Upgrade to macos-13 for the intel runners

PyPA is now on an enterprise plan.
Let's use the new macos-13-xlarge runner in order to test on macOS arm64.

.circleci/config.yml

@@ -1,43 +1,25 @@
-version: 2.1
+version: 2
-
-commands:
-  cibw_prepare_environment:
-    description: "Prepare the environment for testing."
-    steps:
-      - run:
-          name: Prepare the environment.
-          command: bash .circleci/prepare.sh
-  cibw_run_tests:
-    description: "Runs tests, with CIBW_ENABLE=all on the main branch"
-    steps:
-      - run:
-          name: Test
-          command: |
-            if [ "${CIRCLE_BRANCH}" == "main" ]; then
-              echo "INFO: Exporting CIBW_ENABLE=all for main branch test run."
-              export CIBW_ENABLE=all
-            else
-              echo "INFO: CIBW_ENABLE not set for this branch test run."
-            fi
-
-            venv/bin/python ./bin/run_tests.py
-          no_output_timeout: 30m
 
 jobs:
-  osx-python312:
+  osx-python3.9:
     macos:
-      xcode: 15.4.0
+      xcode: 12.5.1
-    resource_class: macos.m1.medium.gen1
     environment:
       PYTHON: python3
     steps:
       - checkout
-      - cibw_prepare_environment
-      - cibw_run_tests
 
-  linux-python312:
+      - run:
+          name: Prepare the environment.
+          command: bash .circleci/prepare.sh
+      - run:
+          name: Test.
+          command: venv/bin/python ./bin/run_tests.py
+          no_output_timeout: 30m
+
+  linux-python3.9:
     docker:
-      - image: cimg/python:3.12
+      - image: circleci/python:3.9
     environment:
       PYTHON: python3
       # Temporarily restrict the tests that are run on CircleCI to prevent
@@ -46,12 +28,18 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - checkout
       - setup_remote_docker
-      - cibw_prepare_environment
+
-      - cibw_run_tests
+      - run:
+          name: Prepare the environment.
+          command: bash .circleci/prepare.sh
+      - run:
+          name: Test.
+          command: venv/bin/python ./bin/run_tests.py
+          no_output_timeout: 30m
 
   linux-aarch64:
     machine:
-       image: default
+       image: ubuntu-2004:2022.04.1
     resource_class: arm.medium
     environment:
       PYTHON: python3
@@ -60,13 +48,19 @@ jobs:
       PYTEST_ADDOPTS: -k "unit_test or main_tests or test_0_basic or test_docker_images"
     steps:
       - checkout
-      - cibw_prepare_environment
+
-      - cibw_run_tests
+      - run:
+          name: Prepare the environment.
+          command: bash .circleci/prepare.sh
+      - run:
+          name: Test.
+          command: venv/bin/python ./bin/run_tests.py
+          no_output_timeout: 30m
 
 workflows:
   version: 2
   all-tests:
     jobs:
-      - osx-python312
+      - osx-python3.9
-      - linux-python312
+      - linux-python3.9
       - linux-aarch64

.circleci/prepare.sh

@@ -2,15 +2,9 @@
 set -o errexit
 set -o xtrace
 
-if [ "$(uname -s)" == "Darwin" ]; then
-  sudo softwareupdate --install-rosetta --agree-to-license
-else
-  docker run --rm --privileged docker.io/tonistiigi/binfmt:latest --install all
-fi
-
 $PYTHON --version
-$PYTHON -m venv venv
+$PYTHON -m pip --version
-venv/bin/python -m pip install -U pip
+$PYTHON -m virtualenv -p "$PYTHON" venv
-venv/bin/python -m pip install -e. --group test
+venv/bin/python -m pip install -e ".[dev]"
 venv/bin/python -m pip freeze
 venv/bin/python --version

.cirrus.yml

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-only_if: changesInclude('.cirrus.yml') || ($CIRRUS_BRANCH == "main" && !changesIncludeOnly('.github/*', 'bin/*', 'docs/*', '.circleci/*', '.travis.yml', '.pre-commit-config.yaml', '.readthedocs.yml', 'azure-pipelines.yml', 'README.md', 'mkdocs.yml', 'noxfile.py')) || $CIRRUS_BRANCH =~ 'cirrus.*'
+only_if: changesInclude('.cirrus.yml') || ($BRANCH == "main" && !changesIncludeOnly('docs/*', '.pre-commit-config.yaml'))
 
 run_tests: &RUN_TESTS
   install_cibuildwheel_script:
-    - python -m pip install -U pip
+    - python -m pip install -e ".[dev]" pytest-custom-exit-code
-    - python -m pip install -e. --group test
   run_cibuildwheel_tests_script:
     - python ./bin/run_tests.py
 
+
 linux_x86_task:
   timeout_in: 120m
   compute_engine_instance:
@@ -15,15 +15,9 @@ linux_x86_task:
     platform: linux
     cpu: 8
     memory: 8G
-  env:
+
-    VENV_ROOT: ${HOME}/venv-cibuildwheel
-    PATH: ${VENV_ROOT}/bin:${PATH}
   install_pre_requirements_script:
-    - docker run --rm --privileged docker.io/tonistiigi/binfmt:latest --install all
+    - apt install -y python3-venv python-is-python3
-    - add-apt-repository -y ppa:deadsnakes/ppa
-    - apt-get update
-    - apt-get install -y python3.12-venv
-    - python3.12 -m venv ${VENV_ROOT}
   <<: *RUN_TESTS
 
 linux_aarch64_task:
@@ -34,20 +28,14 @@ linux_aarch64_task:
     platform: linux
     cpu: 4
     memory: 4G
-  env:
+
-    VENV_ROOT: ${HOME}/venv-cibuildwheel
-    PATH: ${VENV_ROOT}/bin:${PATH}
   install_pre_requirements_script:
-    - docker run --rm --privileged docker.io/tonistiigi/binfmt:latest --install all
+    - apt install -y python3-venv python-is-python3
-    - add-apt-repository -y ppa:deadsnakes/ppa
-    - apt-get update
-    - apt-get install -y python3.12-venv
-    - python3.12 -m venv ${VENV_ROOT}
   <<: *RUN_TESTS
 
 windows_x86_task:
-  # The task takes ~55 minutes while the timeout happens after 60 minutes by default,
+  # The task takes ~55 minutes while the timeout happens
-  # let's allow some wiggle room.
+  # after 60 minutes by default, let's allow some wiggle room.
   timeout_in: 120m
   windows_container:
     image: cirrusci/windowsservercore:visualstudio2022
@@ -55,35 +43,32 @@ windows_x86_task:
     memory: 8G
 
   install_pre_requirements_script:
-    - certutil -generateSSTFromWU roots.sst
+    - choco install -y --no-progress python3 --version 3.10.6
-    - certutil -addstore -f root roots.sst
-    - del roots.sst
-    - choco install -y --no-progress python3 --version 3.12.4
     - refreshenv
-    - powershell -Command "$cleanPath = $env:PATH -replace ';+$', ''; Add-Content -Path $env:CIRRUS_ENV -Value ('PATH=' + $cleanPath)"
+    - echo PATH=%PATH% >> "%CIRRUS_ENV%"
   <<: *RUN_TESTS
 
 macos_arm64_task:
   macos_instance:
-    image: ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-runner:sequoia
+    image: ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-monterey-xcode
+
   env:
-    VENV_ROOT: ${HOME}/venv-cibuildwheel
+    PATH: /opt/homebrew/opt/python@3.10/bin:$PATH
-    PATH: ${VENV_ROOT}/bin:${PATH}
   install_pre_requirements_script:
-    - brew install python@3.12
+    - brew install python@3.10
-    - python3.12 -m venv ${VENV_ROOT}
+    - ln -s python3 /opt/homebrew/opt/python@3.10/bin/python
   <<: *RUN_TESTS
 
 macos_arm64_cp38_task:
   macos_instance:
-    image: ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-runner:sequoia
+    image: ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-monterey-xcode
+
   env:
-    VENV_ROOT: ${HOME}/venv-cibuildwheel
+    PATH: /opt/homebrew/opt/python@3.10/bin:$PATH
-    PATH: ${VENV_ROOT}/bin:${PATH}
+    PYTEST_ADDOPTS: --run-cp38-universal2 -k 'test_cp38_arm64_testing_universal2_installer or test_arch_auto'
-    PYTEST_ADDOPTS: --run-cp38-universal2 -k 'test_cp38_arm64_testing_universal2_installer or test_arch_auto or test_dummy_serial'
   install_pre_requirements_script:
-    - brew install python@3.12
+    - brew install python@3.10
-    - python3.12 -m venv ${VENV_ROOT}
+    - ln -s python3 /opt/homebrew/opt/python@3.10/bin/python
     - curl -fsSLO https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.10/python-3.8.10-macos11.pkg
     - sudo installer -pkg python-3.8.10-macos11.pkg -target /
     - rm python-3.8.10-macos11.pkg

.github/CODEOWNERS

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-# Specification files for platform maintainers
-cibuildwheel/platforms/ios.py         @freakboy3742
-cibuildwheel/platforms/pyodide.py     @hoodmane @ryanking13 @agriyakhetarpal
-cibuildwheel/platforms/android.py     @mhsmith
-
-# Constraints files
-cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-pyodide*.txt @hoodmane @ryanking13 @agriyakhetarpal

.github/matchers/pylint.json

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+{
+  "problemMatcher": [
+    {
+      "severity": "warning",
+      "pattern": [
+        {
+          "regexp": "^([^:]+):(\\d+):(\\d+): ([A-DF-Z]\\d+): \\033\\[[\\d;]+m([^\\033]+).*$",
+          "file": 1,
+          "line": 2,
+          "column": 3,
+          "code": 4,
+          "message": 5
+        }
+      ],
+      "owner": "pylint-warning"
+    },
+    {
+      "severity": "error",
+      "pattern": [
+        {
+          "regexp": "^([^:]+):(\\d+):(\\d+): (E\\d+): \\033\\[[\\d;]+m([^\\033]+).*$",
+          "file": 1,
+          "line": 2,
+          "column": 3,
+          "code": 4,
+          "message": 5
+        }
+      ],
+      "owner": "pylint-error"
+    }
+  ]
+}

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -11,32 +11,32 @@ jobs:
   dist:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
-    - uses: hynek/build-and-inspect-python-package@v2
+    - name: Build SDist and wheel
+      run: pipx run build
+
+    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+      with:
+        name: cibw-sdist
+        path: dist/*
+
+    - name: Check metadata
+      run: pipx run twine check dist/*
 
   publish:
     needs: [dist]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     if: github.event_name == 'release' && github.event.action == 'published'
-    environment:
+    environment: pypi
-      name: pypi
-      url: https://pypi.org/p/cibuildwheel
     permissions:
       id-token: write
-      attestations: write
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/download-artifact@v7
+    - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
       with:
-        name: Packages
+        pattern: cibw-*
         path: dist
-
+        merge-multiple: true
-    - name: Generate artifact attestation for sdist and wheel
-      uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@00014ed6ed5efc5b1ab7f7f34a39eb55d41aa4f8 # v3.1.0
-      with:
-        subject-path: "dist/cibuildwheel-*"
 
     - uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@release/v1
-      with:
-        attestations: true

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -4,27 +4,10 @@ on:
   push:
     branches:
       - main
-      - 2.x
   pull_request:
-    types:
-      - opened
-      - synchronize
-      - reopened
-      - labeled
     paths-ignore:
-      - .ci*
+      - 'docs/**'
-      - bin/*
-      - docs/**
-      - examples/azure-pipelines-*
-      - examples/ci*
-      - examples/travis-ci-*
       - .pre-commit-config.yaml
-      - .readthedocs.yml
-      - .travis.yml
-      - README.md
-      - azure-pipelines.yml
-      - mkdocs.yml
-      - noxfile.py
   workflow_dispatch:
     # allow manual runs on branches without a PR
 
@@ -34,140 +17,65 @@ concurrency:
 
 jobs:
   lint:
-    name: Linters (mypy, ruff, etc.)
+    name: Linters (mypy, flake8, etc.)
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
-      id: python
       with:
         python-version: "3.x"
-    - uses: j178/prek-action@v1
+    - uses: pre-commit/action@v3.0.0
+    - name: Check manifest
+      run: pipx run nox -s check_manifest
     - name: PyLint checks
-      run: pipx run --python "${{ steps.python.outputs.python-path }}" nox -s pylint -- --output-format=github
+      run: |
-
+        echo "::add-matcher::$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/.github/matchers/pylint.json"
-  sample:
+        pipx run nox -s pylint
-    name: Generate a sample project
-    needs: lint
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
-      name: Install Python
-      with:
-        python-version: "3.x"
-    - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
-    - name: Install dependencies
-      run: uv sync --no-dev --group test
-    - name: Generate a sample project
-      run: uv run --no-sync -m test.test_projects test.test_0_basic.basic_project sample_proj
-    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
-      with:
-        name: sample_proj
-        path: sample_proj
 
   test:
-    name: Test on ${{ matrix.os }} (${{ matrix.python_version }}) ${{ matrix.test_select }}
+    name: Test cibuildwheel on ${{ matrix.os }}
-    needs: sample
+    needs: lint
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
       matrix:
+        os: [ubuntu-20.04, windows-latest, macos-13, macos-14]
+        python_version: ['3.12']
         include:
-        # Min Python
+        - os: ubuntu-22.04
-        - os: ubuntu-latest
+          python_version: '3.8'
-          python_version: '3.11'
-        # Max Python
-        - os: ubuntu-latest
-          python_version: '3.14'
-        - os: ubuntu-latest
-          python_version: '3.13'
-          test_select: android
-        - os: ubuntu-24.04-arm
-          python_version: '3.13'
-        - os: windows-latest
-          python_version: '3.13'
-        - os: windows-11-arm
-          python_version: '3.13'
-        - os: macos-15-intel
-          python_version: '3.13'
-        - os: macos-15
-          python_version: '3.13'
-        - os: macos-15-intel
-          python_version: '3.13'
-          test_select: ios
-        - os: macos-15
-          python_version: '3.13'
-          test_select: ios
-          # Exercise iOS on a non-default simulator.
-          test_runtime: 'args: --simulator "iPhone 16e,OS=18.5"'
-        - os: macos-15-intel
-          python_version: '3.13'
-          test_select: android
-          # Exercise Android on a non-default simulator
-          test_runtime: 'args: --managed minVersion'
-        - os: macos-15
-          python_version: '3.13'
-          test_select: android
     timeout-minutes: 180
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
       name: Install Python ${{ matrix.python_version }}
       with:
         python-version: ${{ matrix.python_version }}
-        allow-prereleases: true
 
-    - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
+    # Install podman on this CI instance for podman tests on linux
-
+    # Snippet from: https://github.com/redhat-actions/podman-login/blob/main/.github/workflows/example.yml
-    - name: Free up disk space
+    - name: Install latest podman
-      if: runner.os == 'Linux' && matrix.test_select != 'android'
-      run: |
-        sudo rm -rf $ANDROID_HOME/ndk /opt/hostedtoolcache/CodeQL \
-          /usr/local/lib/node_modules /usr/local/share/chromium \
-          /usr/local/share/powershell
-        df -m
-
-    # for oci_container unit tests
-    - name: Set up QEMU
       if: runner.os == 'Linux'
-      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
-
-    - name: Set up Xcode
-      if: ${{ startsWith(matrix.os, 'macos-15') }}
       run: |
-        # GitHub recommends explicitly selecting the desired Xcode version
+        . /etc/os-release
-        sudo xcode-select --switch /Applications/Xcode_16.4.app
+        echo "deb https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:/kubic:/libcontainers:/stable/xUbuntu_${VERSION_ID}/ /" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/devel:kubic:libcontainers:stable.list
+        curl -sSfL "https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:/kubic:/libcontainers:/stable/xUbuntu_${VERSION_ID}/Release.key" | sudo apt-key add -
+        sudo apt-get update
+        sudo apt-get -y install podman
+
+    # free some space to prevent reaching GHA disk space limits
+    - name: Clean docker images
+      if: runner.os == 'Linux'
+      run: |
+        docker system prune -a -f
+        df -h
 
     - name: Install dependencies
-      run: uv sync --no-dev --group test
-
-    - uses: joerick/pr-labels-action@v1.0.9
-
-    - name: Set CIBW_ENABLE
-      shell: bash
       run: |
-        if [[ "${{ github.ref_name }}" == "main" ]]; then
+        python -m pip install ".[test]"
-          CIBW_ENABLE=all
-        else
-          # get the default CIBW_ENABLE value from the test module
-          CIBW_ENABLE=$(uv run --no-sync python -c 'import sys, test.utils as c; sys.stdout.write(c.DEFAULT_CIBW_ENABLE)')
 
-          # if this is a PR, check for labels
+    - name: Generate a sample project
-          if [[ -n "$GITHUB_PR_LABEL_CI_PYPY" ]]; then
+      run: |
-            CIBW_ENABLE+=" pypy"
+        python -m test.test_projects test.test_0_basic.basic_project sample_proj
-          fi
-          if [[ -n "$GITHUB_PR_LABEL_CI_GRAALPY" ]]; then
-            CIBW_ENABLE+=" graalpy"
-          fi
-        fi
-        echo "CIBW_ENABLE=${CIBW_ENABLE}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-
-    - name: Download a sample project
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
-      with:
-        name: sample_proj
-        path: sample_proj
 
     - name: Run a sample build (GitHub Action)
       uses: ./
@@ -176,174 +84,36 @@ jobs:
         output-dir: wheelhouse
       env:
         CIBW_ARCHS_MACOS: x86_64 universal2 arm64
-        CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND: ${{ matrix.test_select && 'build' || 'build[uv]' }}
-        CIBW_PLATFORM: ${{ matrix.test_select }}
-        CIBW_TEST_RUNTIME: ${{ matrix.test_runtime }}
 
-    - name: Run a sample build (GitHub Action, only)
+    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-      uses: ./
-      if: matrix.test_select == ''
-      with:
-        package-dir: sample_proj
-        output-dir: wheelhouse_only
-        only: cp313-${{ runner.os == 'Linux' && (runner.arch == 'ARM64' && 'manylinux_aarch64' || 'manylinux_x86_64') || (runner.os == 'Windows' && 'win_amd64' || 'macosx_x86_64') }}
-
-    - name: Create custom configuration file
-      shell: bash
-      run: |
-        cat > sample_proj/cibw.toml <<EOF
-        [tool.cibuildwheel]
-        # Only build on CPython 3.13 on native arch
-        archs = ["native"]
-        build = "cp313-*"
-        # Skip musllinux
-        skip = "*-musllinux*"
-        EOF
-
-    - name: Run a sample build (GitHub Action, config-file)
-      uses: ./
-      env:
-        CIBW_PLATFORM: ${{ matrix.test_select }}
-        CIBW_TEST_RUNTIME: ${{ matrix.test_runtime }}
-      with:
-        package-dir: sample_proj
-        output-dir: wheelhouse_config_file
-        config-file: sample_proj/cibw.toml
-
-    - name: Check Action artifacts
-      shell: bash
-      run: |
-        test $(find wheelhouse -name '*.whl' | wc -l) -ge 1
-        test $(find wheelhouse_config_file -name '*.whl' | wc -l) -eq 1
-
-    - name: Check Action artifacts (native build only)
-      if: matrix.test_select == ''
-      shell: bash
-      run: |
-        test $(find wheelhouse_only -name '*.whl' | wc -l) -eq 1
-
-    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
       with:
         name: cibw-wheels-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ strategy.job-index }}
         path: wheelhouse/*.whl
 
     - name: Test cibuildwheel
-      env:
-        CIBW_TEST_RUNTIME: ${{ matrix.test_runtime }}
-      run: uv run --no-sync bin/run_tests.py --test-select=${{ matrix.test_select || 'native' }} ${{ (runner.os == 'Linux' && runner.arch == 'X64') && '--run-podman' || '' }}
-
-  emulated-archs:
-    name: Get qemu emulated architectures
-    needs: lint
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    outputs:
-      archs: ${{ steps.archs.outputs.archs }}
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
-      with:
-        python-version: "3.x"
-    - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
-    - name: Install dependencies
-      run: uv sync --no-dev --group test
-    - name: Get qemu emulated architectures
-      id: archs
       run: |
-        OUTPUT=$(uv run --no-sync python -c "from json import dumps; from test.utils import EMULATED_ARCHS; print(dumps(EMULATED_ARCHS))")
+        python ./bin/run_tests.py --run-podman
-        echo "${OUTPUT}"
-        echo "archs=${OUTPUT}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
 
   test-emulated:
-    name: Test Linux ${{ matrix.arch }} using qemu
+    name: Test emulated cibuildwheel using qemu
-    needs: emulated-archs
+    needs: lint
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     timeout-minutes: 180
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        arch: ${{ fromJSON(needs.emulated-archs.outputs.archs) }}
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
       with:
         python-version: "3.x"
-    - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
     - name: Install dependencies
-      run: uv sync --no-dev --group test
+      run: |
+        python -m pip install ".[test]"
 
     - name: Set up QEMU
+      id: qemu
       uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+      with:
+        platforms: all
 
     - name: Run the emulation tests
-      run: uv run --no-sync pytest --run-emulation ${{ matrix.arch }} test/test_emulation.py
+      run: |
-
+        pytest --run-emulation test/test_emulation.py
-  test-pyodide:
-    name: Test pyodide
-    needs: sample
-    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
-    timeout-minutes: 180
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
-      name: Install Python 3.12
-      with:
-        python-version: '3.12'
-    - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
-
-    - name: Install dependencies
-      run: uv sync --no-dev --group test
-
-    - name: Download a sample project
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
-      with:
-        name: sample_proj
-        path: sample_proj
-
-    - name: Run a sample build (GitHub Action)
-      uses: ./
-      with:
-        package-dir: sample_proj
-        output-dir: wheelhouse
-      env:
-        CIBW_PLATFORM: pyodide
-
-    - name: Run tests with 'CIBW_PLATFORM' set to 'pyodide'
-      run: uv run --no-sync ./bin/run_tests.py
-      env:
-        CIBW_PLATFORM: pyodide
-
-  test-uv-extras:
-    name: Test uv extra on ${{ matrix.os }} ${{ matrix.test_select }}
-    needs: sample
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        include:
-        - os: ubuntu-latest
-          test_select: android
-        - os: windows-latest
-        - os: windows-11-arm
-        - os: macos-15-intel
-        - os: macos-15
-        - os: macos-15-intel
-          test_select: android
-        - os: macos-15
-          test_select: android
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-    - name: Download a sample project
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
-      with:
-        name: sample_proj
-        path: sample_proj
-    - name: Run a sample build (GitHub Action)
-      uses: ./
-      with:
-        extras: uv
-        package-dir: sample_proj
-        output-dir: wheelhouse
-      env:
-        CIBW_ARCHS_MACOS: x86_64 universal2 arm64
-        CIBW_BUILD: cp314-*
-        CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND: 'build[uv]'
-        CIBW_PLATFORM: ${{ matrix.test_select }}

.github/workflows/update-dependencies.yml

@@ -18,21 +18,13 @@ jobs:
   update-dependencies:
     name: Update dependencies
     if: github.repository_owner == 'pypa' || github.event_name != 'schedule'
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
-    # we use this step to grab a Github App auth token, so that PRs generated by this workflow
+    - uses: wntrblm/nox@2023.04.22
-    # run the GHA tests.
-    - uses: actions/create-github-app-token@v2
-      id: generate-token
-      if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' && github.repository == 'pypa/cibuildwheel'
       with:
-        app-id: ${{ secrets.CIBUILDWHEEL_BOT_APP_ID }}
+        python-versions: "3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, 3.11, 3.12"
-        private-key: ${{ secrets.CIBUILDWHEEL_BOT_APP_PRIVATE_KEY }}
-
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-
-    - uses: wntrblm/nox@2025.11.12
 
     - name: "Run update: dependencies"
       run: nox --force-color -s update_constraints
@@ -41,9 +33,18 @@ jobs:
     - name: "Run update: docs user projects"
       run: nox --force-color -s update_proj -- --auth=${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
 
+    # we use this step to grab a Github App auth token, so that PRs generated by this workflow
+    # run the GHA tests.
+    - uses: tibdex/github-app-token@v2
+      id: generate-token
+      if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' && github.repository == 'pypa/cibuildwheel'
+      with:
+        app_id: ${{ secrets.CIBUILDWHEEL_BOT_APP_ID }}
+        private_key: ${{ secrets.CIBUILDWHEEL_BOT_APP_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+
     - name: Create Pull Request
       if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' && github.repository == 'pypa/cibuildwheel'
-      uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@v8
+      uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@v5
       with:
         commit-message: Update dependencies
         title: '[Bot] Update dependencies'
@@ -52,10 +53,7 @@ jobs:
 
           PR generated by "Update dependencies" [workflow](https://github.com/${{github.repository}}/actions/runs/${{github.run_id}}).
         branch: update-dependencies-pr
-        sign-commits: true
+        committer: "cibuildwheel-bot[bot] <83877280+cibuildwheel-bot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>"
+        author: "cibuildwheel-bot[bot] <83877280+cibuildwheel-bot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>"
         token: ${{ steps.generate-token.outputs.token }}
         delete-branch: true
-        labels: |
-          CI: GraalPy
-          CI: PyPy
-          dependencies

.github/workflows/update-major-minor-tag.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
     permissions:
       contents: write
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Update the ${{ env.TAG_NAME }} tag
         id: update-major-minor-tag

.gitignore

@@ -84,7 +84,9 @@ celerybeat-schedule
 
 # virtualenv
 .venv
-venv*/
+venv/
+venv3/
+venv2/
 ENV/
 env/
 env2/
@@ -110,5 +112,8 @@ all_known_setup.yaml
 # mkdocs
 site/
 
+# Virtual environments
+venv*
+
 # PyCharm
 .idea/

.gitlab-ci.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 linux:
-  image: python:3.12
+  image: python:3.8
   services:
     - name: docker:dind
       entrypoint: ["env", "-u", "DOCKER_HOST"]
@@ -13,15 +13,9 @@ linux:
     # skip all but the basic tests
     # (comment the below line in a PR to debug a Gitlab-specific issue)
     PYTEST_ADDOPTS: -k "unit_test or test_0_basic" --suppress-no-test-exit-code
-  rules:
-    - if: '$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"'
-      variables:
-        CIBW_ENABLE: "all"
   script:
     - curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh
-    - docker run --rm --privileged docker.io/tonistiigi/binfmt:latest --install all
+    - python -m pip install -e ".[dev]" pytest-custom-exit-code
-    - python -m pip install -U pip
-    - python -m pip install -e. pytest-custom-exit-code --group test
     - python ./bin/run_tests.py
 
 windows:
@@ -29,29 +23,9 @@ windows:
   variables:
     PYTEST_ADDOPTS: -k "unit_test or test_0_basic" --suppress-no-test-exit-code
   before_script:
-    - choco install python -y --allow-downgrade --version 3.12.4
+    - choco install python -y --version 3.8.6
-  rules:
-    - if: '$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"'
-      variables:
-        CIBW_ENABLE: "all"
   script:
-    - py -m pip install -U pip
+    - py -m pip install -e ".[dev]" pytest-custom-exit-code
-    - py -m pip install -e. pytest-custom-exit-code --group test
     - py bin\run_tests.py
   tags:
-    - saas-windows-medium-amd64
+    - windows
-
-macos:
-  image: macos-14-xcode-15
-  variables:
-    PYTEST_ADDOPTS: -k "unit_test or test_0_basic" --suppress-no-test-exit-code
-  rules:
-    - if: '$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"'
-      variables:
-        CIBW_ENABLE: "all"
-  script:
-    - python3 -m pip install -U pip
-    - python3 -m pip install -e. pytest-custom-exit-code --group test
-    - python3 ./bin/run_tests.py
-  tags:
-    - saas-macos-medium-m1

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 repos:
 
 - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
-  rev: v6.0.0
+  rev: v4.5.0
   hooks:
   - id: check-case-conflict
   - id: check-merge-conflict
@@ -14,47 +14,47 @@ repos:
   - id: trailing-whitespace
 
 - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
-  rev: v0.14.14
+  rev: v0.1.14
   hooks:
-  - id: ruff-check
+  - id: ruff
     args: ["--fix", "--show-fixes"]
   - id: ruff-format
 
+- repo: https://github.com/asottile/setup-cfg-fmt
+  rev: v2.5.0
+  hooks:
+  - id: setup-cfg-fmt
+    args: [--include-version-classifiers, --min-py-version=3.8, --max-py-version=3.12]
+
 - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy
-  rev: v1.19.1
+  rev: v1.8.0
   hooks:
   - id: mypy
-    name: mypy 3.11 on cibuildwheel/
+    name: mypy 3.8 on cibuildwheel/
-    args: ["--python-version=3.11"]
+    exclude: ^cibuildwheel/resources/.*py|bin/generate_schema.py$
-    exclude: ^cibuildwheel/resources/_cross_venv.py$  # Requires Python 3.13 or later
+    args: ["--python-version=3.8"]
     additional_dependencies: &mypy-dependencies
       - bracex
-      - build
+      - nox
-      - dependency-groups>=1.2
-      - humanize
-      - nox>=2025.2.9
-      - orjson
       - packaging
-      - pyelftools
       - pygithub
-      - pytest
       - rich
+      - tomli
       - tomli_w
       - types-certifi
       - types-click
       - types-jinja2
       - types-pyyaml
       - types-requests
-      - types-setuptools
-      - uv
       - validate-pyproject
   - id: mypy
-    name: mypy 3.14
+    name: mypy 3.12
-    args: ["--python-version=3.14"]
+    exclude: ^cibuildwheel/resources/.*py$
+    args: ["--python-version=3.12"]
     additional_dependencies: *mypy-dependencies
 
 - repo: https://github.com/shellcheck-py/shellcheck-py
-  rev: v0.11.0.1
+  rev: v0.9.0.6
   hooks:
   - id: shellcheck
 
@@ -64,33 +64,31 @@ repos:
     name: Disallow improper capitalization
     language: pygrep
     entry: PyBind|Numpy|Cmake|Github|PyTest
-    types: [markdown]
+    types:
+    - markdown
     exclude: ^docs/working-examples\.md$  # Autogenerated
-  - id: cog
+  - id: update-readme-changelog
-    name: Cog the README
+    name: Update README changelog
     language: python
-    pass_filenames: false
+    entry: bin/update_readme_changelog.py
-    entry: cog -c -P -r -I ./bin README.md
+    files: ^docs/changelog.md$
-    files: '^(README\.md|docs/changelog\.md|docs/options\.md|bin/readme.*)$'
-    additional_dependencies: [cogapp>=3.5]
 
 - repo: https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell
-  rev: v2.4.1
+  rev: v2.2.6
   hooks:
   - id: codespell
-    args: ["-w"]
+    args: ["-L", "sur", "-w"]
     exclude: ^docs/working-examples\.md$  # Autogenerated
 
 
 - repo: https://github.com/python-jsonschema/check-jsonschema
-  rev: 0.36.1
+  rev: 0.27.0
   hooks:
     - id: check-dependabot
     - id: check-github-actions
     - id: check-github-workflows
     - id: check-gitlab-ci
-    # Disabled due to schema issue for now:
+    - id: check-readthedocs
-    # - id: check-readthedocs
     - id: check-travis
     - id: check-jsonschema
       name: Check projects

.readthedocs.yml

@@ -3,9 +3,16 @@
 version: 2
 
 build:
-  os: ubuntu-24.04
+  os: ubuntu-22.04
-  commands:
+  tools:
-    - asdf plugin add uv
+    python: "3.11"
-    - asdf install uv latest
+
-    - asdf global uv latest
+python:
-    - NO_COLOR=1 uv run --python 3.14 --managed-python --no-dev --group docs mkdocs build --strict --site-dir $READTHEDOCS_OUTPUT/html
+  install:
+    - method: pip
+      path: .
+      extra_requirements:
+        - docs
+
+mkdocs:
+  configuration: mkdocs.yml

.travis.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+os: linux
+dist: focal
+language: python
+
+branches:
+  only:
+  - main
+
+jobs:
+  include:
+    - name: Linux | x86_64 + i686 | Python 3.9
+      python: 3.9
+      services: docker
+      env: PYTHON=python
+
+    - name: Linux | arm64 | Python 3.9
+      python: 3.9
+      services: docker
+      arch: arm64-graviton2
+      group: edge
+      virt: vm
+      env: PYTHON=python
+
+    - name: Linux | ppc64le | Python 3.9
+      python: 3.9
+      services: docker
+      arch: ppc64le
+      allow_failure: True
+      env:
+        - PYTHON=python
+        # skip test_manylinuxXXXX_only, it uses too much disk space
+        # c.f. https://travis-ci.community/t/running-out-of-disk-space-quota-when-using-docker-on-ppc64le/11634
+        - PYTEST_ADDOPTS='-k "not test_manylinuxXXXX_only"'
+
+    - name: Windows | x86_64 | Python 3.9
+      os: windows
+      language: shell
+      before_install:
+        - choco upgrade python3 -y --version 3.9.13 --limit-output --params "/InstallDir:C:\\Python39"
+      env:
+        - PYTHON=C:\\Python39\\python
+
+    - name: Linux | s390x | Python 3.9
+      python: 3.9
+      services: docker
+      arch: s390x
+      env: PYTHON=python
+
+install:
+- $PYTHON -m pip install -U pip
+- $PYTHON -m pip install -e ".[dev]" pytest-custom-exit-code
+
+script: |
+  # travis_wait disable the output while waiting
+  # use the same kind of tricks as in multibuild
+  (while true; do echo "travis_keep_alive"; sleep 300; done) &
+  SPINNER_PID=$!
+  disown
+  $PYTHON ./bin/run_tests.py
+  kill -9 ${SPINNER_PID}

CI.md

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 This is a summary of the host Python versions and platforms covered by the different CI platforms:
 
-|         | 3.11                             | 3.12                            | 3.13           | 3.14           |
+|         | 3.8                                                    | 3.9                   | 3.10      | 3.12           |
-|---------|----------------------------------|---------------------------------|----------------|----------------|
+|---------|--------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|-----------|----------------|
-| Linux   | Azure Pipelines / GitHub Actions | CircleCI¹ / Cirrus CI / GitLab¹ | GitHub Actions | GitHub Actions |
+| Linux   | AppVeyor¹ / Azure Pipelines / GitLab¹ / GitHub Actions | CircleCI¹ / Travis CI | Cirrus CI | GitHub Actions |
-| macOS   | Azure Pipelines                  | CircleCI¹ / Cirrus CI / GitLab¹ | GitHub Actions |                |
+| macOS   | AppVeyor¹ / Azure Pipelines                            | CircleCI¹ / Travis CI | Cirrus CI | GitHub Actions |
-| Windows | Azure Pipelines                  | Cirrus CI / GitLab¹             | GitHub Actions |                |
+| Windows | AppVeyor¹ / Azure Pipelines / GitLab¹                  | Travis CI             | Cirrus CI | GitHub Actions |
 
 > ¹ Runs a reduced set of tests to reduce CI load
+
+Non-x86 architectures are covered on Travis CI using Python 3.9.

LICENSE

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 This project is licensed under the 'BSD 2-clause license'.
 
-Copyright (c) 2017-2025, Joe Rickerby and contributors. All rights reserved.
+Copyright (c) 2017-2023, Joe Rickerby and contributors. All rights reserved.
 
 Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

MANIFEST.in

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+recursive-include cibuildwheel *.cfg
+recursive-include cibuildwheel *.in
+recursive-include cibuildwheel *.py
+recursive-include cibuildwheel *.toml
+recursive-include cibuildwheel *.txt
+recursive-include cibuildwheel *.typed

README.md

@@ -2,72 +2,67 @@ cibuildwheel
 ============
 
 [![PyPI](https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/cibuildwheel.svg)](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/cibuildwheel)
-[![Documentation Status](https://readthedocs.org/projects/cibuildwheel/badge/?version=stable)](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/?badge=stable)
+[![Documentation Status](https://readthedocs.org/projects/cibuildwheel/badge/?version=stable)](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/?badge=stable)
 [![Actions Status](https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/workflows/Test/badge.svg)](https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/actions)
+[![Travis Status](https://img.shields.io/travis/com/pypa/cibuildwheel/main?logo=travis)](https://travis-ci.com/pypa/cibuildwheel)
+[![Appveyor status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/gt3vwl88yt0y3hur/branch/main?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/joerick/cibuildwheel/branch/main)
 [![CircleCI Status](https://img.shields.io/circleci/build/gh/pypa/cibuildwheel/main?logo=circleci)](https://circleci.com/gh/pypa/cibuildwheel)
 [![Azure Status](https://dev.azure.com/joerick0429/cibuildwheel/_apis/build/status/pypa.cibuildwheel?branchName=main)](https://dev.azure.com/joerick0429/cibuildwheel/_build/latest?definitionId=4&branchName=main)
 
 
-[Documentation](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io)
+[Documentation](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.org)
 
 <!--intro-start-->
 
 Python wheels are great. Building them across **Mac, Linux, Windows**, on **multiple versions of Python**, is not.
 
-`cibuildwheel` is here to help. `cibuildwheel` runs on your CI server - currently it supports GitHub Actions, Azure Pipelines, CircleCI, and GitLab CI - and it builds and tests your wheels across all of your platforms.
+`cibuildwheel` is here to help. `cibuildwheel` runs on your CI server - currently it supports GitHub Actions, Azure Pipelines, Travis CI, AppVeyor, CircleCI, and GitLab CI - and it builds and tests your wheels across all of your platforms.
 
 
 What does it do?
 ----------------
 
-While cibuildwheel itself requires a recent Python version to run (we support the last three releases), it can target the following versions to build wheels:
+|   | macOS Intel | macOS Apple Silicon | Windows 64bit | Windows 32bit | Windows Arm64 | manylinux<br/>musllinux x86_64 | manylinux<br/>musllinux i686 | manylinux<br/>musllinux aarch64 | manylinux<br/>musllinux ppc64le | manylinux<br/>musllinux s390x |
+|----------------|----|-----|-----|-----|-----|----|-----|----|-----|-----|
+| CPython 3.6    | ✅ | N/A | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | ✅  | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  |
+| CPython 3.7    | ✅ | N/A | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  |
+| CPython 3.8    | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  |
+| CPython 3.9    | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  |
+| CPython 3.10   | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  |
+| CPython 3.11   | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  |
+| CPython 3.12  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  |
+| PyPy 3.7 v7.3  | ✅ | N/A | ✅  | N/A | N/A | ✅¹ | ✅¹  | ✅¹ | N/A | N/A |
+| PyPy 3.8 v7.3  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | N/A | ✅¹ | ✅¹  | ✅¹ | N/A | N/A |
+| PyPy 3.9 v7.3  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | N/A | ✅¹ | ✅¹  | ✅¹ | N/A | N/A |
+| PyPy 3.10 v7.3 | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | N/A | ✅¹ | ✅¹  | ✅¹ | N/A | N/A |
 
-|                    | macOS Intel | macOS Apple Silicon | Windows 64bit | Windows 32bit | Windows Arm64 | manylinux<br/>musllinux x86_64 | manylinux<br/>musllinux i686 | manylinux<br/>musllinux aarch64 | manylinux<br/>musllinux ppc64le | manylinux<br/>musllinux s390x | manylinux<br/>musllinux armv7l | Android | iOS | Pyodide |
+<sup>¹ PyPy is only supported for manylinux wheels.</sup><br>
-|--------------------|----|-----|----|-----|-----|----|-----|----|-----|-----|---|-----|-----|-----|
-| CPython 3.8        | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅⁵ | N/A | N/A | N/A |
-| CPython 3.9        | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅⁵ | N/A | N/A | N/A |
-| CPython 3.10       | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅⁵ | N/A | N/A | N/A |
-| CPython 3.11       | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅⁵ | N/A | N/A | N/A |
-| CPython 3.12       | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅⁵ | N/A | N/A | ✅⁴ |
-| CPython 3.13³      | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅⁵ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅⁴ |
-| CPython 3.14       | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅  | ✅² | ✅ | ✅  | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | ✅⁵ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A |
-| PyPy 3.8 v7.3      | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | N/A | ✅¹ | ✅¹  | ✅¹ | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
-| PyPy 3.9 v7.3      | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | N/A | ✅¹ | ✅¹  | ✅¹ | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
-| PyPy 3.10 v7.3     | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | N/A | ✅¹ | ✅¹  | ✅¹ | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
-| PyPy 3.11 v7.3     | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | N/A | ✅¹ | ✅¹  | ✅¹ | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
-| GraalPy 3.11 v24.2 | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | N/A | ✅¹ | N/A  | ✅¹ | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
-| GraalPy 3.12 v25.0 | ✅ | ✅  | ✅  | N/A | N/A | ✅¹ | N/A  | ✅¹ | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
-
-<sup>¹ PyPy & GraalPy are only supported for manylinux wheels.</sup><br>
 <sup>² Windows arm64 support is experimental.</sup><br>
-<sup>³ Free-threaded mode requires opt-in on 3.13 using [`enable`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable).</sup><br>
-<sup>⁴ Experimental, not yet supported on PyPI, but can be used directly in web deployment. Use `--platform pyodide` to build.</sup><br>
-<sup>⁵ manylinux armv7l support is experimental. As there are no RHEL based image for this architecture, it's using an Ubuntu based image instead.</sup><br>
 
-- Builds manylinux, musllinux, macOS, and Windows wheels for CPython, PyPy, and GraalPy
+- Builds manylinux, musllinux, macOS 10.9+, and Windows wheels for CPython and PyPy
-- Works on GitHub Actions, Azure Pipelines, CircleCI, GitLab CI, and Cirrus CI
+- Works on GitHub Actions, Azure Pipelines, Travis CI, AppVeyor, CircleCI, GitLab CI, and Cirrus CI
 - Bundles shared library dependencies on Linux and macOS through [auditwheel](https://github.com/pypa/auditwheel) and [delocate](https://github.com/matthew-brett/delocate)
 - Runs your library's tests against the wheel-installed version of your library
 
-See the [cibuildwheel 1 documentation](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/1.x/) if you need to build unsupported versions of Python, such as Python 2.
+See the [cibuildwheel 1 documentation](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/1.x/) if you need to build unsupported versions of Python, such as Python 2.
 
 Usage
 -----
 
 `cibuildwheel` runs inside a CI service. Supported platforms depend on which service you're using:
 
-|                 | Linux | macOS | Windows | Linux ARM | macOS ARM | Windows ARM | Android | iOS |
+|                 | Linux | macOS | Windows | Linux ARM | macOS ARM | Windows ARM |
-|-----------------|-------|-------|---------|-----------|-----------|-------------|---------|-----|
+|-----------------|-------|-------|---------|-----------|-----------|-------------|
-| GitHub Actions  | ✅    | ✅    | ✅       | ✅        | ✅        | ✅²         | ✅⁴      | ✅³  |
+| GitHub Actions  | ✅    | ✅    | ✅       | ✅¹       | ✅        | ✅²         |
-| Azure Pipelines | ✅    | ✅    | ✅       |           | ✅        | ✅²         | ✅⁴      | ✅³  |
+| Azure Pipelines | ✅    | ✅    | ✅       |           | ✅        | ✅²         |
-| CircleCI        | ✅    | ✅    |         | ✅        | ✅        |             | ✅⁴      | ✅³  |
+| Travis CI       | ✅    |       | ✅      | ✅        |           |             |
-| Gitlab CI       | ✅    | ✅    | ✅      | ✅¹       | ✅        |             | ✅⁴      | ✅³  |
+| AppVeyor        | ✅    | ✅    | ✅      |           | ✅        | ✅²         |
-| Cirrus CI       | ✅    | ✅    | ✅      | ✅        | ✅        |             | ✅⁴      |      |
+| CircleCI        | ✅    | ✅    |         | ✅        | ✅        |             |
+| Gitlab CI       | ✅    |       | ✅      | ✅¹       |           |             |
+| Cirrus CI       | ✅    | ✅    | ✅      | ✅        | ✅        |             |
 
-<sup>¹ [Requires emulation](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/faq/#emulation), distributed separately. Other services may also support Linux ARM through emulation or third-party build hosts, but these are not tested in our CI.</sup><br>
+<sup>¹ [Requires emulation](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/faq/#emulation), distributed separately. Other services may also support Linux ARM through emulation or third-party build hosts, but these are not tested in our CI.</sup><br>
-<sup>² [Uses cross-compilation](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/faq/#windows-arm64). It is not possible to test `arm64` on this CI platform.</sup><br>
+<sup>² [Uses cross-compilation](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/faq/#windows-arm64). It is not possible to test `arm64` on this CI platform.</sup>
-<sup>³ Requires a macOS runner; runs tests on the simulator for the runner's architecture. </sup><br>
-<sup>⁴ Building for Android requires the runner to be Linux x86_64, macOS ARM64 or macOS x86_64. Testing has [additional requirements](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/platforms/#android).</sup><br>
 
 <!--intro-end-->
 
@@ -76,7 +71,6 @@ Example setup
 
 To build manylinux, musllinux, macOS, and Windows wheels on GitHub Actions, you could use this `.github/workflows/wheels.yml`:
 
-<!--generic-github-start-->
 ```yaml
 name: Build
 
@@ -88,32 +82,30 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        os: [ubuntu-latest, ubuntu-24.04-arm, windows-latest, windows-11-arm, macos-15-intel, macos-latest]
+        os: [ubuntu-latest, windows-latest, macOS-12, macOS-14]
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       # Used to host cibuildwheel
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v3
 
       - name: Install cibuildwheel
-        run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==3.3.1
+        run: python -m pip install cibuildwheel==2.16.5
 
       - name: Build wheels
         run: python -m cibuildwheel --output-dir wheelhouse
         # to supply options, put them in 'env', like:
         # env:
         #   CIBW_SOME_OPTION: value
-        #   ...
 
       - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: cibw-wheels-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ strategy.job-index }}
           path: ./wheelhouse/*.whl
 ```
-<!--generic-github-end-->
 
-For more information, including PyPI deployment, and the use of other CI services or the dedicated GitHub Action, check out the [documentation](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io) and the [examples](https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/tree/main/examples).
+For more information, including PyPI deployment, and the use of other CI services or the dedicated GitHub Action, check out the [documentation](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.org) and the [examples](https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/tree/main/examples).
 
 How it works
 ------------
@@ -122,50 +114,35 @@ The following diagram summarises the steps that cibuildwheel takes on each platf
 
 ![](docs/data/how-it-works.png)
 
-<sup>Explore an interactive version of this diagram [in the docs](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/#how-it-works).</sup>
+<sup>Explore an interactive version of this diagram [in the docs](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/#how-it-works).</sup>
 
-
+Options
-<!--[[[cog from readme_options_table import get_table; print(get_table()) ]]]-->
+-------
-
-<!-- This table is auto-generated from docs/options.md by bin/readme_options_table.py -->
 
 |   | Option | Description |
-|---|---|---|
+|---|--------|-------------|
-| **Build selection** | [`platform`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#platform) | Override the auto-detected target platform |
+| **Build selection** | [`CIBW_PLATFORM`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#platform)  | Override the auto-detected target platform |
-|  | [`build`<br>`skip`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#build-skip) | Choose the Python versions to build |
+|   | [`CIBW_BUILD`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#build-skip)  <br> [`CIBW_SKIP`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#build-skip)  | Choose the Python versions to build |
-|  | [`archs`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#archs) | Change the architectures built on your machine by default. |
+|   | [`CIBW_ARCHS`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#archs)  | Change the architectures built on your machine by default. |
-|  | [`project-requires-python`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#requires-python) | Manually set the Python compatibility of your project |
+|   | [`CIBW_PROJECT_REQUIRES_PYTHON`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#requires-python)  | Manually set the Python compatibility of your project |
-|  | [`enable`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#enable) | Enable building with extra categories of selectors present. |
+|   | [`CIBW_PRERELEASE_PYTHONS`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#prerelease-pythons)  | Enable building with pre-release versions of Python if available |
-|  | [`allow-empty`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#allow-empty) | Suppress the error code if no wheels match the specified build identifiers |
+| **Build customization** | [`CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#build-frontend)  | Set the tool to use to build, either "pip" (default for now) or "build" |
-| **Build customization** | [`build-frontend`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#build-frontend) | Set the tool to use to build, either "build" (default), "build\[uv\]", or "pip" |
+|   | [`CIBW_ENVIRONMENT`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#environment)  | Set environment variables needed during the build |
-|  | [`config-settings`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#config-settings) | Specify config-settings for the build backend. |
+|   | [`CIBW_ENVIRONMENT_PASS_LINUX`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#environment-pass)  | Set environment variables on the host to pass-through to the container during the build. |
-|  | [`environment`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#environment) | Set environment variables |
+|   | [`CIBW_BEFORE_ALL`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#before-all)  | Execute a shell command on the build system before any wheels are built. |
-|  | [`environment-pass`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#environment-pass) | Set environment variables on the host to pass-through to the container. |
+|   | [`CIBW_BEFORE_BUILD`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#before-build)  | Execute a shell command preparing each wheel's build |
-|  | [`before-all`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#before-all) | Execute a shell command on the build system before any wheels are built. |
+|   | [`CIBW_REPAIR_WHEEL_COMMAND`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#repair-wheel-command)  | Execute a shell command to repair each built wheel |
-|  | [`before-build`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#before-build) | Execute a shell command preparing each wheel's build |
+|   | [`CIBW_MANYLINUX_*_IMAGE`<br/>`CIBW_MUSLLINUX_*_IMAGE`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#linux-image)  | Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux Docker images |
-|  | [`xbuild-tools`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#xbuild-tools) | Binaries on the path that should be included in an isolated cross-build environment. |
+|   | [`CIBW_CONTAINER_ENGINE`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#container-engine)  | Specify which container engine to use when building Linux wheels |
-|  | [`repair-wheel-command`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#repair-wheel-command) | Execute a shell command to repair each built wheel |
+|   | [`CIBW_DEPENDENCY_VERSIONS`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#dependency-versions)  | Specify how cibuildwheel controls the versions of the tools it uses |
-|  | [`manylinux-*-image`<br>`musllinux-*-image`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#linux-image) | Specify manylinux / musllinux container images |
+| **Testing** | [`CIBW_TEST_COMMAND`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#test-command)  | Execute a shell command to test each built wheel |
-|  | [`container-engine`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#container-engine) | Specify the container engine to use when building Linux wheels |
+|   | [`CIBW_BEFORE_TEST`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#before-test)  | Execute a shell command before testing each wheel |
-|  | [`dependency-versions`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#dependency-versions) | Control the versions of the tools cibuildwheel uses |
+|   | [`CIBW_TEST_REQUIRES`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#test-requires)  | Install Python dependencies before running the tests |
-|  | [`pyodide-version`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#pyodide-version) | Specify the Pyodide version to use for `pyodide` platform builds |
+|   | [`CIBW_TEST_EXTRAS`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#test-extras)  | Install your wheel for testing using extras_require |
-| **Testing** | [`test-command`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#test-command) | The command to test each built wheel |
+|   | [`CIBW_TEST_SKIP`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#test-skip)  | Skip running tests on some builds |
-|  | [`before-test`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#before-test) | Execute a shell command before testing each wheel |
+| **Other** | [`CIBW_BUILD_VERBOSITY`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#build-verbosity)  | Increase/decrease the output of pip wheel |
-|  | [`test-sources`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#test-sources) | Paths that are copied into the working directory of the tests |
-|  | [`test-requires`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#test-requires) | Install Python dependencies before running the tests |
-|  | [`test-extras`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#test-extras) | Install your wheel for testing using `extras_require` |
-|  | [`test-groups`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#test-groups) | Specify test dependencies from your project's `dependency-groups` |
-|  | [`test-skip`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#test-skip) | Skip running tests on some builds |
-|  | [`test-environment`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#test-environment) | Set environment variables for the test environment |
-|  | [`test-runtime`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#test-runtime) | Controls how the tests will be executed. |
-| **Debugging** | [`debug-keep-container`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#debug-keep-container) | Keep the container after running for debugging. |
-|  | [`debug-traceback`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#debug-traceback) | Print full traceback when errors occur. |
-|  | [`build-verbosity`](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#build-verbosity) | Increase/decrease the output of the build |
 
-
+These options can be specified in a pyproject.toml file, as well; see [configuration](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#configuration).
-<!--[[[end]]] (sum: dbfwOkj/k/) -->
-
-These options can be specified in a pyproject.toml file, or as environment variables, see [configuration docs](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/latest/configuration/).
 
 Working examples
 ----------------
@@ -179,27 +156,28 @@ Here are some repos that use cibuildwheel.
 | Name                              | CI | OS | Notes |
 |-----------------------------------|----|----|:------|
 | [scikit-learn][]                  | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The machine learning library. A complex but clean config using many of cibuildwheel's features to build a large project with Cython and C++ extensions.  |
-| [duckdb][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | DuckDB is an analytical in-process SQL database management system |
 | [pytorch-fairseq][]               | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Facebook AI Research Sequence-to-Sequence Toolkit written in Python. |
 | [NumPy][]                         | ![github icon][] ![travisci icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The fundamental package for scientific computing with Python. |
-| [NCNN][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | ncnn is a high-performance neural network inference framework optimized for the mobile platform |
 | [Tornado][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![linux icon][] ![apple icon][] ![windows icon][] | Tornado is a Python web framework and asynchronous networking library. Uses stable ABI for a small C extension. |
 | [Matplotlib][]                    | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | The venerable Matplotlib, a Python library with C++ portions |
-| [MyPy][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | The compiled version of MyPy using MyPyC. |
+| [NCNN][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | ncnn is a high-performance neural network inference framework optimized for the mobile platform |
 | [Prophet][]                       | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Tool for producing high quality forecasts for time series data that has multiple seasonality with linear or non-linear growth. |
+| [MyPy][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | The compiled version of MyPy using MyPyC. |
 | [Kivy][]                          | ![github icon][] | ![windows icon][] ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] | Open source UI framework written in Python, running on Windows, Linux, macOS, Android and iOS |
+| [duckdb][]                        | ![github icon][] | ![apple icon][] ![linux icon][] ![windows icon][] | DuckDB is an in-process SQL OLAP Database Management System |
 
 [scikit-learn]: https://github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn
-[duckdb]: https://github.com/duckdb/duckdb
+[pytorch-fairseq]: https://github.com/pytorch/fairseq
-[pytorch-fairseq]: https://github.com/facebookresearch/fairseq
 [NumPy]: https://github.com/numpy/numpy
-[NCNN]: https://github.com/Tencent/ncnn
 [Tornado]: https://github.com/tornadoweb/tornado
 [Matplotlib]: https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib
-[MyPy]: https://github.com/mypyc/mypy_mypyc-wheels
+[NCNN]: https://github.com/Tencent/ncnn
 [Prophet]: https://github.com/facebook/prophet
+[MyPy]: https://github.com/mypyc/mypy_mypyc-wheels
 [Kivy]: https://github.com/kivy/kivy
+[duckdb]: https://github.com/duckdb/duckdb
 
+[appveyor icon]: docs/data/readme_icons/appveyor.svg
 [github icon]: docs/data/readme_icons/github.svg
 [azurepipelines icon]: docs/data/readme_icons/azurepipelines.svg
 [circleci icon]: docs/data/readme_icons/circleci.svg
@@ -212,7 +190,7 @@ Here are some repos that use cibuildwheel.
 
 <!-- END bin/projects.py -->
 
-> ℹ️ That's just a handful, there are many more! Check out the [Working Examples](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/working-examples) page in the docs.
+> ℹ️ That's just a handful, there are many more! Check out the [Working Examples](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/working-examples) page in the docs.
 
 Legal note
 ----------
@@ -226,102 +204,75 @@ This is similar to static linking, so it might have some license implications. C
 Changelog
 =========
 
-<!-- [[[cog from readme_changelog import mini_changelog; print(mini_changelog()) ]]] -->
+<!-- START bin/update_readme_changelog.py -->
 
-### v3.3.1
+<!-- this section was generated by bin/update_readme_changelog.py -- do not edit manually -->
 
-_5 January 2026_
+### v2.16.5
 
-- 🛠 Update dependencies and container pins, including updating to CPython 3.14.2. (#2708)
+_30 January 2024_
 
-### v3.3.0
+- 🐛 Fix an incompatibility with the GitHub Action and new GitHub Runner images for Windows that bundle Powershell 7.3+ (#1741)
+- 🛠 Preliminary support for new `macos-14` arm64 runners (#1743)
 
-_12 November 2025_
+### v2.16.4
 
-- 🐛 Fix an incompatibility with Docker v29 (#2660)
+_28 January 2024_
-- ✨ Adds `test-runtime` option, to customise how tests on simulated/emulated environments are run (#2636)
-- ✨ Adds support for new `manylinux_2_35` images on 32-bit ARM `armv7l`, offering better C++20 compatibility (#2656)
-- ✨ `build[uv]` is now supported on Android (#2587)
-- ✨ You can now install extras (such as `uv`) with a simple option on the GitHub Action (#2630)
-- ✨ `{project}` and `{package}` placeholders are now supported in `repair-wheel-command` (#2589)
-- 🛠 The versions set with `dependency-versions` no longer constrain packages specified by your `build-system.requires`. Previously, on platforms other than Linux, the constraints in this option would remain in the environment during the build. This has been tidied up make behaviour more consistent between platforms, and to prevent version conflicts. (#2583)
-- 🛠 Improve the handling of `test-command` on Android, enabling more options to be passed (#2590)
-- 📚 Docs improvements (#2618)
 
-### v3.2.1
+- 🛠 Update manylinux pins to upgrade from a problematic PyPy version. (#1737)
 
-_12 October 2025_
+### v2.16.3
 
-- 🛠 Update to CPython 3.14.0 final (#2614)
+_26 January 2024_
-- 🐛 Fix the default MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET on Python 3.14 (#2613)
-- 📚 Docs improvements (#2617)
 
-### v3.2.0
+- 🐛 Fix a bug when building from sdist, where relative paths to files in the package didn't work because the working directory was wrong (#1687)
+- 🛠 Adds the ability to disable mounting the host filesystem in containers to `/host`, through the `disable_host_mount` suboption on [`CIBW_CONTAINER_ENGINE`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#container-engine).
+- 📚 A lot of docs improvements! (#1708, #1705, #1686, #1679, #1667, #1665)
 
-_22 September 2025_
+### v2.16.2
 
-- ✨ Adds GraalPy v25 (Python 3.12) support (#2597)
+_3 October 2023_
-- 🛠 Update to CPython 3.14.0rc3 (#2602)
-- 🛠 Adds CPython 3.14.0 prerelease support for Android, and a number of improvements to Android builds (#2568, #2591)
-- 🛠 Improvements to testing on Android, passing environment markers when installing the venv, and providing more debug output when build-verbosity is set (#2575)
-- ⚠️ PyPy 3.10 was moved to `pypy-eol` in the `enable` option, as it is now end-of-life. (#2521)
-- 📚 Docs improvements (#2574, #2601, #2598)
 
-### v3.1.4
+- 🛠 Updates CPython 3.12 version to 3.12.0, final release (#1635)
+- ✨ Adds a debug option [`CIBW_DEBUG_KEEP_CONTAINER`](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/options/#cibw_debug_keep_container) to stop cibuildwheel deleting build containers after the build finishes. (#1620)
+- 📚 Adds support for `[tool.cibuildwheel]` checking by adding a schema compatible with the [validate-pyproject](https://github.com/abravalheri/validate-pyproject/) tool (#1622, #1628, #1629)
+- 🐛 Fix parsing of `CIBW_CONTAINER_ENGINE` and `CIBW_BUILD_FRONTEND` options to not break arguments on `:` characters (#1621)
+- 🐛 Fix the evaluation order of `CIBW_ENVIRONMENT` and `CIBW_ENVIRONMENT_PASS` so that `CIBW_ENVIRONMENT` assignments can reference environment variables passed through from the host machine. (#1617)
+- 🛠 Supports manylinux images' deferred installation of interpreters through the `manylinux-interpreters` tool (#1630)
 
-_19 August 2025_
+### v2.16.1
 
-- ✨ Add a `--clean-cache` command to clean up our cache (#2489)
+_26 September 2023_
-- 🛠 Update Python to 3.14rc2 and other patch version bumps (#2542, #2556)
-- 🛠 Update Pyodide to 0.28.2 (#2562, #2558)
-- 🐛 Fix resolution with `pyodide-build` when `dependency-versions` is set (#2548)
-- 🐛 Set `CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PACKAGE` to `BOTH` on Android (#2547)
-- 🐛 Add `patchelf` dependency for platforms that can build Android wheels (#2552)
-- 🐛 Ignore empty values for `CIBW_ARCHS` like most other environment variables (#2541)
-- 💼 The `color` and `suggest_on_error` argparse options are now default in 3.14rc1+ (#2554)
-- 💼 Use the virtualenv release URL instead of blob URL (should be more robust) (#2555)
-- 🧪 For iOS, lowering to macos-14 is needed for now due to issues with GitHub's runner images (#2557)
-- 🧪 Split out platforms iOS and Android in our tests (#2519)
-- 🧪 Fix and enable doctests (#2546)
-- 📚 Improve our docs on free-threading (#2549)
 
-<!-- [[[end]]] (sum: PDe+dJWkRl) -->
+- 🛠 Updates the prerelease CPython 3.12 version to 3.12.0rc3 (#1625)
+- 🛠 Only calls `linux32` in containers when necessary (#1599)
+
+<!-- END bin/update_readme_changelog.py -->
 
 ---
 
 That's the last few versions.
 
