228 lines
7.8 KiB
Markdown
228 lines
7.8 KiB
Markdown
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# libEngine.dll 调用指南
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本文档详细说明了如何通过 C++ 和 Python 调用 `libEngine.dll` 进行发动机仿真。
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## 1. 数据结构定义
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无论使用哪种语言，都需要严格遵循以下数据结构定义（内存布局）。
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### 1.1 Engine_Identity (身份/配置参数)
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| 字段名 | 类型 (C++) | 类型 (Python ctypes) | 说明 |
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| :------------------------ | :--------- | :------------------- | :------------------------- |
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| `Identity_Ok` | `int` | `c_int` | 身份验证位，通常设为 1 |
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| `Cof_Eff_Low_Identity` | `double` | `c_double` | 低压部件效率系数，默认 1.0 |
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| `Cof_Eff_High_Identity` | `double` | `c_double` | 高压部件效率系数，默认 1.0 |
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### 1.2 EngInPut (输入控制量)
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| 字段名 | 类型 (C++) | 类型 (Python ctypes) | 说明 |
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| :----------------- | :--------- | :------------------- | :--------------------- |
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| `Altp` | `double` | `c_double` | 飞行高度 (m) |
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| `Ma0` | `double` | `c_double` | 飞行马赫数 |
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| `dT0` | `double` | `c_double` | 与标准大气温差 (K) |
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| `StepTime` | `double` | `c_double` | 仿真步长 (s) |
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| `Wf` | `double` | `c_double` | 主燃烧室供油量 (kg/h) |
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| `Wf_After` | `double` | `c_double` | 加力供油量 (kg/h) |
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| `Angle_FanVane` | `double` | `c_double` | 风扇导流叶片角度 |
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| `Angle_CompVane` | `double` | `c_double` | 高压压气机导流叶片角度 |
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| `A8` | `double` | `c_double` | 喷口临界面积 (m^2) |
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| `AddPower` | `double` | `c_double` | 附加功率/起动功率 (W) |
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### 1.3 EngOutPut (输出状态量)
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| 字段名 | 类型 (C++) | 类型 (Python ctypes) | 说明 |
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| :---------- | :--------- | :------------------- | :-------------------------- |
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| `NL` | `double` | `c_double` | 风扇相对转速 (%) |
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| `NH` | `double` | `c_double` | 高压相对转速 (%) |
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| `T1t` | `double` | `c_double` | 进气温度 (K) |
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| `P1t` | `double` | `c_double` | 进气总压 (kPa) |
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| `P1s` | `double` | `c_double` | 风扇进口静压 (kPa) |
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| `P3s` | `double` | `c_double` | 高压压气机后静压 (kPa) |
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| `T5t` | `double` | `c_double` | 涡轮后温度 (K) |
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| `P5t` | `double` | `c_double` | 涡轮后压力 (kPa) |
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| `Wf_Main` | `double` | `c_double` | 实际燃烧主燃油流量 (kg/h) |
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| `T5t_Gas` | `double` | `c_double` | 涡轮后气体温度 (无惯性) (K) |
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---
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## 2. C++ 调用方法
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在 C++ 中，通常使用 `LoadLibrary` 和 `GetProcAddress` 进行显式调用（动态加载）。
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### 函数原型
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```cpp
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// 假设使用 stdcall 调用约定
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typedef struct EngOutPut (__stdcall *CreateEngFunc)(int **pEngine, struct Engine_Identity m_Identity);
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typedef struct EngOutPut (__stdcall *EngStepGoFunc)(int *pEngine, struct EngInPut m_EngInPut);
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typedef struct EngOutPut (__stdcall *DestroyEngFunc)(int *pEngine);
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```
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### 示例代码
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```cpp
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#include <windows.h>
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#include <iostream>
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// 定义结构体 (需与上述定义一致)
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struct Engine_Identity {
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int Identity_Ok;
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double Cof_Eff_Low_Identity;
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double Cof_Eff_High_Identity;
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};
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struct EngInPut {
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double Altp, Ma0, dT0, StepTime;
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double Wf, Wf_After, Angle_FanVane, Angle_CompVane, A8, AddPower;
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};
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struct EngOutPut {
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double NL, NH, T1t, P1t, P1s, P3s, T5t, P5t, Wf_Main, T5t_Gas;
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};
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// 定义函数指针类型
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typedef EngOutPut (__stdcall *CreateEngFunc)(int**, Engine_Identity);
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typedef EngOutPut (__stdcall *EngStepGoFunc)(int*, EngInPut);
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typedef EngOutPut (__stdcall *DestroyEngFunc)(int*);
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int main() {
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// 1. 加载 DLL
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HMODULE hDll = LoadLibrary("libEngine.dll");
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if (!hDll) {
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std::cerr << "无法加载 DLL" << std::endl;
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return 1;
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}
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// 2. 获取函数地址
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CreateEngFunc CreateEng = (CreateEngFunc)GetProcAddress(hDll, "CreateEng");
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EngStepGoFunc EngStepGo = (EngStepGoFunc)GetProcAddress(hDll, "EngStepGo");
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DestroyEngFunc DestroyEng = (DestroyEngFunc)GetProcAddress(hDll, "DestroyEng");
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if (!CreateEng || !EngStepGo || !DestroyEng) {
