subprocess
 import glob
+import urllib.parse
 
 config = [
     # file path, version find/replace format
-    ('cibuildwheel/__init__.py', "__version__ = '{}'"),
-    ('setup.py', "version='{}'"),
     ('README.md', "cibuildwheel=={}"),
+    ('cibuildwheel/__init__.py', "__version__ = '{}'"),
+    ('docs/faq.md', "cibuildwheel=={}"),
+    ('docs/faq.md', "cibuildwheel@v{}"),
+    ('docs/setup.md', "cibuildwheel@v{}"),
     ('examples/*', "cibuildwheel=={}"),
+    ('setup.py', "version='{}'"),
 ]
 
 
 @click.command()
 def bump_version():
+    current_version = cibuildwheel.__version__
+
+    try:
+        commit_date_str = subprocess.run([
+            'git',
+            'show', '-s', '--pretty=format:%ci',
+            f'v{current_version}^{{commit}}'
+        ], check=True, capture_output=True, encoding='utf8').stdout
+        commit_date_parts = commit_date_str.split(' ')
+
+        url = 'https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/pulls?' + urllib.parse.urlencode({
+            'q': f'is:pr merged:>{commit_date_parts[0]}T{commit_date_parts[1]}{commit_date_parts[2]}',
+        })
+        print(f'PRs merged since last release:\n  {url}')
+        print()
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
+        print(e)
+        print('Failed to get previous version tag information.')
+
     git_changes_result = subprocess.run(['git diff-index --quiet HEAD --'], shell=True)
     repo_has_uncommitted_changes = git_changes_result.returncode != 0
 
@@ -26,7 +49,6 @@ def bump_version():
         print('error: Uncommitted changes detected.')
         exit(1)
 
-    current_version = cibuildwheel.__version__
     print(              'Current version:', current_version)  # noqa
     new_version = input('    New version: ').strip()
 
@@ -87,6 +109,7 @@ def bump_version():
 
     print('Files updated. If you want to update the changelog as part of this')
     print('commit, do that now.')
+    print()
 
     while input('Type "done" to continue: ').strip().lower() != 'done':
         pass

bin/projects.py

@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+"""
+Convert a yaml project list into a nice table.
+
+Suggested usage:
+
+    ./bin/projects.py docs/data/projects.yml --online --auth $GITHUB_API_TOKEN --readme README.md
+    git diff
+"""
+
+import builtins
+import functools
+from datetime import datetime
+from io import StringIO
+from typing import Dict, Any, List, Optional, TextIO
+
+import click
+import yaml
+from github import Github
+import urllib.request
+import xml.dom.minidom
+from pathlib import Path
+
+
+ICONS = (
+    "appveyor",
+    "github",
+    "azurepipelines",
+    "circleci",
+    "gitlab",
+    "travisci",
+    "windows",
+    "apple",
+    "linux",
+)
+
+
+class Project:
+    NAME: int = 0
+
+    def __init__(self, config: Dict[str, Any], github: Optional[Github] = None):
+        try:
+            self.name: str = config["name"]
+            self.gh: str = config["gh"]
+        except KeyError:
+            print("Invalid config, needs at least gh and name!", config)
+            raise
+
+        self.stars_repo: str = config.get("stars", self.gh)
+        self.notes: str = config.get("notes", "")
+        self.ci: List[str] = config.get("ci", [])
+        self.os: List[str] = config.get("os", [])
+
+        self.online = github is not None
+        if github is not None:
+            repo = github.get_repo(self.stars_repo)
+            self.num_stars = repo.stargazers_count
+            self.pushed_at = repo.pushed_at
+            if not self.notes:
+                notes = repo.description
+                if repo.description:
+                    self.notes = notes
+        else:
+            self.num_stars = 0
+            self.pushed_at = datetime.utcnow()
+
+        name_len = len(self.name) + 4
+        self.__class__.NAME = max(self.__class__.NAME, name_len)
+
+    def __lt__(self, other: "Project") -> bool:
+        if self.online:
+            return self.num_stars < other.num_stars
+        else:
+            return self.name < other.name
+
+    @classmethod
+    def header(cls) -> str:
+        return (
+            f"| {'Name':{cls.NAME}} | CI | OS | Notes |\n"
+            f"|{'':-^{cls.NAME+2  }}|----|----|:------|"
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def namelink(self) -> str:
+        return f"[{self.name}][]"
+
+    @property
+    def starslink(self) -> str:
+        return f"![{self.name} stars][]"
+
+    @property
+    def url(self) -> str:
+        return f"https://github.com/{self.gh}"
+
+    @property
+    def ci_icons(self) -> str:
+        return " ".join(f"![{icon} icon][]" for icon in self.ci)
+
+    @property
+    def os_icons(self) -> str:
+        return " ".join(f"![{icon} icon][]" for icon in self.os)
+
+    def table_row(self) -> str:
+        notes = self.notes.replace('\n', ' ')
+        return f"| {self.namelink: <{self.NAME}} | {self.ci_icons} | {self.os_icons} | {notes} |"
+
+    def links(self) -> str:
+        return f"[{self.name}]: {self.url}"
+
+    def info(self) -> str:
+        days = (datetime.utcnow() - self.pushed_at).days
+        return f"<!-- {self.name}: {self.num_stars}, last pushed {days} days ago -->"
+
+
+def fetch_icon(icon_name: str) -> None:
+    url = f'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/simple-icons@v4/icons/{icon_name}.svg'
+    with urllib.request.urlopen(url) as f:
+        original_svg_data = f.read()
+
+    document = xml.dom.minidom.parseString(original_svg_data)
+    svgElement = document.documentElement
+    assert svgElement.nodeName == 'svg'
+    svgElement.setAttribute('width', '16px')
+    svgElement.setAttribute('fill', '#606060')
+
+    icon_path = path_for_icon(icon_name)
+    icon_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+
+    with open(path_for_icon(icon_name), 'w') as f:
+        f.write(svgElement.toxml())
+
+
+def path_for_icon(icon_name: str) -> Path:
+    return Path('.') / 'docs' / 'data' / 'readme_icons' / f'{icon_name}.svg'
+
+
+def str_projects(
+    config: List[Dict[str, Any]], *, online: bool = True, auth: Optional[str] = None
+) -> str:
+    io = StringIO()
+    print = functools.partial(builtins.print, file=io)
+
+    if online:
+        for icon in ICONS:
+            fetch_icon(icon)
+
+    github = Github(auth) if online else None
+
+    projects = sorted((Project(item, github) for item in config), reverse=online)
+
+    print(Project.header())
+    for project in projects:
+        print(project.table_row())
+
+    print()
+    for project in projects:
+        print(project.links())
+
+    print()
+    for icon in ICONS:
+        print(f"[{icon} icon]: {path_for_icon(icon).as_posix()}")
+
+    print()
+    for project in projects:
+        print(project.info())
+
+    return io.getvalue()
+
+
+@click.command()
+@click.argument("input", type=click.File("r"))
+@click.option("--online/--no-online", default=True, help="Get info from GitHub")
+@click.option("--auth", help="GitHub authentication token")
+@click.option("--readme", type=click.File("r+"), help="Modify a readme file if given")
+def projects(
+    input: TextIO, online: bool, auth: Optional[str], readme: Optional[TextIO]
+) -> None:
+    config = yaml.safe_load(input)
+    output = str_projects(config, online=online, auth=auth)
+
+    if readme is None:
+        print(output)
+    else:
+        text = readme.read()
+        start_str = "<!-- START bin/projects.py -->\n"
+        start = text.find(start_str)
+        end = text.find("<!-- END bin/projects.py -->\n")
+        generated_note = f'<!-- this section is generated by bin/projects.py. Don\'t edit it directly, instead, edit {input.name} -->'
+        new_text = f"{text[:start + len(start_str)]}\n{generated_note}\n\n{output}\n{text[end:]}"
+
+        readme.seek(0)
+        readme.write(new_text)
+        readme.truncate()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    projects()

bin/run_example_ci_configs.py

@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+import shutil
+from subprocess import run
+import sys
+import textwrap
+import time
+import click
+from collections import namedtuple
+from urllib.parse import quote
+
+
+def shell(cmd, **kwargs):
+    return run([cmd], shell=True, **kwargs)
+
+
+def git_repo_has_changes():
+    unstaged_changes = shell('git diff-index --quiet HEAD --').returncode != 0
+    staged_changes = shell('git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD --').returncode != 0
+    return unstaged_changes or staged_changes
+
+
+def generate_basic_project(path):
+    sys.path.insert(0, '')
+    from test.test_projects.c import new_c_project
+
+    project = new_c_project()
+    project.generate(path)
+
+
+CIService = namedtuple('CIService', 'name src_config_path dst_config_path badge_md')
+services = [
+    CIService(
+        name='appveyor',
+        src_config_path='examples/appveyor-minimal.yml',
+        dst_config_path='appveyor.yml',
+        badge_md='[![Build status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/wbsgxshp05tt1tif/branch/{branch}?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/joerick/cibuildwheel/branch/{branch})',
+    ),
+    CIService(
+        name='azure-pipelines',
+        src_config_path='examples/azure-pipelines-minimal.yml',
+        dst_config_path='azure-pipelines.yml',
+        badge_md='[![Build Status](https://dev.azure.com/joerick0429/cibuildwheel/_apis/build/status/joerick.cibuildwheel?branchName={branch})](https://dev.azure.com/joerick0429/cibuildwheel/_build/latest?definitionId=2&branchName={branch})',
+    ),
+    CIService(
+        name='circle-ci',
+        src_config_path='examples/circleci-minimal.yml',
+        dst_config_path='.circleci/config.yml',
+        badge_md='[![CircleCI](https://circleci.com/gh/joerick/cibuildwheel/tree/{branch_escaped}.svg?style=svg)](https://circleci.com/gh/joerick/cibuildwheel/tree/{branch})',
+    ),
+    CIService(
+        name='github',
+        src_config_path='examples/github-minimal.yml',
+        dst_config_path='.github/workflows/example.yml',
+        badge_md='[![Build](https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/workflows/Build/badge.svg?branch={branch})](https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/actions)',
+    ),
+    CIService(
+        name='travis-ci',
+        src_config_path='examples/travis-ci-minimal.yml',
+        dst_config_path='.travis.yml',
+        badge_md='[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/joerick/cibuildwheel.svg?branch={branch})](https://travis-ci.org/joerick/cibuildwheel)',
+    ),
+    CIService(
+        name='gitlab',
+        src_config_path='examples/gitlab-minimal.yml',
+        dst_config_path='.gitlab-ci.yml',
+        badge_md='[![Gitlab](https://gitlab.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/badges/{branch}/pipeline.svg)](https://gitlab.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/-/commits/{branch})'
+    ),
+]
+
+
+@click.command()
+def run_example_ci_configs():
+    if git_repo_has_changes():
+        print('Your git repo has uncommitted changes. Commit or stash before continuing.')
+        exit(1)
+
+    previous_branch = shell('git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD',
+                            check=True,
+                            capture_output=True,
+                            encoding='utf8').stdout.strip()
+
+    timestamp = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H-%M-%S', time.gmtime())
+    branch_name = f'example-config-test---{previous_branch}-{timestamp}'
+
+    try:
+        shell(f'git checkout --orphan {branch_name}', check=True)
+
+        example_project = Path('example_root')
+        generate_basic_project(example_project)
+
+        for service in services:
+            src_config_file = Path(service.src_config_path)
+            dst_config_file = example_project / service.dst_config_path
+
+            dst_config_file.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+            shutil.copyfile(src_config_file, dst_config_file)
+
+        run(['git', 'add', example_project], check=True)
+        run(['git', 'commit', '-m', textwrap.dedent(f'''
+            Test example minimal configs
+
+            Testing files: {[s.src_config_path for s in services]}
+            Generated from branch: {previous_branch}
+            Time: {timestamp}
+        ''')], check=True)
+        shell(f'git subtree --prefix={example_project} push origin {branch_name}', check=True)
+
+        print('---')
+        print()
+        print('> **Examples test run**')
+        print('> ')
+        print(f'> Branch: [{branch_name}](https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/tree/{branch_name})')
+        print('> ')
+        print('> | Service | Config | Status |')
+        print('> |---|---|---|')
+        for service in services:
+            badge = service.badge_md.format(branch=branch_name, branch_escaped=quote(branch_name, safe=''))
+            print(f'> | {service.name} | `{service.src_config_path}` | {badge} |')
+        print('> ')
+        print('> Generated by `bin/run_example_ci_config.py`')
+        print()
+        print('---')
+    finally:
+        # remove any local changes
+        shutil.rmtree(example_project, ignore_errors=True)
+        shell('git checkout -- .')
+        shell(f'git checkout {previous_branch}', check=True)
+        shell(f'git branch -D --force {branch_name}', check=True)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    os.chdir(os.path.dirname(__file__))
+    os.chdir('..')
+    run_example_ci_configs(standalone_mode=True)

bin/run_tests.py

@@ -17,4 +17,4 @@ if __name__ == '__main__':
     subprocess.check_call(unit_test_args)
 
     # run the integration tests
-    subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, '-m', 'pytest', '-x', '--durations', '0', 'test'])
+    subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, '-m', 'pytest', '-x', '--durations', '0', '--timeout=1200', 'test'])

bin/sample_build.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+import os
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import argparse
+import tempfile
+from pathlib import Path
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    # move cwd to the project root
+    os.chdir(Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1])
+
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Runs a sample build')
+    parser.add_argument('project_python_path', nargs='?', default='test.test_0_basic.basic_project')
+
+    options = parser.parse_args()
+
+    project_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
+    subprocess.run([
+        sys.executable, '-m', 'test.test_projects',
+        options.project_python_path, project_dir
+    ], check=True)
+
+    exit(subprocess.run(['cibuildwheel'], cwd=project_dir).returncode)

bin/update_dependencies.py

@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@
 
 import configparser
 import os
+import shutil
 import subprocess
+import sys
 from collections import namedtuple
 
 import requests
@@ -12,21 +14,39 @@ os.chdir('..')
 
 # CUSTOM_COMPILE_COMMAND is a pip-compile option that tells users how to
 # regenerate the constraints files
-os.environ['CUSTOM_COMPILE_COMMAND'] = "bin/update_constraints.py"
-subprocess.check_call([
-    'pip-compile',
-    '--allow-unsafe',
-    '--upgrade',
-    'cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in',
-])
-for python_version in ['27', '35', '36']:
-    subprocess.check_call([
-        f'./env{python_version}/bin/pip-compile',
-        '--allow-unsafe',
-        '--upgrade',
-        'cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in',
-        '--output-file', f'cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python{python_version}.txt'
-    ])
+os.environ['CUSTOM_COMPILE_COMMAND'] = "bin/update_dependencies.py"
+
+PYTHON_VERSIONS = ['27', '35', '36', '37', '38', '39']
+
+if '--no-docker' in sys.argv:
+    for python_version in PYTHON_VERSIONS:
+        subprocess.check_call([
+            f'./env{python_version}/bin/pip-compile',
+            '--allow-unsafe',
+            '--upgrade',
+            'cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in',
+            '--output-file', f'cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python{python_version}.txt'
+        ])
+else:
+    image = 'quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_x86_64:latest'
+    subprocess.check_call(['docker', 'pull', image])
+    for python_version in PYTHON_VERSIONS:
+        abi_flags = '' if int(python_version) >= 38 else 'm'
+        python_path = f'/opt/python/cp{python_version}-cp{python_version}{abi_flags}/bin/'
+        subprocess.check_call([
+            'docker', 'run', '--rm',
+            '-e', 'CUSTOM_COMPILE_COMMAND',
+            '-v', f'{os.getcwd()}:/volume',
+            '--workdir', '/volume', image,
+            'bash', '-c',
+            f'{python_path}pip install pip-tools &&'
+            f'{python_path}pip-compile --allow-unsafe --upgrade '
+            'cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in '
+            f'--output-file cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python{python_version}.txt'
+        ])
+
+# default constraints.txt
+shutil.copyfile(f'cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python{PYTHON_VERSIONS[-1]}.txt', 'cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.txt')
 
 Image = namedtuple('Image', [
     'manylinux_version',

cibuildwheel/__init__.py

@@ -1 +1 @@
-__version__ = '1.5.3'
+__version__ = '1.7.3'

cibuildwheel/__main__.py

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ from cibuildwheel.util import (
     BuildSelector,
     DependencyConstraints,
     Unbuffered,
+    detect_ci_provider,
     resources_dir,
 )
 
@@ -47,12 +48,6 @@ def get_option_from_environment(option_name: str, platform: Optional[str] = None
     return os.environ.get(option_name, default)
 
 
-def strtobool(val: str) -> bool:
-    if val.lower() in ('y', 'yes', 't', 'true', 'on', '1'):
-        return True
-    return False
-
-
 def main() -> None:
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
         description='Build wheels for all the platforms.',
@@ -96,13 +91,14 @@ def main() -> None:
     if args.platform != 'auto':
         platform = args.platform
     else:
-        ci = strtobool(os.environ.get('CI', 'false')) or 'BITRISE_BUILD_NUMBER' in os.environ or 'AZURE_HTTP_USER_AGENT' in os.environ or 'GITHUB_WORKFLOW' in os.environ
-        if not ci:
-            print('cibuildwheel: Unable to detect platform. cibuildwheel should run on your CI server, '
-                  'Travis CI, AppVeyor, Azure Pipelines, GitHub Actions and CircleCI are supported. You '
-                  'can run on your development machine or other CI providers using the --platform argument. '
-                  'Check --help output for more information.',
-                  file=sys.stderr)
+        ci_provider = detect_ci_provider()
+        if ci_provider is None:
+            print(textwrap.dedent('''
+                cibuildwheel: Unable to detect platform. cibuildwheel should run on your CI server;
+                Travis CI, AppVeyor, Azure Pipelines, GitHub Actions, CircleCI, and Gitlab are
+                supported. You can run on your development machine or other CI providers using the
+                --platform argument. Check --help output for more information.
+            '''), file=sys.stderr)
             exit(2)
         if sys.platform.startswith('linux'):
             platform = 'linux'

cibuildwheel/bashlex_eval.py

@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
-import shlex
 import subprocess
 from typing import Callable, Dict, List, NamedTuple, Optional, Sequence
 
 import bashlex  # type: ignore
 
-# a function that takes a shell command and the environment, and returns the result
-EnvironmentExecutor = Callable[[str, Dict[str, str]], str]
+# a function that takes a command and the environment, and returns the result
+EnvironmentExecutor = Callable[[List[str], Dict[str, str]], str]
 