-ℹ️ **Want more changelog? Head over to [the changelog page in the docs](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/changelog/).**
+ℹ️ **Want more changelog? Head over to [the changelog page in the docs](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/stable/changelog/).**
 
 ---
 
 Contributing
 ============
 
-For more info on how to contribute to cibuildwheel, see the [docs](https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/latest/contributing/).
+For more info on how to contribute to cibuildwheel, see the [docs](https://cibuildwheel.readthedocs.io/en/latest/contributing/).
 
 Everyone interacting with the cibuildwheel project via codebase, issue tracker, chat rooms, or otherwise is expected to follow the [PSF Code of Conduct](https://github.com/pypa/.github/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md).
 
 Maintainers
 -----------
 
-Core:
-
 - Joe Rickerby [@joerick](https://github.com/joerick)
 - Yannick Jadoul [@YannickJadoul](https://github.com/YannickJadoul)
 - Matthieu Darbois [@mayeut](https://github.com/mayeut)
 - Henry Schreiner [@henryiii](https://github.com/henryiii)
 - Grzegorz Bokota [@Czaki](https://github.com/Czaki)
 
-Platform maintainers:
-
-- Russell Keith-Magee [@freakboy3742](https://github.com/freakboy3742) (iOS)
-- Agriya Khetarpal [@agriyakhetarpal](https://github.com/agriyakhetarpal) (Pyodide)
-- Hood Chatham [@hoodmane](https://github.com/hoodmane) (Pyodide)
-- Gyeongjae Choi [@ryanking13](https://github.com/ryanking13) (Pyodide)
-- Tim Felgentreff [@timfel](https://github.com/timfel) (GraalPy)
-- Malcolm Smith [@mhsmith](https://github.com/mhsmith) (Android)
-
 Credits
 -------
 
@@ -344,4 +295,4 @@ See also
 
 Another very similar tool to consider is [matthew-brett/multibuild](http://github.com/matthew-brett/multibuild). `multibuild` is a shell script toolbox for building a wheel on various platforms. It is used as a basis to build some of the big data science tools, like SciPy.
 
-If you are building Rust wheels, you can get by without some of the tricks required to make GLIBC work via manylinux; this is especially relevant for cross-compiling, which is easy with Rust. See [maturin-action](https://github.com/PyO3/maturin-action) for a tool that is optimized for building Rust wheels and cross-compiling.
+If you are building Rust wheels, you can get by without some of the tricks required to make GLIBC work via manylinux; this is especially relevant for cross-compiling, which is easy with Rust. See [maturin-action](https://github.com/messense/maturin-action) for a tool that is optimized for building Rust wheels and cross-compiling.

action.yml

@@ -17,10 +17,6 @@ inputs:
     description: 'Build a specific wheel only. No need for arch/platform if this is set'
     required: false
     default: ''
-  extras:
-    description: 'Comma-separated list of extras to install'
-    required: false
-    default: ''
 branding:
   icon: package
   color: yellow
@@ -28,90 +24,45 @@ branding:
 runs:
   using: composite
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
+    # Set up a non-EOL, cibuildwheel & pipx supported Python version
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
       id: python
       with:
-        python-version: "3.11 - 3.14"
+        python-version: "3.8 - 3.12"
         update-environment: false
 
-    - id: cibw
+    # macos-14 (M1) may be missing pipx (due to it not having CPython)
-      run: |
+    - run: |
-        # Install cibuildwheel
+        "${{ steps.python.outputs.python-path }}" -m pip install pipx
-        "${{ steps.python.outputs.python-path }}" -u << "EOF"
-        import os
-        import shutil
-        import sys
-        import venv
-
-        from pathlib import Path
-        from subprocess import run
-
-        EXTRAS = set(e.strip() for e in "${{ inputs.extras }}".split(",") if e.strip())
-
-
-        class EnvBuilder(venv.EnvBuilder):
-            def __init__(self):
-                super().__init__()
-
-            def setup_scripts(self, context):
-                pass
-
-            def post_setup(self, context):
-                super().post_setup(context)
-                self.bin_path = Path(context.env_exe).parent
-                install_spec = r"${{ github.action_path }}"
-                if EXTRAS:
-                    install_spec += f"[{','.join(sorted(EXTRAS))}]"
-                run([sys.executable, "-m", "pip", "--python", context.env_exe, "install", install_spec], check=True)
-
-
-        print("::group::Install cibuildwheel")
-        venv_path = Path(r"${{ runner.temp }}") / "cibw"
-        if venv_path.exists():
-            shutil.rmtree(venv_path)
-        builder = EnvBuilder()
-        builder.create(venv_path)
-        exposed_binaries = {"cibuildwheel"}
-        if "uv" in EXTRAS:
-            exposed_binaries.add("uv")
-        clean_bin_path = builder.bin_path.parent / f"{builder.bin_path.name}.clean"
-        clean_bin_path.mkdir()
-        for path in list(builder.bin_path.iterdir()):
-            if path.stem in exposed_binaries:
-                try:
-                    os.symlink(path, clean_bin_path / path.name)
-                except OSError:
-                    import shutil
-
-                    shutil.copy2(path, clean_bin_path / path.name)
-        full_path = f"{clean_bin_path}{os.pathsep}{os.environ['PATH']}"
-        with open(os.environ["GITHUB_OUTPUT"], "at") as f:
-            f.write(f"updated-path={full_path}\n")
-        print("::endgroup::")
-        EOF
       shell: bash
 
     # Redirecting stderr to stdout to fix interleaving issue in Actions.
     - run: >
+        "${{ steps.python.outputs.python-path }}" -m pipx run
+        --spec '${{ github.action_path }}'
         cibuildwheel
         "${{ inputs.package-dir }}"
-        ${{ inputs.output-dir != ''  && format('--output-dir "{0}"', inputs.output-dir) || ''}}
+        --output-dir "${{ inputs.output-dir }}"
-        ${{ inputs.config-file != '' && format('--config-file "{0}"', inputs.config-file) || ''}}
+        --config-file "${{ inputs.config-file }}"
-        ${{ inputs.only != ''        && format('--only "{0}"', inputs.only) || ''}}
+        --only "${{ inputs.only }}"
         2>&1
-      env:
-        PATH: "${{ steps.cibw.outputs.updated-path }}"
       shell: bash
       if: runner.os != 'Windows'
 
     # Windows needs powershell to interact nicely with Meson
+    # $PSNativeCommandArgumentPassing was introduced in pwsh 7.3 and the
+    # legacy behaviour is needed for backwards compatibility with how this
+    # was called in the past.
     - run: >
+        if ($PSNativeCommandArgumentPassing) {
+            $PSNativeCommandArgumentPassing = 'Legacy'
+        };
+        & "${{ steps.python.outputs.python-path }}" -m pipx run
+        --spec "${{ github.action_path }}"
         cibuildwheel
         "${{ inputs.package-dir }}"
-        ${{ inputs.output-dir != ''  && format('--output-dir "{0}"', inputs.output-dir) || ''}}
+        --output-dir '"${{ inputs.output-dir }}"'
-        ${{ inputs.config-file != '' && format('--config-file "{0}"', inputs.config-file) || ''}}
+        --config-file '"${{ inputs.config-file }}"'
-        ${{ inputs.only != ''        && format('--only "{0}"', inputs.only) || ''}}
+        --only '"${{ inputs.only }}"'
-      env:
-        PATH: "${{ steps.cibw.outputs.updated-path }}"
       shell: pwsh
       if: runner.os == 'Windows'

appveyor.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+environment:
+  matrix:
+    - APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Ubuntu
+      APPVEYOR_JOB_NAME: "python38-x64-ubuntu"
+    - APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2015
+      APPVEYOR_JOB_NAME: "python38-x64-vs2015"
+    - APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: macos
+      APPVEYOR_JOB_NAME: "python38-x64-macos"
+
+stack: python 3.8
+
+build: off
+
+init:
+- cmd: set PATH=C:\Python38;C:\Python38\Scripts;%PATH%
+- ps: |
+      $BRANCH = if ($env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_HEAD_REPO_BRANCH) { $env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_HEAD_REPO_BRANCH } else { $env:APPVEYOR_REPO_BRANCH }
+      if (-not ($BRANCH -eq 'main' -or $BRANCH.ToLower().StartsWith('appveyor-'))) {
+        $env:PYTEST_ADDOPTS='-k "unit_test or test_0_basic" --suppress-no-test-exit-code'
+      }
+      python -m pip install -U pip
+
+install: python -m pip install -e ".[dev]" pytest-custom-exit-code
+
+# the '-u' flag is required so the output is in the correct order.
+# See https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/pull/24 for more info.
+test_script: python -u ./bin/run_tests.py
+
+branches:
+  only:
+    - main
+
+skip_commits:
+  files:
+    - docs/*

azure-pipelines.yml

@@ -1,76 +1,38 @@
 pr:
   paths:
     exclude:
-      - .github/**
+      - docs/*
-      - bin/*
-      - docs/**
-      - examples/github-*
-      - examples/ci*
-      - examples/travis-ci-*
-      - .ci*
       - .pre-commit-config.yaml
-      - .readthedocs.yml
-      - .travis.yml
-      - README.md
-      - mkdocs.yml
-      - noxfile.py
 
 jobs:
-- job: tests
+- job: linux_38
-  strategy:
+  timeoutInMinutes: 120
-    matrix:
+  pool: {vmImage: 'Ubuntu-20.04'}
-      linux_311:
-        imageName: "ubuntu-latest"
-        pythonVersion: "3.11"
-        testSelect: "native"
-      android_311:
-        imageName: "ubuntu-latest"
-        pythonVersion: "3.11"
-        testSelect: "android"
-      macos_311:
-        imageName: "macos-latest"
-        pythonVersion: "3.11"
-        testSelect: "native"
-      ios_311:
-        imageName: "macos-14"  # See https://github.com/actions/runner-images/issues/12777
-        pythonVersion: "3.11"
-        testSelect: "ios"
-      android_macos_311:
-        imageName: "macos-latest"
-        pythonVersion: "3.11"
-        testSelect: "android"
-      windows_311:
-        imageName: "windows-latest"
-        pythonVersion: "3.11"
-        testSelect: "native"
-  timeoutInMinutes: 180
-  pool:
-    vmImage: $(imageName)
-
   steps:
     - task: UsePythonVersion@0
       inputs:
-        versionSpec: $(pythonVersion)
+        versionSpec: '3.8'
-
-    - task: JavaToolInstaller@0
-      condition: and(eq(variables['testSelect'], 'android'), eq(variables['Agent.OS'], 'Linux'))
-      inputs:
-        versionSpec: '17'
-        jdkArchitectureOption: 'x64'
-        jdkSourceOption: 'PreInstalled'
-
-    - bash: docker run --rm --privileged docker.io/tonistiigi/binfmt:latest --install all
-      condition: and(eq(variables['imageName'], 'ubuntu-latest'), eq(variables['testSelect'], 'native'))
-      displayName: 'Install binfmt on Linux'
-
-    - bash: python -m pip install -U pip && python -m pip install -e. --group test
-      displayName: 'Update pip and install cibuildwheel --group test'
-
-    - bash: echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=CIBW_ENABLE;]all"
-      condition: eq(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/main')
-      displayName: Set CIBW_ENABLE to all (main branch)
-
     - bash: |
-        echo "CIBW_ENABLE = $CIBW_ENABLE"
+        python -m pip install -e ".[dev]"
-        python ./bin/run_tests.py --test-select $(testSelect)
+        python ./bin/run_tests.py
-      displayName: 'Run tests'
+
+- job: macos_38
+  pool: {vmImage: 'macOS-11'}
+  steps:
+    - task: UsePythonVersion@0
+      inputs:
+        versionSpec: '3.8'
+    - bash: |
+        python -m pip install -e ".[dev]"
+        python ./bin/run_tests.py
+
+- job: windows_38
+  pool: {vmImage: 'windows-2019'}
+  timeoutInMinutes: 180
+  steps:
+    - task: UsePythonVersion@0
+      inputs:
+        versionSpec: '3.8'
+    - bash: |
+        python -m pip install -e ".[dev]"
+        python ./bin/run_tests.py

bin/bump_version.py

@@ -1,29 +1,30 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 
-# /// script
-# dependencies = ["click", "packaging", "prek"]
-# ///
 
+from __future__ import annotations
 
+import glob
 import os
 import subprocess
 import sys
-import tomllib
 import urllib.parse
 from pathlib import Path
 
 import click
 from packaging.version import InvalidVersion, Version
 
+import cibuildwheel
+
 config = [
     # file path, version find/replace format
-    ("pyproject.toml", 'version = "{}"'),
     ("README.md", "cibuildwheel=={}"),
     ("cibuildwheel/__init__.py", '__version__ = "{}"'),
     ("docs/faq.md", "cibuildwheel=={}"),
     ("docs/faq.md", "cibuildwheel@v{}"),
+    ("docs/setup.md", "cibuildwheel=={}"),
     ("examples/*", "cibuildwheel=={}"),
     ("examples/*", "cibuildwheel@v{}"),
+    ("setup.cfg", "version = {}"),
 ]
 
 RED = "\u001b[31m"
@@ -33,8 +34,7 @@ OFF = "\u001b[0m"
 
 @click.command()
 def bump_version() -> None:
-    with open("pyproject.toml", "rb") as f:
+    current_version = cibuildwheel.__version__
-        current_version = tomllib.load(f)["project"]["version"]
 
     try:
         commit_date_str = subprocess.run(
@@ -68,8 +68,8 @@ def bump_version() -> None:
         sys.exit(1)
 
     # fmt: off
-    print(              "Current version:", current_version)
+    print(              'Current version:', current_version)
-    new_version = input("    New version: ").strip()
+    new_version = input('    New version: ').strip()
     # fmt: on
 
     try:
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ def bump_version() -> None:
     actions = []
 
     for path_pattern, version_pattern in config:
-        paths = list(Path().glob(path_pattern))
+        paths = [Path(p) for p in glob.glob(path_pattern)]
 
         if not paths:
             print(f"error: Pattern {path_pattern} didn't match any files")
@@ -129,8 +129,8 @@ def bump_version() -> None:
         contents = contents.replace(find, replace)
         path.write_text(contents, encoding="utf8")
 
-    print("Files updated. If you want to update docs/changelog.md as part of")
+    print("Files updated. If you want to update the changelog as part of this")
-    print("this commit, do that now.")
+    print("commit, do that now.")
     print()
 
     while input('Type "done" to continue: ').strip().lower() != "done":
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ def bump_version() -> None:
     # run pre-commit to update the README changelog
     subprocess.run(
         [
-            "prek",
+            "pre-commit",
             "run",
             "--files=docs/changelog.md",
         ],
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ def bump_version() -> None:
     # run pre-commit to check that no errors occurred on the second run
     subprocess.run(
         [
-            "prek",
+            "pre-commit",
             "run",
             "--files=docs/changelog.md",
         ],
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ def bump_version() -> None:
     print()
 
     print("Push the new version to GitHub with:")
-    print(f"    git push && git push origin v{new_version}")
+    print("    git push && git push --tags")
     print()
 
     release_url = "https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/releases/new?" + urllib.parse.urlencode(

bin/dev_run_test

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+CIBW_PLATFORM=linux pytest "$@"

bin/generate_pyodide_constraints.py

@@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-
-import sys
-import textwrap
-from pathlib import Path
-
-import click
-
-from cibuildwheel.extra import get_pyodide_xbuildenv_info
-
-
-@click.command()
-@click.argument(
-    "pyodide-version",
-    type=str,
-)
-@click.option(
-    "--output-file",
-    type=click.Path(),
-    default=None,
-    help="Output file to write the constraints to. If not provided, the constraints will be printed to stdout.",
-)
-def generate_pyodide_constraints(pyodide_version: str, output_file: str | None = None) -> None:
-    """
-    Generate constraints for a specific Pyodide version. The constraints are
-    generated based on the Pyodide version's xbuildenv info, which is retrieved
-    from the Pyodide repository.
-
-    These constraints should then be 'pinned' using `uv pip compile`.
-
-    Example usage:
-
-        bin/generate_pyodide_constraints.py 0.27.0
-    """
-    xbuildenv_info = get_pyodide_xbuildenv_info()
-    try:
-        pyodide_version_xbuildenv_info = xbuildenv_info["releases"][pyodide_version]
-    except KeyError as e:
-        msg = f"Pyodide version {pyodide_version} not found in xbuildenv info. Versions available: {', '.join(xbuildenv_info['releases'].keys())}"
-        raise click.BadParameter(msg) from e
-
-    pyodide_build_min_version = pyodide_version_xbuildenv_info.get("min_pyodide_build_version")
-    pyodide_build_max_version = pyodide_version_xbuildenv_info.get("max_pyodide_build_version")
-
-    pyodide_build_specifier_parts: list[str] = []
-
-    if pyodide_build_min_version:
-        pyodide_build_specifier_parts.append(f">={pyodide_build_min_version}")
-    if pyodide_build_max_version:
-        pyodide_build_specifier_parts.append(f"<={pyodide_build_max_version}")
-
-    pyodide_build_specifier = ",".join(pyodide_build_specifier_parts)
-
-    constraints_txt = textwrap.dedent(f"""
-        pip
-        build[virtualenv]
-        pyodide-build{pyodide_build_specifier}
-        click<8.2
-    """)
-
-    if output_file is None:
-        print(constraints_txt)
-    else:
-        Path(output_file).write_text(constraints_txt)
-        print(f"Constraints written to {output_file}", file=sys.stderr)
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    generate_pyodide_constraints()

bin/generate_schema.py

@@ -1,8 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env -S uv run -q
+#!/usr/bin/env python
-
-# /// script
-# dependencies = ["pyyaml"]
-# ///
 
 import argparse
 import copy
@@ -11,30 +7,13 @@ from typing import Any
 
 import yaml
 
-parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(allow_abbrev=False)
+parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
 parser.add_argument("--schemastore", action="store_true", help="Generate schema_store version")
 args = parser.parse_args()
 
 starter = """
-$schema: http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#
 $id: https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/blob/main/cibuildwheel/resources/cibuildwheel.schema.json
-$defs:
+$schema: http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema
-  inherit:
-    enum:
-      - none
-      - prepend
-      - append
-    default: none
-    description: How to inherit the parent's value.
-  enable:
-    enum:
-      - cpython-freethreading
-      - cpython-prerelease
-      - graalpy
-      - pyodide-prerelease
-      - pypy
-      - pypy-eol
-  description: A Python version or flavor to enable.
 additionalProperties: false
 description: cibuildwheel's settings.
 type: object
@@ -57,21 +36,19 @@ properties:
     type: string_array
   build-frontend:
     default: default
-    description: Set the tool to use to build, either "build" (default), "build[uv]", or "pip"
+    description: Set the tool to use to build, either "pip" (default for now) or "build"
     oneOf:
-      - enum: [pip, build, "build[uv]", default]
+      - enum: [pip, build, default]
       - type: string
         pattern: '^pip; ?args:'
       - type: string
         pattern: '^build; ?args:'
-      - type: string
-        pattern: '^build\\[uv\\]; ?args:'
       - type: object
         additionalProperties: false
         required: [name]
         properties:
           name:
-            enum: [pip, build, "build[uv]"]
+            enum: [pip, build]
           args:
             type: array
             items:
@@ -107,31 +84,7 @@ properties:
   dependency-versions:
     default: pinned
     description: Specify how cibuildwheel controls the versions of the tools it uses
-    oneOf:
+    type: string
-      - enum: [pinned, latest]
-      - type: string
-        description: Path to a file containing dependency versions, or inline package specifications, starting with "packages:"
-        not:
-          enum: [pinned, latest]
-      - type: object
-        additionalProperties: false
-        properties:
-          file:
-            type: string
-      - type: object
-        additionalProperties: false
-        properties:
-          packages:
-            type: array
-            items:
-              type: string
-  enable:
-    description: Enable or disable certain builds.
-    oneOf:
-      - $ref: "#/$defs/enable"
-      - type: array
-        items:
-          $ref: "#/$defs/enable"
   environment:
     description: Set environment variables needed during the build.
     type: string_table
@@ -142,9 +95,6 @@ properties:
   manylinux-aarch64-image:
     type: string
     description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
-  manylinux-armv7l-image:
-    type: string
-    description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
   manylinux-i686-image:
     type: string
     description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
@@ -160,9 +110,6 @@ properties:
   manylinux-pypy_x86_64-image:
     type: string
     description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
-  manylinux-riscv64-image:
-    type: string
-    description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
   manylinux-s390x-image:
     type: string
     description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
@@ -172,33 +119,21 @@ properties:
   musllinux-aarch64-image:
     type: string
     description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
-  musllinux-armv7l-image:
-    type: string
-    description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
   musllinux-i686-image:
     type: string
     description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
   musllinux-ppc64le-image:
     type: string
     description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
-  musllinux-riscv64-image:
-    type: string
-    description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
   musllinux-s390x-image:
     type: string
     description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
   musllinux-x86_64-image:
     type: string
     description: Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images
-  xbuild-tools:
-    description: Binaries on the path that should be included in an isolated cross-build environment
-    type: string_array
-  pyodide-version:
-    type: string
-    description: Specify the version of Pyodide to use
   repair-wheel-command:
-    description: Execute a shell command to repair each built wheel.
     type: string_array
+    description: Execute a shell command to repair each built wheel.
   skip:
     description: Choose the Python versions to skip.
     type: string_array
@@ -208,43 +143,19 @@ properties:
   test-extras:
     description: Install your wheel for testing using `extras_require`
     type: string_array
-  test-sources:
-    description: Test files that are required by the test environment
-    type: string_array
-  test-groups:
-    description: Install extra groups when testing
-    type: string_array
   test-requires:
     description: Install Python dependencies before running the tests
     type: string_array
   test-skip:
     description: Skip running tests on some builds.
     type: string_array
-  test-environment:
-    description: Set environment variables for the test environment
-    type: string_table
-  test-runtime:
-    description: Additional configuration for the test runner
-    oneOf:
-      - type: string
-        pattern: '^$'
-      - type: object
-        additionalProperties: false
-      - type: string
-        pattern: 'args:'
-      - type: object
-        additionalProperties: false
-        required: [args]
-        properties:
-          args:
-            type: array
-            items:
-              type: string
-
 """
 
 schema = yaml.safe_load(starter)
 
+if args.schemastore:
+    schema["$id"] += "#"
+
 string_array = yaml.safe_load(
     """
 - type: string
@@ -303,36 +214,23 @@ items:
   additionalProperties: false
   properties:
     select: {}
-    inherit:
-      type: object
-      additionalProperties: false
-      properties:
-        before-all: {"$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"}
-        before-build: {"$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"}
-        xbuild-tools: {"$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"}
-        before-test: {"$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"}
-        config-settings: {"$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"}
-        container-engine: {"$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"}
-        environment: {"$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"}
-        environment-pass: {"$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"}
-        repair-wheel-command: {"$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"}
-        test-command: {"$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"}
-        test-extras: {"$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"}
-        test-sources: {"$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"}
-        test-requires: {"$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"}
-        test-environment: {"$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"}
-        test-runtime: {"$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"}
 """
 )
 
 for key, value in schema["properties"].items():
-    value["title"] = f"CIBW_{key.replace('-', '_').upper()}"
+    value["title"] = f'CIBW_{key.replace("-", "_").upper()}'
 
-non_global_options = {k: {"$ref": f"#/properties/{k}"} for k in schema["properties"]}
+if args.schemastore:
+    non_global_options = {
+        k: {"$ref": f"#/properties/tool/properties/cibuildwheel/properties/{k}"}
+        for k in schema["properties"]
+    }
+else:
+    non_global_options = {k: {"$ref": f"#/properties/{k}"} for k in schema["properties"]}
 del non_global_options["build"]
 del non_global_options["skip"]
+del non_global_options["container-engine"]
 del non_global_options["test-skip"]
-del non_global_options["enable"]
 
 overrides["items"]["properties"]["select"]["oneOf"] = string_array
 overrides["items"]["properties"] |= non_global_options.copy()
@@ -342,7 +240,6 @@ del overrides["items"]["properties"]["archs"]
 not_linux = non_global_options.copy()
 
 del not_linux["environment-pass"]
-del not_linux["container-engine"]
 for key in list(not_linux):
     if "linux-" in key:
         del not_linux[key]
@@ -360,9 +257,6 @@ oses = {
     "linux": as_object(non_global_options),
     "windows": as_object(not_linux),
     "macos": as_object(not_linux),
-    "pyodide": as_object(not_linux),
-    "android": as_object(not_linux),
-    "ios": as_object(not_linux),
 }
 
 oses["linux"]["properties"]["repair-wheel-command"] = {
@@ -379,10 +273,27 @@ del oses["linux"]["properties"]["dependency-versions"]
 schema["properties"]["overrides"] = overrides
 schema["properties"] |= oses
 
-if args.schemastore:
+if not args.schemastore:
-    schema["$id"] = "https://json.schemastore.org/partial-cibuildwheel.json"
+    print(json.dumps(schema, indent=2))
-    schema["description"] = (
+    raise SystemExit(0)
-        "cibuildwheel's settings. Generated with ./bin/generate_schema.py --schemastore from cibuildwheel."
-    )
 
-print(json.dumps(schema, indent=2))
+schema_store_txt = """
+$id: https://json.schemastore.org/cibuildwheel.json
+$schema: http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#
+additionalProperties: false
+description: cibuildwheel's toml file, generated with ./bin/generate_schema.py --schemastore from cibuildwheel.
+type: object
+properties:
+    tool:
+        type: object
+        properties:
+            cibuildwheel:
+                type: object
+"""
+schema_store = yaml.safe_load(schema_store_txt)
+
+schema_store["properties"]["tool"]["properties"]["cibuildwheel"]["properties"] = schema[
+    "properties"
+]
+
+print(json.dumps(schema_store, indent=2))

bin/inspect_all_known_projects.py

@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@ This will cache the results to all_known_setup.yaml; you can reprint
 the results without the `--online` setting.
 """
 
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import ast
 from collections.abc import Iterable, Iterator
 from pathlib import Path

bin/make_dependency_update_pr.py

@@ -1,30 +1,29 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 
+from __future__ import annotations
 
 import os
-import subprocess
 import sys
 import textwrap
 import time
 from pathlib import Path
+from subprocess import run
 
 import click
 
 
-def shell(cmd: str, *, check: bool, **kwargs: object) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess[str]:
+def shell(cmd, *, check: bool, **kwargs):
-    return subprocess.run([cmd], shell=True, check=check, **kwargs)  # type: ignore[call-overload, no-any-return]
+    return run([cmd], shell=True, check=check, **kwargs)
 
 
-def git_repo_has_changes() -> bool:
+def git_repo_has_changes():
-    unstaged_changes: bool = shell("git diff-index --quiet HEAD --", check=False).returncode != 0
+    unstaged_changes = shell("git diff-index --quiet HEAD --", check=False).returncode != 0
-    staged_changes: bool = (
+    staged_changes = shell("git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD --", check=False).returncode != 0
-        shell("git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD --", check=False).returncode != 0
-    )
     return unstaged_changes or staged_changes
 
 
 @click.command()
-def main() -> None:
+def main():
     project_root = Path(__file__).parent / ".."
     os.chdir(project_root)
 
@@ -55,10 +54,10 @@ def main() -> None:
             f"""
             Update the versions of our dependencies.
 
-            PR generated by `{Path(__file__).name}`.
+            PR generated by `{os.path.basename(__file__)}`.
             """
         )
-        subprocess.run(
+        run(
             [
                 "gh",
                 "pr",

bin/projects.py

@@ -1,13 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 
-# /// script
-# dependencies = [
-#   "click",
-#   "pyyaml",
-#   "pygithub",
-# ]
-# ///
-
 """
 Convert a yaml project list into a nice table.
 
@@ -17,22 +9,25 @@ Suggested usage:
     git diff
 """
 
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import builtins
 import functools
 import textwrap
 import urllib.request
 import xml.dom.minidom
 from collections.abc import Iterable, Mapping, Sequence
-from datetime import UTC, datetime
+from datetime import datetime
 from io import StringIO
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any, Self, TextIO
+from typing import Any, TextIO
 
 import click
 import yaml
 from github import Github, GithubException
 
 ICONS = (
+    "appveyor",
     "github",
     "azurepipelines",
     "circleci",
@@ -77,12 +72,12 @@ class Project:
                     self.notes = notes
         else:
             self.num_stars = 0
-            self.pushed_at = datetime.now(UTC)
+            self.pushed_at = datetime.utcnow()
 
         name_len = len(self.name) + 4
         self.__class__.NAME = max(self.__class__.NAME, name_len)
 
-    def __lt__(self, other: Self) -> bool:
+    def __lt__(self, other: Project) -> bool:
         if self.online:
             return self.num_stars < other.num_stars
         else:
@@ -92,8 +87,8 @@ class Project:
     def header(cls) -> str:
         return textwrap.dedent(
             f"""\
-                | {"Name":{cls.NAME}} | CI | OS | Notes |
+                | {'Name':{cls.NAME}} | CI | OS | Notes |
-                |{"":-^{cls.NAME + 2}}|----|----|:------|"""
+                |{'':-^{cls.NAME+2  }}|----|----|:------|"""
         )
 
     @property
@@ -124,7 +119,7 @@ class Project:
         return f"[{self.name}]: {self.url}"
 
     def info(self) -> str:
-        days = (datetime.now(UTC) - self.pushed_at).days
+        days = (datetime.utcnow() - self.pushed_at).days
         return f"<!-- {self.name}: {self.num_stars}, last pushed {days} days ago -->"
 
 
@@ -135,7 +130,6 @@ def fetch_icon(icon_name: str) -> None:
 
     document = xml.dom.minidom.parseString(original_svg_data)
     svgElement = document.documentElement
-    assert svgElement is not None
     assert svgElement.nodeName == "svg"
     svgElement.setAttribute("width", "16px")
     svgElement.setAttribute("fill", "#606060")
@@ -170,9 +164,7 @@ def get_projects(
     return sorted((Project(item, github) for item in config), reverse=online)
 
 
-def render_projects(
+def render_projects(projects: Sequence[Project], *, dest_path: Path, include_info: bool = True):
-    projects: Sequence[Project], *, dest_path: Path, include_info: bool = True
-) -> str:
     io = StringIO()
     print = functools.partial(builtins.print, file=io)
 
@@ -203,7 +195,7 @@ def insert_projects_table(
     projects: Sequence[Project],
     input_filename: str,
     include_info: bool = True,
-) -> None:
+):
     text = file.read_text()
     projects_table = render_projects(projects, include_info=include_info, dest_path=file)
 
@@ -217,7 +209,7 @@ def insert_projects_table(
 
     generated_note = f"<!-- this section is generated by bin/projects.py. Don't edit it directly, instead, edit {input_filename} -->"
     new_text = (
-        f"{text[: start + len(start_str)]}\n{generated_note}\n\n{projects_table}\n{text[end:]}"
+        f"{text[:start + len(start_str)]}\n{generated_note}\n\n{projects_table}\n{text[end:]}"
     )
 
     file.write_text(new_text)

bin/readme_changelog.py

@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-
-import re
-from pathlib import Path
-
-PROJECT_ROOT = Path(__file__).parent / ".."
-CHANGELOG_FILE = PROJECT_ROOT / "docs" / "changelog.md"
-
-# https://regexr.com/622ds
-FIRST_5_CHANGELOG_ENTRIES_REGEX = re.compile(r"""(^###.*?(?=###)){5}""", re.DOTALL | re.MULTILINE)
-
-
-def mini_changelog() -> str:
-    changelog_text = CHANGELOG_FILE.read_text()
-
-    mini_changelog_match = FIRST_5_CHANGELOG_ENTRIES_REGEX.search(changelog_text)
-    assert mini_changelog_match, "Failed to find the first few changelog entries"
-
-    return f"\n{mini_changelog_match.group(0).strip()}\n"
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    print(mini_changelog())

bin/readme_options_table.py

@@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-
-import dataclasses
-import re
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Final
-
-DIR: Final[Path] = Path(__file__).parent.parent.resolve()
-OPTIONS_MD: Final[Path] = DIR / "docs" / "options.md"
-
-SECTION_HEADER_REGEX = re.compile(r"^## (?P<name>.*?)$", re.MULTILINE)
-
-# https://regexr.com/8f1ff
-OPTION_HEADER_REGEX = re.compile(
-    r"^### (?P<name>.*?){.*#(?P<id>\S+).*}\n+> ?(?P<desc>.*)$", re.MULTILINE
-)
-
-
-@dataclasses.dataclass(kw_only=True)
-class Option:
-    name: str
-    id: str
-    desc: str
-    section: str
-
-
-def get_table() -> str:
-    options_md = OPTIONS_MD.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
-
-    sections = SECTION_HEADER_REGEX.split(options_md)[1:]
-
-    options = []
-
-    for section_name, section_content in zip(sections[0::2], sections[1::2], strict=True):
-        for match in OPTION_HEADER_REGEX.finditer(section_content):
-            option = Option(
-                name=match.group("name").strip(),
-                id=match.group("id").strip(),
-                desc=match.group("desc").strip(),
-                section=section_name.strip(),
-            )
-            options.append(option)
-
-    table_md = "\n<!-- This table is auto-generated from docs/options.md by bin/readme_options_table.py -->\n\n"
-    table_md += "|   | Option | Description |\n"
-    table_md += "|---|---|---|\n"
-    last_section: str | None = None
-
-    for option in options:
-        cells: list[str] = []
-
-        cells.append(f"**{option.section}**" if option.section != last_section else "")
-        last_section = option.section
-
-        url = f"https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#{option.id}"
-        name = option.name.replace(", ", "<br>")  # Replace commas with line breaks
-        cells.append(f"[{name}]({url})")
-
-        cells.append(option.desc)
-
-        table_md += "| " + " | ".join(cells) + " |\n"
-    table_md += "\n"
-
-    return table_md
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    print(get_table())

bin/run_example_ci_configs.py

@@ -1,35 +1,34 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 
+from __future__ import annotations
 
 import os
-import re
 import shutil
-import subprocess
 import sys
 import textwrap
 import time
 import typing
+from glob import glob
 from pathlib import Path
+from subprocess import run
 from urllib.parse import quote
 
 import click
 
-DIR = Path(__file__).parent.parent.resolve()
+
+def shell(cmd, *, check: bool, **kwargs):
+    return run([cmd], shell=True, check=check, **kwargs)
 
 
-def shell(cmd: str, *, check: bool, **kwargs: object) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess[str]:
+def git_repo_has_changes():
-    return subprocess.run([cmd], shell=True, check=check, **kwargs)  # type: ignore[call-overload, no-any-return]
-
-
-def git_repo_has_changes() -> bool:
     unstaged_changes = shell("git diff-index --quiet HEAD --", check=False).returncode != 0
     staged_changes = shell("git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD --", check=False).returncode != 0
     return unstaged_changes or staged_changes
 
 
-def generate_basic_project(path: Path) -> None:
+def generate_basic_project(path):
     sys.path.insert(0, "")
-    from test.test_projects.c import new_c_project  # noqa: PLC0415
+    from test.test_projects.c import new_c_project
 
     project = new_c_project()
     project.generate(path)
@@ -39,32 +38,14 @@ class CIService(typing.NamedTuple):
     name: str
     dst_config_path: str
     badge_md: str
-    config_file_transform: typing.Callable[[str], str] = lambda x: x  # identity by default
-
-
-def github_config_file_transform(content: str) -> str:
-    # one of the the github configs only builds on main, so we need to remove that restriction
-    # so our example build will run on the test branch.
-    #
-    # replace:
-    # """
-    # push:
-    #   branches:
-    #     - main
-    # """
-    # with:
-    # """
-    # push:
-    # """"
-    content = re.sub(
-        r"push:\n\s+branches:\n\s+- main",
-        "push:",
-        content,
-    )
-    return content
 
 
 services = [
+    CIService(
+        name="appveyor",
+        dst_config_path="appveyor.yml",
+        badge_md="[![Build status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/gt3vwl88yt0y3hur/branch/{branch}?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/joerick/cibuildwheel/branch/{branch})",
+    ),
     CIService(
         name="azure-pipelines",
         dst_config_path="azure-pipelines.yml",
@@ -78,8 +59,7 @@ services = [
     CIService(
         name="github",
         dst_config_path=".github/workflows/example.yml",
-        badge_md="[![Build](https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/actions/workflows/example.yml/badge.svg?branch={branch})](https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/actions?query=branch%3A{branch})",
+        badge_md="[![Build](https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/workflows/Build/badge.svg?branch={branch})](https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/actions)",
-        config_file_transform=github_config_file_transform,
     ),
     CIService(
         name="travis-ci",
@@ -99,8 +79,9 @@ services = [
 ]
 
 
-def ci_service_for_config_file(config_file: Path) -> CIService:
+def ci_service_for_config_file(config_file):
-    filename = config_file.name
+    filename = Path(config_file).name
+
     try:
         return next(s for s in services if filename.startswith(s.name))
     except StopIteration:
@@ -117,18 +98,16 @@ def run_example_ci_configs(config_files=None):
     """
 
     if len(config_files) == 0:
-        config_files = Path("examples").glob("*-minimal.yml")
+        config_files = glob("examples/*-minimal.yml")
-    else:
-        config_files = [Path(f) for f in config_files]
 
     # check each CI service has at most 1 config file
-    configs_by_service = set()
+    configs_by_service = {}
     for config_file in config_files:
         service = ci_service_for_config_file(config_file)
         if service.name in configs_by_service:
             msg = "You cannot specify more than one config per CI service"
             raise Exception(msg)
-        configs_by_service.add(service.name)
+        configs_by_service[service.name] = config_file
 
     if git_repo_has_changes():
         print("Your git repo has uncommitted changes. Commit or stash before continuing.")
@@ -149,25 +128,23 @@ def run_example_ci_configs(config_files=None):
 
         for config_file in config_files:
             service = ci_service_for_config_file(config_file)
+            src_config_file = Path(config_file)
             dst_config_file = example_project / service.dst_config_path
 
             dst_config_file.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+            shutil.copyfile(src_config_file, dst_config_file)
 
-            contents = config_file.read_text(encoding="utf8")
+        run(["git", "add", example_project], check=True)
-            contents = service.config_file_transform(contents)
-            dst_config_file.write_text(contents, encoding="utf8")
-
-        subprocess.run(["git", "add", example_project], check=True)
         message = textwrap.dedent(
             f"""\
-            Test example CI configs
+            Test example minimal configs
 
-            Testing files: {[str(f) for f in config_files]}
+            Testing files: {config_files}
             Generated from branch: {previous_branch}
             Time: {timestamp}
             """
         )
-        subprocess.run(["git", "commit", "--no-verify", "--message", message], check=True)
+        run(["git", "commit", "--no-verify", "--message", message], check=True)
         shell(f"git subtree --prefix={example_project} push origin {branch_name}", check=True)
 
         print("---")
@@ -197,5 +174,6 @@ def run_example_ci_configs(config_files=None):
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    os.chdir(DIR)
+    os.chdir(os.path.dirname(__file__))
+    os.chdir("..")
     run_example_ci_configs(standalone_mode=True)

bin/run_tests.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 
+from __future__ import annotations
 
 import argparse
 import os
@@ -8,61 +9,19 @@ import sys
 from pathlib import Path
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    if sys.version_info < (3, 13):
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
-        default_cpu_count = os.cpu_count() or 2
-    else:
-        default_cpu_count = os.process_cpu_count() or 2
-
-    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(allow_abbrev=False)
     parser.add_argument(
         "--run-podman", action="store_true", default=False, help="run podman tests (linux only)"
     )
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--num-processes",
-        action="store",
-        default=default_cpu_count,
-        help="number of processes to use for testing",
-    )
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--test-select",
-        choices={"all", "native", "android", "ios", "pyodide"},
-        default="all",
-        help="Either 'native' or 'android'/'ios'/'pyodide'",
-    )
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
     # move cwd to the project root
     os.chdir(Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1])
 
-    # doc tests
-    doc_test_args = [sys.executable, "-m", "pytest", "cibuildwheel"]
-
-    print(
-        "\n\n================================== DOC TESTS ==================================",
-        flush=True,
-    )
-    result = subprocess.run(doc_test_args, check=False)
-    if result.returncode not in (0, 5):
-        # Allow case where no doctests are collected (returncode 5) because
-        # circleci sets an explicit "-k" filter that disables doctests. There
-        # isn't a pattern that will only select doctests. This can be removed
-        # and have check=True if the circleci PYTEST_ADDOPTS is removed.
-        raise subprocess.CalledProcessError(
-            result.returncode, result.args, output=result.stdout, stderr=result.stderr
-        )
-
     # unit tests
-    print(
-        "\n\n================================== UNIT TESTS ==================================",
-        flush=True,
-    )
     unit_test_args = [sys.executable, "-m", "pytest", "unit_test"]
 
-    if (
+    if sys.platform.startswith("linux"):
-        sys.platform.startswith("linux")
-        and os.environ.get("CIBW_PLATFORM", "linux") == "linux"
-        and args.test_select in ["all", "native"]
-    ):
         # run the docker unit tests only on Linux
         unit_test_args += ["--run-docker"]
 
@@ -71,53 +30,17 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
 
     subprocess.run(unit_test_args, check=True)
 
-    print(
+    # integration tests
-        "\n\n=========================== SERIAL INTEGRATION TESTS ===========================",
-        flush=True,
-    )
-
-    match args.test_select:
-        case "all":
-            marks = []
-        case "native":
-            marks = ["not pyodide", "not android", "not ios"]
-        case mark:
-            marks = [f"{mark}"]
-
-    # Run the serial integration tests without multiple processes
-    serial_integration_test_args = [
-        sys.executable,
-        "-m",
-        "pytest",
-        "-m",
-        f"{' and '.join(['serial', *marks])}",
-        "-x",
-        "--durations",
-        "0",
-        "--timeout=2400",
-        "test",
-        "-vv",
-    ]
-
-    subprocess.run(serial_integration_test_args, check=True)
-
-    print(
-        "\n\n========================= NON-SERIAL INTEGRATION TESTS =========================",
-        flush=True,
-    )
     integration_test_args = [
         sys.executable,
         "-m",
         "pytest",
-        "-m",
+        "--numprocesses=2",
-        f"{' and '.join(['not serial', *marks])}",
-        f"--numprocesses={args.num_processes}",
         "-x",
         "--durations",
         "0",
         "--timeout=2400",
         "test",
-        "-vv",
     ]
 
     if sys.platform.startswith("linux") and args.run_podman:

bin/sample_build.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 
+from __future__ import annotations
 
 import argparse
 import os
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
     # move cwd to the project root
     os.chdir(Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1])
 
-    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Runs a sample build", allow_abbrev=False)
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Runs a sample build")
     parser.add_argument("project_python_path", nargs="?", default="test.test_0_basic.basic_project")
 
     options = parser.parse_args()

bin/update_docker.py

@@ -1,84 +1,70 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
+from __future__ import annotations
 
 import configparser
-import dataclasses
+from dataclasses import dataclass
 from pathlib import Path
 
 import requests
-from packaging.version import Version
 
 DIR = Path(__file__).parent.resolve()
 RESOURCES = DIR.parent / "cibuildwheel/resources"
 
 
-@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
 class Image:
     manylinux_version: str
-    platforms: list[str]
+    platform: str
     image_name: str
-    tag: str | None = None  # Set this to pin the image
+    tag: str | None  # Set this to pin the image
-    use_platform_suffix: bool = False
-
-
-class PyPAImage(Image):
-    def __init__(self, manylinux_version: str, platforms: list[str], tag: str | None = None):
-        image_name = f"quay.io/pypa/{manylinux_version}"
-        super().__init__(manylinux_version, platforms, image_name, tag, True)
 
 
 images = [
+    # manylinux1 images
+    Image("manylinux1", "x86_64", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux1_x86_64", None),
+    Image("manylinux1", "i686", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux1_i686", None),
+    # manylinux2010 images
+    Image("manylinux2010", "x86_64", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_x86_64", None),
+    Image("manylinux2010", "i686", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_i686", None),
+    Image("manylinux2010", "pypy_x86_64", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_x86_64", None),
+    Image("manylinux2010", "pypy_i686", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_i686", None),
     # manylinux2014 images
-    PyPAImage(
+    Image("manylinux2014", "x86_64", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64", None),
-        "manylinux2014",
+    Image("manylinux2014", "i686", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686", None),
-        [
+    Image("manylinux2014", "aarch64", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64", None),
-            "x86_64",
+    Image("manylinux2014", "ppc64le", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_ppc64le", None),
-            "i686",
+    Image("manylinux2014", "s390x", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_s390x", None),
-            "aarch64",
+    Image("manylinux2014", "pypy_x86_64", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64", None),
-            "ppc64le",
+    Image("manylinux2014", "pypy_i686", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686", None),
-            "s390x",
+    Image("manylinux2014", "pypy_aarch64", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64", None),
-            "pypy_x86_64",
+    # manylinux_2_24 images
-            "pypy_i686",
+    Image("manylinux_2_24", "x86_64", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_x86_64", None),
-            "pypy_aarch64",
+    Image("manylinux_2_24", "i686", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_i686", None),
-        ],
+    Image("manylinux_2_24", "aarch64", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_aarch64", None),
-    ),
+    Image("manylinux_2_24", "ppc64le", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_ppc64le", None),
+    Image("manylinux_2_24", "s390x", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_s390x", None),
+    Image("manylinux_2_24", "pypy_x86_64", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_x86_64", None),
+    Image("manylinux_2_24", "pypy_i686", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_i686", None),
+    Image("manylinux_2_24", "pypy_aarch64", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_aarch64", None),
     # manylinux_2_28 images
-    PyPAImage(
+    Image("manylinux_2_28", "x86_64", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64", None),
-        "manylinux_2_28",
+    Image("manylinux_2_28", "aarch64", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64", None),
-        [
+    Image("manylinux_2_28", "ppc64le", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_ppc64le", None),
-            "x86_64",
+    Image("manylinux_2_28", "s390x", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_s390x", None),
-            "i686",
+    Image("manylinux_2_28", "pypy_x86_64", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64", None),
-            "aarch64",
+    Image("manylinux_2_28", "pypy_aarch64", "quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64", None),
-            "ppc64le",
+    # musllinux_1_1 images
-            "s390x",
+    Image("musllinux_1_1", "x86_64", "quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_x86_64", None),
-            "pypy_x86_64",
+    Image("musllinux_1_1", "i686", "quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_i686", None),
-            "pypy_i686",
+    Image("musllinux_1_1", "aarch64", "quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_aarch64", None),
-            "pypy_aarch64",
+    Image("musllinux_1_1", "ppc64le", "quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_ppc64le", None),
-        ],
+    Image("musllinux_1_1", "s390x", "quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_s390x", None),
-    ),
-    # manylinux_2_31 images
-    PyPAImage("manylinux_2_31", ["armv7l"]),
-    # manylinux_2_34 images
-    PyPAImage(
-        "manylinux_2_34",
-        [
-            "x86_64",
-            "i686",
-            "aarch64",
-            "ppc64le",
-            "s390x",
-            "pypy_x86_64",
-            "pypy_i686",
-            "pypy_aarch64",
-        ],
-    ),
-    # manylinux_2_35 images
-    PyPAImage("manylinux_2_35", ["armv7l"]),
-    # manylinux_2_39 images
-    PyPAImage("manylinux_2_39", ["riscv64"]),
     # musllinux_1_2 images
-    PyPAImage(
+    Image("musllinux_1_2", "x86_64", "quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_x86_64", None),
-        "musllinux_1_2", ["x86_64", "i686", "aarch64", "ppc64le", "s390x", "armv7l", "riscv64"]
+    Image("musllinux_1_2", "i686", "quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_i686", None),
-    ),
+    Image("musllinux_1_2", "aarch64", "quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_aarch64", None),
+    Image("musllinux_1_2", "ppc64le", "quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_ppc64le", None),
+    Image("musllinux_1_2", "s390x", "quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_s390x", None),
 ]
 
 config = configparser.ConfigParser()
@@ -104,21 +90,6 @@ for image in images:
             for (name, info) in tags_dict.items()
             if info["manifest_digest"] == latest_tag["manifest_digest"]
         )
-    elif image.image_name.startswith("ghcr.io/"):
-        repository = image.image_name[8:]
-        response = requests.get(
-            "https://ghcr.io/token", params={"scope": f"repository:{repository}:pull"}
-        )
-        response.raise_for_status()
-        token = response.json()["token"]
-        response = requests.get(
-            f"https://ghcr.io/v2/{repository}/tags/list",
-            headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"},
-        )
-        response.raise_for_status()
-        ghcr_tags = [(Version(tag), tag) for tag in response.json()["tags"] if tag != "latest"]
-        ghcr_tags.sort(reverse=True)
-        tag_name = ghcr_tags[0][1]
     else:
         response = requests.get(f"https://hub.docker.com/v2/repositories/{image.image_name}/tags")
         response.raise_for_status()
@@ -134,13 +105,10 @@ for image in images:
         )
         tag_name = pinned_tag["name"]
 
-    for platform in image.platforms:
+    if not config.has_section(image.platform):
-        if not config.has_section(platform):
+        config[image.platform] = {}
-            config[platform] = {}
+
-        suffix = ""
+    config[image.platform][image.manylinux_version] = f"{image.image_name}:{tag_name}"
-        if image.use_platform_suffix:
-            suffix = f"_{platform.removeprefix('pypy_')}"
-        config[platform][image.manylinux_version] = f"{image.image_name}{suffix}:{tag_name}"
 
 with open(RESOURCES / "pinned_docker_images.cfg", "w") as f:
     config.write(f)

bin/update_how_it_works_image.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 
+from __future__ import annotations
 
 import subprocess
 import sys
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@ except ImportError:
     )
 
 
-def main() -> None:
+def main():
     subprocess.run(["mkdocs", "build"], check=True)
 
     hti = Html2Image(custom_flags=["--force-device-scale-factor=2"])
@@ -41,7 +42,8 @@ def main() -> None:
     )
 
     dest_path = Path("docs/data/how-it-works.png")
-    dest_path.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+    if dest_path.exists():
+        dest_path.unlink()
 
     Path(screenshot).rename(dest_path)
 

bin/update_nodejs.py

@@ -1,146 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-
-
-import dataclasses
-import difflib
-import logging
-import tomllib
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Final
-
-import click
-import packaging.specifiers
-import requests
-import rich
-from packaging.version import InvalidVersion, Version
-from rich.logging import RichHandler
-from rich.syntax import Syntax
-
-log = logging.getLogger("cibw")
-
-# Looking up the dir instead of using utils.resources_dir
-# since we want to write to it.
-DIR: Final[Path] = Path(__file__).parent.parent.resolve()
-RESOURCES_DIR: Final[Path] = DIR / "cibuildwheel/resources"
-
-NODEJS_DIST: Final[str] = "https://nodejs.org/dist/"
-NODEJS_INDEX: Final[str] = f"{NODEJS_DIST}index.json"
-
-
-@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True, order=True)
-class VersionTuple:
-    version: Version
-    version_string: str
-
-
-def parse_nodejs_index() -> list[VersionTuple]:
-    versions: list[VersionTuple] = []
-    response = requests.get(NODEJS_INDEX)
-    response.raise_for_status()
-    versions_info = response.json()
-    for version_info in versions_info:
-        version_string = version_info.get("version", "???")
-        if not version_info.get("lts", False):
-            log.debug("Ignoring non LTS release %r", version_string)
-            continue
-        if "linux-x64" not in version_info.get("files", []):
-            log.warning(
-                "Ignoring release %r which does not include a linux-x64 binary", version_string
-            )
-            continue
-        try:
-            version = Version(version_string)
-            if version.is_devrelease:
-                log.info("Ignoring development release %r", str(version))
-                continue
-            if version.is_prerelease:
-                log.info("Ignoring pre-release %r", str(version))
-                continue
-            versions.append(VersionTuple(version, version_string))
-        except InvalidVersion:
-            log.warning("Ignoring release %r", version_string)
-    versions.sort(reverse=True)
-    return versions
-
-
-@click.command()
-@click.option("--force", is_flag=True)
-@click.option(
-    "--level", default="INFO", type=click.Choice(["WARNING", "INFO", "DEBUG"], case_sensitive=False)
-)
-def update_nodejs(force: bool, level: str) -> None:
-    logging.basicConfig(
-        level="INFO",
-        format="%(message)s",
-        datefmt="[%X]",
-        handlers=[RichHandler(rich_tracebacks=True, markup=True)],
-    )
-    log.setLevel(level)
-
-    toml_file_path = RESOURCES_DIR / "nodejs.toml"
-
-    original_toml = toml_file_path.read_text()
-    with toml_file_path.open("rb") as f:
-        nodejs_data = tomllib.load(f)
-
-    nodejs_data.pop("url")
-
-    major_versions = [VersionTuple(Version(key), key) for key in nodejs_data]
-    major_versions.sort(reverse=True)
-
-    versions = parse_nodejs_index()
-
-    # update existing versions, 1 per LTS
-    for major_version in major_versions:
-        current = Version(nodejs_data[major_version.version_string])
-        specifier = packaging.specifiers.SpecifierSet(
-            specifiers=f"=={major_version.version.major}.*"
-        )
-        for version in versions:
-            if specifier.contains(version.version) and version.version > current:
-                nodejs_data[major_version.version_string] = version.version_string
-                break
-
-    # check for a new major LTS to insert
-    if versions and versions[0].version.major > major_versions[0].version.major:
-        major_versions.insert(
-            0,
-            VersionTuple(Version(str(versions[0].version.major)), f"v{versions[0].version.major}"),
-        )
-        nodejs_data[major_versions[0].version_string] = versions[0].version_string
-
-    versions_toml = "\n".join(
-        f'{major_version.version_string} = "{nodejs_data[major_version.version_string]}"'
-        for major_version in major_versions
-    )
-    result_toml = f'url = "{NODEJS_DIST}"\n{versions_toml}\n'
-
-    rich.print()  # spacer
-
-    if original_toml == result_toml:
-        rich.print("[green]Check complete, nodejs version unchanged.")
-        return
-
-    rich.print("nodejs version updated.")
-    rich.print("Changes:")
-    rich.print()
-
-    toml_relpath = toml_file_path.relative_to(DIR).as_posix()
-    diff_lines = difflib.unified_diff(
-        original_toml.splitlines(keepends=True),
-        result_toml.splitlines(keepends=True),
-        fromfile=toml_relpath,
-        tofile=toml_relpath,
-    )
-    rich.print(Syntax("".join(diff_lines), "diff", theme="ansi_light"))
-    rich.print()
-
-    if force:
-        toml_file_path.write_text(result_toml)
-        rich.print("[green]TOML file updated.")
-    else:
-        rich.print("[yellow]File left unchanged. Use --force flag to update.")
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    update_nodejs()

bin/update_python_build_standalone.py

@@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-
-import json
-
-from cibuildwheel.extra import github_api_request
-from cibuildwheel.util.python_build_standalone import (
-    PythonBuildStandaloneAsset,
-    PythonBuildStandaloneReleaseData,
-)
-from cibuildwheel.util.resources import PYTHON_BUILD_STANDALONE_RELEASES
-
-
-def main() -> None:
-    """
-    This script updates the vendored list of release assets to the latest
-    version of astral-sh/python-build-standalone.
-    """
-
-    # Get the latest release tag from the GitHub API
-    latest_release = github_api_request("repos/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/latest")
-    latest_tag = latest_release["tag_name"]
-
-    # Get the list of assets for the latest release
-    github_assets = github_api_request(
-        f"repos/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/tags/{latest_tag}"
-    )["assets"]
-
-    assets = [
-        PythonBuildStandaloneAsset(name=ga["name"], url=ga["browser_download_url"])
-        for ga in github_assets
-        if ga["name"].endswith("install_only.tar.gz")
-    ]
-
-    # Try to keep output order stable
-    assets = sorted(assets, key=lambda x: x["name"])
-
-    # Write the assets to the JSON file. One day, we might need to support
-    # multiple releases, but for now, we only support the latest one
-    json_file_contents = PythonBuildStandaloneReleaseData(
-        releases=[
-            {
-                "tag": latest_tag,
-                "assets": assets,
-            }
-        ]
-    )
-
-    with PYTHON_BUILD_STANDALONE_RELEASES.open("w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        json.dump(json_file_contents, f, indent=2)
-        # Add a trailing newline, our pre-commit hook requires it
-        f.write("\n")
-
-    print(
-        f"Updated {PYTHON_BUILD_STANDALONE_RELEASES.name} with {len(assets)} assets for tag {latest_tag}"
-    )
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    main()

bin/update_pythons.py

@@ -1,15 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 
+from __future__ import annotations
 
+import copy
 import difflib
 import logging
-import operator
-import re
-import tomllib
 from collections.abc import Mapping, MutableMapping
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any, Final, Literal, TypedDict
+from typing import Any, Final, Literal, TypedDict, Union
-from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
 
 import click
 import requests
@@ -19,8 +17,8 @@ from packaging.version import Version
 from rich.logging import RichHandler
 from rich.syntax import Syntax
 
-from cibuildwheel.extra import dump_python_configurations, get_pyodide_xbuildenv_info
+from cibuildwheel._compat import tomllib
-from cibuildwheel.platforms.android import android_triplet
+from cibuildwheel.extra import dump_python_configurations
 
 log = logging.getLogger("cibw")
 
@@ -33,18 +31,26 @@ RESOURCES_DIR: Final[Path] = DIR / "cibuildwheel/resources"
 ArchStr = Literal["32", "64", "ARM64"]
 
 
-class Config(TypedDict):
+class ConfigWinCP(TypedDict):
     identifier: str
     version: str
+    arch: str
 
