diff --git a/test/10_cpp_standards/cibuildwheel_test.py b/test/10_cpp_standards/cibuildwheel_test.py
index acebf73a..7036a38a 100644
--- a/test/10_cpp_standards/cibuildwheel_test.py
+++ b/test/10_cpp_standards/cibuildwheel_test.py
@@ -79,14 +79,29 @@ def test_cpp17_modern_msvc_workaround(tmp_path):
     add_env = {'CIBW_ENVIRONMENT': 'STANDARD=17',
                'DISTUTILS_USE_SDK': '1', 'MSSdk': '1'}
 
-    # Use existing setuptools code to run Visual Studio's vcvarsall.bat
-    import setuptools.msvc
+    # Use existing setuptools code to run Visual Studio's vcvarsall.bat and get the
+    # necessary environment variables, since running vcvarsall.bat in a subprocess
+    # does not keep the relevant environment variables
+    # In normal CI setup: run vcvarsall.bat before running cibuildwheel
+    import setuptools
+
+    # Different environment variables for 32-bit/64-bit targets
+    # First, 32-bit (or x86)
     vcvarsall_env = setuptools.msvc.msvc14_get_vc_env('x86')
+    add_env_x86 = add_env.copy()
+    add_env_x86['CIBW_BUILD'] = '*-win32'
     for vc_var in ['path', 'include', 'lib']:
-        if vc_var in vcvarsall_env:
-            add_env[vc_var] = vcvarsall_env[vc_var]
+        add_env_x86[vc_var] = vcvarsall_env[vc_var]
+    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, add_env=add_env_x86)
+
+    # Then, 64-bit (or x64)
+    vcvarsall_env = setuptools.msvc.msvc14_get_vc_env('x64')
+    add_env_x64 = add_env.copy()
+    add_env_x64['CIBW_BUILD'] = '*-win_amd64'
+    for vc_var in ['path', 'include', 'lib']:
+        add_env_x64[vc_var] = vcvarsall_env[vc_var]
+    actual_wheels += utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, add_env=add_env_x64)
 
-    actual_wheels = utils.cibuildwheel_run(project_dir, add_env=add_env)
     expected_wheels = utils.expected_wheels('spam', '0.1.0')
 
     assert set(actual_wheels) == set(expected_wheels)