 
-def local_environment_executor(command: str, env: Dict[str, str]) -> str:
-    return subprocess.check_output(shlex.split(command), env=env, universal_newlines=True)
+def local_environment_executor(command: List[str], env: Dict[str, str]) -> str:
+    return subprocess.check_output(command, env=env, universal_newlines=True)
 
 
 class NodeExecutionContext(NamedTuple):
@@ -97,8 +96,7 @@ def evaluate_nodes_as_compound_command(nodes: Sequence[bashlex.ast.node], contex
 
 
 def evaluate_nodes_as_simple_command(nodes: List[bashlex.ast.node], context: NodeExecutionContext):
-    words = [evaluate_node(part, context=context) for part in nodes]
-    command = ' '.join(words)
+    command = [evaluate_node(part, context=context) for part in nodes]
     return context.executor(command, context.environment)
 
 

cibuildwheel/docker_container.py

@@ -27,12 +27,14 @@ class DockerContainer:
     bash_stdin: IO[bytes]
     bash_stdout: IO[bytes]
 
-    def __init__(self, docker_image: str, simulate_32_bit=False):
+    def __init__(self, docker_image: str, simulate_32_bit: bool = False, cwd: Optional[Union[str, PathLike]] = None):
         self.docker_image = docker_image
         self.simulate_32_bit = simulate_32_bit
+        self.cwd = cwd
 
     def __enter__(self) -> 'DockerContainer':
         self.name = f'cibuildwheel-{uuid.uuid4()}'
+        cwd_args = ['-w', str(self.cwd)] if self.cwd else []
         shell_args = ['linux32', '/bin/bash'] if self.simulate_32_bit else ['/bin/bash']
         subprocess.run(
             [
@@ -41,6 +43,7 @@ class DockerContainer:
                 '--name', self.name,
                 '-i',
                 '-v', '/:/host',  # ignored on CircleCI
+                *cwd_args,
                 self.docker_image,
                 *shell_args
             ],
@@ -70,7 +73,7 @@ class DockerContainer:
         self.process.terminate()
         self.process.wait()
 
-        subprocess.run(['docker', 'rm', '--force', '-v', self.name])
+        subprocess.run(['docker', 'rm', '--force', '-v', self.name], stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL)
         self.name = None
 
     def copy_into(self, from_path: Path, to_path: PurePath) -> None:
@@ -114,11 +117,12 @@ class DockerContainer:
 
         return [PurePath(p) for p in path_strs]
 
-    def call(self, args: Sequence[Union[str, PathLike]], env: Dict[str, str] = {},
+    def call(self, args: Sequence[Union[str, PathLike]], env: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None,
              capture_output=False, cwd: Optional[Union[str, PathLike]] = None) -> str:
+
         chdir = f'cd {cwd}' if cwd else ''
         env_assignments = ' '.join(f'{shlex.quote(k)}={shlex.quote(v)}'
-                                   for k, v in env.items())
+                                   for k, v in env.items()) if env is not None else ''
         command = ' '.join(shlex.quote(str(a)) for a in args)
         end_of_message = str(uuid.uuid4())
 
@@ -180,9 +184,9 @@ class DockerContainer:
             'import sys, json, os; json.dump(os.environ.copy(), sys.stdout)'
         ], capture_output=True))
 
-    def environment_executor(self, command: str, environment: Dict[str, str]) -> str:
+    def environment_executor(self, command: List[str], environment: Dict[str, str]) -> str:
         # used as an EnvironmentExecutor to evaluate commands and capture output
-        return self.call(shlex.split(command), env=environment)
+        return self.call(command, env=environment, capture_output=True)
 
 
 def shell_quote(path: PurePath) -> str:

cibuildwheel/linux.py

@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@ from pathlib import Path, PurePath
 from typing import List, NamedTuple, Union
 
 from .docker_container import DockerContainer
-from .util import (BuildOptions, BuildSelector,
+from .logger import log
+from .util import (BuildOptions, BuildSelector, NonPlatformWheelError,
                    get_build_verbosity_extra_flags, prepare_command)
 
 
@@ -50,26 +51,32 @@ def get_python_configurations(build_selector: BuildSelector) -> List[PythonConfi
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.6', identifier='cp36-manylinux_x86_64', path_str='/opt/python/cp36-cp36m'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.7', identifier='cp37-manylinux_x86_64', path_str='/opt/python/cp37-cp37m'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.8', identifier='cp38-manylinux_x86_64', path_str='/opt/python/cp38-cp38'),
+        PythonConfiguration(version='3.9', identifier='cp39-manylinux_x86_64', path_str='/opt/python/cp39-cp39'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='2.7', identifier='cp27-manylinux_i686', path_str='/opt/python/cp27-cp27m'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='2.7', identifier='cp27-manylinux_i686', path_str='/opt/python/cp27-cp27mu'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.5', identifier='cp35-manylinux_i686', path_str='/opt/python/cp35-cp35m'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.6', identifier='cp36-manylinux_i686', path_str='/opt/python/cp36-cp36m'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.7', identifier='cp37-manylinux_i686', path_str='/opt/python/cp37-cp37m'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.8', identifier='cp38-manylinux_i686', path_str='/opt/python/cp38-cp38'),
+        PythonConfiguration(version='3.9', identifier='cp39-manylinux_i686', path_str='/opt/python/cp39-cp39'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='2.7', identifier='pp27-manylinux_x86_64', path_str='/opt/python/pp27-pypy_73'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.6', identifier='pp36-manylinux_x86_64', path_str='/opt/python/pp36-pypy36_pp73'),
+        PythonConfiguration(version='3.7', identifier='pp37-manylinux_x86_64', path_str='/opt/python/pp37-pypy37_pp73'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.5', identifier='cp35-manylinux_aarch64', path_str='/opt/python/cp35-cp35m'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.6', identifier='cp36-manylinux_aarch64', path_str='/opt/python/cp36-cp36m'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.7', identifier='cp37-manylinux_aarch64', path_str='/opt/python/cp37-cp37m'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.8', identifier='cp38-manylinux_aarch64', path_str='/opt/python/cp38-cp38'),
+        PythonConfiguration(version='3.9', identifier='cp39-manylinux_aarch64', path_str='/opt/python/cp39-cp39'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.5', identifier='cp35-manylinux_ppc64le', path_str='/opt/python/cp35-cp35m'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.6', identifier='cp36-manylinux_ppc64le', path_str='/opt/python/cp36-cp36m'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.7', identifier='cp37-manylinux_ppc64le', path_str='/opt/python/cp37-cp37m'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.8', identifier='cp38-manylinux_ppc64le', path_str='/opt/python/cp38-cp38'),
+        PythonConfiguration(version='3.9', identifier='cp39-manylinux_ppc64le', path_str='/opt/python/cp39-cp39'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.5', identifier='cp35-manylinux_s390x', path_str='/opt/python/cp35-cp35m'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.6', identifier='cp36-manylinux_s390x', path_str='/opt/python/cp36-cp36m'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.7', identifier='cp37-manylinux_s390x', path_str='/opt/python/cp37-cp37m'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.8', identifier='cp38-manylinux_s390x', path_str='/opt/python/cp38-cp38'),
+        PythonConfiguration(version='3.9', identifier='cp39-manylinux_s390x', path_str='/opt/python/cp39-cp39'),
     ]
     # skip builds as required
     return [c for c in python_configurations if matches_platform(c.identifier) and build_selector(c.identifier)]
@@ -77,7 +84,7 @@ def get_python_configurations(build_selector: BuildSelector) -> List[PythonConfi
 
 def build(options: BuildOptions) -> None:
     try:
-        subprocess.check_call(['docker', '--version'])
+        subprocess.check_output(['docker', '--version'])
     except Exception:
         print('cibuildwheel: Docker not found. Docker is required to run Linux builds. '
               'If you\'re building on Travis CI, add `services: [docker]` to your .travis.yml.'
@@ -101,7 +108,8 @@ def build(options: BuildOptions) -> None:
     if cwd != abs_package_dir and cwd not in abs_package_dir.parents:
         raise Exception('package_dir must be inside the working directory')
 
-    container_package_dir = PurePath('/project') / abs_package_dir.relative_to(cwd)
+    container_project_path = PurePath('/project')
+    container_package_dir = container_project_path / abs_package_dir.relative_to(cwd)
     container_output_dir = PurePath('/output')
 
     for implementation, platform_tag, docker_image in platforms:
@@ -110,19 +118,36 @@ def build(options: BuildOptions) -> None:
             continue
 
         try:
-            with DockerContainer(docker_image, simulate_32_bit=platform_tag.endswith('i686')) as docker:
-                docker.copy_into(Path.cwd(), Path('/project'))
+            log.step(f'Starting Docker image {docker_image}...')
+            with DockerContainer(docker_image, simulate_32_bit=platform_tag.endswith('i686'), cwd=container_project_path) as docker:
+
+                log.step('Copying project into Docker...')
+                docker.copy_into(Path.cwd(), container_project_path)
 
                 if options.before_all:
+                    log.step('Running before_all...')
+
                     env = docker.get_environment()
-                    env['PATH'] = f'/opt/python/cp38-cp38:{env["PATH"]}'
+                    env['PATH'] = f'/opt/python/cp38-cp38/bin:{env["PATH"]}'
                     env = options.environment.as_dictionary(env, executor=docker.environment_executor)
 
-                    before_all_prepared = prepare_command(options.before_all, project='/project', package=container_package_dir)
+                    before_all_prepared = prepare_command(options.before_all, project=container_project_path, package=container_package_dir)
                     docker.call(['sh', '-c', before_all_prepared], env=env)
 
                 for config in platform_configs:
+                    log.build_start(config.identifier)
+
                     dependency_constraint_flags: List[Union[str, PathLike]] = []
+                    if config.identifier.startswith("pp"):
+                        # Patch PyPy to make sure headers get installed into a venv
+                        patch_version = '_27' if config.version == '2.7' else ''
+                        patch_path = Path(__file__).absolute().parent / 'resources' / f'pypy_venv{patch_version}.patch'
+                        patch_docker_path = PurePath('/pypy_venv.patch')
+                        docker.copy_into(patch_path, patch_docker_path)
+                        try:
+                            docker.call(['patch', '--force', '-p1', '-d', config.path, '-i', patch_docker_path])
+                        except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
+                            print("PyPy patch not applied", file=sys.stderr)
 
                     if options.dependency_constraints:
                         constraints_file = options.dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version(config.version)
@@ -131,6 +156,8 @@ def build(options: BuildOptions) -> None:
                         docker.copy_into(constraints_file, container_constraints_file)
                         dependency_constraint_flags = ['-c', container_constraints_file]
 
+                    log.step('Setting up build environment...')
+
                     env = docker.get_environment()
 
                     # put this config's python top of the list
@@ -151,9 +178,12 @@ def build(options: BuildOptions) -> None:
                         exit(1)
 
                     if options.before_build:
-                        before_build_prepared = prepare_command(options.before_build, project='/project', package=container_package_dir)
+                        log.step('Running before_build...')
+                        before_build_prepared = prepare_command(options.before_build, project=container_project_path, package=container_package_dir)
                         docker.call(['sh', '-c', before_build_prepared], env=env)
 
+                    log.step('Building wheel...')
+
                     temp_dir = PurePath('/tmp/cibuildwheel')
                     built_wheel_dir = temp_dir / 'built_wheel'
                     docker.call(['rm', '-rf', built_wheel_dir])
@@ -173,15 +203,21 @@ def build(options: BuildOptions) -> None:
                     docker.call(['rm', '-rf', repaired_wheel_dir])
                     docker.call(['mkdir', '-p', repaired_wheel_dir])
 
-                    if built_wheel.name.endswith('none-any.whl') or not options.repair_command:
-                        docker.call(['mv', built_wheel, repaired_wheel_dir])
-                    else:
+                    if built_wheel.name.endswith('none-any.whl'):
+                        raise NonPlatformWheelError()
+
+                    if options.repair_command:
+                        log.step('Repairing wheel...')
                         repair_command_prepared = prepare_command(options.repair_command, wheel=built_wheel, dest_dir=repaired_wheel_dir)
                         docker.call(['sh', '-c', repair_command_prepared], env=env)
+                    else:
+                        docker.call(['mv', built_wheel, repaired_wheel_dir])
 
                     repaired_wheels = docker.glob(repaired_wheel_dir, '*.whl')
 
                     if options.test_command:
+                        log.step('Testing wheel...')
+
                         # set up a virtual environment to install and test from, to make sure
                         # there are no dependencies that were pulled in at build time.
                         docker.call(['pip', 'install', 'virtualenv', *dependency_constraint_flags], env=env)
@@ -193,7 +229,7 @@ def build(options: BuildOptions) -> None:
                         virtualenv_env['PATH'] = f"{venv_dir / 'bin'}:{virtualenv_env['PATH']}"
 
                         if options.before_test:
-                            before_test_prepared = prepare_command(options.before_test, project='/project', package=container_package_dir)
+                            before_test_prepared = prepare_command(options.before_test, project=container_project_path, package=container_package_dir)
                             docker.call(['sh', '-c', before_test_prepared], env=virtualenv_env)
 
                         # Install the wheel we just built
@@ -210,7 +246,7 @@ def build(options: BuildOptions) -> None:
                             docker.call(['pip', 'install', *options.test_requires], env=virtualenv_env)
 
                         # Run the tests from a different directory
-                        test_command_prepared = prepare_command(options.test_command, project='/project', package=container_package_dir)
+                        test_command_prepared = prepare_command(options.test_command, project=container_project_path, package=container_package_dir)
                         docker.call(['sh', '-c', test_command_prepared], cwd='/root', env=virtualenv_env)
 
                         # clean up test environment
@@ -220,17 +256,21 @@ def build(options: BuildOptions) -> None:
                     docker.call(['mkdir', '-p', container_output_dir])
                     docker.call(['mv', *repaired_wheels, container_output_dir])
 
+                    log.build_end()
+
+                log.step('Copying wheels back to host...')
                 # copy the output back into the host
                 docker.copy_out(container_output_dir, options.output_dir)
+                log.step_end()
         except subprocess.CalledProcessError as error:
-            print(f'Command {error.cmd} failed with code {error.returncode}. {error.stdout}')
+            log.error(f'Command {error.cmd} failed with code {error.returncode}. {error.stdout}')
             troubleshoot(options.package_dir, error)
             exit(1)
 
 
 def troubleshoot(package_dir: Path, error: Exception) -> None:
-    if (isinstance(error, subprocess.CalledProcessError) and 'exec' in error.cmd):
-        # the bash script failed
+    if (isinstance(error, subprocess.CalledProcessError) and error.cmd[0:2] == ['pip', 'wheel']):
+        # the 'pip wheel' step failed.
         print('Checking for common errors...')
         so_files = list(package_dir.glob('**/*.so'))
 
@@ -243,7 +283,7 @@ def troubleshoot(package_dir: Path, error: Exception) -> None:
 
                   If you're using Cython and have previously done an in-place build,
                   remove those build files (*.so and *.c) before starting cibuildwheel.
-            '''))
+            '''), file=sys.stderr)
 
             print('  Files detected:')
             print('\n'.join([f'    {f}' for f in so_files]))