 
-class ConfigUrl(Config):
+class ConfigWinPP(TypedDict):
+    identifier: str
+    version: str
+    arch: str
     url: str
 
 
-class ConfigPyodide(Config):
+class ConfigMacOS(TypedDict):
-    default_pyodide_version: str
+    identifier: str
-    node_version: str
+    version: str
+    url: str
+
+
+AnyConfig = Union[ConfigWinCP, ConfigWinPP, ConfigMacOS]
 
 
 # The following set of "Versions" classes allow the initial call to the APIs to
@@ -52,7 +58,7 @@ class ConfigPyodide(Config):
 
 
 class WindowsVersions:
-    def __init__(self, arch_str: ArchStr, free_threaded: bool) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, arch_str: ArchStr) -> None:
         response = requests.get("https://api.nuget.org/v3/index.json")
         response.raise_for_status()
         api_info = response.json()
@@ -66,11 +72,7 @@ class WindowsVersions:
 
         self.arch_str = arch_str
         self.arch = ARCH_DICT[arch_str]
-        self.free_threaded = free_threaded
-
         package = PACKAGE_DICT[arch_str]
-        if free_threaded:
-            package = f"{package}-freethreaded"
 
         response = requests.get(f"{endpoint}{package}/index.json")
         response.raise_for_status()
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ class WindowsVersions:
 
         self.version_dict = {Version(v): v for v in cp_info["versions"]}
 
-    def update_version_windows(self, spec: Specifier) -> Config | None:
+    def update_version_windows(self, spec: Specifier) -> ConfigWinCP | None:
         # Specifier.filter selects all non pre-releases that match the spec,
         # unless there are only pre-releases, then it selects pre-releases
         # instead (like pip)
@@ -90,82 +92,12 @@ class WindowsVersions:
         if not versions:
             return None
 
-        flags = "t" if self.free_threaded else ""
         version = versions[0]
-        identifier = f"cp{version.major}{version.minor}{flags}-{self.arch}"
+        identifier = f"cp{version.major}{version.minor}-{self.arch}"
-        return Config(
+        return ConfigWinCP(
             identifier=identifier,
             version=self.version_dict[version],
-        )
+            arch=self.arch_str,
-
-
-class GraalPyVersions:
-    def __init__(self) -> None:
-        response = requests.get("https://api.github.com/repos/oracle/graalpython/releases")
-        response.raise_for_status()
-
-        releases = response.json()
-        gp_version_re = re.compile(r"-(\d+\.\d+\.\d+)$")
-        cp_version_re = re.compile(r"Python (\d+\.\d+(?:\.\d+)?)")
-        for release in releases:
-            m = gp_version_re.search(release["tag_name"])
-            if m:
-                release["graalpy_version"] = Version(m.group(1))
-            m = cp_version_re.search(release["body"])
-            if m:
-                release["python_version"] = Version(m.group(1))
-
-        self.releases = [r for r in releases if "graalpy_version" in r and "python_version" in r]
-
-    def update_version(self, identifier: str, spec: Specifier) -> ConfigUrl:
-        if "x86_64" in identifier or "amd64" in identifier:
-            arch = "x86_64"
-        elif "arm64" in identifier or "aarch64" in identifier:
-            arch = "aarch64"
-        else:
-            msg = f"{identifier} not supported yet on GraalPy"
-            raise RuntimeError(msg)
-
-        gpspec_str = identifier.split("-")[0].split("_")[1]
-        if "." not in gpspec_str and len(gpspec_str) == 3:
-            gpspec_str = gpspec_str[:2] + "." + gpspec_str[-1]
-        gpspec = Specifier(f"=={gpspec_str}.*")
-
-        releases = [r for r in self.releases if spec.contains(r["python_version"])]
-        releases = [r for r in self.releases if gpspec.contains(r["graalpy_version"])]
-        releases = sorted(releases, key=lambda r: r["graalpy_version"])
-
-        if not releases:
-            msg = f"GraalPy {arch} not found for {spec}!"
-            raise RuntimeError(msg)
-
-        release = releases[-1]
-        version = release["python_version"]
-        gpversion = release["graalpy_version"]
-
-        if "macosx" in identifier:
-            arch = "x86_64" if "x86_64" in identifier else "arm64"
-            platform = "macos"
-        elif "win" in identifier:
-            arch = "aarch64" if "arm64" in identifier else "x86_64"
-            platform = "windows"
-        else:
-            msg = "GraalPy provides downloads for macOS and Windows and is included for manylinux"
-            raise RuntimeError(msg)
-
-        arch = "amd64" if arch == "x86_64" else "aarch64"
-        ext = "zip" if "win" in identifier else "tar.gz"
-        (url,) = (
-            rf["browser_download_url"]
-            for rf in release["assets"]
-            if rf["name"].endswith(f"{platform}-{arch}.{ext}")
-            and rf["name"].startswith(f"graalpy-{gpversion.major}")
-        )
-
-        return ConfigUrl(
-            identifier=identifier,
-            version=f"{version.major}.{version.minor}",
-            url=url,
         )
 
 
@@ -194,9 +126,9 @@ class PyPyVersions:
         ]
         return urls[0] if urls else ""
 
-    def update_version_windows(self, spec: Specifier) -> ConfigUrl:
+    def update_version_windows(self, spec: Specifier) -> ConfigWinCP:
         releases = [r for r in self.releases if spec.contains(r["python_version"])]
-        releases = sorted(releases, key=operator.itemgetter("pypy_version"))
+        releases = sorted(releases, key=lambda r: r["pypy_version"])
         releases = [r for r in releases if self.get_arch_file(r)]
 
         if not releases:
@@ -210,19 +142,20 @@ class PyPyVersions:
         identifier = f"pp{version.major}{version.minor}-{version_arch}"
         url = self.get_arch_file(release)
 
-        return ConfigUrl(
+        return ConfigWinPP(
             identifier=identifier,
             version=f"{version.major}.{version.minor}",
+            arch=self.arch,
             url=url,
         )
 
-    def update_version_macos(self, spec: Specifier) -> ConfigUrl:
+    def update_version_macos(self, spec: Specifier) -> ConfigMacOS:
         if self.arch not in {"64", "ARM64"}:
             msg = f"'{self.arch}' arch not supported yet on macOS"
             raise RuntimeError(msg)
 
         releases = [r for r in self.releases if spec.contains(r["python_version"])]
-        releases = sorted(releases, key=operator.itemgetter("pypy_version"))
+        releases = sorted(releases, key=lambda r: r["pypy_version"])
 
         if not releases:
             msg = f"PyPy macOS {self.arch} not found for {spec}!"
@@ -240,7 +173,7 @@ class PyPyVersions:
             if "" in rf["platform"] == "darwin" and rf["arch"] == arch
         )
 
-        return ConfigUrl(
+        return ConfigMacOS(
             identifier=identifier,
             version=f"{version.major}.{version.minor}",
             url=url,
@@ -258,21 +191,22 @@ class CPythonVersions:
 
         self.versions_dict: dict[Version, int] = {}
         for release in releases_info:
-            # Skip the pymanager releases
+            # Removing the prefix, Python 3.9 would use: release["name"].removeprefix("Python ")
-            if not release["slug"].startswith("python"):
+            version = Version(release["name"][7:])
-                continue
-
-            # Removing the prefix
-            version = Version(release["name"].removeprefix("Python "))
 
             uri = int(release["resource_uri"].rstrip("/").split("/")[-1])
             self.versions_dict[version] = uri
 
-    def update_version(self, identifier: str, spec: Specifier, file_ident: str) -> ConfigUrl | None:
+    def update_version_macos(
+        self, identifier: str, version: Version, spec: Specifier
+    ) -> ConfigMacOS | None:
         # see note above on Specifier.filter
         unsorted_versions = spec.filter(self.versions_dict)
         sorted_versions = sorted(unsorted_versions, reverse=True)
 
+        macver = "x10.9" if version <= Version("3.8.9999") else "11"
+        file_ident = f"macos{macver}.pkg"
+
         for new_version in sorted_versions:
             # Find the first patch version that contains the requested file
             uri = self.versions_dict[new_version]
@@ -284,7 +218,7 @@ class CPythonVersions:
 
             urls = [rf["url"] for rf in file_info if file_ident in rf["url"]]
             if urls:
-                return ConfigUrl(
+                return ConfigMacOS(
                     identifier=identifier,
                     version=f"{new_version.major}.{new_version.minor}",
                     url=urls[0],
@@ -292,120 +226,6 @@ class CPythonVersions:
 
         return None
 
-    def update_version_macos(
-        self, identifier: str, version: Version, spec: Specifier
-    ) -> ConfigUrl | None:
-        macver = "x10.9" if version <= Version("3.8.9999") else "11"
-        return self.update_version(identifier, spec, f"macos{macver}.pkg")
-
-    def update_version_android(self, identifier: str, spec: Specifier) -> ConfigUrl | None:
-        return self.update_version(identifier, spec, android_triplet(identifier))
-
-
-class MavenVersions:
-    MAVEN_URL = "https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/chaquo/python/python"
-
-    def __init__(self) -> None:
-        response = requests.get(f"{self.MAVEN_URL}/maven-metadata.xml")
-        response.raise_for_status()
-        root = ET.fromstring(response.text)
-
-        self.versions: list[Version] = []
-        for version_elem in root.findall("./versioning/versions/version"):
-            version_str = version_elem.text
-            assert isinstance(version_str, str), version_str
-            self.versions.append(Version(version_str))
-
-    def update_version_android(self, identifier: str, spec: Specifier) -> ConfigUrl | None:
-        sorted_versions = sorted(spec.filter(self.versions), reverse=True)
-
-        # Return a config using the highest version for the given specifier.
-        if sorted_versions:
-            max_version = sorted_versions[0]
-            triplet = android_triplet(identifier)
-            return ConfigUrl(
-                identifier=identifier,
-                version=f"{max_version.major}.{max_version.minor}",
-                url=f"{self.MAVEN_URL}/{max_version}/python-{max_version}-{triplet}.tar.gz",
-            )
-        else:
-            return None
-
-
-class CPythonIOSVersions:
-    def __init__(self) -> None:
-        response = requests.get(
-            "https://api.github.com/repos/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases",
-            headers={
-                "Accept": "application/vnd.github+json",
-                "X-Github-Api-Version": "2022-11-28",
-            },
-        )
-        response.raise_for_status()
-
-        releases_info = response.json()
-        self.versions_dict: dict[Version, dict[int, str]] = {}
-
-        # Each release has a name like "3.13-b4"
-        for release in releases_info:
-            py_version, build = release["name"].split("-")
-            version = Version(py_version)
-            self.versions_dict.setdefault(version, {})
-
-            # There are several release assets associated with each release;
-            # The name of the asset will be something like
-            # "Python-3.11-iOS-support.b4.tar.gz". Store all builds that are
-            # "-iOS-support" builds, retaining the download URL.
-            for asset in release["assets"]:
-                filename, build, _, _ = asset["name"].rsplit(".", 3)
-                if filename.endswith("-iOS-support"):
-                    self.versions_dict[version][int(build[1:])] = asset["browser_download_url"]
-
-    def update_version_ios(self, identifier: str, version: Version) -> ConfigUrl | None:
-        # Return a config using the highest build number for the given version.
-        urls = [url for _, url in sorted(self.versions_dict.get(version, {}).items())]
-        if urls:
-            return ConfigUrl(
-                identifier=identifier,
-                version=str(version),
-                url=urls[-1],
-            )
-
-        return None
-
-
-class PyodideVersions:
-    def __init__(self) -> None:
-        xbuildenv_info = get_pyodide_xbuildenv_info()
-        self.releases = xbuildenv_info["releases"]
-
-    def update_version_pyodide(
-        self, identifier: str, version: Version, spec: Specifier, node_version: str
-    ) -> ConfigPyodide | None:
-        # get releases that match the python version
-        releases = [
-            r for r in self.releases.values() if spec.contains(Version(r["python_version"]))
-        ]
-        # sort by version, latest first
-        releases.sort(key=lambda r: Version(r["version"]), reverse=True)
-
-        if not releases:
-            msg = f"Pyodide not found for {spec}!"
-            raise ValueError(msg)
-
-        final_releases = [r for r in releases if not Version(r["version"]).is_prerelease]
-
-        # prefer a final release if available, otherwise use the latest
-        # pre-release
-        release = final_releases[0] if final_releases else releases[0]
-
-        return ConfigPyodide(
-            identifier=identifier,
-            version=str(version),
-            default_pyodide_version=release["version"],
-            node_version=node_version,
-        )
-
 
 # This is a universal interface to all the above Versions classes. Given an
 # identifier, it updates a config dict.
@@ -413,77 +233,48 @@ class PyodideVersions:
 
 class AllVersions:
     def __init__(self) -> None:
-        self.windows_32 = WindowsVersions("32", False)
+        self.windows_32 = WindowsVersions("32")
-        self.windows_t_32 = WindowsVersions("32", True)
+        self.windows_64 = WindowsVersions("64")
-        self.windows_64 = WindowsVersions("64", False)
+        self.windows_arm64 = WindowsVersions("ARM64")
-        self.windows_t_64 = WindowsVersions("64", True)
-        self.windows_arm64 = WindowsVersions("ARM64", False)
-        self.windows_t_arm64 = WindowsVersions("ARM64", True)
         self.windows_pypy_64 = PyPyVersions("64")
 
-        self.cpython = CPythonVersions()
+        self.macos_cpython = CPythonVersions()
         self.macos_pypy = PyPyVersions("64")
         self.macos_pypy_arm64 = PyPyVersions("ARM64")
 
-        self.maven = MavenVersions()
-        self.ios_cpython = CPythonIOSVersions()
-
-        self.graalpy = GraalPyVersions()
-
-        self.pyodide = PyodideVersions()
-
     def update_config(self, config: MutableMapping[str, str]) -> None:
         identifier = config["identifier"]
         version = Version(config["version"])
         spec = Specifier(f"=={version.major}.{version.minor}.*")
         log.info("Reading in %r -> %s @ %s", str(identifier), spec, version)
-        config_update: Config | None = None
+        orig_config = copy.copy(config)
+        config_update: AnyConfig | None = None
 
         # We need to use ** in update due to MyPy (probably a bug)
         if "macosx" in identifier:
             if identifier.startswith("cp"):
-                config_update = self.cpython.update_version_macos(identifier, version, spec)
+                config_update = self.macos_cpython.update_version_macos(identifier, version, spec)
             elif identifier.startswith("pp"):
                 if "macosx_x86_64" in identifier:
                     config_update = self.macos_pypy.update_version_macos(spec)
                 elif "macosx_arm64" in identifier:
                     config_update = self.macos_pypy_arm64.update_version_macos(spec)
-            elif identifier.startswith("gp"):
+        elif "win32" in identifier:
-                config_update = self.graalpy.update_version(identifier, spec)
+            if identifier.startswith("cp"):
-        elif "t-win32" in identifier and identifier.startswith("cp"):
+                config_update = self.windows_32.update_version_windows(spec)
-            config_update = self.windows_t_32.update_version_windows(spec)
-        elif "win32" in identifier and identifier.startswith("cp"):
-            config_update = self.windows_32.update_version_windows(spec)
-        elif "t-win_amd64" in identifier and identifier.startswith("cp"):
-            config_update = self.windows_t_64.update_version_windows(spec)
         elif "win_amd64" in identifier:
             if identifier.startswith("cp"):
                 config_update = self.windows_64.update_version_windows(spec)
             elif identifier.startswith("pp"):
                 config_update = self.windows_pypy_64.update_version_windows(spec)
-            elif identifier.startswith("gp"):
-                config_update = self.graalpy.update_version(identifier, spec)
-        elif "t-win_arm64" in identifier and identifier.startswith("cp"):
-            config_update = self.windows_t_arm64.update_version_windows(spec)
         elif "win_arm64" in identifier and identifier.startswith("cp"):
             config_update = self.windows_arm64.update_version_windows(spec)
-        elif "android" in identifier:
-            # Python 3.13 is released by Chaquopy on Maven Central.
-            # Python 3.14 and newer have official releases on python.org.
-            versions = self.maven if identifier.startswith("cp313") else self.cpython
-            config_update = versions.update_version_android(identifier, spec)
-        elif "ios" in identifier:
-            config_update = self.ios_cpython.update_version_ios(identifier, version)
-        elif "pyodide" in identifier:
-            config_update = self.pyodide.update_version_pyodide(
-                identifier, version, spec, config["node_version"]
-            )
 
         assert config_update is not None, f"{identifier} not found!"
-        if config_update != config:
+        config.update(**config_update)
-            log.info("  Updated %s to %s", config, config_update)
+
-            config.clear()
+        if config != orig_config:
-            config.update(**config_update)
+            log.info("  Updated %s to %s", orig_config, config)
 
 
 @click.command()
@@ -507,9 +298,11 @@ def update_pythons(force: bool, level: str) -> None:
     with toml_file_path.open("rb") as f:
         configs = tomllib.load(f)
 
-    for platform in ["windows", "macos", "android", "ios", "pyodide"]:
+    for config in configs["windows"]["python_configurations"]:
-        for config in configs[platform]["python_configurations"]:
+        all_versions.update_config(config)
-            all_versions.update_config(config)
+
+    for config in configs["macos"]["python_configurations"]:
+        all_versions.update_config(config)
 
     result_toml = dump_python_configurations(configs)
 

bin/update_readme_changelog.py

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import re
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+
+PROJECT_ROOT = Path(__file__).parent / ".."
+CHANGELOG_FILE = PROJECT_ROOT / "docs" / "changelog.md"
+README_FILE = PROJECT_ROOT / "README.md"
+
+# https://regexr.com/622ds
+FIRST_5_CHANGELOG_ENTRIES_REGEX = re.compile(r"""(^###.*?(?=###)){5}""", re.DOTALL | re.MULTILINE)
+
+# https://regexr.com/622e5
+README_CHANGELOG_SECTION = re.compile(
+    r"""(?<=<!-- START bin\/update_readme_changelog.py -->\n).*(?=<!-- END bin\/update_readme_changelog.py -->)""",
+    re.DOTALL,
+)
+
+
+def main():
+    changelog_text = CHANGELOG_FILE.read_text()
+    readme_text = README_FILE.read_text()
+
+    mini_changelog_match = FIRST_5_CHANGELOG_ENTRIES_REGEX.search(changelog_text)
+    assert mini_changelog_match, "Failed to find the first few changelog entries"
+
+    mini_changelog = "\n".join(
+        [
+            "",
+            "<!-- this section was generated by bin/update_readme_changelog.py -- do not edit manually -->",
+            "",
+            mini_changelog_match.group(0).strip(),
+            "",
+            "",
+        ]
+    )
+
+    if not re.search(README_CHANGELOG_SECTION, readme_text):
+        sys.exit("Changelog section not found in README")
+
+    readme_text = re.sub(README_CHANGELOG_SECTION, mini_changelog, readme_text)
+    README_FILE.write_text(readme_text)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

bin/update_virtualenv.py

@@ -1,20 +1,21 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 
+from __future__ import annotations
 
-import dataclasses
 import difflib
 import logging
-import tomllib
+import subprocess
+from dataclasses import dataclass
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Final
 
 import click
 import rich
-from packaging.version import Version
+from packaging.version import InvalidVersion, Version
 from rich.logging import RichHandler
 from rich.syntax import Syntax
 
-from cibuildwheel.extra import github_api_request
+from cibuildwheel._compat import tomllib
 
 log = logging.getLogger("cibw")
 
@@ -24,33 +25,43 @@ DIR: Final[Path] = Path(__file__).parent.parent.resolve()
 RESOURCES_DIR: Final[Path] = DIR / "cibuildwheel/resources"
 
 GET_VIRTUALENV_GITHUB: Final[str] = "https://github.com/pypa/get-virtualenv"
-GET_VIRTUALENV_URL_TEMPLATE: Final[str] = (
+GET_VIRTUALENV_URL_TEMPLATE: Final[
-    f"{GET_VIRTUALENV_GITHUB}/blob/{{version}}/public/virtualenv.pyz?raw=true"
+    str
-)
+] = f"{GET_VIRTUALENV_GITHUB}/blob/{{version}}/public/virtualenv.pyz?raw=true"
 
 
-@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True, order=True)
+@dataclass(frozen=True, order=True)
 class VersionTuple:
-    name: str
-    download_url: str
     version: Version
+    version_string: str
 
 
-def get_latest_virtualenv_release() -> VersionTuple:
+def git_ls_remote_versions(url) -> list[VersionTuple]:
-    response = github_api_request("repos/pypa/get-virtualenv/releases/latest")
+    versions: list[VersionTuple] = []
-    tag_name = response["tag_name"]
+    tags = subprocess.run(
-
+        ["git", "ls-remote", "--tags", url], check=True, text=True, capture_output=True
-    asset = next(
+    ).stdout.splitlines()
-        (asset for asset in response["assets"] if asset["name"] == "virtualenv.pyz"),
+    for tag in tags:
-        None,
+        _, ref = tag.split()
-    )
+        assert ref.startswith("refs/tags/")
-    if not asset:
+        version_string = ref[10:]
-        msg = "No asset named 'virtualenv.pyz' found in the latest release of get-virtualenv."
+        try:
-        raise RuntimeError(msg)
+            version = Version(version_string)
-
+            if version.is_devrelease:
-    return VersionTuple(
+                log.info("Ignoring development release %r", str(version))
-        version=Version(tag_name), name=tag_name, download_url=asset["browser_download_url"]
+                continue
-    )
+            if version.is_prerelease:
+                log.info("Ignoring pre-release %r", str(version))
+                continue
+            # Do not upgrade past 20.22.0 to keep python 3.6 compat
+            if version >= Version("20.22.0"):
+                log.info("Ignoring %r which is not compatible with python 3.6", str(version))
+                continue
+            versions.append(VersionTuple(version, version_string))
+        except InvalidVersion:
+            log.warning("Ignoring ref %r", ref)
+    versions.sort(reverse=True)
+    return versions
 
 
 @click.command()
@@ -71,26 +82,15 @@ def update_virtualenv(force: bool, level: str) -> None:
 
     original_toml = toml_file_path.read_text()
     with toml_file_path.open("rb") as f:
-        configurations = tomllib.load(f)
+        loaded_file = tomllib.load(f)
-    default = configurations.pop("default")
+    version = str(loaded_file["version"])
-    local_version = str(default["version"])
+    versions = git_ls_remote_versions(GET_VIRTUALENV_GITHUB)
+    if versions[0].version > Version(version):
+        version = versions[0].version_string
 
-    latest_release = get_latest_virtualenv_release()
+    result_toml = (
-
+        f'version = "{version}"\n'
-    if latest_release.version > Version(local_version):
+        f'url = "{GET_VIRTUALENV_URL_TEMPLATE.format(version=version)}"\n'
-        version = latest_release.name
-        url = latest_release.download_url
-    else:
-        version = local_version
-        url = default["url"]
-
-    configurations["default"] = {
-        "version": version,
-        "url": url,
-    }
-    result_toml = "".join(
-        f'{key} = {{ version = "{value["version"]}", url = "{value["url"]}" }}\n'
-        for key, value in configurations.items()
     )
 
     rich.print()  # spacer

cibuildwheel/__init__.py

@@ -1 +1,3 @@
-__version__ = "3.3.1"
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+__version__ = "2.16.5"

cibuildwheel/__main__.py

@@ -1,110 +1,58 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import argparse
-import contextlib
-import dataclasses
-import functools
 import os
 import shutil
 import sys
 import tarfile
 import textwrap
-import traceback
 import typing
-from collections.abc import Generator, Iterable, Sequence
+from collections.abc import Iterable, Sequence, Set
 from pathlib import Path
 from tempfile import mkdtemp
-from typing import Any, Literal, TextIO
+from typing import Protocol
 
 import cibuildwheel
+import cibuildwheel.linux
+import cibuildwheel.macos
 import cibuildwheel.util
-from cibuildwheel import errors
+import cibuildwheel.windows
+from cibuildwheel._compat.typing import assert_never
 from cibuildwheel.architecture import Architecture, allowed_architectures_check
-from cibuildwheel.ci import CIProvider, detect_ci_provider, fix_ansi_codes_for_github_actions
 from cibuildwheel.logger import log
 from cibuildwheel.options import CommandLineArguments, Options, compute_options
-from cibuildwheel.platforms import ALL_PLATFORM_MODULES, get_build_identifiers, native_platform
+from cibuildwheel.typing import PLATFORMS, GenericPythonConfiguration, PlatformName
-from cibuildwheel.selector import BuildSelector, EnableGroup, selector_matches
+from cibuildwheel.util import (
-from cibuildwheel.typing import PLATFORMS, PlatformName
+    CIBW_CACHE_PATH,
-from cibuildwheel.util.file import CIBW_CACHE_PATH, ensure_cache_sentinel
+    BuildSelector,
-from cibuildwheel.util.helpers import strtobool
+    CIProvider,
-from cibuildwheel.util.resources import read_all_configs
+    Unbuffered,
-
+    chdir,
-
+    detect_ci_provider,
-@dataclasses.dataclass
+    fix_ansi_codes_for_github_actions,
-class GlobalOptions:
+)
-    print_traceback_on_error: bool = True  # decides what happens when errors are hit.
-
-
-@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
-class FileReport:
-    name: str
-    size: str
-
-
-# Taken from https://stackoverflow.com/a/107717
-class Unbuffered:
-    def __init__(self, stream: TextIO) -> None:
-        self.stream = stream
-
-    def write(self, data: str) -> None:
-        self.stream.write(data)
-        self.stream.flush()
-
-    def writelines(self, data: Iterable[str]) -> None:
-        self.stream.writelines(data)
-        self.stream.flush()
-
-    def __getattr__(self, attr: str) -> Any:
-        return getattr(self.stream, attr)
 
 
 def main() -> None:
-    global_options = GlobalOptions()
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
-    try:
-        main_inner(global_options)
-    except errors.FatalError as e:
-        message = e.args[0]
-        if log.step_active:
-            log.step_end_with_error(message)
-        else:
-            log.error(message)
-
-        if global_options.print_traceback_on_error:
-            traceback.print_exc(file=sys.stderr)
-
-        sys.exit(e.return_code)
-
-
-def main_inner(global_options: GlobalOptions) -> None:
-    """
-    `main_inner` is the same as `main`, but it raises FatalError exceptions
-    rather than exiting directly.
-    """
-    # Default in 3.15+, only needed on 3.14
-    if sys.version_info >= (3, 14):
-        arg_parser = functools.partial(argparse.ArgumentParser, suggest_on_error=True)
-    else:
-        arg_parser = argparse.ArgumentParser
-
-    parser = arg_parser(
         description="Build wheels for all the platforms.",
         epilog="""
             Most options are supplied via environment variables or in
             --config-file (pyproject.toml usually). See
             https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel#options for info.
         """,
-        allow_abbrev=False,
     )
 
     parser.add_argument(
         "--platform",
-        choices=["auto", "linux", "macos", "windows", "pyodide", "android", "ios"],
+        choices=["auto", "linux", "macos", "windows"],
         default=None,
         help="""
-            Platform to build for. Use this option to override the auto-detected
+            Platform to build for. Use this option to override the
-            platform. Specifying "macos" or "windows" only works on that
+            auto-detected platform or to run cibuildwheel on your development
-            operating system. "linux" works on any desktop OS, as long as
+            machine. Specifying "macos" or "windows" only works on that
-            Docker/Podman is installed. "pyodide" and "android" only work on
+            operating system, but "linux" works on all three, as long as
-            Linux and macOS. "ios" only works on macOS. Default: auto.
+            Docker/Podman is installed. Default: auto.
         """,
     )
 
@@ -122,22 +70,9 @@ def main_inner(global_options: GlobalOptions) -> None:
         """,
     )
 
-    enable_groups_str = ", ".join(g.value for g in EnableGroup)
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--enable",
-        action="append",
-        default=[],
-        metavar="GROUP",
-        help=f"""
-            Enable an additional category of builds. Use multiple times to select multiple groups. Choices: {enable_groups_str}.
-        """,
-    )
-
     parser.add_argument(
         "--only",
         default=None,
-        choices=[v["identifier"] for vv in read_all_configs().values() for v in vv],
-        metavar="IDENTIFIER",
         help="""
             Force a single wheel build when given an identifier. Overrides
             CIBW_BUILD/CIBW_SKIP. --platform and --arch cannot be specified
@@ -165,7 +100,7 @@ def main_inner(global_options: GlobalOptions) -> None:
     parser.add_argument(
         "package_dir",
         metavar="PACKAGE",
-        default=Path(),
+        default=Path("."),
         type=Path,
         nargs="?",
         help="""
@@ -185,12 +120,6 @@ def main_inner(global_options: GlobalOptions) -> None:
         help="Print the build identifiers matched by the current invocation and exit.",
     )
 
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--clean-cache",
-        action="store_true",
-        help="Clear the cibuildwheel cache and exit.",
-    )
-
     parser.add_argument(
         "--allow-empty",
         action="store_true",
@@ -198,58 +127,13 @@ def main_inner(global_options: GlobalOptions) -> None:
     )
 
     parser.add_argument(
-        "--debug-traceback",
+        "--prerelease-pythons",
         action="store_true",
-        default=strtobool(os.environ.get("CIBW_DEBUG_TRACEBACK", "0")),
+        help="Enable pre-release Python versions if available.",
-        help="Print a full traceback for all errors",
     )
 
     args = CommandLineArguments(**vars(parser.parse_args()))
 
-    global_options.print_traceback_on_error = args.debug_traceback
-
-    if args.clean_cache:
-        if not CIBW_CACHE_PATH.exists():
-            print(f"Cache directory does not exist: {CIBW_CACHE_PATH}")
-            sys.exit(0)
-
-        sentinel_file = CIBW_CACHE_PATH / "CACHEDIR.TAG"
-        if not sentinel_file.exists():
-            print(
-                f"Error: {CIBW_CACHE_PATH} does not appear to be a cibuildwheel cache directory.",
-                "Only directories with a CACHEDIR.TAG sentinel file can be cleaned.",
-                sep="\n",
-                file=sys.stderr,
-            )
-            sys.exit(1)
-
-        # Verify signature to ensure it's a proper cache dir
-        # See https://bford.info/cachedir/ for more
-        try:
-            sentinel_content = sentinel_file.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
-        except OSError as e:
-            print(f"Error reading cache directory tag: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
-            sys.exit(1)
-
-        if not sentinel_content.startswith("Signature: 8a477f597d28d172789f06886806bc55"):
-            print(
-                f"Error: {sentinel_file} does not contain a valid cache directory signature.",
-                "For safety, only properly signed cache directories can be cleaned.",
-                sep="\n",
-                file=sys.stderr,
-            )
-            sys.exit(1)
-
-        print(f"Clearing cache directory: {CIBW_CACHE_PATH}")
-        try:
-            shutil.rmtree(CIBW_CACHE_PATH)
-            print("Cache cleared successfully.")
-        except OSError as e:
-            print(f"Error clearing cache: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
-            sys.exit(1)
-
-        sys.exit(0)
-
     args.package_dir = args.package_dir.resolve()
 
     # This are always relative to the base directory, even in SDist builds
@@ -276,7 +160,7 @@ def main_inner(global_options: GlobalOptions) -> None:
         # This is now the new package dir
         args.package_dir = project_dir.resolve()
 
-        with contextlib.chdir(project_dir):
+        with chdir(project_dir):
             build_in_directory(args)
     finally:
         # avoid https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/86962 by performing
@@ -293,44 +177,95 @@ def _compute_platform_only(only: str) -> PlatformName:
         return "macos"
     if "win_" in only or "win32" in only:
         return "windows"
-    if "pyodide_" in only:
+    print(
-        return "pyodide"
+        f"Invalid --only='{only}', must be a build selector with a known platform",
-    if "android_" in only:
+        file=sys.stderr,
-        return "android"
+    )
-    if "ios_" in only:
+    sys.exit(2)
-        return "ios"
+
-    msg = f"Invalid --only='{only}', must be a build selector with a known platform"
+
-    raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg)
+def _compute_platform_ci() -> PlatformName:
+    if detect_ci_provider() is None:
+        print(
+            textwrap.dedent(
+                """
+                cibuildwheel: Unable to detect platform. cibuildwheel should run on your CI server;
+                Travis CI, AppVeyor, Azure Pipelines, GitHub Actions, CircleCI, Gitlab, and Cirrus CI
+                are supported. You can run on your development machine or other CI providers
+                using the --platform argument. Check --help output for more information.
+                """
+            ),
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        sys.exit(2)
+    if sys.platform.startswith("linux"):
+        return "linux"
+    elif sys.platform == "darwin":
+        return "macos"
+    elif sys.platform == "win32":
+        return "windows"
+    else:
+        print(
+            'cibuildwheel: Unable to detect platform from "sys.platform" in a CI environment. You can run '
+            "cibuildwheel using the --platform argument. Check --help output for more information.",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        sys.exit(2)
 
 
 def _compute_platform(args: CommandLineArguments) -> PlatformName:
-    platform_option_value = args.platform or os.environ.get("CIBW_PLATFORM", "") or "auto"
+    platform_option_value = args.platform or os.environ.get("CIBW_PLATFORM", "auto")
 
     if args.only and args.platform is not None:
-        msg = "--platform cannot be specified with --only, it is computed from --only"
+        print(
-        raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg)
+            "--platform cannot be specified with --only, it is computed from --only",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        sys.exit(2)
     if args.only and args.archs is not None:
-        msg = "--arch cannot be specified with --only, it is computed from --only"
+        print(
-        raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg)
+            "--arch cannot be specified with --only, it is computed from --only",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        sys.exit(2)
 
     if platform_option_value not in PLATFORMS | {"auto"}:
-        msg = f"Unsupported platform: {platform_option_value}"
+        print(f"cibuildwheel: Unsupported platform: {platform_option_value}", file=sys.stderr)
-        raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg)
+        sys.exit(2)
 
     if args.only:
         return _compute_platform_only(args.only)
     elif platform_option_value != "auto":
-        return typing.cast("PlatformName", platform_option_value)
+        return typing.cast(PlatformName, platform_option_value)
 
-    return native_platform()
+    return _compute_platform_ci()
+
+
+class PlatformModule(Protocol):
+    # note that as per PEP544, the self argument is ignored when the protocol
+    # is applied to a module
+    def get_python_configurations(
+        self, build_selector: BuildSelector, architectures: Set[Architecture]
+    ) -> Sequence[GenericPythonConfiguration]:
+        ...
+
+    def build(self, options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+        ...
+
+
+# pylint: disable-next=inconsistent-return-statements
+def get_platform_module(platform: PlatformName) -> PlatformModule:
+    if platform == "linux":
+        return cibuildwheel.linux
+    if platform == "windows":
+        return cibuildwheel.windows
+    if platform == "macos":
+        return cibuildwheel.macos
+    assert_never(platform)
 
 
 def build_in_directory(args: CommandLineArguments) -> None:
     platform: PlatformName = _compute_platform(args)
-    if platform == "pyodide" and sys.platform == "win32":
-        msg = "Building for pyodide is not supported on Windows"
-        raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg)
-
     options = compute_options(platform=platform, command_line_arguments=args, env=os.environ)
 
     package_dir = options.globals.package_dir
@@ -338,10 +273,11 @@ def build_in_directory(args: CommandLineArguments) -> None:
 
     if not any(package_dir.joinpath(name).exists() for name in package_files):
         names = ", ".join(sorted(package_files, reverse=True))
-        msg = f"Could not find any of {{{names}}} at root of package"
+        msg = f"cibuildwheel: Could not find any of {{{names}}} at root of package"
-        raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg)
+        print(msg, file=sys.stderr)
+        sys.exit(2)
 
-    platform_module = ALL_PLATFORM_MODULES[platform]
+    platform_module = get_platform_module(platform)
     identifiers = get_build_identifiers(
         platform_module=platform_module,
         build_selector=options.globals.build_selector,
@@ -356,14 +292,11 @@ def build_in_directory(args: CommandLineArguments) -> None:
     # Add CIBUILDWHEEL environment variable
     os.environ["CIBUILDWHEEL"] = "1"
 
-    # Python is buffering by default when running on the CI platforms, giving
+    # Python is buffering by default when running on the CI platforms, giving problems interleaving subprocess call output with unflushed calls to 'print'
-    # problems interleaving subprocess call output with unflushed calls to
+    sys.stdout = Unbuffered(sys.stdout)  # type: ignore[assignment]
-    # 'print'
-    sys.stdout = Unbuffered(sys.stdout)
 
     # create the cache dir before it gets printed & builds performed
     CIBW_CACHE_PATH.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-    ensure_cache_sentinel(CIBW_CACHE_PATH)
 
     print_preamble(platform=platform, options=options, identifiers=identifiers)
 
@@ -371,36 +304,28 @@ def build_in_directory(args: CommandLineArguments) -> None:
         options.check_for_invalid_configuration(identifiers)
         allowed_architectures_check(platform, options.globals.architectures)
     except ValueError as err:
-        raise errors.DeprecationError(*err.args) from err
+        print("cibuildwheel:", *err.args, file=sys.stderr)
+        sys.exit(4)
 
     if not identifiers:
-        message = f"No build identifiers selected: {options.globals.build_selector}"
+        print(
-        if options.globals.allow_empty:
+            f"cibuildwheel: No build identifiers selected: {options.globals.build_selector}",
-            print(f"cibuildwheel: {message}", file=sys.stderr)
+            file=sys.stderr,
-        else:
+        )
-            raise errors.NothingToDoError(message)
+        if not args.allow_empty:
+            sys.exit(3)
 
     output_dir = options.globals.output_dir
 
-    output_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    if not output_dir.exists():
-
+        output_dir.mkdir(parents=True)
-    # Snapshot wheels before build to detect newly built ones
-    wheels_before = {p.name for p in output_dir.glob("*.whl")}
 
     tmp_path = Path(mkdtemp(prefix="cibw-run-")).resolve(strict=True)
     try:
-        with log.print_summary(options=options):
+        with cibuildwheel.util.print_new_wheels(
+            "\n{n} wheels produced in {m:.0f} minutes:", output_dir
+        ):
             platform_module.build(options, tmp_path)
-
-            # Run audit step after all builds complete
-            if options.globals.audit_command:
-                from cibuildwheel.audit import run_audit
-
-                run_audit(
-                    audit_command=options.globals.audit_command,
-                    output_dir=output_dir,
-                    wheels_before=wheels_before,
-                )
     finally:
         # avoid https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/86962 by performing
         # cleanup manually
@@ -432,132 +357,36 @@ def print_preamble(platform: str, options: Options, identifiers: Sequence[str])
 
     print()
     print(f"Cache folder: {CIBW_CACHE_PATH}")
-    print()
 
-    warnings = detect_warnings(options=options)
+    warnings = detect_warnings(options=options, identifiers=identifiers)
-    for warning in warnings:
+    if warnings:
-        log.warning(warning)
+        print("\nWarnings:")
+        for warning in warnings:
+            print("  " + warning)
 
-    error_list = list(detect_errors(options=options, identifiers=identifiers))
+    print("\nHere we go!\n")
-    if error_list:
-        for error in error_list:
-            log.error(error)
-        msg = "\n".join(error_list)
-        raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg)
-
-    print("Here we go!\n")
 
 
-def detect_errors(*, options: Options, identifiers: Iterable[str]) -> Generator[str, None, None]:
+def get_build_identifiers(
-    # Check for deprecated CIBW_FREE_THREADED_SUPPORT environment variable
+    platform_module: PlatformModule, build_selector: BuildSelector, architectures: Set[Architecture]
-    if "CIBW_FREE_THREADED_SUPPORT" in os.environ:
+) -> list[str]:
-        yield (
+    python_configurations = platform_module.get_python_configurations(build_selector, architectures)
-            "CIBW_FREE_THREADED_SUPPORT environment variable is no longer supported. "
+    return [config.identifier for config in python_configurations]
-            'Use tool.cibuildwheel.enable = ["cpython-freethreading"] in pyproject.toml '
-            "or set CIBW_ENABLE=cpython-freethreading instead."
-        )
 
-    # Deprecated {python} and {pip}
+
+def detect_warnings(*, options: Options, identifiers: Iterable[str]) -> list[str]:
+    warnings = []
+
+    # warn about deprecated {python} and {pip}
     for option_name in ["test_command", "before_build"]:
         option_values = [getattr(options.build_options(i), option_name) for i in identifiers]
 
         if any(o and ("{python}" in o or "{pip}" in o) for o in option_values):
             # Reminder: in an f-string, double braces means literal single brace
-            yield (
+            msg = (
-                f"{option_name}: '{{python}}' and '{{pip}}' are no longer supported "
+                f"{option_name}: '{{python}}' and '{{pip}}' are no longer needed, "
-                "and have been removed in cibuildwheel 3. Simply use 'python' or 'pip' instead."
+                "and will be removed in a future release. Simply use 'python' or 'pip' instead."
             )
-
-
-def detect_warnings(*, options: Options) -> Generator[str, None, None]:
-    python_version_deprecation = ((3, 11), 3)
-    if sys.version_info[:2] < python_version_deprecation[0]:
-        python_version = ".".join(map(str, python_version_deprecation[0]))
-        yield (
-            f"cibuildwheel {python_version_deprecation[1]} will require Python {python_version}+, "
-            "please upgrade the Python version used to run cibuildwheel. "
-            "This does not affect the versions you can target when building wheels. See: https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/#what-does-it-do"
-        )
-
-    build_selector = options.globals.build_selector
-    test_selector = options.globals.test_selector
-
-    all_valid_identifiers = [
-        config.identifier
-        for module in ALL_PLATFORM_MODULES.values()
-        for config in module.all_python_configurations()
-    ]
-
-    enabled_selector = BuildSelector(
-        build_config="*", skip_config="", enable=options.globals.build_selector.enable
-    )
-    all_enabled_identifiers = [
-        identifier for identifier in all_valid_identifiers if enabled_selector(identifier)
-    ]
-
-    yield from check_for_invalid_selectors(
-        selector_name="build",
-        selector_value=build_selector.build_config,
-        all_valid_identifiers=all_valid_identifiers,
-        all_enabled_identifiers=all_enabled_identifiers,
-    )
-    yield from check_for_invalid_selectors(
-        selector_name="skip",
-        selector_value=build_selector.skip_config,
-        all_valid_identifiers=all_valid_identifiers,
-        all_enabled_identifiers=all_enabled_identifiers,
-    )
-    yield from check_for_invalid_selectors(
-        selector_name="test_skip",
-        selector_value=test_selector.skip_config,
-        all_valid_identifiers=all_valid_identifiers,
-        all_enabled_identifiers=all_enabled_identifiers,
-    )
-
-
-def check_for_invalid_selectors(
-    *,
-    selector_name: Literal["build", "skip", "test_skip"],
-    selector_value: str,
-    all_valid_identifiers: Sequence[str],
-    all_enabled_identifiers: Sequence[str],
-) -> list[str]:
-    warnings = []
-
-    for selector in selector_value.split():
-        selector_ = selector
-        if selector_name == "test_skip":
-            # macosx_universal2 uses an additional identifier for tests which ends with ":{arch}"
-            values = selector.split(":")
-            universal2_identifiers = filter(
-                lambda x: x.endswith("-macosx_universal2"), all_valid_identifiers
-            )
-            if len(values) == 2 and any(
-                selector_matches(selector_, f"{i}:{arch}")
-                for i in universal2_identifiers
-                for arch in ["arm64", "x86_64"]
-            ):
-                # just ignore the arch part in the rest of the check
-                selector_ = values[0]
-        if not any(selector_matches(selector_, i) for i in all_enabled_identifiers):
-            msg = f"Invalid {selector_name} selector: {selector!r}. "
-            error_type: type = errors.ConfigurationError
-
-            if any(selector_matches(selector_, i) for i in all_valid_identifiers):
-                msg += "This selector matches a group that wasn't enabled. Enable it using the `enable` option or remove this selector. "
-
-            if "p2" in selector_ or "p35" in selector_:
-                msg += f"cibuildwheel 3.x no longer supports Python < 3.8. Please use the 1.x series or update `{selector_name}`. "
-                error_type = errors.DeprecationError
-            if "p36" in selector_ or "p37" in selector_:
-                msg += f"cibuildwheel 3.x no longer supports Python < 3.8. Please use the 2.x series or update `{selector_name}`. "
-                error_type = errors.DeprecationError
-
-            if selector_name == "build":
-                raise error_type(msg)
-
-            msg += "This selector will have no effect. "
-
             warnings.append(msg)
 
     return warnings

cibuildwheel/_compat/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+from __future__ import annotations

cibuildwheel/_compat/tomllib.py

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import sys
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 11):
+    from tomllib import load, loads
+else:
+    from tomli import load, loads
+
+__all__ = ["load", "loads"]

cibuildwheel/_compat/typing.py

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import sys
+
+if sys.version_info < (3, 11):
+    from typing_extensions import NotRequired, Self, assert_never
+else:
+    from typing import NotRequired, Self, assert_never
+
+__all__ = (
+    "assert_never",
+    "NotRequired",
+    "Self",
+)

cibuildwheel/architecture.py

@@ -1,116 +1,79 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import functools
 import platform as platform_module
 import re
-import shutil
-import subprocess
 import sys
-import typing
 from collections.abc import Set
-from enum import StrEnum, auto
+from enum import Enum
 from typing import Final, Literal
 
-from cibuildwheel import errors
+from ._compat.typing import assert_never
-
 from .typing import PlatformName
 
 PRETTY_NAMES: Final[dict[PlatformName, str]] = {
     "linux": "Linux",
     "macos": "macOS",
     "windows": "Windows",
-    "pyodide": "Pyodide",
-    "android": "Android",
-    "ios": "iOS",
 }
 
 ARCH_SYNONYMS: Final[list[dict[PlatformName, str | None]]] = [
-    {"linux": "x86_64", "macos": "x86_64", "windows": "AMD64", "android": "x86_64"},
+    {"linux": "x86_64", "macos": "x86_64", "windows": "AMD64"},
     {"linux": "i686", "macos": None, "windows": "x86"},
-    {"linux": "aarch64", "macos": "arm64", "windows": "ARM64", "android": "arm64_v8a"},
+    {"linux": "aarch64", "macos": "arm64", "windows": "ARM64"},
 ]
 
 
-def arch_synonym(arch: str, from_platform: PlatformName, to_platform: PlatformName) -> str | None:
+@functools.total_ordering
-    for arch_synonym_ in ARCH_SYNONYMS:
+class Architecture(Enum):
-        if arch == arch_synonym_.get(from_platform):
+    value: str
-            return arch_synonym_.get(to_platform, arch)
 
-    return arch
+    # mac/linux archs
-
+    x86_64 = "x86_64"
-
-def _check_aarch32_el0() -> bool:
-    """Check if running armv7l natively on aarch64 is supported"""
-    if not sys.platform.startswith("linux"):
-        return False
-    if platform_module.machine() != "aarch64":
-        return False
-    executable = shutil.which("linux32")
-    if executable is None:
-        return False
-    check = subprocess.run([executable, "uname", "-m"], check=False, capture_output=True, text=True)
-    return check.returncode == 0 and check.stdout.startswith("armv")
-
-
-@typing.final
-class Architecture(StrEnum):
-    # mac/linux/android archs
-    x86_64 = auto()
 
     # linux archs
-    i686 = auto()
+    i686 = "i686"
-    aarch64 = auto()
+    aarch64 = "aarch64"
-    ppc64le = auto()
+    ppc64le = "ppc64le"
-    s390x = auto()
+    s390x = "s390x"
-    armv7l = auto()
-    riscv64 = auto()
 
     # mac archs
-    universal2 = auto()
+    universal2 = "universal2"
-    arm64 = auto()
+    arm64 = "arm64"
 
     # windows archs
-    x86 = auto()
+    x86 = "x86"
     AMD64 = "AMD64"
     ARM64 = "ARM64"
 
-    # WebAssembly
+    # Allow this to be sorted
-    wasm32 = auto()
+    def __lt__(self, other: Architecture) -> bool:
+        return self.value < other.value
 
-    # android archs
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
-    arm64_v8a = auto()
+        return self.name
-
-    # iOS "multiarch" architectures that include both
-    # the CPU architecture and the ABI.
-    arm64_iphoneos = auto()
-    arm64_iphonesimulator = auto()
-    x86_64_iphonesimulator = auto()
 
     @staticmethod
-    def parse_config(config: str, platform: PlatformName) -> "set[Architecture]":
+    def parse_config(config: str, platform: PlatformName) -> set[Architecture]:
         result = set()
         for arch_str in re.split(r"[\s,]+", config):
-            match arch_str:
+            if arch_str == "auto":
-                case "auto":
+                result |= Architecture.auto_archs(platform=platform)
-                    result |= Architecture.auto_archs(platform=platform)
+            elif arch_str == "native":
-                case "native":
+                result.add(Architecture(platform_module.machine()))
-                    if native_arch := Architecture.native_arch(platform=platform):
+            elif arch_str == "all":
-                        result.add(native_arch)
+                result |= Architecture.all_archs(platform=platform)
-                case "all":
+            elif arch_str == "auto64":
-                    result |= Architecture.all_archs(platform=platform)
+                result |= Architecture.bitness_archs(platform=platform, bitness="64")
-                case "auto64":
+            elif arch_str == "auto32":
-                    result |= Architecture.bitness_archs(platform=platform, bitness="64")
+                result |= Architecture.bitness_archs(platform=platform, bitness="32")
-                case "auto32":
+            else:
-                    result |= Architecture.bitness_archs(platform=platform, bitness="32")
+                result.add(Architecture(arch_str))
-                case _:
-                    try:
-                        result.add(Architecture(arch_str))
-                    except ValueError as e:
-                        msg = f"Invalid architecture '{arch_str}'"
-                        raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg) from e
         return result
 
     @staticmethod
-    def native_arch(platform: PlatformName) -> "Architecture | None":
+    def auto_archs(platform: PlatformName) -> set[Architecture]:
         native_machine = platform_module.machine()
-        native_architecture = Architecture(native_machine)
 
         # Cross-platform support. Used for --print-build-identifiers or docker builds.
         host_platform: PlatformName = (
@@ -119,49 +82,34 @@ class Architecture(StrEnum):
             else ("macos" if sys.platform.startswith("darwin") else "linux")
         )
 
-        if platform == "pyodide":
+        native_architecture = Architecture(native_machine)
-            return Architecture.wasm32
-        elif platform == "ios":
-            # Can only build for iOS on macOS. The "native" architecture is the
-            # simulator for the macOS native platform.
-            if host_platform == "macos":
-                if native_architecture == Architecture.x86_64:
-                    return Architecture.x86_64_iphonesimulator
-                else:
-                    return Architecture.arm64_iphonesimulator
-            else:
-                return None
 
         # we might need to rename the native arch to the machine we're running
         # on, as the same arch can have different names on different platforms
         if host_platform != platform:
-            synonym = arch_synonym(native_machine, host_platform, platform)
+            for arch_synonym in ARCH_SYNONYMS:
-            if synonym is None:
+                if native_machine == arch_synonym.get(host_platform):
-                # can't build anything on this platform
+                    synonym = arch_synonym[platform]
-                return None
 
-            native_architecture = Architecture(synonym)
+                    if synonym is None:
+                        # can't build anything on this platform
+                        return set()
 
-        return native_architecture
+                    native_architecture = Architecture(synonym)
 
-    @staticmethod
+        result = {native_architecture}
-    def auto_archs(platform: PlatformName) -> "set[Architecture]":
-        native_arch = Architecture.native_arch(platform)
-        if native_arch is None:
-            return set()  # can't build anything on this platform
-        result = {native_arch}
 
-        match platform:
+        if platform == "linux" and Architecture.x86_64 in result:
-            case "windows" if Architecture.AMD64 in result:
+            # x86_64 machines can run i686 containers
-                result.add(Architecture.x86)
+            result.add(Architecture.i686)
-            case "ios" if native_arch == Architecture.arm64_iphonesimulator:
+
-                # Also build the device wheel if we're on ARM64.
+        if platform == "windows" and Architecture.AMD64 in result:
-                result.add(Architecture.arm64_iphoneos)
+            result.add(Architecture.x86)
 
         return result
 
     @staticmethod
-    def all_archs(platform: PlatformName) -> "set[Architecture]":
+    def all_archs(platform: PlatformName) -> set[Architecture]:
         all_archs_map = {
             "linux": {
                 Architecture.x86_64,
@@ -169,52 +117,24 @@ class Architecture(StrEnum):
                 Architecture.aarch64,
                 Architecture.ppc64le,
                 Architecture.s390x,
-                Architecture.armv7l,
-                Architecture.riscv64,
             },
             "macos": {Architecture.x86_64, Architecture.arm64, Architecture.universal2},
             "windows": {Architecture.x86, Architecture.AMD64, Architecture.ARM64},
-            "pyodide": {Architecture.wasm32},
-            "android": {Architecture.x86_64, Architecture.arm64_v8a},
-            "ios": {
-                Architecture.x86_64_iphonesimulator,
-                Architecture.arm64_iphonesimulator,
-                Architecture.arm64_iphoneos,
-            },
         }
         return all_archs_map[platform]
 
     @staticmethod
-    def bitness_archs(platform: PlatformName, bitness: Literal["64", "32"]) -> "set[Architecture]":
+    # pylint: disable-next=inconsistent-return-statements
-        # This map maps 64-bit architectures to their 32-bit equivalents.
+    def bitness_archs(platform: PlatformName, bitness: Literal["64", "32"]) -> set[Architecture]:
-        archs_map = {
+        archs_32 = {Architecture.i686, Architecture.x86}
-            Architecture.x86_64: Architecture.i686,
+        auto_archs = Architecture.auto_archs(platform)
-            Architecture.AMD64: Architecture.x86,
-            Architecture.aarch64: Architecture.armv7l,
-        }
-        native_arch = Architecture.native_arch(platform)
 
-        if native_arch is None:
+        if bitness == "64":
-            return set()  # can't build anything on this platform
+            return auto_archs - archs_32
-
+        elif bitness == "32":
-        if native_arch == Architecture.wasm32:
+            return auto_archs & archs_32
-            return {native_arch} if bitness == "32" else set()
+        else:
-
+            assert_never(bitness)
-        match bitness:
-            case "64":
-                return {native_arch} if native_arch not in archs_map.values() else set()
-            case "32":
-                if native_arch in archs_map.values():
-                    return {native_arch}
-                elif native_arch in archs_map and platform in {"linux", "windows"}:
-                    if native_arch == Architecture.aarch64 and not _check_aarch32_el0():
-                        # If we're on aarch64, skip if we cannot build armv7l wheels.
-                        return set()
-                    return {archs_map[native_arch]}
-                else:
-                    return set()
-            case _:
-                typing.assert_never(bitness)
 
 
 def allowed_architectures_check(

cibuildwheel/audit.py

@@ -1,89 +0,0 @@
-"""
-Audit step for wheels built by cibuildwheel.
-
-This module provides functionality to run audit commands (like abi3audit)
-on built wheels after all platform builds are complete.
-"""
-
-import os
-import subprocess
-from pathlib import Path
-
-from packaging.utils import parse_wheel_filename
-
-from .logger import log
-from .util.helpers import format_safe
-
-
-def is_abi3_wheel(wheel_path: Path) -> bool:
-    """Check if a wheel is an abi3 wheel by parsing its filename."""
-    _, _, _, tags = parse_wheel_filename(wheel_path.name)
-    return any(t.abi == "abi3" for t in tags)
-
-
-def run_audit(
-    audit_command: str,
-    output_dir: Path,
-    wheels_before: set[str],
-) -> None:
-    """
-    Run the audit command on wheels built in this run.
-
-    The audit command supports the following placeholders:
-    - {wheel}: expands to each wheel path, runs the command once per wheel
-    - {abi3_wheel}: same as {wheel}, but only for abi3 wheels
-
-    If the command contains {abi3_wheel} but no abi3 wheels were produced,
-    the audit step is skipped.
-
-    Args:
-        audit_command: The command template to run
-        output_dir: Directory where wheels were output
-        wheels_before: Set of wheel filenames that existed before the build
-    """
-    if not audit_command:
-        return
-
-    # Find wheels built in this run (new wheels that weren't there before)
-    all_wheels = sorted(output_dir.glob("*.whl"))
-    just_built = [w for w in all_wheels if w.name not in wheels_before]
-
-    if not just_built:
-        return
-
-    # Determine if we're auditing abi3 wheels only
-    abi3_only = "{abi3_wheel}" in audit_command
-
-    # Filter wheels if needed
-    if abi3_only:
-        wheels_to_audit = [w for w in just_built if is_abi3_wheel(w)]
-        if not wheels_to_audit:
-            log.step("Skipping audit step (no abi3 wheels produced)")
-            return
-    else:
-        wheels_to_audit = just_built
-
-    log.step("Running audit...")
-
-    for wheel in wheels_to_audit:
-        # Prepare command with placeholders
-        prepared = format_safe(
-            audit_command,
-            wheel=wheel,
-            abi3_wheel=wheel,
-        )
-
-        log.step(f"  Auditing {wheel.name}...")
-        env = os.environ.copy()
-
-        try:
-            subprocess.run(
-                prepared,
-                shell=True,
-                check=True,
-                env=env,
-                cwd=output_dir,
-            )
-        except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
-            log.error(f"Audit command failed for {wheel.name}")
-            raise SystemExit(e.returncode) from e

cibuildwheel/bashlex_eval.py

@@ -1,23 +1,21 @@
-import dataclasses
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import subprocess
-from collections.abc import (
+from collections.abc import Iterable, Mapping, Sequence
-    Callable,
+from dataclasses import dataclass
-    Iterable,
+from typing import Callable, Dict, List  # noqa: TID251
-    Mapping,
-    Sequence,
-)
 
 import bashlex
 
 # a function that takes a command and the environment, and returns the result
-EnvironmentExecutor = Callable[[list[str], dict[str, str]], str]
+EnvironmentExecutor = Callable[[List[str], Dict[str, str]], str]
 
 
 def local_environment_executor(command: Sequence[str], env: Mapping[str, str]) -> str:
     return subprocess.run(command, env=env, text=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, check=True).stdout
 
 
-@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True, kw_only=True)
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
 class NodeExecutionContext:
     environment: dict[str, str]
     input: str

cibuildwheel/ci.py

@@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
-import os
-import re
-from enum import Enum
-
-from .util.helpers import strtobool
-
-ANSI_CODE_REGEX = re.compile(r"(\033\[[0-9;]*m)")
-
-
-class CIProvider(Enum):
-    # official support
-    travis_ci = "travis"
-    circle_ci = "circle_ci"
-    azure_pipelines = "azure_pipelines"
-    github_actions = "github_actions"
-    gitlab = "gitlab"
-    cirrus_ci = "cirrus_ci"
-
-    # unofficial support
-    appveyor = "appveyor"
-
-    other = "other"
-
-
-def detect_ci_provider() -> CIProvider | None:
-    if "TRAVIS" in os.environ:
-        return CIProvider.travis_ci
-    elif "APPVEYOR" in os.environ:
-        return CIProvider.appveyor
-    elif "CIRCLECI" in os.environ:
-        return CIProvider.circle_ci
-    elif "AZURE_HTTP_USER_AGENT" in os.environ:
-        return CIProvider.azure_pipelines
-    elif "GITHUB_ACTIONS" in os.environ:
-        return CIProvider.github_actions
-    elif "GITLAB_CI" in os.environ:
-        return CIProvider.gitlab
-    elif "CIRRUS_CI" in os.environ:
-        return CIProvider.cirrus_ci
-    elif strtobool(os.environ.get("CI", "false")):
-        return CIProvider.other
-    else:
-        return None
-
-
-def fix_ansi_codes_for_github_actions(text: str) -> str:
-    """
-    Github Actions forgets the current ANSI style on every new line. This
-    function repeats the current ANSI style on every new line.
-    """
-
-    ansi_codes: list[str] = []
-    output = ""
-
-    for line in text.splitlines(keepends=True):
-        # add the current ANSI codes to the beginning of the line
-        output += "".join(ansi_codes) + line
-
-        # split the line at each ANSI code
-        parts = ANSI_CODE_REGEX.split(line)
-        # if there are any ANSI codes, save them
-        if len(parts) > 1:
-            # iterate over the ANSI codes in this line
-            for code in parts[1::2]:
-                if code == "\033[0m":
-                    # reset the list of ANSI codes when the clear code is found
-                    ansi_codes = []
-                else:
-                    ansi_codes.append(code)
-
-    return output
-
-
-def filter_ansi_codes(text: str, /) -> str:
-    """
-    Remove ANSI codes from text.
-    """
-
-    return ANSI_CODE_REGEX.sub("", text)

cibuildwheel/environment.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import dataclasses
 from collections.abc import Mapping, Sequence
 from typing import Any, Protocol
@@ -73,16 +75,12 @@ class EnvironmentAssignmentRaw:
         return self.value
 
