import torch import torch.nn as nn import torch.nn.functional as F from torch.distributions import Normal # 确保代码可以在 GPU 上跑(如果有的话) device = torch.device("cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu") class Critic(nn.Module): def __init__(self, state_dim, action_dim): super(Critic, self).__init__() # Q1 网络架构 self.l1 = nn.Linear(state_dim + action_dim, 256) self.l2 = nn.Linear(256, 256) self.l3 = nn.Linear(256, 1) # Q2 网络架构(和 Q1 完全一样,但参数是独立初始化的) self.l4 = nn.Linear(state_dim + action_dim, 256) self.l5 = nn.Linear(256, 256) self.l6 = nn.Linear(256, 1) def forward(self, state, action): # 把状态和动作拼接在一起,作为 Q 网络的输入 sa = torch.cat([state, action], 1) # Q1 的前向传播 q1 = F.relu(self.l1(sa)) q1 = F.relu(self.l2(q1)) q1 = self.l3(q1) # Q2 的前向传播 q2 = F.relu(self.l4(sa)) q2 = F.relu(self.l5(q2)) q2 = self.l6(q2) # 训练时,我们需要同时返回两个 Q 值来算误差 return q1, q2 # 定义标准差的上下界,防止网络输出极端值导致计算崩溃(NaN) LOG_SIG_MAX = 2 LOG_SIG_MIN = -20 class Actor(nn.Module): def __init__(self, state_dim, action_dim, max_action): super(Actor, self).__init__() # 共享特征提取层 self.l1 = nn.Linear(state_dim, 256) self.l2 = nn.Linear(256, 256) # 均值输出层 self.mean_linear = nn.Linear(256, action_dim) # 对数标准差输出层(预测 log_std 比直接预测 std 更好优化) self.log_std_linear = nn.Linear(256, action_dim) # 动作的最大物理边界(比如 Pendulum 的力矩最大是 2.0) self.max_action = max_action def forward(self, state): x = F.relu(self.l1(state)) x = F.relu(self.l2(x)) mean = self.mean_linear(x) log_std = self.log_std_linear(x) # 限制 log_std 的范围,防止数值不稳定 log_std = torch.clamp(log_std, min=LOG_SIG_MIN, max=LOG_SIG_MAX) return mean, log_std def sample(self, state): mean, log_std = self.forward(state) std = log_std.exp() # 构造一个高斯分布 normal = Normal(mean, std) # normal.rsample() 内部执行的就是 a = mean + std * epsilon (其中 epsilon 是标准正态噪声) # 这就是公式 (11) 的代码实现!用 rsample 才能让梯度传导回网络。 x_t = normal.rsample() # 把动作压缩到 [-1, 1] 区间(这就是论文附录 C 里的 tanh 压扁函数) y_t = torch.tanh(x_t) # 映射到真实的物理动作区间,比如 [-2.0, 2.0] action = y_t * self.max_action # 计算这个动作的对数概率 log(pi(a|s)),用于后面算熵 # 这行公式对应论文附录 C 的公式 (21),是应用 tanh 后的概率修正 log_prob = normal.log_prob(x_t) log_prob -= torch.log(self.max_action * (1 - y_t.pow(2)) + 1e-6) log_prob = log_prob.sum(1, keepdim=True) # mean 经过 tanh 就是测试时用的确定性动作 mean = torch.tanh(mean) * self.max_action return action, log_prob, mean # =========================================================================== # PPO 专用网络 # =========================================================================== class PPOActor(nn.Module): """ PPO 策略网络 — 标准高斯策略(不使用 tanh 压缩) 与 SAC Actor 的核心区别: - SAC 需要 tanh squashing + log_prob Jacobian 修正来精确计算熵 - PPO 直接使用高斯分布的 log_prob / entropy,再 clamp 到合法范围 - log_std 是全局可学习参数(不依赖状态),更稳定 """ def __init__(self, state_dim, action_dim, max_action): super(PPOActor, self).__init__() self.max_action = max_action self.net = nn.Sequential( nn.Linear(state_dim, 64), nn.Tanh(), nn.Linear(64, 64), nn.Tanh(), nn.Linear(64, action_dim), ) # 全局可学习的对数标准差,初始化为 0 → std=1.0(足够的初始探索) self.log_std = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(action_dim)) def forward(self, state): mean = self.net(state) std = self.log_std.exp().expand_as(mean) return mean, std def get_dist(self, state): mean, std = self.forward(state) return Normal(mean, std) def sample(self, state): """ 采样动作,直接 clamp 到 [-max_action, max_action] 返回: (action, log_prob) """ dist = self.get_dist(state) action_unbounded = dist.rsample() # 直接 clamp(不做 tanh,避免 log_prob 被 Jacobian 修正污染) action = torch.clamp(action_unbounded, -self.max_action, self.max_action) log_prob = dist.log_prob(action_unbounded).sum(1, keepdim=True) return action, log_prob, action_unbounded def evaluate(self, state, action_unbounded): """ 给定之前保存的未裁剪动作,重新计算 log_prob 和熵(用于 PPO K 轮更新) """ dist = self.get_dist(state) log_prob = dist.log_prob(action_unbounded).sum(1, keepdim=True) entropy = dist.entropy().sum(1, keepdim=True) return log_prob, entropy class ValueNet(nn.Module): """ PPO 价值网络:估计状态价值函数 V(s) """ def __init__(self, state_dim): super(ValueNet, self).__init__() self.net = nn.Sequential( nn.Linear(state_dim, 256), nn.Tanh(), nn.Linear(256, 256), nn.Tanh(), nn.Linear(256, 1), ) def forward(self, state): return self.net(state)