cibuildwheel/logger.py

@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+import codecs
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+import time
+from typing import Optional, Union
+
+from cibuildwheel.util import CIProvider, detect_ci_provider
+
+DEFAULT_FOLD_PATTERN = ('{name}', '')
+FOLD_PATTERNS = {
+    'azure': ('##[group]{name}', '##[endgroup]'),
+    'travis': ('travis_fold:start:{identifier}\n{name}', 'travis_fold:end:{identifier}'),
+    'github': ('::group::{name}', '::endgroup::{name}'),
+}
+
+PLATFORM_IDENTIFIER_DESCIPTIONS = {
+    'manylinux_x86_64': 'manylinux x86_64',
+    'manylinux_i686': 'manylinux i686',
+    'manylinux_aarch64': 'manylinux aarch64',
+    'manylinux_ppc64le': 'manylinux ppc64le',
+    'manylinux_s390x': 'manylinux s390x',
+    'win32': 'Windows 32bit',
+    'win_amd64': 'Windows 64bit',
+    'macosx_x86_64': 'macOS x86_64',
+}
+
+
+class Logger:
+    fold_mode: str
+    colors_enabled: bool
+    unicode_enabled: bool
+    active_build_identifier: Optional[str] = None
+    build_start_time: Optional[float] = None
+    step_start_time: Optional[float] = None
+    active_fold_group_name: Optional[str] = None
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        if sys.platform == 'win32' and hasattr(sys.stdout, 'reconfigure'):
+            # the encoding on Windows can be a 1-byte charmap, but all CIs
+            # support utf8, so we hardcode that
+            sys.stdout.reconfigure(encoding='utf8')
+
+        self.unicode_enabled = file_supports_unicode(sys.stdout)
+
+        ci_provider = detect_ci_provider()
+
+        if ci_provider == CIProvider.azure_pipelines:
+            self.fold_mode = 'azure'
+            self.colors_enabled = True
+
+        elif ci_provider == CIProvider.github_actions:
+            self.fold_mode = 'github'
+            self.colors_enabled = True
+
+        elif ci_provider == CIProvider.travis_ci:
+            self.fold_mode = 'travis'
+            self.colors_enabled = True
+
+        elif ci_provider == CIProvider.appveyor:
+            self.fold_mode = 'disabled'
+            self.colors_enabled = True
+
+        else:
+            self.fold_mode = 'disabled'
+            self.colors_enabled = file_supports_color(sys.stdout)
+
+    def build_start(self, identifier: str):
+        self.step_end()
+        c = self.colors
+        description = build_description_from_identifier(identifier)
+        print()
+        print(f'{c.bold}{c.blue}Building {identifier} wheel{c.end}')
+        print(f'{description}')
+        print()
+
+        self.build_start_time = time.time()
+        self.active_build_identifier = identifier
+
+    def build_end(self):
+        assert self.build_start_time is not None
+        assert self.active_build_identifier is not None
+        self.step_end()
+
+        c = self.colors
+        s = self.symbols
+        duration = time.time() - self.build_start_time
+
+        print()
+        print(f'{c.green}{s.done} {c.end}{self.active_build_identifier} finished in {duration:.2f}s')
+        self.build_start_time = None
+        self.active_build_identifier = None
+
+    def step(self, step_description: str):
+        self.step_end()
+        self.step_start_time = time.time()
+        self._start_fold_group(step_description)
+
+    def step_end(self, success=True):
+        if self.step_start_time is not None:
+            self._end_fold_group()
+            c = self.colors
+            s = self.symbols
+            duration = time.time() - self.step_start_time
+            if success:
+                print(f'{c.green}{s.done} {c.end}{duration:.2f}s'.rjust(78))
+            else:
+                print(f'{c.red}{s.error} {c.end}{duration:.2f}s'.rjust(78))
+
+            self.step_start_time = None
+
+    def error(self, error: Union[Exception, str]):
+        self.step_end(success=False)
+        print()
+
+        if self.fold_mode == 'github':
+            print(f'::error::{error}')
+        else:
+            c = self.colors
+            print(f'{c.bright_red}Error{c.end} {error}')
+
+    def _start_fold_group(self, name: str):
+        self._end_fold_group()
+        self.active_fold_group_name = name
+        fold_start_pattern = FOLD_PATTERNS.get(self.fold_mode, DEFAULT_FOLD_PATTERN)[0]
+        identifier = self._fold_group_identifier(name)
+
+        print(fold_start_pattern.format(name=self.active_fold_group_name, identifier=identifier))
+        print()
+        sys.stdout.flush()
+
+    def _end_fold_group(self):
+        if self.active_fold_group_name:
+            fold_start_pattern = FOLD_PATTERNS.get(self.fold_mode, DEFAULT_FOLD_PATTERN)[1]
+            identifier = self._fold_group_identifier(self.active_fold_group_name)
+            print(fold_start_pattern.format(name=self.active_fold_group_name, identifier=identifier))
+            sys.stdout.flush()
+            self.active_fold_group_name = None
+
+    def _fold_group_identifier(self, name: str):
+        '''
+        Travis doesn't like fold groups identifiers that have spaces in. This
+        method converts them to ascii identifiers
+        '''
+        # whitespace to underscores
+        identifier = re.sub(r'\s+', '_', name)
+        # remove non-alphanum
+        identifier = re.sub(r'[^A-Za-z\d_]+', '', identifier)
+        # trim underscores
+        identifier = identifier.strip('_')
+        # lowercase, shorten
+        return identifier.lower()[:20]
+
+    @property
+    def colors(self):
+        if self.colors_enabled:
+            return Colors.enabled
+        else:
+            return Colors.disabled
+
+    @property
+    def symbols(self):
+        if self.unicode_enabled:
+            return Symbols.unicode
+        else:
+            return Symbols.ascii
+
+
+def build_description_from_identifier(identifier: str):
+    python_identifier, _, platform_identifier = identifier.partition('-')
+
+    build_description = ''
+
+    python_interpreter = python_identifier[0:2]
+    python_version = python_identifier[2:4]
+
+    if python_interpreter == 'cp':
+        build_description += 'CPython'
+    elif python_interpreter == 'pp':
+        build_description += 'PyPy'
+    else:
+        raise Exception('unknown python')
+
+    build_description += f' {python_version[0]}.{python_version[1]} '
+
+    try:
+        build_description += PLATFORM_IDENTIFIER_DESCIPTIONS[platform_identifier]
+    except KeyError as e:
+        raise Exception('unknown platform') from e
+
+    return build_description
+
+
+class Colors:
+    class Enabled:
+        red = '\033[31m'
+        green = '\033[32m'
+        yellow = '\033[33m'
+        blue = '\033[34m'
+        cyan = '\033[36m'
+        bright_red = '\033[91m'
+        bright_green = '\033[92m'
+        white = '\033[37m\033[97m'
+
+        bg_grey = '\033[48;5;235m'
+
+        bold = '\033[1m'
+        faint = '\033[2m'
+
+        end = '\033[0m'
+
+    class Disabled:
+        def __getattr__(self, attr: str) -> str:
+            return ''
+
+    enabled = Enabled()
+    disabled = Disabled()
+
+
+class Symbols:
+    class Unicode:
+        done = '✓'
+        error = '✕'
+
+    class Ascii:
+        done = 'done'
+        error = 'failed'
+
+    unicode = Unicode()
+    ascii = Ascii()
+
+
+def file_supports_color(file_obj):
+    """
+    Returns True if the running system's terminal supports color.
+    """
+    plat = sys.platform
+    supported_platform = (plat != 'win32' or 'ANSICON' in os.environ)
+
+    is_a_tty = file_is_a_tty(file_obj)
+
+    return (supported_platform and is_a_tty)
+
+
+def file_is_a_tty(file_obj):
+    return hasattr(file_obj, 'isatty') and file_obj.isatty()
+
+
+def file_supports_unicode(file_obj):
+    encoding = getattr(file_obj, 'encoding', None)
+    if not encoding:
+        return False
+
+    codec_info = codecs.lookup(encoding)
+
+    return ('utf' in codec_info.name)
+
+
+'''
+Global instance of the Logger.
+'''
+# (there's only one stdout per-process, so a global instance is justified)
+log = Logger()

cibuildwheel/macos.py

@@ -9,9 +9,10 @@ from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Dict, List, NamedTuple, Optional, Sequence, Union
 
 from .environment import ParsedEnvironment
-from .util import (BuildOptions, BuildSelector, download,
-                   get_build_verbosity_extra_flags, get_pip_script,
-                   prepare_command)
+from .logger import log
+from .util import (BuildOptions, BuildSelector, NonPlatformWheelError,
+                   download, get_build_verbosity_extra_flags, get_pip_script,
+                   install_certifi_script, prepare_command)
 
 
 def call(args: Union[str, Sequence[Union[str, PathLike]]], env: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None, cwd: Optional[str] = None, shell: bool = False) -> int:
@@ -36,11 +37,13 @@ def get_python_configurations(build_selector: BuildSelector) -> List[PythonConfi
         PythonConfiguration(version='2.7', identifier='cp27-macosx_x86_64', url='https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.18/python-2.7.18-macosx10.9.pkg'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.5', identifier='cp35-macosx_x86_64', url='https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.5.4/python-3.5.4-macosx10.6.pkg'),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.6', identifier='cp36-macosx_x86_64', url='https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.8/python-3.6.8-macosx10.9.pkg'),
-        PythonConfiguration(version='3.7', identifier='cp37-macosx_x86_64', url='https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.8/python-3.7.8-macosx10.9.pkg'),
-        PythonConfiguration(version='3.8', identifier='cp38-macosx_x86_64', url='https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.4/python-3.8.4-macosx10.9.pkg'),
+        PythonConfiguration(version='3.7', identifier='cp37-macosx_x86_64', url='https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.9/python-3.7.9-macosx10.9.pkg'),
+        PythonConfiguration(version='3.8', identifier='cp38-macosx_x86_64', url='https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.7/python-3.8.7-macosx10.9.pkg'),
+        PythonConfiguration(version='3.9', identifier='cp39-macosx_x86_64', url='https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.9.1/python-3.9.1-macosx10.9.pkg'),
         # PyPy
-        PythonConfiguration(version='2.7', identifier='pp27-macosx_x86_64', url='https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy2.7-v7.3.1-osx64.tar.bz2'),
-        PythonConfiguration(version='3.6', identifier='pp36-macosx_x86_64', url='https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.6-v7.3.1-osx64.tar.bz2'),
+        PythonConfiguration(version='2.7', identifier='pp27-macosx_x86_64', url='https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy2.7-v7.3.3-osx64.tar.bz2'),
+        PythonConfiguration(version='3.6', identifier='pp36-macosx_x86_64', url='https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.6-v7.3.3-osx64.tar.bz2'),
+        PythonConfiguration(version='3.7', identifier='pp37-macosx_x86_64', url='https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.7-v7.3.3-osx64.tar.bz2'),
     ]
 
     # skip builds as required
@@ -70,6 +73,9 @@ def install_cpython(version: str, url: str) -> Path:
 
     # if this version of python isn't installed, get it from python.org and install
     python_package_identifier = f'org.python.Python.PythonFramework-{version}'
+    python_executable = 'python3' if version[0] == '3' else 'python'
+    installation_bin_path = Path(f'/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/{version}/bin')
+
     if python_package_identifier not in installed_system_packages:
         # download the pkg
         download(url, Path('/tmp/Python.pkg'))
@@ -77,12 +83,12 @@ def install_cpython(version: str, url: str) -> Path:
         call(['sudo', 'installer', '-pkg', '/tmp/Python.pkg', '-target', '/'])
         # patch open ssl
         if version == '3.5':
-            open_ssl_patch_url = f'https://github.com/mayeut/patch-macos-python-openssl/releases/download/v1.0.2u/patch-macos-python-{version}-openssl-v1.0.2u.tar.gz'
+            open_ssl_patch_url = f'https://github.com/mayeut/patch-macos-python-openssl/releases/download/v1.1.1h/patch-macos-python-{version}-openssl-v1.1.1h.tar.gz'
             download(open_ssl_patch_url, Path('/tmp/python-patch.tar.gz'))
             call(['sudo', 'tar', '-C', f'/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/{version}/', '-xmf', '/tmp/python-patch.tar.gz'])
 
-    installation_bin_path = Path(f'/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/{version}/bin')
-    python_executable = 'python3' if version[0] == '3' else 'python'
+        call(["sudo", str(installation_bin_path/python_executable), str(install_certifi_script)])
+
     pip_executable = 'pip3' if version[0] == '3' else 'pip'
     make_symlinks(installation_bin_path, python_executable, pip_executable)
 
@@ -99,6 +105,10 @@ def install_pypy(version: str, url: str) -> Path:
         downloaded_tar_bz2 = Path("/tmp") / pypy_tar_bz2
         download(url, downloaded_tar_bz2)
         call(['tar', '-C', '/tmp', '-xf', downloaded_tar_bz2])
+        # Patch PyPy to make sure headers get installed into a venv
+        patch_version = '_27' if version == '2.7' else ''
+        patch_path = Path(__file__).absolute().parent / 'resources' / f'pypy_venv{patch_version}.patch'
+        call(['patch', '--force', '-d', installation_path, patch_path])
 
     installation_bin_path = installation_path / 'bin'
     python_executable = 'pypy3' if version[0] == '3' else 'pypy'
@@ -111,13 +121,18 @@ def install_pypy(version: str, url: str) -> Path:
 def setup_python(python_configuration: PythonConfiguration,
                  dependency_constraint_flags: Sequence[Union[str, PathLike]],
                  environment: ParsedEnvironment) -> Dict[str, str]:
-    if python_configuration.identifier.startswith('cp'):
+    implementation_id = python_configuration.identifier.split("-")[0]
+    log.step(f'Installing Python {implementation_id}...')
+
+    if implementation_id.startswith('cp'):
         installation_bin_path = install_cpython(python_configuration.version, python_configuration.url)
-    elif python_configuration.identifier.startswith('pp'):
+    elif implementation_id.startswith('pp'):
         installation_bin_path = install_pypy(python_configuration.version, python_configuration.url)
     else:
         raise ValueError("Unknown Python implementation")
 
+    log.step('Setting up build environment...')
+
     env = os.environ.copy()
     env['PATH'] = os.pathsep.join([
         str(SYMLINKS_DIR),
@@ -151,7 +166,6 @@ def setup_python(python_configuration: PythonConfiguration,
     if which_pip != '/tmp/cibw_bin/pip':
         print("cibuildwheel: pip available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert pip above it.", file=sys.stderr)
         exit(1)
-    call(['pip', 'install', '--upgrade', 'setuptools', 'wheel', 'delocate', *dependency_constraint_flags], env=env)
 
     # Set MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET to 10.9, if the user didn't set it.
     # CPython 3.5 defaults to 10.6, and pypy defaults to 10.7, causing
@@ -165,6 +179,9 @@ def setup_python(python_configuration: PythonConfiguration,
         # https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/a5ed2fe0eedefa1649aa93ee74a0bafc8e628a10/Lib/_osx_support.py#L260
         env.setdefault('ARCHFLAGS', '-arch x86_64')
 
+    log.step('Installing build tools...')
+    call(['pip', 'install', '--upgrade', 'setuptools', 'wheel', 'delocate', *dependency_constraint_flags], env=env)
+
     return env
 
 
@@ -173,98 +190,111 @@ def build(options: BuildOptions) -> None:
     built_wheel_dir = temp_dir / 'built_wheel'
     repaired_wheel_dir = temp_dir / 'repaired_wheel'
 
-    if options.before_all:
-        env = options.environment.as_dictionary(prev_environment=os.environ)
-        before_all_prepared = prepare_command(options.before_all, project='.', package=options.package_dir)
-        call([before_all_prepared], shell=True, env=env)
+    try:
+        if options.before_all:
+            log.step('Running before_all...')
+            env = options.environment.as_dictionary(prev_environment=os.environ)
+            before_all_prepared = prepare_command(options.before_all, project='.', package=options.package_dir)
+            call([before_all_prepared], shell=True, env=env)
 
-    python_configurations = get_python_configurations(options.build_selector)
+        python_configurations = get_python_configurations(options.build_selector)
 
-    for config in python_configurations:
-        dependency_constraint_flags: Sequence[Union[str, PathLike]] = []
-        if options.dependency_constraints:
-            dependency_constraint_flags = [
-                '-c', options.dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version(config.version)
-            ]
+        for config in python_configurations:
+            log.build_start(config.identifier)
 
-        env = setup_python(config, dependency_constraint_flags, options.environment)
+            dependency_constraint_flags: Sequence[Union[str, PathLike]] = []
+            if options.dependency_constraints:
+                dependency_constraint_flags = [
+                    '-c', options.dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version(config.version)
+                ]
 
-        # run the before_build command
-        if options.before_build:
-            before_build_prepared = prepare_command(options.before_build, project='.', package=options.package_dir)
-            call(before_build_prepared, env=env, shell=True)
+            env = setup_python(config, dependency_constraint_flags, options.environment)
 
-        # build the wheel
-        if built_wheel_dir.exists():
-            shutil.rmtree(built_wheel_dir)
-        built_wheel_dir.mkdir(parents=True)
+            if options.before_build:
+                log.step('Running before_build...')
+                before_build_prepared = prepare_command(options.before_build, project='.', package=options.package_dir)
+                call(before_build_prepared, env=env, shell=True)
 
-        # Path.resolve() is needed. Without it pip wheel may try to fetch package from pypi.org
-        # see https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/pull/369
-        call([
-            'pip', 'wheel',
-            options.package_dir.resolve(),
-            '-w', built_wheel_dir,
-            '--no-deps',
-            *get_build_verbosity_extra_flags(options.build_verbosity)
-        ], env=env)
+            log.step('Building wheel...')
+            if built_wheel_dir.exists():
+                shutil.rmtree(built_wheel_dir)
+            built_wheel_dir.mkdir(parents=True)
 
-        built_wheel = next(built_wheel_dir.glob('*.whl'))
+            # Path.resolve() is needed. Without it pip wheel may try to fetch package from pypi.org
+            # see https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/pull/369
+            call([
+                'pip', 'wheel',
+                options.package_dir.resolve(),
+                '-w', built_wheel_dir,
+                '--no-deps',
+                *get_build_verbosity_extra_flags(options.build_verbosity)
+            ], env=env)
 
-        # repair the wheel
-        if repaired_wheel_dir.exists():
-            shutil.rmtree(repaired_wheel_dir)
-        repaired_wheel_dir.mkdir(parents=True)
-        if built_wheel.name.endswith('none-any.whl') or not options.repair_command:
-            # pure Python wheel or empty repair command
-            shutil.move(str(built_wheel), repaired_wheel_dir)
-        else:
-            repair_command_prepared = prepare_command(options.repair_command, wheel=built_wheel, dest_dir=repaired_wheel_dir)
-            call(repair_command_prepared, env=env, shell=True)
-        repaired_wheel = next(repaired_wheel_dir.glob('*.whl'))
+            built_wheel = next(built_wheel_dir.glob('*.whl'))
 
-        if options.test_command:
-            # set up a virtual environment to install and test from, to make sure
-            # there are no dependencies that were pulled in at build time.
-            call(['pip', 'install', 'virtualenv', *dependency_constraint_flags], env=env)
-            venv_dir = Path(tempfile.mkdtemp())
+            if repaired_wheel_dir.exists():
+                shutil.rmtree(repaired_wheel_dir)
+            repaired_wheel_dir.mkdir(parents=True)
 
-            # Use --no-download to ensure determinism by using seed libraries
-            # built into virtualenv
-            call(['python', '-m', 'virtualenv', '--no-download', venv_dir], env=env)
+            if built_wheel.name.endswith('none-any.whl'):
+                raise NonPlatformWheelError()
 
-            virtualenv_env = env.copy()
-            virtualenv_env['PATH'] = os.pathsep.join([
-                str(venv_dir / 'bin'),
-                virtualenv_env['PATH'],
-            ])
+            if options.repair_command:
+                log.step('Repairing wheel...')
+                repair_command_prepared = prepare_command(options.repair_command, wheel=built_wheel, dest_dir=repaired_wheel_dir)
+                call(repair_command_prepared, env=env, shell=True)
+            else:
+                shutil.move(str(built_wheel), repaired_wheel_dir)
 
-            # check that we are using the Python from the virtual environment
-            call(['which', 'python'], env=virtualenv_env)
+            repaired_wheel = next(repaired_wheel_dir.glob('*.whl'))
 
-            if options.before_test:
-                before_test_prepared = prepare_command(options.before_test, project='.', package=options.package_dir)
-                call(before_test_prepared, env=virtualenv_env, shell=True)
+            if options.test_command:
+                log.step('Testing wheel...')
+                # set up a virtual environment to install and test from, to make sure
+                # there are no dependencies that were pulled in at build time.
+                call(['pip', 'install', 'virtualenv', *dependency_constraint_flags], env=env)
+                venv_dir = Path(tempfile.mkdtemp())
 
-            # install the wheel
-            call(['pip', 'install', str(repaired_wheel) + options.test_extras], env=virtualenv_env)
+                # Use --no-download to ensure determinism by using seed libraries
+                # built into virtualenv
+                call(['python', '-m', 'virtualenv', '--no-download', venv_dir], env=env)
 
-            # test the wheel
-            if options.test_requires:
-                call(['pip', 'install'] + options.test_requires, env=virtualenv_env)
+                virtualenv_env = env.copy()
+                virtualenv_env['PATH'] = os.pathsep.join([
+                    str(venv_dir / 'bin'),
+                    virtualenv_env['PATH'],
+                ])
 
-            # run the tests from $HOME, with an absolute path in the command
-            # (this ensures that Python runs the tests against the installed wheel
-            # and not the repo code)
-            test_command_prepared = prepare_command(
-                options.test_command,
-                project=Path('.').resolve(),
-                package=options.package_dir.resolve()
-            )
-            call(test_command_prepared, cwd=os.environ['HOME'], env=virtualenv_env, shell=True)
+                # check that we are using the Python from the virtual environment
+                call(['which', 'python'], env=virtualenv_env)
 