 
-@dataclasses.dataclass
 class EnvironmentAssignmentBash:
     """
     An environment variable, in bash syntax. The value can use bash constructs
     like "$OTHER_VAR" and "$(command arg1 arg2)".
     """
 
-    name: str
-    value: str
-
     def __init__(self, assignment: str):
         name, equals, value = assignment.partition("=")
         if not equals:
@@ -100,8 +98,13 @@ class EnvironmentAssignmentBash:
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
         return f"{self.name}={self.value}"
 
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if isinstance(other, EnvironmentAssignmentBash):
+            return self.name == other.name and self.value == other.value
+        return False
 
-@dataclasses.dataclass(kw_only=True)
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
 class ParsedEnvironment:
     assignments: list[EnvironmentAssignment]
 

cibuildwheel/errors.py

@@ -1,105 +0,0 @@
-"""
-Errors that can cause the build to fail. Each subclass of FatalError has
-a different return code, by defining them all here, we can ensure that they're
-semantically clear and unique.
-"""
-
-import textwrap
-
-
-class FatalError(BaseException):
-    """
-    Raising an error of this type will cause the message to be printed to
-    stderr and the process to be terminated. Within cibuildwheel, raising this
-    exception produces a better error message, and optional traceback.
-    """
-
-    return_code: int = 1
-
-
-class ConfigurationError(FatalError):
-    return_code = 2
-
-
-class NothingToDoError(FatalError):
-    return_code = 3
-
-
-class DeprecationError(FatalError):
-    return_code = 4
-
-
-class NonPlatformWheelError(FatalError):
-    def __init__(self) -> None:
-        message = textwrap.dedent(
-            """
-            Build failed because a pure Python wheel was generated.
-
-            If you intend to build a pure-Python wheel, you don't need
-            cibuildwheel - use `pip wheel .`, `pipx run build --wheel`, `uv
-            build --wheel`, etc. instead. You only need cibuildwheel if you
-            have compiled (not Python) code in your wheels making them depend
-            on the platform.
-
-            If you expected a platform wheel, check your project configuration,
-            or run cibuildwheel with CIBW_BUILD_VERBOSITY=1 to view build logs.
-            """
-        )
-        super().__init__(message)
-        self.return_code = 5
-
-
-class AlreadyBuiltWheelError(FatalError):
-    def __init__(self, wheel_name: str) -> None:
-        message = textwrap.dedent(
-            f"""
-            Build failed because a wheel named {wheel_name} was already generated in the current run.
-
-            If you expected another wheel to be generated, check your project configuration, or run
-            cibuildwheel with CIBW_BUILD_VERBOSITY=1 to view build logs.
-            """
-        )
-        super().__init__(message)
-        self.return_code = 6
-
-
-class OCIEngineTooOldError(FatalError):
-    def __init__(self, message: str) -> None:
-        super().__init__(message)
-        self.return_code = 7
-
-
-class RepairStepProducedNoWheelError(FatalError):
-    def __init__(self) -> None:
-        message = textwrap.dedent(
-            """
-            Build failed because the repair step completed successfully but
-            did not produce a wheel.
-
-            Your `repair-wheel-command` is expected to place the repaired
-            wheel in the {dest_dir} directory. See the documentation for
-            example configurations:
-
-            https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#repair-wheel-command
-            """
-        )
-        super().__init__(message)
-        self.return_code = 8
-
-
-class RepairStepProducedMultipleWheelsError(FatalError):
-    def __init__(self, wheels: list[str]) -> None:
-        message = textwrap.dedent(
-            f"""
-            Build failed because the repair step completed successfully but
-            produced multiple wheels: {wheels}
-
-            Your `repair-wheel-command` is expected to place one repaired
-            wheel in the {{dest_dir}} directory. See the documentation for
-            example configurations:
-
-            https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/options/#repair-wheel-command
-            """
-        )
-        super().__init__(message)
-        self.return_code = 8

cibuildwheel/extra.py

@@ -2,22 +2,18 @@
 These are utilities for the `/bin` scripts, not for the `cibuildwheel` program.
 """
 
-import json
+from __future__ import annotations
-import time
+
-import typing
-import urllib.error
-import urllib.request
 from collections.abc import Mapping, Sequence
 from io import StringIO
-from typing import Any, NotRequired, Protocol
+from typing import Protocol
-
-from cibuildwheel import __version__ as cibw_version
 
 __all__ = ("Printable", "dump_python_configurations")
 
 
 class Printable(Protocol):
-    def __str__(self) -> str: ...
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        ...
 
 
 def dump_python_configurations(
@@ -37,65 +33,3 @@ def dump_python_configurations(
         output.write("\n")
     # Strip the final newline, to avoid two blank lines at the end.
     return output.getvalue()[:-1]
-
-
-def _json_request(request: urllib.request.Request, timeout: int = 30) -> dict[str, Any]:
-    with urllib.request.urlopen(request, timeout=timeout) as response:
-        return typing.cast("dict[str, Any]", json.load(response))
-
-
-def github_api_request(path: str, *, max_retries: int = 3) -> dict[str, Any]:
-    """
-    Makes a GitHub API request to the given path and returns the JSON response.
-    """
-    api_url = f"https://api.github.com/{path}"
-    headers = {
-        "Accept": "application/vnd.github.v3+json",
-        "User-Agent": f"cibuildwheel/{cibw_version}",
-    }
-    request = urllib.request.Request(api_url, headers=headers)
-
-    for retry_count in range(max_retries):
-        try:
-            return _json_request(request)
-        except (urllib.error.URLError, TimeoutError) as e:
-            # pylint: disable=E1101
-            if (
-                isinstance(e, urllib.error.HTTPError)
-                and (e.code == 403 or e.code == 429)
-                and e.headers.get("x-ratelimit-remaining") == "0"
-            ):
-                reset_time = int(e.headers.get("x-ratelimit-reset", 0))
-                wait_time = max(0, reset_time - int(e.headers.get("date", 0)))
-                print(f"Github rate limit exceeded. Waiting for {wait_time} seconds.")
-                time.sleep(wait_time)
-            else:
-                print(f"Retrying GitHub API request due to error: {e}")
-
-            if retry_count == max_retries - 1:
-                print(f"GitHub API request failed (Network error: {e}). Check network connection.")
-                raise e
-
-    # Should never be reached but to keep the type checker happy
-    msg = "Unexpected execution path in github_api_request"
-    raise RuntimeError(msg)
-
-
-class PyodideXBuildEnvRelease(typing.TypedDict):
-    version: str
-    python_version: str
-    emscripten_version: str
-    min_pyodide_build_version: NotRequired[str]
-    max_pyodide_build_version: NotRequired[str]
-
-
-class PyodideXBuildEnvInfo(typing.TypedDict):
-    releases: dict[str, PyodideXBuildEnvRelease]
-
-
-def get_pyodide_xbuildenv_info() -> PyodideXBuildEnvInfo:
-    xbuildenv_info_url = (
-        "https://pyodide.github.io/pyodide/api/pyodide-cross-build-environments.json"
-    )
-    with urllib.request.urlopen(xbuildenv_info_url) as response:
-        return typing.cast("PyodideXBuildEnvInfo", json.loads(response.read().decode("utf-8")))

cibuildwheel/frontend.py

@@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
-import dataclasses
-import shlex
-import typing
-from collections.abc import Sequence
-from typing import Literal, Self, get_args
-
-from .logger import log
-from .util.helpers import parse_key_value_string
-
-BuildFrontendName = Literal["pip", "build", "build[uv]"]
-
-
-@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
-class BuildFrontendConfig:
-    name: BuildFrontendName
-    args: Sequence[str] = ()
-
-    @classmethod
-    def from_config_string(cls, config_string: str) -> Self:
-        config_dict = parse_key_value_string(config_string, ["name"], ["args"])
-        name = " ".join(config_dict["name"])
-        if name not in get_args(BuildFrontendName):
-            names = ", ".join(repr(n) for n in get_args(BuildFrontendName))
-            msg = f"Unrecognised build frontend {name!r}, must be one of {names}"
-            raise ValueError(msg)
-
-        name = typing.cast("BuildFrontendName", name)
-
-        args = config_dict.get("args") or []
-        return cls(name=name, args=args)
-
-    def options_summary(self) -> str | dict[str, str]:
-        if not self.args:
-            return self.name
-        else:
-            return {"name": self.name, "args": repr(self.args)}
-
-
-def _get_verbosity_flags(level: int, frontend: BuildFrontendName) -> list[str]:
-    if level < 0:
-        if frontend == "pip":
-            return ["-" + -level * "q"]
-
-        msg = f"build_verbosity {level} is not supported for {frontend} frontend. Ignoring."
-        log.warning(msg)
-
-    if level > 0:
-        if frontend == "pip":
-            return ["-" + level * "v"]
-        if level > 1:
-            return ["-" + (level - 1) * "v"]
-
-    return []
-
-
-def _split_config_settings(config_settings: str) -> list[str]:
-    config_settings_list = shlex.split(config_settings)
-    return [f"-C{setting}" for setting in config_settings_list]
-
-
-# Based on build.__main__.main.
-def parse_config_settings(config_settings_str: str) -> dict[str, str | list[str]]:
-    config_settings: dict[str, str | list[str]] = {}
-    for arg in shlex.split(config_settings_str):
-        setting, _, value = arg.partition("=")
-        existing_value = config_settings.get(setting)
-        if existing_value is None:
-            config_settings[setting] = value
-        elif isinstance(existing_value, str):
-            config_settings[setting] = [existing_value, value]
-        else:
-            existing_value.append(value)
-
-    return config_settings
-
-
-def get_build_frontend_extra_flags(
-    build_frontend: BuildFrontendConfig, verbosity_level: int, config_settings: str
-) -> list[str]:
-    return [
-        *_split_config_settings(config_settings),
-        *build_frontend.args,
-        *_get_verbosity_flags(verbosity_level, build_frontend.name),
-    ]

cibuildwheel/linux.py

@@ -1,40 +1,35 @@
-import contextlib
+from __future__ import annotations
-import dataclasses
+
 import subprocess
 import sys
 import textwrap
-from collections import OrderedDict
 from collections.abc import Iterable, Iterator, Sequence, Set
+from dataclasses import dataclass
 from pathlib import Path, PurePath, PurePosixPath
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, assert_never
+from typing import OrderedDict, Tuple
 
-from .. import errors
+from ._compat.typing import assert_never
-from ..architecture import Architecture
+from .architecture import Architecture
-from ..frontend import get_build_frontend_extra_flags
+from .logger import log
-from ..logger import log
+from .oci_container import OCIContainer
-from ..oci_container import OCIContainer, OCIContainerEngineConfig, OCIPlatform
+from .options import Options
-from ..options import BuildOptions, Options
+from .typing import PathOrStr
-from ..selector import BuildSelector
+from .util import (
-from ..util import resources
+    AlreadyBuiltWheelError,
-from ..util.file import copy_test_sources
+    BuildFrontendConfig,
-from ..util.helpers import prepare_command, unwrap
+    BuildSelector,
-from ..util.packaging import find_compatible_wheel
+    NonPlatformWheelError,
-
+    find_compatible_wheel,
-if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    get_build_verbosity_extra_flags,
-    from ..typing import PathOrStr
+    prepare_command,
-
+    read_python_configs,
-ARCHITECTURE_OCI_PLATFORM_MAP = {
+    split_config_settings,
-    Architecture.x86_64: OCIPlatform.AMD64,
+    test_fail_cwd_file,
-    Architecture.i686: OCIPlatform.i386,
+    unwrap,
-    Architecture.aarch64: OCIPlatform.ARM64,
+)
-    Architecture.ppc64le: OCIPlatform.PPC64LE,
-    Architecture.s390x: OCIPlatform.S390X,
-    Architecture.armv7l: OCIPlatform.ARMV7,
-    Architecture.riscv64: OCIPlatform.RISCV64,
-}
 
 
-@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True, kw_only=True)
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
 class PythonConfiguration:
     version: str
     identifier: str
@@ -45,24 +40,20 @@ class PythonConfiguration:
         return PurePosixPath(self.path_str)
 
 
-@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True, kw_only=True)
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
 class BuildStep:
     platform_configs: list[PythonConfiguration]
     platform_tag: str
-    container_engine: OCIContainerEngineConfig
     container_image: str
 
 
-def all_python_configurations() -> list[PythonConfiguration]:
-    config_dicts = resources.read_python_configs("linux")
-    return [PythonConfiguration(**item) for item in config_dicts]
-
-
 def get_python_configurations(
     build_selector: BuildSelector,
     architectures: Set[Architecture],
 ) -> list[PythonConfiguration]:
-    python_configurations = all_python_configurations()
+    full_python_configs = read_python_configs("linux")
+
+    python_configurations = [PythonConfiguration(**item) for item in full_python_configs]
 
     # return all configurations whose arch is in our `architectures` set,
     # and match the build/skip rules
@@ -74,9 +65,8 @@ def get_python_configurations(
     ]
 
 
-def container_image_for_python_configuration(
+def container_image_for_python_configuration(config: PythonConfiguration, options: Options) -> str:
-    config: PythonConfiguration, build_options: BuildOptions
+    build_options = options.build_options(config.identifier)
-) -> str:
     # e.g
     # identifier is 'cp310-manylinux_x86_64'
     # platform_tag is 'manylinux_x86_64'
@@ -101,18 +91,15 @@ def get_build_steps(
     Groups PythonConfigurations into BuildSteps. Each BuildStep represents a
     separate container instance.
     """
-    steps = OrderedDict[tuple[str, str, str, OCIContainerEngineConfig], BuildStep]()
+    steps = OrderedDict[Tuple[str, str, str], BuildStep]()
 
     for config in python_configurations:
         _, platform_tag = config.identifier.split("-", 1)
 
-        build_options = options.build_options(config.identifier)
+        before_all = options.build_options(config.identifier).before_all
+        container_image = container_image_for_python_configuration(config, options)
 
-        before_all = build_options.before_all
+        step_key = (platform_tag, container_image, before_all)
-        container_image = container_image_for_python_configuration(config, build_options)
-        container_engine = build_options.container_engine
-
-        step_key = (platform_tag, container_image, before_all, container_engine)
 
         if step_key in steps:
             steps[step_key].platform_configs.append(config)
@@ -120,7 +107,6 @@ def get_build_steps(
             steps[step_key] = BuildStep(
                 platform_configs=[config],
                 platform_tag=platform_tag,
-                container_engine=container_engine,
                 container_image=container_image,
             )
 
@@ -131,36 +117,33 @@ def check_all_python_exist(
     *, platform_configs: Iterable[PythonConfiguration], container: OCIContainer
 ) -> None:
     exist = True
-    has_manylinux_interpreters = False
+    has_manylinux_interpreters = True
     messages = []
 
-    with contextlib.suppress(subprocess.CalledProcessError):
+    try:
         # use capture_output to keep quiet
         container.call(["manylinux-interpreters", "--help"], capture_output=True)
-        has_manylinux_interpreters = True
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
+        has_manylinux_interpreters = False
 
     for config in platform_configs:
         python_path = config.path / "bin" / "python"
-        if has_manylinux_interpreters:
+        try:
-            try:
+            if has_manylinux_interpreters:
                 container.call(["manylinux-interpreters", "ensure", config.path.name])
-            except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
+            container.call(["test", "-x", python_path])
-                messages.append(
+        except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
-                    f"  'manylinux-interpreters ensure {config.path.name}' needed to build '{config.identifier}' failed in container running image '{container.image}'."
+            messages.append(
-                    " Either the installation failed or this interpreter is not available in that image. Please check the logs."
+                f"  '{python_path}' executable doesn't exist in image '{container.image}' to build '{config.identifier}'."
-                )
+            )
-                exist = False
+            exist = False
-        else:
-            try:
-                container.call(["test", "-x", python_path])
-            except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
-                messages.append(
-                    f"  '{python_path}' executable doesn't exist in image '{container.image}' to build '{config.identifier}'."
-                )
-                exist = False
     if not exist:
         message = "\n".join(messages)
-        raise errors.FatalError(message)
+        print(
+            f"cibuildwheel:\n{message}",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        sys.exit(1)
 
 
 def build_in_container(
@@ -170,7 +153,6 @@ def build_in_container(
     container: OCIContainer,
     container_project_path: PurePath,
     container_package_dir: PurePath,
-    local_tmp_dir: Path,
 ) -> None:
     container_output_dir = PurePosixPath("/output")
 
@@ -186,7 +168,7 @@ def build_in_container(
         log.step("Running before_all...")
 
         env = container.get_environment()
-        env["PATH"] = f"/opt/python/cp39-cp39/bin:{env['PATH']}"
+        env["PATH"] = f'/opt/python/cp38-cp38/bin:{env["PATH"]}'
         env["PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK"] = "1"
         env["PIP_ROOT_USER_ACTION"] = "ignore"
         env = before_all_options.environment.as_dictionary(
@@ -204,50 +186,48 @@ def build_in_container(
 
     for config in platform_configs:
         log.build_start(config.identifier)
-        local_identifier_tmp_dir = local_tmp_dir / config.identifier
         build_options = options.build_options(config.identifier)
-        build_frontend = build_options.build_frontend
+        build_frontend = build_options.build_frontend or BuildFrontendConfig("pip")
-        use_uv = build_frontend.name == "build[uv]"
-        pip = ["uv", "pip"] if use_uv else ["pip"]
-
-        log.step("Setting up build environment...")
 
         dependency_constraint_flags: list[PathOrStr] = []
-        local_constraints_file = build_options.dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version(
+
-            version=config.version,
+        if build_options.dependency_constraints:
-            tmp_dir=local_identifier_tmp_dir,
+            constraints_file = build_options.dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version(
-        )
+                config.version
-        if local_constraints_file:
+            )
             container_constraints_file = PurePosixPath("/constraints.txt")
-            container.copy_into(local_constraints_file, container_constraints_file)
+
+            container.copy_into(constraints_file, container_constraints_file)
             dependency_constraint_flags = ["-c", container_constraints_file]
 
+        log.step("Setting up build environment...")
+
         env = container.get_environment()
         env["PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK"] = "1"
         env["PIP_ROOT_USER_ACTION"] = "ignore"
 
         # put this config's python top of the list
         python_bin = config.path / "bin"
-        env["PATH"] = f"{python_bin}:{env['PATH']}"
+        env["PATH"] = f'{python_bin}:{env["PATH"]}'
 
         env = build_options.environment.as_dictionary(env, executor=container.environment_executor)
 
         # check config python is still on PATH
         which_python = container.call(["which", "python"], env=env, capture_output=True).strip()
         if PurePosixPath(which_python) != python_bin / "python":
-            msg = "python available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert python above it."
+            print(
-            raise errors.FatalError(msg)
+                "cibuildwheel: python available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert python above it.",
+                file=sys.stderr,
+            )
+            sys.exit(1)
 
-        if use_uv:
+        which_pip = container.call(["which", "pip"], env=env, capture_output=True).strip()
-            which_uv = container.call(["which", "uv"], env=env, capture_output=True).strip()
+        if PurePosixPath(which_pip) != python_bin / "pip":
-            if not which_uv:
+            print(
-                msg = "uv not found on PATH. You must use a supported manylinux or musllinux environment with uv."
+                "cibuildwheel: pip available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert pip above it.",
-                raise errors.FatalError(msg)
+                file=sys.stderr,
-        else:
+            )
-            which_pip = container.call(["which", "pip"], env=env, capture_output=True).strip()
+            sys.exit(1)
-            if PurePosixPath(which_pip) != python_bin / "pip":
-                msg = "pip available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert pip above it."
-                raise errors.FatalError(msg)
 
         compatible_wheel = find_compatible_wheel(built_wheels, config.identifier)
         if compatible_wheel:
@@ -255,7 +235,7 @@ def build_in_container(
             print(
                 f"\nFound previously built wheel {compatible_wheel.name}, that's compatible with {config.identifier}. Skipping build step..."
             )
-            repaired_wheel = compatible_wheel
+            repaired_wheels = [compatible_wheel]
         else:
             if build_options.before_build:
                 log.step("Running before_build...")
@@ -273,42 +253,42 @@ def build_in_container(
             container.call(["rm", "-rf", built_wheel_dir])
             container.call(["mkdir", "-p", built_wheel_dir])
 
-            extra_flags = get_build_frontend_extra_flags(
+            extra_flags = split_config_settings(build_options.config_settings, build_frontend.name)
-                build_frontend, build_options.build_verbosity, build_options.config_settings
+            extra_flags += build_frontend.args
-            )
 
-            match build_frontend.name:
+            if build_frontend.name == "pip":
-                case "pip":
+                extra_flags += get_build_verbosity_extra_flags(build_options.build_verbosity)
-                    container.call(
+                container.call(
-                        [
+                    [
-                            "python",
+                        "python",
-                            "-m",
+                        "-m",
-                            "pip",
+                        "pip",
-                            "wheel",
+                        "wheel",
-                            container_package_dir,
+                        container_package_dir,
-                            f"--wheel-dir={built_wheel_dir}",
+                        f"--wheel-dir={built_wheel_dir}",
-                            "--no-deps",
+                        "--no-deps",
-                            *extra_flags,
+                        *extra_flags,
-                        ],
+                    ],
-                        env=env,
+                    env=env,
-                    )
+                )
-                case "build" | "build[uv]":
+            elif build_frontend.name == "build":
-                    if use_uv and "--no-isolation" not in extra_flags and "-n" not in extra_flags:
+                if not 0 <= build_options.build_verbosity < 2:
-                        extra_flags += ["--installer=uv"]
+                    msg = f"build_verbosity {build_options.build_verbosity} is not supported for build frontend. Ignoring."
-                    container.call(
+                    log.warning(msg)
-                        [
+                container.call(
-                            "python",
+                    [
-                            "-m",
+                        "python",
-                            "build",
+                        "-m",
-                            container_package_dir,
+                        "build",
-                            "--wheel",
+                        container_package_dir,
-                            f"--outdir={built_wheel_dir}",
+                        "--wheel",
-                            *extra_flags,
+                        f"--outdir={built_wheel_dir}",
-                        ],
+                        *extra_flags,
-                        env=env,
+                    ],
-                    )
+                    env=env,
-                case _:
+                )
-                    assert_never(build_frontend)
+            else:
+                assert_never(build_frontend)
 
             built_wheel = container.glob(built_wheel_dir, "*.whl")[0]
 
@@ -317,62 +297,39 @@ def build_in_container(
             container.call(["mkdir", "-p", repaired_wheel_dir])
 
             if built_wheel.name.endswith("none-any.whl"):
-                raise errors.NonPlatformWheelError()
+                raise NonPlatformWheelError()
 
             if build_options.repair_command:
                 log.step("Repairing wheel...")
                 repair_command_prepared = prepare_command(
-                    build_options.repair_command,
+                    build_options.repair_command, wheel=built_wheel, dest_dir=repaired_wheel_dir
-                    wheel=built_wheel,
-                    dest_dir=repaired_wheel_dir,
-                    package=container_package_dir,
-                    project=container_project_path,
                 )
                 container.call(["sh", "-c", repair_command_prepared], env=env)
             else:
                 container.call(["mv", built_wheel, repaired_wheel_dir])
 
-            match container.glob(repaired_wheel_dir, "*.whl"):
+            repaired_wheels = container.glob(repaired_wheel_dir, "*.whl")
-                case []:
-                    raise errors.RepairStepProducedNoWheelError()
-                case [repaired_wheel]:
-                    pass
-                case too_many:
-                    raise errors.RepairStepProducedMultipleWheelsError([p.name for p in too_many])
 
-            if repaired_wheel.name in {wheel.name for wheel in built_wheels}:
+            for repaired_wheel in repaired_wheels:
-                raise errors.AlreadyBuiltWheelError(repaired_wheel.name)
+                if repaired_wheel.name in {wheel.name for wheel in built_wheels}:
+                    raise AlreadyBuiltWheelError(repaired_wheel.name)
 
         if build_options.test_command and build_options.test_selector(config.identifier):
             log.step("Testing wheel...")
 
             # set up a virtual environment to install and test from, to make sure
             # there are no dependencies that were pulled in at build time.
-            if not use_uv:
+            container.call(["pip", "install", "virtualenv", *dependency_constraint_flags], env=env)
-                container.call(
-                    ["pip", "install", "virtualenv", *dependency_constraint_flags], env=env
-                )
 
             testing_temp_dir = PurePosixPath(
                 container.call(["mktemp", "-d"], capture_output=True).strip()
             )
             venv_dir = testing_temp_dir / "venv"
 
-            if use_uv:
+            container.call(["python", "-m", "virtualenv", "--no-download", venv_dir], env=env)
-                container.call(["uv", "venv", venv_dir, "--python", python_bin / "python"], env=env)
-            else:
-                # Use embedded dependencies from virtualenv to ensure determinism
-                venv_args = ["--no-periodic-update", "--pip=embed", "--no-setuptools"]
-                if "38" in config.identifier:
-                    venv_args.append("--no-wheel")
-                container.call(["python", "-m", "virtualenv", *venv_args, venv_dir], env=env)
 
             virtualenv_env = env.copy()
             virtualenv_env["PATH"] = f"{venv_dir / 'bin'}:{virtualenv_env['PATH']}"
-            virtualenv_env["VIRTUAL_ENV"] = str(venv_dir)
-            virtualenv_env = build_options.test_environment.as_dictionary(
-                prev_environment=virtualenv_env
-            )
 
             if build_options.before_test:
                 before_test_prepared = prepare_command(
@@ -383,52 +340,46 @@ def build_in_container(
                 container.call(["sh", "-c", before_test_prepared], env=virtualenv_env)
 
             # Install the wheel we just built
+            # Note: If auditwheel produced two wheels, it's because the earlier produced wheel
+            # conforms to multiple manylinux standards. These multiple versions of the wheel are
+            # functionally the same, differing only in name, wheel metadata, and possibly include
+            # different external shared libraries. so it doesn't matter which one we run the tests on.
+            # Let's just pick the first one.
+            wheel_to_test = repaired_wheels[0]
             container.call(
-                [*pip, "install", str(repaired_wheel) + build_options.test_extras],
+                ["pip", "install", str(wheel_to_test) + build_options.test_extras],
                 env=virtualenv_env,
             )
 
             # Install any requirements to run the tests
             if build_options.test_requires:
-                container.call([*pip, "install", *build_options.test_requires], env=virtualenv_env)
+                container.call(["pip", "install", *build_options.test_requires], env=virtualenv_env)
 
             # Run the tests from a different directory
             test_command_prepared = prepare_command(
                 build_options.test_command,
                 project=container_project_path,
                 package=container_package_dir,
-                wheel=repaired_wheel,
+                wheel=wheel_to_test,
             )
-
             test_cwd = testing_temp_dir / "test_cwd"
             container.call(["mkdir", "-p", test_cwd])
-
+            container.copy_into(test_fail_cwd_file, test_cwd / "test_fail.py")
-            if build_options.test_sources:
-                copy_test_sources(
-                    build_options.test_sources,
-                    Path.cwd(),
-                    test_cwd,
-                    copy_into=container.copy_into,
-                )
-            else:
-                # Use the test_fail.py file to raise a nice error if the user
-                # tries to run tests in the cwd
-                container.copy_into(resources.TEST_FAIL_CWD_FILE, test_cwd / "test_fail.py")
 
             container.call(["sh", "-c", test_command_prepared], cwd=test_cwd, env=virtualenv_env)
 
             # clean up test environment
             container.call(["rm", "-rf", testing_temp_dir])
 
-        # move repaired wheel to output
+        # move repaired wheels to output
-        output_wheel: Path | None = None
         if compatible_wheel is None:
             container.call(["mkdir", "-p", container_output_dir])
-            container.call(["mv", repaired_wheel, container_output_dir])
+            container.call(["mv", *repaired_wheels, container_output_dir])
-            built_wheels.append(container_output_dir / repaired_wheel.name)
+            built_wheels.extend(
-            output_wheel = options.globals.output_dir / repaired_wheel.name
+                container_output_dir / repaired_wheel.name for repaired_wheel in repaired_wheels
+            )
 
-        log.build_end(output_wheel)
+        log.build_end()
 
     log.step("Copying wheels back to host...")
     # copy the output back into the host
@@ -436,7 +387,30 @@ def build_in_container(
     log.step_end()
 
 
-def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:  # noqa: ARG001
+    try:
+        # check the container engine is installed
+        subprocess.run(
+            [options.globals.container_engine.name, "--version"],
+            check=True,
+            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+        )
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
+        print(
+            unwrap(
+                f"""
+                cibuildwheel: {options.globals.container_engine} not found. An
+                OCI exe like Docker or Podman is required to run Linux builds.
+                If you're building on Travis CI, add `services: [docker]` to
+                your .travis.yml. If you're building on Circle CI in Linux,
+                add a `setup_remote_docker` step to your .circleci/config.yml.
+                If you're building on Cirrus CI, use `docker_builder` task.
+                """
+            ),
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        sys.exit(2)
+
     python_configurations = get_python_configurations(
         options.globals.build_selector, options.globals.architectures
     )
@@ -451,38 +425,17 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     container_package_dir = container_project_path / abs_package_dir.relative_to(cwd)
 
     for build_step in get_build_steps(options, python_configurations):
-        try:
-            # check the container engine is installed
-            subprocess.run(
-                [build_step.container_engine.name, "--version"],
-                check=True,
-                stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-            )
-        except subprocess.CalledProcessError as error:
-            msg = unwrap(
-                f"""
-                {build_step.container_engine.name} not found. An OCI exe like
-                Docker or Podman is required to run Linux builds. If you're
-                building on Travis CI, add `services: [docker]` to your
-                .travis.yml. If you're building on Circle CI in Linux, add a
-                `setup_remote_docker` step to your .circleci/config.yml. If
-                you're building on Cirrus CI, use `docker_builder` task.
-                """
-            )
-            raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg) from error
-
         try:
             ids_to_build = [x.identifier for x in build_step.platform_configs]
             log.step(f"Starting container image {build_step.container_image}...")
 
             print(f"info: This container will host the build for {', '.join(ids_to_build)}...")
-            architecture = Architecture(build_step.platform_tag.split("_", 1)[1])
 
             with OCIContainer(
                 image=build_step.container_image,
-                oci_platform=ARCHITECTURE_OCI_PLATFORM_MAP[architecture],
+                enforce_32_bit=build_step.platform_tag.endswith("i686"),
                 cwd=container_project_path,
-                engine=build_step.container_engine,
+                engine=options.globals.container_engine,
             ) as container:
                 build_in_container(
                     options=options,
@@ -490,13 +443,14 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                     container=container,
                     container_project_path=container_project_path,
                     container_package_dir=container_package_dir,
-                    local_tmp_dir=tmp_path,
                 )
 
         except subprocess.CalledProcessError as error:
+            log.step_end_with_error(
+                f"Command {error.cmd} failed with code {error.returncode}. {error.stdout}"
+            )
             troubleshoot(options, error)
-            msg = f"Command {error.cmd} failed with code {error.returncode}. {error.stdout or ''}"
+            sys.exit(1)
-            raise errors.FatalError(msg) from error
 
 
 def _matches_prepared_command(error_cmd: Sequence[str], command_template: str) -> bool:
@@ -515,6 +469,7 @@ def troubleshoot(options: Options, error: Exception) -> None:
         )  # TODO allow matching of overrides too?
     ):
         # the wheel build step or the repair step failed
+        print("Checking for common errors...")
         so_files = list(options.globals.package_dir.glob("**/*.so"))
 
         if so_files:

cibuildwheel/logger.py

@@ -1,26 +1,15 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import codecs
-import contextlib
-import dataclasses
-import functools
-import hashlib
-import io
 import os
 import re
 import sys
-import textwrap
 import time
-from collections.abc import Generator
+from typing import IO, AnyStr, Final, Tuple
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import IO, TYPE_CHECKING, AnyStr, Final, Literal
 
-import humanize
+from .util import CIProvider, detect_ci_provider
 
-from .ci import CIProvider, detect_ci_provider, filter_ansi_codes
+FoldPattern = Tuple[str, str]
-
-if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from .options import Options
-
-FoldPattern = tuple[str, str]
 DEFAULT_FOLD_PATTERN: Final[FoldPattern] = ("{name}", "")
 FOLD_PATTERNS: Final[dict[str, FoldPattern]] = {
     "azure": ("##[group]{name}", "##[endgroup]"),
@@ -34,92 +23,28 @@ PLATFORM_IDENTIFIER_DESCRIPTIONS: Final[dict[str, str]] = {
     "manylinux_aarch64": "manylinux aarch64",
     "manylinux_ppc64le": "manylinux ppc64le",
     "manylinux_s390x": "manylinux s390x",
-    "manylinux_armv7l": "manylinux armv7l",
-    "manylinux_riscv64": "manylinux riscv64",
     "musllinux_x86_64": "musllinux x86_64",
     "musllinux_i686": "musllinux i686",
     "musllinux_aarch64": "musllinux aarch64",
     "musllinux_ppc64le": "musllinux ppc64le",
-    "musllinux_s390x": "musllinux s390x",
+    "musllinux_s390x": "manylinux s390x",
-    "musllinux_armv7l": "musllinux armv7l",
-    "musllinux_riscv64": "musllinux riscv64",
     "win32": "Windows 32bit",
     "win_amd64": "Windows 64bit",
     "win_arm64": "Windows on ARM 64bit",
     "macosx_x86_64": "macOS x86_64",
     "macosx_universal2": "macOS Universal 2 - x86_64 and arm64",
     "macosx_arm64": "macOS arm64 - Apple Silicon",
-    "pyodide_wasm32": "Pyodide",
-    "android_arm64_v8a": "Android arm64_v8a",
-    "android_x86_64": "Android x86_64",
-    "ios_arm64_iphoneos": "iOS Device (ARM64)",
-    "ios_arm64_iphonesimulator": "iOS Simulator (ARM64)",
-    "ios_x86_64_iphonesimulator": "iOS Simulator (x86_64)",
 }
 
 
-class Colors:
-    def __init__(self, *, enabled: bool) -> None:
-        self.red = "\033[31m" if enabled else ""
-        self.green = "\033[32m" if enabled else ""
-        self.yellow = "\033[33m" if enabled else ""
-        self.blue = "\033[34m" if enabled else ""
-        self.cyan = "\033[36m" if enabled else ""
-        self.bright_red = "\033[91m" if enabled else ""
-        self.bright_green = "\033[92m" if enabled else ""
-        self.white = "\033[37m\033[97m" if enabled else ""
-        self.gray = "\033[38;5;244m" if enabled else ""
-
-        self.bg_grey = "\033[48;5;235m" if enabled else ""
-
-        self.bold = "\033[1m" if enabled else ""
-        self.faint = "\033[2m" if enabled else ""
-
-        self.end = "\033[0m" if enabled else ""
-
-
-class Symbols:
-    def __init__(self, *, unicode: bool) -> None:
-        self.done = "✓" if unicode else "done"
-        self.error = "✕" if unicode else "failed"
-
-
-@dataclasses.dataclass(kw_only=True, frozen=True)
-class BuildInfo:
-    identifier: str
-    filename: Path | None
-    duration: float
-
-    @functools.cached_property
-    def size(self) -> str | None:
-        if self.filename is None:
-            return None
-        return humanize.naturalsize(self.filename.stat().st_size)
-
-    @functools.cached_property
-    def sha256(self) -> str | None:
-        if self.filename is None:
-            return None
-        with self.filename.open("rb") as f:
-            digest = hashlib.file_digest(f, "sha256")
-        return digest.hexdigest()
-
-    def __str__(self) -> str:
-        duration = humanize.naturaldelta(self.duration)
-        if self.filename:
-            return f"{self.identifier}: {self.filename.name} {self.size} in {duration}, SHA256={self.sha256}"
-        return f"{self.identifier}: {duration} (test only)"
-
-
 class Logger:
-    fold_mode: Literal["azure", "github", "travis", "disabled"]
+    fold_mode: str
     colors_enabled: bool
     unicode_enabled: bool
     active_build_identifier: str | None = None
     build_start_time: float | None = None
     step_start_time: float | None = None
     active_fold_group_name: str | None = None
-    summary: list[BuildInfo]
 
     def __init__(self) -> None:
         if sys.platform == "win32" and hasattr(sys.stdout, "reconfigure"):
@@ -131,28 +56,25 @@ class Logger:
 
         ci_provider = detect_ci_provider()
 
-        match ci_provider:
+        if ci_provider == CIProvider.azure_pipelines:
-            case CIProvider.azure_pipelines:
+            self.fold_mode = "azure"
-                self.fold_mode = "azure"
+            self.colors_enabled = True
-                self.colors_enabled = True
 
-            case CIProvider.github_actions:
+        elif ci_provider == CIProvider.github_actions:
-                self.fold_mode = "github"
+            self.fold_mode = "github"
-                self.colors_enabled = True
+            self.colors_enabled = True
 
-            case CIProvider.travis_ci:
+        elif ci_provider == CIProvider.travis_ci:
-                self.fold_mode = "travis"
+            self.fold_mode = "travis"
-                self.colors_enabled = True
+            self.colors_enabled = True
 
-            case CIProvider.appveyor:
+        elif ci_provider == CIProvider.appveyor:
-                self.fold_mode = "disabled"
+            self.fold_mode = "disabled"
-                self.colors_enabled = True
+            self.colors_enabled = True
 
-            case _:
+        else:
-                self.fold_mode = "disabled"
+            self.fold_mode = "disabled"
-                self.colors_enabled = file_supports_color(sys.stdout)
+            self.colors_enabled = file_supports_color(sys.stdout)
-
-        self.summary = []
 
     def build_start(self, identifier: str) -> None:
         self.step_end()
@@ -166,7 +88,7 @@ class Logger:
         self.build_start_time = time.time()
         self.active_build_identifier = identifier
 
-    def build_end(self, filename: Path | None) -> None:
+    def build_end(self) -> None:
         assert self.build_start_time is not None
         assert self.active_build_identifier is not None
         self.step_end()
@@ -174,14 +96,11 @@ class Logger:
         c = self.colors
         s = self.symbols
         duration = time.time() - self.build_start_time
-        duration_str = humanize.naturaldelta(duration, minimum_unit="milliseconds")
 
         print()
-        print(f"{c.green}{s.done} {c.end}{self.active_build_identifier} finished in {duration_str}")
+        print(
-        self.summary.append(
+            f"{c.green}{s.done} {c.end}{self.active_build_identifier} finished in {duration:.2f}s"
-            BuildInfo(identifier=self.active_build_identifier, filename=filename, duration=duration)
         )
-
         self.build_start_time = None
         self.active_build_identifier = None
 
@@ -196,7 +115,6 @@ class Logger:
             c = self.colors
             s = self.symbols
             duration = time.time() - self.step_start_time
-
             if success:
                 print(f"{c.green}{s.done} {c.end}{duration:.2f}s".rjust(78))
             else:
@@ -214,48 +132,24 @@ class Logger:
 
     def notice(self, message: str) -> None:
         if self.fold_mode == "github":
-            print(f"::notice::cibuildwheel: {message}\n", file=sys.stderr)
+            print(f"::notice::{message}\n", file=sys.stderr)
         else:
             c = self.colors
-            print(f"cibuildwheel: {c.bold}note{c.end}: {message}\n", file=sys.stderr)
+            print(f"{c.bold}Note{c.end}: {message}\n", file=sys.stderr)
 
     def warning(self, message: str) -> None:
         if self.fold_mode == "github":
-            print(f"::warning::cibuildwheel: {message}\n", file=sys.stderr)
+            print(f"::warning::{message}\n", file=sys.stderr)
         else:
             c = self.colors
-            print(f"cibuildwheel: {c.yellow}warning{c.end}: {message}\n", file=sys.stderr)
+            print(f"{c.yellow}Warning{c.end}: {message}\n", file=sys.stderr)
 
     def error(self, error: BaseException | str) -> None:
         if self.fold_mode == "github":
-            print(f"::error::cibuildwheel: {error}\n", file=sys.stderr)
+            print(f"::error::{error}\n", file=sys.stderr)
         else:
             c = self.colors
-            print(f"cibuildwheel: {c.bright_red}error{c.end}: {error}\n", file=sys.stderr)
+            print(f"{c.bright_red}Error{c.end}: {error}\n", file=sys.stderr)
-
-    @contextlib.contextmanager
-    def print_summary(self, *, options: "Options") -> Generator[None, None, None]:
-        start = time.time()
-        yield
-        duration = time.time() - start
-        if summary_path := os.environ.get("GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"):
-            github_summary = self._github_step_summary(duration=duration, options=options)
-            Path(summary_path).write_text(filter_ansi_codes(github_summary), encoding="utf-8")
-
-        n_wheels = len([info for info in self.summary if info.filename])
-        s = "s" if n_wheels > 1 else ""
-        duration_str = humanize.naturaldelta(duration)
-        print()
-        self._start_fold_group(f"{n_wheels} wheel{s} produced in {duration_str}")
-        for build_info in self.summary:
-            print(" ", build_info)
-        self._end_fold_group()
-
-        self.summary = []
-
-    @property
-    def step_active(self) -> bool:
-        return self.step_start_time is not None
 
     def _start_fold_group(self, name: str) -> None:
         self._end_fold_group()
@@ -292,72 +186,6 @@ class Logger:
         # lowercase, shorten
         return identifier.lower()[:20]
 
-    def _github_step_summary(self, duration: float, options: "Options") -> str:
-        """
-        Returns the GitHub step summary, in markdown format.
-        """
-        out = io.StringIO()
-        options_summary = options.summary(
-            identifiers=[bi.identifier for bi in self.summary], skip_unset=True
-        )
-        out.write(
-            textwrap.dedent("""\
-                ### 🎡 cibuildwheel
-
-                <details>
-                <summary>
-                Build options
-                </summary>
-
-                ```yaml
-                {options_summary}
-                ```
-
-                </details>
-
-            """).format(options_summary=options_summary)
-        )
-        n_wheels = len([b for b in self.summary if b.filename])
-        wheel_rows = "\n".join(
-            "<tr>"
-            f"<td nowrap>{'<samp>' + b.filename.name + '</samp>' if b.filename else '*Test only*'}</td>"
-            f"<td nowrap>{b.size or 'N/A'}</td>"
-            f"<td nowrap><samp>{b.identifier}</samp></td>"
-            f"<td nowrap>{humanize.naturaldelta(b.duration)}</td>"
-            f"<td nowrap><samp>{b.sha256 or 'N/A'}</samp></td>"
-            "</tr>"
-            for b in self.summary
-        )
-        out.write(
-            textwrap.dedent("""\
-                <table>
-                <thead>
-                <tr>
-                <th align="left">Wheel</th>
-                <th align="left">Size</th>
-                <th align="left">Build identifier</th>
-                <th align="left">Time</th>
-                <th align="left">SHA256</th>
-                </tr>
-                </thead>
-                <tbody>
-                {wheel_rows}
-                </tbody>
-                </table>
-                <div align="right"><sup>{n} wheel{s} created in {duration_str}</sup></div>
-            """).format(
-                wheel_rows=wheel_rows,
-                n=n_wheels,
-                duration_str=humanize.naturaldelta(duration),
-                s="s" if n_wheels > 1 else "",
-            )
-        )
-
-        out.write("\n")
-        out.write("---")
-        out.write("\n")
-        return out.getvalue()
-
     @property
     def colors(self) -> Colors:
         return Colors(enabled=self.colors_enabled)
@@ -373,22 +201,17 @@ def build_description_from_identifier(identifier: str) -> str:
     build_description = ""
 
     python_interpreter = python_identifier[0:2]
-    version_parts = python_identifier[2:].split("_")
+    python_version = python_identifier[2:]
-    python_version = version_parts[0]
 
     if python_interpreter == "cp":
         build_description += "CPython"
     elif python_interpreter == "pp":
         build_description += "PyPy"
-    elif python_interpreter == "gp":
-        build_description += "GraalPy"
     else:
         msg = f"unknown python {python_interpreter!r}"
         raise Exception(msg)
 
     build_description += f" {python_version[0]}.{python_version[1:]} "
-    if len(version_parts) > 1:
-        build_description += f"(ABI {version_parts[1]}) "
 
     try:
         build_description += PLATFORM_IDENTIFIER_DESCRIPTIONS[platform_identifier]
@@ -399,6 +222,32 @@ def build_description_from_identifier(identifier: str) -> str:
     return build_description
 
 
+class Colors:
+    def __init__(self, *, enabled: bool) -> None:
+        self.red = "\033[31m" if enabled else ""
+        self.green = "\033[32m" if enabled else ""
+        self.yellow = "\033[33m" if enabled else ""
+        self.blue = "\033[34m" if enabled else ""
+        self.cyan = "\033[36m" if enabled else ""
+        self.bright_red = "\033[91m" if enabled else ""
+        self.bright_green = "\033[92m" if enabled else ""
+        self.white = "\033[37m\033[97m" if enabled else ""
+        self.gray = "\033[38;5;244m" if enabled else ""
+
+        self.bg_grey = "\033[48;5;235m" if enabled else ""
+
+        self.bold = "\033[1m" if enabled else ""
+        self.faint = "\033[2m" if enabled else ""
+
+        self.end = "\033[0m" if enabled else ""
+
+
+class Symbols:
+    def __init__(self, *, unicode: bool) -> None:
+        self.done = "✓" if unicode else "done"
+        self.error = "✕" if unicode else "failed"
+
+
 def file_supports_color(file_obj: IO[AnyStr]) -> bool:
     """
     Returns True if the running system's terminal supports color.

cibuildwheel/macos.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-import dataclasses
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import contextlib
 import functools
-import inspect
 import os
 import platform
 import re
@@ -8,35 +9,43 @@ import shutil
 import subprocess
 import sys
 import typing
-from collections.abc import Set
+from collections.abc import Sequence, Set
+from dataclasses import dataclass
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Literal, assert_never
+from typing import Literal, Tuple
 
 from filelock import FileLock
-from packaging.version import Version
 
-from .. import errors
+from ._compat.typing import assert_never
-from ..architecture import Architecture
+from .architecture import Architecture
-from ..ci import detect_ci_provider
+from .environment import ParsedEnvironment
-from ..environment import ParsedEnvironment
+from .logger import log
-from ..frontend import BuildFrontendName, get_build_frontend_extra_flags
+from .options import Options
-from ..logger import log
+from .typing import PathOrStr
-from ..options import Options
+from .util import (
-from ..selector import BuildSelector
-from ..util import resources
-from ..util.cmd import call, shell
-from ..util.file import (
     CIBW_CACHE_PATH,
-    copy_test_sources,
+    AlreadyBuiltWheelError,
+    BuildFrontendConfig,
+    BuildFrontendName,
+    BuildSelector,
+    NonPlatformWheelError,
+    call,
+    detect_ci_provider,
     download,
-    move_file,
+    find_compatible_wheel,
+    get_build_verbosity_extra_flags,
+    get_pip_version,
+    install_certifi_script,
+    prepare_command,
+    read_python_configs,
+    shell,
+    split_config_settings,
+    test_fail_cwd_file,
+    unwrap,
+    virtualenv,
 )
-from ..util.helpers import prepare_command, unwrap
-from ..util.packaging import find_compatible_wheel, get_pip_version
-from ..venv import constraint_flags, find_uv, virtualenv
 
 
-@functools.cache
 def get_macos_version() -> tuple[int, int]:
     """
     Returns the macOS major/minor version, as a tuple, e.g. (10, 15) or (11, 0)
@@ -48,27 +57,7 @@ def get_macos_version() -> tuple[int, int]:
     """
     version_str, _, _ = platform.mac_ver()
     version = tuple(map(int, version_str.split(".")[:2]))
-    if (10, 15) < version < (11, 0):
+    return typing.cast(Tuple[int, int], version)
-        # When built against an older macOS SDK, Python will report macOS 10.16
-        # instead of the real version.
-        version_str = call(
-            sys.executable,
-            "-sS",
-            "-c",
-            "import platform; print(platform.mac_ver()[0])",
-            env={"SYSTEM_VERSION_COMPAT": "0"},
-            capture_stdout=True,
-        )
-        version = tuple(map(int, version_str.split(".")[:2]))
-    return typing.cast("tuple[int, int]", version)
-
-
-@functools.cache
-def get_test_macosx_deployment_target() -> str:
-    version = get_macos_version()
-    if version >= (11, 0):
-        return f"{version[0]}.0"
-    return f"{version[0]}.{version[1]}"
 
 
 def get_macos_sdks() -> list[str]:
@@ -76,22 +65,19 @@ def get_macos_sdks() -> list[str]:
     return [m.group(1) for m in re.finditer(r"-sdk (macosx\S+)", output)]
 
 
-@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True, kw_only=True)
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
 class PythonConfiguration:
     version: str
     identifier: str
     url: str
 
 
-def all_python_configurations() -> list[PythonConfiguration]:
-    config_dicts = resources.read_python_configs("macos")
-    return [PythonConfiguration(**item) for item in config_dicts]
-
-
 def get_python_configurations(
     build_selector: BuildSelector, architectures: Set[Architecture]
 ) -> list[PythonConfiguration]:
-    python_configurations = all_python_configurations()
+    full_python_configs = read_python_configs("macos")
+
+    python_configurations = [PythonConfiguration(**item) for item in full_python_configs]
 
     # filter out configs that don't match any of the selected architectures
     python_configurations = [
@@ -103,7 +89,7 @@ def get_python_configurations(
     # skip builds as required by BUILD/SKIP
     python_configurations = [c for c in python_configurations if build_selector(c.identifier)]
 
-    # filter-out some cross-compilation configs with PyPy and GraalPy:
+    # filter-out some cross-compilation configs with PyPy:
     # can't build arm64 on x86_64
     # rosetta allows to build x86_64 on arm64
     if platform.machine() == "x86_64":
@@ -111,7 +97,7 @@ def get_python_configurations(
         python_configurations = [
             c
             for c in python_configurations
-            if not (c.identifier.startswith(("pp", "gp")) and c.identifier.endswith("arm64"))
+            if not (c.identifier.startswith("pp") and c.identifier.endswith("arm64"))
         ]
         removed_elements = python_configurations_before - set(python_configurations)
         if removed_elements:
@@ -119,7 +105,7 @@ def get_python_configurations(
             log.quiet(
                 unwrap(
                     f"""
-                    Note: {ids}  {"was" if len(removed_elements) == 1 else "were"}
+                    Note: {ids}  {'was' if len(removed_elements) == 1 else 'were'}
                     selected, but can't be built on x86_64 so will be skipped automatically.
                     """
                 )
@@ -128,55 +114,35 @@ def get_python_configurations(
     return python_configurations
 
 
-def install_cpython(_tmp: Path, version: str, url: str, free_threading: bool) -> Path:
+def install_cpython(tmp: Path, version: str, url: str) -> Path:
-    ft = "T" if free_threading else ""
+    installation_path = Path(f"/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/{version}")
-    installation_path = Path(f"/Library/Frameworks/Python{ft}.framework/Versions/{version}")
     with FileLock(CIBW_CACHE_PATH / f"cpython{version}.lock"):
         installed_system_packages = call("pkgutil", "--pkgs", capture_stdout=True).splitlines()
         # if this version of python isn't installed, get it from python.org and install
-        python_package_identifier = f"org.python.Python.Python{ft}Framework-{version}"
+        python_package_identifier = f"org.python.Python.PythonFramework-{version}"
         if python_package_identifier not in installed_system_packages:
             if detect_ci_provider() is None:
                 # if running locally, we don't want to install CPython with sudo
                 # let the user know & provide a link to the installer
-                msg = inspect.cleandoc(
+                print(
-                    f"""
+                    f"Error: CPython {version} is not installed.\n"
-                        Framework CPython {version} not detected as installed in:
+                    "cibuildwheel will not perform system-wide installs when running outside of CI.\n"
-                            {installation_path}
+                    f"To build locally, install CPython {version} on this machine, or, disable this version of Python using CIBW_SKIP=cp{version.replace('.', '')}-macosx_*\n"
-                        cibuildwheel will not perform system-wide installs when running outside of CI.
+                    f"\nDownload link: {url}",
-                        To build locally, install CPython {version} on this machine, or, disable this
+                    file=sys.stderr,
-                        version of Python using CIBW_SKIP=cp{version.replace(".", "")}-macosx_*
-                        For portable builds, cibuildwheel needs the official builds from python.org.
-                        Download link: {url}
-                    """
                 )
-                raise errors.FatalError(msg)
+                raise SystemExit(1)
-            python_filename = url.split("/")[-1]
+            pkg_path = tmp / "Python.pkg"
-            pkg_path = CIBW_CACHE_PATH / "cpython-installer" / python_filename
+            # download the pkg
-            if not pkg_path.exists():
+            download(url, pkg_path)
-                download(url, pkg_path)
+            # install
-            args = []
+            call("sudo", "installer", "-pkg", pkg_path, "-target", "/")
-            if version.startswith("3.13"):
-                # Python 3.13 is the first version to have a free-threading option
-                args += ["-applyChoiceChangesXML", str(resources.FREE_THREAD_ENABLE_313.resolve())]
-            elif version.startswith("3.14"):
-                args += ["-applyChoiceChangesXML", str(resources.FREE_THREAD_ENABLE_314.resolve())]
-            call("sudo", "installer", "-pkg", pkg_path, *args, "-target", "/")
             pkg_path.unlink()
             env = os.environ.copy()
             env["PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK"] = "1"
+            call(installation_path / "bin" / "python3", install_certifi_script, env=env)
 
-            if free_threading:
+    return installation_path / "bin" / "python3"
-                call(installation_path / f"bin/python{version}t", "-m", "ensurepip", env=env)
-                call(
-                    installation_path / f"bin/python{version}t",
-                    resources.INSTALL_CERTIFI_SCRIPT,
-                    env=env,
-                )
-            else:
-                call(installation_path / "bin/python3", resources.INSTALL_CERTIFI_SCRIPT, env=env)
-
-    return installation_path / "bin" / (f"python{version}t" if free_threading else "python3")
 
 
 def install_pypy(tmp: Path, url: str) -> Path:
@@ -194,61 +160,28 @@ def install_pypy(tmp: Path, url: str) -> Path:
     return installation_path / "bin" / "pypy3"
 
 
-def install_graalpy(tmp: Path, url: str) -> Path:
-    graalpy_archive = url.rsplit("/", 1)[-1]
-    extension = ".tar.gz"
-    assert graalpy_archive.endswith(extension)
-    installation_path = CIBW_CACHE_PATH / graalpy_archive[: -len(extension)]
-    with FileLock(str(installation_path) + ".lock"):
-        if not installation_path.exists():
-            downloaded_archive = tmp / graalpy_archive
-            download(url, downloaded_archive)
-            installation_path.mkdir(parents=True)
-            # GraalPy top-folder name is inconsistent with archive name
-            call("tar", "-C", installation_path, "--strip-components=1", "-xzf", downloaded_archive)
-            downloaded_archive.unlink()
-    return installation_path / "bin" / "graalpy"
-
-
 def setup_python(
     tmp: Path,
     python_configuration: PythonConfiguration,
-    dependency_constraint: Path | None,
+    dependency_constraint_flags: Sequence[PathOrStr],
     environment: ParsedEnvironment,
     build_frontend: BuildFrontendName,
-) -> tuple[Path, dict[str, str]]:
+) -> dict[str, str]:
-    uv_path = find_uv()
-    use_uv = build_frontend == "build[uv]"
-
     tmp.mkdir()
     implementation_id = python_configuration.identifier.split("-")[0]
     log.step(f"Installing Python {implementation_id}...")
     if implementation_id.startswith("cp"):
-        free_threading = "t-macos" in python_configuration.identifier
+        base_python = install_cpython(tmp, python_configuration.version, python_configuration.url)
-        base_python = install_cpython(
-            tmp, python_configuration.version, python_configuration.url, free_threading
-        )
-
     elif implementation_id.startswith("pp"):
         base_python = install_pypy(tmp, python_configuration.url)
-    elif implementation_id.startswith("gp"):
-        base_python = install_graalpy(tmp, python_configuration.url)
     else:
         msg = "Unknown Python implementation"
         raise ValueError(msg)
-    assert base_python.exists(), (
+    assert base_python.exists()
-        f"{base_python.name} not found, has {list(base_python.parent.iterdir())}"
-    )
 
     log.step("Setting up build environment...")
     venv_path = tmp / "venv"
-    env = virtualenv(
+    env = virtualenv(base_python, venv_path, dependency_constraint_flags)
-        python_configuration.version,
-        base_python,
-        venv_path,
-        dependency_constraint,
-        use_uv=use_uv,
-    )
     venv_bin_path = venv_path / "bin"
     assert venv_bin_path.exists()
     # Fix issue with site.py setting the wrong `sys.prefix`, `sys.exec_prefix`,
@@ -262,26 +195,45 @@ def setup_python(
     # we version pip ourselves, so we don't care about pip version checking
     env["PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK"] = "1"
 
+    # upgrade pip to the version matching our constraints
+    # if necessary, reinstall it to ensure that it's available on PATH as 'pip'
+    call(
+        "python",
+        "-m",
+        "pip",
+        "install",
+        "--upgrade",
+        "pip",
+        *dependency_constraint_flags,
+        env=env,
+        cwd=venv_path,
+    )
+
     # Apply our environment after pip is ready
     env = environment.as_dictionary(prev_environment=env)
 