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std::cerr << "无法获取函数地址" << std::endl;
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FreeLibrary(hDll);
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return 1;
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}
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// 3. 创建发动机实例
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int* hEngine = nullptr; // 句柄指针
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Engine_Identity identity = {1, 1.0, 1.0};
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// 注意：CreateEng 需要传入指针的地址 (&hEngine)
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CreateEng(&hEngine, identity);
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if (!hEngine) {
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std::cerr << "发动机创建失败" << std::endl;
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FreeLibrary(hDll);
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return 1;
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}
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// 4. 仿真循环
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EngInPut input = {0};
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input.StepTime = 0.02;
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input.Wf = 100.0;
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input.A8 = 0.1;
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input.AddPower = 90000.0; // 起动功率
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for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
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// 执行单步
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EngOutPut output = EngStepGo(hEngine, input);
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std::cout << "Step: " << i
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<< " NH: " << output.NH
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<< " T5t: " << output.T5t << std::endl;
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// 简单的起动逻辑示例
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if (output.NH > 0.25) {
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input.AddPower = 0.0;
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input.Wf = 300.0;
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}
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}
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// 5. 销毁与释放
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DestroyEng(hEngine);
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FreeLibrary(hDll);
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return 0;
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}
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```
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---
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## 3. Python 调用方法
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Python 中推荐使用 `ctypes` 库进行调用。
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### 核心要点
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1. 使用 `ctypes.Structure` 定义对应的 C 结构体。
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2. 使用 `WinDLL` 加载 DLL（因为是 `__stdcall` 调用约定）。
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3. 配置 `argtypes` 和 `restype` 以确保参数传递正确。
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### 示例代码 (基于封装好的类)
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```python
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import ctypes
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from ctypes import *
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import os
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# --- 结构体定义 (略，见 core_model.py) ---
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class EngineSim:
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def __init__(self, dll_path):
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self.lib = WinDLL(dll_path)
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# 配置函数原型
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# CreateEng: 传入 int** (POINTER(POINTER(c_int)))
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self.lib.CreateEng.argtypes = [POINTER(POINTER(c_int)), Engine_Identity]
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self.lib.CreateEng.restype = EngOutPut
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# EngStepGo: 传入 int* (POINTER(c_int))
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self.lib.EngStepGo.argtypes = [POINTER(c_int), EngInPut]
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self.lib.EngStepGo.restype = EngOutPut
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# DestroyEng: 传入 int*
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self.lib.DestroyEng.argtypes = [POINTER(c_int)]
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self.lib.DestroyEng.restype = EngOutPut
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self.h_engine = None
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def create(self):
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self.h_engine = POINTER(c_int)() # 创建一个空指针用于接收句柄
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identity = Engine_Identity(1, 1.0, 1.0)
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# 传入指针的引用 byref
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self.lib.CreateEng(byref(self.h_engine), identity)
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def step(self, input_data):
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return self.lib.EngStepGo(self.h_engine, input_data)
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def close(self):
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if self.h_engine:
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self.lib.DestroyEng(self.h_engine)
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self.h_engine = None
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# --- 使用 ---
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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dll_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "libEngine.dll")
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sim = EngineSim(dll_path)
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sim.create()
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inp = EngInPut()
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inp.StepTime = 0.02
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inp.Wf = 100.0
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inp.AddPower = 90000.0
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inp.A8 = 0.1
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for i in range(100):
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out = sim.step(inp)
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print(f"NH: {out.NH:.2f}, T5t: {out.T5t:.2f}")
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sim.close()
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```
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### 注意事项
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* **指针传递**: `CreateEng` 在 C++ 中接收 `int**`，在 Python `ctypes` 中对应 `byref(h_engine)`，其中 `h_engine` 是 `POINTER(c_int)()`。
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* **调用约定**: 必须使用 `WinDLL` 而不是 `CDLL`，除非 DLL 编译时使用的是 `cdecl`。根据现有代码推断为 `stdcall`。
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