-            # clean up
-            shutil.rmtree(venv_dir)
+                if options.before_test:
+                    before_test_prepared = prepare_command(options.before_test, project='.', package=options.package_dir)
+                    call(before_test_prepared, env=virtualenv_env, shell=True)
 
-        # we're all done here; move it to output (overwrite existing)
-        shutil.move(str(repaired_wheel), options.output_dir)
+                # install the wheel
+                call(['pip', 'install', str(repaired_wheel) + options.test_extras], env=virtualenv_env)
+
+                # test the wheel
+                if options.test_requires:
+                    call(['pip', 'install'] + options.test_requires, env=virtualenv_env)
+
+                # run the tests from $HOME, with an absolute path in the command
+                # (this ensures that Python runs the tests against the installed wheel
+                # and not the repo code)
+                test_command_prepared = prepare_command(
+                    options.test_command,
+                    project=Path('.').resolve(),
+                    package=options.package_dir.resolve()
+                )
+                call(test_command_prepared, cwd=os.environ['HOME'], env=virtualenv_env, shell=True)
+
+                # clean up
+                shutil.rmtree(venv_dir)
+
+            # we're all done here; move it to output (overwrite existing)
+            shutil.move(str(repaired_wheel), options.output_dir)
+            log.build_end()
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as error:
+        log.error(f'Command {error.cmd} failed with code {error.returncode}. {error.stdout}')
+        exit(1)

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python27.txt

@@ -2,25 +2,54 @@
 # This file is autogenerated by pip-compile
 # To update, run:
 #
-#    bin/update_constraints.py
+#    bin/update_dependencies.py
 #
-appdirs==1.4.4            # via virtualenv
-configparser==4.0.2       # via importlib-metadata
-contextlib2==0.6.0.post1  # via importlib-metadata, importlib-resources, virtualenv
-delocate==0.8.0           # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.3.0            # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.0.12          # via virtualenv
-importlib-metadata==1.6.0  # via importlib-resources, virtualenv
-importlib-resources==1.5.0  # via virtualenv
-pathlib2==2.3.5           # via importlib-metadata, importlib-resources, virtualenv
-scandir==1.10.0           # via pathlib2
-singledispatch==3.4.0.3   # via importlib-resources
-six==1.15.0               # via pathlib2, virtualenv
-typing==3.7.4.1           # via importlib-resources
-virtualenv==20.0.21       # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-wheel==0.34.2             # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in, delocate
-zipp==1.2.0               # via importlib-metadata, importlib-resources
+appdirs==1.4.4
+    # via virtualenv
+configparser==4.0.2
+    # via importlib-metadata
+contextlib2==0.6.0.post1
+    # via
+    #   importlib-metadata
+    #   importlib-resources
+delocate==0.8.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+distlib==0.3.1
+    # via virtualenv
+filelock==3.0.12
+    # via virtualenv
+importlib-metadata==2.1.1
+    # via virtualenv
+importlib-resources==3.3.1
+    # via virtualenv
+pathlib2==2.3.5
+    # via
+    #   importlib-metadata
+    #   importlib-resources
+    #   virtualenv
+scandir==1.10.0
+    # via pathlib2
+singledispatch==3.4.0.3
+    # via importlib-resources
+six==1.15.0
+    # via
+    #   pathlib2
+    #   virtualenv
+typing==3.7.4.3
+    # via importlib-resources
+virtualenv==20.2.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+wheel==0.36.2
+    # via
+    #   -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+    #   delocate
+zipp==1.2.0
+    # via
+    #   importlib-metadata
+    #   importlib-resources
 
 # The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
-pip==20.1.1               # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-setuptools==44.1.0        # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+pip==20.3.3
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+setuptools==44.1.1
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python35.txt

@@ -2,19 +2,35 @@
 # This file is autogenerated by pip-compile
 # To update, run:
 #
-#    bin/update_constraints.py
+#    bin/update_dependencies.py
 #
-appdirs==1.4.4            # via virtualenv
-delocate==0.8.0           # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.3.0            # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.0.12          # via virtualenv
-importlib-metadata==1.6.0  # via importlib-resources, virtualenv
-importlib-resources==1.5.0  # via virtualenv
-six==1.15.0               # via virtualenv
-virtualenv==20.0.21       # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-wheel==0.34.2             # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in, delocate
-zipp==1.2.0               # via importlib-metadata, importlib-resources
+appdirs==1.4.4
+    # via virtualenv
+delocate==0.8.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+distlib==0.3.1
+    # via virtualenv
+filelock==3.0.12
+    # via virtualenv
+importlib-metadata==2.1.1
+    # via virtualenv
+importlib-resources==3.2.1
+    # via virtualenv
+six==1.15.0
+    # via virtualenv
+virtualenv==20.2.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+wheel==0.36.2
+    # via
+    #   -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+    #   delocate
+zipp==1.2.0
+    # via
+    #   importlib-metadata
+    #   importlib-resources
 
 # The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
-pip==20.1.1               # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-setuptools==46.4.0        # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+pip==20.3.3
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+setuptools==50.3.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python36.txt

@@ -2,19 +2,37 @@
 # This file is autogenerated by pip-compile
 # To update, run:
 #
-#    bin/update_constraints.py
+#    bin/update_dependencies.py
 #
-appdirs==1.4.4            # via virtualenv
-delocate==0.8.0           # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.3.0            # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.0.12          # via virtualenv
-importlib-metadata==1.6.0  # via importlib-resources, virtualenv
-importlib-resources==1.5.0  # via virtualenv
-six==1.15.0               # via virtualenv
-virtualenv==20.0.21       # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-wheel==0.34.2             # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in, delocate
-zipp==3.1.0               # via importlib-metadata, importlib-resources
+appdirs==1.4.4
+    # via virtualenv
+delocate==0.8.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+distlib==0.3.1
+    # via virtualenv
+filelock==3.0.12
+    # via virtualenv
+importlib-metadata==3.3.0
+    # via virtualenv
+importlib-resources==4.1.1
+    # via virtualenv
+six==1.15.0
+    # via virtualenv
+typing-extensions==3.7.4.3
+    # via importlib-metadata
+virtualenv==20.2.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+wheel==0.36.2
+    # via
+    #   -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+    #   delocate
+zipp==3.4.0
+    # via
+    #   importlib-metadata
+    #   importlib-resources
 
 # The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
-pip==20.1.1               # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-setuptools==46.4.0        # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+pip==20.3.3
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+setuptools==51.1.1
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python37.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile
+# To update, run:
+#
+#    bin/update_dependencies.py
+#
+appdirs==1.4.4
+    # via virtualenv
+delocate==0.8.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+distlib==0.3.1
+    # via virtualenv
+filelock==3.0.12
+    # via virtualenv
+importlib-metadata==3.3.0
+    # via virtualenv
+six==1.15.0
+    # via virtualenv
+typing-extensions==3.7.4.3
+    # via importlib-metadata
+virtualenv==20.2.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+wheel==0.36.2
+    # via
+    #   -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+    #   delocate
+zipp==3.4.0
+    # via importlib-metadata
+
+# The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
+pip==20.3.3
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+setuptools==51.1.1
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python38.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile
+# To update, run:
+#
+#    bin/update_dependencies.py
+#
+appdirs==1.4.4
+    # via virtualenv
+delocate==0.8.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+distlib==0.3.1
+    # via virtualenv
+filelock==3.0.12
+    # via virtualenv
+six==1.15.0
+    # via virtualenv
+virtualenv==20.2.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+wheel==0.36.2
+    # via
+    #   -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+    #   delocate
+
+# The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
+pip==20.3.3
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+setuptools==51.1.1
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python39.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile
+# To update, run:
+#
+#    bin/update_dependencies.py
+#
+appdirs==1.4.4
+    # via virtualenv
+delocate==0.8.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+distlib==0.3.1
+    # via virtualenv
+filelock==3.0.12
+    # via virtualenv
+six==1.15.0
+    # via virtualenv
+virtualenv==20.2.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+wheel==0.36.2
+    # via
+    #   -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+    #   delocate
+
+# The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
+pip==20.3.3
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+setuptools==51.1.1
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.txt

@@ -2,18 +2,27 @@
 # This file is autogenerated by pip-compile
 # To update, run:
 #
-#    bin/update_constraints.py
+#    bin/update_dependencies.py
 #
-appdirs==1.4.4            # via virtualenv
-delocate==0.8.0           # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.3.0            # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.0.12          # via virtualenv
-importlib-metadata==1.6.0  # via virtualenv
-six==1.15.0               # via virtualenv
-virtualenv==20.0.21       # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-wheel==0.34.2             # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in, delocate
-zipp==3.1.0               # via importlib-metadata
+appdirs==1.4.4
+    # via virtualenv
+delocate==0.8.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+distlib==0.3.1
+    # via virtualenv
+filelock==3.0.12
+    # via virtualenv
+six==1.15.0
+    # via virtualenv
+virtualenv==20.2.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+wheel==0.36.2
+    # via
+    #   -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+    #   delocate
 
 # The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
-pip==20.1.1               # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-setuptools==46.4.0        # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+pip==20.3.3
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+setuptools==51.1.1
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/install_certifi.py

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+# Based on: https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/master/Mac/BuildScript/resources/install_certificates.command
+
+# install_certifi.py
+#
+# sample script to install or update a set of default Root Certificates
+# for the ssl module.  Uses the certificates provided by the certifi package:
+#       https://pypi.org/project/certifi/
+
+import os
+import os.path
+import ssl
+import stat
+import subprocess
+import sys
+
+STAT_0o775 = (stat.S_IRUSR | stat.S_IWUSR | stat.S_IXUSR
+              | stat.S_IRGRP | stat.S_IWGRP | stat.S_IXGRP
+              | stat.S_IROTH | stat.S_IXOTH)
+
+if sys.version_info[0] == 2:
+    FileNotFoundError = OSError
+
+
+def main():
+    openssl_dir, openssl_cafile = os.path.split(
+        ssl.get_default_verify_paths().openssl_cafile)
+    print(" -- pip install --upgrade certifi")
+    subprocess.check_call([sys.executable,
+                           "-E", "-s", "-m", "pip", "install", "--upgrade", "certifi"])
+
+    import certifi
+    # change working directory to the default SSL directory
+    os.chdir(openssl_dir)
+    relpath_to_certifi_cafile = os.path.relpath(certifi.where())
+
+    print(" -- removing any existing file or link")
+    try:
+        os.remove(openssl_cafile)
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        pass
+    print(" -- creating symlink to certifi certificate bundle")
+    os.symlink(relpath_to_certifi_cafile, openssl_cafile)
+
+    print(" -- setting permissions")
+    os.chmod(openssl_cafile, STAT_0o775)
+    print(" -- update complete")
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()

cibuildwheel/resources/pinned_docker_images.cfg

@@ -1,22 +1,22 @@
 [x86_64]
-manylinux1 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux1_x86_64:2020-05-25-b56702d
-manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_x86_64:2020-05-20-c7bbd11
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2020-05-17-2f8ac3b
+manylinux1 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux1_x86_64:2020-12-30-e2b3664
+manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_x86_64:2020-12-30-3161d69
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2020-12-30-68d3257
 
 [i686]
-manylinux1 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux1_i686:2020-05-25-b56702d
-manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_i686:2020-05-20-c7bbd11
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2020-05-17-2f8ac3b
+manylinux1 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux1_i686:2020-12-30-e2b3664
+manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_i686:2020-12-30-3161d69
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2020-12-30-68d3257
 
 [pypy_x86_64]
-manylinux2010 = pypywheels/manylinux2010-pypy_x86_64:2020-04-25-eb2cdff
+manylinux2010 = pypywheels/manylinux2010-pypy_x86_64:2020-12-11-f1e0e80
 
 [aarch64]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2020-05-17-2f8ac3b
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2020-12-30-68d3257
 
 [ppc64le]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_ppc64le:2020-05-17-2f8ac3b
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_ppc64le:2020-12-30-68d3257
 
 [s390x]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_s390x:2020-05-17-2f8ac3b
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_s390x:2020-12-30-68d3257
 

cibuildwheel/resources/pypy_venv.patch

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+diff --git a/lib-python/3/sysconfig.py b/lib-python/3/sysconfig.py
+index 0d08cde66b4150e1772c13fdc6fe34d079c2b10d..30c77d165a2505d98bc7660ff0cc3b728f56c682 100644
+--- a/lib-python/3/sysconfig.py
++++ b/lib-python/3/sysconfig.py
+@@ -618,9 +618,6 @@ def get_config_vars(*args):
+             import _osx_support
+             _osx_support.customize_config_vars(_CONFIG_VARS)
+
+-        _CONFIG_VARS['INCLUDEPY'] = os.path.join(_CONFIG_VARS['prefix'],
+-                                                 'include')
+-
+     if args:
+         vals = []
+         for name in args:
+diff --git a/lib_pypy/_sysconfigdata.py b/lib_pypy/_sysconfigdata.py
+index f1cca41a4b7553819bb1a2a63af1c1a9b8591ce9..a34216e8e12b82abd72fabdd7793b3e8bb19bbcf 100644
+--- a/lib_pypy/_sysconfigdata.py
++++ b/lib_pypy/_sysconfigdata.py
+@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ from distutils.spawn import find_executable
+
+ so_ext = _imp.extension_suffixes()[0]
+
++mybase = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))
+
+ build_time_vars = {
+     # SOABI is PEP 3149 compliant, but CPython3 has so_ext.split('.')[1]
+@@ -25,7 +26,8 @@ build_time_vars = {
+     'AR': "ar",
+     'ARFLAGS': "rc",
+     'EXE': "",
+-    'LIBDIR': os.path.join(sys.prefix, 'bin'),
++    'LIBDIR': os.path.join(mybase, 'lib'),
++    'INCLUDEPY': os.path.join(mybase, 'include'),
+ }
+
+ if find_executable("gcc"):

cibuildwheel/resources/pypy_venv_27.patch

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+--- a/lib-python/2.7/sysconfig.py
++++ b/lib-python/2.7/sysconfig.py
+@@ -553,9 +553,6 @@ def get_config_vars(*args):
+             if type_ == imp.C_EXTENSION:
+                 _CONFIG_VARS['SOABI'] = suffix.split('.')[1]
+                 break
+-        _CONFIG_VARS['INCLUDEPY'] = os.path.join(_CONFIG_VARS['prefix'],
+-                                                 'include')
+-
+     if args:
+         vals = []
+         for name in args:
+--- a/lib_pypy/_sysconfigdata.py
++++ b/lib_pypy/_sysconfigdata.py
+@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
+-import imp
++import imp, os
++
++mybase = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))
+
+ build_time_vars = {
+     "SO": [s[0] for s in imp.get_suffixes() if s[2] == imp.C_EXTENSION][0]
+ }
++
++build_time_vars['LIBDIR'] = os.path.join(mybase, 'lib')
++build_time_vars['INCLUDEPY'] = os.path.join(mybase, 'include')
++

cibuildwheel/util.py

@@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
 import os
+import ssl
+import textwrap
 import urllib.request
+from enum import Enum
 from fnmatch import fnmatch
 from pathlib import Path
 from time import sleep
-
 from typing import Dict, List, NamedTuple, Optional, Union
 
+import certifi
+
 from .environment import ParsedEnvironment
 
 
@@ -39,7 +43,10 @@ class BuildSelector:
         return match_any(self.build_patterns) and not match_any(self.skip_patterns)
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
-        return f'BuildSelector({" ".join(self.build_patterns)!r} - {" ".join(self.skip_patterns)!r})'
+        if not self.skip_patterns:
+            return f'BuildSelector({" ".join(self.build_patterns)!r})'
+        else:
+            return f'BuildSelector({" ".join(self.build_patterns)!r} - {" ".join(self.skip_patterns)!r})'
 
 
 # Taken from https://stackoverflow.com/a/107717
@@ -65,10 +72,14 @@ def download(url: str, dest: Path) -> None:
     if not dest_dir.exists():
         dest_dir.mkdir(parents=True)
 
+    # we've had issues when relying on the host OS' CA certificates on Windows,
+    # so we use certifi (this sounds odd but requests also does this by default)
+    cafile = os.environ.get('SSL_CERT_FILE', certifi.where())
+    context = ssl.create_default_context(cafile=cafile)
     repeat_num = 3
     for i in range(repeat_num):
         try:
-            response = urllib.request.urlopen(url)
+            response = urllib.request.urlopen(url, context=context)
         except Exception:
             if i == repeat_num - 1:
                 raise
@@ -106,6 +117,9 @@ class DependencyConstraints:
         else:
             return self.base_file_path
 
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f'{self.__class__.__name__}{self.base_file_path!r})'
+
 
 class BuildOptions(NamedTuple):
     package_dir: Path
@@ -126,3 +140,54 @@ class BuildOptions(NamedTuple):
 
 resources_dir = Path(__file__).resolve().parent / 'resources'
 get_pip_script = resources_dir / 'get-pip.py'
+install_certifi_script = resources_dir / "install_certifi.py"
+
+
+class NonPlatformWheelError(Exception):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        message = textwrap.dedent('''
+            cibuildwheel: Build failed because a pure Python wheel was generated.
+
+            If you intend to build a pure-Python wheel, you don't need cibuildwheel - use
+            `pip wheel -w DEST_DIR .` instead.
+
+            If you expected a platform wheel, check your project configuration, or run
+            cibuildwheel with CIBW_BUILD_VERBOSITY=1 to view build logs.
+        ''')
+
+        super().__init__(message)
+
+
+def strtobool(val: str) -> bool:
+    if val.lower() in ('y', 'yes', 't', 'true', 'on', '1'):
+        return True
+    return False
+
+
+class CIProvider(str, Enum):
+    travis_ci = 'travis'
+    appveyor = 'appveyor'
+    circle_ci = 'circle_ci'
+    azure_pipelines = 'azure_pipelines'
+    github_actions = 'github_actions'
+    gitlab = 'gitlab'
+    other = 'other'
+
+
+def detect_ci_provider() -> Optional[CIProvider]:
+    if 'TRAVIS' in os.environ:
+        return CIProvider.travis_ci
+    elif 'APPVEYOR' in os.environ:
+        return CIProvider.appveyor
+    elif 'CIRCLECI' in os.environ:
+        return CIProvider.circle_ci
+    elif 'AZURE_HTTP_USER_AGENT' in os.environ:
+        return CIProvider.azure_pipelines
+    elif 'GITHUB_ACTIONS' in os.environ:
+        return CIProvider.github_actions
+    elif 'GITLAB_CI' in os.environ:
+        return CIProvider.gitlab
+    elif strtobool(os.environ.get('CI', 'false')):
+        return CIProvider.other
+    else:
+        return None

cibuildwheel/windows.py

@@ -7,11 +7,13 @@ from os import PathLike
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Dict, List, NamedTuple, Optional, Sequence, Union
 from zipfile import ZipFile
+
 import toml
 
 from .environment import ParsedEnvironment
-from .util import (BuildOptions, BuildSelector, download,
-                   get_build_verbosity_extra_flags, get_pip_script,
+from .logger import log
+from .util import (BuildOptions, BuildSelector, NonPlatformWheelError,
+                   download, get_build_verbosity_extra_flags, get_pip_script,
                    prepare_command)
 