-    # check what Python version we're on
-    which_python = call("which", "python", env=env, capture_stdout=True).strip()
-    print(which_python)
-    if which_python != str(venv_bin_path / "python"):
-        msg = "python available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert python above it."
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-    call("python", "--version", env=env)
-
     # check what pip version we're on
-    if not use_uv:
+    assert (venv_bin_path / "pip").exists()
-        assert (venv_bin_path / "pip").exists()
+    call("which", "pip", env=env)
-        which_pip = call("which", "pip", env=env, capture_stdout=True).strip()
+    call("pip", "--version", env=env)
-        print(which_pip)
+    which_pip = call("which", "pip", env=env, capture_stdout=True).strip()
-        if which_pip != str(venv_bin_path / "pip"):
+    if which_pip != str(venv_bin_path / "pip"):
-            msg = "pip available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert pip above it."
+        print(
-            raise errors.FatalError(msg)
+            "cibuildwheel: pip available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert pip above it.",
-        call("pip", "--version", env=env)
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    # check what Python version we're on
+    call("which", "python", env=env)
+    call("python", "--version", env=env)
+    which_python = call("which", "python", env=env, capture_stdout=True).strip()
+    if which_python != str(venv_bin_path / "python"):
+        print(
+            "cibuildwheel: python available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert python above it.",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        sys.exit(1)
 
     config_is_arm64 = python_configuration.identifier.endswith("arm64")
     config_is_universal2 = python_configuration.identifier.endswith("universal2")
@@ -289,42 +241,23 @@ def setup_python(
     # Set MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET, if the user didn't set it.
     # For arm64, the minimal deployment target is 11.0.
     # On x86_64 (or universal2), use 10.9 as a default.
-    # CPython 3.12.6+ needs 10.13.
+    # PyPy defaults to 10.7, causing inconsistencies if it's left unset.
-    # CPython 3.14.0 needs 10.15.
+    env.setdefault("MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET", "11.0" if config_is_arm64 else "10.9")
-    if config_is_arm64:
-        default_target = "11.0"
-    elif Version(python_configuration.version) >= Version("3.14"):
-        default_target = "10.15"
-    elif Version(python_configuration.version) >= Version("3.12"):
-        default_target = "10.13"
-    elif python_configuration.identifier.startswith("pp") and Version(
-        python_configuration.version
-    ) >= Version("3.9"):
-        default_target = "10.15"
-    else:
-        default_target = "10.9"
-    env.setdefault("MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET", default_target)
 
-    # This is a floor, it can't be set lower than the default_target.
+    if python_configuration.version not in {"3.6", "3.7"}:
-    if Version(env["MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET"]) < Version(default_target):
+        if config_is_arm64:
-        log.warning(
+            # macOS 11 is the first OS with arm64 support, so the wheels
-            f"Bumping MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET ({env['MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET']}) to the minimum required ({default_target})."
+            # have that as a minimum.
-        )
+            env.setdefault("_PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM", "macosx-11.0-arm64")
-        env["MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET"] = default_target
+            env.setdefault("ARCHFLAGS", "-arch arm64")
-
+        elif config_is_universal2:
-    if config_is_arm64:
+            env.setdefault("_PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM", "macosx-10.9-universal2")
-        # macOS 11 is the first OS with arm64 support, so the wheels
+            env.setdefault("ARCHFLAGS", "-arch arm64 -arch x86_64")
-        # have that as a minimum.
+        elif python_configuration.identifier.endswith("x86_64"):
-        env.setdefault("_PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM", "macosx-11.0-arm64")
+            # even on the macos11.0 Python installer, on the x86_64 side it's
-        env.setdefault("ARCHFLAGS", "-arch arm64")
+            # compatible back to 10.9.
-    elif config_is_universal2:
+            env.setdefault("_PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM", "macosx-10.9-x86_64")
-        env.setdefault("_PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM", "macosx-10.9-universal2")
+            env.setdefault("ARCHFLAGS", "-arch x86_64")
-        env.setdefault("ARCHFLAGS", "-arch arm64 -arch x86_64")
-    elif python_configuration.identifier.endswith("x86_64"):
-        # even on the macos11.0 Python installer, on the x86_64 side it's
-        # compatible back to 10.9.
-        env.setdefault("_PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM", "macosx-10.9-x86_64")
-        env.setdefault("ARCHFLAGS", "-arch x86_64")
 
     building_arm64 = config_is_arm64 or config_is_universal2
     if building_arm64 and get_macos_version() < (10, 16) and "SDKROOT" not in env:
@@ -349,42 +282,31 @@ def setup_python(
             env.setdefault("SDKROOT", arm64_compatible_sdks[0])
 
     log.step("Installing build tools...")
-    match build_frontend:
+    if build_frontend == "pip":
-        case "pip":
+        call(
-            call(
+            "pip",
-                "pip",
+            "install",
-                "install",
+            "--upgrade",
-                "--upgrade",
+            "setuptools",
-                "delocate",
+            "wheel",
-                *constraint_flags(dependency_constraint),
+            "delocate",
-                env=env,
+            *dependency_constraint_flags,
-            )
+            env=env,
-        case "build":
+        )
-            call(
+    elif build_frontend == "build":
-                "pip",
+        call(
-                "install",
+            "pip",
-                "--upgrade",
+            "install",
-                "delocate",
+            "--upgrade",
-                "build[virtualenv]",
+            "delocate",
-                *constraint_flags(dependency_constraint),
+            "build[virtualenv]",
-                env=env,
+            *dependency_constraint_flags,
-            )
+            env=env,
-        case "build[uv]":
+        )
-            assert uv_path is not None
+    else:
-            call(
+        assert_never(build_frontend)
-                uv_path,
-                "pip",
-                "install",
-                "--upgrade",
-                "delocate",
-                "build[virtualenv, uv]",
-                *constraint_flags(dependency_constraint),
-                env=env,
-            )
-        case _:
-            assert_never(build_frontend)
 
-    return base_python, env
+    return env
 
 
 def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
@@ -412,13 +334,7 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
 
         for config in python_configurations:
             build_options = options.build_options(config.identifier)
-            build_frontend = build_options.build_frontend
+            build_frontend = build_options.build_frontend or BuildFrontendConfig("pip")
-            use_uv = build_frontend.name == "build[uv]"
-            uv_path = find_uv()
-            if use_uv and uv_path is None:
-                msg = "uv not found"
-                raise AssertionError(msg)
-            pip = ["pip"] if not use_uv else [str(uv_path), "pip"]
             log.build_start(config.identifier)
 
             identifier_tmp_dir = tmp_path / config.identifier
@@ -429,18 +345,20 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
             config_is_arm64 = config.identifier.endswith("arm64")
             config_is_universal2 = config.identifier.endswith("universal2")
 
-            constraints_path = build_options.dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version(
+            dependency_constraint_flags: Sequence[PathOrStr] = []
-                version=config.version, tmp_dir=identifier_tmp_dir
+            if build_options.dependency_constraints:
-            )
+                dependency_constraint_flags = [
+                    "-c",
+                    build_options.dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version(config.version),
+                ]
 
-            base_python, env = setup_python(
+            env = setup_python(
                 identifier_tmp_dir / "build",
                 config,
-                constraints_path,
+                dependency_constraint_flags,
                 build_options.environment,
                 build_frontend.name,
             )
-            pip_version = None if use_uv else get_pip_version(env)
 
             compatible_wheel = find_compatible_wheel(built_wheels, config.identifier)
             if compatible_wheel:
@@ -460,53 +378,58 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                 log.step("Building wheel...")
                 built_wheel_dir.mkdir()
 
-                extra_flags = get_build_frontend_extra_flags(
+                extra_flags = split_config_settings(
-                    build_frontend, build_options.build_verbosity, build_options.config_settings
+                    build_options.config_settings, build_frontend.name
                 )
+                extra_flags += build_frontend.args
 
-                build_env = env.copy()
+                if build_frontend.name == "pip":
-
+                    extra_flags += get_build_verbosity_extra_flags(build_options.build_verbosity)
-                match build_frontend.name:
+                    # Path.resolve() is needed. Without it pip wheel may try to fetch package from pypi.org
-                    case "pip":
+                    # see https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/pull/369
-                        # Path.resolve() is needed. Without it pip wheel may try to fetch package from pypi.org
+                    call(
-                        # see https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/pull/369
+                        "python",
-                        call(
+                        "-m",
-                            "python",
+                        "pip",
-                            "-m",
+                        "wheel",
-                            "pip",
+                        build_options.package_dir.resolve(),
-                            "wheel",
+                        f"--wheel-dir={built_wheel_dir}",
-                            build_options.package_dir.resolve(),
+                        "--no-deps",
-                            f"--wheel-dir={built_wheel_dir}",
+                        *extra_flags,
-                            "--no-deps",
+                        env=env,
-                            *extra_flags,
+                    )
-                            env=build_env,
+                elif build_frontend.name == "build":
+                    if not 0 <= build_options.build_verbosity < 2:
+                        msg = f"build_verbosity {build_options.build_verbosity} is not supported for build frontend. Ignoring."
+                        log.warning(msg)
+                    build_env = env.copy()
+                    if build_options.dependency_constraints:
+                        constraint_path = (
+                            build_options.dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version(
+                                config.version
+                            )
                         )
-                    case "build" | "build[uv]":
+                        build_env["PIP_CONSTRAINT"] = constraint_path.as_uri()
-                        if (
+                    build_env["VIRTUALENV_PIP"] = get_pip_version(env)
-                            use_uv
+                    call(
-                            and "--no-isolation" not in extra_flags
+                        "python",
-                            and "-n" not in extra_flags
+                        "-m",
-                        ):
+                        "build",
-                            extra_flags.append("--installer=uv")
+                        build_options.package_dir,
-                        call(
+                        "--wheel",
-                            "python",
+                        f"--outdir={built_wheel_dir}",
-                            "-m",
+                        *extra_flags,
-                            "build",
+                        env=build_env,
-                            build_options.package_dir,
+                    )
-                            "--wheel",
+                else:
-                            f"--outdir={built_wheel_dir}",
+                    assert_never(build_frontend)
-                            *extra_flags,
-                            env=build_env,
-                        )
-                    case _:
-                        assert_never(build_frontend)
 
                 built_wheel = next(built_wheel_dir.glob("*.whl"))
 
                 repaired_wheel_dir.mkdir()
 
                 if built_wheel.name.endswith("none-any.whl"):
-                    raise errors.NonPlatformWheelError()
+                    raise NonPlatformWheelError()
 
                 if build_options.repair_command:
                     log.step("Repairing wheel...")
@@ -523,20 +446,15 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                         wheel=built_wheel,
                         dest_dir=repaired_wheel_dir,
                         delocate_archs=delocate_archs,
-                        package=build_options.package_dir,
-                        project=".",
                     )
                     shell(repair_command_prepared, env=env)
                 else:
                     shutil.move(str(built_wheel), repaired_wheel_dir)
 
-                try:
+                repaired_wheel = next(repaired_wheel_dir.glob("*.whl"))
-                    repaired_wheel = next(repaired_wheel_dir.glob("*.whl"))
-                except StopIteration:
-                    raise errors.RepairStepProducedNoWheelError() from None
 
                 if repaired_wheel.name in {wheel.name for wheel in built_wheels}:
-                    raise errors.AlreadyBuiltWheelError(repaired_wheel.name)
+                    raise AlreadyBuiltWheelError(repaired_wheel.name)
 
                 log.step_end()
 
@@ -620,13 +538,17 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                         else f"Testing wheel on {testing_arch}..."
                     )
 
+                    # set up a virtual environment to install and test from, to make sure
+                    # there are no dependencies that were pulled in at build time.
+                    call("pip", "install", "virtualenv", *dependency_constraint_flags, env=env)
+
+                    venv_dir = identifier_tmp_dir / "venv-test"
+
                     arch_prefix = []
-                    uv_arch_args = []
                     if testing_arch != machine_arch:
                         if machine_arch == "arm64" and testing_arch == "x86_64":
                             # rosetta2 will provide the emulation with just the arch prefix.
                             arch_prefix = ["arch", "-x86_64"]
-                            uv_arch_args = ["--python-platform", "x86_64-apple-darwin"]
                         else:
                             msg = f"don't know how to emulate {testing_arch} on {machine_arch}"
                             raise RuntimeError(msg)
@@ -635,27 +557,16 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                     call_with_arch = functools.partial(call, *arch_prefix)
                     shell_with_arch = functools.partial(call, *arch_prefix, "/bin/sh", "-c")
 
-                    # set up a virtual environment to install and test from, to make sure
+                    # Use --no-download to ensure determinism by using seed libraries
-                    # there are no dependencies that were pulled in at build time.
+                    # built into virtualenv
-                    venv_dir = identifier_tmp_dir / f"venv-test-{testing_arch}"
+                    call_with_arch("python", "-m", "virtualenv", "--no-download", venv_dir, env=env)
-                    virtualenv_env = virtualenv(
-                        config.version,
-                        base_python,
-                        venv_dir,
-                        None,
-                        use_uv=use_uv,
-                        env=env,
-                        pip_version=pip_version,
-                    )
-                    if use_uv:
-                        pip_install = functools.partial(call, *pip, "install", *uv_arch_args)
-                    else:
-                        pip_install = functools.partial(call_with_arch, *pip, "install")
 
-                    virtualenv_env["MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET"] = get_test_macosx_deployment_target()
+                    virtualenv_env = env.copy()
-
+                    virtualenv_env["PATH"] = os.pathsep.join(
-                    virtualenv_env = build_options.test_environment.as_dictionary(
+                        [
-                        prev_environment=virtualenv_env
+                            str(venv_dir / "bin"),
+                            virtualenv_env["PATH"],
+                        ]
                     )
 
                     # check that we are using the Python from the virtual environment
@@ -670,33 +581,17 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                         shell_with_arch(before_test_prepared, env=virtualenv_env)
 
                     # install the wheel
-                    if is_cp38 and python_arch == "x86_64":
+                    call_with_arch(
-                        virtualenv_env_install_wheel = virtualenv_env.copy()
+                        "pip",
-                        virtualenv_env_install_wheel["SYSTEM_VERSION_COMPAT"] = "0"
+                        "install",
-                        log.notice(
-                            unwrap(
-                                """
-                                Setting SYSTEM_VERSION_COMPAT=0 to ensure CPython 3.8 can get
-                                correct macOS version and allow installation of wheels with
-                                MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET >= 11.0.
-                                See https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/issues/1767 for the
-                                details.
-                                """
-                            )
-                        )
-                    else:
-                        virtualenv_env_install_wheel = virtualenv_env
-
-                    pip_install(
                         f"{repaired_wheel}{build_options.test_extras}",
-                        env=virtualenv_env_install_wheel,
+                        env=virtualenv_env,
                     )
 
                     # test the wheel
                     if build_options.test_requires:
-                        pip_install(
+                        call_with_arch(
-                            *build_options.test_requires,
+                            "pip", "install", *build_options.test_requires, env=virtualenv_env
-                            env=virtualenv_env_install_wheel,
                         )
 
                     # run the tests from a temp dir, with an absolute path in the command
@@ -704,48 +599,31 @@ def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
                     # and not the repo code)
                     test_command_prepared = prepare_command(
                         build_options.test_command,
-                        project=Path.cwd(),
+                        project=Path(".").resolve(),
                         package=build_options.package_dir.resolve(),
                         wheel=repaired_wheel,
                     )
 
                     test_cwd = identifier_tmp_dir / "test_cwd"
-
+                    test_cwd.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
-                    if build_options.test_sources:
+                    (test_cwd / "test_fail.py").write_text(test_fail_cwd_file.read_text())
-                        # only create test_cwd if it doesn't already exist - it
-                        # may have been created during a previous `testing_arch`
-                        if not test_cwd.exists():
-                            test_cwd.mkdir()
-                            copy_test_sources(
-                                build_options.test_sources,
-                                Path.cwd(),
-                                test_cwd,
-                            )
-                    else:
-                        # Use the test_fail.py file to raise a nice error if the user
-                        # tries to run tests in the cwd
-                        test_cwd.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
-                        (test_cwd / "test_fail.py").write_text(
-                            resources.TEST_FAIL_CWD_FILE.read_text()
-                        )
 
                     shell_with_arch(test_command_prepared, cwd=test_cwd, env=virtualenv_env)
 
             # we're all done here; move it to output (overwrite existing)
-            output_wheel = None
             if compatible_wheel is None:
-                output_wheel = build_options.output_dir.joinpath(repaired_wheel.name)
+                with contextlib.suppress(FileNotFoundError):
-                moved_wheel = move_file(repaired_wheel, output_wheel)
+                    (build_options.output_dir / repaired_wheel.name).unlink()
-                if moved_wheel != output_wheel.resolve():
+
-                    log.warning(
+                shutil.move(str(repaired_wheel), build_options.output_dir)
-                        f"{repaired_wheel} was moved to {moved_wheel} instead of {output_wheel}"
+                built_wheels.append(build_options.output_dir / repaired_wheel.name)
-                    )
-                built_wheels.append(output_wheel)
 
             # clean up
             shutil.rmtree(identifier_tmp_dir)
 
-            log.build_end(output_wheel)
+            log.build_end()
     except subprocess.CalledProcessError as error:
-        msg = f"Command {error.cmd} failed with code {error.returncode}. {error.stdout or ''}"
+        log.step_end_with_error(
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg) from error
+            f"Command {error.cmd} failed with code {error.returncode}. {error.stdout}"
+        )
+        sys.exit(1)

cibuildwheel/oci_container.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-import dataclasses
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import io
 import json
 import os
@@ -7,67 +8,35 @@ import shlex
 import shutil
 import subprocess
 import sys
-import textwrap
 import typing
 import uuid
 from collections.abc import Mapping, Sequence
-from enum import Enum
+from dataclasses import dataclass
 from pathlib import Path, PurePath, PurePosixPath
 from types import TracebackType
-from typing import IO, Literal, Self, assert_never
+from typing import IO, Dict, Literal
 
-from .ci import CIProvider, detect_ci_provider
+from ._compat.typing import Self
-from .errors import OCIEngineTooOldError
+from .typing import PathOrStr, PopenBytes
-from .logger import log
+from .util import (
-from .typing import PathOrStr
+    CIProvider,
-from .util.cmd import call
+    call,
-from .util.helpers import FlexibleVersion, parse_key_value_string, strtobool
+    detect_ci_provider,
+    parse_key_value_string,
+    strtobool,
+)
 
 ContainerEngineName = Literal["docker", "podman"]
 
 
-# Order of the enum matters for tests. 386 shall appear before amd64.
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
-class OCIPlatform(Enum):
-    i386 = "linux/386"
-    AMD64 = "linux/amd64"
-    ARMV7 = "linux/arm/v7"
-    ARM64 = "linux/arm64"
-    PPC64LE = "linux/ppc64le"
-    RISCV64 = "linux/riscv64"
-    S390X = "linux/s390x"
-
-    @classmethod
-    def native(cls) -> "OCIPlatform":
-        """Return the current OCI platform, or raise ValueError if unknown."""
-        arch = platform.machine().lower()
-        mapping = {
-            "i386": cls.i386,
-            "i686": cls.i386,
-            "x86_64": cls.AMD64,
-            "amd64": cls.AMD64,
-            "armv7l": cls.ARMV7,
-            "aarch64": cls.ARM64,
-            "arm64": cls.ARM64,
-            "ppc64le": cls.PPC64LE,
-            "riscv64": cls.RISCV64,
-            "s390x": cls.S390X,
-        }
-        try:
-            return mapping[arch]
-        except KeyError as ex:
-            msg = f"Unsupported platform architecture: {arch}"
-            raise OSError(msg) from ex
-
-
-@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
 class OCIContainerEngineConfig:
     name: ContainerEngineName
-    _: dataclasses.KW_ONLY
+    create_args: Sequence[str] = ()
-    create_args: tuple[str, ...] = dataclasses.field(default_factory=tuple)
     disable_host_mount: bool = False
 
-    @classmethod
+    @staticmethod
-    def from_config_string(cls, config_string: str) -> Self:
+    def from_config_string(config_string: str) -> OCIContainerEngineConfig:
         config_dict = parse_key_value_string(
             config_string,
             ["name"],
@@ -78,7 +47,7 @@ class OCIContainerEngineConfig:
             msg = f"unknown container engine {name}"
             raise ValueError(msg)
 
-        name = typing.cast("ContainerEngineName", name)
+        name = typing.cast(ContainerEngineName, name)
         # some flexibility in the option names to cope with TOML conventions
         create_args = config_dict.get("create_args") or config_dict.get("create-args") or []
         disable_host_mount_options = (
@@ -87,17 +56,10 @@ class OCIContainerEngineConfig:
         disable_host_mount = (
             strtobool(disable_host_mount_options[-1]) if disable_host_mount_options else False
         )
-        if "--platform" in create_args or any(arg.startswith("--platform=") for arg in create_args):
-            msg = "Using '--platform' in 'container-engine::create_args' is deprecated. It will be ignored."
-            log.warning(msg)
-            if "--platform" in create_args:
-                index = create_args.index("--platform")
-                create_args.pop(index)
-                create_args.pop(index)
-            else:
-                create_args = [arg for arg in create_args if not arg.startswith("--platform=")]
 
-        return cls(name=name, create_args=tuple(create_args), disable_host_mount=disable_host_mount)
+        return OCIContainerEngineConfig(
+            name=name, create_args=create_args, disable_host_mount=disable_host_mount
+        )
 
     def options_summary(self) -> str | dict[str, str]:
         if not self.create_args:
@@ -113,58 +75,6 @@ class OCIContainerEngineConfig:
 DEFAULT_ENGINE = OCIContainerEngineConfig("docker")
 
 
-def _check_engine_version(engine: OCIContainerEngineConfig) -> None:
-    try:
-        version_string = call(engine.name, "version", "-f", "{{json .}}", capture_stdout=True)
-        # We are using lowercase keys for all dicts so we are not affected by casing of keys
-        version_info = json.loads(
-            version_string.strip(), object_pairs_hook=lambda inp: {k.lower(): v for k, v in inp}
-        )
-        match engine.name:
-            case "docker":
-                client_api_version = FlexibleVersion(version_info["client"]["apiversion"])
-                server_api_version = FlexibleVersion(version_info["server"]["apiversion"])
-                # --platform support was introduced in 1.32 as experimental, 1.41 removed the experimental flag
-                version = min(client_api_version, server_api_version)
-                minimum_version = FlexibleVersion("1.41")
-                minimum_version_str = "20.10.0"  # docker version
-                error_msg = textwrap.dedent(
-                    f"""
-                    Build failed because {engine.name} is too old.
-
-                    cibuildwheel requires {engine.name}>={minimum_version_str} running API version {minimum_version}.
-                    The API version found by cibuildwheel is {version}.
-                    """
-                )
-            case "podman":
-                # podman uses the same version string for "Version" & "ApiVersion"
-                client_version = FlexibleVersion(version_info["client"]["version"])
-                if "server" in version_info:
-                    server_version = FlexibleVersion(version_info["server"]["version"])
-                else:
-                    server_version = client_version
-                # --platform support was introduced in v3
-                version = min(client_version, server_version)
-                minimum_version = FlexibleVersion("3")
-                error_msg = textwrap.dedent(
-                    f"""
-                    Build failed because {engine.name} is too old.
-
-                    cibuildwheel requires {engine.name}>={minimum_version}.
-                    The version found by cibuildwheel is {version}.
-                    """
-                )
-            case _:
-                assert_never(engine.name)
-
-        if version < minimum_version:
-            raise OCIEngineTooOldError(error_msg) from None
-
-    except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, KeyError, ValueError) as e:
-        msg = f"Build failed because {engine.name} is too old or is not working properly."
-        raise OCIEngineTooOldError(msg) from e
-
-
 class OCIContainer:
     """
     An object that represents a running OCI (e.g. Docker) container.
@@ -177,28 +87,20 @@ class OCIContainer:
     back to cibuildwheel.
 
     Example:
-        >>> # xdoctest: +REQUIRES(LINUX)
         >>> from cibuildwheel.oci_container import *  # NOQA
         >>> from cibuildwheel.options import _get_pinned_container_images
-        >>> import pytest
-        >>> try:
-        ...     oci_platform = OCIPlatform.native()
-        ... except OSError as ex:
-        ...     pytest.skip(str(ex))
-        >>> if oci_platform != OCIPlatform.AMD64:
-        ...     pytest.skip('only runs on amd64')
         >>> image = _get_pinned_container_images()['x86_64']['manylinux2014']
         >>> # Test the default container
-        >>> with OCIContainer(image=image, oci_platform=oci_platform) as self:
+        >>> with OCIContainer(image=image) as self:
         ...     self.call(["echo", "hello world"])
         ...     self.call(["cat", "/proc/1/cgroup"])
         ...     print(self.get_environment())
         ...     print(self.debug_info())
     """
 
-    UTILITY_PYTHON = "/opt/python/cp39-cp39/bin/python"
+    UTILITY_PYTHON = "/opt/python/cp38-cp38/bin/python"
 
-    process: subprocess.Popen[bytes]
+    process: PopenBytes
     bash_stdin: IO[bytes]
     bash_stdout: IO[bytes]
 
@@ -206,7 +108,7 @@ class OCIContainer:
         self,
         *,
         image: str,
-        oci_platform: OCIPlatform,
+        enforce_32_bit: bool = False,
         cwd: PathOrStr | None = None,
         engine: OCIContainerEngineConfig = DEFAULT_ENGINE,
     ):
@@ -215,48 +117,14 @@ class OCIContainer:
             raise ValueError(msg)
 
         self.image = image
-        self.oci_platform = oci_platform
+        self.enforce_32_bit = enforce_32_bit
         self.cwd = cwd
         self.name: str | None = None
         self.engine = engine
-        self.host_tar_format = ""
-        if sys.platform.startswith("darwin"):
-            self.host_tar_format = "--format gnutar"
-
-    def _get_platform_args(self, *, oci_platform: OCIPlatform | None = None) -> tuple[str, str]:
-        if oci_platform is None:
-            oci_platform = self.oci_platform
-
-        # we need '--pull=always' otherwise some images with the wrong platform get reused (e.g. 386 image for amd64)
-        # c.f. https://github.com/moby/moby/issues/48197#issuecomment-2282802313
-        pull = "always"
-        try:
-            image_platform = call(
-                self.engine.name,
-                "image",
-                "inspect",
-                self.image,
-                "--format",
-                (
-                    "{{.Os}}/{{.Architecture}}/{{.Variant}}"
-                    if len(oci_platform.value.split("/")) == 3
-                    else "{{.Os}}/{{.Architecture}}"
-                ),
-                capture_stdout=True,
-            ).strip()
-            if image_platform == oci_platform.value:
-                # in case the correct image is already present, don't pull
-                # this allows to run local only images
-                pull = "never"
-        except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
-            pass
-        return f"--platform={oci_platform.value}", f"--pull={pull}"
 
     def __enter__(self) -> Self:
         self.name = f"cibuildwheel-{uuid.uuid4()}"
 
-        _check_engine_version(self.engine)
-
         # work-around for Travis-CI PPC64le Docker runs since 2021:
         # this avoids network splits
         # https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/issues/904
@@ -265,30 +133,15 @@ class OCIContainer:
         if detect_ci_provider() == CIProvider.travis_ci and platform.machine() == "ppc64le":
             network_args = ["--network=host"]
 
-        platform_args = self._get_platform_args()
-
         simulate_32_bit = False
-        if self.oci_platform in {OCIPlatform.i386, OCIPlatform.ARMV7}:
+        if self.enforce_32_bit:
             # If the architecture running the image is already the right one
             # or the image entrypoint takes care of enforcing this, then we don't need to
             # simulate this
-            run_cmd = [self.engine.name, "run", "--rm"]
+            container_machine = call(
-            ctr_cmd = ["uname", "-m"]
+                self.engine.name, "run", "--rm", self.image, "uname", "-m", capture_stdout=True
-            try:
+            ).strip()
-                container_machine = call(
+            simulate_32_bit = container_machine != "i686"
-                    *run_cmd, *platform_args, self.image, *ctr_cmd, capture_stdout=True
-                ).strip()
-            except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
-                if self.oci_platform == OCIPlatform.i386:
-                    # The image might have been built with amd64 architecture
-                    # Let's try that
-                    platform_args = self._get_platform_args(oci_platform=OCIPlatform.AMD64)
-                    container_machine = call(
-                        *run_cmd, *platform_args, self.image, *ctr_cmd, capture_stdout=True
-                    ).strip()
-                else:
-                    raise
-            simulate_32_bit = container_machine not in {"i686", "armv7l", "armv8l"}
 
         shell_args = ["linux32", "/bin/bash"] if simulate_32_bit else ["/bin/bash"]
 
@@ -302,7 +155,6 @@ class OCIContainer:
                 "--interactive",
                 *(["--volume=/:/host"] if not self.engine.disable_host_mount else []),
                 *network_args,
-                *platform_args,
                 *self.engine.create_args,
                 self.image,
                 *shell_args,
@@ -369,17 +221,21 @@ class OCIContainer:
             self.name = None
 
     def copy_into(self, from_path: Path, to_path: PurePath) -> None:
+        # `docker cp` causes 'no space left on device' error when
+        # a container is running and the host filesystem is
+        # mounted. https://github.com/moby/moby/issues/38995
+        # Use `docker exec` instead.
+
         if from_path.is_dir():
             self.call(["mkdir", "-p", to_path])
             subprocess.run(
-                f"tar -c {self.host_tar_format} -f - . | {self.engine.name} exec -i {self.name} tar --no-same-owner -xC {shell_quote(to_path)} -f -",
+                f"tar cf - . | {self.engine.name} exec -i {self.name} tar --no-same-owner -xC {shell_quote(to_path)} -f -",
                 shell=True,
                 check=True,
                 cwd=from_path,
             )
         else:
             exec_process: subprocess.Popen[bytes]
-            self.call(["mkdir", "-p", to_path.parent])
             with subprocess.Popen(
                 [
                     self.engine.name,
@@ -394,7 +250,8 @@ class OCIContainer:
             ) as exec_process:
                 assert exec_process.stdin
                 with open(from_path, "rb") as from_file:
-                    shutil.copyfileobj(from_file, exec_process.stdin)
+                    # Bug in mypy, https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/15031
+                    shutil.copyfileobj(from_file, exec_process.stdin)  # type: ignore[misc]
 
                 exec_process.stdin.close()
                 exec_process.wait()
@@ -407,7 +264,30 @@ class OCIContainer:
     def copy_out(self, from_path: PurePath, to_path: Path) -> None:
         # note: we assume from_path is a dir
         to_path.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-        call(self.engine.name, "cp", f"{self.name}:{from_path}/.", to_path)
+
+        if self.engine.name == "podman":
+            subprocess.run(
+                [
+                    self.engine.name,
+                    "cp",
+                    f"{self.name}:{from_path}/.",
+                    str(to_path),
+                ],
+                check=True,
+                cwd=to_path,
+            )
+        elif self.engine.name == "docker":
+            # There is a bug in docker that prevents a simple 'cp' invocation
+            # from working https://github.com/moby/moby/issues/38995
+            command = f"{self.engine.name} exec -i {self.name} tar -cC {shell_quote(from_path)} -f - . | tar -xf -"
+            subprocess.run(
+                command,
+                shell=True,
+                check=True,
+                cwd=to_path,
+            )
+        else:
+            raise KeyError(self.engine.name)
 
     def glob(self, path: PurePosixPath, pattern: str) -> list[PurePosixPath]:
         glob_pattern = path.joinpath(pattern)
@@ -518,7 +398,7 @@ class OCIContainer:
                 capture_output=True,
             )
         )
-        return typing.cast("dict[str, str]", env)
+        return typing.cast(Dict[str, str], env)
 
     def environment_executor(self, command: Sequence[str], environment: dict[str, str]) -> str:
         # used as an EnvironmentExecutor to evaluate commands and capture output

cibuildwheel/platforms/__init__.py

@@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import sys
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Final, Protocol
-
-from cibuildwheel import errors
-from cibuildwheel.platforms import android, ios, linux, macos, pyodide, windows
-
-if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from collections.abc import Sequence
-    from pathlib import Path
-
-    from cibuildwheel.architecture import Architecture
-    from cibuildwheel.options import Options
-    from cibuildwheel.selector import BuildSelector
-    from cibuildwheel.typing import GenericPythonConfiguration, PlatformName
-
-
-class PlatformModule(Protocol):
-    # note that as per PEP544, the self argument is ignored when the protocol
-    # is applied to a module
-    def all_python_configurations(self) -> Sequence[GenericPythonConfiguration]: ...
-
-    def get_python_configurations(
-        self, build_selector: BuildSelector, architectures: set[Architecture]
-    ) -> Sequence[GenericPythonConfiguration]: ...
-
-    def build(self, options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None: ...
-
-
-ALL_PLATFORM_MODULES: Final[dict[PlatformName, PlatformModule]] = {
-    "linux": linux,
-    "windows": windows,
-    "macos": macos,
-    "pyodide": pyodide,
-    "android": android,
-    "ios": ios,
-}
-
-
-def native_platform() -> PlatformName:
-    if sys.platform.startswith("linux"):
-        return "linux"
-    elif sys.platform == "darwin":
-        return "macos"
-    elif sys.platform == "win32":
-        return "windows"
-    else:
-        msg = (
-            'Unable to detect platform from "sys.platform". cibuildwheel doesn\'t '
-            "support building wheels for this platform. You might be able to build for a different "
-            "platform using the --platform argument. Check --help output for more information."
-        )
-        raise errors.ConfigurationError(msg)
-
-
-def get_build_identifiers(
-    platform_module: PlatformModule,
-    build_selector: BuildSelector,
-    architectures: set[Architecture],
-) -> list[str]:
-    python_configurations = platform_module.get_python_configurations(build_selector, architectures)
-    return [config.identifier for config in python_configurations]

cibuildwheel/platforms/android.py

@@ -1,733 +0,0 @@
-import csv
-import hashlib
-import os
-import platform
-import re
-import shlex
-import shutil
-import subprocess
-import sysconfig
-from collections.abc import Iterable, Iterator, MutableMapping
-from dataclasses import dataclass
-from os.path import relpath
-from pathlib import Path
-from pprint import pprint
-from runpy import run_path
-from textwrap import dedent
-from typing import Any
-
-from build import ProjectBuilder
-from build.env import IsolatedEnv
-from elftools.common.exceptions import ELFError
-from elftools.elf.elffile import ELFFile
-from filelock import FileLock
-
-from .. import errors, platforms  # pylint: disable=cyclic-import
-from ..architecture import Architecture, arch_synonym
-from ..frontend import get_build_frontend_extra_flags, parse_config_settings
-from ..logger import log
-from ..options import BuildOptions, Options
-from ..selector import BuildSelector
-from ..util import resources
-from ..util.cmd import call, shell
-from ..util.file import CIBW_CACHE_PATH, copy_test_sources, download, move_file
-from ..util.helpers import prepare_command
-from ..util.packaging import find_compatible_wheel
-from ..util.python_build_standalone import create_python_build_standalone_environment
-from ..venv import constraint_flags, find_uv, virtualenv
-
-ANDROID_TRIPLET = {
-    "arm64_v8a": "aarch64-linux-android",
-    "x86_64": "x86_64-linux-android",
-}
-
-
-def parse_identifier(identifier: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
-    match = re.fullmatch(r"cp(\d)(\d+)-android_(.+)", identifier)
-    if not match:
-        msg = f"invalid Android identifier: '{identifier}'"
-        raise ValueError(msg)
-    major, minor, arch = match.groups()
-    return (f"{major}.{minor}", arch)
-
-
-def android_triplet(identifier: str) -> str:
-    return ANDROID_TRIPLET[parse_identifier(identifier)[1]]
-
-
-@dataclass(frozen=True)
-class PythonConfiguration:
-    version: str
-    identifier: str
-    url: str
-
-    @property
-    def arch(self) -> str:
-        return parse_identifier(self.identifier)[1]
-
-
-def all_python_configurations() -> list[PythonConfiguration]:
-    return [PythonConfiguration(**item) for item in resources.read_python_configs("android")]
-
-
-def get_python_configurations(
-    build_selector: BuildSelector, architectures: set[Architecture]
-) -> list[PythonConfiguration]:
-    return [
-        c
-        for c in all_python_configurations()
-        if c.arch in architectures and build_selector(c.identifier)
-    ]
-
-
-def shell_prepared(command: str, *, build_options: BuildOptions, env: dict[str, str]) -> None:
-    shell(
-        prepare_command(command, project=".", package=build_options.package_dir),
-        env=env,
-    )
-
-
-def before_all(options: Options, python_configurations: list[PythonConfiguration]) -> None:
-    before_all_options = options.build_options(python_configurations[0].identifier)
-    if before_all_options.before_all:
-        log.step("Running before_all...")
-        shell_prepared(
-            before_all_options.before_all,
-            build_options=before_all_options,
-            env=before_all_options.environment.as_dictionary(os.environ),
-        )
-
-
-@dataclass(frozen=True)
-class BuildState:
-    config: PythonConfiguration
-    options: BuildOptions
-    build_path: Path
-    python_dir: Path
-    build_env: dict[str, str]
-    android_env: dict[str, str]
-
-
-def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
-    if "ANDROID_HOME" not in os.environ:
-        msg = (
-            "ANDROID_HOME environment variable is not set. For instructions, see "
-            "https://cibuildwheel.pypa.io/en/stable/platforms/#android"
-        )
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-
-    configs = get_python_configurations(
-        options.globals.build_selector, options.globals.architectures
-    )
-    if not configs:
-        return
-
-    try:
-        before_all(options, configs)
-
-        built_wheels: list[Path] = []
-        for config in configs:
-            log.build_start(config.identifier)
-            build_options = options.build_options(config.identifier)
-            build_path = tmp_path / config.identifier
-            build_path.mkdir()
-            python_dir = setup_target_python(config, build_path)
-            build_env, android_env = setup_env(config, build_options, build_path, python_dir)
-            state = BuildState(
-                config, build_options, build_path, python_dir, build_env, android_env
-            )
-
-            compatible_wheel = find_compatible_wheel(built_wheels, config.identifier)
-            if compatible_wheel:
-                print(
-                    f"\nFound previously built wheel {compatible_wheel.name} that is "
-                    f"compatible with {config.identifier}. Skipping build step..."
-                )
-                repaired_wheel = compatible_wheel
-            else:
-                before_build(state)
-                built_wheel = build_wheel(state)
-                repaired_wheel = repair_wheel(state, built_wheel)
-
-            test_wheel(state, repaired_wheel, build_frontend=build_options.build_frontend.name)
-
-            output_wheel: Path | None = None
-            if compatible_wheel is None:
-                output_wheel = move_file(
-                    repaired_wheel, build_options.output_dir / repaired_wheel.name
-                )
-                built_wheels.append(output_wheel)
-
-            shutil.rmtree(build_path)
-            log.build_end(output_wheel)
-
-    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as error:
-        msg = f"Command {error.cmd} failed with code {error.returncode}. {error.stdout or ''}"
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg) from error
-
-
-def setup_target_python(config: PythonConfiguration, build_path: Path) -> Path:
-    log.step("Installing target Python...")
-    python_tgz = CIBW_CACHE_PATH / config.url.rpartition("/")[-1]
-    with FileLock(f"{python_tgz}.lock"):
-        if not python_tgz.exists():
-            download(config.url, python_tgz)
-
-    python_dir = build_path / "python"
-    python_dir.mkdir()
-    shutil.unpack_archive(python_tgz, python_dir)
-    return python_dir
-
-
-def setup_env(
-    config: PythonConfiguration, build_options: BuildOptions, build_path: Path, python_dir: Path
-) -> tuple[dict[str, str], dict[str, str]]:
-    """
-    Returns two environment dicts, both pointing at the same virtual environment:
-
-    * build_env, which uses the environment normally.
-    * android_env, which uses the environment while simulating running on Android.
-    """
-    log.step("Setting up build environment...")
-    build_frontend = build_options.build_frontend.name
-    use_uv = build_frontend == "build[uv]"
-    uv_path = find_uv()
-    if use_uv and uv_path is None:
-        msg = "uv not found"
-        raise AssertionError(msg)
-    pip = ["pip"] if not use_uv else [str(uv_path), "pip"]
-
-    # Create virtual environment
-    python_exe = create_python_build_standalone_environment(
-        config.version, build_path, CIBW_CACHE_PATH
-    )
-    venv_dir = build_path / "venv"
-    dependency_constraint = build_options.dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version(
-        version=config.version, tmp_dir=build_path
-    )
-    build_env = virtualenv(
-        config.version, python_exe, venv_dir, dependency_constraint, use_uv=use_uv
-    )
-    create_cmake_toolchain(config, build_path, python_dir, build_env)
-
-    # Apply custom environment variables, and check environment is still valid
-    build_env = build_options.environment.as_dictionary(build_env)
-    build_env["PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK"] = "1"
-    for command in ["python"] if use_uv else ["python", "pip"]:
-        command_path = call("which", command, env=build_env, capture_stdout=True).strip()
-        if command_path != f"{venv_dir}/bin/{command}":
-            msg = (
-                f"{command} available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. If you "
-                f"have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry "
-                f"or insert {command} above it."
-            )
-            raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-        call(command, "--version", env=build_env)
-
-    # Construct an altered environment which simulates running on Android.
-    android_env = setup_android_env(config, python_dir, venv_dir, build_env)
-
-    # Install build tools
-    if build_frontend not in {"build", "build[uv]"}:
-        msg = "Android requires the build frontend to be 'build'"
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-    call(*pip, "install", "build", *constraint_flags(dependency_constraint), env=build_env)
-
-    # Build-time requirements must be queried within android_env, because
-    # `get_requires_for_build` can run arbitrary code in setup.py scripts, which may be
-    # affected by the target platform. However, the requirements must be installed
-    # within build_env, because they're going to run on the build machine.
-    #
-    # The `build` CLI doesn't support this combination, so we use its API to query the
-    # requirements, and then install them ourselves with pip. We'll later run `build` in
-    # the same environment, passing the `--no-isolation` option.
-    class AndroidEnv(IsolatedEnv):
-        @property
-        def python_executable(self) -> str:
-            return f"{venv_dir}/bin/python"
-
-        def make_extra_environ(self) -> dict[str, str]:
-            return android_env
-
-    pb = ProjectBuilder.from_isolated_env(AndroidEnv(), build_options.package_dir)
-    if pb.build_system_requires:
-        call(*pip, "install", *pb.build_system_requires, env=build_env)
-
-    requires_for_build = pb.get_requires_for_build(
-        "wheel", parse_config_settings(build_options.config_settings)
-    )
-    if requires_for_build:
-        call(*pip, "install", *requires_for_build, env=build_env)
-
-    return build_env, android_env
-
-
-def create_cmake_toolchain(
-    config: PythonConfiguration, build_path: Path, python_dir: Path, build_env: dict[str, str]
-) -> None:
-    toolchain_path = build_path / "toolchain.cmake"
-    build_env["CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE"] = str(toolchain_path)
-    with open(toolchain_path, "w", encoding="UTF-8") as toolchain_file:
-        print(
-            dedent(
-                f"""\
-                # To support as many build systems as possible, we use environment
-                # variables as the single source of truth for compiler flags and paths,
-                # so they don't need to be specified here.
-
-                set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Android)
-                set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR {android_triplet(config.identifier).split("-")[0]})
-
-                # Inhibit all of CMake's own NDK handling code.
-                set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION 1)
-
-                # Tell CMake where to look for headers and libraries.
-                set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH "{python_dir}/prefix")
-                set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER)
-                set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY ONLY)
-                set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE ONLY)
-                set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PACKAGE BOTH)
-
-                # Allow CMake to run Python in the simulated Android environment when
-                # policy CMP0190 is active.
-                set(CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING_EMULATOR /bin/sh -c [["$0" "$@"]])
-                """
-            ),
-            file=toolchain_file,
-        )
-
-
-def localize_sysconfigdata(
-    python_dir: Path, build_env: dict[str, str], sysconfigdata_path: Path
-) -> dict[str, Any]:
-    sysconfigdata: dict[str, Any] = run_path(str(sysconfigdata_path))["build_time_vars"]
-    with sysconfigdata_path.open("w", encoding="UTF-8") as f:
-        f.write("# Generated by cibuildwheel\n")
-        f.write("build_time_vars = ")
-        sysconfigdata = localized_vars(build_env, sysconfigdata, python_dir / "prefix")
-        pprint(sysconfigdata, stream=f, compact=True)
-        return sysconfigdata
-
-
-def localized_vars(
-    build_env: dict[str, str], orig_vars: dict[str, Any], prefix: Path
-) -> dict[str, Any]:
-    orig_prefix = orig_vars["prefix"]
-    localized_vars_ = {}
-    for key, value in orig_vars.items():
-        # The host's sysconfigdata will include references to build-time paths.
-        # Update these to refer to the current prefix.
-        final = value
-        if isinstance(final, str):
-            final = final.replace(orig_prefix, str(prefix))
-
-        if key == "ANDROID_API_LEVEL":
-            if api_level := build_env.get(key):
-                final = int(api_level)
-
-        # Build systems vary in whether FLAGS variables are read from sysconfig, and if so,
-        # whether they're replaced by environment variables or combined with them. Even
-        # setuptools has changed its behavior here
-        # (https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/issues/4836).
-        #
-        # Ensure consistency by clearing the sysconfig variables and letting the environment
-        # variables take effect alone. This will also work for any non-Python build systems
-        # which the build script may call.
-        elif key in ["CFLAGS", "CXXFLAGS", "LDFLAGS"]:
-            final = ""
-
-        # These variables contain an embedded copy of LDFLAGS.
-        elif key in ["LDSHARED", "LDCXXSHARED"]:
-            final = final.removesuffix(" " + orig_vars["LDFLAGS"])
-
-        localized_vars_[key] = final
-
-    return localized_vars_
-
-
-def setup_android_env(
-    config: PythonConfiguration, python_dir: Path, venv_dir: Path, build_env: dict[str, str]
-) -> dict[str, str]:
-    site_packages = next(venv_dir.glob("lib/python*/site-packages"))
-    for suffix in ["pth", "py"]:
-        shutil.copy(resources.PATH / f"_cross_venv.{suffix}", site_packages)
-
-    sysconfigdata_path = Path(
-        shutil.copy(
-            next(python_dir.glob("prefix/lib/python*/_sysconfigdata_*.py")),
-            site_packages,
-        )
-    )
-    sysconfigdata = localize_sysconfigdata(python_dir, build_env, sysconfigdata_path)
-
-    # Activate the code in _cross_venv.py.
-    android_env = build_env.copy()
-    android_env["CIBW_HOST_TRIPLET"] = android_triplet(config.identifier)
-
-    # Get the environment variables needed to build for Android (CC, CFLAGS, etc). These are
-    # generated by https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/Android/android-env.sh.
-    env_output = call(python_dir / "android.py", "env", env=build_env, capture_stdout=True)
-
-    # shlex.split should produce a sequence alternating between:
-    #   * the word "export"
-    #   * a key=value string, without quotes
-    for i, token in enumerate(shlex.split(env_output)):
-        if i % 2 == 0:
-            assert token == "export", token
-        else:
-            key, sep, value = token.partition("=")
-            assert sep == "=", token
-            android_env[key] = value
-
-    # localized_vars cleared the CFLAGS and CXXFLAGS in the sysconfigdata, but most
-    # packages take their optimization flags from these variables. Pass these flags via
-    # environment variables instead.
-    #
-    # We don't enable debug information, because it significantly increases binary size,
-    # and most Android app developers don't have the NDK installed, so they would have no
-    # way to strip it.
-    opt = " ".join(word for word in sysconfigdata["OPT"].split() if not word.startswith("-g"))
-    for key in ["CFLAGS", "CXXFLAGS"]:
-        android_env[key] += " " + opt
-
-    # Cargo target linker needs to be specified after CC is set
-    setup_rust(config, python_dir, android_env)
-
-    # Format the environment so it can be pasted into a shell when debugging.
-    for key, value in sorted(android_env.items()):
-        if os.environ.get(key) != value:
-            print(f"export {key}={shlex.quote(value)}")
-
-    return android_env
-
-
-def setup_rust(
-    config: PythonConfiguration,
-    python_dir: Path,
-    env: MutableMapping[str, str],
-) -> None:
-    cargo_target = android_triplet(config.identifier)
-
-    # CARGO_BUILD_TARGET is the variable used by Cargo and setuptools_rust
-    env["CARGO_BUILD_TARGET"] = cargo_target
-
-    # The linker needs to be specified after CC is set by android-env.sh
-    cargo_target_linker_env_name = f"CARGO_TARGET_{cargo_target.upper().replace('-', '_')}_LINKER"
-    # CC has already been set by calling android.py (it calls android-env.sh)
-    env[cargo_target_linker_env_name] = env["CC"]
-
-    # All Python extension modules must be explicitly linked against libpython3.x.so when building for Android.
-    # See: https://peps.python.org/pep-0738/#linkage
-    # For projects using PyO3, this requires setting PYO3_CROSS_LIB_DIR to the directory containing libpython3.x.so.
-    # See: https://pyo3.rs/v0.27.1/building-and-distribution.html#cross-compiling
-    env["PYO3_CROSS_LIB_DIR"] = str(python_dir / "prefix" / "lib")
-
-    venv_bin = Path(env["VIRTUAL_ENV"]) / "bin"
-    for tool in ["cargo", "rustup"]:
-        shim_path = venv_bin / tool
-        shutil.copy(resources.PATH / "_rust_shim.py", shim_path)
-        shim_path.chmod(0o755)
-
-
-def before_build(state: BuildState) -> None:
-    if state.options.before_build:
-        log.step("Running before_build...")
-        shell_prepared(
-            state.options.before_build,
-            build_options=state.options,
-            env=state.build_env,
-        )
-
-
-def build_wheel(state: BuildState) -> Path:
-    log.step("Building wheel...")
-    built_wheel_dir = state.build_path / "built_wheel"
-    call(
-        "python",
-        "-m",
-        "build",
-        state.options.package_dir,
-        "--wheel",
-        "--no-isolation",
-        "--skip-dependency-check",
-        f"--outdir={built_wheel_dir}",
-        *get_build_frontend_extra_flags(
-            state.options.build_frontend,
-            state.options.build_verbosity,
-            state.options.config_settings,
-        ),
-        env=state.android_env,
-    )
-
-    built_wheels = list(built_wheel_dir.glob("*.whl"))
-    if len(built_wheels) != 1:
-        msg = f"{built_wheel_dir} contains {len(built_wheels)} wheels; expected 1"
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-    built_wheel = built_wheels[0]
-
-    if built_wheel.name.endswith("none-any.whl"):
-        raise errors.NonPlatformWheelError()
-    return built_wheel
-
-
-def repair_wheel(state: BuildState, built_wheel: Path) -> Path:
-    log.step("Repairing wheel...")
-    repaired_wheel_dir = state.build_path / "repaired_wheel"
-    repaired_wheel_dir.mkdir()
-
-    if state.options.repair_command:
-        shell(
-            prepare_command(
-                state.options.repair_command,
-                wheel=built_wheel,
-                dest_dir=repaired_wheel_dir,
-                package=state.options.package_dir,
-                project=".",
-            ),
-            env=state.build_env,
-        )
-    else:
-        repair_default(state.android_env, built_wheel, repaired_wheel_dir)
-
-    repaired_wheels = list(repaired_wheel_dir.glob("*.whl"))
-    if len(repaired_wheels) == 0:
-        raise errors.RepairStepProducedNoWheelError()
-    if len(repaired_wheels) != 1:
-        msg = f"{repaired_wheel_dir} contains {len(repaired_wheels)} wheels; expected 1"
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-    repaired_wheel = repaired_wheels[0]
-
-    if repaired_wheel.name.endswith("none-any.whl"):
-        raise errors.NonPlatformWheelError()
-    return repaired_wheel
-
-
-def repair_default(
-    android_env: dict[str, str], built_wheel: Path, repaired_wheel_dir: Path
-) -> None:
-    """
-    Adds libc++ to the wheel if anything links against it. In the future this should be
-    moved to auditwheel and generalized to support more libraries.
-    """
-    if (match := re.search(r"^(.+?)-", built_wheel.name)) is None:
-        msg = f"Failed to parse wheel filename: {built_wheel.name}"
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-    wheel_name = match[1]
-
-    unpacked_dir = repaired_wheel_dir / "unpacked"
-    unpacked_dir.mkdir()
-    shutil.unpack_archive(built_wheel, unpacked_dir, format="zip")
-
-    # Some build systems are inconsistent about name normalization, so don't assume the
-    # dist-info name is identical to the wheel name.
-    record_paths = list(unpacked_dir.glob("*.dist-info/RECORD"))
-    if len(record_paths) != 1:
-        msg = f"{built_wheel.name} contains {len(record_paths)} dist-info/RECORD files; expected 1"
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-
-    old_soname = "libc++_shared.so"
-    paths_to_patch = []
-    for path, elffile in elf_file_filter(
-        unpacked_dir / filename
-        for filename, *_ in csv.reader(record_paths[0].read_text().splitlines())
-    ):
-        if (dynamic := elffile.get_section_by_name(".dynamic")) and any(  # type: ignore[no-untyped-call]
-            tag.entry.d_tag == "DT_NEEDED" and tag.needed == old_soname
-            for tag in dynamic.iter_tags()
-        ):
-            paths_to_patch.append(path)
-
-    if not paths_to_patch:
-        shutil.copyfile(built_wheel, repaired_wheel_dir / built_wheel.name)
-    else:
-        # Android doesn't support DT_RPATH, but supports DT_RUNPATH since API level 24
-        # (https://github.com/aosp-mirror/platform_bionic/blob/master/android-changes-for-ndk-developers.md).
-        if int(sysconfig_print('get_config_vars()["ANDROID_API_LEVEL"]', android_env)) < 24:
-            msg = f"Adding {old_soname} requires ANDROID_API_LEVEL to be at least 24"
-            raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-
-        toolchain = Path(android_env["CC"]).parent.parent
-        src_path = toolchain / f"sysroot/usr/lib/{android_env['CIBW_HOST_TRIPLET']}/{old_soname}"
-
-        # Use the same library location as auditwheel would.
-        libs_dir = unpacked_dir / (wheel_name + ".libs")
-        libs_dir.mkdir()
-        new_soname = soname_with_hash(src_path)
-        dst_path = libs_dir / new_soname
-        shutil.copyfile(src_path, dst_path)
-        call(which("patchelf"), "--set-soname", new_soname, dst_path)
-
-        for path in paths_to_patch:
-            call(which("patchelf"), "--replace-needed", old_soname, new_soname, path)
-            call(
-                which("patchelf"),
-                "--set-rpath",
-                f"${{ORIGIN}}/{relpath(libs_dir, path.parent)}",
-                path,
-            )
-        call(which("wheel"), "pack", unpacked_dir, "-d", repaired_wheel_dir)
-
-
-# If cibuildwheel was called without activating its environment, its scripts directory
-# will not be on the PATH.
-def which(cmd: str) -> str:
-    scripts_dir = sysconfig.get_path("scripts")
-    result = shutil.which(cmd, path=scripts_dir + os.pathsep + os.environ["PATH"])
-    if result is None:
-        msg = f"Couldn't find {cmd!r} in {scripts_dir} or on the PATH"
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-    return result
-
-
-def elf_file_filter(paths: Iterable[Path]) -> Iterator[tuple[Path, ELFFile]]:
-    """Filter through an iterator of filenames and load up only ELF files"""
-    for path in paths:
-        if not path.name.endswith(".py"):
-            try:
-                with open(path, "rb") as f:
-                    candidate = ELFFile(f)  # type: ignore[no-untyped-call]
-                    yield path, candidate
-            except ELFError:
-                pass  # Not an ELF file
-
-
-def soname_with_hash(src_path: Path) -> str:
-    """Return the same library filename as auditwheel would"""
-    shorthash = hashlib.sha256(src_path.read_bytes()).hexdigest()[:8]
-    src_name = src_path.name
-    base, ext = src_name.split(".", 1)
-    if not base.endswith(f"-{shorthash}"):
-        return f"{base}-{shorthash}.{ext}"
-    else:
-        return src_name
-
-
-def test_wheel(state: BuildState, wheel: Path, *, build_frontend: str) -> None:
-    test_command = state.options.test_command
-    if not (test_command and state.options.test_selector(state.config.identifier)):
-        return
-
-    log.step("Testing wheel...")
-    use_uv = build_frontend == "build[uv]"
-    uv_path = find_uv()
-    if use_uv and uv_path is None:
-        msg = "uv not found"
-        raise AssertionError(msg)
-    pip = ["pip"] if not use_uv else [str(uv_path), "pip"]
-
-    native_arch = arch_synonym(platform.machine(), platforms.native_platform(), "android")
-    if state.config.arch != native_arch:
-        log.warning(
-            f"Skipping tests for {state.config.arch}, as the build machine only "
-            f"supports {native_arch}"
-        )
-        return
-
-    if state.options.before_test:
-        shell_prepared(
-            state.options.before_test,
-            build_options=state.options,
-            env=state.build_env,
-        )
-
-    platform_args = (
-        ["--python-platform", android_triplet(state.config.identifier)]
-        if use_uv
-        else [
-            "--platform",
-            sysconfig_print("get_platform()", state.android_env).replace("-", "_"),
-        ]
-    )
-
-    # Install the wheel and test-requires.
-    site_packages_dir = state.build_path / "site-packages"
-    site_packages_dir.mkdir()
-    call(
-        *pip,
-        "install",
-        "--only-binary=:all:",
-        *platform_args,
-        "--target",
-        site_packages_dir,
-        f"{wheel}{state.options.test_extras}",
-        *state.options.test_requires,
-        env=state.android_env,
-    )
-
-    # Copy test-sources.
-    cwd_dir = state.build_path / "cwd"
-    cwd_dir.mkdir()
-    if state.options.test_sources:
-        copy_test_sources(state.options.test_sources, Path.cwd(), cwd_dir)
-    else:
-        (cwd_dir / "test_fail.py").write_text(
-            resources.TEST_FAIL_CWD_FILE.read_text(),
-        )
-
-    # Android doesn't support placeholders in the test command.
-    if any(("{" + placeholder + "}") in test_command for placeholder in ["project", "package"]):
-        msg = (
-            f"Test command {test_command!r} with a "
-            "'{project}' or '{package}' placeholder is not supported on Android, "
-            "because the source directory is not visible on the emulator."
-        )
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-
-    # Parse test-command.
-    test_args = shlex.split(test_command)
-    if test_args[0] in ["python", "python3"] and any(arg in test_args for arg in ["-c", "-m"]):
-        # Forward the args to the CPython testbed script. We require '-c' or '-m'
-        # to be in the command, because without those flags, the testbed script
-        # will prepend '-m test', which will run Python's own test suite.
-        del test_args[0]
-    elif test_args[0] in ["pytest"]:
-        # We transform some commands into the `python -m` form, but this is deprecated.
-        msg = (
-            f"Test command {test_command!r} is not supported on Android. "
-            "cibuildwheel will try to execute it as if it started with 'python -m'. "
-            "If this works, all you need to do is add that to your test command."
-        )
-        log.warning(msg)
-        test_args.insert(0, "-m")
-    else:
-        msg = (
-            f"Test command {test_command!r} is not supported on Android. "
-            f"Command must begin with 'python' or 'python3', and contain '-m' or '-c'."
-        )
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-
-    # By default, run on a testbed managed emulator running the newest supported
-    # Android version. However, if the user specifies a --managed or --connected
-    # test execution argument, that argument takes precedence.
-    test_runtime_args = state.options.test_runtime.args
-
-    if any(arg.startswith(("--managed", "--connected")) for arg in test_runtime_args):
-        emulator_args = []
-    else:
-        emulator_args = ["--managed", "maxVersion"]
-
-    # Run the test app.
-    call(
-        state.python_dir / "android.py",
-        "test",
-        "--site-packages",
-        site_packages_dir,
-        "--cwd",
-        cwd_dir,
-        *emulator_args,
-        *(["-v"] if state.options.build_verbosity > 0 else []),
-        *test_runtime_args,
-        "--",
-        *test_args,
-        env=state.build_env,
-    )
-
-
-def sysconfig_print(method_call: str, env: dict[str, str]) -> str:
-    return call(
-        "python",
-        "-c",
-        f'import sysconfig; print(sysconfig.{method_call}, end="")',
-        env=env,
-        capture_stdout=True,
-    )