 IS_RUNNING_ON_AZURE = Path('C:\\hostedtoolcache').exists()
@@ -54,13 +56,16 @@ def get_python_configurations(build_selector: BuildSelector) -> List[PythonConfi
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.5.4', arch='64', identifier='cp35-win_amd64', url=None),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.6.8', arch='32', identifier='cp36-win32', url=None),
         PythonConfiguration(version='3.6.8', arch='64', identifier='cp36-win_amd64', url=None),
-        PythonConfiguration(version='3.7.8', arch='32', identifier='cp37-win32', url=None),
-        PythonConfiguration(version='3.7.8', arch='64', identifier='cp37-win_amd64', url=None),
-        PythonConfiguration(version='3.8.4', arch='32', identifier='cp38-win32', url=None),
-        PythonConfiguration(version='3.8.4', arch='64', identifier='cp38-win_amd64', url=None),
+        PythonConfiguration(version='3.7.9', arch='32', identifier='cp37-win32', url=None),
+        PythonConfiguration(version='3.7.9', arch='64', identifier='cp37-win_amd64', url=None),
+        PythonConfiguration(version='3.8.7', arch='32', identifier='cp38-win32', url=None),
+        PythonConfiguration(version='3.8.7', arch='64', identifier='cp38-win_amd64', url=None),
+        PythonConfiguration(version='3.9.1', arch='32', identifier='cp39-win32', url=None),
+        PythonConfiguration(version='3.9.1', arch='64', identifier='cp39-win_amd64', url=None),
         # PyPy
-        PythonConfiguration(version='2.7', arch='32', identifier='pp27-win32', url='https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy2.7-v7.3.1-win32.zip'),
-        PythonConfiguration(version='3.6', arch='32', identifier='pp36-win32', url='https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.6-v7.3.1-win32.zip'),
+        PythonConfiguration(version='2.7', arch='32', identifier='pp27-win32', url='https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy2.7-v7.3.3-win32.zip'),
+        PythonConfiguration(version='3.6', arch='32', identifier='pp36-win32', url='https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.6-v7.3.3-win32.zip'),
+        PythonConfiguration(version='3.7', arch='32', identifier='pp37-win32', url='https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.7-v7.3.3-win32.zip'),
     ]
 
     if IS_RUNNING_ON_TRAVIS:
@@ -106,11 +111,15 @@ def install_pypy(version: str, arch: str, url: str) -> Path:
 def setup_python(python_configuration: PythonConfiguration, dependency_constraint_flags: Sequence[Union[str, PathLike]], environment: ParsedEnvironment) -> Dict[str, str]:
     nuget = Path('C:\\cibw\\nuget.exe')
     if not nuget.exists():
+        log.step('Downloading nuget...')
         download('https://dist.nuget.org/win-x86-commandline/latest/nuget.exe', nuget)
 
-    if python_configuration.identifier.startswith('cp'):
+    implementation_id = python_configuration.identifier.split("-")[0]
+    log.step(f'Installing Python {implementation_id}...')
+
+    if implementation_id.startswith('cp'):
         installation_path = install_cpython(python_configuration.version, python_configuration.arch, nuget)
-    elif python_configuration.identifier.startswith('pp'):
+    elif implementation_id.startswith('pp'):
         assert python_configuration.url is not None
         installation_path = install_pypy(python_configuration.version, python_configuration.arch, python_configuration.url)
     else:
@@ -118,6 +127,8 @@ def setup_python(python_configuration: PythonConfiguration, dependency_constrain
 
     assert (installation_path / 'python.exe').exists()
 
+    log.step('Setting up build environment...')
+
     # set up PATH and environment variables for run_with_env
     env = os.environ.copy()
     env['PYTHON_VERSION'] = python_configuration.version
@@ -148,7 +159,8 @@ def setup_python(python_configuration: PythonConfiguration, dependency_constrain
         print("cibuildwheel: pip available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert pip above it.", file=sys.stderr)
         exit(1)
 
-    # prepare the Python environment
+    log.step('Installing build tools...')
+
     call(['python', '-m', 'pip', 'install', '--upgrade', 'pip', *dependency_constraint_flags], env=env)
     call(['pip', '--version'], env=env)
     call(['pip', 'install', '--upgrade', 'setuptools', 'wheel', *dependency_constraint_flags], env=env)
@@ -177,8 +189,15 @@ def pep_518_cp35_workaround(package_dir: Path, env: Dict[str, str]) -> None:
             if 'build-system' in data
             else []
         )
+
         if requirements:
-            shell(['pip', 'install'] + requirements, env=env)
+            log.step('Performing PEP518 workaround...')
+            with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as d:
+                reqfile = Path(d) / "requirements.txt"
+                with reqfile.open("w") as f:
+                    for r in requirements:
+                        print(r, file=f)
+                call(['pip', 'install', '-r', reqfile], env=env)
 
 
 def build(options: BuildOptions) -> None:
@@ -186,110 +205,122 @@ def build(options: BuildOptions) -> None:
     built_wheel_dir = temp_dir / 'built_wheel'
     repaired_wheel_dir = temp_dir / 'repaired_wheel'
 
-    # install nuget as best way to provide python
-    nuget = Path('C:\\cibw\\nuget.exe')
-    download('https://dist.nuget.org/win-x86-commandline/latest/nuget.exe', nuget)
+    try:
+        if options.before_all:
+            log.step('Running before_all...')
+            env = options.environment.as_dictionary(prev_environment=os.environ)
+            before_all_prepared = prepare_command(options.before_all, project='.', package=options.package_dir)
+            shell(before_all_prepared, env=env)
 
-    if options.before_all:
-        env = options.environment.as_dictionary(prev_environment=os.environ)
-        before_all_prepared = prepare_command(options.before_all, project='.', package=options.package_dir)
-        shell(before_all_prepared, env=env)
+        python_configurations = get_python_configurations(options.build_selector)
 
-    python_configurations = get_python_configurations(options.build_selector)
-    for config in python_configurations:
-        dependency_constraint_flags: Sequence[Union[str, PathLike]] = []
-        if options.dependency_constraints:
-            dependency_constraint_flags = [
-                '-c', options.dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version(config.version)
-            ]
+        for config in python_configurations:
+            log.build_start(config.identifier)
 
-        # install Python
-        env = setup_python(config, dependency_constraint_flags, options.environment)
+            dependency_constraint_flags: Sequence[Union[str, PathLike]] = []
+            if options.dependency_constraints:
+                dependency_constraint_flags = [
+                    '-c', options.dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version(config.version)
+                ]
 
-        # run the before_build command
-        if options.before_build:
-            before_build_prepared = prepare_command(options.before_build, project='.', package=options.package_dir)
-            shell(before_build_prepared, env=env)
+            # install Python
+            env = setup_python(config, dependency_constraint_flags, options.environment)
 
-        # activate the PEP 518 patch if on Windows Python 3.5
-        # (will only have an effect if PEP 517 builds are used):
-        if config.version.startswith('3.5'):
-            pep_518_cp35_workaround(options.package_dir, env)
+            # run the before_build command
+            if options.before_build:
+                log.step('Running before_build...')
+                before_build_prepared = prepare_command(options.before_build, project='.', package=options.package_dir)
+                shell(before_build_prepared, env=env)
 
-        # build the wheel
-        if built_wheel_dir.exists():
-            shutil.rmtree(built_wheel_dir)
-        built_wheel_dir.mkdir(parents=True)
-        # Path.resolve() is needed. Without it pip wheel may try to fetch package from pypi.org
-        # see https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/pull/369
-        call([
-            'pip', 'wheel',
-            options.package_dir.resolve(),
-            '-w', built_wheel_dir,
-            '--no-deps',
-            *get_build_verbosity_extra_flags(options.build_verbosity)
-        ], env=env)
+            # activate the PEP 518 patch if on Windows Python 3.5
+            # (will only have an effect if PEP 517 builds are used):
+            if config.version.startswith('3.5'):
+                pep_518_cp35_workaround(options.package_dir, env)
 
-        built_wheel = next(built_wheel_dir.glob('*.whl'))
+            log.step('Building wheel...')
+            if built_wheel_dir.exists():
+                shutil.rmtree(built_wheel_dir)
+            built_wheel_dir.mkdir(parents=True)
+            # Path.resolve() is needed. Without it pip wheel may try to fetch package from pypi.org
+            # see https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/pull/369
+            call([
+                'pip', 'wheel',
+                options.package_dir.resolve(),
+                '-w', built_wheel_dir,
+                '--no-deps',
+                *get_build_verbosity_extra_flags(options.build_verbosity)
+            ], env=env)
 
-        # repair the wheel
-        if repaired_wheel_dir.exists():
-            shutil.rmtree(repaired_wheel_dir)
-        repaired_wheel_dir.mkdir(parents=True)
-        if built_wheel.name.endswith('none-any.whl') or not options.repair_command:
-            # pure Python wheel or empty repair command
-            shutil.move(str(built_wheel), repaired_wheel_dir)
-        else:
-            repair_command_prepared = prepare_command(options.repair_command, wheel=built_wheel, dest_dir=repaired_wheel_dir)
-            shell(repair_command_prepared, env=env)
-        repaired_wheel = next(repaired_wheel_dir.glob('*.whl'))
+            built_wheel = next(built_wheel_dir.glob('*.whl'))
 
-        if options.test_command:
-            # set up a virtual environment to install and test from, to make sure
-            # there are no dependencies that were pulled in at build time.
-            call(['pip', 'install', 'virtualenv', *dependency_constraint_flags], env=env)
-            venv_dir = Path(tempfile.mkdtemp())
+            # repair the wheel
+            if repaired_wheel_dir.exists():
+                shutil.rmtree(repaired_wheel_dir)
+            repaired_wheel_dir.mkdir(parents=True)
 
-            # Use --no-download to ensure determinism by using seed libraries
-            # built into virtualenv
-            call(['python', '-m', 'virtualenv', '--no-download', venv_dir], env=env)
+            if built_wheel.name.endswith('none-any.whl'):
+                raise NonPlatformWheelError()
 
-            virtualenv_env = env.copy()
-            virtualenv_env['PATH'] = os.pathsep.join([
-                str(venv_dir / 'Scripts'),
-                virtualenv_env['PATH'],
-            ])
+            if options.repair_command:
+                log.step('Repairing wheel...')
+                repair_command_prepared = prepare_command(options.repair_command, wheel=built_wheel, dest_dir=repaired_wheel_dir)
+                shell(repair_command_prepared, env=env)
+            else:
+                shutil.move(str(built_wheel), repaired_wheel_dir)
 
-            # check that we are using the Python from the virtual environment
-            call(['which', 'python'], env=virtualenv_env)
+            repaired_wheel = next(repaired_wheel_dir.glob('*.whl'))
 
-            if options.before_test:
-                before_test_prepared = prepare_command(
-                    options.before_test,
-                    project='.',
-                    package=options.package_dir
+            if options.test_command:
+                log.step('Testing wheel...')
+                # set up a virtual environment to install and test from, to make sure
+                # there are no dependencies that were pulled in at build time.
+                call(['pip', 'install', 'virtualenv', *dependency_constraint_flags], env=env)
+                venv_dir = Path(tempfile.mkdtemp())
+
+                # Use --no-download to ensure determinism by using seed libraries
+                # built into virtualenv
+                call(['python', '-m', 'virtualenv', '--no-download', venv_dir], env=env)
+
+                virtualenv_env = env.copy()
+                virtualenv_env['PATH'] = os.pathsep.join([
+                    str(venv_dir / 'Scripts'),
+                    virtualenv_env['PATH'],
+                ])
+
+                # check that we are using the Python from the virtual environment
+                call(['which', 'python'], env=virtualenv_env)
+
+                if options.before_test:
+                    before_test_prepared = prepare_command(
+                        options.before_test,
+                        project='.',
+                        package=options.package_dir
+                    )
+                    shell(before_test_prepared, env=virtualenv_env)
+
+                # install the wheel
+                call(['pip', 'install', str(repaired_wheel) + options.test_extras], env=virtualenv_env)
+
+                # test the wheel
+                if options.test_requires:
+                    call(['pip', 'install'] + options.test_requires, env=virtualenv_env)
+
+                # run the tests from c:\, with an absolute path in the command
+                # (this ensures that Python runs the tests against the installed wheel
+                # and not the repo code)
+                test_command_prepared = prepare_command(
+                    options.test_command,
+                    project=Path('.').resolve(),
+                    package=options.package_dir.resolve()
                 )
-                shell(before_test_prepared, env=virtualenv_env)
+                shell(test_command_prepared, cwd='c:\\', env=virtualenv_env)
 
-            # install the wheel
-            call(['pip', 'install', str(repaired_wheel) + options.test_extras], env=virtualenv_env)
+                # clean up
+                shutil.rmtree(venv_dir)
 
-            # test the wheel
-            if options.test_requires:
-                call(['pip', 'install'] + options.test_requires, env=virtualenv_env)
-
-            # run the tests from c:\, with an absolute path in the command
-            # (this ensures that Python runs the tests against the installed wheel
-            # and not the repo code)
-            test_command_prepared = prepare_command(
-                options.test_command,
-                project=Path('.').resolve(),
-                package=options.package_dir.resolve()
-            )
-            shell(test_command_prepared, cwd='c:\\', env=virtualenv_env)
-
-            # clean up
-            shutil.rmtree(venv_dir)
-
-        # we're all done here; move it to output (remove if already exists)
-        shutil.move(str(repaired_wheel), options.output_dir)
+            # we're all done here; move it to output (remove if already exists)
+            shutil.move(str(repaired_wheel), options.output_dir)
+            log.build_end()
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as error:
+        log.error(f'Command {error.cmd} failed with code {error.returncode}. {error.stdout}')
+        exit(1)

docs/changelog.md

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+---
+title: Changelog
+---
+
+{%
+   include-markdown "../README.md"
+   start="<!--changelog-start-->"
+   end="<!--changelog-end-->"
+%}
+
+<script>
+  // undo the scrollTop that the theme did on this page, as there are loads
+  // of toc entries and it's disorientating.
+  window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
+    $('.wy-nav-side').scrollTop(0)
+  })
+</script>

docs/contributing.md

@@ -28,3 +28,79 @@ cibuildwheel doesn't really do anything itself - it's always deferring to other
 We're not responsible for errors in those tools, for fixing errors/crashes there. But cibuildwheel's job is providing users with an 'integrated' user experience across those tools. We provide an abstraction. The user says 'build me some wheels', not 'open the docker container, build a wheel with pip, fix up the symbols with auditwheel' etc.  However, errors have a habit of breaking abstractions. And this is where users get confused, because the mechanism of cibuildwheel is laid bare, and they must understand a little bit how it works to debug.
 
 So, if we can, I'd like to improve the experience on errors as well. In [this](https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/issues/139) case, it takes a bit of knowledge to understand that the linux builds are happening in a totally different OS via docker, that the linked symbols won't match, that auditwheel will fail because of this. A problem with how the tools fit together, instead of the tools themselves.
+
+Maintainer notes
+----------------
+
+## Testing minimal configs
+
+cibuildwheel's _minimal_ example configs can be tested on a simple project on cibuildwheel's existing CI. These should be run whenever the minimal configs change.
+
+To test minimal configs, make sure you have a clean git repo, then run the script:
+
+```bash
+bin/run_example_ci_configs.py
+```
+
+The script will create an isolated 'orphan' commit containing all the minimal config CI files, and a simple C extension project, and push that to a branch on the `origin` repo. The project's CI is already set up to run on branch push, so will begin testing.
+
+The script then outputs a Markdown table that can be copy/pasted into a PR to monitor and record the test.
+
+## Preparing environments
+
+The dependency update script in the next section requires multiple python versions installed. One way to do this is to use `pyenv`:
+
+```bash
+pyenv install 2.7.18
+pyenv install 3.5.9
+pyenv install 3.6.11
+pyenv install 3.7.8
+# Optionally add 3.8 and make it the local version;
+# otherwise assuming 3.8+ already is your current python version
+```
+
+Then, you need to make the required virtual environments:
+
+```bash
+$(pyenv prefix 2.7.18)/bin/python -m pip install virtualenv
+$(pyenv prefix 2.7.18)/bin/python -m virtualenv env27
+$(pyenv prefix 3.5.9)/bin/python -m venv env35
+$(pyenv prefix 3.6.11)/bin/python -m venv env36
+$(pyenv prefix 3.7.8)/bin/python -m venv env37
+```
+
+<!-- Note for fish users: use zsh/bash for these lines for now, there's not a nice one-line fish replacement -->
+
+And, you need to install the requirements into each environment:
+
+```bash
+for f in env*/bin/pip; do $f install pip-tools; done
+```
+
+
+## Making a release
+
+Before making a release, ensure pinned dependencies are up-to-date. Run the script:
+
+```bash
+bin/make_dependency_update_pr.py
+```
+
+If updates are needed, this will push a PR with those updates for the CI to test. Once green, merge this PR.
+
+Then, increment the project version number using:
+
+```bash
+bin/bump_version.py
+```
+
+You'll be prompted to enter the new version number. Update the changelog when prompted. The script will create a 'bump version' commit and version tag.
+
+Finally, cut the release and upload to PyPI/Github.
+
+```bash
+rm -rf dist
+python setup.py sdist bdist_wheel
+twine upload dist/*
+git push && git push --tags
+```

docs/data/projects.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
+# Fields:
+# name: required, printed name
+# gh: Github repo (eventually a url: could be added for non-github projects)
+# stars: Github repo (optional, if different from package, such as for Twisted)
+# os: Operating system list, [windows, apple, linux] (optional)
+# ci: [appveyor, github, azurepipelines, circleci, gitlab, travisci] (optional)
+# notes: (text, optional)
+
+- name: Matplotlib
+  gh: matplotlib/matplotlib
+  notes: The venerable Matplotlib, a Python library with C++ portions
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+
+- name: pyinstrument_cext
+  gh: joerick/pyinstrument_cext
+  ci: [travisci, appveyor]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+  notes: A simple C extension, without external dependencies
+
+- name: websockets
+  gh: aaugustin/websockets
+  ci: [travisci]
+  ci_config: .travis.yml
+  os: [apple, linux]
+  notes: |
+    Library for building WebSocket servers and clients. Mostly written in
+    Python, with a small C 'speedups' extension module.
+
+- name: Parselmouth
+  gh: YannickJadoul/Parselmouth
+  notes: A Python interface to the Praat software package, using pybind11, C++17 and CMake, with the core Praat static library built only once and shared between wheels.
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+
+# Seems to be defunct
+# - name: python-admesh
+#   gh: admesh/python-admesh
+
+- name: pybase64
+  gh: mayeut/pybase64
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+
+
+- name: KDEpy
+  gh: tommyod/KDEpy
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+
+- name: AutoPy
+  gh: autopilot-rs/autopy
+  ci: [travisci]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+  notes: Includes a Windows Travis build.
+
+# Seems to be defunct
+# - name: apriltags2-ethz
+#  gh: safijari/apriltags2_ethz
+
+- name: TgCrypto
+  gh: pyrogram/tgcrypto
+  ci: [travisci]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+  notes: Includes a Windows Travis build.
+
+- name: twisted-iocpsupport
+  gh: twisted/twisted-iocpsupport
+  stars: twisted/twisted
+  notes: A submodule of Twisted that hooks into native C APIs using Cython.
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [windows]
+
+# cibuildwheel moved to backup folder
+# - name: gmic-py
+# gh: myselfhimself/gmic-py
+
+- name: River
+  gh: online-ml/river
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+
+- name: PyAV
+  gh: PyAV-Org/PyAV
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+  notes: Pythonic bindings for FFmpeg's libraries.
+
+- name: aiortc
+  gh: aiortc/aiortc
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [apple, linux]
+  notes: WebRTC and ORTC implementation for Python using asyncio.
+
+- name: aioquic
+  gh: aiortc/aioquic
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+
+- name: pikepdf
+  gh: pikepdf/pikepdf
+  ci: [azurepipelines]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+
+- name: fathon
+  gh: stfbnc/fathon
+  ci: [travisci]
+  os: [apple, linux]
+
+- name: etebase-py
+  gh: etesync/etebase-py
+  notes: Python bindings to a Rust library using `setuptools-rust`, and `sccache` for improved speed.
+  ci: [travisci]
+  os: [linux]
+
+- name: xmlstarlet
+  gh: dimitern/xmlstarlet
+  notes: Python 3.6+ CFFI bindings with true MSVC build.
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+
+- name: bx-python
+  gh: bxlab/bx-python
+  notes: A library that includes Cython extensions.
+  ci: [travisci]
+  os: [apple, linux]
+
+- name: coverage.py
+  gh: nedbat/coveragepy
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+  notes: The coverage tool for Python
+
+- name: scikit-learn
+  gh: scikit-learn/scikit-learn
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+  ci_config: .github/workflows/wheels.yml
+  notes: |
+    The machine learning library. A complex but clean config using many of
+    cibuildwheel's features to build a large project with Cython and C++
+    extensions.
+
+- name: scikit-image
+  gh: scikit-image/scikit-image
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+  ci_config: .github/workflows/cibuildwheel.yml
+  notes: |
+    Image processing library. Uses cibuildwheel to build and test a project
+    that uses Cython with platform-native code.
+
+- name: google neuroglancer
+  gh: google/neuroglancer
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+
+- name: h5py
+  gh: h5py/h5py
+  ci: [azurepipelines]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+
+- name: pyzmq
+  gh: zeromq/pyzmq
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+  ci_config: .github/workflows/wheels.yml
+  notes: |
+    Python bindings for zeromq, the networking library. Uses Cython and CFFI.
+
+- name: python-rapidjson
+  gh: python-rapidjson/python-rapidjson
+  ci: [travisci, gitlab, appveyor]
+  os: [windows, linux]
+
+- name: jq.py
+  gh: mwilliamson/jq.py
+  ci: [travisci]
+  os: [apple, linux]
+
+- name: pybind11 python_example
+  gh: pybind/python_example
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+
+- name: pybind11 cmake_example
+  gh: pybind/cmake_example
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+
+- name: pybind11 scikit_build_example
+  gh: pybind/scikit_build_example
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+
+- name: iminuit
+  gh: scikit-hep/iminuit
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+
+- name: pyjet
+  gh: scikit-hep/pyjet
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+
+- name: numpythia
+  gh: scikit-hep/numpythia
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [apple, linux]
+
+- name: boost-histogram
+  gh: scikit-hep/boost-histogram
+  ci: [github, travisci]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+  notes: Supports full range of wheels, including PyPy and alternate archs.
+
+- name: Rtree
+  gh: Toblerity/rtree
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+
+- name: psutil
+  gh: giampaolo/psutil
+  ci: [github]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+
+- name: Dependency Injector
+  gh: ets-labs/python-dependency-injector
+  ci: [travisci]
+  os: [windows, apple, linux]
+  notes: Dependency injection framework for Python, uses Windows TravisCI

docs/data/readme_icons/apple.svg

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16px" fill="#606060"><title>Apple icon</title><path d="M12.152 6.896c-.948 0-2.415-1.078-3.96-1.04-2.04.027-3.91 1.183-4.961 3.014-2.117 3.675-.546 9.103 1.519 12.09 1.013 1.454 2.208 3.09 3.792 3.039 1.52-.065 2.09-.987 3.935-.987 1.831 0 2.35.987 3.96.948 1.637-.026 2.676-1.48 3.676-2.948 1.156-1.688 1.636-3.325 1.662-3.415-.039-.013-3.182-1.221-3.22-4.857-.026-3.04 2.48-4.494 2.597-4.559-1.429-2.09-3.623-2.324-4.39-2.376-2-.156-3.675 1.09-4.61 1.09zM15.53 3.83c.843-1.012 1.4-2.427 1.245-3.83-1.207.052-2.662.805-3.532 1.818-.78.896-1.454 2.338-1.273 3.714 1.338.104 2.715-.688 3.559-1.701"/></svg>

docs/data/readme_icons/appveyor.svg

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16px" fill="#606060"><title>AppVeyor icon</title><path d="M 12,0 C 18.6,0 24,5.4 24,12 24,18.6 18.6,24 12,24 5.4,24 0,18.6 0,12 0,5.4 5.4,0 12,0 Z m 2.94,14.34 C 16.26,12.66 16.08,10.26 14.4,9 12.78,7.74 10.38,8.04 9,9.72 7.68,11.4 7.86,13.8 9.54,15.06 c 1.68,1.26 4.08,0.96 5.4,-0.72 z m -6.42,7.8 c 0.72,0.3 2.28,0.6 3.06,0.6 l 5.22,-7.56 c 1.68,-2.52 1.26,-5.94 -1.08,-7.8 -2.1,-1.68 -5.04,-1.62 -7.14,0 l -7.26,5.58 c 0.18,1.92 0.72,2.88 0.72,2.94 l 4.14,-4.5 c -0.3,1.98 0.42,4.02 2.1,5.28 1.44,1.14 3.18,1.44 4.86,1.08 z"/></svg>

docs/data/readme_icons/azurepipelines.svg

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16px" fill="#606060"><title>Azure Pipelines icon</title><path d="M1.8 18H0v6h6v-1.8H1.8zM23 0h-8.93a2 2 0 0 0-1.67.89L9 5.99H1a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v5.5l3.5 3.61 1.2-1.29 1.5 1.5L5 17.53l1.48 1.48 1.22-1.22 1.5 1.51L8 20.5l3.5 3.5H17a1 1 0 0 0 1-1v-8l5.11-3.4A2 2 0 0 0 24 9.92V1a1 1 0 0 0-1-1zm-5 9a3 3 0 1 1 0-6 3 3 0 0 1 0 6z"/></svg>

docs/data/readme_icons/circleci.svg

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16px" fill="#606060"><title>CircleCI icon</title><path d="M8.963 12c0-1.584 1.284-2.855 2.855-2.855 1.572 0 2.856 1.284 2.856 2.855 0 1.572-1.284 2.856-2.856 2.856-1.57 0-2.855-1.284-2.855-2.856zm2.855-12C6.215 0 1.522 3.84.19 9.025c-.01.036-.01.07-.01.12 0 .313.252.576.575.576H5.59c.23 0 .433-.13.517-.333.997-2.16 3.18-3.672 5.712-3.672 3.466 0 6.286 2.82 6.286 6.287 0 3.47-2.82 6.29-6.29 6.29-2.53 0-4.714-1.5-5.71-3.673-.097-.19-.29-.336-.517-.336H.755c-.312 0-.575.253-.575.576 0 .037.014.072.014.12C1.514 20.16 6.214 24 11.818 24c6.624 0 12-5.375 12-12 0-6.623-5.376-12-12-12z"/></svg>

docs/data/readme_icons/github.svg

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16px" fill="#606060"><title>GitHub icon</title><path d="M12 .297c-6.63 0-12 5.373-12 12 0 5.303 3.438 9.8 8.205 11.385.6.113.82-.258.82-.577 0-.285-.01-1.04-.015-2.04-3.338.724-4.042-1.61-4.042-1.61C4.422 18.07 3.633 17.7 3.633 17.7c-1.087-.744.084-.729.084-.729 1.205.084 1.838 1.236 1.838 1.236 1.07 1.835 2.809 1.305 3.495.998.108-.776.417-1.305.76-1.605-2.665-.3-5.466-1.332-5.466-5.93 0-1.31.465-2.38 1.235-3.22-.135-.303-.54-1.523.105-3.176 0 0 1.005-.322 3.3 1.23.96-.267 1.98-.399 3-.405 1.02.006 2.04.138 3 .405 2.28-1.552 3.285-1.23 3.285-1.23.645 1.653.24 2.873.12 3.176.765.84 1.23 1.91 1.23 3.22 0 4.61-2.805 5.625-5.475 5.92.42.36.81 1.096.81 2.22 0 1.606-.015 2.896-.015 3.286 0 .315.21.69.825.57C20.565 22.092 24 17.592 24 12.297c0-6.627-5.373-12-12-12"/></svg>

docs/data/readme_icons/gitlab.svg

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16px" fill="#606060"><title>GitLab icon</title><path d="M4.845.904c-.435 0-.82.28-.955.692C2.639 5.449 1.246 9.728.07 13.335a1.437 1.437 0 00.522 1.607l11.071 8.045c.2.145.472.144.67-.004l11.073-8.04a1.436 1.436 0 00.522-1.61c-1.285-3.942-2.683-8.256-3.817-11.746a1.004 1.004 0 00-.957-.684.987.987 0 00-.949.69l-2.405 7.408H8.203l-2.41-7.408a.987.987 0 00-.942-.69h-.006zm-.006 1.42l2.173 6.678H2.675zm14.326 0l2.168 6.678h-4.341zm-10.593 7.81h6.862c-1.142 3.52-2.288 7.04-3.434 10.559L8.572 10.135zm-5.514.005h4.321l3.086 9.5zm13.567 0h4.325c-2.467 3.17-4.95 6.328-7.411 9.502 1.028-3.167 2.059-6.334 3.086-9.502zM2.1 10.762l6.977 8.947-7.817-5.682a.305.305 0 01-.112-.341zm19.798 0l.952 2.922a.305.305 0 01-.11.341v.002l-7.82 5.68.026-.035z"/></svg>

docs/data/readme_icons/travisci.svg

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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docs/data/readme_icons/windows.svg

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16px" fill="#606060"><title>Windows icon</title><path d="M0 3.449L9.75 2.1v9.451H0m10.949-9.602L24 0v11.4H10.949M0 12.6h9.75v9.451L0 20.699M10.949 12.6H24V24l-12.9-1.801"/></svg>

docs/deliver-to-pypi.md

@@ -9,14 +9,14 @@ After you've built your wheels, you'll probably want to deliver them to PyPI.
 On your development machine, do the following...
 
 ```bash
-# Clear out your 'dist' folder. 
+# Clear out your 'dist' folder.
 rm -rf dist
 # Make a source distribution
 python setup.py sdist
 
 # 🏃🏻
 # Go and download your wheel files from wherever you put them. e.g. your CI
-# provider can be configured to store them for you. Put them all into the 
+# provider can be configured to store them for you. Put them all into the
 # 'dist' folder.
 
 # Upload using 'twine' (you may need to 'pip install twine')
@@ -33,4 +33,4 @@ Obviously, manual steps are for chumps, so we can automate this a little by usin
 
 If you don't need much control over the release of a package, you can set up cibuildwheel to deliver the wheels straight to PyPI. This doesn't require anycloud storage to work - you just need to bump the version and tag it.
 
-[`examples/travis-ci-deploy.yml`](https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/blob/master/examples/travis-ci-deploy.yml) and [`examples/github-deploy.yml`](https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/blob/master/examples/github-deploy.yml) are example configurations that automatocially upload wheels to PyPI. Also check out [this example repo](https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel-autopypi-example) for more detailed instructions on how to set this up.
+[`examples/travis-ci-deploy.yml`](https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/blob/master/examples/travis-ci-deploy.yml) and [`examples/github-deploy.yml`](https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/blob/master/examples/github-deploy.yml) are example configurations that automatically upload wheels to PyPI. Also check out [this example repo](https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel-autopypi-example) for more detailed instructions on how to set this up.

docs/extra.css

@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
     border-bottom: 1px solid  #e1e4e5;
     margin-bottom: 0.8em;
     padding-bottom: 0.2em;
-
 }
 
 .rst-content blockquote {
@@ -59,7 +58,7 @@ h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
     background-color: #eff1f3;
     font-size: 85%;
     font-weight: bold;
-    
+
     border-top-left-radius: 3px;
     border-top-right-radius: 3px;
 

docs/faq.md

@@ -61,3 +61,76 @@ python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
 python3 -m pip install twine
 python3 -m twine upload wheelhouse/*.whl
 ```
+
+### 'ImportError: DLL load failed: The specific module could not be found' error on Windows
+
+Visual Studio and MSVC link the compiled binary wheels to the Microsoft Visual C++ Runtime. Normally, these are included with Python, but when compiling with a newer version of Visual Studio, it is possible users will run into problems on systems that do not have these runtime libraries installed. The solution is to ask users to download the corresponding Visual C++ Redistributable from the [Microsoft website](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/2977003/the-latest-supported-visual-c-downloads) and install it. Since a Python installation normally includes these VC++ Redistributable files for [the version of the MSVC compiler used to compile Python](https://wiki.python.org/moin/WindowsCompilers), this is typically only a problem when compiling a Python 2.7 C extension with a newer compiler, e.g. to support a modern C++ standard (see [the section on modern C++ standards for Python 2.7](cpp_standards.md#windows-and-python-27) for more details).
+
+Additionally, Visual Studio 2019 started linking to an even newer DLL, `VCRUNTIME140_1.dll`, besides the `VCRUNTIME140.dll` that is included with recent Python versions (starting from Python 3.5; see [here](https://wiki.python.org/moin/WindowsCompilers) for more details on the corresponding Visual Studio & MSVC versions used to compile the different Python versions). To avoid this extra dependency on `VCRUNTIME140_1.dll`, the [`/d2FH4-` flag](https://devblogs.microsoft.com/cppblog/making-cpp-exception-handling-smaller-x64/) can be added to the MSVC invocations (check out [this issue](https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/issues/423) for details and references).
+
+To add the `/d2FH4-` flag to a standard `setup.py` using `setuptools`, the `extra_compile_args` option can be used:
+
+```python
+    ext_modules=[
+        Extension(
+            'c_module',
+            sources=['extension.c'],
+            extra_compile_args=['/d2FH4-'] if sys.platform == 'win32' else []
+        )
+    ],
+```
+
+To investigate the dependencies of a C extension (i.e., the `.pyd` file, a DLL in disguise) on Windows, [Dependency Walker](http://www.dependencywalker.com/) is a great tool.
+
+
+### Automatic updates {: #automatic-updates}
+
+Selecting a moving target (like the latest release) is generally a bad idea in CI. If something breaks, you can't tell whether it was your code or an upstream update that caused the breakage, and in a worse-case scenario, it could occur during a release.
+There are two suggested methods for keeping cibuildwheel up to date that instead involve scheduled pull requests using GitHub's dependabot.
+
+#### Option 1: GitHub Action
+
+If you use GitHub Actions for builds, you can use cibuildwheel as an action:
+
+```yaml
+uses: joerick/cibuildwheel@v1.7.3
+```
+
+This is a composite step that just installs and runs cibuildwheel. You can set command-line options as `with:` parameters, and use `env:` as normal.
+
+Then, your `dependabot.yml` file could look like this:
+
+```yaml
+version: 2
+updates:
+  - package-ecosystem: "github-actions"
+    directory: "/"
+    schedule:
+      interval: "weekly"
+    ignore:
+      # Optional: Official actions have moving tags like v1;
+      # if you use those, you don't need updates.
+      - dependency-name: "actions/*"
+```
+
+#### Option 2: Requirement files
+
+The second option, and the only one that supports other CI systems, is using a `requirements-*.txt` file. The file should have a distinct name and have only one entry:
+
+```bash
+# requirements-cibw.txt
+cibuildwheel==1.7.3
+```
+
+Then your install step would have `python -m pip install -r requirements-cibw.txt` in it. Your `dependabot.yml` file could look like this:
+
+```yaml
+version: 2
+updates:
+  - package-ecosystem: "pip"
+    directory: "/"
+    schedule:
+      interval: "daily"
+```
+
+This will also try to update other pins in all requirement files, so be sure you want to do that. The only control you have over the files used is via the directory option.