cibuildwheel/platforms/ios.py

@@ -1,709 +0,0 @@
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import dataclasses
-import os
-import platform
-import shlex
-import shutil
-import subprocess
-import sys
-import textwrap
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, assert_never
-
-from filelock import FileLock
-
-from .. import errors
-from ..frontend import (
-    BuildFrontendName,
-    get_build_frontend_extra_flags,
-)
-from ..logger import log
-from ..util import resources
-from ..util.cmd import call, shell, split_command
-from ..util.file import (
-    CIBW_CACHE_PATH,
-    copy_test_sources,
-    download,
-    move_file,
-)
-from ..util.helpers import prepare_command, unwrap_preserving_paragraphs
-from ..util.packaging import (
-    find_compatible_wheel,
-)
-from ..venv import constraint_flags, virtualenv
-from .macos import install_cpython as install_build_cpython
-
-if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from collections.abc import Sequence, Set
-
-    from ..architecture import Architecture
-    from ..environment import ParsedEnvironment
-    from ..options import Options
-    from ..selector import BuildSelector
-
-
-@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True, kw_only=True)
-class PythonConfiguration:
-    version: str
-    identifier: str
-    url: str
-    build_url: str
-
-    @property
-    def sdk(self) -> str:
-        return self.multiarch.rsplit("-", 1)[1]
-
-    @property
-    def arch(self) -> str:
-        return self.multiarch.rsplit("-", 1)[0]
-
-    @property
-    def multiarch(self) -> str:
-        # The multiarch identifier, as reported by `sys.implementation._multiarch`
-        return "-".join(self.identifier.split("-ios_")[1].rsplit("_", 1))
-
-    @property
-    def is_simulator(self) -> bool:
-        return self.identifier.endswith("_iphonesimulator")
-
-    @property
-    def xcframework_slice(self) -> str:
-        "XCframeworks include binaries for multiple ABIs; which ABI section should be used?"
-        return "ios-arm64_x86_64-simulator" if self.is_simulator else "ios-arm64"
-
-
-def all_python_configurations() -> list[PythonConfiguration]:
-    # iOS builds are always cross builds; we need to install a macOS Python as
-    # well. Rather than duplicate the location of the URL of macOS installers,
-    # load the macos configurations, determine the macOS configuration that
-    # matches the platform we're building, and embed that URL in the parsed iOS
-    # configuration.
-    macos_python_configs = resources.read_python_configs("macos")
-
-    def build_url(config_dict: dict[str, str]) -> str:
-        # The iOS identifier will be something like cp313-ios_arm64_iphoneos.
-        # Drop the iphoneos suffix, then replace ios with macosx to yield
-        # cp313-macosx_arm64, which will be a macOS build identifier.
-        modified_ios_identifier = config_dict["identifier"].rsplit("_", 1)[0]
-        macos_identifier = modified_ios_identifier.replace("ios", "macosx")
-        matching = [
-            config for config in macos_python_configs if config["identifier"] == macos_identifier
-        ]
-        return matching[0]["url"]
-
-    # Load the platform configuration
-    full_python_configs = resources.read_python_configs("ios")
-    # Build the configurations, annotating with macOS URL details.
-    return [
-        PythonConfiguration(
-            **item,
-            build_url=build_url(item),
-        )
-        for item in full_python_configs
-    ]
-
-
-def get_python_configurations(
-    build_selector: BuildSelector,
-    architectures: Set[Architecture],
-) -> list[PythonConfiguration]:
-    python_configurations = all_python_configurations()
-
-    # Filter out configs that don't match any of the selected architectures
-    python_configurations = [
-        c
-        for c in python_configurations
-        if any(c.identifier.endswith(f"-ios_{a.value}") for a in architectures)
-    ]
-
-    # Skip builds as required by BUILD/SKIP
-    python_configurations = [c for c in python_configurations if build_selector(c.identifier)]
-
-    return python_configurations
-
-
-def install_target_cpython(tmp: Path, config: PythonConfiguration, free_threading: bool) -> Path:
-    if free_threading:
-        msg = "Free threading builds aren't available for iOS (yet)"
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-
-    # Install an iOS build of CPython
-    ios_python_tar_gz = config.url.rsplit("/", 1)[-1]
-    extension = ".tar.gz"
-    assert ios_python_tar_gz.endswith(extension)
-    installation_path = CIBW_CACHE_PATH / ios_python_tar_gz[: -len(extension)]
-    with FileLock(str(installation_path) + ".lock"):
-        if not installation_path.exists():
-            downloaded_tar_gz = tmp / ios_python_tar_gz
-            download(config.url, downloaded_tar_gz)
-            installation_path.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-            call("tar", "-C", installation_path, "-xf", downloaded_tar_gz)
-            downloaded_tar_gz.unlink()
-
-    return installation_path
-
-
-def cross_virtualenv(
-    *,
-    py_version: str,
-    target_python: Path,
-    multiarch: str,
-    build_python: Path,
-    venv_path: Path,
-    dependency_constraint: Path | None,
-    xbuild_tools: Sequence[str] | None,
-) -> dict[str, str]:
-    """Create a cross-compilation virtual environment.
-
-    In a cross-compilation environment, the *target* is the platform where the
-    code will ultimately run, and the *build* is the platform where you're
-    running the compilation. When building iOS wheels, iOS is the target machine
-    and macOS is the build machine. The terminology around these machines varies
-    between build tools (configure uses "host" and "build"; cmake uses "target" and
-    "build host").
-
-    A cross-compilation virtualenv is an environment that is based on the
-    *build* python (so that binaries can execute); but it modifies the
-    environment at startup so that any request for platform details (such as
-    `sys.platform` or `sysconfig.get_platform()`) return details of the target
-    platform. It also applies a loader patch so that any virtualenv created by
-    the cross-compilation environment will also be a cross-compilation
-    environment.
-
-    :param py_version: The Python version (major.minor) in use
-    :param target_python: The path to the python binary for the target platform
-    :param multiarch: The multiarch tag for the target platform (i.e., the value
-        of `sys.implementation._multiarch`)
-    :param build_python: The path to the python binary for the build platform
-    :param venv_path: The path where the cross virtual environment should be
-        created.
-    :param dependency_constraint: A path to a constraint file that should be
-        used when constraining dependencies in the environment.
-    :param xbuild_tools: A list of executable names (without paths) that are
-        on the path, but must be preserved in the cross environment.
-    """
-    # Create an initial macOS virtual environment
-    env = virtualenv(
-        py_version,
-        build_python,
-        venv_path,
-        dependency_constraint,
-        use_uv=False,
-    )
-
-    # Convert the macOS virtual environment into an iOS virtual environment
-    # using the cross-platform conversion script in the iOS distribution.
-
-    # target_python is the path to the Python binary;
-    # determine the root of the XCframework slice that is being used.
-    slice_path = target_python.parent.parent
-    call(
-        "python",
-        str(slice_path / f"platform-config/{multiarch}/make_cross_venv.py"),
-        str(venv_path),
-        env=env,
-        cwd=venv_path,
-    )
-
-    # When running on macOS, it's easy for the build environment to leak into
-    # the target environment, especially when building for ARM64 (because the
-    # build architecture is the same as the target architecture). The primary
-    # culprit for this is Homebrew libraries leaking in as dependencies for iOS
-    # libraries.
-    #
-    # To prevent problems, set the PATH to isolate the build environment from
-    # sources that could introduce incompatible binaries.
-    #
-    # However, there may be some tools on the path that are needed for the
-    # build. Find their location on the path, and link the underlying binaries
-    # (fully resolving symlinks) to a "safe" location that will *only* contain
-    # those tools. This avoids needing to add *all* of Homebrew to the path just
-    # to get access to (for example) cmake for build purposes. A value of None
-    # means the user hasn't provided a list of xbuild tools.
-    xbuild_tools_path = venv_path / "cibw_xbuild_tools"
-    xbuild_tools_path.mkdir()
-    if xbuild_tools is None:
-        log.warning(
-            textwrap.dedent(
-                """
-                Your project configuration does not define any cross-build tools.
-
-                iOS builds use an isolated build environment; if your build process requires any
-                third-party tools (such as cmake, ninja, or rustc), you must explicitly declare
-                that those tools are required using xbuild-tools/CIBW_XBUILD_TOOLS. This will
-                likely manifest as a "somebuildtool: command not found" error.
-
-                If the build succeeds, you can silence this warning by setting adding
-                `xbuild-tools = []` to your pyproject.toml configuration, or exporting
-                CIBW_XBUILD_TOOLS as an empty string into your environment.
-                """
-            )
-        )
-    else:
-        for tool in xbuild_tools:
-            tool_path = shutil.which(tool)
-            if tool_path is None:
-                msg = f"Could not find a {tool!r} executable on the path."
-                raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-
-            # Link the binary into the safe tools directory
-            original = Path(tool_path).resolve()
-            print(f"{tool!r} will be included in the cross-build environment (using {original})")
-            (xbuild_tools_path / tool).symlink_to(original)
-
-    env["PATH"] = os.pathsep.join(
-        [
-            # The target python's binary directory
-            str(target_python.parent),
-            # The cross-platform environment's binary directory
-            str(venv_path / "bin"),
-            # The directory of cross-build tools
-            str(xbuild_tools_path),
-            # The bare minimum Apple system paths.
-            "/usr/bin",
-            "/bin",
-            "/usr/sbin",
-            "/sbin",
-            "/Library/Apple/usr/bin",
-        ]
-    )
-    # Also unset DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH to ensure that no macOS libraries will be
-    # found and linked.
-    env.pop("DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH", None)
-
-    return env
-
-
-def setup_python(
-    tmp: Path,
-    *,
-    python_configuration: PythonConfiguration,
-    dependency_constraint: Path | None,
-    environment: ParsedEnvironment,
-    build_frontend: BuildFrontendName,
-    xbuild_tools: Sequence[str] | None,
-) -> tuple[Path, dict[str, str]]:
-    if build_frontend == "build[uv]":
-        msg = "uv doesn't support iOS"
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-
-    # An iOS environment requires 2 python installs - one for the build machine
-    # (macOS), and one for the target (iOS). We'll only ever interact with the
-    # *target* python, but the build Python needs to exist to act as the base
-    # for a cross venv.
-    tmp.mkdir()
-    implementation_id = python_configuration.identifier.split("-")[0]
-    log.step(f"Installing Build Python {implementation_id}...")
-    if implementation_id.startswith("cp"):
-        free_threading = "t-ios" in python_configuration.identifier
-        build_python = install_build_cpython(
-            tmp,
-            python_configuration.version,
-            python_configuration.build_url,
-            free_threading,
-        )
-    else:
-        msg = f"Unknown Python implementation: {implementation_id}"
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-
-    assert build_python.exists(), (
-        f"{build_python.name} not found, has {list(build_python.parent.iterdir())}"
-    )
-
-    log.step(f"Installing Target Python {implementation_id}...")
-    target_install_path = install_target_cpython(tmp, python_configuration, free_threading)
-    target_python = (
-        target_install_path
-        / "Python.xcframework"
-        / python_configuration.xcframework_slice
-        / "bin"
-        / f"python{python_configuration.version}"
-    )
-
-    assert target_python.exists(), (
-        f"{target_python.name} not found, has {list(target_install_path.iterdir())}"
-    )
-
-    log.step("Creating cross build environment...")
-
-    venv_path = tmp / "venv"
-    env = cross_virtualenv(
-        py_version=python_configuration.version,
-        target_python=target_python,
-        multiarch=python_configuration.multiarch,
-        build_python=build_python,
-        venv_path=venv_path,
-        dependency_constraint=dependency_constraint,
-        xbuild_tools=xbuild_tools,
-    )
-    venv_bin_path = venv_path / "bin"
-    assert venv_bin_path.exists()
-
-    # We version pip ourselves, so we don't care about pip version checking
-    env["PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK"] = "1"
-
-    # upgrade pip to the version matching our constraints
-    # if necessary, reinstall it to ensure that it's available on PATH as 'pip'
-    pip = ["python", "-m", "pip"]
-    call(
-        *pip,
-        "install",
-        "--upgrade",
-        "pip",
-        *constraint_flags(dependency_constraint),
-        env=env,
-        cwd=venv_path,
-    )
-
-    # Apply our environment after pip is ready
-    env = environment.as_dictionary(prev_environment=env)
-
-    # Check what Python version we're on
-    which_python = call("which", "python", env=env, capture_stdout=True).strip()
-    print(which_python)
-    if which_python != str(venv_bin_path / "python"):
-        msg = (
-            "cibuildwheel: python available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. "
-            "If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's "
-            "entry or insert python above it."
-        )
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-    call("python", "--version", env=env)
-
-    # Check what pip version we're on
-    assert (venv_bin_path / "pip").exists()
-    which_pip = call("which", "pip", env=env, capture_stdout=True).strip()
-    print(which_pip)
-    if which_pip != str(venv_bin_path / "pip"):
-        msg = (
-            "cibuildwheel: pip available on PATH doesn't match our installed instance. "
-            "If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's "
-            "entry or insert pip above it."
-        )
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-    call("pip", "--version", env=env)
-
-    # Ensure that IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET is set in the environment
-    env.setdefault("IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET", "13.0")
-
-    log.step("Installing build tools...")
-    match build_frontend:
-        case "pip":
-            # No additional build tools required
-            pass
-        case "build":
-            call(
-                "pip",
-                "install",
-                "--upgrade",
-                "build[virtualenv]",
-                *constraint_flags(dependency_constraint),
-                env=env,
-            )
-        case _:
-            assert_never(build_frontend)
-
-    return target_install_path, env
-
-
-def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
-    if sys.platform != "darwin":
-        msg = "iOS binaries can only be built on macOS"
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-
-    python_configurations = get_python_configurations(
-        build_selector=options.globals.build_selector,
-        architectures=options.globals.architectures,
-    )
-
-    if not python_configurations:
-        return
-
-    try:
-        before_all_options_identifier = python_configurations[0].identifier
-        before_all_options = options.build_options(before_all_options_identifier)
-
-        if before_all_options.before_all:
-            log.step("Running before_all...")
-            env = before_all_options.environment.as_dictionary(prev_environment=os.environ)
-            env.setdefault("IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET", "13.0")
-            before_all_prepared = prepare_command(
-                before_all_options.before_all,
-                project=".",
-                package=before_all_options.package_dir,
-            )
-            shell(before_all_prepared, env=env)
-
-        built_wheels: list[Path] = []
-
-        for config in python_configurations:
-            build_options = options.build_options(config.identifier)
-            build_frontend = build_options.build_frontend
-            # uv doesn't support iOS
-            if build_frontend.name == "build[uv]":
-                msg = "uv doesn't support iOS"
-                raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-
-            log.build_start(config.identifier)
-
-            identifier_tmp_dir = tmp_path / config.identifier
-            identifier_tmp_dir.mkdir()
-            built_wheel_dir = identifier_tmp_dir / "built_wheel"
-
-            constraints_path = build_options.dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version(
-                version=config.version, tmp_dir=identifier_tmp_dir
-            )
-
-            target_install_path, env = setup_python(
-                identifier_tmp_dir / "build",
-                python_configuration=config,
-                dependency_constraint=constraints_path,
-                environment=build_options.environment,
-                build_frontend=build_frontend.name,
-                xbuild_tools=build_options.xbuild_tools,
-            )
-
-            compatible_wheel = find_compatible_wheel(built_wheels, config.identifier)
-            if compatible_wheel:
-                log.step_end()
-                print(
-                    f"\nFound previously built wheel {compatible_wheel.name} "
-                    f"that is compatible with {config.identifier}. "
-                    "Skipping build step..."
-                )
-                test_wheel = compatible_wheel
-            else:
-                if build_options.before_build:
-                    log.step("Running before_build...")
-                    before_build_prepared = prepare_command(
-                        build_options.before_build,
-                        project=".",
-                        package=build_options.package_dir,
-                    )
-                    shell(before_build_prepared, env=env)
-
-                log.step("Building wheel...")
-                built_wheel_dir.mkdir()
-
-                extra_flags = get_build_frontend_extra_flags(
-                    build_frontend, build_options.build_verbosity, build_options.config_settings
-                )
-
-                match build_frontend.name:
-                    case "pip":
-                        # Path.resolve() is needed. Without it pip wheel may try to
-                        # fetch package from pypi.org. See
-                        # https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/pull/369
-                        call(
-                            "python",
-                            "-m",
-                            "pip",
-                            "wheel",
-                            build_options.package_dir.resolve(),
-                            f"--wheel-dir={built_wheel_dir}",
-                            "--no-deps",
-                            *extra_flags,
-                            env=env,
-                        )
-                    case "build":
-                        call(
-                            "python",
-                            "-m",
-                            "build",
-                            build_options.package_dir,
-                            "--wheel",
-                            f"--outdir={built_wheel_dir}",
-                            *extra_flags,
-                            env=env,
-                        )
-                    case _:
-                        assert_never(build_frontend)
-
-                test_wheel = built_wheel = next(built_wheel_dir.glob("*.whl"))
-
-                if built_wheel.name.endswith("none-any.whl"):
-                    raise errors.NonPlatformWheelError()
-
-                log.step_end()
-
-            if build_options.test_command and build_options.test_selector(config.identifier):
-                if not config.is_simulator:
-                    log.step("Skipping tests on non-simulator SDK")
-                elif config.arch != os.uname().machine:
-                    log.step("Skipping tests on non-native simulator architecture")
-                else:
-                    test_env = build_options.test_environment.as_dictionary(prev_environment=env)
-
-                    if build_options.before_test:
-                        before_test_prepared = prepare_command(
-                            build_options.before_test,
-                            project=".",
-                            package=build_options.package_dir,
-                        )
-                        shell(before_test_prepared, env=test_env)
-
-                    log.step("Setting up test harness...")
-                    # Clone the testbed project into the build directory
-                    testbed_path = identifier_tmp_dir / "testbed"
-                    call(
-                        "python",
-                        target_install_path / "testbed",
-                        "clone",
-                        testbed_path,
-                        env=test_env,
-                    )
-
-                    testbed_app_path = testbed_path / "iOSTestbed" / "app"
-
-                    # Copy the test sources to the testbed app
-                    if build_options.test_sources:
-                        copy_test_sources(
-                            build_options.test_sources,
-                            Path.cwd(),
-                            testbed_app_path,
-                        )
-                    else:
-                        (testbed_app_path / "test_fail.py").write_text(
-                            resources.TEST_FAIL_CWD_FILE.read_text()
-                        )
-
-                    log.step("Installing test requirements...")
-                    # Install the compiled wheel (with any test extras), plus
-                    # the test requirements. Use the --platform tag to force
-                    # the installation of iOS wheels; this requires the use of
-                    # --only-binary=:all:
-                    ios_version = test_env["IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET"]
-                    platform_tag = f"ios_{ios_version.replace('.', '_')}_{config.arch}_{config.sdk}"
-
-                    call(
-                        "python",
-                        "-m",
-                        "pip",
-                        "install",
-                        "--only-binary=:all:",
-                        "--platform",
-                        platform_tag,
-                        "--target",
-                        testbed_path / "iOSTestbed" / "app_packages",
-                        f"{test_wheel}{build_options.test_extras}",
-                        *build_options.test_requires,
-                        env=test_env,
-                    )
-
-                    log.step("Running test suite...")
-
-                    # iOS doesn't support placeholders in the test command,
-                    # because the source dir isn't visible on the simulator.
-                    if (
-                        "{project}" in build_options.test_command
-                        or "{package}" in build_options.test_command
-                    ):
-                        msg = unwrap_preserving_paragraphs(
-                            f"""
-                            iOS tests configured with a test command that uses the "{{project}}" or
-                            "{{package}}" placeholder. iOS tests cannot use placeholders, because the
-                            source directory is not visible on the simulator.
-
-                            In addition, iOS tests must run as a Python module, so the test command
-                            must begin with 'python -m'.
-
-                            Test command: {build_options.test_command!r}
-                            """
-                        )
-                        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-
-                    test_command_list = shlex.split(build_options.test_command)
-                    try:
-                        for test_command_parts in split_command(test_command_list):
-                            match test_command_parts:
-                                case ["python", "-m", *rest]:
-                                    final_command = rest
-                                case ["pytest", *rest]:
-                                    # pytest works exactly the same as a module, so we
-                                    # can just run it as a module.
-                                    msg = unwrap_preserving_paragraphs(f"""
-                                        iOS tests configured with a test command which doesn't start
-                                        with 'python -m'. iOS tests must execute python modules - other
-                                        entrypoints are not supported.
-
-                                        cibuildwheel will try to execute it as if it started with
-                                        'python -m'. If this works, all you need to do is add that to
-                                        your test command.
-
-                                        Test command: {build_options.test_command!r}
-                                    """)
-                                    log.warning(msg)
-                                    final_command = ["pytest", *rest]
-                                case _:
-                                    msg = unwrap_preserving_paragraphs(
-                                        f"""
-                                            iOS tests configured with a test command which doesn't start
-                                            with 'python -m'. iOS tests must execute python modules - other
-                                            entrypoints are not supported.
-
-                                            Test command: {build_options.test_command!r}
-                                        """
-                                    )
-                                    raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-
-                            test_runtime_args = build_options.test_runtime.args
-
-                            # 2025-10: The GitHub Actions macos-15 runner has a known issue where
-                            # the default simulator won't start due to a disk performance issue;
-                            # see https://github.com/actions/runner-images/issues/12777 for details.
-                            # In the meantime, if it looks like we're running on a GitHub Actions
-                            # macos-15 runner, use a simulator that is known to work, unless the
-                            # user explicitly specifies a simulator.
-                            os_version, _, arch = platform.mac_ver()
-                            if (
-                                "GITHUB_ACTIONS" in os.environ
-                                and os_version.startswith("15.")
-                                and arch == "arm64"
-                                and not any(
-                                    arg.startswith("--simulator") for arg in test_runtime_args
-                                )
-                            ):
-                                test_runtime_args = [
-                                    "--simulator",
-                                    "iPhone 16e,OS=18.5",
-                                    *test_runtime_args,
-                                ]
-
-                            call(
-                                "python",
-                                testbed_path,
-                                "run",
-                                *(["--verbose"] if build_options.build_verbosity > 0 else []),
-                                *test_runtime_args,
-                                "--",
-                                *final_command,
-                                env=test_env,
-                            )
-                    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
-                        # catches the first test command failure in the loop,
-                        # implementing short-circuiting
-                        log.step_end(success=False)
-                        log.error(f"Test suite failed on {config.identifier}")
-                        sys.exit(1)
-
-                    log.step_end()
-
-            # We're all done here; move it to output (overwrite existing)
-            output_wheel: Path | None = None
-            if compatible_wheel is None:
-                output_wheel = build_options.output_dir.joinpath(built_wheel.name)
-                moved_wheel = move_file(built_wheel, output_wheel)
-                if moved_wheel != output_wheel.resolve():
-                    log.warning(
-                        f"{built_wheel} was moved to {moved_wheel} instead of {output_wheel}"
-                    )
-                built_wheels.append(output_wheel)
-
-            # Clean up
-            shutil.rmtree(identifier_tmp_dir)
-
-            log.build_end(output_wheel)
-    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as error:
-        msg = f"Command {error.cmd} failed with code {error.returncode}. {error.stdout or ''}"
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg) from error

cibuildwheel/platforms/pyodide.py

@@ -1,553 +0,0 @@
-import dataclasses
-import functools
-import json
-import os
-import shutil
-import subprocess
-import sys
-import tomllib
-import typing
-from collections.abc import Set
-from pathlib import Path
-from tempfile import TemporaryDirectory
-from typing import Final, TypedDict
-
-from filelock import FileLock
-
-from .. import errors
-from ..architecture import Architecture
-from ..environment import ParsedEnvironment
-from ..frontend import get_build_frontend_extra_flags
-from ..logger import log
-from ..options import Options
-from ..selector import BuildSelector
-from ..util import resources
-from ..util.cmd import call, shell
-from ..util.file import (
-    CIBW_CACHE_PATH,
-    copy_test_sources,
-    download,
-    extract_tar,
-    extract_zip,
-    move_file,
-)
-from ..util.helpers import prepare_command, unwrap, unwrap_preserving_paragraphs
-from ..util.packaging import find_compatible_wheel, get_pip_version
-from ..util.python_build_standalone import (
-    PythonBuildStandaloneError,
-    create_python_build_standalone_environment,
-)
-from ..venv import constraint_flags, virtualenv
-
-IS_WIN: Final[bool] = sys.platform.startswith("win")
-
-
-@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True, kw_only=True)
-class PythonConfiguration:
-    version: str
-    identifier: str
-    default_pyodide_version: str
-    node_version: str
-
-
-class PyodideXBuildEnvInfoVersionRange(TypedDict):
-    min: str | None
-    max: str | None
-
-
-class PyodideXBuildEnvInfo(TypedDict):
-    version: str
-    python: str
-    emscripten: str
-    pyodide_build: PyodideXBuildEnvInfoVersionRange
-    compatible: bool
-
-
-@functools.cache
-def ensure_node(major_version: str) -> Path:
-    with resources.NODEJS.open("rb") as f:
-        loaded_file = tomllib.load(f)
-    version = str(loaded_file[major_version])
-    base_url = str(loaded_file["url"])
-    ext = "zip" if IS_WIN else "tar.xz"
-    platform = "win" if IS_WIN else ("darwin" if sys.platform.startswith("darwin") else "linux")
-    linux_arch = Architecture.native_arch("linux")
-    assert linux_arch is not None
-    arch = {"x86_64": "x64", "i686": "x86", "aarch64": "arm64"}.get(
-        linux_arch.value, linux_arch.value
-    )
-    name = f"node-{version}-{platform}-{arch}"
-    path = CIBW_CACHE_PATH / name
-    with FileLock(str(path) + ".lock"):
-        if not path.exists():
-            url = f"{base_url}{version}/{name}.{ext}"
-            with TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_path:
-                archive = Path(tmp_path) / f"{name}.{ext}"
-                download(url, archive)
-                if ext == "zip":
-                    extract_zip(archive, path.parent)
-                else:
-                    extract_tar(archive, path.parent)
-    assert path.exists()
-    if not IS_WIN:
-        return path / "bin"
-    return path
-
-
-def install_emscripten(tmp: Path, version: str) -> Path:
-    url = f"https://github.com/emscripten-core/emsdk/archive/refs/tags/{version}.zip"
-    installation_path = CIBW_CACHE_PATH / f"emsdk-{version}"
-    emsdk_path = installation_path / f"emsdk-{version}/emsdk"
-    emcc_path = installation_path / f"emsdk-{version}/upstream/emscripten/emcc"
-    with FileLock(f"{installation_path}.lock"):
-        if installation_path.exists():
-            return emcc_path
-        emsdk_zip = tmp / "emsdk.zip"
-        download(url, emsdk_zip)
-        installation_path.mkdir()
-        extract_zip(emsdk_zip, installation_path)
-        call(emsdk_path, "install", version)
-        call(emsdk_path, "activate", version)
-
-    return emcc_path
-
-
-def get_all_xbuildenv_version_info(env: dict[str, str]) -> list[PyodideXBuildEnvInfo]:
-    xbuildenvs_info_str = call(
-        "pyodide",
-        "xbuildenv",
-        "search",
-        "--json",
-        "--all",
-        env=env,
-        cwd=CIBW_CACHE_PATH,
-        capture_stdout=True,
-    ).strip()
-
-    xbuildenvs_info = json.loads(xbuildenvs_info_str)
-
-    if "environments" not in xbuildenvs_info:
-        msg = f"Invalid xbuildenvs info, got {xbuildenvs_info}"
-        raise ValueError(msg)
-
-    return typing.cast("list[PyodideXBuildEnvInfo]", xbuildenvs_info["environments"])
-
-
-def get_xbuildenv_version_info(
-    env: dict[str, str], version: str, pyodide_build_version: str
-) -> PyodideXBuildEnvInfo:
-    xbuildenvs_info = get_all_xbuildenv_version_info(env)
-    for xbuildenv_info in xbuildenvs_info:
-        if xbuildenv_info["version"] == version:
-            return xbuildenv_info
-
-    msg = unwrap(f"""
-        Could not find Pyodide cross-build environment version {version} in the available
-        versions as reported by pyodide-build v{pyodide_build_version}.
-        Available pyodide xbuildenv versions are:
-        {", ".join(e["version"] for e in xbuildenvs_info if e["compatible"])}
-    """)
-    raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-
-
-# The default pyodide xbuildenv version that's specified in
-# build-platforms.toml is compatible with the pyodide-build version that's
-# pinned in the bundled constraints file. But if the user changes
-# pyodide-version and/or dependency-constraints in the cibuildwheel config, we
-# need to check if the xbuildenv version is compatible with the pyodide-build
-# version.
-def validate_pyodide_build_version(
-    xbuildenv_info: PyodideXBuildEnvInfo, pyodide_build_version: str
-) -> None:
-    """
-    Validate the Pyodide version is compatible with the installed
-    pyodide-build version.
-    """
-
-    pyodide_version = xbuildenv_info["version"]
-
-    if not xbuildenv_info["compatible"]:
-        msg = unwrap_preserving_paragraphs(f"""
-            The Pyodide xbuildenv version {pyodide_version} is not compatible
-            with the pyodide-build version {pyodide_build_version}. Please use
-            the 'pyodide xbuildenv search --all' command to find a compatible
-            version.
-
-            Set the pyodide-build version using the `dependency-constraints`
-            option, or set the Pyodide xbuildenv version using the
-            `pyodide-version` option.
-        """)
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-
-
-def install_xbuildenv(env: dict[str, str], pyodide_build_version: str, pyodide_version: str) -> str:
-    """Install a particular Pyodide xbuildenv version and set a path to the Pyodide root."""
-    # Since pyodide-build was unvendored from Pyodide v0.27.0, the versions of
-    # pyodide-build are uncoupled from the versions of Pyodide. So, we specify
-    # both the pyodide-build version and the Pyodide version in the temp path.
-    xbuildenv_cache_path = CIBW_CACHE_PATH / f"pyodide-build-{pyodide_build_version}"
-    pyodide_root = xbuildenv_cache_path / pyodide_version / "xbuildenv" / "pyodide-root"
-
-    with FileLock(CIBW_CACHE_PATH / "xbuildenv.lock"):
-        if pyodide_root.exists():
-            return str(pyodide_root)
-
-        # We don't want to mutate env but we need to delete any existing
-        # PYODIDE_ROOT so copy it first.
-        env = dict(env)
-        env.pop("PYODIDE_ROOT", None)
-
-        # Install the xbuildenv
-        call(
-            "pyodide",
-            "xbuildenv",
-            "install",
-            "--path",
-            str(xbuildenv_cache_path),
-            pyodide_version,
-            env=env,
-            cwd=CIBW_CACHE_PATH,
-        )
-        assert pyodide_root.exists()
-
-    return str(pyodide_root)
-
-
-def get_base_python(tmp: Path, python_configuration: PythonConfiguration) -> Path:
-    try:
-        return create_python_build_standalone_environment(
-            python_version=python_configuration.version,
-            temp_dir=tmp,
-            cache_dir=CIBW_CACHE_PATH,
-        )
-    except PythonBuildStandaloneError as e:
-        msg = unwrap(f"""
-            Failed to create a Python build environment:
-            {e}
-        """)
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg) from e
-
-
-def setup_python(
-    tmp: Path,
-    python_configuration: PythonConfiguration,
-    constraints_path: Path | None,
-    environment: ParsedEnvironment,
-    user_pyodide_version: str | None,
-) -> dict[str, str]:
-    log.step("Installing a base python environment...")
-    base_python = get_base_python(tmp / "base", python_configuration)
-
-    log.step("Setting up build environment...")
-    pyodide_version = user_pyodide_version or python_configuration.default_pyodide_version
-    venv_path = tmp / "venv"
-    env = virtualenv(python_configuration.version, base_python, venv_path, None, use_uv=False)
-    venv_bin_path = venv_path / "bin"
-    assert venv_bin_path.exists()
-    env["PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK"] = "1"
-
-    # upgrade pip to the version matching our constraints
-    # if necessary, reinstall it to ensure that it's available on PATH as 'pip'
-    call(
-        "python",
-        "-m",
-        "pip",
-        "install",
-        "--upgrade",
-        "pip",
-        *constraint_flags(constraints_path),
-        env=env,
-        cwd=venv_path,
-    )
-
-    env = environment.as_dictionary(prev_environment=env)
-
-    # check what Python version we're on
-    which_python = call("which", "python", env=env, capture_stdout=True).strip()
-    print(which_python)
-    if which_python != str(venv_bin_path / "python"):
-        msg = "python available on PATH doesn't match our venv instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert python above it."
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-    call("python", "--version", env=env)
-
-    # check what pip version we're on
-    assert (venv_bin_path / "pip").exists()
-    which_pip = call("which", "pip", env=env, capture_stdout=True).strip()
-    print(which_pip)
-    if which_pip != str(venv_bin_path / "pip"):
-        msg = "pip available on PATH doesn't match our venv instance. If you have modified PATH, ensure that you don't overwrite cibuildwheel's entry or insert pip above it."
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-    call("pip", "--version", env=env)
-
-    log.step("Installing build tools...")
-    call(
-        "pip",
-        "install",
-        "--upgrade",
-        "pyodide-build",
-        "build[virtualenv]",
-        *constraint_flags(constraints_path),
-        env=env,
-    )
-
-    pyodide_build_version = call(
-        "python",
-        "-c",
-        "from importlib.metadata import version; print(version('pyodide-build'))",
-        env=env,
-        capture_stdout=True,
-    ).strip()
-
-    xbuildenv_info = get_xbuildenv_version_info(env, pyodide_version, pyodide_build_version)
-    validate_pyodide_build_version(
-        xbuildenv_info=xbuildenv_info,
-        pyodide_build_version=pyodide_build_version,
-    )
-
-    emscripten_version = xbuildenv_info["emscripten"]
-    log.step(f"Installing Emscripten version: {emscripten_version} ...")
-    emcc_path = install_emscripten(tmp, emscripten_version)
-
-    env["PATH"] = os.pathsep.join([str(emcc_path.parent), env["PATH"]])
-
-    log.step(f"Installing Pyodide xbuildenv version: {pyodide_version} ...")
-    env["PYODIDE_ROOT"] = install_xbuildenv(env, pyodide_build_version, pyodide_version)
-
-    return env
-
-
-def all_python_configurations() -> list[PythonConfiguration]:
-    full_python_configs = resources.read_python_configs("pyodide")
-    return [PythonConfiguration(**item) for item in full_python_configs]
-
-
-def get_python_configurations(
-    build_selector: BuildSelector,
-    architectures: Set[Architecture],  # noqa: ARG001
-) -> list[PythonConfiguration]:
-    return [c for c in all_python_configurations() if build_selector(c.identifier)]
-
-
-def build(options: Options, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
-    python_configurations = get_python_configurations(
-        options.globals.build_selector, options.globals.architectures
-    )
-
-    if not python_configurations:
-        return
-
-    try:
-        before_all_options_identifier = python_configurations[0].identifier
-        before_all_options = options.build_options(before_all_options_identifier)
-
-        if before_all_options.before_all:
-            log.step("Running before_all...")
-            env = before_all_options.environment.as_dictionary(prev_environment=os.environ)
-            before_all_prepared = prepare_command(
-                before_all_options.before_all, project=".", package=before_all_options.package_dir
-            )
-            shell(before_all_prepared, env=env)
-
-        built_wheels: list[Path] = []
-
-        for config in python_configurations:
-            build_options = options.build_options(config.identifier)
-            build_frontend = build_options.build_frontend
-
-            if build_frontend.name == "pip":
-                msg = "The pyodide platform doesn't support pip frontend"
-                raise errors.FatalError(msg)
-
-            log.build_start(config.identifier)
-
-            identifier_tmp_dir = tmp_path / config.identifier
-
-            built_wheel_dir = identifier_tmp_dir / "built_wheel"
-            repaired_wheel_dir = identifier_tmp_dir / "repaired_wheel"
-            identifier_tmp_dir.mkdir()
-            built_wheel_dir.mkdir()
-            repaired_wheel_dir.mkdir()
-
-            constraints_path = build_options.dependency_constraints.get_for_python_version(
-                version=config.version, variant="pyodide", tmp_dir=identifier_tmp_dir
-            )
-
-            env = setup_python(
-                tmp=identifier_tmp_dir / "build",
-                python_configuration=config,
-                constraints_path=constraints_path,
-                environment=build_options.environment,
-                user_pyodide_version=build_options.pyodide_version,
-            )
-            pip_version = get_pip_version(env)
-            # The Pyodide command line runner mounts all directories in the host
-            # filesystem into the Pyodide file system, except for the custom
-            # file systems /dev, /lib, /proc, and /tmp. Mounting the mount
-            # points for alternate file systems causes some mysterious failure
-            # of the process (it just quits without any clear error).
-            #
-            # Because of this, by default Pyodide can't see anything under /tmp.
-            # This environment variable tells it also to mount our temp
-            # directory.
-            oldmounts = ""
-            extra_mounts = [str(identifier_tmp_dir)]
-            if Path.cwd().is_relative_to("/tmp"):
-                extra_mounts.append(str(Path.cwd()))
-
-            if "_PYODIDE_EXTRA_MOUNTS" in env:
-                oldmounts = env["_PYODIDE_EXTRA_MOUNTS"] + ":"
-            env["_PYODIDE_EXTRA_MOUNTS"] = oldmounts + ":".join(extra_mounts)
-
-            compatible_wheel = find_compatible_wheel(built_wheels, config.identifier)
-            if compatible_wheel:
-                log.step_end()
-                print(
-                    f"\nFound previously built wheel {compatible_wheel.name}, that's compatible with {config.identifier}. Skipping build step..."
-                )
-                built_wheel = compatible_wheel
-            else:
-                if build_options.before_build:
-                    log.step("Running before_build...")
-                    before_build_prepared = prepare_command(
-                        build_options.before_build, project=".", package=build_options.package_dir
-                    )
-                    shell(before_build_prepared, env=env)
-
-                log.step("Building wheel...")
-
-                extra_flags = get_build_frontend_extra_flags(
-                    build_frontend, build_options.build_verbosity, build_options.config_settings
-                )
-
-                call(
-                    "pyodide",
-                    "build",
-                    build_options.package_dir,
-                    f"--outdir={built_wheel_dir}",
-                    *extra_flags,
-                    env=env,
-                )
-                built_wheel = next(built_wheel_dir.glob("*.whl"))
-
-                if built_wheel.name.endswith("none-any.whl"):
-                    raise errors.NonPlatformWheelError()
-
-                if build_options.repair_command:
-                    log.step("Repairing wheel...")
-
-                    repair_command_prepared = prepare_command(
-                        build_options.repair_command,
-                        wheel=built_wheel,
-                        dest_dir=repaired_wheel_dir,
-                        package=build_options.package_dir,
-                        project=".",
-                    )
-                    shell(repair_command_prepared, env=env)
-                    log.step_end()
-                else:
-                    shutil.move(str(built_wheel), repaired_wheel_dir)
-
-                repaired_wheel = next(repaired_wheel_dir.glob("*.whl"))
-
-                if repaired_wheel.name in {wheel.name for wheel in built_wheels}:
-                    raise errors.AlreadyBuiltWheelError(repaired_wheel.name)
-
-            if build_options.test_command and build_options.test_selector(config.identifier):
-                log.step("Testing wheel...")
-
-                venv_dir = identifier_tmp_dir / "venv-test"
-                # set up a virtual environment to install and test from, to make sure
-                # there are no dependencies that were pulled in at build time.
-
-                virtualenv_env = env.copy()
-                virtualenv_env["PATH"] = os.pathsep.join(
-                    [
-                        str(ensure_node(config.node_version)),
-                        virtualenv_env["PATH"],
-                    ]
-                )
-
-                # pyodide venv uses virtualenv under the hood
-                # use the pip embedded with virtualenv & disable network updates
-                virtualenv_create_env = virtualenv_env.copy()
-                virtualenv_create_env["VIRTUALENV_PIP"] = pip_version
-                virtualenv_create_env["VIRTUALENV_NO_PERIODIC_UPDATE"] = "1"
-
-                call("pyodide", "venv", venv_dir, env=virtualenv_create_env)
-
-                virtualenv_env["PATH"] = os.pathsep.join(
-                    [
-                        str(venv_dir / "bin"),
-                        virtualenv_env["PATH"],
-                    ]
-                )
-                virtualenv_env["VIRTUAL_ENV"] = str(venv_dir)
-
-                virtualenv_env = build_options.test_environment.as_dictionary(
-                    prev_environment=virtualenv_env
-                )
-
-                # check that we are using the Python from the virtual environment
-                call("which", "python", env=virtualenv_env)
-
-                if build_options.before_test:
-                    before_test_prepared = prepare_command(
-                        build_options.before_test,
-                        project=".",
-                        package=build_options.package_dir,
-                        wheel=repaired_wheel,
-                    )
-                    shell(before_test_prepared, env=virtualenv_env)
-
-                # install the wheel
-                call(
-                    "pip",
-                    "install",
-                    f"{repaired_wheel}{build_options.test_extras}",
-                    env=virtualenv_env,
-                )
-
-                # test the wheel
-                if build_options.test_requires:
-                    call("pip", "install", *build_options.test_requires, env=virtualenv_env)
-
-                # run the tests from a temp dir, with an absolute path in the command
-                # (this ensures that Python runs the tests against the installed wheel
-                # and not the repo code)
-                test_command_prepared = prepare_command(
-                    build_options.test_command,
-                    project=Path.cwd(),
-                    package=build_options.package_dir.resolve(),
-                )
-
-                test_cwd = identifier_tmp_dir / "test_cwd"
-                test_cwd.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
-
-                if build_options.test_sources:
-                    copy_test_sources(
-                        build_options.test_sources,
-                        Path.cwd(),
-                        test_cwd,
-                    )
-                else:
-                    # Use the test_fail.py file to raise a nice error if the user
-                    # tries to run tests in the cwd
-                    (test_cwd / "test_fail.py").write_text(resources.TEST_FAIL_CWD_FILE.read_text())
-
-                shell(test_command_prepared, cwd=test_cwd, env=virtualenv_env)
-
-            # we're all done here; move it to output (overwrite existing)
-            output_wheel: Path | None = None
-            if compatible_wheel is None:
-                output_wheel = build_options.output_dir.joinpath(repaired_wheel.name)
-                moved_wheel = move_file(repaired_wheel, output_wheel)
-                if moved_wheel != output_wheel.resolve():
-                    log.warning(
-                        f"{repaired_wheel} was moved to {moved_wheel} instead of {output_wheel}"
-                    )
-                built_wheels.append(output_wheel)
-            log.build_end(output_wheel)
-
-    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as error:
-        msg = f"Command {error.cmd} failed with code {error.returncode}. {error.stdout or ''}"
-        raise errors.FatalError(msg) from error

cibuildwheel/projectfiles.py

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import ast
 import configparser
 import contextlib
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any
 
-import dependency_groups
+from ._compat import tomllib
 
 
 def get_parent(node: ast.AST | None, depth: int = 1) -> ast.AST | None:
@@ -14,16 +15,34 @@ def get_parent(node: ast.AST | None, depth: int = 1) -> ast.AST | None:
 
 
 def is_main(parent: ast.AST | None) -> bool:
-    match parent:
+    if parent is None:
-        case ast.If(test=ast.Compare(left=left, ops=[ast.Eq()], comparators=[comp])):
+        return False
-            values = {left, comp}
+
-            mains = {x for x in values if isinstance(x, ast.Constant) and x.value == "__main__"}
+    # This would be much nicer with 3.10's pattern matching!
-            if len(mains) != 1:
+    if not isinstance(parent, ast.If):
-                return False
+        return False
-            consts = {x for x in values if isinstance(x, ast.Name) and x.id == "__name__"}
+    if not isinstance(parent.test, ast.Compare):
-            return len(consts) == 1
+        return False
-        case _:
+
-            return False
+    try:
+        (op,) = parent.test.ops
+        (comp,) = parent.test.comparators
+    except ValueError:
+        return False
+
+    if not isinstance(op, ast.Eq):
+        return False
+
+    values = {comp, parent.test.left}
+
+    mains = {x for x in values if isinstance(x, ast.Constant) and x.value == "__main__"}
+    if len(mains) != 1:
+        return False
+    consts = {x for x in values if isinstance(x, ast.Name) and x.id == "__name__"}
+    if len(consts) != 1:
+        return False
+
+    return True
 
 
 class Analyzer(ast.NodeVisitor):
@@ -49,10 +68,12 @@ class Analyzer(ast.NodeVisitor):
             parent is not None and get_parent(parent) is None and is_main(get_parent(node, 3))
         )
 
-        match node:
+        if (
-            case ast.keyword(arg="python_requires", value=ast.Constant(value=str() as version)):
+            node.arg == "python_requires"
-                if unnested or name_main_unnested:
+            and isinstance(node.value, ast.Constant)
-                    self.requires_python = version
+            and (unnested or name_main_unnested)
+        ):
+            self.requires_python = node.value.value
 
 
 def setup_py_python_requires(content: str) -> str | None:
@@ -65,12 +86,15 @@ def setup_py_python_requires(content: str) -> str | None:
         return None
 
 
-def get_requires_python_str(package_dir: Path, pyproject_toml: dict[str, Any] | None) -> str | None:
+def get_requires_python_str(package_dir: Path) -> str | None:
     """Return the python requires string from the most canonical source available, or None"""
 
     # Read in from pyproject.toml:project.requires-python
-    with contextlib.suppress(KeyError, IndexError, TypeError):
+    with contextlib.suppress(FileNotFoundError):
-        return str((pyproject_toml or {})["project"]["requires-python"])
+        with (package_dir / "pyproject.toml").open("rb") as f1:
+            info = tomllib.load(f1)
+        with contextlib.suppress(KeyError, IndexError, TypeError):
+            return str(info["project"]["requires-python"])
 
     # Read in from setup.cfg:options.python_requires
     config = configparser.ConfigParser()
@@ -84,26 +108,3 @@ def get_requires_python_str(package_dir: Path, pyproject_toml: dict[str, Any] |
         return setup_py_python_requires(f2.read())
 
     return None
-
-
-def resolve_dependency_groups(
-    pyproject_toml: dict[str, Any] | None, *groups: str
-) -> tuple[str, ...]:
-    """
-    Get the packages in dependency-groups for a package.
-    """
-
-    if not groups:
-        return ()
-
-    if pyproject_toml is None:
-        msg = f"Didn't find a pyproject.toml, so can't read [dependency-groups] {groups!r} from it!"
-        raise FileNotFoundError(msg)
-
-    try:
-        dependency_groups_toml = pyproject_toml["dependency-groups"]
-    except KeyError:
-        msg = f"Didn't find [dependency-groups] in pyproject.toml, which is needed to resolve {groups!r}."
-        raise KeyError(msg) from None
-
-    return dependency_groups.resolve(dependency_groups_toml, *groups)

cibuildwheel/resources/_cross_venv.pth

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-import _cross_venv; _cross_venv.initialize()

cibuildwheel/resources/_cross_venv.py

@@ -1,87 +0,0 @@
-# This module is copied into the site-packages directory of an Android build environment, and
-# activated via a .pth file when we want the environment to simulate Android.
-
-import os
-import platform
-import re
-import sys
-import sysconfig
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any
-
-
-def initialize() -> None:
-    if not (host_triplet := os.environ.get("CIBW_HOST_TRIPLET")):
-        return
-
-    # os ######################################################################
-    def cross_os_uname() -> os.uname_result:
-        return os.uname_result(
-            (
-                "Linux",
-                "localhost",
-                # The Linux kernel version and release are unlikely to be significant, but return
-                # realistic values anyway (from an API level 24 emulator).
-                "3.18.91+",
-                "#1 SMP PREEMPT Tue Jan 9 20:35:43 UTC 2018",
-                host_triplet.split("-")[0],
-            )
-        )
-
-    os.name = "posix"
-    os.uname = cross_os_uname
-
-    # platform ################################################################
-    #
-    # We can't determine the user-visible Android version number from the API level, so return a
-    # string which will work fine for display, but will fail to parse as a version number.
-    def cross_android_ver(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> platform.AndroidVer:
-        return platform.AndroidVer(
-            release=f"API level {cross_getandroidapilevel()}",
-            api_level=cross_getandroidapilevel(),
-            manufacturer="Google",
-            model="sdk_gphone64",
-            device="emu64",
-            is_emulator=True,
-        )
-
-    # platform.uname, platform.system etc. are all implemented in terms of platform.android_ver.
-    platform.android_ver = cross_android_ver
-
-    # sys #####################################################################
-    def cross_getandroidapilevel() -> int:
-        api_level = sysconfig.get_config_var("ANDROID_API_LEVEL")
-        assert isinstance(api_level, int)
-        return api_level
-
-    # Some packages may recognize sys.cross_compiling from the crossenv tool.
-    sys.cross_compiling = True  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
-    sys.getandroidapilevel = cross_getandroidapilevel  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
-    sys.implementation._multiarch = host_triplet  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
-    sys.platform = "android"
-
-    # Determine the abiflags from the sysconfigdata filename.
-    sysconfigdata_path = next(Path(__file__).parent.glob("_sysconfigdata_*.py"))
-    abiflags_match = re.match(r"_sysconfigdata_(.*?)_", sysconfigdata_path.name)
-    assert abiflags_match is not None
-    sys.abiflags = abiflags_match[1]
-
-    # sysconfig ###############################################################
-    #
-    # Load the sysconfigdata file, generating its name from sys.abiflags,
-    # sys.platform, and sys.implementation._multiarch.
-    sysconfig._init_config_vars()  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
-
-    # We don't change the actual sys.base_prefix and base_exec_prefix, because that
-    # could have unpredictable effects. Instead, we change the sysconfig variables
-    # used by sysconfig.get_paths().
-    vars = sysconfig.get_config_vars()
-    try:
-        host_prefix = vars["host_prefix"]  # This variable was added in Python 3.14.
-    except KeyError:
-        host_prefix = vars["exec_prefix"]
-    vars["installed_base"] = vars["installed_platbase"] = host_prefix
-
-    # sysconfig.get_platform, which determines the wheel tag, is implemented in terms of
-    # sys.platform, sysconfig.get_config_var("ANDROID_API_LEVEL") (see localized_vars in
-    # android.py), and os.uname.

cibuildwheel/resources/_rust_shim.py

@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-
-import os
-import shutil
-import subprocess
-import sys
-from pathlib import Path
-
-
-def main() -> None:
-    # CIBW_HOST_TRIPLET is set in the android_env to the Android target triplet.
-    target = os.environ.get("CIBW_HOST_TRIPLET")
-
-    cmd_name = Path(sys.argv[0]).name
-
-    # Find the real command in PATH, excluding the current script's directory
-    path_env = os.environ.get("PATH", "")
-    script_dir = Path(__file__).resolve().parent
-
-    paths = path_env.split(os.pathsep)
-    # Filter out the script directory to avoid recursion
-    filtered_paths = [p for p in paths if Path(p).resolve() != script_dir]
-    filtered_path_env = os.pathsep.join(filtered_paths)
-
-    real_cmd = shutil.which(cmd_name, path=filtered_path_env)
-
-    if not real_cmd:
-        sys.stderr.write(f"cibuildwheel: Error: Could not find system {cmd_name}\n")
-        sys.exit(1)
-
-    # If we have a target (i.e. we are in the android_env), try to install it.
-    if target:
-        # Check if rustup is available to install the target
-        rustup_path = shutil.which("rustup", path=filtered_path_env)
-
-        if rustup_path:
-            try:
-                # We call rustup to ensure the target is installed.
-                subprocess.run(
-                    [rustup_path, "target", "add", target],
-                    check=True,
-                    stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-                    stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
-                    text=True,
-                )
-            except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
-                sys.stderr.write(
-                    f"cibuildwheel: Error: Failed to install Rust target {target}: {e.stderr}\n"
-                )
-                sys.exit(1)
-
-    # Execute the real command
-    os.execv(real_cmd, [real_cmd, *sys.argv[1:]])
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    main()

cibuildwheel/resources/build-platforms.toml

@@ -1,151 +1,93 @@
 [linux]
 python_configurations = [
+  { identifier = "cp36-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.6", path_str = "/opt/python/cp36-cp36m" },
+  { identifier = "cp37-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.7", path_str = "/opt/python/cp37-cp37m" },
   { identifier = "cp38-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.8", path_str = "/opt/python/cp38-cp38" },
   { identifier = "cp39-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.9", path_str = "/opt/python/cp39-cp39" },
   { identifier = "cp310-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.10", path_str = "/opt/python/cp310-cp310" },
   { identifier = "cp311-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/cp311-cp311" },
   { identifier = "cp312-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.12", path_str = "/opt/python/cp312-cp312" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313" },
+  { identifier = "cp36-manylinux_i686", version = "3.6", path_str = "/opt/python/cp36-cp36m" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313t" },
+  { identifier = "cp37-manylinux_i686", version = "3.7", path_str = "/opt/python/cp37-cp37m" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314t" },
   { identifier = "cp38-manylinux_i686", version = "3.8", path_str = "/opt/python/cp38-cp38" },
   { identifier = "cp39-manylinux_i686", version = "3.9", path_str = "/opt/python/cp39-cp39" },
   { identifier = "cp310-manylinux_i686", version = "3.10", path_str = "/opt/python/cp310-cp310" },
   { identifier = "cp311-manylinux_i686", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/cp311-cp311" },
   { identifier = "cp312-manylinux_i686", version = "3.12", path_str = "/opt/python/cp312-cp312" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-manylinux_i686", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313" },
+  { identifier = "pp37-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.7", path_str = "/opt/python/pp37-pypy37_pp73" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-manylinux_i686", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313t" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-manylinux_i686", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-manylinux_i686", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314t" },
   { identifier = "pp38-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.8", path_str = "/opt/python/pp38-pypy38_pp73" },
   { identifier = "pp39-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.9", path_str = "/opt/python/pp39-pypy39_pp73" },
   { identifier = "pp310-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.10", path_str = "/opt/python/pp310-pypy310_pp73" },
-  { identifier = "pp311-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/pp311-pypy311_pp73" },
+  { identifier = "cp36-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.6", path_str = "/opt/python/cp36-cp36m" },
-  { identifier = "gp311_242-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/graalpy311-graalpy242_311_native" },
+  { identifier = "cp37-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.7", path_str = "/opt/python/cp37-cp37m" },
-  { identifier = "gp312_250-manylinux_x86_64", version = "3.12", path_str = "/opt/python/graalpy312-graalpy250_312_native" },
   { identifier = "cp38-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.8", path_str = "/opt/python/cp38-cp38" },
   { identifier = "cp39-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.9", path_str = "/opt/python/cp39-cp39" },
   { identifier = "cp310-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.10", path_str = "/opt/python/cp310-cp310" },
   { identifier = "cp311-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/cp311-cp311" },
   { identifier = "cp312-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.12", path_str = "/opt/python/cp312-cp312" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313" },
+  { identifier = "cp36-manylinux_ppc64le", version = "3.6", path_str = "/opt/python/cp36-cp36m" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313t" },
+  { identifier = "cp37-manylinux_ppc64le", version = "3.7", path_str = "/opt/python/cp37-cp37m" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314t" },
   { identifier = "cp38-manylinux_ppc64le", version = "3.8", path_str = "/opt/python/cp38-cp38" },
   { identifier = "cp39-manylinux_ppc64le", version = "3.9", path_str = "/opt/python/cp39-cp39" },
   { identifier = "cp310-manylinux_ppc64le", version = "3.10", path_str = "/opt/python/cp310-cp310" },
   { identifier = "cp311-manylinux_ppc64le", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/cp311-cp311" },
   { identifier = "cp312-manylinux_ppc64le", version = "3.12", path_str = "/opt/python/cp312-cp312" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-manylinux_ppc64le", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313" },
+  { identifier = "cp36-manylinux_s390x", version = "3.6", path_str = "/opt/python/cp36-cp36m" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-manylinux_ppc64le", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313t" },
+  { identifier = "cp37-manylinux_s390x", version = "3.7", path_str = "/opt/python/cp37-cp37m" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-manylinux_ppc64le", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-manylinux_ppc64le", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314t" },
   { identifier = "cp38-manylinux_s390x", version = "3.8", path_str = "/opt/python/cp38-cp38" },
   { identifier = "cp39-manylinux_s390x", version = "3.9", path_str = "/opt/python/cp39-cp39" },
   { identifier = "cp310-manylinux_s390x", version = "3.10", path_str = "/opt/python/cp310-cp310" },
   { identifier = "cp311-manylinux_s390x", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/cp311-cp311" },
   { identifier = "cp312-manylinux_s390x", version = "3.12", path_str = "/opt/python/cp312-cp312" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-manylinux_s390x", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313" },
+  { identifier = "pp37-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.7", path_str = "/opt/python/pp37-pypy37_pp73" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-manylinux_s390x", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313t" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-manylinux_s390x", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-manylinux_s390x", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314t" },
-  { identifier = "cp38-manylinux_armv7l", version = "3.8", path_str = "/opt/python/cp38-cp38" },
-  { identifier = "cp39-manylinux_armv7l", version = "3.9", path_str = "/opt/python/cp39-cp39" },
-  { identifier = "cp310-manylinux_armv7l", version = "3.10", path_str = "/opt/python/cp310-cp310" },
-  { identifier = "cp311-manylinux_armv7l", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/cp311-cp311" },
-  { identifier = "cp312-manylinux_armv7l", version = "3.12", path_str = "/opt/python/cp312-cp312" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-manylinux_armv7l", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-manylinux_armv7l", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313t" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-manylinux_armv7l", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-manylinux_armv7l", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314t" },
-  { identifier = "cp38-manylinux_riscv64", version = "3.8", path_str = "/opt/python/cp38-cp38" },
-  { identifier = "cp39-manylinux_riscv64", version = "3.9", path_str = "/opt/python/cp39-cp39" },
-  { identifier = "cp310-manylinux_riscv64", version = "3.10", path_str = "/opt/python/cp310-cp310" },
-  { identifier = "cp311-manylinux_riscv64", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/cp311-cp311" },
-  { identifier = "cp312-manylinux_riscv64", version = "3.12", path_str = "/opt/python/cp312-cp312" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-manylinux_riscv64", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-manylinux_riscv64", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313t" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-manylinux_riscv64", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-manylinux_riscv64", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314t" },
   { identifier = "pp38-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.8", path_str = "/opt/python/pp38-pypy38_pp73" },
   { identifier = "pp39-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.9", path_str = "/opt/python/pp39-pypy39_pp73" },
   { identifier = "pp310-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.10", path_str = "/opt/python/pp310-pypy310_pp73" },
-  { identifier = "pp311-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/pp311-pypy311_pp73" },
+  { identifier = "pp37-manylinux_i686", version = "3.7", path_str = "/opt/python/pp37-pypy37_pp73" },
-  { identifier = "gp311_242-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/graalpy311-graalpy242_311_native" },
-  { identifier = "gp312_250-manylinux_aarch64", version = "3.12", path_str = "/opt/python/graalpy312-graalpy250_312_native" },
   { identifier = "pp38-manylinux_i686", version = "3.8", path_str = "/opt/python/pp38-pypy38_pp73" },
   { identifier = "pp39-manylinux_i686", version = "3.9", path_str = "/opt/python/pp39-pypy39_pp73" },
   { identifier = "pp310-manylinux_i686", version = "3.10", path_str = "/opt/python/pp310-pypy310_pp73" },
-  { identifier = "pp311-manylinux_i686", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/pp311-pypy311_pp73" },
+  { identifier = "cp36-musllinux_x86_64", version = "3.6", path_str = "/opt/python/cp36-cp36m" },
+  { identifier = "cp37-musllinux_x86_64", version = "3.7", path_str = "/opt/python/cp37-cp37m" },
   { identifier = "cp38-musllinux_x86_64", version = "3.8", path_str = "/opt/python/cp38-cp38" },
   { identifier = "cp39-musllinux_x86_64", version = "3.9", path_str = "/opt/python/cp39-cp39" },
   { identifier = "cp310-musllinux_x86_64", version = "3.10", path_str = "/opt/python/cp310-cp310" },
   { identifier = "cp311-musllinux_x86_64", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/cp311-cp311" },
   { identifier = "cp312-musllinux_x86_64", version = "3.12", path_str = "/opt/python/cp312-cp312" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-musllinux_x86_64", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313" },
+  { identifier = "cp36-musllinux_i686", version = "3.6", path_str = "/opt/python/cp36-cp36m" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-musllinux_x86_64", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313t" },
+  { identifier = "cp37-musllinux_i686", version = "3.7", path_str = "/opt/python/cp37-cp37m" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-musllinux_x86_64", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-musllinux_x86_64", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314t" },
   { identifier = "cp38-musllinux_i686", version = "3.8", path_str = "/opt/python/cp38-cp38" },
   { identifier = "cp39-musllinux_i686", version = "3.9", path_str = "/opt/python/cp39-cp39" },
   { identifier = "cp310-musllinux_i686", version = "3.10", path_str = "/opt/python/cp310-cp310" },
   { identifier = "cp311-musllinux_i686", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/cp311-cp311" },
   { identifier = "cp312-musllinux_i686", version = "3.12", path_str = "/opt/python/cp312-cp312" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-musllinux_i686", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313" },
+  { identifier = "cp36-musllinux_aarch64", version = "3.6", path_str = "/opt/python/cp36-cp36m" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-musllinux_i686", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313t" },
+  { identifier = "cp37-musllinux_aarch64", version = "3.7", path_str = "/opt/python/cp37-cp37m" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-musllinux_i686", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-musllinux_i686", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314t" },
   { identifier = "cp38-musllinux_aarch64", version = "3.8", path_str = "/opt/python/cp38-cp38" },
   { identifier = "cp39-musllinux_aarch64", version = "3.9", path_str = "/opt/python/cp39-cp39" },
   { identifier = "cp310-musllinux_aarch64", version = "3.10", path_str = "/opt/python/cp310-cp310" },
   { identifier = "cp311-musllinux_aarch64", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/cp311-cp311" },
   { identifier = "cp312-musllinux_aarch64", version = "3.12", path_str = "/opt/python/cp312-cp312" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-musllinux_aarch64", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313" },
+  { identifier = "cp36-musllinux_ppc64le", version = "3.6", path_str = "/opt/python/cp36-cp36m" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-musllinux_aarch64", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313t" },
+  { identifier = "cp37-musllinux_ppc64le", version = "3.7", path_str = "/opt/python/cp37-cp37m" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-musllinux_aarch64", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-musllinux_aarch64", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314t" },
   { identifier = "cp38-musllinux_ppc64le", version = "3.8", path_str = "/opt/python/cp38-cp38" },
   { identifier = "cp39-musllinux_ppc64le", version = "3.9", path_str = "/opt/python/cp39-cp39" },
   { identifier = "cp310-musllinux_ppc64le", version = "3.10", path_str = "/opt/python/cp310-cp310" },
   { identifier = "cp311-musllinux_ppc64le", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/cp311-cp311" },
   { identifier = "cp312-musllinux_ppc64le", version = "3.12", path_str = "/opt/python/cp312-cp312" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-musllinux_ppc64le", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313" },
+  { identifier = "cp36-musllinux_s390x", version = "3.6", path_str = "/opt/python/cp36-cp36m" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-musllinux_ppc64le", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313t" },
+  { identifier = "cp37-musllinux_s390x", version = "3.7", path_str = "/opt/python/cp37-cp37m" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-musllinux_ppc64le", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-musllinux_ppc64le", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314t" },
   { identifier = "cp38-musllinux_s390x", version = "3.8", path_str = "/opt/python/cp38-cp38" },
   { identifier = "cp39-musllinux_s390x", version = "3.9", path_str = "/opt/python/cp39-cp39" },
   { identifier = "cp310-musllinux_s390x", version = "3.10", path_str = "/opt/python/cp310-cp310" },
   { identifier = "cp311-musllinux_s390x", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/cp311-cp311" },
   { identifier = "cp312-musllinux_s390x", version = "3.12", path_str = "/opt/python/cp312-cp312" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-musllinux_s390x", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-musllinux_s390x", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313t" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-musllinux_s390x", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-musllinux_s390x", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314t" },
-  { identifier = "cp38-musllinux_armv7l", version = "3.8", path_str = "/opt/python/cp38-cp38" },
-  { identifier = "cp39-musllinux_armv7l", version = "3.9", path_str = "/opt/python/cp39-cp39" },
-  { identifier = "cp310-musllinux_armv7l", version = "3.10", path_str = "/opt/python/cp310-cp310" },
-  { identifier = "cp311-musllinux_armv7l", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/cp311-cp311" },
-  { identifier = "cp312-musllinux_armv7l", version = "3.12", path_str = "/opt/python/cp312-cp312" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-musllinux_armv7l", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-musllinux_armv7l", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313t" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-musllinux_armv7l", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-musllinux_armv7l", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314t" },
-  { identifier = "cp38-musllinux_riscv64", version = "3.8", path_str = "/opt/python/cp38-cp38" },
-  { identifier = "cp39-musllinux_riscv64", version = "3.9", path_str = "/opt/python/cp39-cp39" },
-  { identifier = "cp310-musllinux_riscv64", version = "3.10", path_str = "/opt/python/cp310-cp310" },
-  { identifier = "cp311-musllinux_riscv64", version = "3.11", path_str = "/opt/python/cp311-cp311" },
-  { identifier = "cp312-musllinux_riscv64", version = "3.12", path_str = "/opt/python/cp312-cp312" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-musllinux_riscv64", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-musllinux_riscv64", version = "3.13", path_str = "/opt/python/cp313-cp313t" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-musllinux_riscv64", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-musllinux_riscv64", version = "3.14", path_str = "/opt/python/cp314-cp314t" },
 ]
 