docs/index.md

@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
 title: Home
 ---
 
-{% 
-   includemarkdown "../README.md"
-   start="<!--intro-start-->" 
+{%
+   include-markdown "../README.md"
+   start="<!--intro-start-->"
    end="<!--intro-end-->"
 %}
 

docs/mkdocs_include_markdown_plugin/mkdocs_include_markdown_plugin/plugin.py

@@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
-import cgi
-import re
-from pathlib import Path
-
-import mkdocs
-
-INCLUDE_TAG_REGEX = re.compile(
-    r'''
-        {% # opening tag
-        \s*
-        include # directive name
-        \s+
-        "(?P<filename>[^"]+)" # "filename"
-        \s*
-        %} # closing tag
-    ''',
-    flags=re.VERBOSE,
-)
-
-INCLUDEMARKDOWN_TAG_REGEX = re.compile(
-    r'''
-        {% # opening tag
-        \s*
-        includemarkdown # directive name
-        \s+
-        "(?P<filename>[^"]+)" # "filename"
-        (?:\s+start="(?P<start>[^"]+)")? # optional start expression
-        (?:\s+end="(?P<end>[^"]+)")? # optional end expression
-        \s*
-        %} # closing tag
-    ''',
-    flags=re.VERBOSE,
-)
-
-
-class ImportMarkdownPlugin(mkdocs.plugins.BasePlugin):
-    def on_page_markdown(self, markdown, page, **kwargs):
-        page_src_path = page.file.abs_src_path
-
-        def found_include_tag(match):
-            filename = match.group('filename')
-
-            file_path_abs = Path(page_src_path).parent / filename
-
-            if not file_path_abs.exists():
-                raise ValueError('file not found', filename)
-
-            text_to_include = file_path_abs.read_text(encoding='utf8')
-
-            # Allow good practice of having a final newline in the file
-            if text_to_include.endswith('\n'):
-                text_to_include = text_to_include[:-1]
-
-            return text_to_include
-
-        def found_includemarkdown_tag(match):
-            filename = match.group('filename')
-            start = match.group('start')
-            end = match.group('end')
-
-            file_path_abs = Path(page_src_path).parent / filename
-
-            if not file_path_abs.exists():
-                raise ValueError('file not found', filename)
-
-            text_to_include = file_path_abs.read_text(encoding='utf8')
-
-            if start:
-                _, _, text_to_include = text_to_include.partition(start)
-
-            if end:
-                text_to_include, _, _ = text_to_include.partition(end)
-
-            return (
-                '<!-- BEGIN INCLUDE %s %s %s -->\n' % (
-                    filename, cgi.escape(start or ''), cgi.escape(end or '')
-                )
-                + text_to_include
-                + '\n<!-- END INCLUDE -->'
-            )
-
-        markdown = re.sub(INCLUDE_TAG_REGEX, found_include_tag, markdown)
-        markdown = re.sub(INCLUDEMARKDOWN_TAG_REGEX, found_includemarkdown_tag, markdown)
-        return markdown

docs/mkdocs_include_markdown_plugin/setup.py

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-from setuptools import setup
-
-setup(
-    name='mkdocs_include_markdown_plugin',
-    version='1.0',
-    author='Joe Rickerby',
-    license='Apache 2',
-    packages=['mkdocs_include_markdown_plugin'],
-    entry_points={
-        'mkdocs.plugins': [
-            'importmarkdown = mkdocs_include_markdown_plugin.plugin:ImportMarkdownPlugin',
-        ]
-    },
-    zip_safe=False
-)

docs/options.md

@@ -86,13 +86,16 @@ When setting the options, you can use shell-style globbing syntax (as per [`fnma
 | Python 3.6      | cp36-macosx_x86_64  | cp36-manylinux_x86_64  | cp36-manylinux_i686  | cp36-win_amd64  | cp36-win32     | cp36-manylinux_aarch64 | cp36-manylinux_ppc64le | cp36-manylinux_s390x |
 | Python 3.7      | cp37-macosx_x86_64  | cp37-manylinux_x86_64  | cp37-manylinux_i686  | cp37-win_amd64  | cp37-win32     | cp37-manylinux_aarch64 | cp37-manylinux_ppc64le | cp37-manylinux_s390x |
 | Python 3.8      | cp38-macosx_x86_64  | cp38-manylinux_x86_64  | cp38-manylinux_i686  | cp38-win_amd64  | cp38-win32     | cp38-manylinux_aarch64 | cp38-manylinux_ppc64le | cp38-manylinux_s390x |
-| PyPy 2.7 v7.3.0 | pp27-macosx_x86_64  | pp27-manylinux_x86_64  |                      |                 | pp27-win32     |                        |                        |                      |
-| PyPy 3.6 v7.3.0 | pp36-macosx_x86_64  | pp36-manylinux_x86_64  |                      |                 | pp36-win32     |                        |                        |                      |
+| Python 3.9      | cp39-macosx_x86_64  | cp39-manylinux_x86_64  | cp39-manylinux_i686  | cp39-win_amd64  | cp39-win32     | cp39-manylinux_aarch64 | cp39-manylinux_ppc64le | cp39-manylinux_s390x |
+| PyPy 2.7 v7.3.3 | pp27-macosx_x86_64  | pp27-manylinux_x86_64  |                      |                 | pp27-win32     |                        |                        |                      |
+| PyPy 3.6 v7.3.3 | pp36-macosx_x86_64  | pp36-manylinux_x86_64  |                      |                 | pp36-win32     |                        |                        |                      |
+| PyPy 3.7 (beta) v7.3.3 | pp37-macosx_x86_64  | pp37-manylinux_x86_64  |                      |                 | pp37-win32     |                        |                        |                      |
+
 
 The list of supported and currently selected build identifiers can also be retrieved by passing the `--print-build-identifiers` flag to `cibuildwheel`.
 The format is `python_tag-platform_tag`, with tags similar to those in [PEP 425](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0425/#details).
 
-For CPython, the minimally supported macOS version is 10.9; for PyPy 2.7 and PyPy 3.6, respectively macOS 10.7 and 10.13 or higher is required.
+For CPython, the minimally supported macOS version is 10.9; for PyPy 2.7 and PyPy 3.6/3.7, respectively macOS 10.7 and 10.13 or higher is required.
 
 #### Examples
 

docs/setup.md

@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ For more info on this file, check out the [docs](https://help.github.com/en/acti
 
 [`examples/github-deploy.yml`](https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/blob/master/examples/github-deploy.yml) extends this minimal example with a demonstration of how to automatically upload the built wheels to PyPI.
 
+You can also use cibuildwheel directly as an action with `uses: joerick/cibuildwheel@v1.7.3`; this combines the download and run steps into a single action, and command line arguments are available via `with:`. This makes it easy to manage cibuildwheel updates via normal actions update mechanisms like dependabot, see [Automatic updates](faq.md#automatic-updates).
+
 # Azure Pipelines [linux/mac/windows] {: #azure-pipelines}
 
 To build Linux, Mac, and Windows wheels on Azure Pipelines, create a `azure-pipelines.yml` file in your repo.
@@ -48,7 +50,7 @@ Commit this file, enable building of your repo on Travis CI, and push.
 
 Then setup a deployment method by following the [Travis CI deployment docs](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/deployment/), or see [Delivering to PyPI](deliver-to-pypi.md). For more info on `.travis.yml`, check out the [docs](https://docs.travis-ci.com/).
 
-[`examples/travis-deploy.yml`](https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/blob/master/examples/travis-deploy.yml) extends this minimal example with a demonstration of how to automatically upload the built wheels to PyPI.
+[`examples/travis-ci-deploy.yml`](https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/blob/master/examples/travis-ci-deploy.yml) extends this minimal example with a demonstration of how to automatically upload the built wheels to PyPI.
 
 # CircleCI [linux/mac] {: #circleci}
 
@@ -66,6 +68,19 @@ Commit this file, enable building of your repo on CircleCI, and push.
 
 CircleCI will store the built wheels for you - you can access them from the project console. Check out the CircleCI [docs](https://circleci.com/docs/2.0/configuration-reference/#section=configuration) for more info on this config file.
 
+# Gitlab CI [linux] {: #gitlab-ci}
+
+To build Linux wheels on Gitlab CI, create a `.gitlab-ci.yml` file in your repo,
+
+> .gitlab-ci.yml
+```yaml
+{% include "../examples/gitlab-minimal.yml" %}
+```
+
+Commit this file, and push to Gitlab. The pipeline should start automatically.
+
+Gitlab will store the built wheels for you - you can access them from the Pipelines view. Check out the Gitlab [docs](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/) for more info on this config file.
+
 # AppVeyor [linux/mac/windows] {: #appveyor}
 
 To build Linux, Mac, and Windows wheels on AppVeyor, create an `appveyor.yml` file in your repo.

docs/working-examples.md

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+---
+title: Working examples
+---
+
+{%
+   include-markdown "../README.md"
+   start="<!--working-examples-start-->"
+   end="<!--working-examples-end-->"
+%}
+
+<style>
+.wy-nav-content {
+  /* this table benefits from a wider page */
+  max-width: 1000px;
+}
+.rst-content .section table img {
+  /* make the icons darker on this page */
+  filter: brightness(0.5);
+}
+</style>

examples/appveyor-minimal.yml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ stack: python 3.7
 init:
 - cmd: set PATH=C:\Python37;C:\Python37\Scripts;%PATH%
 
-install: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==1.5.3
+install: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==1.7.3
 
 build_script: python -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
 

examples/azure-pipelines-minimal.yml

@@ -4,9 +4,12 @@ jobs:
   steps:
     - task: UsePythonVersion@0
     - bash: |
+        set -o errexit
         python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        pip3 install cibuildwheel==1.5.3
-        cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
+        pip3 install cibuildwheel==1.7.3
+      displayName: Install dependencies
+    - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
+      displayName: Build wheels
     - task: PublishBuildArtifacts@1
       inputs: {pathtoPublish: 'wheelhouse'}
 
@@ -15,11 +18,14 @@ jobs:
   steps:
     - task: UsePythonVersion@0
     - bash: |
+        set -o errexit
         python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        pip3 install cibuildwheel==1.5.3
-        cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
+        python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==1.7.3
+      displayName: Install dependencies
+    - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
+      displayName: Build wheels
     - task: PublishBuildArtifacts@1
-      inputs: {pathtoPublish: 'wheelhouse'}
+      inputs: {pathtoPublish: wheelhouse}
 
 - job: windows
   pool: {vmImage: 'vs2017-win2016'}
@@ -28,8 +34,11 @@ jobs:
     - script: choco install vcpython27 -f -y
       displayName: Install Visual C++ for Python 2.7
     - bash: |
+        set -o errexit
         python -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        pip install cibuildwheel==1.5.3
-        cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
+        pip install cibuildwheel==1.7.3
+      displayName: Install dependencies
+    - bash: cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse .
+      displayName: Build wheels
     - task: PublishBuildArtifacts@1
       inputs: {pathtoPublish: 'wheelhouse'}

examples/circleci-minimal.yml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ jobs:
       - run:
           name: Build the Linux wheels.
           command: |
-            pip3 install --user cibuildwheel==1.5.3
+            pip3 install --user cibuildwheel==1.7.3
             cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       - store_artifacts:
           path: wheelhouse/
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ jobs:
   osx-wheels:
     working_directory: ~/osx-wheels
     macos:
-      xcode: "10.0.0"
+      xcode: 10.0.0
     steps:
       - checkout
       - run:
           name: Build the OS X wheels.
           command: |
-            pip3 install --user cibuildwheel==1.5.3
+            pip3 install cibuildwheel==1.7.3
             cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       - store_artifacts:
           path: wheelhouse/

examples/github-deploy.yml

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Install cibuildwheel
         run: |
-          python -m pip install cibuildwheel==1.5.3
+          python -m pip install cibuildwheel==1.7.3
 
       - name: Install Visual C++ for Python 2.7
         if: runner.os == 'Windows'

examples/github-minimal.yml

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Install cibuildwheel
         run: |
-          python -m pip install cibuildwheel==1.5.3
+          python -m pip install cibuildwheel==1.7.3
 
       - name: Install Visual C++ for Python 2.7
         if: runner.os == 'Windows'

examples/gitlab-minimal.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+linux:
+  image: python:3.8
+  # make a docker daemon available for cibuildwheel to use
+  services:
+    - name: docker:dind
+      entrypoint: ["env", "-u", "DOCKER_HOST"]
+      command: ["dockerd-entrypoint.sh"]
+  variables:
+    DOCKER_HOST: tcp://docker:2375/
+    DOCKER_DRIVER: overlay2
+    # See https://github.com/docker-library/docker/pull/166
+    DOCKER_TLS_CERTDIR: ""
+  script:
+    - curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh
+    - python -m pip install cibuildwheel
+    - cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
+  artifacts:
+    paths:
+      - wheelhouse/

examples/travis-ci-deploy.yml

@@ -19,22 +19,18 @@ jobs:
         # make sure it's on PATH as 'python3'
         - ln -s /c/Python38/python.exe /c/Python38/python3.exe
 
-env:
-  global:
-    - TWINE_USERNAME=__token__
-    # Note: TWINE_PASSWORD is set to a PyPI API token in Travis settings
-
 install:
-  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==1.5.3
+  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==1.7.3
 
 script:
   # build the wheels, put them into './wheelhouse'
   - python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
 
-after_success:
-  # if the release was tagged, upload them to PyPI
-  - |
-    if [[ $TRAVIS_TAG ]]; then
-      python3 -m pip install twine
-      python3 -m twine upload wheelhouse/*.whl
-    fi
+deploy:
+  provider: pypi
+  username: "__token__"
+  skip_cleanup: true
+  on:
+    tags: true
+  password:
+    secure: "" # Set to an encrypted API token. See https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/deployment/pypi/

examples/travis-ci-minimal.yml

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ jobs:
         - ln -s /c/Python38/python.exe /c/Python38/python3.exe
 
 install:
-  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==1.5.3
+  - python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==1.7.3
 
 script:
   # build the wheels, put them into './wheelhouse'

examples/travis-ci-test-and-deploy.yml

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ jobs:
     - stage: deploy
       name: Build and deploy Linux wheels
       services: docker
-      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==1.5.3
+      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==1.7.3
       script: python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       after_success: |
         python3 -m pip install twine
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ jobs:
       name: Build and deploy macOS wheels
       os: osx
       language: shell
-      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==1.5.3
+      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==1.7.3
       script: python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       after_success: |
         python3 -m pip install twine
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ jobs:
       name: Build and deploy Windows wheels
       os: windows
       language: shell
-      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==1.5.3
+      install: python3 -m pip install cibuildwheel==1.7.3
       script: python3 -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
       after_success: |
         python3 -m pip install twine

mkdocs.yml

@@ -20,7 +20,9 @@ nav:
   - deliver-to-pypi.md
   - cpp_standards.md
   - faq.md
+  - working-examples.md
   - contributing.md
+  - changelog.md
 
 markdown_extensions:
   - fenced_code
@@ -32,4 +34,4 @@ markdown_extensions:
       repo_url_shortener: True
 
 plugins:
-  - importmarkdown
+  - include-markdown

pyproject.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+[build-system]
+requires = [
+    "setuptools>=42",
+    "wheel"
+]
+
+build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"

requirements-dev.txt

@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 -e .
--e ./docs/mkdocs_include_markdown_plugin
 pytest
+pytest-timeout
 mkdocs==1.0.4
+mkdocs-include-markdown-plugin==2.1.1
 pymdown-extensions
 pip-tools
 requests
 click
 mypy
+pyyaml
+pygithub
 typing-extensions

setup.cfg

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 [flake8]
-ignore = E501,W503,E741,E226
+ignore = E501,W503,E741,E226,B950
+select = C,E,F,W,B,B9
 application-import-names = cibuildwheel
 exclude =
   cibuildwheel/resources/,

setup.py

@@ -11,14 +11,18 @@ long_description = (this_directory / 'README.md').read_text(encoding='utf-8')
 
 setup(
     name='cibuildwheel',
-    version='1.5.3',
-    install_requires=['bashlex!=0.13', 'toml'],
+    version='1.7.3',
+    install_requires=['bashlex!=0.13', 'toml', 'certifi'],
     description="Build Python wheels on CI with minimal configuration.",
     long_description=long_description,
     long_description_content_type='text/markdown',
     author="Joe Rickerby",
     author_email='joerick@mac.com',
     url='https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel',
+    project_urls={
+        'Changelog': 'https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel#changelog',
+        'Documentation': 'https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/',
+    },
     packages=['cibuildwheel', ],
     license="BSD",
     zip_safe=False,

test/test_0_basic.py

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
-import textwrap
 import platform
-from . import test_projects
-from . import utils
+import textwrap
+import pytest
+
+from cibuildwheel.logger import Logger
+from . import test_projects, utils
 
 basic_project = test_projects.new_c_project(
     setup_py_add=textwrap.dedent('''
@@ -25,6 +27,22 @@ def test(tmp_path):
     assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
 
 
+@pytest.mark.skip(reason='to keep test output clean')
+def test_sample_build(tmp_path, capfd):
+    project_dir = tmp_path / 'project'
+    basic_project.generate(project_dir)
+
+    # build the wheels, and let the output passthrough to the caller, so
+    # we can see how it looks
+    with capfd.disabled():
+        logger = Logger()
+        logger.step('test_sample_build')
+        try:
+            utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir)
+        finally:
+            logger.step_end()
+
+
 def test_build_identifiers(tmp_path):
     project_dir = tmp_path / 'project'
     basic_project.generate(project_dir)

test/test_before_all.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-import os
+import pytest
+import subprocess
 import textwrap
 
 from . import utils
@@ -21,18 +22,44 @@ def test(tmp_path):
     project_dir = tmp_path / 'project'
     project_with_before_build_asserts.generate(project_dir)
 
-    with open(os.path.join(project_dir, "text_info.txt"), mode='w') as ff:
+    with (project_dir / 'text_info.txt').open(mode='w') as ff:
         print("dummy text", file=ff)
 
     # build the wheels
+    before_all_command = '''python -c "import os;open('{project}/text_info.txt', 'w').write('sample text '+os.environ.get('TEST_VAL', ''))"'''
     actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, add_env={
         # write python version information to a temporary file, this is
         # checked in setup.py
-        'CIBW_BEFORE_ALL': '''python -c "import os;open('{project}/text_info.txt', 'w').write('sample text '+os.environ.get('TEST_VAL', ''))"''',
+        'CIBW_BEFORE_ALL': before_all_command,
+        'CIBW_BEFORE_ALL_LINUX': before_all_command + ''' && python -c "import sys; assert sys.version_info >= (3, 6)"''',
         'CIBW_ENVIRONMENT': "TEST_VAL='123'"
     })
 
     # also check that we got the right wheels
-    os.remove(os.path.join(project_dir, "text_info.txt"))
+    (project_dir / 'text_info.txt').unlink()
+    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels('spam', '0.1.0')
+    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
+
+
+def test_failing_command(tmp_path):
+    project_dir = tmp_path / 'project'
+    test_projects.new_c_project().generate(project_dir)
+
+    with pytest.raises(subprocess.CalledProcessError):
+        utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, add_env={
+            'CIBW_BEFORE_ALL': 'false',
+            'CIBW_BEFORE_ALL_WINDOWS': 'exit /b 1',
+        })
+
+
+def test_cwd(tmp_path):
+    project_dir = tmp_path / 'project'
+    test_projects.new_c_project().generate(project_dir)
+
+    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, add_env={
+        'CIBW_BEFORE_ALL': f'''python -c "import os; assert os.getcwd() == {str(project_dir)!r}"''',
+        'CIBW_BEFORE_ALL_LINUX': '''python -c "import os; assert os.getcwd() == '/project'"''',
+    })
+
     expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels('spam', '0.1.0')
     assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)

test/test_before_build.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import pytest
+import subprocess
 import textwrap
 
 from . import utils
@@ -32,14 +34,41 @@ def test(tmp_path):
     project_dir = tmp_path / 'project'
     project_with_before_build_asserts.generate(project_dir)
 