 [macos]
 python_configurations = [
+  { identifier = "cp36-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.6", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.8/python-3.6.8-macosx10.9.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp37-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.7", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.9/python-3.7.9-macosx10.9.pkg" },
   { identifier = "cp38-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.8", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.10/python-3.8.10-macosx10.9.pkg" },
   { identifier = "cp38-macosx_arm64", version = "3.8", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.10/python-3.8.10-macosx10.9.pkg" },
   { identifier = "cp38-macosx_universal2", version = "3.8", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.10/python-3.8.10-macosx10.9.pkg" },
@@ -155,94 +97,43 @@ python_configurations = [
   { identifier = "cp310-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.10", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.10.11/python-3.10.11-macos11.pkg" },
   { identifier = "cp310-macosx_arm64", version = "3.10", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.10.11/python-3.10.11-macos11.pkg" },
   { identifier = "cp310-macosx_universal2", version = "3.10", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.10.11/python-3.10.11-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp311-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.11", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.11.9/python-3.11.9-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp311-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.11", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.11.7/python-3.11.7-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp311-macosx_arm64", version = "3.11", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.11.9/python-3.11.9-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp311-macosx_arm64", version = "3.11", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.11.7/python-3.11.7-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp311-macosx_universal2", version = "3.11", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.11.9/python-3.11.9-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp311-macosx_universal2", version = "3.11", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.11.7/python-3.11.7-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp312-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.10/python-3.12.10-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp312-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.1/python-3.12.1-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp312-macosx_arm64", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.10/python-3.12.10-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp312-macosx_arm64", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.1/python-3.12.1-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp312-macosx_universal2", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.10/python-3.12.10-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "cp312-macosx_universal2", version = "3.12", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.1/python-3.12.1-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.11/python-3.13.11-macos11.pkg" },
+  { identifier = "pp37-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.7", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.7-v7.3.9-osx64.tar.bz2" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-macosx_arm64", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.11/python-3.13.11-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-macosx_universal2", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.11/python-3.13.11-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.11/python-3.13.11-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-macosx_arm64", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.11/python-3.13.11-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-macosx_universal2", version = "3.13", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.13.11/python-3.13.11-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.2/python-3.14.2-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-macosx_arm64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.2/python-3.14.2-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-macosx_universal2", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.2/python-3.14.2-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.2/python-3.14.2-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-macosx_arm64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.2/python-3.14.2-macos11.pkg" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-macosx_universal2", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.2/python-3.14.2-macos11.pkg" },
   { identifier = "pp38-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.8", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.8-v7.3.11-macos_x86_64.tar.bz2" },
   { identifier = "pp38-macosx_arm64", version = "3.8", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.8-v7.3.11-macos_arm64.tar.bz2" },
-  { identifier = "pp39-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.9", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.9-v7.3.16-macos_x86_64.tar.bz2" },
+  { identifier = "pp39-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.9", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.9-v7.3.15-macos_x86_64.tar.bz2" },
-  { identifier = "pp39-macosx_arm64", version = "3.9", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.9-v7.3.16-macos_arm64.tar.bz2" },
+  { identifier = "pp39-macosx_arm64", version = "3.9", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.9-v7.3.15-macos_arm64.tar.bz2" },
-  { identifier = "pp310-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.10", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.10-v7.3.19-macos_x86_64.tar.bz2" },
+  { identifier = "pp310-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.10", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.10-v7.3.15-macos_x86_64.tar.bz2" },
-  { identifier = "pp310-macosx_arm64", version = "3.10", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.10-v7.3.19-macos_arm64.tar.bz2" },
+  { identifier = "pp310-macosx_arm64", version = "3.10", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.10-v7.3.15-macos_arm64.tar.bz2" },
-  { identifier = "pp311-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.11", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.11-v7.3.20-macos_x86_64.tar.bz2" },
-  { identifier = "pp311-macosx_arm64", version = "3.11", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.11-v7.3.20-macos_arm64.tar.bz2" },
-  { identifier = "gp311_242-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.11", url = "https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/releases/download/graal-24.2.2/graalpy-24.2.2-macos-amd64.tar.gz" },
-  { identifier = "gp311_242-macosx_arm64", version = "3.11", url = "https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/releases/download/graal-24.2.2/graalpy-24.2.2-macos-aarch64.tar.gz" },
-  { identifier = "gp312_250-macosx_x86_64", version = "3.12", url = "https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/releases/download/graal-25.0.1/graalpy-25.0.1-macos-amd64.tar.gz" },
-  { identifier = "gp312_250-macosx_arm64", version = "3.12", url = "https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/releases/download/graal-25.0.1/graalpy-25.0.1-macos-aarch64.tar.gz" },
 ]
 
 [windows]
 python_configurations = [
-  { identifier = "cp38-win32", version = "3.8.10" },
+  { identifier = "cp36-win32", version = "3.6.8", arch = "32" },
-  { identifier = "cp38-win_amd64", version = "3.8.10" },
+  { identifier = "cp36-win_amd64", version = "3.6.8", arch = "64" },
-  { identifier = "cp39-win32", version = "3.9.13" },
+  { identifier = "cp37-win32", version = "3.7.9", arch = "32" },
-  { identifier = "cp39-win_amd64", version = "3.9.13" },
+  { identifier = "cp37-win_amd64", version = "3.7.9", arch = "64" },
-  { identifier = "cp310-win32", version = "3.10.11" },
+  { identifier = "cp38-win32", version = "3.8.10", arch = "32" },
-  { identifier = "cp310-win_amd64", version = "3.10.11" },
+  { identifier = "cp38-win_amd64", version = "3.8.10", arch = "64" },
-  { identifier = "cp311-win32", version = "3.11.9" },
+  { identifier = "cp39-win32", version = "3.9.13", arch = "32" },
-  { identifier = "cp311-win_amd64", version = "3.11.9" },
+  { identifier = "cp39-win_amd64", version = "3.9.13", arch = "64" },
-  { identifier = "cp312-win32", version = "3.12.10" },
+  { identifier = "cp310-win32", version = "3.10.11", arch = "32" },
-  { identifier = "cp312-win_amd64", version = "3.12.10" },
+  { identifier = "cp310-win_amd64", version = "3.10.11", arch = "64" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-win32", version = "3.13.11" },
+  { identifier = "cp311-win32", version = "3.11.7", arch = "32" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-win32", version = "3.13.11" },
+  { identifier = "cp311-win_amd64", version = "3.11.7", arch = "64" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-win_amd64", version = "3.13.11" },
+  { identifier = "cp312-win32", version = "3.12.1", arch = "32" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-win_amd64", version = "3.13.11" },
+  { identifier = "cp312-win_amd64", version = "3.12.1", arch = "64" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-win32", version = "3.14.2" },
+  { identifier = "cp39-win_arm64", version = "3.9.10", arch = "ARM64" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-win32", version = "3.14.2" },
+  { identifier = "cp310-win_arm64", version = "3.10.11", arch = "ARM64" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-win_amd64", version = "3.14.2" },
+  { identifier = "cp311-win_arm64", version = "3.11.7", arch = "ARM64" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-win_amd64", version = "3.14.2" },
+  { identifier = "cp312-win_arm64", version = "3.12.1", arch = "ARM64" },
-  { identifier = "cp39-win_arm64", version = "3.9.10" },
+  { identifier = "pp37-win_amd64", version = "3.7", arch = "64", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.7-v7.3.9-win64.zip" },
-  { identifier = "cp310-win_arm64", version = "3.10.11" },
+  { identifier = "pp38-win_amd64", version = "3.8", arch = "64", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.8-v7.3.11-win64.zip" },
-  { identifier = "cp311-win_arm64", version = "3.11.9" },
+  { identifier = "pp39-win_amd64", version = "3.9", arch = "64", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.9-v7.3.15-win64.zip" },
-  { identifier = "cp312-win_arm64", version = "3.12.10" },
+  { identifier = "pp310-win_amd64", version = "3.10", arch = "64", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.10-v7.3.15-win64.zip" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-win_arm64", version = "3.13.11" },
-  { identifier = "cp313t-win_arm64", version = "3.13.11" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-win_arm64", version = "3.14.2" },
-  { identifier = "cp314t-win_arm64", version = "3.14.2" },
-  { identifier = "pp38-win_amd64", version = "3.8", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.8-v7.3.11-win64.zip" },
-  { identifier = "pp39-win_amd64", version = "3.9", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.9-v7.3.16-win64.zip" },
-  { identifier = "pp310-win_amd64", version = "3.10", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.10-v7.3.19-win64.zip" },
-  { identifier = "pp311-win_amd64", version = "3.11", url = "https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.11-v7.3.20-win64.zip" },
-  { identifier = "gp311_242-win_amd64", version = "3.11", url = "https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/releases/download/graal-24.2.2/graalpy-24.2.2-windows-amd64.zip" },
-  { identifier = "gp312_250-win_amd64", version = "3.12", url = "https://github.com/oracle/graalpython/releases/download/graal-25.0.1/graalpy-25.0.1-windows-amd64.zip" },
-]
-
-[pyodide]
-python_configurations = [
-  { identifier = "cp312-pyodide_wasm32", version = "3.12", default_pyodide_version = "0.27.7", node_version = "v22" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-pyodide_wasm32", version = "3.13", default_pyodide_version = "0.29.2", node_version = "v22" },
-]
-
-[android]
-python_configurations = [
-  { identifier = "cp313-android_arm64_v8a", version = "3.13", url = "https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/chaquo/python/python/3.13.11/python-3.13.11-aarch64-linux-android.tar.gz" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-android_x86_64", version = "3.13", url = "https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/com/chaquo/python/python/3.13.11/python-3.13.11-x86_64-linux-android.tar.gz" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-android_arm64_v8a", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.2/python-3.14.2-aarch64-linux-android.tar.gz" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-android_x86_64", version = "3.14", url = "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.2/python-3.14.2-x86_64-linux-android.tar.gz" },
-]
-
-[ios]
-python_configurations = [
-  { identifier = "cp313-ios_arm64_iphoneos", version = "3.13", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.13-b12/Python-3.13-iOS-support.b12.tar.gz" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-ios_x86_64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.13", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.13-b12/Python-3.13-iOS-support.b12.tar.gz" },
-  { identifier = "cp313-ios_arm64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.13", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.13-b12/Python-3.13-iOS-support.b12.tar.gz" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-ios_arm64_iphoneos", version = "3.14", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.14-b8/Python-3.14-iOS-support.b8.tar.gz" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-ios_x86_64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.14", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.14-b8/Python-3.14-iOS-support.b8.tar.gz" },
-  { identifier = "cp314-ios_arm64_iphonesimulator", version = "3.14", url = "https://github.com/beeware/Python-Apple-support/releases/download/3.14-b8/Python-3.14-iOS-support.b8.tar.gz" },
 ]

cibuildwheel/resources/cibuildwheel.schema.json

@@ -1,47 +1,10 @@
 {
-  "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
   "$id": "https://github.com/pypa/cibuildwheel/blob/main/cibuildwheel/resources/cibuildwheel.schema.json",
-  "$defs": {
+  "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema",
-    "inherit": {
-      "enum": [
-        "none",
-        "prepend",
-        "append"
-      ],
-      "default": "none",
-      "description": "How to inherit the parent's value."
-    },
-    "enable": {
-      "enum": [
-        "cpython-freethreading",
-        "cpython-prerelease",
-        "graalpy",
-        "pyodide-prerelease",
-        "pypy",
-        "pypy-eol"
-      ]
-    },
-    "description": "A Python version or flavor to enable."
-  },
   "additionalProperties": false,
   "description": "cibuildwheel's settings.",
   "type": "object",
   "properties": {
-    "audit": {
-      "description": "Execute a shell command to audit each wheel after all builds complete. Use {wheel} for each wheel path, or {abi3_wheel} to only audit abi3 wheels.",
-      "oneOf": [
-        {
-          "type": "string"
-        },
-        {
-          "type": "array",
-          "items": {
-            "type": "string"
-          }
-        }
-      ],
-      "title": "CIBW_AUDIT"
-    },
     "archs": {
       "description": "Change the architectures built on your machine by default.",
       "oneOf": [
@@ -122,13 +85,12 @@
     },
     "build-frontend": {
       "default": "default",
-      "description": "Set the tool to use to build, either \"build\" (default), \"build[uv]\", or \"pip\"",
+      "description": "Set the tool to use to build, either \"pip\" (default for now) or \"build\"",
       "oneOf": [
         {
           "enum": [
             "pip",
             "build",
-            "build[uv]",
             "default"
           ]
         },
@@ -140,10 +102,6 @@
           "type": "string",
           "pattern": "^build; ?args:"
         },
-        {
-          "type": "string",
-          "pattern": "^build\\[uv\\]; ?args:"
-        },
         {
           "type": "object",
           "additionalProperties": false,
@@ -154,8 +112,7 @@
             "name": {
               "enum": [
                 "pip",
-                "build",
+                "build"
-                "build[uv]"
               ]
             },
             "args": {
@@ -251,62 +208,9 @@
     "dependency-versions": {
       "default": "pinned",
       "description": "Specify how cibuildwheel controls the versions of the tools it uses",
-      "oneOf": [
+      "type": "string",
-        {
-          "enum": [
-            "pinned",
-            "latest"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "type": "string",
-          "description": "Path to a file containing dependency versions, or inline package specifications, starting with \"packages:\"",
-          "not": {
-            "enum": [
-              "pinned",
-              "latest"
-            ]
-          }
-        },
-        {
-          "type": "object",
-          "additionalProperties": false,
-          "properties": {
-            "file": {
-              "type": "string"
-            }
-          }
-        },
-        {
-          "type": "object",
-          "additionalProperties": false,
-          "properties": {
-            "packages": {
-              "type": "array",
-              "items": {
-                "type": "string"
-              }
-            }
-          }
-        }
-      ],
       "title": "CIBW_DEPENDENCY_VERSIONS"
     },
-    "enable": {
-      "description": "Enable or disable certain builds.",
-      "oneOf": [
-        {
-          "$ref": "#/$defs/enable"
-        },
-        {
-          "type": "array",
-          "items": {
-            "$ref": "#/$defs/enable"
-          }
-        }
-      ],
-      "title": "CIBW_ENABLE"
-    },
     "environment": {
       "description": "Set environment variables needed during the build.",
       "oneOf": [
@@ -345,11 +249,6 @@
       "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
       "title": "CIBW_MANYLINUX_AARCH64_IMAGE"
     },
-    "manylinux-armv7l-image": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
-      "title": "CIBW_MANYLINUX_ARMV7L_IMAGE"
-    },
     "manylinux-i686-image": {
       "type": "string",
       "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
@@ -375,11 +274,6 @@
       "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
       "title": "CIBW_MANYLINUX_PYPY_X86_64_IMAGE"
     },
-    "manylinux-riscv64-image": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
-      "title": "CIBW_MANYLINUX_RISCV64_IMAGE"
-    },
     "manylinux-s390x-image": {
       "type": "string",
       "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
@@ -395,11 +289,6 @@
       "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
       "title": "CIBW_MUSLLINUX_AARCH64_IMAGE"
     },
-    "musllinux-armv7l-image": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
-      "title": "CIBW_MUSLLINUX_ARMV7L_IMAGE"
-    },
     "musllinux-i686-image": {
       "type": "string",
       "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
@@ -410,11 +299,6 @@
       "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
       "title": "CIBW_MUSLLINUX_PPC64LE_IMAGE"
     },
-    "musllinux-riscv64-image": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
-      "title": "CIBW_MUSLLINUX_RISCV64_IMAGE"
-    },
     "musllinux-s390x-image": {
       "type": "string",
       "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
@@ -425,26 +309,6 @@
       "description": "Specify alternative manylinux / musllinux container images",
       "title": "CIBW_MUSLLINUX_X86_64_IMAGE"
     },
-    "xbuild-tools": {
-      "description": "Binaries on the path that should be included in an isolated cross-build environment",
-      "oneOf": [
-        {
-          "type": "string"
-        },
-        {
-          "type": "array",
-          "items": {
-            "type": "string"
-          }
-        }
-      ],
-      "title": "CIBW_XBUILD_TOOLS"
-    },
-    "pyodide-version": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "description": "Specify the version of Pyodide to use",
-      "title": "CIBW_PYODIDE_VERSION"
-    },
     "repair-wheel-command": {
       "description": "Execute a shell command to repair each built wheel.",
       "oneOf": [
@@ -505,36 +369,6 @@
       ],
       "title": "CIBW_TEST_EXTRAS"
     },
-    "test-sources": {
-      "description": "Test files that are required by the test environment",
-      "oneOf": [
-        {
-          "type": "string"
-        },
-        {
-          "type": "array",
-          "items": {
-            "type": "string"
-          }
-        }
-      ],
-      "title": "CIBW_TEST_SOURCES"
-    },
-    "test-groups": {
-      "description": "Install extra groups when testing",
-      "oneOf": [
-        {
-          "type": "string"
-        },
-        {
-          "type": "array",
-          "items": {
-            "type": "string"
-          }
-        }
-      ],
-      "title": "CIBW_TEST_GROUPS"
-    },
     "test-requires": {
       "description": "Install Python dependencies before running the tests",
       "oneOf": [
@@ -565,57 +399,6 @@
       ],
       "title": "CIBW_TEST_SKIP"
     },
-    "test-environment": {
-      "description": "Set environment variables for the test environment",
-      "oneOf": [
-        {
-          "type": "string"
-        },
-        {
-          "type": "object",
-          "additionalProperties": false,
-          "patternProperties": {
-            ".+": {
-              "type": "string"
-            }
-          }
-        }
-      ],
-      "title": "CIBW_TEST_ENVIRONMENT"
-    },
-    "test-runtime": {
-      "description": "Additional configuration for the test runner",
-      "oneOf": [
-        {
-          "type": "string",
-          "pattern": "^$"
-        },
-        {
-          "type": "object",
-          "additionalProperties": false
-        },
-        {
-          "type": "string",
-          "pattern": "args:"
-        },
-        {
-          "type": "object",
-          "additionalProperties": false,
-          "required": [
-            "args"
-          ],
-          "properties": {
-            "args": {
-              "type": "array",
-              "items": {
-                "type": "string"
-              }
-            }
-          }
-        }
-      ],
-      "title": "CIBW_TEST_RUNTIME"
-    },
     "overrides": {
       "type": "array",
       "description": "An overrides array",
@@ -640,57 +423,6 @@
               }
             ]
           },
-          "inherit": {
-            "type": "object",
-            "additionalProperties": false,
-            "properties": {
-              "before-all": {
-                "$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"
-              },
-              "before-build": {
-                "$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"
-              },
-              "xbuild-tools": {
-                "$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"
-              },
-              "before-test": {
-                "$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"
-              },
-              "config-settings": {
-                "$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"
-              },
-              "container-engine": {
-                "$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"
-              },
-              "environment": {
-                "$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"
-              },
-              "environment-pass": {
-                "$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"
-              },
-              "repair-wheel-command": {
-                "$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"
-              },
-              "test-command": {
-                "$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"
-              },
-              "test-extras": {
-                "$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"
-              },
-              "test-sources": {
-                "$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"
-              },
-              "test-requires": {
-                "$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"
-              },
-              "test-environment": {
-                "$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"
-              },
-              "test-runtime": {
-                "$ref": "#/$defs/inherit"
-              }
-            }
-          },
           "before-all": {
             "$ref": "#/properties/before-all"
           },
@@ -709,9 +441,6 @@
           "config-settings": {
             "$ref": "#/properties/config-settings"
           },
-          "container-engine": {
-            "$ref": "#/properties/container-engine"
-          },
           "dependency-versions": {
             "$ref": "#/properties/dependency-versions"
           },
@@ -724,9 +453,6 @@
           "manylinux-aarch64-image": {
             "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-aarch64-image"
           },
-          "manylinux-armv7l-image": {
-            "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-armv7l-image"
-          },
           "manylinux-i686-image": {
             "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-i686-image"
           },
@@ -742,9 +468,6 @@
           "manylinux-pypy_x86_64-image": {
             "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-pypy_x86_64-image"
           },
-          "manylinux-riscv64-image": {
-            "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-riscv64-image"
-          },
           "manylinux-s390x-image": {
             "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-s390x-image"
           },
@@ -754,30 +477,18 @@
           "musllinux-aarch64-image": {
             "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-aarch64-image"
           },
-          "musllinux-armv7l-image": {
-            "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-armv7l-image"
-          },
           "musllinux-i686-image": {
             "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-i686-image"
           },
           "musllinux-ppc64le-image": {
             "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-ppc64le-image"
           },
-          "musllinux-riscv64-image": {
-            "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-riscv64-image"
-          },
           "musllinux-s390x-image": {
             "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-s390x-image"
           },
           "musllinux-x86_64-image": {
             "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-x86_64-image"
           },
-          "xbuild-tools": {
-            "$ref": "#/properties/xbuild-tools"
-          },
-          "pyodide-version": {
-            "$ref": "#/properties/pyodide-version"
-          },
           "repair-wheel-command": {
             "$ref": "#/properties/repair-wheel-command"
           },
@@ -787,20 +498,8 @@
           "test-extras": {
             "$ref": "#/properties/test-extras"
           },
-          "test-sources": {
-            "$ref": "#/properties/test-sources"
-          },
-          "test-groups": {
-            "$ref": "#/properties/test-groups"
-          },
           "test-requires": {
             "$ref": "#/properties/test-requires"
-          },
-          "test-environment": {
-            "$ref": "#/properties/test-environment"
-          },
-          "test-runtime": {
-            "$ref": "#/properties/test-runtime"
           }
         }
       }
@@ -830,9 +529,6 @@
         "config-settings": {
           "$ref": "#/properties/config-settings"
         },
-        "container-engine": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/container-engine"
-        },
         "environment": {
           "$ref": "#/properties/environment"
         },
@@ -842,9 +538,6 @@
         "manylinux-aarch64-image": {
           "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-aarch64-image"
         },
-        "manylinux-armv7l-image": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-armv7l-image"
-        },
         "manylinux-i686-image": {
           "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-i686-image"
         },
@@ -860,9 +553,6 @@
         "manylinux-pypy_x86_64-image": {
           "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-pypy_x86_64-image"
         },
-        "manylinux-riscv64-image": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-riscv64-image"
-        },
         "manylinux-s390x-image": {
           "$ref": "#/properties/manylinux-s390x-image"
         },
@@ -872,30 +562,18 @@
         "musllinux-aarch64-image": {
           "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-aarch64-image"
         },
-        "musllinux-armv7l-image": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-armv7l-image"
-        },
         "musllinux-i686-image": {
           "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-i686-image"
         },
         "musllinux-ppc64le-image": {
           "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-ppc64le-image"
         },
-        "musllinux-riscv64-image": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-riscv64-image"
-        },
         "musllinux-s390x-image": {
           "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-s390x-image"
         },
         "musllinux-x86_64-image": {
           "$ref": "#/properties/musllinux-x86_64-image"
         },
-        "xbuild-tools": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/xbuild-tools"
-        },
-        "pyodide-version": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/pyodide-version"
-        },
         "repair-wheel-command": {
           "description": "Execute a shell command to repair each built wheel.",
           "oneOf": [
@@ -918,20 +596,8 @@
         "test-extras": {
           "$ref": "#/properties/test-extras"
         },
-        "test-sources": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-sources"
-        },
-        "test-groups": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-groups"
-        },
         "test-requires": {
           "$ref": "#/properties/test-requires"
-        },
-        "test-environment": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-environment"
-        },
-        "test-runtime": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-runtime"
         }
       }
     },
@@ -966,12 +632,6 @@
         "environment": {
           "$ref": "#/properties/environment"
         },
-        "xbuild-tools": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/xbuild-tools"
-        },
-        "pyodide-version": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/pyodide-version"
-        },
         "repair-wheel-command": {
           "$ref": "#/properties/repair-wheel-command"
         },
@@ -981,20 +641,8 @@
         "test-extras": {
           "$ref": "#/properties/test-extras"
         },
-        "test-sources": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-sources"
-        },
-        "test-groups": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-groups"
-        },
         "test-requires": {
           "$ref": "#/properties/test-requires"
-        },
-        "test-environment": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-environment"
-        },
-        "test-runtime": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-runtime"
         }
       }
     },
@@ -1029,12 +677,6 @@
         "environment": {
           "$ref": "#/properties/environment"
         },
-        "xbuild-tools": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/xbuild-tools"
-        },
-        "pyodide-version": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/pyodide-version"
-        },
         "repair-wheel-command": {
           "description": "Execute a shell command to repair each built wheel.",
           "oneOf": [
@@ -1057,209 +699,8 @@
         "test-extras": {
           "$ref": "#/properties/test-extras"
         },
-        "test-sources": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-sources"
-        },
-        "test-groups": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-groups"
-        },
         "test-requires": {
           "$ref": "#/properties/test-requires"
-        },
-        "test-environment": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-environment"
-        },
-        "test-runtime": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-runtime"
-        }
-      }
-    },
-    "pyodide": {
-      "type": "object",
-      "additionalProperties": false,
-      "properties": {
-        "archs": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/archs"
-        },
-        "before-all": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/before-all"
-        },
-        "before-build": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/before-build"
-        },
-        "before-test": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/before-test"
-        },
-        "build-frontend": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/build-frontend"
-        },
-        "build-verbosity": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/build-verbosity"
-        },
-        "config-settings": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/config-settings"
-        },
-        "dependency-versions": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/dependency-versions"
-        },
-        "environment": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/environment"
-        },
-        "xbuild-tools": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/xbuild-tools"
-        },
-        "pyodide-version": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/pyodide-version"
-        },
-        "repair-wheel-command": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/repair-wheel-command"
-        },
-        "test-command": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-command"
-        },
-        "test-extras": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-extras"
-        },
-        "test-sources": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-sources"
-        },
-        "test-groups": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-groups"
-        },
-        "test-requires": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-requires"
-        },
-        "test-environment": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-environment"
-        },
-        "test-runtime": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-runtime"
-        }
-      }
-    },
-    "android": {
-      "type": "object",
-      "additionalProperties": false,
-      "properties": {
-        "archs": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/archs"
-        },
-        "before-all": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/before-all"
-        },
-        "before-build": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/before-build"
-        },
-        "before-test": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/before-test"
-        },
-        "build-frontend": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/build-frontend"
-        },
-        "build-verbosity": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/build-verbosity"
-        },
-        "config-settings": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/config-settings"
-        },
-        "dependency-versions": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/dependency-versions"
-        },
-        "environment": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/environment"
-        },
-        "xbuild-tools": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/xbuild-tools"
-        },
-        "pyodide-version": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/pyodide-version"
-        },
-        "repair-wheel-command": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/repair-wheel-command"
-        },
-        "test-command": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-command"
-        },
-        "test-extras": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-extras"
-        },
-        "test-sources": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-sources"
-        },
-        "test-groups": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-groups"
-        },
-        "test-requires": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-requires"
-        },
-        "test-environment": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-environment"
-        },
-        "test-runtime": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-runtime"
-        }
-      }
-    },
-    "ios": {
-      "type": "object",
-      "additionalProperties": false,
-      "properties": {
-        "archs": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/archs"
-        },
-        "before-all": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/before-all"
-        },
-        "before-build": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/before-build"
-        },
-        "before-test": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/before-test"
-        },
-        "build-frontend": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/build-frontend"
-        },
-        "build-verbosity": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/build-verbosity"
-        },
-        "config-settings": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/config-settings"
-        },
-        "dependency-versions": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/dependency-versions"
-        },
-        "environment": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/environment"
-        },
-        "xbuild-tools": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/xbuild-tools"
-        },
-        "pyodide-version": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/pyodide-version"
-        },
-        "repair-wheel-command": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/repair-wheel-command"
-        },
-        "test-command": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-command"
-        },
-        "test-extras": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-extras"
-        },
-        "test-sources": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-sources"
-        },
-        "test-groups": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-groups"
-        },
-        "test-requires": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-requires"
-        },
-        "test-environment": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-environment"
-        },
-        "test-runtime": {
-          "$ref": "#/properties/test-runtime"
         }
       }
     }

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-pyodide312.txt

@@ -1,114 +0,0 @@
-# This file was autogenerated by uv via the following command:
-#    nox -s update_constraints
-annotated-types==0.7.0
-    # via pydantic
-anyio==4.12.1
-    # via httpx
-auditwheel-emscripten==0.2.1
-    # via pyodide-build
-build==1.2.2.post1
-    # via
-    #   -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
-    #   pyodide-build
-certifi==2026.1.4
-    # via
-    #   httpcore
-    #   httpx
-    #   requests
-charset-normalizer==3.4.4
-    # via requests
-click==8.1.8
-    # via
-    #   -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
-    #   typer
-distlib==0.4.0
-    # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.20.3
-    # via virtualenv
-h11==0.16.0
-    # via httpcore
-httpcore==1.0.9
-    # via httpx
-httpx==0.28.1
-    # via unearth
-idna==3.11
-    # via
-    #   anyio
-    #   httpx
-    #   requests
-leb128==1.0.9
-    # via auditwheel-emscripten
-markdown-it-py==4.0.0
-    # via rich
-mdurl==0.1.2
-    # via markdown-it-py
-packaging==26.0
-    # via
-    #   auditwheel-emscripten
-    #   build
-    #   pyodide-build
-    #   unearth
-    #   wheel
-pip==25.3
-    # via -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
-platformdirs==4.5.1
-    # via
-    #   pyodide-build
-    #   virtualenv
-pydantic==2.12.5
-    # via
-    #   pyodide-build
-    #   pyodide-lock
-pydantic-core==2.41.5
-    # via pydantic
-pygments==2.19.2
-    # via rich
-pyodide-build==0.31.2
-    # via -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
-pyodide-cli==0.4.2
-    # via
-    #   auditwheel-emscripten
-    #   pyodide-build
-pyodide-lock==0.1.1
-    # via pyodide-build
-pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
-    # via build
-requests==2.32.5
-    # via pyodide-build
-resolvelib==1.2.1
-    # via pyodide-build
-rich==14.3.1
-    # via
-    #   pyodide-build
-    #   pyodide-cli
-    #   typer
-ruamel-yaml==0.19.1
-    # via pyodide-build
-shellingham==1.5.4
-    # via typer
-typer==0.21.1
-    # via
-    #   auditwheel-emscripten
-    #   pyodide-build
-    #   pyodide-cli
-typing-extensions==4.15.0
-    # via
-    #   anyio
-    #   pydantic
-    #   pydantic-core
-    #   typer
-    #   typing-inspection
-typing-inspection==0.4.2
-    # via pydantic
-unearth==0.18.2
-    # via pyodide-build
-urllib3==2.6.3
-    # via requests
-virtualenv==20.36.1
-    # via
-    #   build
-    #   pyodide-build
-wheel==0.46.3
-    # via
-    #   auditwheel-emscripten
-    #   pyodide-build

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-pyodide313.txt

@@ -1,113 +0,0 @@
-# This file was autogenerated by uv via the following command:
-#    nox -s update_constraints
-annotated-types==0.7.0
-    # via pydantic
-anyio==4.12.1
-    # via httpx
-auditwheel-emscripten==0.2.1
-    # via pyodide-build
-build==1.2.2.post1
-    # via
-    #   -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
-    #   pyodide-build
-certifi==2026.1.4
-    # via
-    #   httpcore
-    #   httpx
-    #   requests
-charset-normalizer==3.4.4
-    # via requests
-click==8.1.8
-    # via
-    #   -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
-    #   typer
-distlib==0.4.0
-    # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.20.3
-    # via virtualenv
-h11==0.16.0
-    # via httpcore
-httpcore==1.0.9
-    # via httpx
-httpx==0.28.1
-    # via unearth
-idna==3.11
-    # via
-    #   anyio
-    #   httpx
-    #   requests
-leb128==1.0.9
-    # via auditwheel-emscripten
-markdown-it-py==4.0.0
-    # via rich
-mdurl==0.1.2
-    # via markdown-it-py
-packaging==26.0
-    # via
-    #   auditwheel-emscripten
-    #   build
-    #   pyodide-build
-    #   unearth
-    #   wheel
-pip==25.3
-    # via -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
-platformdirs==4.5.1
-    # via
-    #   pyodide-build
-    #   virtualenv
-pydantic==2.12.5
-    # via
-    #   pyodide-build
-    #   pyodide-lock
-pydantic-core==2.41.5
-    # via pydantic
-pygments==2.19.2
-    # via rich
-pyodide-build==0.31.2
-    # via -r .nox/update_constraints/tmp/constraints-pyodide.in
-pyodide-cli==0.4.2
-    # via
-    #   auditwheel-emscripten
-    #   pyodide-build
-pyodide-lock==0.1.1
-    # via pyodide-build
-pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
-    # via build
-requests==2.32.5
-    # via pyodide-build
-resolvelib==1.2.1
-    # via pyodide-build
-rich==14.3.1
-    # via
-    #   pyodide-build
-    #   pyodide-cli
-    #   typer
-ruamel-yaml==0.19.1
-    # via pyodide-build
-shellingham==1.5.4
-    # via typer
-typer==0.21.1
-    # via
-    #   auditwheel-emscripten
-    #   pyodide-build
-    #   pyodide-cli
-typing-extensions==4.15.0
-    # via
-    #   pydantic
-    #   pydantic-core
-    #   typer
-    #   typing-inspection
-typing-inspection==0.4.2
-    # via pydantic
-unearth==0.18.2
-    # via pyodide-build
-urllib3==2.6.3
-    # via requests
-virtualenv==20.36.1
-    # via
-    #   build
-    #   pyodide-build
-wheel==0.46.3
-    # via
-    #   auditwheel-emscripten
-    #   pyodide-build

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python310.txt

@@ -1,36 +1,28 @@
-# This file was autogenerated by uv via the following command:
+#
-#    nox -s update_constraints
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.10
-altgraph==0.17.5
+# by the following command:
-    # via macholib
+#
-build==1.4.0
+#    nox -s update_constraints-3.10
+#
+delocate==0.10.7
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-delocate==0.13.0
+distlib==0.3.8
-    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.4.0
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.20.3
+filelock==3.13.1
     # via virtualenv
-importlib-metadata==8.7.1
+packaging==23.2
-    # via build
-macholib==1.16.4
     # via delocate
-packaging==26.0
+platformdirs==4.1.0
-    # via
-    #   build
-    #   delocate
-pip==25.3
-    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-platformdirs==4.5.1
     # via virtualenv
-pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
+typing-extensions==4.9.0
-    # via build
+    # via delocate
-tomli==2.4.0
+virtualenv==20.25.0
-    # via build
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-typing-extensions==4.15.0
+wheel==0.42.0
-    # via
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-    #   delocate
+
-    #   virtualenv
+# The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
-virtualenv==20.36.1
+pip==23.3.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+setuptools==69.0.3
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-zipp==3.23.0
-    # via importlib-metadata

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python311.txt

@@ -1,28 +1,28 @@
-# This file was autogenerated by uv via the following command:
+#
-#    nox -s update_constraints
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.11
-altgraph==0.17.5
+# by the following command:
-    # via macholib
+#
-build==1.4.0
+#    nox -s update_constraints-3.11
+#
+delocate==0.10.7
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-delocate==0.13.0
+distlib==0.3.8
-    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.4.0
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.20.3
+filelock==3.13.1
     # via virtualenv
-macholib==1.16.4
+packaging==23.2
     # via delocate
-packaging==26.0
+platformdirs==4.1.0
-    # via
-    #   build
-    #   delocate
-pip==25.3
-    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-platformdirs==4.5.1
     # via virtualenv
-pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
+typing-extensions==4.9.0
-    # via build
-typing-extensions==4.15.0
     # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.36.1
+virtualenv==20.25.0
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+wheel==0.42.0
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+
+# The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
+pip==23.3.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+setuptools==69.0.3
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python312.txt

@@ -1,28 +1,28 @@
-# This file was autogenerated by uv via the following command:
+#
-#    nox -s update_constraints
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.12
-altgraph==0.17.5
+# by the following command:
-    # via macholib
+#
-build==1.4.0
+#    nox -s update_constraints-3.12
+#
+delocate==0.10.7
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-delocate==0.13.0
+distlib==0.3.8
-    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.4.0
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.20.3
+filelock==3.13.1
     # via virtualenv
-macholib==1.16.4
+packaging==23.2
     # via delocate
-packaging==26.0
+platformdirs==4.1.0
-    # via
-    #   build
-    #   delocate
-pip==25.3
-    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-platformdirs==4.5.1
     # via virtualenv
-pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
+typing-extensions==4.9.0
-    # via build
-typing-extensions==4.15.0
     # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.36.1
+virtualenv==20.25.0
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+wheel==0.42.0
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+
+# The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
+pip==23.3.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+setuptools==69.0.3
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python313.txt

@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-# This file was autogenerated by uv via the following command:
-#    nox -s update_constraints
-altgraph==0.17.5
-    # via macholib
-build==1.4.0
-    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-delocate==0.13.0
-    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.4.0
-    # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.20.3
-    # via virtualenv
-macholib==1.16.4
-    # via delocate
-packaging==26.0
-    # via
-    #   build
-    #   delocate
-pip==25.3
-    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-platformdirs==4.5.1
-    # via virtualenv
-pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
-    # via build
-typing-extensions==4.15.0
-    # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.36.1
-    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python314.txt

@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-# This file was autogenerated by uv via the following command:
-#    nox -s update_constraints
-altgraph==0.17.5
-    # via macholib
-build==1.4.0
-    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-delocate==0.13.0
-    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.4.0
-    # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.20.3
-    # via virtualenv
-macholib==1.16.4
-    # via delocate
-packaging==26.0
-    # via
-    #   build
-    #   delocate
-pip==25.3
-    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-platformdirs==4.5.1
-    # via virtualenv
-pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
-    # via build
-typing-extensions==4.15.0
-    # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.36.1
-    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python36.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with python 3.6
+# To update, run:
+#
+#    nox -s update_constraints-3.6
+#
+delocate==0.10.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+distlib==0.3.6
+    # via virtualenv
+filelock==3.4.1
+    # via virtualenv
+importlib-metadata==4.8.3
+    # via virtualenv
+importlib-resources==5.4.0
+    # via virtualenv
+platformdirs==2.4.0
+    # via virtualenv
+typing-extensions==4.1.1
+    # via
+    #   delocate
+    #   importlib-metadata
+virtualenv==20.17.1
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+wheel==0.37.1
+    # via
+    #   -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+    #   delocate
+zipp==3.6.0
+    # via
+    #   importlib-metadata
+    #   importlib-resources
+
+# The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
+pip==21.3.1
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+setuptools==59.6.0
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python37.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.7
+# by the following command:
+#
+#    nox -s update_constraints-3.7
+#
+delocate==0.10.7
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+distlib==0.3.8
+    # via virtualenv
+filelock==3.12.2
+    # via virtualenv
+importlib-metadata==6.7.0
+    # via virtualenv
+packaging==23.2
+    # via delocate
+platformdirs==4.0.0
+    # via virtualenv
+typing-extensions==4.7.1
+    # via
+    #   delocate
+    #   importlib-metadata
+    #   platformdirs
+virtualenv==20.25.0
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+wheel==0.42.0
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+zipp==3.15.0
+    # via importlib-metadata
+
+# The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
+pip==23.3.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+setuptools==68.0.0
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python38.txt

@@ -1,36 +1,28 @@
-# This file was autogenerated by uv via the following command:
+#
-#    nox -s update_constraints
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.8
-altgraph==0.17.5
+# by the following command:
-    # via macholib
+#
-build==1.2.2.post1
+#    nox -s update_constraints-3.8
+#
+delocate==0.10.7
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-delocate==0.12.0
+distlib==0.3.8
-    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.4.0
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.16.1
+filelock==3.13.1
     # via virtualenv
-importlib-metadata==8.5.0
+packaging==23.2
-    # via build
-macholib==1.16.4
     # via delocate
-packaging==26.0
+platformdirs==4.1.0
-    # via
-    #   build
-    #   delocate
-pip==25.0.1
-    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-platformdirs==4.3.6
     # via virtualenv
-pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
+typing-extensions==4.9.0
-    # via build
+    # via delocate
-tomli==2.4.0
+virtualenv==20.25.0
-    # via build
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-typing-extensions==4.13.2
+wheel==0.42.0
-    # via
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-    #   delocate
+
-    #   virtualenv
+# The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
-virtualenv==20.36.1
+pip==23.3.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+setuptools==69.0.3
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-zipp==3.20.2
-    # via importlib-metadata

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints-python39.txt

@@ -1,36 +1,28 @@
-# This file was autogenerated by uv via the following command:
+#
-#    nox -s update_constraints
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.9
-altgraph==0.17.5
+# by the following command:
-    # via macholib
+#
-build==1.4.0
+#    nox -s update_constraints-3.9
+#
+delocate==0.10.7
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-delocate==0.13.0
+distlib==0.3.8
-    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.4.0
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.19.1
+filelock==3.13.1
     # via virtualenv
-importlib-metadata==8.7.1
+packaging==23.2
-    # via build
-macholib==1.16.4
     # via delocate
-packaging==26.0
+platformdirs==4.1.0
-    # via
-    #   build
-    #   delocate
-pip==25.3
-    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-platformdirs==4.4.0
     # via virtualenv
-pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
+typing-extensions==4.9.0
-    # via build
+    # via delocate
-tomli==2.4.0
+virtualenv==20.25.0
-    # via build
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-typing-extensions==4.15.0
+wheel==0.42.0
-    # via
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-    #   delocate
+
-    #   virtualenv
+# The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
-virtualenv==20.36.1
+pip==23.3.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+setuptools==69.0.3
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-zipp==3.23.0
-    # via importlib-metadata

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 pip
-build
+setuptools
+wheel
 delocate
 virtualenv

cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.txt

@@ -1,28 +1,28 @@
-# This file was autogenerated by uv via the following command:
+#
-#    nox -s update_constraints
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.12
-altgraph==0.17.5
+# by the following command:
-    # via macholib
+#
-build==1.4.0
+#    nox -s update_constraints-3.12
+#
+delocate==0.10.7
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-delocate==0.13.0
+distlib==0.3.8
-    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-distlib==0.4.0
     # via virtualenv
-filelock==3.20.3
+filelock==3.13.1
     # via virtualenv
-macholib==1.16.4
+packaging==23.2
     # via delocate
-packaging==26.0
+platformdirs==4.1.0
-    # via
-    #   build
-    #   delocate
-pip==25.3
-    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
-platformdirs==4.5.1
     # via virtualenv
-pyproject-hooks==1.2.0
+typing-extensions==4.9.0
-    # via build
-typing-extensions==4.15.0
     # via delocate
-virtualenv==20.36.1
+virtualenv==20.25.0
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+wheel==0.42.0
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+
+# The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
+pip==23.3.2
+    # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in
+setuptools==69.0.3
     # via -r cibuildwheel/resources/constraints.in

cibuildwheel/resources/defaults.toml

@@ -2,10 +2,8 @@
 build = "*"
 skip = ""
 test-skip = ""
-enable = []
 
 archs = ["auto"]
-audit = ""
 build-frontend = "default"
 config-settings = {}
 dependency-versions = "pinned"
@@ -15,41 +13,29 @@ build-verbosity = 0
 
 before-all = ""
 before-build = ""
-# TOML doesn't support explicit NULLs; use ["\u0000"] as a sentinel value.
-xbuild-tools = ["\u0000"]
 repair-wheel-command = ""
 
 test-command = ""
 before-test = ""
-test-sources = []
 test-requires = []
 test-extras = []
-test-groups = []
-test-environment = {}
-test-runtime = {}
 
 container-engine = "docker"
 
-pyodide-version = ""
+manylinux-x86_64-image = "manylinux2014"
+manylinux-i686-image = "manylinux2014"
+manylinux-aarch64-image = "manylinux2014"
+manylinux-ppc64le-image = "manylinux2014"
+manylinux-s390x-image = "manylinux2014"
+manylinux-pypy_x86_64-image = "manylinux2014"
+manylinux-pypy_i686-image = "manylinux2014"
+manylinux-pypy_aarch64-image = "manylinux2014"
 
-manylinux-x86_64-image = "manylinux_2_28"
+musllinux-x86_64-image = "musllinux_1_1"
-manylinux-i686-image = "manylinux_2_28"
+musllinux-i686-image = "musllinux_1_1"
-manylinux-aarch64-image = "manylinux_2_28"
+musllinux-aarch64-image = "musllinux_1_1"
-manylinux-ppc64le-image = "manylinux_2_28"
+musllinux-ppc64le-image = "musllinux_1_1"
-manylinux-s390x-image = "manylinux_2_28"
+musllinux-s390x-image = "musllinux_1_1"
-manylinux-armv7l-image = "manylinux_2_31"
-manylinux-riscv64-image = "manylinux_2_39"
-manylinux-pypy_x86_64-image = "manylinux_2_28"
-manylinux-pypy_i686-image = "manylinux_2_28"
-manylinux-pypy_aarch64-image = "manylinux_2_28"
-
-musllinux-x86_64-image = "musllinux_1_2"
-musllinux-i686-image = "musllinux_1_2"
-musllinux-aarch64-image = "musllinux_1_2"
-musllinux-ppc64le-image = "musllinux_1_2"
-musllinux-s390x-image = "musllinux_1_2"
-musllinux-armv7l-image = "musllinux_1_2"
-musllinux-riscv64-image = "musllinux_1_2"
 
 
 [tool.cibuildwheel.linux]
@@ -59,9 +45,3 @@ repair-wheel-command = "auditwheel repair -w {dest_dir} {wheel}"
 repair-wheel-command = "delocate-wheel --require-archs {delocate_archs} -w {dest_dir} -v {wheel}"
 
 [tool.cibuildwheel.windows]
-
-[tool.cibuildwheel.android]
-
-[tool.cibuildwheel.ios]
-
-[tool.cibuildwheel.pyodide]

cibuildwheel/resources/free-threaded-enable-313.xml

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
-<plist version="1.0">
-<array>
-        <dict>
-                <key>attributeSetting</key>
-                <integer>1</integer>
-                <key>choiceAttribute</key>
-                <string>selected</string>
-                <key>choiceIdentifier</key>
-                <string>org.python.Python.PythonTFramework-3.13</string>
-        </dict>
-</array>
-</plist>

cibuildwheel/resources/free-threaded-enable-314.xml

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
-<plist version="1.0">
-<array>
-        <dict>
-                <key>attributeSetting</key>
-                <integer>1</integer>
-                <key>choiceAttribute</key>
-                <string>selected</string>
-                <key>choiceIdentifier</key>
-                <string>org.python.Python.PythonTFramework-3.14</string>
-        </dict>
-</array>
-</plist>

cibuildwheel/resources/install_certifi.py

@@ -26,14 +26,14 @@ STAT_0o775 = (
 )
 
 
-def main() -> None:
+def main():
     openssl_dir, openssl_cafile = os.path.split(ssl.get_default_verify_paths().openssl_cafile)
     print(" -- pip install --upgrade certifi")
     subprocess.check_call(
         [sys.executable, "-E", "-s", "-m", "pip", "install", "--upgrade", "certifi"]
     )
 
-    import certifi  # noqa: PLC0415
+    import certifi
 
     # change working directory to the default SSL directory
     os.chdir(openssl_dir)

cibuildwheel/resources/nodejs.toml

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-url = "https://nodejs.org/dist/"
-v24 = "v24.12.0"
-v22 = "v22.21.1"
-v20 = "v20.19.6"

cibuildwheel/resources/pinned_docker_images.cfg

@@ -1,54 +1,54 @@
 [x86_64]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2026.01.04-1
+manylinux1 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux1_x86_64:2024-01-28-7b6687a
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:2026.01.04-1
+manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_x86_64:2022-08-05-4535177
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_x86_64:2026.01.04-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2024-01-23-12ffabc
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_x86_64:2026.01.04-1
+manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_x86_64:2022-12-26-0d38463
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:2024-01-23-12ffabc
+musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_x86_64:2024-01-23-12ffabc
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_x86_64:2024-01-23-12ffabc
 
 [i686]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2026.01.04-1
+manylinux1 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux1_i686:2024-01-28-7b6687a
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_i686:2026.01.04-1
+manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_i686:2022-08-05-4535177
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_i686:2026.01.04-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2024-01-23-12ffabc
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_i686:2026.01.04-1
+manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_i686:2022-12-26-0d38463
-
+musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_i686:2024-01-23-12ffabc
-[aarch64]
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_i686:2024-01-23-12ffabc
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2026.01.04-1
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64:2026.01.04-1
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_aarch64:2026.01.04-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_aarch64:2026.01.04-1
-
-[ppc64le]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_ppc64le:2026.01.04-1
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_ppc64le:2026.01.04-1
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_ppc64le:2026.01.04-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_ppc64le:2026.01.04-1
-
-[s390x]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_s390x:2026.01.04-1
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_s390x:2026.01.04-1
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_s390x:2026.01.04-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_s390x:2026.01.04-1
 
 [pypy_x86_64]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2026.01.04-1
+manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_x86_64:2022-08-05-4535177
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:2026.01.04-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64:2024-01-23-12ffabc
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_x86_64:2026.01.04-1
+manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_x86_64:2022-12-26-0d38463
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64:2024-01-23-12ffabc
 
 [pypy_i686]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2026.01.04-1
+manylinux2010 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_i686:2022-08-05-4535177
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_i686:2026.01.04-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_i686:2024-01-23-12ffabc
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_i686:2026.01.04-1
+manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_i686:2022-12-26-0d38463
+
+[aarch64]
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2024-01-23-12ffabc
+manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_aarch64:2022-12-26-0d38463
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64:2024-01-23-12ffabc
+musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_aarch64:2024-01-23-12ffabc
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_aarch64:2024-01-23-12ffabc
+
+[ppc64le]
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_ppc64le:2024-01-23-12ffabc
+manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_ppc64le:2022-12-26-0d38463
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_ppc64le:2024-01-23-12ffabc
+musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_ppc64le:2024-01-23-12ffabc
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_ppc64le:2024-01-23-12ffabc
+
+[s390x]
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_s390x:2024-01-23-12ffabc
+manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_s390x:2022-12-26-0d38463
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_s390x:2024-01-23-12ffabc
+musllinux_1_1 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_1_s390x:2024-01-23-12ffabc
+musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_s390x:2024-01-23-12ffabc
 
 [pypy_aarch64]
-manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2026.01.04-1
+manylinux2014 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_aarch64:2024-01-23-12ffabc
-manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64:2026.01.04-1
+manylinux_2_24 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_24_aarch64:2022-12-26-0d38463
-manylinux_2_34 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_34_aarch64:2026.01.04-1
+manylinux_2_28 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_aarch64:2024-01-23-12ffabc
-
-[armv7l]
-manylinux_2_31 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_31_armv7l:2026.01.04-1
-manylinux_2_35 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_35_armv7l:2026.01.04-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_armv7l:2026.01.04-1
-
-[riscv64]
-manylinux_2_39 = quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_39_riscv64:2026.01.04-1
-musllinux_1_2 = quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_riscv64:2026.01.04-1
 

cibuildwheel/resources/python-build-standalone-releases.json

@@ -1,485 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "releases": [
-    {
-      "tag": "20251217",
-      "assets": [
-        {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.19+20251217-aarch64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.10.19%2B20251217-aarch64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.19+20251217-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.10.19%2B20251217-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.19+20251217-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.10.19%2B20251217-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.19+20251217-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabi-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.10.19%2B20251217-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabi-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.19+20251217-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.10.19%2B20251217-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.19+20251217-i686-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.10.19%2B20251217-i686-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.19+20251217-ppc64le-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.10.19%2B20251217-ppc64le-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.19+20251217-riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.10.19%2B20251217-riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.19+20251217-s390x-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.10.19%2B20251217-s390x-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.19+20251217-x86_64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.10.19%2B20251217-x86_64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.19+20251217-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.10.19%2B20251217-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.19+20251217-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.10.19%2B20251217-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.19+20251217-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.10.19%2B20251217-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.19+20251217-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.10.19%2B20251217-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.19+20251217-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.10.19%2B20251217-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.19+20251217-x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.10.19%2B20251217-x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.19+20251217-x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.10.19%2B20251217-x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.10.19%2B20251217-x86_64_v4-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "cpython-3.10.19+20251217-x86_64_v4-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.10.19%2B20251217-x86_64_v4-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.11.14%2B20251217-aarch64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "cpython-3.11.14+20251217-aarch64-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.11.14%2B20251217-aarch64-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
-        {
-          "name": "cpython-3.11.14+20251217-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz",
-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.11.14%2B20251217-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.11.14%2B20251217-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.11.14%2B20251217-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabi-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.11.14%2B20251217-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.11.14%2B20251217-i686-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.11.14%2B20251217-ppc64le-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.11.14%2B20251217-x86_64-apple-darwin-install_only.tar.gz"
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.11.14%2B20251217-x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.11.14%2B20251217-x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.11.14%2B20251217-x86_64_v4-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
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-        },
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.12.12%2B20251217-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.12.12%2B20251217-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabi-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.12.12%2B20251217-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf-install_only.tar.gz"
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.12.12%2B20251217-i686-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.12.12%2B20251217-ppc64le-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.12.12%2B20251217-riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
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-        },
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.12.12%2B20251217-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz"
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.13.11%2B20251217-i686-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz"
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.13.11%2B20251217-ppc64le-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.13.11%2B20251217-riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.13.11%2B20251217-s390x-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.13.11%2B20251217-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.13.11%2B20251217-x86_64_v4-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.14.2%2B20251217-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.14.2%2B20251217-i686-pc-windows-msvc-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.14.2%2B20251217-ppc64le-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
-        },
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-          "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/python-build-standalone/releases/download/20251217/cpython-3.14.2%2B20251217-riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-install_only.tar.gz"
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-        }
-      ]
-    }
-  ]
-}

cibuildwheel/resources/testing_temp_dir_file.py

@@ -1,36 +1,17 @@
 # this file is copied to the testing cwd, to raise the below error message if
 # pytest/unittest is run from there.
 
-import sys
 import unittest
-from typing import NoReturn
 
 
 class TestStringMethods(unittest.TestCase):
-    def test_fail(self) -> NoReturn:
+    def test_fail(self):
-        if sys.platform in ["android", "ios"]:
+        self.fail(
-            msg = (
+            "cibuildwheel executes tests from a different working directory to "
-                "You tried to run tests from the testbed app's working "
+            "your project. This ensures only your wheel is imported, preventing "
-                "directory, without specifying `test-sources`. "
+            "Python from accessing files that haven't been packaged into the "
-                "On this platform, you must copy your test files to the testbed app by "
+            "wheel. Please specify a path to your tests when invoking pytest "
-                "setting the `test-sources` option in your cibuildwheel "
+            "using the {project} placeholder, e.g. `pytest {project}` or "
-                "configuration."
+            "`pytest {project}/tests`. cibuildwheel will replace {project} with "
-            )
+            "the path to your project."
-        else:
+        )
-            msg = (
-                "cibuildwheel executes tests from a different working directory to "
-                "your project. This ensures only your wheel is imported, preventing "
-                "Python from accessing files that haven't been packaged into the "
-                "wheel. "
-                "\n\n"
-                "Please specify a path to your tests when invoking pytest "
-                "using the {project} placeholder, e.g. `pytest {project}` or "
-                "`pytest {project}/tests`. cibuildwheel will replace {project} with "
-                "the path to your project. "
-                "\n\n"
-                "Alternatively, you can specify your test files using the "
-                "`test-sources` option, and cibuildwheel will copy them to the "
-                "working directory for testing."
-            )
-
-        self.fail(msg)

cibuildwheel/resources/virtualenv.toml

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-default = { version = "20.35.4", url = "https://github.com/pypa/get-virtualenv/releases/download/20.35.4/virtualenv.pyz" }
+version = "20.21.1"
+url = "https://github.com/pypa/get-virtualenv/blob/20.21.1/public/virtualenv.pyz?raw=true"

cibuildwheel/schema.py

@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import json
+from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Any
 
-from .util import resources
+DIR = Path(__file__).parent.resolve()
 
 
 def get_schema(tool_name: str = "cibuildwheel") -> dict[str, Any]:
     "Get the stored complete schema for cibuildwheel settings."
     assert tool_name == "cibuildwheel", "Only cibuildwheel is supported."
 
-    with resources.CIBUILDWHEEL_SCHEMA.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
+    with DIR.joinpath("resources/cibuildwheel.schema.json").open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
         return json.load(f)  # type: ignore[no-any-return]

cibuildwheel/selector.py

@@ -1,138 +0,0 @@
-import dataclasses
-import itertools
-from enum import StrEnum
-from fnmatch import fnmatch
-from typing import Any
-
-import bracex
-from packaging.specifiers import SpecifierSet
-from packaging.version import Version
-
-
-def selector_matches(patterns: str, string: str) -> bool:
-    """
-    Returns True if `string` is matched by any of the wildcard patterns in
-    `patterns`.
-
-    Matching is according to fnmatch, but with shell-like curly brace
-    expansion. For example, 'cp{36,37}-*' would match either of 'cp36-*' or
-    'cp37-*'.
-    """
-
-    patterns_list = patterns.split()
-    expanded_patterns = itertools.chain.from_iterable(bracex.expand(p) for p in patterns_list)
-    return any(fnmatch(string, pat) for pat in expanded_patterns)
-
-
-class EnableGroup(StrEnum):
-    """
-    Groups of build selectors that are not enabled by default.
-    """
-
-    CPythonFreeThreading = "cpython-freethreading"
-    CPythonPrerelease = "cpython-prerelease"
-    GraalPy = "graalpy"
-    PyPy = "pypy"
-    PyPyEoL = "pypy-eol"
-    PyodidePrerelease = "pyodide-prerelease"
-
-    @classmethod
-    def all_groups(cls) -> frozenset["EnableGroup"]:
-        return frozenset(cls)
-
-    @classmethod
-    def parse_option_value(cls, value: str) -> frozenset["EnableGroup"]:
-        """
-        Parses a string of space-separated values into a set of EnableGroup
-        members. The string may contain group names or "all".
-        """
-        result = set()
-        for group in value.strip().split():
-            if group == "all":
-                return cls.all_groups()
-            try:
-                result.add(cls(group))
-            except ValueError:
-                msg = f"Unknown enable group: {group}"
-                raise ValueError(msg) from None
-        return frozenset(result)
-
-
-@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True, kw_only=True)
-class BuildSelector:
-    """
-    This class holds a set of build/skip patterns. You call an instance with a
-    build identifier, and it returns True if that identifier should be
-    included. Only call this on valid identifiers, ones that have at least 2
-    numeric digits before the first dash.
-    """
-
-    build_config: str
-    skip_config: str
-    requires_python: SpecifierSet | None = None
-    enable: frozenset[EnableGroup] = frozenset()
-
-    def __call__(self, build_id: str) -> bool:
-        # Filter build selectors by python_requires if set
-        if self.requires_python is not None:
-            py_ver_str = build_id.split("-")[0].split("_")[0]
-            py_ver_str = py_ver_str.removesuffix("t")
-            major = int(py_ver_str[2])
-            minor = int(py_ver_str[3:])
-            version = Version(f"{major}.{minor}.99")
-            if not self.requires_python.contains(version):
-                return False
-
-        # filter out groups that are not enabled
-        if EnableGroup.CPythonFreeThreading not in self.enable and fnmatch(build_id, "cp313t-*"):
-            return False
-        if EnableGroup.CPythonPrerelease not in self.enable and fnmatch(build_id, "cp315*"):
-            return False
-        is_pypy_eol = fnmatch(build_id, "pp3?-*") or fnmatch(build_id, "pp310-*")
-        is_pypy = fnmatch(build_id, "pp*") and not is_pypy_eol
-        if EnableGroup.PyPy not in self.enable and is_pypy:
-            return False
-        if EnableGroup.PyPyEoL not in self.enable and is_pypy_eol:
-            return False
-        if EnableGroup.GraalPy not in self.enable and fnmatch(build_id, "gp*"):
-            return False
-        # TODO: Re-enable this when we have Pyodide prereleases again (e.g., 0.29.0a1+)
-        # Python 3.13 support became stable in Pyodide 0.28.0, so it no longer needs a prerelease
-        # flag.
-        # Also update Pyodide tests in unit_test/build_selector_test.py accordingly.
-        # When re-enabling, update the pattern to match the experimental Python version in case
-        # it is bumped to Python 3.14 (likely cp314-pyodide_* but could remain as 3.13 as well).
-        # This depends on the CPython version being used in the Pyodide runtime at the time.
-        # if EnableGroup.PyodidePrerelease not in self.enable and fnmatch(
-        #     build_id, "cp313-pyodide_*"
-        # ):
-        #     return False
-
-        should_build = selector_matches(self.build_config, build_id)
-        should_skip = selector_matches(self.skip_config, build_id)
-
-        return should_build and not should_skip
-
-    def options_summary(self) -> Any:
-        return {
-            "build_config": self.build_config,
-            "skip_config": self.skip_config,
-            "requires_python": str(self.requires_python),
-            "enable": sorted(group.value for group in self.enable),
-        }
-
-
-@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True, kw_only=True)
-class TestSelector:
-    """
-    A build selector that can only skip tests according to a skip pattern.
-    """
-
-    skip_config: str
-
-    def __call__(self, build_id: str) -> bool:
-        should_skip = selector_matches(self.skip_config, build_id)
-        return not should_skip
-
-    def options_summary(self) -> Any:
-        return {"skip_config": self.skip_config}

cibuildwheel/typing.py

@@ -1,21 +1,32 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import os
+import subprocess
 import typing
-from typing import Final, Literal, Protocol
+from typing import Final, Literal, Protocol, Union
 
 __all__ = (
     "PLATFORMS",
     "PathOrStr",
     "PlatformName",
+    "PLATFORMS",
+    "PopenBytes",
 )
 
 
-PathOrStr = str | os.PathLike[str]
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    PopenBytes = subprocess.Popen[bytes]
+    PathOrStr = Union[str, os.PathLike[str]]
+else:
+    PopenBytes = subprocess.Popen
+    PathOrStr = Union[str, "os.PathLike[str]"]
 
 
-PlatformName = Literal["linux", "macos", "windows", "pyodide", "android", "ios"]
+PlatformName = Literal["linux", "macos", "windows"]
-PLATFORMS: Final[frozenset[PlatformName]] = frozenset(typing.get_args(PlatformName))
+PLATFORMS: Final[set[PlatformName]] = {"linux", "macos", "windows"}
 
 
 class GenericPythonConfiguration(Protocol):
     @property
-    def identifier(self) -> str: ...
+    def identifier(self) -> str:
+        ...

cibuildwheel/util.py

@@ -0,0 +1,762 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import contextlib
+import fnmatch
+import itertools
+import os
+import re
+import shlex
+import ssl
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import textwrap
+import time
+import typing
+import urllib.request
+from collections import defaultdict
+from collections.abc import Generator, Iterable, Mapping, Sequence
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from enum import Enum
+from functools import cached_property, lru_cache
+from pathlib import Path, PurePath
+from time import sleep
+from typing import Any, ClassVar, Final, Literal, TextIO, TypeVar
+
+import bracex
+import certifi
+from filelock import FileLock
+from packaging.requirements import InvalidRequirement, Requirement
+from packaging.specifiers import SpecifierSet
+from packaging.utils import parse_wheel_filename
+from packaging.version import Version
+from platformdirs import user_cache_path
+
+from ._compat import tomllib
+from .typing import PathOrStr, PlatformName
+
+__all__ = [
+    "resources_dir",
+    "MANYLINUX_ARCHS",
+    "call",
+    "shell",
+    "find_compatible_wheel",
+    "format_safe",
+    "prepare_command",
+    "get_build_verbosity_extra_flags",
+    "read_python_configs",
+    "selector_matches",
+    "strtobool",
+    "cached_property",
+    "chdir",
+    "split_config_settings",
+]
+
+resources_dir: Final[Path] = Path(__file__).parent / "resources"
+
+install_certifi_script: Final[Path] = resources_dir / "install_certifi.py"
+
+test_fail_cwd_file: Final[Path] = resources_dir / "testing_temp_dir_file.py"
+
+
+MANYLINUX_ARCHS: Final[tuple[str, ...]] = (
+    "x86_64",
+    "i686",
+    "pypy_x86_64",
+    "aarch64",
+    "ppc64le",
+    "s390x",
+    "pypy_aarch64",
+    "pypy_i686",
+)
+
+MUSLLINUX_ARCHS: Final[tuple[str, ...]] = (
+    "x86_64",
+    "i686",
+    "aarch64",
+    "ppc64le",
+    "s390x",
+)
+
+DEFAULT_CIBW_CACHE_PATH: Final[Path] = user_cache_path(appname="cibuildwheel", appauthor="pypa")
+CIBW_CACHE_PATH: Final[Path] = Path(
+    os.environ.get("CIBW_CACHE_PATH", DEFAULT_CIBW_CACHE_PATH)
+).resolve()
+
+IS_WIN: Final[bool] = sys.platform.startswith("win")
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def call(
+    *args: PathOrStr,
+    env: Mapping[str, str] | None = None,
+    cwd: PathOrStr | None = None,
+    capture_stdout: Literal[False] = ...,
+) -> None:
+    ...
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def call(
+    *args: PathOrStr,
+    env: Mapping[str, str] | None = None,
+    cwd: PathOrStr | None = None,
+    capture_stdout: Literal[True],
+) -> str:
+    ...
+
+
+def call(
+    *args: PathOrStr,
+    env: Mapping[str, str] | None = None,
+    cwd: PathOrStr | None = None,
+    capture_stdout: bool = False,
+) -> str | None:
+    """
+    Run subprocess.run, but print the commands first. Takes the commands as
+    *args. Uses shell=True on Windows due to a bug. Also converts to
+    Paths to strings, due to Windows behavior at least on older Pythons.
+    https://bugs.python.org/issue8557
+    """
+    args_ = [str(arg) for arg in args]
+    # print the command executing for the logs
+    print("+ " + " ".join(shlex.quote(a) for a in args_))
+    kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {}
+    if capture_stdout:
+        kwargs["universal_newlines"] = True
+        kwargs["stdout"] = subprocess.PIPE
+    result = subprocess.run(args_, check=True, shell=IS_WIN, env=env, cwd=cwd, **kwargs)
+    if not capture_stdout:
+        return None
+    return typing.cast(str, result.stdout)
+
+
+def shell(
+    *commands: str, env: Mapping[str, str] | None = None, cwd: PathOrStr | None = None
+) -> None:
+    command = " ".join(commands)
+    print(f"+ {command}")
+    subprocess.run(command, env=env, cwd=cwd, shell=True, check=True)
+
+
+def format_safe(template: str, **kwargs: str | os.PathLike[str]) -> str:
+    """
+    Works similarly to `template.format(**kwargs)`, except that unmatched
+    fields in `template` are passed through untouched.
+
+    >>> format_safe('{a} {b}', a='123')
+    '123 {b}'
+    >>> format_safe('{a} {b[4]:3f}', a='123')
+    '123 {b[4]:3f}'
+
+    To avoid variable expansion, precede with a single backslash e.g.
+    >>> format_safe('\\{a} {b}', a='123')
+    '{a} {b}'
+    """
+
+    result = template
+
+    for key, value in kwargs.items():
+        find_pattern = re.compile(
+            rf"""
+                (?<!\#)  # don't match if preceded by a hash
+                {{  # literal open curly bracket
+                {re.escape(key)}  # the field name
+                }}  # literal close curly bracket
+            """,
+            re.VERBOSE,
+        )
+
+        result = re.sub(
+            pattern=find_pattern,
+            repl=str(value).replace("\\", r"\\"),
+            string=result,
+        )
+
+        # transform escaped sequences into their literal equivalents
+        result = result.replace(f"#{{{key}}}", f"{{{key}}}")
+
+    return result
+
+
+def prepare_command(command: str, **kwargs: PathOrStr) -> str:
+    """
+    Preprocesses a command by expanding variables like {python}.
+
+    For example, used in the test_command option to specify the path to the
+    project's root. Unmatched syntax will mostly be allowed through.
+    """
+    return format_safe(command, python="python", pip="pip", **kwargs)
+
+
+def get_build_verbosity_extra_flags(level: int) -> list[str]:
+    if level > 0:
+        return ["-" + level * "v"]
+    elif level < 0:
+        return ["-" + -level * "q"]
+    else:
+        return []
+
+
+def split_config_settings(config_settings: str, frontend: Literal["pip", "build"]) -> list[str]:
+    config_settings_list = shlex.split(config_settings)
+    s = "s" if frontend == "pip" else ""
+    return [f"--config-setting{s}={setting}" for setting in config_settings_list]
+
+
+def read_python_configs(config: PlatformName) -> list[dict[str, str]]:
+    input_file = resources_dir / "build-platforms.toml"
+    with input_file.open("rb") as f:
+        loaded_file = tomllib.load(f)
+    results: list[dict[str, str]] = list(loaded_file[config]["python_configurations"])
+    return results
+
+
+def selector_matches(patterns: str, string: str) -> bool:
+    """
+    Returns True if `string` is matched by any of the wildcard patterns in
+    `patterns`.
+
+    Matching is according to fnmatch, but with shell-like curly brace
+    expansion. For example, 'cp{36,37}-*' would match either of 'cp36-*' or
+    'cp37-*'.
+    """
+    patterns_list = patterns.split()
+    expanded_patterns = itertools.chain.from_iterable(bracex.expand(p) for p in patterns_list)
+    return any(fnmatch.fnmatch(string, pat) for pat in expanded_patterns)
+
+
+# Once we require Python 3.10+, we can add kw_only=True
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class BuildSelector:
+    """
+    This class holds a set of build/skip patterns. You call an instance with a
+    build identifier, and it returns True if that identifier should be
+    included. Only call this on valid identifiers, ones that have at least 2
+    numeric digits before the first dash.
+    """
+
+    build_config: str
+    skip_config: str
+    requires_python: SpecifierSet | None = None
+
+    # a pattern that skips prerelease versions, when include_prereleases is False.
+    PRERELEASE_SKIP: ClassVar[str] = ""
+    prerelease_pythons: bool = False
+
+    def __call__(self, build_id: str) -> bool:
+        # Filter build selectors by python_requires if set
+        if self.requires_python is not None:
+            py_ver_str = build_id.split("-")[0]
+            major = int(py_ver_str[2])
+            minor = int(py_ver_str[3:])
+            version = Version(f"{major}.{minor}.99")
+            if not self.requires_python.contains(version):
+                return False
+
+        # filter out the prerelease pythons if self.prerelease_pythons is False
+        if not self.prerelease_pythons and selector_matches(self.PRERELEASE_SKIP, build_id):
+            return False
+
+        should_build = selector_matches(self.build_config, build_id)
+        should_skip = selector_matches(self.skip_config, build_id)
+
+        return should_build and not should_skip
+
+    def options_summary(self) -> Any:
+        return {
+            "build_config": self.build_config,
+            "skip_config": self.skip_config,
+            "requires_python": str(self.requires_python),
+            "prerelease_pythons": self.prerelease_pythons,
+        }
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class TestSelector:
+    """
+    A build selector that can only skip tests according to a skip pattern.
+    """
+
+    skip_config: str
+
+    def __call__(self, build_id: str) -> bool:
+        should_skip = selector_matches(self.skip_config, build_id)
+        return not should_skip
+
+    def options_summary(self) -> Any:
+        return {"skip_config": self.skip_config}
+
+
+# Taken from https://stackoverflow.com/a/107717
+class Unbuffered:
+    def __init__(self, stream: TextIO) -> None:
+        self.stream = stream
+
+    def write(self, data: str) -> None:
+        self.stream.write(data)
+        self.stream.flush()
+
+    def writelines(self, data: Iterable[str]) -> None:
+        self.stream.writelines(data)
+        self.stream.flush()
+
+    def __getattr__(self, attr: str) -> Any:
+        return getattr(self.stream, attr)
+
+
+def download(url: str, dest: Path) -> None:
+    print(f"+ Download {url} to {dest}")
+    dest_dir = dest.parent
+    if not dest_dir.exists():
+        dest_dir.mkdir(parents=True)
+
+    # we've had issues when relying on the host OS' CA certificates on Windows,
+    # so we use certifi (this sounds odd but requests also does this by default)
+    cafile = os.environ.get("SSL_CERT_FILE", certifi.where())
+    context = ssl.create_default_context(cafile=cafile)
+    repeat_num = 3
+    for i in range(repeat_num):
+        try:
+            with urllib.request.urlopen(url, context=context) as response:
+                dest.write_bytes(response.read())
+                return
+
+        except OSError:
+            if i == repeat_num - 1:
+                raise
+            sleep(3)
+
+
+class DependencyConstraints:
+    def __init__(self, base_file_path: Path):
+        assert base_file_path.exists()
+        self.base_file_path = base_file_path.resolve()
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def with_defaults() -> DependencyConstraints:
+        return DependencyConstraints(base_file_path=resources_dir / "constraints.txt")
+
+    def get_for_python_version(self, version: str) -> Path:
+        version_parts = version.split(".")
+
+        # try to find a version-specific dependency file e.g. if
+        # ./constraints.txt is the base, look for ./constraints-python36.txt
+        specific_stem = self.base_file_path.stem + f"-python{version_parts[0]}{version_parts[1]}"
+        specific_name = specific_stem + self.base_file_path.suffix
+        specific_file_path = self.base_file_path.with_name(specific_name)
+
+        if specific_file_path.exists():
+            return specific_file_path
+        else:
+            return self.base_file_path
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self.__class__.__name__}({self.base_file_path!r})"
+
+    def __eq__(self, o: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(o, DependencyConstraints):
+            return False
+
+        return self.base_file_path == o.base_file_path
+
+    def options_summary(self) -> Any:
+        if self == DependencyConstraints.with_defaults():
+            return "pinned"
+        else:
+            return self.base_file_path.name
+
+
+BuildFrontendName = Literal["pip", "build"]
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class BuildFrontendConfig:
+    name: BuildFrontendName
+    args: Sequence[str] = ()
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def from_config_string(config_string: str) -> BuildFrontendConfig:
+        config_dict = parse_key_value_string(config_string, ["name"], ["args"])
+        name = " ".join(config_dict["name"])
+        if name not in {"pip", "build"}:
+            msg = f"Unrecognised build frontend {name}, only 'pip' and 'build' are supported"
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+
+        name = typing.cast(BuildFrontendName, name)
+
+        args = config_dict.get("args") or []
+        return BuildFrontendConfig(name=name, args=args)
+
+    def options_summary(self) -> str | dict[str, str]:
+        if not self.args:
+            return self.name
+        else:
+            return {"name": self.name, "args": repr(self.args)}
+
+
+class NonPlatformWheelError(Exception):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        message = textwrap.dedent(
+            """
+            cibuildwheel: Build failed because a pure Python wheel was generated.
+
+            If you intend to build a pure-Python wheel, you don't need cibuildwheel - use
+            `pip wheel -w DEST_DIR .` instead.
+
+            If you expected a platform wheel, check your project configuration, or run
+            cibuildwheel with CIBW_BUILD_VERBOSITY=1 to view build logs.
+            """
+        )
+
+        super().__init__(message)
+
+
+class AlreadyBuiltWheelError(Exception):
+    def __init__(self, wheel_name: str) -> None:
+        message = textwrap.dedent(
+            f"""
+            cibuildwheel: Build failed because a wheel named {wheel_name} was already generated in the current run.
+
+            If you expected another wheel to be generated, check your project configuration, or run
+            cibuildwheel with CIBW_BUILD_VERBOSITY=1 to view build logs.
+            """
+        )
+
+        super().__init__(message)
+
+
+def strtobool(val: str) -> bool:
+    return val.lower() in {"y", "yes", "t", "true", "on", "1"}
+
+
+class CIProvider(Enum):
+    travis_ci = "travis"
+    appveyor = "appveyor"
+    circle_ci = "circle_ci"
+    azure_pipelines = "azure_pipelines"
+    github_actions = "github_actions"
+    gitlab = "gitlab"
+    cirrus_ci = "cirrus_ci"
+    other = "other"
+
+
+def detect_ci_provider() -> CIProvider | None:
+    if "TRAVIS" in os.environ:
+        return CIProvider.travis_ci
+    elif "APPVEYOR" in os.environ:
+        return CIProvider.appveyor
+    elif "CIRCLECI" in os.environ:
+        return CIProvider.circle_ci
+    elif "AZURE_HTTP_USER_AGENT" in os.environ:
+        return CIProvider.azure_pipelines
+    elif "GITHUB_ACTIONS" in os.environ:
+        return CIProvider.github_actions
+    elif "GITLAB_CI" in os.environ:
+        return CIProvider.gitlab
+    elif "CIRRUS_CI" in os.environ:
+        return CIProvider.cirrus_ci
+    elif strtobool(os.environ.get("CI", "false")):
+        return CIProvider.other
+    else:
+        return None
+
+
+def unwrap(text: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Unwraps multi-line text to a single line
+    """
+    # remove initial line indent
+    text = textwrap.dedent(text)
+    # remove leading/trailing whitespace
+    text = text.strip()
+    # remove consecutive whitespace
+    return re.sub(r"\s+", " ", text)
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class FileReport:
+    name: str
+    size: str
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def print_new_wheels(msg: str, output_dir: Path) -> Generator[None, None, None]:
+    """
+    Prints the new items in a directory upon exiting. The message to display
+    can include {n} for number of wheels, {s} for total number of seconds,
+    and/or {m} for total number of minutes. Does not print anything if this
+    exits via exception.
+    """
+
+    start_time = time.time()
+    existing_contents = set(output_dir.iterdir())
+    yield
+    final_contents = set(output_dir.iterdir())
+
+    new_contents = [
+        FileReport(wheel.name, f"{(wheel.stat().st_size + 1023) // 1024:,d}")
+        for wheel in final_contents - existing_contents
+    ]
+
+    if not new_contents:
+        return
+
+    max_name_len = max(len(f.name) for f in new_contents)
+    max_size_len = max(len(f.size) for f in new_contents)
+    n = len(new_contents)
+    s = time.time() - start_time
+    m = s / 60
+    print(
+        msg.format(n=n, s=s, m=m),
+        *sorted(
+            f"  {f.name:<{max_name_len}s}   {f.size:>{max_size_len}s} kB" for f in new_contents
+        ),
+        sep="\n",
+    )
+
+
+def get_pip_version(env: Mapping[str, str]) -> str:
+    versions_output_text = call(
+        "python", "-m", "pip", "freeze", "--all", capture_stdout=True, env=env
+    )
+    (pip_version,) = (
+        version[5:]
+        for version in versions_output_text.strip().splitlines()
+        if version.startswith("pip==")
+    )
+    return pip_version
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=None)
+def _ensure_virtualenv() -> Path:
+    input_file = resources_dir / "virtualenv.toml"
+    with input_file.open("rb") as f:
+        loaded_file = tomllib.load(f)
+    version = str(loaded_file["version"])
+    url = str(loaded_file["url"])
+    path = CIBW_CACHE_PATH / f"virtualenv-{version}.pyz"
+    with FileLock(str(path) + ".lock"):
+        if not path.exists():
+            download(url, path)
+    return path
+
+
+def _parse_constraints_for_virtualenv(
+    dependency_constraint_flags: Sequence[PathOrStr],
+) -> dict[str, str]:
+    """
+    Parses the constraints file referenced by `dependency_constraint_flags` and returns a dict where
+    the key is the package name, and the value is the constraint version.
+    If a package version cannot be found, its value is "embed" meaning that virtualenv will install
+    its bundled version, already available locally.
+    The function does not try to be too smart and just handles basic constraints.
+    If it can't get an exact version, the real constraint will be handled by the
+    {macos|windows}.setup_python function.
+    """
+    assert len(dependency_constraint_flags) in {0, 2}
+    packages = ["pip", "setuptools", "wheel"]
+    constraints_dict = {package: "embed" for package in packages}
+    if len(dependency_constraint_flags) == 2:
+        assert dependency_constraint_flags[0] == "-c"
+        constraint_path = Path(dependency_constraint_flags[1])
+        assert constraint_path.exists()
+        with constraint_path.open(encoding="utf-8") as constraint_file:
+            for line_ in constraint_file:
+                line = line_.strip()
+                if not line:
+                    continue
+                if line.startswith("#"):
+                    continue
+                try:
+                    requirement = Requirement(line)
+                    package = requirement.name
+                    if (
+                        package not in packages
+                        or requirement.url is not None
+                        or requirement.marker is not None
+                        or len(requirement.extras) != 0
+                        or len(requirement.specifier) != 1
+                    ):
+                        continue
+                    specifier = next(iter(requirement.specifier))
+                    if specifier.operator != "==":
+                        continue
+                    constraints_dict[package] = specifier.version
+                except InvalidRequirement:
+                    continue
+    return constraints_dict
+
+
+def virtualenv(
+    python: Path, venv_path: Path, dependency_constraint_flags: Sequence[PathOrStr]
+) -> dict[str, str]:
+    assert python.exists()
+    virtualenv_app = _ensure_virtualenv()
+    constraints = _parse_constraints_for_virtualenv(dependency_constraint_flags)
+    additional_flags = [f"--{package}={version}" for package, version in constraints.items()]
+
+    # Using symlinks to pre-installed seed packages is really the fastest way to get a virtual
+    # environment. The initial cost is a bit higher but reusing is much faster.
+    # Windows does not always allow symlinks so just disabling for now.
+    # Requires pip>=19.3 so disabling for "embed" because this means we don't know what's the
+    # version of pip that will end-up installed.
+    # c.f. https://virtualenv.pypa.io/en/latest/cli_interface.html#section-seeder
+    if (
+        not IS_WIN
+        and constraints["pip"] != "embed"
+        and Version(constraints["pip"]) >= Version("19.3")
+    ):
+        additional_flags.append("--symlink-app-data")
+
+    call(
+        sys.executable,
+        "-sS",  # just the stdlib, https://github.com/pypa/virtualenv/issues/2133#issuecomment-1003710125
+        virtualenv_app,
+        "--activators=",
+        "--no-periodic-update",
+        *additional_flags,
+        "--python",
+        python,
+        venv_path,
+    )
+    paths = [str(venv_path), str(venv_path / "Scripts")] if IS_WIN else [str(venv_path / "bin")]
+    env = os.environ.copy()
+    env["PATH"] = os.pathsep.join([*paths, env["PATH"]])
+    return env
+
+
+T = TypeVar("T", bound=PurePath)
+
+
+def find_compatible_wheel(wheels: Sequence[T], identifier: str) -> T | None:
+    """
+    Finds a wheel with an abi3 or a none ABI tag in `wheels` compatible with the Python interpreter
+    specified by `identifier` that is previously built.
+    """
+
+    interpreter, platform = identifier.split("-")
+    for wheel in wheels:
+        _, _, _, tags = parse_wheel_filename(wheel.name)
+        for tag in tags:
+            if tag.abi == "abi3":
+                # ABI3 wheels must start with cp3 for impl and tag
+                if not (interpreter.startswith("cp3") and tag.interpreter.startswith("cp3")):
+                    continue
+            elif tag.abi == "none":
+                # CPythonless wheels must include py3 tag
+                if tag.interpreter[:3] != "py3":
+                    continue
+            else:
+                # Other types of wheels are not detected, this is looking for previously built wheels.
+                continue
+
+            if tag.interpreter != "py3" and int(tag.interpreter[3:]) > int(interpreter[3:]):
+                # If a minor version number is given, it has to be lower than the current one.
+                continue
+
+            if platform.startswith(("manylinux", "musllinux", "macosx")):
+                # Linux, macOS require the beginning and ending match (macos/manylinux version doesn't need to)
+                os_, arch = platform.split("_", 1)
+                if not tag.platform.startswith(os_):
+                    continue
+                if not tag.platform.endswith(f"_{arch}"):
+                    continue
+            else:
+                # Windows should exactly match
+                if tag.platform != platform:
+                    continue
+
+            # If all the filters above pass, then the wheel is a previously built compatible wheel.
+            return wheel
+
+    return None
+
+
+# Can be replaced by contextlib.chdir in Python 3.11
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def chdir(new_path: Path | str) -> Generator[None, None, None]:
+    """Non thread-safe context manager to change the current working directory."""
+
+    cwd = os.getcwd()
+    try:
+        os.chdir(new_path)
+        yield
+    finally:
+        os.chdir(cwd)
+
+
+def fix_ansi_codes_for_github_actions(text: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Github Actions forgets the current ANSI style on every new line. This
+    function repeats the current ANSI style on every new line.
+    """
+    ansi_code_regex = re.compile(r"(\033\[[0-9;]*m)")
+    ansi_codes: list[str] = []
+    output = ""
+
+    for line in text.splitlines(keepends=True):
+        # add the current ANSI codes to the beginning of the line
+        output += "".join(ansi_codes) + line
+
+        # split the line at each ANSI code
+        parts = ansi_code_regex.split(line)
+        # if there are any ANSI codes, save them
+        if len(parts) > 1:
+            # iterate over the ANSI codes in this line
+            for code in parts[1::2]:
+                if code == "\033[0m":
+                    # reset the list of ANSI codes when the clear code is found
+                    ansi_codes = []
+                else:
+                    ansi_codes.append(code)
+
+    return output
+
+
+def parse_key_value_string(
+    key_value_string: str,
+    positional_arg_names: Sequence[str] | None = None,
+    kw_arg_names: Sequence[str] | None = None,
+) -> dict[str, list[str]]:
+    """
+    Parses a string like "docker; create_args: --some-option=value another-option"
+    """
+    if positional_arg_names is None:
+        positional_arg_names = []
+    if kw_arg_names is None:
+        kw_arg_names = []
+
+    all_field_names = [*positional_arg_names, *kw_arg_names]
+
+    shlexer = shlex.shlex(key_value_string, posix=True, punctuation_chars=";")
+    shlexer.commenters = ""
+    shlexer.whitespace_split = True
+    parts = list(shlexer)
+    # parts now looks like
+    # ['docker', ';', 'create_args:', '--some-option=value', 'another-option']
+
+    # split by semicolon
+    fields = [list(group) for k, group in itertools.groupby(parts, lambda x: x == ";") if not k]
+
+    result: defaultdict[str, list[str]] = defaultdict(list)
+    for field_i, field in enumerate(fields):
+        # check to see if the option name is specified
+        field_name, sep, first_value = field[0].partition(":")
+        if sep:
+            if field_name not in all_field_names:
+                msg = f"Failed to parse {key_value_string!r}. Unknown field name {field_name!r}"
+                raise ValueError(msg)
+
+            values = ([first_value] if first_value else []) + field[1:]
+        else:
+            try:
+                field_name = positional_arg_names[field_i]
+            except IndexError:
+                msg = f"Failed to parse {key_value_string!r}. Too many positional arguments - expected a maximum of {len(positional_arg_names)}"
+                raise ValueError(msg) from None
+
+            values = field
+
+        result[field_name] += values
+
+    return dict(result)

cibuildwheel/util/cmd.py

@@ -1,98 +0,0 @@
-import os
-import shlex
-import shutil
-import subprocess
-import sys
-import typing
-from collections.abc import Iterator, Mapping
-from typing import Final, Literal
-
-from ..errors import FatalError
-from ..typing import PathOrStr
-
-_IS_WIN: Final[bool] = sys.platform.startswith("win")
-
-
-@typing.overload
-def call(
-    *args: PathOrStr,
-    env: Mapping[str, str] | None = None,
-    cwd: PathOrStr | None = None,
-    capture_stdout: Literal[False] = ...,
-) -> None: ...
-
-
-@typing.overload
-def call(
-    *args: PathOrStr,
-    env: Mapping[str, str] | None = None,
-    cwd: PathOrStr | None = None,
-    capture_stdout: Literal[True],
-) -> str: ...
-
-
-def call(
-    *args: PathOrStr,
-    env: Mapping[str, str] | None = None,
-    cwd: PathOrStr | None = None,
-    capture_stdout: bool = False,
-) -> str | None:
-    """
-    Run subprocess.run, but print the commands first. Takes the commands as
-    *args. Uses shell=True on Windows due to a bug. Also converts to
-    Paths to strings, due to Windows behavior at least on older Pythons.
-    https://bugs.python.org/issue8557
-    """
-    args_ = [str(arg) for arg in args]
-    # print the command executing for the logs
-    print("+ " + " ".join(shlex.quote(a) for a in args_))
-    # workaround platform behaviour differences outlined
-    # in https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/52803
-    path_env = env if env is not None else os.environ
-    path = path_env.get("PATH", None)
-    executable = shutil.which(args_[0], path=path)
-    if executable is None:
-        msg = f"Couldn't find {args_[0]!r} in PATH {path!r}"
-        raise FatalError(msg)
-    args_[0] = executable
-    try:
-        result = subprocess.run(
-            args_,
-            check=True,
-            shell=_IS_WIN,
-            env=env,
-            cwd=cwd,
-            capture_output=capture_stdout,
-            text=capture_stdout,
-        )
-    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
-        if capture_stdout:
-            sys.stderr.write(e.stderr)
-        raise
-    if not capture_stdout:
-        return None
-    sys.stderr.write(result.stderr)
-    return typing.cast("str", result.stdout)
-
-
-def shell(
-    *commands: str, env: Mapping[str, str] | None = None, cwd: PathOrStr | None = None
-) -> None:
-    command = " ".join(commands)
-    print(f"+ {command}")
-    subprocess.run(command, env=env, cwd=cwd, shell=True, check=True)
-
-
-def split_command(lst: list[str]) -> Iterator[list[str]]:
-    """
-    Split a shell-style command, as returned by shlex.split, into a sequence
-    of commands, separated by '&&'.
-    """
-    items = list[str]()
-    for item in lst:
-        if item == "&&":
-            yield items
-            items = []
-        else:
-            items.append(item)
-    yield items

cibuildwheel/util/file.py

@@ -1,154 +0,0 @@
-import os
-import shutil
-import ssl
-import tarfile
-import time
-import urllib.request
-from collections.abc import Callable
-from pathlib import Path, PurePath
-from typing import Final
-from zipfile import ZipFile
-
-import certifi
-from platformdirs import user_cache_path
-
-from ..errors import FatalError
-
-DEFAULT_CIBW_CACHE_PATH: Final[Path] = user_cache_path(appname="cibuildwheel", appauthor="pypa")
-CIBW_CACHE_PATH: Final[Path] = Path(
-    os.environ.get("CIBW_CACHE_PATH", DEFAULT_CIBW_CACHE_PATH)
-).resolve()
-
-
-def ensure_cache_sentinel(cache_path: Path) -> None:
-    """Create a sentinel file to mark a cibuildwheel cache directory.
-
-    We help prevent accidental deletion of non-cache directories with this.
-
-    Args:
-        cache_path: The cache directory path where the sentinel should be created
-    """
-    if cache_path.exists():
-        sentinel_file = cache_path / "CACHEDIR.TAG"
-        if not sentinel_file.exists():
-            sentinel_file.write_text(
-                "Signature: 8a477f597d28d172789f06886806bc55\n"
-                "# This file is a cache directory tag created by cibuildwheel.\n"
-                "# For information about cache directory tags, see:\n"
-                "# https://www.brynosaurus.com/cachedir/",
-                encoding="utf-8",
-            )
-
-
-def download(url: str, dest: Path) -> None:
-    print(f"+ Download {url} to {dest}")
-    dest_dir = dest.parent
-    dest_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-
-    # we've had issues when relying on the host OS' CA certificates on Windows,
-    # so we use certifi (this sounds odd but requests also does this by default)
-    cafile = os.environ.get("SSL_CERT_FILE", certifi.where())
-    context = ssl.create_default_context(cafile=cafile)
-    repeat_num = 3
-    for i in range(repeat_num):
-        try:
-            with urllib.request.urlopen(url, context=context) as response:
-                dest.write_bytes(response.read())
-                return
-
-        except OSError:
-            if i == repeat_num - 1:
-                raise
-            time.sleep(3)
-
-
-def extract_zip(zip_src: Path, dest: Path) -> None:
-    """Extracts a zip and correctly sets permissions on extracted files.
-
-    Notes:
-        - sets permissions to the same values as they were set in the archive
-        - files with no clear permissions in `external_attr` will be extracted with default values
-    """
-    with ZipFile(zip_src) as zip_:
-        for zinfo in zip_.filelist:
-            zip_.extract(zinfo, dest)
-
-            # Set permissions to the same values as they were set in the archive
-            # We have to do this manually due to https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/59999
-            permissions = (zinfo.external_attr >> 16) & 0o777
-            if permissions != 0:
-                dest.joinpath(zinfo.filename).chmod(permissions)
-
-
-def extract_tar(tar_src: Path, dest: Path) -> None:
-    """Extracts a tar file using the stdlib 'tar' filter.
-
-    See: https://docs.python.org/3/library/tarfile.html#tarfile.tar_filter for filter details
-    """
-    with tarfile.open(tar_src) as tar_:
-        tar_.extraction_filter = getattr(tarfile, "tar_filter", (lambda member, _: member))
-        tar_.extractall(dest)
-
-
-def move_file(src_file: Path, dst_file: Path) -> Path:
-    """Moves a file safely while avoiding potential semantic confusion:
-
-    1. `dst_file` must point to the target filename, not a directory
-    2. `dst_file` will be overwritten if it already exists
-    3. any missing parent directories will be created
-
-    Returns the fully resolved Path of the resulting file.
-
-    Raises:
-        NotADirectoryError: If any part of the intermediate path to `dst_file` is an existing file
-        IsADirectoryError: If `dst_file` points directly to an existing directory
-    """
-    src_file = src_file.resolve(strict=True)
-    dst_file = dst_file.resolve()
-
-    if dst_file.is_dir():
-        msg = "dst_file must be a valid target filename, not an existing directory."
-        raise IsADirectoryError(msg)
-    dst_file.unlink(missing_ok=True)
-    dst_file.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-
-    # using shutil.move() as Path.rename() is not guaranteed to work across filesystem boundaries
-    # explicit str() needed for Python 3.8
-    resulting_file = shutil.move(str(src_file), str(dst_file))
-    return Path(resulting_file).resolve(strict=True)
-
-
-def copy_into_local(src: Path, dst: PurePath) -> None:
-    """Copy a path from src to dst, regardless of whether it's a file or a directory."""
-    # Ensure the target folder location exists
-    Path(dst.parent).mkdir(exist_ok=True, parents=True)
-
-    if src.is_dir():
-        shutil.copytree(src, dst)
-    else:
-        shutil.copy(src, dst)
-
-
-def copy_test_sources(
-    test_sources: list[str],
-    project_dir: Path,
-    test_dir: PurePath,
-    copy_into: Callable[[Path, PurePath], None] = copy_into_local,
-) -> None:
-    """Copy the list of test sources from the package to the test directory.
-
-    :param test_sources: A list of test paths, relative to the project_dir.
-    :param project_dir: The root of the project.
-    :param test_dir: The folder where test sources should be placed.
-    :param copy_into: The copy function to use. By default, does a local
-        filesystem copy; but an OCIContainer.copy_info method (or equivalent)
-        can be provided.
-    """
-    for test_path in test_sources:
-        source = project_dir.resolve() / test_path
-
-        if not source.exists():
-            msg = f"Test source {test_path} does not exist."
-            raise FatalError(msg)
-
-        copy_into(source, test_dir / test_path)

cibuildwheel/util/helpers.py

@@ -1,174 +0,0 @@
-import dataclasses
-import itertools
-import os
-import re
-import shlex
-import textwrap
-from collections import defaultdict
-from collections.abc import Sequence
-
-from ..typing import PathOrStr
-
-
-def format_safe(template: str, **kwargs: str | os.PathLike[str]) -> str:
-    """
-    Works similarly to `template.format(**kwargs)`, except that unmatched
-    fields in `template` are passed through untouched.
-
-    >>> format_safe('{a} {b}', a='123')
-    '123 {b}'
-    >>> format_safe('{a} {b[4]:3f}', a='123')
-    '123 {b[4]:3f}'
-
-    To avoid variable expansion, precede with a single hash e.g.
-    >>> format_safe('#{a} {b}', a='123')
-    '{a} {b}'
-    """
-
-    result = template
-
-    for key, value in kwargs.items():
-        find_pattern = re.compile(
-            rf"""
-                (?<!\#)  # don't match if preceded by a hash
-                {{  # literal open curly bracket
-                {re.escape(key)}  # the field name
-                }}  # literal close curly bracket
-            """,
-            re.VERBOSE,
-        )
-
-        result = re.sub(
-            pattern=find_pattern,
-            repl=str(value).replace("\\", r"\\"),
-            string=result,
-        )
-
-        # transform escaped sequences into their literal equivalents
-        result = result.replace(f"#{{{key}}}", f"{{{key}}}")
-
-    return result
-
-
-def prepare_command(command: str, **kwargs: PathOrStr) -> str:
-    """
-    Preprocesses a command by expanding variables like {project}.
-
-    For example, used in the test_command option to specify the path to the
-    project's root. Unmatched syntax will mostly be allowed through.
-    """
-    return format_safe(command, **kwargs)
-
-
-def strtobool(val: str) -> bool:
-    return val.lower() in {"y", "yes", "t", "true", "on", "1"}
-
-
-def unwrap(text: str) -> str:
-    """
-    Unwraps multi-line text to a single line
-    """
-    # remove initial line indent
-    text = textwrap.dedent(text)
-    # remove leading/trailing whitespace
-    text = text.strip()
-    # remove consecutive whitespace
-    return re.sub(r"\s+", " ", text)
-
-
-def unwrap_preserving_paragraphs(text: str) -> str:
-    """
-    Unwraps multi-line text to a single line, but preserves paragraphs
-    """
-    # remove initial line indent
-    text = textwrap.dedent(text)
-    # remove leading/trailing whitespace
-    text = text.strip()
-
-    paragraphs = text.split("\n\n")
-    # remove consecutive whitespace
-    paragraphs = [re.sub(r"\s+", " ", paragraph) for paragraph in paragraphs]
-    return "\n\n".join(paragraphs)
-
-
-def parse_key_value_string(
-    key_value_string: str,
-    positional_arg_names: Sequence[str] | None = None,
-    kw_arg_names: Sequence[str] | None = None,
-) -> dict[str, list[str]]:
-    """
-    Parses a string like "docker; create_args: --some-option=value another-option"
-    """
-    if positional_arg_names is None:
-        positional_arg_names = []
-    if kw_arg_names is None:
-        kw_arg_names = []
-
-    all_field_names = [*positional_arg_names, *kw_arg_names]
-
-    shlexer = shlex.shlex(key_value_string, posix=True, punctuation_chars=";")
-    shlexer.commenters = ""
-    shlexer.whitespace_split = True
-    parts = list(shlexer)
-    # parts now looks like
-    # ['docker', ';', 'create_args:', '--some-option=value', 'another-option']
-
-    # split by semicolon
-    fields = [list(group) for k, group in itertools.groupby(parts, lambda x: x == ";") if not k]
-
-    result: defaultdict[str, list[str]] = defaultdict(list)
-    for field_i, field in enumerate(fields):
-        # check to see if the option name is specified
-        field_name, sep, first_value = field[0].partition(":")
-        if sep:
-            if field_name not in all_field_names:
-                msg = f"Failed to parse {key_value_string!r}. Unknown field name {field_name!r}"
-                raise ValueError(msg)
-
-            values = ([first_value] if first_value else []) + field[1:]
-        else:
-            try:
-                field_name = positional_arg_names[field_i]
-            except IndexError:
-                msg = f"Failed to parse {key_value_string!r}. Too many positional arguments - expected a maximum of {len(positional_arg_names)}"
-                raise ValueError(msg) from None
-
-            values = field
-
-        result[field_name] += values
-
-    return dict(result)
-
-
-@dataclasses.dataclass(order=True)
-class FlexibleVersion:
-    version_parts: tuple[int, ...] = dataclasses.field(init=False, repr=False)
-    suffix: str = dataclasses.field(init=False, repr=False)
-    version_str: str = dataclasses.field(compare=False)
-
-    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
-        # Split into numeric parts and the optional suffix
-        match = re.match(r"^[v]?(\d+(\.\d+)*)(.*)$", self.version_str)
-        if not match:
-            msg = f"Invalid version string: {self.version_str}"
-            raise ValueError(msg)
-
-        version_part, _, suffix = match.groups()
-
-        # Convert numeric version part into a tuple of integers
-        self.version_parts = tuple(map(int, version_part.split(".")))
-        self.suffix = suffix.strip() if suffix else ""
-
-        # Normalize by removing trailing zeros
-        self.version_parts = self._remove_trailing_zeros(self.version_parts)
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _remove_trailing_zeros(parts: tuple[int, ...]) -> tuple[int, ...]:
-        # Remove trailing zeros for accurate comparisons
-        # without this, "3.0" would be considered greater than "3"
-        while parts and parts[-1] == 0:
-            parts = parts[:-1]
-        return parts
-
-    def __str__(self) -> str:
-        return self.version_str

cibuildwheel/util/packaging.py

@@ -1,180 +0,0 @@
-import shlex
-from collections.abc import Mapping, Sequence
-from dataclasses import dataclass, field
-from pathlib import Path, PurePath
-from typing import Any, Literal, Self, TypeVar
-
-from packaging.utils import parse_wheel_filename
-
-from . import resources
-from .cmd import call
-from .helpers import parse_key_value_string, unwrap
-
-
-@dataclass(kw_only=True)
-class DependencyConstraints:
-    base_file_path: Path | None = None
-    packages: list[str] = field(default_factory=list)
-
-    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
-        if self.packages and self.base_file_path is not None:
-            msg = "Cannot specify both a file and packages in the dependency constraints"
-            raise ValueError(msg)
-
-        if self.base_file_path is not None:
-            if not self.base_file_path.exists():
-                msg = f"Dependency constraints file not found: {self.base_file_path}"
-                raise FileNotFoundError(msg)
-            self.base_file_path = self.base_file_path.resolve()
-
-    @classmethod
-    def pinned(cls) -> Self:
-        return cls(base_file_path=resources.CONSTRAINTS)
-
-    @classmethod
-    def latest(cls) -> Self:
-        return cls()
-
-    @classmethod
-    def from_config_string(cls, config_string: str) -> Self:
-        if config_string == "pinned":
-            return cls.pinned()
-
-        if config_string == "latest" or not config_string:
-            return cls.latest()
-
-        if config_string.startswith(("file:", "packages:")):
-            # we only do the table-style parsing if it looks like a table,
-            # because this option used to be only a file path. We don't want
-            # to break existing configurations, whose file paths might include
-            # special characters like ':' or ' ', which would require quoting
-            # if they were to be passed as a parse_key_value_string positional
-            # argument.
-            return cls.from_table_style_config_string(config_string)
-
-        return cls(base_file_path=Path(config_string))
-
-    @classmethod
-    def from_table_style_config_string(cls, config_string: str) -> Self:
-        config_dict = parse_key_value_string(config_string, kw_arg_names=["file", "packages"])
-        files = config_dict.get("file")
-        packages = config_dict.get("packages") or []
-
-        if files and packages:
-            msg = "Cannot specify both a file and packages in dependency-versions"
-            raise ValueError(msg)
-
-        if files:
-            if len(files) > 1:
-                msg = unwrap("""
-                    Only one file can be specified in dependency-versions.
-                    If you intended to pass only one, perhaps you need to quote the path?
-                """)
-                raise ValueError(msg)
-
-            return cls(base_file_path=Path(files[0]))
-
-        return cls(packages=packages)
-
-    def get_for_python_version(
-        self, *, version: str, variant: Literal["python", "pyodide"] = "python", tmp_dir: Path
-    ) -> Path | None:
-        if self.packages:
-            constraint_file = tmp_dir / "constraints.txt"
-            constraint_file.write_text("\n".join(self.packages))
-            return constraint_file
-
-        if self.base_file_path is not None:
-            version_parts = version.split(".")
-
-            # try to find a version-specific dependency file e.g. if
-            # ./constraints.txt is the base, look for ./constraints-python36.txt
-            specific_stem = (
-                self.base_file_path.stem + f"-{variant}{version_parts[0]}{version_parts[1]}"
-            )
-            specific_name = specific_stem + self.base_file_path.suffix
-            specific_file_path = self.base_file_path.with_name(specific_name)
-
-            if specific_file_path.exists():
-                return specific_file_path
-            else:
-                return self.base_file_path
-
-        return None
-
-    def options_summary(self) -> Any:
-        if self == DependencyConstraints.pinned():
-            return "pinned"
-        elif self.packages:
-            return {"packages": " ".join(shlex.quote(p) for p in self.packages)}
-        elif self.base_file_path is not None:
-            return self.base_file_path.name
-        else:
-            return "latest"
-
-
-def get_pip_version(env: Mapping[str, str]) -> str:
-    versions_output_text = call(
-        "python", "-m", "pip", "freeze", "--all", capture_stdout=True, env=env
-    )
-    (pip_version,) = (
-        version[5:]
-        for version in versions_output_text.strip().splitlines()
-        if version.startswith("pip==")
-    )
-    return pip_version
-
-
-T = TypeVar("T", bound=PurePath)
-
-
-def find_compatible_wheel(wheels: Sequence[T], identifier: str) -> T | None:
-    """
-    Finds a wheel with an abi3 or a none ABI tag in `wheels` compatible with the Python interpreter
-    specified by `identifier` that is previously built.
-    """
-
-    interpreter, platform = identifier.split("-", 1)
-    interpreter = interpreter.split("_")[0]
-    free_threaded = interpreter.endswith("t")
-    if free_threaded:
-        interpreter = interpreter[:-1]
-    for wheel in wheels:
-        _, _, _, tags = parse_wheel_filename(wheel.name)
-        for tag in tags:
-            if tag.abi == "abi3" and not free_threaded:
-                # ABI3 wheels must start with cp3 for impl and tag
-                if not (interpreter.startswith("cp3") and tag.interpreter.startswith("cp3")):
-                    continue
-            elif tag.abi == "none":
-                # CPythonless wheels must include py3 tag
-                if tag.interpreter[:3] != "py3":
-                    continue
-            else:
-                # Other types of wheels are not detected, this is looking for previously built wheels.
-                continue
-
-            if tag.interpreter != "py3" and int(tag.interpreter[3:]) > int(interpreter[3:]):
-                # If a minor version number is given, it has to be lower than the current one.
-                continue
-
-            if platform.startswith(("manylinux", "musllinux", "macosx", "android", "ios")):
-                # On these platforms the wheel tag includes a platform version number, which we
-                # should ignore.
-                os_, arch = platform.split("_", 1)
-                if not tag.platform.startswith(os_):
-                    continue
-                if not tag.platform.endswith(f"_{arch}"):
-                    continue
-            elif platform.startswith("pyodide"):
-                # each Pyodide version has its own platform tag
-                continue
-            else:
-                # Windows should exactly match
-                if tag.platform != platform:
-                    continue
-
-            # If all the filters above pass, then the wheel is a previously built compatible wheel.
-            return wheel
-
-    return None

cibuildwheel/util/python_build_standalone.py

@@ -1,181 +0,0 @@
-import fnmatch
-import functools
-import json
-import platform
-import typing
-from pathlib import Path
-
-from filelock import FileLock
-
-from cibuildwheel.util.file import download, extract_tar
-from cibuildwheel.util.resources import PYTHON_BUILD_STANDALONE_RELEASES
-
-
-class PythonBuildStandaloneAsset(typing.TypedDict):
-    name: str
-    url: str
-
-
-class PythonBuildStandaloneRelease(typing.TypedDict):
-    tag: str
-    assets: list[PythonBuildStandaloneAsset]
-
-
-class PythonBuildStandaloneReleaseData(typing.TypedDict):
-    releases: list[PythonBuildStandaloneRelease]
-
-
-@functools.cache
-def get_python_build_standalone_release_data() -> PythonBuildStandaloneReleaseData:
-    with open(PYTHON_BUILD_STANDALONE_RELEASES, "rb") as f:
-        return typing.cast("PythonBuildStandaloneReleaseData", json.load(f))
-
-
-class PythonBuildStandaloneError(Exception):
-    """Errors related to python-build-standalone."""
-
-
-def _get_platform_identifiers() -> tuple[str, str, str | None]:
-    """
-    Detects the current platform and returns architecture, platform, and libc
-    identifiers.
-    """
-    system = platform.system()
-    machine = platform.machine()
-    machine_lower = machine.lower()
-
-    arch_identifier: str
-    platform_identifier: str
-    libc_identifier: str | None = None
-
-    # Map Architecture
-    if machine_lower in ["x86_64", "amd64"]:
-        arch_identifier = "x86_64"
-    elif machine_lower in ["aarch64", "arm64"]:
-        arch_identifier = "aarch64"
-    else:
-        msg = f"Unsupported architecture: {system} {machine}. Cannot download appropriate Python build."
-        raise PythonBuildStandaloneError(msg)
-
-    # Map OS + Libc
-    if system == "Linux":
-        platform_identifier = "unknown-linux"
-        libc_identifier = "musl" if "musl" in (platform.libc_ver() or ("", "")) else "gnu"
-    elif system == "Darwin":
-        platform_identifier = "apple-darwin"
-    elif system == "Windows":
-        platform_identifier = "pc-windows-msvc"
-    else:
-        msg = f"Unsupported operating system: {system}. Cannot download appropriate Python build."
-        raise PythonBuildStandaloneError(msg)
-
-    print(
-        f"Detected platform: arch='{arch_identifier}', platform='{platform_identifier}', libc='{libc_identifier}'"
-    )
-    return arch_identifier, platform_identifier, libc_identifier
-
-
-def _get_pbs_asset(
-    *,
-    python_version: str,
-    arch_identifier: str,
-    platform_identifier: str,
-    libc_identifier: str | None,
-) -> tuple[str, str, str]:
-    """Finds the asset, returning (tag, filename, url)."""
-    release_data = get_python_build_standalone_release_data()
-
-    expected_suffix = f"{arch_identifier}-{platform_identifier}"
-    if libc_identifier:
-        expected_suffix += f"-{libc_identifier}"
-    expected_suffix += "-install_only.tar.gz"
-
-    asset_pattern = f"cpython-{python_version}.*-{expected_suffix}"
-    print(f"Looking for file with pattern {asset_pattern}")
-
-    for release in release_data["releases"]:
-        for asset in release["assets"]:
-            asset_name = asset["name"]
-            if not fnmatch.fnmatch(asset_name, asset_pattern):
-                continue
-
-            asset_url = asset["url"]
-            return release["tag"], asset_url, asset_name
-
-    # If loop completes without finding a match
-    msg = f"Could not find python-build-standalone release asset matching {asset_pattern!r}."
-    raise PythonBuildStandaloneError(msg)
-
-
-def _download_or_get_from_cache(asset_url: str, asset_filename: str, cache_dir: Path) -> Path:
-    with FileLock(cache_dir / (asset_filename + ".lock")):
-        asset_cache_path = cache_dir / asset_filename
-        if asset_cache_path.is_file():
-            print(f"Using cached python_build_standalone: {asset_cache_path}")
-            return asset_cache_path
-
-        print(f"Downloading python_build_standalone: {asset_url} to {asset_cache_path}")
-        download(asset_url, asset_cache_path)
-        return asset_cache_path
-
-
-def _find_python_executable(extracted_dir: Path) -> Path:
-    """Finds the python executable within the extracted directory structure."""
-    # Structure is typically 'python/bin/python' or 'python/python.exe'
-    base_install_dir = extracted_dir / "python"
-
-    if platform.system() == "Windows":
-        executable_path = base_install_dir / "python.exe"
-    else:
-        executable_path = base_install_dir / "bin" / "python"
-
-    if not executable_path.is_file():
-        msg = f"Could not locate python executable at expected path {executable_path} within {extracted_dir}."
-        raise PythonBuildStandaloneError(msg)
-
-    print(f"Found python executable: {executable_path}")
-    return executable_path.resolve()  # Return absolute path
-
-
-def create_python_build_standalone_environment(
-    python_version: str, temp_dir: Path, cache_dir: Path
-) -> Path:
-    """
-    Returns a Python environment from python-build-standalone, downloading it
-    if necessary using a cache, and expanding it into a fresh base path.
-
-    Args:
-        python_version: The Python version string (e.g., "3.12").
-        temp_dir: A directory where the Python environment will be created.
-        cache_dir: A directory to store/retrieve downloaded archives.
-
-    Returns:
-        The absolute path to the python executable within the created environment (in temp_dir).
-
-    Raises:
-        PythonBuildStandaloneError: If the platform is unsupported, the build cannot be found,
-                    download/extraction fails, or configuration is invalid.
-    """
-
-    print(f"Creating python-build-standalone environment: version={python_version}")
-
-    arch_id, platform_id, libc_id = _get_platform_identifiers()
-
-    pbs_tag, asset_url, asset_filename = _get_pbs_asset(
-        python_version=python_version,
-        arch_identifier=arch_id,
-        platform_identifier=platform_id,
-        libc_identifier=libc_id,
-    )
-
-    print(f"Using python-build-standalone release: {pbs_tag}")
-
-    archive_path = _download_or_get_from_cache(
-        asset_url=asset_url, asset_filename=asset_filename, cache_dir=cache_dir
-    )
-
-    python_base_dir = temp_dir / "pbs"
-    assert not python_base_dir.exists()
-    extract_tar(archive_path, python_base_dir)
-
-    return _find_python_executable(python_base_dir)