+    before_build = ('''python -c "import sys; open('{output_dir}pythonversion.txt', 'w').write(sys.version)" && '''
+                    '''python -c "import sys; open('{output_dir}pythonexecutable.txt', 'w').write(sys.executable)"''')
+
     # build the wheels
     actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, add_env={
         # write python version information to a temporary file, this is
         # checked in setup.py
-        'CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD': '''python -c "import sys; open('/tmp/pythonversion.txt', 'w').write(sys.version)" && python -c "import sys; open('/tmp/pythonexecutable.txt', 'w').write(sys.executable)"''',
-        'CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD_WINDOWS': '''python -c "import sys; open('c:\\pythonversion.txt', 'w').write(sys.version)" && python -c "import sys; open('c:\\pythonexecutable.txt', 'w').write(sys.executable)"''',
+        'CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD': before_build.format(output_dir='/tmp/'),
+        'CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD_WINDOWS': before_build.format(output_dir=r'c:\\'),
     })
 
     # also check that we got the right wheels
     expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels('spam', '0.1.0')
     assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
+
+
+def test_failing_command(tmp_path):
+    project_dir = tmp_path / 'project'
+    test_projects.new_c_project().generate(project_dir)
+
+    with pytest.raises(subprocess.CalledProcessError):
+        utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, add_env={
+            'CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD': 'false',
+            'CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD_WINDOWS': 'exit /b 1',
+        })
+
+
+def test_cwd(tmp_path):
+    project_dir = tmp_path / 'project'
+    test_projects.new_c_project().generate(project_dir)
+
+    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, add_env={
+        'CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD': f'''python -c "import os; assert os.getcwd() == {str(project_dir)!r}"''',
+        'CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD_LINUX': '''python -c "import os; assert os.getcwd() == '/project'"''',
+    })
+
+    expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels('spam', '0.1.0')
+    assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)

test/test_before_test.py

@@ -37,13 +37,15 @@ class TestBeforeTest(TestCase):
 def test(tmp_path):
     project_dir = tmp_path / 'project'
     before_test_project.generate(project_dir)
+    test_project_dir = project_dir / 'dependency'
+    test_projects.new_c_project().generate(test_project_dir)
 
     # build the wheels
     actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, add_env={
         # write python version information to a temporary file, this is
         # checked in setup.py
-        'CIBW_BEFORE_TEST': '''python -c "import sys; open('/tmp/pythonversion.txt', 'w').write(sys.version)" && python -c "import sys; open('/tmp/pythonprefix.txt', 'w').write(sys.prefix)"''',
-        'CIBW_BEFORE_TEST_WINDOWS': '''python -c "import sys; open('c:\\pythonversion.txt', 'w').write(sys.version)" && python -c "import sys; open('c:\\pythonprefix.txt', 'w').write(sys.prefix)"''',
+        'CIBW_BEFORE_TEST': '''python -c "import sys; open('/tmp/pythonversion.txt', 'w').write(sys.version)" && python -c "import sys; open('/tmp/pythonprefix.txt', 'w').write(sys.prefix)" && python -m pip install {project}/dependency''',
+        'CIBW_BEFORE_TEST_WINDOWS': '''python -c "import sys; open('c:\\pythonversion.txt', 'w').write(sys.version)" && python -c "import sys; open('c:\\pythonprefix.txt', 'w').write(sys.prefix)" && python -m pip install {project}/dependency''',
         'CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES': 'nose',
         # the 'false ||' bit is to ensure this command runs in a shell on
         # mac/linux.

test/test_dependency_versions.py

@@ -66,6 +66,9 @@ def test_pinned_versions(tmp_path, python_version):
     elif python_version == '3.6':
         constraint_filename = 'constraints-python36.txt'
         build_pattern = '[cp]p36-*'
+    elif python_version == '3.7':
+        constraint_filename = 'constraints-python37.txt'
+        build_pattern = '[cp]p37-*'
     else:
         constraint_filename = 'constraints.txt'
         build_pattern = '[cp]p38-*'

test/test_docker_images.py

@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ def test(tmp_path):
     actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, add_env={
         'CIBW_MANYLINUX_X86_64_IMAGE': 'dockcross/manylinux2010-x64',
         'CIBW_MANYLINUX_I686_IMAGE': 'dockcross/manylinux2010-x86',
-        'CIBW_SKIP': 'pp*',
+        'CIBW_SKIP': 'pp* cp39-*',
     })
 
     # also check that we got the right wheels built
     expected_wheels = [w for w in utils.expected_wheels('spam', '0.1.0')
-                       if '-pp' not in w]
+                       if '-pp' not in w and '-cp39-' not in w]
     assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)

test/test_environment.py

@@ -13,12 +13,15 @@ project_with_environment_asserts = test_projects.new_c_project(
         # explode if environment isn't correct, as set in CIBW_ENVIRONMENT
         CIBW_TEST_VAR = os.environ.get("CIBW_TEST_VAR")
         CIBW_TEST_VAR_2 = os.environ.get("CIBW_TEST_VAR_2")
+        CIBW_TEST_VAR_3 = os.environ.get("CIBW_TEST_VAR_3")
         PATH = os.environ.get("PATH")
 
         if CIBW_TEST_VAR != "a b c":
             raise Exception('CIBW_TEST_VAR should equal "a b c". It was "%s"' % CIBW_TEST_VAR)
         if CIBW_TEST_VAR_2 != "1":
             raise Exception('CIBW_TEST_VAR_2 should equal "1". It was "%s"' % CIBW_TEST_VAR_2)
+        if CIBW_TEST_VAR_3 != "test string 3":
+            raise Exception('CIBW_TEST_VAR_3 should equal "test string 3". It was "%s"' % CIBW_TEST_VAR_3)
         if "/opt/cibw_test_path" not in PATH:
             raise Exception('PATH should contain "/opt/cibw_test_path". It was "%s"' % PATH)
         if "$PATH" in PATH:

test/test_pep518.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import textwrap
 from . import test_projects
 from . import utils
+import os
 
 basic_project = test_projects.new_c_project(
     setup_py_add=textwrap.dedent(
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ basic_project.files[
 [build-system]
 requires = [
     "setuptools >= 42",
+    "setuptools_scm[toml]>=4.1.2",
     "wheel",
     "requests==2.22.0; python_version<'3.6'",
     "requests==2.23.0; python_version>='3.6'"
@@ -47,3 +49,10 @@ def test_pep518(tmp_path):
     # check that the expected wheels are produced
     expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels("spam", "0.1.0")
     assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
+
+    # These checks ensure an extra file is not created when using custom
+    # workaround; see https://github.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/issues/421
+    assert not (project_dir / "42").exists()
+    assert not (project_dir / "4.1.2").exists()
+
+    assert len(os.listdir(project_dir)) == len(basic_project.files)

test/test_projects/__main__.py

@@ -11,27 +11,34 @@ def main():
         prog="python -m test.test_projects",
         description='Generate a test project to check it out'
     )
+    parser.add_argument('--open', action='store_true', help='''
+        Open the generated project in a file explorer
+    ''')
     parser.add_argument('PROJECT', help='''
         Python path to a project object. E.g. test.test_0_basic.basic_project
     ''')
+    parser.add_argument('OUTPUT', nargs='?', help='''
+        Path to output dir. If no dir is passed, a tempdir will be generated.
+    ''')
     options = parser.parse_args()
 
     module, _, name = options.PROJECT.rpartition('.')
 
     project = getattr(importlib.import_module(module), name)
 
-    project_dir = Path(tempfile.mkdtemp())
+    project_dir = Path(options.OUTPUT or tempfile.mkdtemp())
     project.generate(project_dir)
 
     print('Project generated at', project_dir)
     print()
 
-    if sys.platform == 'darwin':
-        subprocess.check_call(['open', '--', project_dir])
-    elif sys.platform == 'linux2':
-        subprocess.check_call(['xdg-open', '--', project_dir])
-    elif sys.platform == 'win32':
-        subprocess.check_call(['explorer', project_dir])
+    if options.open:
+        if sys.platform == 'darwin':
+            subprocess.check_call(['open', '--', project_dir])
+        elif sys.platform == 'linux2':
+            subprocess.check_call(['xdg-open', '--', project_dir])
+        elif sys.platform == 'win32':
+            subprocess.check_call(['explorer', project_dir])
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':

test/test_pure_wheel.py

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import subprocess
+import pytest
+from test import test_projects
+from . import utils
+
+pure_python_project = test_projects.TestProject()
+pure_python_project.files['setup.py'] = '''
+from setuptools import Extension, setup
+
+setup(
+    name="spam",
+    py_modules=['spam'],
+    version="0.1.0",
+)
+'''
+
+pure_python_project.files['spam.py'] = '''
+def a_function():
+    pass
+'''
+
+
+def test(tmp_path, capfd):
+    # this test checks that if a pure wheel is generated, the build should
+    # fail.
+    project_dir = tmp_path / 'project'
+    pure_python_project.generate(project_dir)
+
+    with pytest.raises(subprocess.CalledProcessError):
+        actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir)
+        print('produced wheels:', actual_wheels)
+
+    captured = capfd.readouterr()
+    print('out', captured.out)
+    print('err', captured.err)
+    assert "Build failed because a pure Python wheel was generated" in captured.err

test/test_ssl.py

@@ -13,11 +13,10 @@ project_with_ssl_tests = test_projects.new_c_project(
         else:
             from urllib.request import urlopen
 
-        if sys.version_info[0:2] == (3, 3):
-            data = urlopen("https://www.nist.gov")
-        else:
-            context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2)
-            data = urlopen("https://www.nist.gov", context=context)
+        context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2)
+        data = urlopen("https://www.nist.gov", context=context)
+        data = urlopen("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/master/CI.md", context=context)
+        data = urlopen("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/master/CI.md")
     ''')
 )
 

test/test_testing.py

@@ -64,6 +64,10 @@ class TestSpam(TestCase):
         bits = struct.calcsize("P") * 8
         if bits == 32:
             self.assertEqual(platform.machine(), "i686")
+
+    def test_time_to_remove_the_pypy_venv_patch(self):
+        if sys.platform == "darwin":
+            assert not hasattr(sys, "pypy_version_info") or sys.pypy_version_info < (7,3,4)
 '''
 
 
@@ -103,15 +107,26 @@ def test_extras_require(tmp_path):
     assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)
 
 
+project_with_a_failing_test = test_projects.new_c_project()
+project_with_a_failing_test.files['test/spam_test.py'] = r'''
+from unittest import TestCase
+
+class TestSpam(TestCase):
+    def test_something(self):
+        self.fail('this test is supposed to fail')
+'''
+
+
 def test_failing_test(tmp_path):
     """Ensure a failing test causes cibuildwheel to error out and exit"""
     project_dir = tmp_path / 'project'
     output_dir = tmp_path / 'output'
-    project_with_a_test.generate(project_dir)
+    project_with_a_failing_test.generate(project_dir)
 
     with pytest.raises(subprocess.CalledProcessError):
         utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, output_dir=output_dir, add_env={
-            'CIBW_TEST_COMMAND': 'false',
+            'CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES': 'nose',
+            'CIBW_TEST_COMMAND': 'nosetests {project}/test',
             # manylinux1 has a version of bash that's been shown to have
             # problems with this, so let's check that.
             'CIBW_MANYLINUX_I686_IMAGE': 'manylinux1',

test/test_troubleshooting.py

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+import subprocess
+import pytest
+from .test_projects import TestProject
+from . import utils
+
+so_file_project = TestProject()
+
+so_file_project.files['libnothing.so'] = ''
+
+so_file_project.files['setup.py'] = '''
+raise Exception('this build will fail')
+'''
+
+
+def test_failed_project_with_so_files(tmp_path, capfd):
+    if utils.platform != 'linux':
+        pytest.skip('this test is only relevant to the linux build')
+
+    project_dir = tmp_path / 'project'
+    so_file_project.generate(project_dir)
+
+    with pytest.raises(subprocess.CalledProcessError):
+        utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir)
+
+    captured = capfd.readouterr()
+    print('out', captured.out)
+    print('err', captured.err)
+    assert "NOTE: Shared object (.so) files found in this project." in captured.err

test/utils.py

@@ -91,10 +91,10 @@ def expected_wheels(package_name, package_version, manylinux_versions=None,
         else:
             manylinux_versions = ['manylinux2014']
 
-    python_abi_tags = ['cp35-cp35m', 'cp36-cp36m', 'cp37-cp37m', 'cp38-cp38']
+    python_abi_tags = ['cp35-cp35m', 'cp36-cp36m', 'cp37-cp37m', 'cp38-cp38', 'cp39-cp39']
 
     if pm.machine() in ['x86_64', 'AMD64', 'x86']:
-        python_abi_tags += ['cp27-cp27m', 'pp27-pypy_73', 'pp36-pypy36_pp73']
+        python_abi_tags += ['cp27-cp27m', 'pp27-pypy_73', 'pp36-pypy36_pp73', 'pp37-pypy37_pp73']
 
         if platform == 'linux':
             python_abi_tags.append('cp27-cp27mu')  # python 2.7 has 2 different ABI on manylinux

unit_test/dependency_constraints_test.py

@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ def test_defaults():
     resources_dir = project_root / 'cibuildwheel' / 'resources'
 
     assert dependency_constraints.base_file_path.samefile(resources_dir / 'constraints.txt')
-    assert dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version('3.8').samefile(resources_dir / 'constraints.txt')
+    assert dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version('3.99').samefile(resources_dir / 'constraints.txt')
+    assert dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version('3.9').samefile(resources_dir / 'constraints-python39.txt')
     assert dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version('3.6').samefile(resources_dir / 'constraints-python36.txt')
     assert dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version('3.5').samefile(resources_dir / 'constraints-python35.txt')
     assert dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version('2.7').samefile(resources_dir / 'constraints-python27.txt')

unit_test/docker_container_test.py

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ from pathlib import Path, PurePath
 import pytest
 
 from cibuildwheel.docker_container import DockerContainer
+from cibuildwheel.environment import EnvironmentAssignment
 
 # for these tests we use manylinux2014 images, because they're available on
 # multi architectures and include python3.8
@@ -40,6 +41,13 @@ def test_environment():
         assert container.call(['sh', '-c', 'echo $TEST_VAR'], env={'TEST_VAR': '1'}, capture_output=True) == '1\n'
 
 
+@pytest.mark.docker
+def test_cwd():
+    with DockerContainer(DEFAULT_IMAGE, cwd='/cibuildwheel/working_directory') as container:
+        assert container.call(['pwd'], capture_output=True) == '/cibuildwheel/working_directory\n'
+        assert container.call(['pwd'], capture_output=True, cwd='/opt') == '/opt\n'
+
+
 @pytest.mark.docker
 def test_container_removed():
     with DockerContainer(DEFAULT_IMAGE) as container:
@@ -145,3 +153,10 @@ def test_dir_operations(tmp_path: Path):
         container.copy_out(dst_dir, new_test_dir)
 
         assert test_binary_data == (new_test_dir / 'test.dat').read_bytes()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.docker
+def test_environment_executor():
+    with DockerContainer(DEFAULT_IMAGE) as container:
+        assignment = EnvironmentAssignment("TEST=$(echo 42)")
+        assert assignment.evaluated_value({}, container.environment_executor) == "42"

unit_test/download_test.py

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import certifi
+import pytest
+import ssl
+
+from cibuildwheel.util import download
+
+
+DOWNLOAD_URL = 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/joerick/cibuildwheel/v1.6.3/requirements-dev.txt'
+
+
+def test_download(monkeypatch, tmp_path):
+    monkeypatch.delenv('SSL_CERT_FILE', raising=False)
+    dest = tmp_path / 'file.txt'
+    download(DOWNLOAD_URL, dest)
+    assert len(dest.read_bytes()) == 134
+
+
+def test_download_good_ssl_cert_file(monkeypatch, tmp_path):
+    monkeypatch.setenv('SSL_CERT_FILE', certifi.where())
+    dest = tmp_path / 'file.txt'
+    download(DOWNLOAD_URL, dest)
+    assert len(dest.read_bytes()) == 134
+
+
+def test_download_bad_ssl_cert_file(monkeypatch, tmp_path):
+    bad_cafile = tmp_path / 'ca.pem'
+    bad_cafile.write_text('bad certificates')
+    monkeypatch.setenv('SSL_CERT_FILE', str(bad_cafile))
+    dest = tmp_path / 'file.txt'
+    with pytest.raises(ssl.SSLError):
+        download(DOWNLOAD_URL, dest)

unit_test/environment_test.py

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ def test_inheritance():
 
 
 def test_shell_eval():
-    environment_recipe = parse_environment('VAR="$(echo "a test" string)"')
+    environment_recipe = parse_environment('VAR="$(echo "a   test" string)"')
 
     env_copy = os.environ.copy()
     env_copy.pop('VAR', None)
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ def test_shell_eval():
     )
     environment_cmds = environment_recipe.as_shell_commands()
 
-    assert environment_dict['VAR'] == 'a test string'
-    assert environment_cmds == ['export VAR="$(echo "a test" string)"']
+    assert environment_dict['VAR'] == 'a   test string'
+    assert environment_cmds == ['export VAR="$(echo "a   test" string)"']
 
 
 def test_shell_eval_and_env():

unit_test/main_tests/main_platform_test.py

@@ -11,7 +11,11 @@ def test_unknown_platform_non_ci(monkeypatch, capsys):
     monkeypatch.delenv('CI', raising=False)
     monkeypatch.delenv('BITRISE_BUILD_NUMBER', raising=False)
     monkeypatch.delenv('AZURE_HTTP_USER_AGENT', raising=False)
-    monkeypatch.delenv('GITHUB_WORKFLOW', raising=False)
+    monkeypatch.delenv('TRAVIS', raising=False)
+    monkeypatch.delenv('APPVEYOR', raising=False)
+    monkeypatch.delenv('GITHUB_ACTIONS', raising=False)
+    monkeypatch.delenv('GITLAB_CI', raising=False)
+    monkeypatch.delenv('CIRCLECI', raising=False)
     monkeypatch.delenv('CIBW_PLATFORM', raising=False)
 
     with pytest.raises(SystemExit) as exit: